STID1103 

COMPUTER APPLICATION IN MANAGEMENT 

GROUP H 

SECOND SEMESTER SESSION 2020/2021 (A202) 

   

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT: 

“COVID-19 PANDEMIC” 
  
DATE OF SUBMISSION: 
MAY 23, 2021 

ASSIGNED TO: 
Dr. FAZLIN BIN AZZALI 

PREPARED BY: 
ARGA NAMIRA IVANKA 
268883 
 
UUM COLLEGE OF ART AND SCIENCE 
UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA
Table of Content

Table of Content........................................................................................................................ii

List of Figure.............................................................................................................................ii

List of Table...............................................................................................................................ii

1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................1

1.1 COVID-19..................................................................................................................1

1.2 Transmitting of the COVID-19..................................................................................2

1.3 Symptoms of Covid-19..............................................................................................2

1.4 Treatments for COVID-19.........................................................................................3

1.4.1 Mild Symptoms......................................................................................................3
1.4.2 Serious Symptoms..................................................................................................3

2 IMPACT OF COVID.........................................................................................................5

2.1 Covid-19 situation in Malaysia compare to other country.........................................5

2.1.1 Covid in Malaysia..................................................................................................5
2.1.2 COVID-19 in the World........................................................................................5

2.2 Covid-19 affect economy in Malaysia.......................................................................5

3 Conclusion.........................................................................................................................6

REFERENCE.............................................................................................................................7

List of Figure Y
Figure 1: Covid-19 SARS-COV-2.............................................................................................3
Figure 2: remdesivir...................................................................................................................6
Figure 3: lopinavir/ritonavir.......................................................................................................6
Figure 4: Favipiravir..................................................................................................................6
Figure 5: Malaysia unemployment rate.....................................................................................8

List of Tabl
Table 1: Total Cases (WHO, 2021)...........................................................................................5

ii
iii
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 COVID-19
The new coronavirus is a member of the beta coronavirus genus. It has round or oval
envelopes, but is normally polymorphic. Its diameter ranges from 60 to 144 nm. SARS-CoV-
2 is the name given by the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 is a brand-new
disease caused by a coronavirus that has never been seen in humans before.
SARS coronavirus first appeared in Guangdong in 2003, Middle East respiratory
syndrome (MERS) coronavirus first appeared in the Middle East in 2012, and COVID 19
coronavirus first appeared in Wuhan in 2019. All three coronaviruses are highly infectious
and dangerous. However, they are mostly responsible for colds, accounting for 10% to 15%
of all cold viruses, and the infection is not serious (Hu et al., 2021).
Scientists are learning more about the virus every day because it is so fresh. Because of
its shaky relationship with humans, "coronavirus" is generally overlooked. However, after the
spread of SARS and COVID-19, we became aware of it. Bats appear to be one of the
coronavirus's most competent hosts. COVID-19 can cause serious illness and even death in
people who have it, despite the fact that most people who have it have mild symptoms.
Extreme disease is more likely in some populations, such as the elderly and those with some
underlying medical conditions.
We now understand that SARS and COVID-19 have a major impact on human society.
As a result, there is an immediate need to pay more attention to virus infection of the
respiratory tract.

Figure 1: Covid-19 SARS-COV-2 (Schoeman & Fielding, 2019)

1
1.2 Transmitting of the COVID-19
The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes the disease, is known to spread between people in a
variety of ways. When an infected person coughs, sneezes, speaks, sings, or breathes, the
virus spreads in tiny liquid particles from their mouth or nose. Larger respiratory droplets to
tiny aerosols are among the particles. People may also become infected by touching surfaces
contaminated by the virus without washing their hands before touching their eyes, nose, or
mouth (Asadi et al., 2020).
Indoor settings, especially those with poor ventilation, are riskier than outdoor
settings. Singing or heavily breathing during exercise, for example, cause more particles to be
released from the mouth, increasing the risk of transmission.
Infected person’s excrement, such as feces and urine, has the potential to pollute the
soil as well as the surfaces of objects, also one of the ways covid spreads. The hands of the
patient will become infected if they come into contact with the air or the surface of an object.
Contaminated hands can then come into contact with the nasal cavity, oral cavity, or face,
potentially resulting in transmission through close contact.
One of the unique transmission features of COVID-19 is family clustering
transmission, which occurs when more than two family members are infected. This supports
the role of droplet transmission but does not rule out the possibility of near contact factors.
The COVID-19 pandemic shows no signs of abating. Many people are concerned about this
situation because the Corona virus can spread rapidly.
During medical procedures known as aerosol generating procedures, there is an
increased risk of infection in health facilities where people are being treated for COVID-19.
This can create very tiny droplets that can remain suspended in the air for longer periods of
time and spread beyond the range of conversation (typically 1 meter). This is why health
workers who conduct these procedures or work in environments where they are performed
should take particular airborne safety precautions, such as wearing adequate personal
protective equipment like respirators. Visitors are not allowed in places where these
operations are being conducted for the same purpose.

