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02 Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
02 Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
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Guido Benny
Taylor's University
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Think about:
1 – your discipline
2 – the field
3 – the theory, e.g.
MICROECONOMIC: MACROECONOMICS
Market structure Growth economics
theory Business cycle
Production theory Unemployment
Specialisation theory Inflation and
Supply and demand monetary policy
theory Fiscal policy
Theory of firm And so on
Uncertainty and game
theory
And so on
Dr. Guido Benny Theoretical and Conceptual 7
Framework
Example 2:
Theories of Development
Modernisation theory: Sociological and
anthropological modernisation theory; Linear
stages of growth model
Structuralism
Dependency theory
Basic needs theory
Neo-liberalist theory
Postdevelopment theory
Sustainable development theory
Human development theory
And so on
Dr. Guido Benny Theoretical and Conceptual 8
Framework
Example 3: Theories in
International Relations
What is a concept?
“A mental construct that represents
phenomena in the real world”. (Pollock 2005:7)
VARIABLE DEVELOPMENT
INTERVAL
ORDINAL
NOMINAL
WEAKEST
20
Nominal Measurement
Nominal: These variables consist of
categories that are non-ordered.
Examples: gender, race, religion, food
group, or place of residence.
A simple categorical variable is binary or
dichotomous (1/0 or yes/no). For
example, did a councilwomen vote for the
ordinance change or not?
past experience
(MODERATING VAR)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. CONFIRMATION
KNOWLEDGE PERSUASION DECISION IMPLEMENTATION
Changing Product
customers expectations
Currency
Value Image
Loss of
Individuality Expectations Variety
loyalty
Age
composition
Ease Flexibility Security
Examples of Conceptual
Framework
A ‘triangle’ of needs
Self
actualisation
Esteem
Affiliation
Security
POST STRUCTURALISM
Type s of Foucault - fre e dom and control Cruise r impacts
tourism Knowle dge - powe rs
POST M ODERNISM
Baudsilard - Hype s re ality
Culture/
places
Goffman - frontstage /
Environment
Backstage authe nticity
People
Are cruise rs
tourists or not?