[JLTKSVLGMG JMFLNJMB GK FMOMIMSFM

DMF[BWMG GK LJEKJLKSÉM

KVF[KBM MFMGÌILFN PSNDKVLNJMB GK LJEKJLKSÉM

EKNBÖELFM

FMPÉW[BN T? PBKEMILKJWN
Prkskjtmgn pnr?
- Imjtlbbm Crlnjks, Hkrjíj

Gnfkjtk? Lje. Ulbvkr Inrmbks Fìspkgks.

Mslejmturm? Eknbneém Kstrufturmb

Flfbn? Tmfmflnjmb

Fmomimrfm ‖ Pkrÿ
3030
 

PBKEMILKJWN

L. LJWSNG[FFLÖJ

Bms rnfms sniktlgms m uj rìelikj gk ksdukrzns quk kxfkgk su rkslstkjflm

ikfíjlfm
ikfíjlfm tlk
tlkjg
jgk
k m gkdnri
gkdnrimrs
mrsk
k pkr
pkrimj
imjkjt
kjtkik
kikjtk
jtk m bn bmren
bmren gk znznjms
jms gk
gkdnrimflöj iís n ikjns tmcubmrks fnj béiltks, ym skmj mcruptns n ermgumbks,
rkfnjnflcbks y fmrtnermdlmcbks (Vnbés, =<87).

Gkpkjglkjgn gk bm fnipnslflöj quéilfm, kb fnjtkjlgn gk meum, bm tkipkrmturm

y bm prkslö
prkslöj
j fn
fnjdl
jdljmj
jmjtk,
tk, kb ikfmjl
ikfmjlsin
sin gk gkd
gkdnri
nrimfl
mflöj
öj puk
pukgk
gk skr frl
frlstm
stmb-
b-
pbí
bísstlf
tlfn, n clk
clkj qukcrm
kcrmg
glz
lzn.
n. Wmic
miclì
lìj
j sk puk
ukg
gk gmr kb fm
fmssn gk quk
sliubtíjkmikjtk mbeujns iljkrmbks sk gkdnrikj pbístlfmikjtk, ilkjtrms ntrns
sk gkdnrikj pnr drmfturm. Muj fumjgn bm gkdnrimflöj ebncmb tkjem fmríftkr 
fnmx
fnmxlm
lmbb n ‒lrr
‒lrrnt
ntmf
mfln
lnjm
jmb’
b’ pu
pukg
kgkj
kj y su
sukb
kbkj
kj gksm
gksmrr
rrnb
nbbm
bmrs
rsk
k zn
znjm
jmss gk fl
flzm
zmbbm
bbm
rntmflnjmb quk sk mprnxlimj m uj ingkbn gk flzmbbm slipbk (Wmrcufa y Butekjs,
300;).
300;). Pmr
Pmrm
m pngkr
pngkr gnfuik
gnfuikjtm
jtmrr kb skjtlg
skjtlgn
n gk gks
gkspbm
pbmzmi
zmilkj
lkjtn
tn gk cbnqu
cbnquks
ks
rnfnsns skpmrmgns pnr znjms gk flzmbbm, ks jkfksmrln fnjtmr fnj hkrrmilkjtms
gk ncskrvmflöj quk jns pkriltmj lgkjtldlfmr kb skjtlgn gkb invlilkjtn rkbmtlvn
gk bns cbnquks.

LL. NCOKWLTNV

EKJKSMB

- Mjmblzmr kb rìelikj gk ksdukrzns quk tlkjgkj m gkdnrimr bns imflzns rnfnsns.

KVPKFÉDLFNV

- Wrmtmr tngn bn rkdkrkjtk m bm gkdnrimflöj gÿftlb.

- Kxpblfmr y fbmsldlfmr bns glvkrsns tlpns gk pblkeuks.

- Fnjnfkr bns jlvkbks kstrufturmbks.

- Fnjnfkr bms rkbmflnjks kxlstkjtks kjtrk bns pblkeuks y dmbbms.

 

- Kxpblfmr bms fmusms y bns kbkikjtns ekniìtrlfns gk bns quk sk fnipnjkj bns
pblkeuks.

LLL. KOKSFLFLNV

Kj bms sleulkjtks dntnermdéms gksfrlcm kj kb rkfumgrn gkb bmgn gkrkfhn quk tlpn
pblkeuk fnrrkspnjgk.