1.3 Symptoms of Covid-19

There are various symptoms of COVID-19 and it continuously evolving, but the most
common symptoms are fever (not all), cough, sore throat, headache, exhaustion, headache,
myalgia, and breathlessness. Other less common symptoms that can affect certain patients

2
include, loss of taste or smell, conjunctivitis, nasal congestion (also known as red eyes) a
scratchy mouth, migraine, pain in the muscles or joints, various forms of skin rashes,
diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting, and dizziness or chills (Dawson et al., 2021).
Moreover, there are also the serious symptoms of COVID-19 which are, breathing
problems, appetite loss, and perplexity, chest pain or pressure that persists, temperatures
above 38 degrees Celsius.
The last is a COVID-19 symptom that is uncommon which includes, irritability,
befuddlement, and a loss of consciousness (sometimes associated with seizures), anxiety,
depression, and sleep disturbances are all symptoms of anxiety. strokes, brain injury,
delirium, and nerve damage are more serious and uncommon neurological complications.

1.4 Treatments for COVID-19

1.4.1 Mild Symptoms
There is currently no treatment for COVID-19. If a patient is diagnosed with COVID-19 but
has no or just mild symptoms, the patient can provide self-care at home, which includes:
 Isolate for two weeks by not leaving the house and maintaining a safe distance from
people who live in the same house.
 Take body temperature twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening.
 Hands should be washed with soap, water, or a hand sanitizer.
 Drink plenty of water to keep the body hydrated.
 To hasten the healing process, get plenty of rest.
 After meeting with the doctor, take cough, fever, and pain relievers.
 Keep an eye on the symptoms and call the doctor right away if they worsen.
COVID-19 patients with moderate symptoms recover in 2 weeks, according to
research. However, before ending your independent isolation and returning to your normal
activities, speak with your doctor and see whether you meet the COVID-19 rehabilitation
requirements (Cunningham et al., 2020).
1.4.2 Serious Symptoms
If patients are diagnosed with COVID-19 and have serious symptoms, doctors will refer the
patient to a referral hospital for care and quarantine. Doctors can use the following methods:
 Provide medications to help with problems and symptoms.
 Put a ventilator or other breathing aid on.
 To remain hydrated, give a fluid infusion.

3
 Prevent blood clots by giving blood thinners.
The quest for appropriate treatment methods to overcome the COVID-19 virus is still
ongoing. Remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, and favipiravir are some of the medications being
tested to treat COVID-19. Remdesivir was found to be the most effective medication in
treating COVID-19 in some patients. However, research into the efficacy of remdesivir is still
ongoing.

Figure 2: Remdesivir (J.H. Beigel, K.M. Tomashek, L.E. Dodd, A.K. Mehta, B.S. Zingman, A.C. Kalil, E.
Hohmann et al., 2020)

Figure 3: Lopinavir/ritonavir (Vargas et al., 2020)

Figure 4: Favipiravir (Pilkington et al., 2020)

4
2 IMPACT OF COVID
2.1 Covid-19 situation in Malaysia compare to other country
2.1.1 Covid in Malaysia
The number of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia was previously under regulation, but the
discovery of new forms of covid cases has caused the number of covid cases in Malaysia to
skyrocket. Many hospitals in Malaysia are no longer able to accommodate COVID-19
patients and are running out of beds as a result of the large number of cases that have not
decreased. Due to the high number of cases, the Malaysian government declared on May 10,
2021 that it will enforce a lockdown until June.
Table 1: Total Cases (WHO, 2021)

Cases - Cases – newly Deaths – Death – newly Transmission

cumulative reported in last cumulative reported in las Classification
total 24 hours total 24 hours
498,795 6,493 2,149 50 Community
Transmission

2.1.2 COVID-19 in the World

COVID-19 cases continue to rise across the world and are expected to do so before a
medicine of COVID-19 is discovered. So far, there are 159,419,267 active covid cases
worldwide (as of May 11, 2021), with 3,313,158 deaths and 137,036,766 people who have
recovered.

2.2 Covid-19 affect economy in Malaysia

COVID-19 has had a negative effect on Malaysia's economy, as shown by the high
unemployment rate and weakening of the Malaysian Ringgit against the US dollar.
Malaysia's unemployment rate is 3.3 percent in 2019, implying that 508,200 people are
unemployed. This can be shown by comparing Malaysia's unemployment rate to that of the
United States. The unemployment rate is 3.2 percent in January 2020, but it continues to rise
until May 2020, when it hits 5.3 percent. This is depicted in Figure 5. This is a negative trend
in labor demand, so this is not a positive occurrence.

