Section 3 • Guide to Reading Comprehension 349

Questions 34-41

When drawing human figures, children often make the head too
large for the rest of the body. A recent study offers some
insights into this common disproportion in children's
(line) illustrations. As part of the study, researchers asked children
(5) between four and seven years old to make several drawings of men.
When they drew front views of male figures, the size of the heads
was markedly enlarged. However, when the children drew rear views
of men, the size of the heads was not so exaggerated. The
researchers suggest that children draw bigger heads when they
(10) know they must leave room for facial details. Therefore, the odd
head size in children's illustrations is a form of planning,
and not an indication of a poor sense of scale.
34. The main subject of the passage is
_ _ _ (A) what the results of an experiment revealed
_ _ _ (B) how children learn to draw
___ (C) how researchers can gather data from works of art
_ _ _ (D) what can be done to correct a poor sense of scale

35. It can be inferred that, during the research project, the children drew
_ _ _ (A) pictures of men from different angles
_ _ _ (B) figures without facial expression
___ (C) sketches of both men and women
___ (D) only the front view of men
36. The word "they" in line 6 refers to
___ (A) researchers
_ _ (B) men
_ _ (C) illustrations
_ _ (D) children
37. The word "markedly" in line 7 is closest in meaning to
_ _ (A) modestly
_ _ _ (B) noticeably
_ _ (C) merely
_ _ (D) newly
38. The fmdings of the experiment described in the passage would probably be of LEAST interest to
which of the following groups?
_ _ _ (A) Teachers of art to children
_ _ _ (B) Commercial artists
_ _ (C) Experts in child development
_ _ (D) Parents of young children

39. The word "odd" in line 10 is closest in meaning to

___ (A) unusual
_ _ (B) huge
___ (C) average
_ _ (D) expected
40. The word "scale" in line 12 is closest in meaning to
___ (A) measurement
_ _ _ (B) proportion
_ _ (C) balance
_ _ (D) property
350 Section 3 • Guide to Reading Comprehension

41. The passage provides information to support which of the following conclusions?
___ (A) Children under the age of seven do not generally have a good sense of scale.
___ (B) With training, young children can be taught to avoid disproportion in their art.
___ (C) Children enlarge the size of the head because they sense that it is the most important
part of the body.
___ (D) Children plan ahead when they are drawing pictures.

Questions 42-50

Georgia O'Keeffe was born in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin, in 1887. She

studied art in Chicago and New York from 1904 to 1908. Beginning as
an advertising illustrator, she supported herself until 1918 by
(line) teaching in various schools and colleges in Texas. After that date,
(5) she devoted herself entirely to painting. Her paintings were first
exhibited in 1916 at "291 ," an experimental art gallery in New York
City owned by Alfred Steiglitz which was frequented by some of the
most influential artists of the time. O'Keeffe married Steiglitz in
1924.
(10) O'Keeffe's early paintings were mostly abstract designs. In the
1920's she produced depictions of flowers and precise cityscapes of
New York City. Whether painting flowers or buildings, she captured
their beauty by intuitively magnifying their shapes and simplifying
their details.
(15) O'Keeffe's style changed dramatically in 1929 during a visit to
New Mexico. She was enchanted by the stark but beautiful landscapes
under the bright Southwestern sun, and she then adopted her
characteristic style. Thereafter, she most often painted desert
landscapes, often with the blanched skull of a longhorn in the
(20) foreground.
O'Keeffe's paintings were exhibited annually at several New York
galleries until 1946, and she is represented in the permanent
collections of most major American museums. In her later years,
she settled in Taos, New Mexico, becoming the dean of Southwestern
(25) painters and one of the best known of American artists.
42. The author's main purpose in writing this passage was to
___ (A) criticize Georgia O'Keeffe's style of painting
_ _ _ (B) discuss the early successes of an inlportant American artist
___ (C) compare abstract art and landscape art
___ (D) give the highlights of Georgia O'Keeffe's artistic career
43. According to the article, where did Georgia O'Keeffe receive her formal art training?
___ (A) Sun Prairie, Wisconsin
_ _ _ (B) Chicago and New York
_ _ (C) Texas
___ (D) Taos, New Mexico
44. The expression "that date" in line 4 refers to
_ _ (A) 1887
_ _ (B) 1908
_ _ (C) 1916
_ _ (D) 1918