(Gk lzqulkrgm
lzqulkrgm m
gkrkfhm)
mjtlfbljmb-
sljfbljmb.

Pblkeuk
tuicmgn?
Kb pbmjn mxlmb ks
fmsl hnrlznjtmb

3
 

Pblkeuk
vnbfmgn? 

 Micns dbmjfns
cuzmj kj bm
ilsim glrkfflöj.

Pblkeuk
Vljfbljmb
sliìtrlfn?

Fnjst
njstmm gk uj
pbmjn gk sliktrém
kj kb fkjt
fkjtrn
rn gk
gkbb
pblkeuk y bns gns
dbmjfns sk
ljfbljmj fmsl kj kb
ilsin íjeubn.

6
 

LT. KOKSFLFLNV PSNP[KVWNV

Kokrflfln =. Wnimjgn fnin cmsk kb pblkeuk gk bm dleurm, ljglquk sus pmrtks?

m. Béjkm gk fhmrjkbm.

c. Vupkrdlflk gk fhmrjkbm.
f. Dbmjfn.

g. Kok.

k. _njm gk fhmrjkbm.

7
 

d. Fnj gns dbkfhms glcuomgms sncrk kb pbmjn P, ljglquk gk imjkrm ksqukiítlfm

bm glrkfflöj kj quk mftumrnj bns ksdukrzns quk fmusmrnj bm gkdnrimflöj.

Kokrflfln 3. Wnimjgn fnin cmsk bms dleurms fnj cbnquks glmermiítlfns gk

pblkeuks, rkmblfk bms sleulkjtks mftlvlgmgks?

m. Gksfrlcm fmgm ujm gk bms

kstrufturms.
c

g m

;
 

c. Fbmsldéqukbms tnimjgn fnin rkdkrkjflm su béjkm gk fhmrjkbm y pbmjn mxlmb.

f. Fbmsldéqukbms tnimjgn fnin rkdkrkjflm kb íjeubn ljtkrdbmjfns.

g. Fbmsldéqukbms fnj cmsk kj bm ekniktrém gk sus frkstms.

4
 

m. Pblkeuk mjtlfbljmb fnj pbmjn y béjkm gk

fhmrjkbm jnrimb.

c. Hnrlznjtmb Jnrimb

f. Fkrrmgn

g. Flbéjgrlfns
m. Pblkeuk mjtlfbljmb fnj pbmjn y béjkm

c. Hnrlznjtmb Ljfbljmgn

f. Fkrrmgn

g. Flbéjgrlfns
m. Plkeuk mjtlfbljmb

c. Cuzmjtk ljfbljmgn

f. Fkrrmgn

g. Flbéjgrlfn
m. Mjtlfbljmb rkfuickjtk sliìtrlfn

c.Skfuickjtk

f. Fkrrmgn

g. Flbéjgrlfns
m. Mjtlfbljmb cuzmjtk jnrimb

c. Cuzmjtk jnrimb

f. Fkrrmgn

g. Flbéjgrlfns
m. Mjtlfbljmb cuzmjtk jnrimb msliìtrlfn

c. Cuzmjtk jnrimb

f.Fkrrmgn

g. Flbéjgrlfns

5
 

m. Mjtlfbljmb

c. Tkrtlfmb

f. Fkrrmgn

g. Flbéjgrlfn
m. Pblkeuk injnfbljmb

c. Hnrlznjtmb ljfbljmgn

f. Vumvk

g. Flbéjgrlfns
m. Pblkeuk mjtlfbljmb rkftmjeubmr 

c. Hnrlznjtmb jnrimb

f. Mclkrtn

g. Fmom
m. Pblkeuk ljfbljmgn fkrrmgn.
c. Ljfbljmgn

f. Fkrrmgn

g. Flbéjgrlfns
m. Pblkeuk sljfbljmb sliìtrlfn.

c. Hnrlznjtmb jnrimb

f. Fkrrmgn

g. Flbéjgrlfns

m. Pblkeuk mjtlfbljmb fhkvröj msliìtrlfn

c. Hnrlznjtmb ljfbljmgn

f. Fkrrmgn

g. Fhkvröj

8
 

<
 

Kokrflfln 6. Wnimjgn fnin cmsk bms dleurms fnj cbnquks glmermiítlfns gk

pblkeuks, rkmblfk bms sleulkjtks mftlvlgmgks?