5
 Figure 5: Malaysia unemployment rate (Shankar, 2020)

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major effect on Malaysia's economy.

The drop from October to December was the third in a row, indicating the full extent of
COVID-19's effect on the Southeast Asian region. In a Reuters poll of 12 economists, the
median forecast for the fourth quarter was for a 3.1 percent drop. Malaysia's full-year result is
the lowest since a 7.4% contraction during the Asian financial crisis in 1998. Malaysia's GDP
grew by 4.3 percent in 2019, with a 3.6 percent increase in the last quarter. Due to strict
coronavirus countermeasures, the economy fell 17.1% in the second quarter of 2020, before
falling 2.7 percent in the third quarter as the regulations were relaxed. Late in the year,
however, the epidemic resurfaced, deepening the recession. Due to sluggish private
consumption and lower public spending, all economic sectors except manufacturing saw
declines in the fourth quarter.

3 Conclusion
To summarise the above, SARS-CoV-2, MERS, and COVID-19 are all coronaviruses that are
highly contagious and deadly, and COVID-19 is a brand-new disease caused by a coronavirus
that has never been seen in humans before. They are the most common cause of colds,
accounting for 10% to 15% of all cold viruses. Bats tend to be one of the most capable hosts
for the coronavirus. Some groups, such as the elderly and those with medical problems, are
more susceptible to extreme disease.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is known to spread in a number of ways amongst people. The
virus spreads in tiny liquid particles when an infected person coughs, sneezes, talks, sings, or
breathes. People may also get infected by touching virus-infected surfaces without washing
their hands. Indoor environments, especially those with poor ventilation, are more dangerous

6
than outdoor environments. The COVID-19 pandemic isn't showing any signs of slowing
down.

REFERENCE
Asadi, S., Bouvier, N., Wexler, A. S., & Ristenpart, W. D. (2020). Aerosol Science and

7
 Technology The coronavirus pandemic and aerosols: Does COVID-19 transmit via
expiratory particles? https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2020.1749229
Cunningham, A. C., Goh, H. P., & Koh, D. (2020). Treatment of COVID-19: old tricks for
new challenges. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-2818-6
Dawson, P., Rabold, E. M., Laws, R. L., Conners, E. E., Gharpure, R., Yin, S., Buono, S. A.,
Dasu, T., Bhattacharyya, S., Westergaard, R. P., Pray, I. W., Ye, D., Nabity, S. A., Tate,
J. E., & Kirking, H. L. (2021). Loss of Taste and Smell as Distinguishing Symptoms of
Coronavirus Disease 2019. Clinical Infectious Diseases ®, 72(4), 682–687.
https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa799
Hu, B., Guo, H., Zhou, P., & Shi, Z.-L. (2021). Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-
19. Nature Reviews Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-00459-7
J.H. Beigel, K.M. Tomashek, L.E. Dodd, A.K. Mehta, B.S. Zingman, A.C. Kalil, E.
Hohmann, H. Y. C., A. Luetkemeyer, S. Kline, D. Lopez de Castilla, R.W. Finberg, K.
Dierberg, V. Tapson, L. Hsieh, T. F. P., R. Paredes, D.A. Sweeney, W.R. Short, G.
Touloumi, D.C. Lye, N. Ohmagari, M. Oh, G. M. R.-P., T. Benfield, G. Fätkenheuer,
M.G. Kortepeter, R.L. Atmar, C.B. Creech, J. Lundgren, A.G. Babiker, S. P., & J.D.
Neaton, T.H. Burgess, T. Bonnett, M. Green, M. Makowski, A. Osinusi, S. Nayak, and
H. C. L. (2020). The new england journal of medicine. 14.
https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa2007764?articleTools=true
Pilkington, V., Pepperrell, T., & Hill, A. (2020). A review of the safety of favipiravir – a
potential treatment in the COVID-19 pandemic? In Journal of Virus Eradication (Vol. 6,
Issue 2, pp. 45–51). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2055-6640(20)30016-9
Schoeman, D., & Fielding, B. C. (2019). Coronavirus envelope protein: Current knowledge.
In Virology Journal (Vol. 16, Issue 1). BioMed Central Ltd.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-019-1182-0
Shankar, A. C. (2020). Malaysia unemployment rate escalates to 5.3% in May | The Edge
Markets. https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/malaysia-unemployment-rate-
escalates-53-may
Vargas, M., Servillo, G., & Einav, S. (2020). Lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of SARS,
MERS and COVID-19: a systematic review. In European Review for Medical and
Pharmacological Sciences (Vol. 24, Issue 16).
https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202008_22659
WHO. (2021). Malaysia: WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard With
Vaccination Data | WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccination Data.
8
 https://covid19.who.int/table