OSMOREGULATION IN PLANTS

Due to water present in Surrounding environment of plants, they are are of 4

types.

1. Htdroohytes

2. Haloohytes

3. Mesophytes

4. Xerophytes
 HYDROPHYTES

Hydrophytes are those plants which live in water and adjust with
their surroundings. They either remain fully submerged in the
water like Hydrilla, Valisineria, etc. or most of their body parts
remain under the water like trapa, lotus, etc. water lilies, sedges,
crow foots are other important water plants. They are also referred
to as hydrophytes or macrophytes to distinguish them from algae and
other microphytes.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROPHYTES

(i) Water Retention:

(ii) Flat Leaves:

(iii) Feathery Roots:

(iv) Air Sacks:

 ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF
HYDROPHYTES:
1. Cuticle is completely absent in submerged parts of the
plants.

2. Cuticle may be present as a thin film on surface of parts

exposed to atmosphere.

3. Epidermal cells are with chloroplast useful for absorption

and assimilation.

4. Stomata are totally absent in submerged hydrophytes.

5. Exchange of gases takes place through diffusion.

6. Epistomatous leaves (stomata found only on upper surface) are
present in hydrophytes with floating leaves Eg; Nelumbo.

7. Mechanical tissues like collenchyma and sclerenchyma are more

or less absen

8. Xylem is poorly developed in Hydrophytes as the water

absorption takes place all over surface of the plant body

9. Hydrophytes have aerenchyma in all parts of the plants.

Aerenchyma proves provides buoyancy to the hydrophytes.