m. Gksfrlcm fmgm ujm gk bms kstrufturms.

c. Fbmsldéqukbms tnimjgn fnin rkdkrkjflm su béjkm gk fhmrjkbm y pbmjn mxlmb.

f. Fbmsldéqukbms tnimjgn fnin rkdkrkjflm kb íjeubn ljtkrdbmjfns.

m. Pblkeuk sljfbljmb sliìtrlfn

c. Hnrlznjtmb jnrimb

f. Mclkrtn

m. Pblkeuks mjtlfbljmbks slilbmrks

fnj íjeubns ljtkrdbmjfn fkrrmgn

c. Hnrlznjtmb ljfbljmgn

f. Fkrrmgn

m. Pblkeuk sljfbljmb
c. Hnrlznjtmb jnrimb

f. Fkrrmgn

=0
 

m. pblkeuk mjtlfbljmb y sljfbljmb

sljfbljmb

c. Hnrlznjtmb jnrimb

f. Fkrrmgn

m. [jm kst
kstruf
ruftur
turm
m mj
mjtlf
tlfblj
bljmb
mb fnj
ljikrslöj kj tngms bms
glrkfflnjks ks uj gnin

c. Hnrlznjtmb ljfbljmgn

f. Mclkrtn

m. Pblkeuk mjtlfbljmb
c. Hnrlznjtmb jnrimb

f. Fkrrmgn

m. Pblkeuk sljfbljmb msliìtrlfn

c. Hnrlznjtmb ljfbljmgn

f. Fkrrmgn

==
 

m. Pblkeuk injnfbljmb, skikomjtk

m uj ksfm
ksfmbö
böj,
j, kj zn
znjm
jmss gn
gnjg
jgk
k
prkgniljmj fmpms hnrlznjtmbks

c. Hnrlznjtmb ljfbljmgn

f. Mclkrtn

m. Pblkeuk mjtlfbljmb

c. Hnrlznjtmb jnrimb

f. Mclkrtn

m. uj sl sljf
jfblbljm
jmbb quk
quk cucuzm
zm hmhmfl
flm
m
gkjtr
gk jtrn
n kj tng tngms
ms glr
glrkff
kfflnj
lnjks
ks sk
bbm
bmim
im ujm fuc uck
ktm kskstr
tru
uftur
fturmb
mb
c. Hnrlznjtmb jnrimb

f. Mclkrtn

Fukstlnjmrln =. Bkm mtkjtmikjtk fmgm ujm gk bms fukstlnjks sleulkjtks y

imrq
imrquk
uk fnj
fnj ujm
ujm fr
fruz
uz (X)
(X) bm np
npfl
flöj
öj qu
qukk fn
fnrr
rrks
kspn
pnjg
jgmm m bm rksp
rkspuk
ukst
stmm
fnrrkftm.

=. Wnimjgn kj fukjtm bm nrlkjtmflöj gkb pbmjn y béjkm gk fhmrjkbm gkb pblkeuk,

bns pblkeuks quk tlkjkj pbmjn y béjkm gk fhmrjkbm hnrlznjtmbks sk bbmimj?

m) Cuzmjtks c) Lsnfbljmbks

f) Glsmriöjlfns g) Skfuickjtks

=3
 

3. Wnimjgn kj fukjtm bm nrlkjtmflöj gkb pbmjn y béjkm gk fhmrjkbm gkb pblkeuk,

bns pblkeuks quk tlkjkj pbmjn vkrtlfmb y béjkm gk fhmrjkbm hnrlznjtmb sk bbmimj?

m) Cuzmjtks c) Mriöjlfns

f) Skfuickjtks g) Hnrlznjtmb jnrimb

6. Wnimjgn kj fukjtm bns íjeubns kjtrk dbmjfns (ljtkrblicns), imrquk mqukbbns

pblkeuks fuyn íjeubn sk kjfukjtrm kj kb ljtkrvmbn gk 50° m =30°.

m) Mprktmgns c) Fkrrmgns

f) Mclkrtns g) Vumvks

7. Jn fnrrkspnjgk m bm fbmsldlfmflöj gk pblkeuks quk sk cmsm kj bm ekniktrém

gk sus frkstms?

m) Pblkeuks gk Fhkvrnj c) Pblkeuks Vlilbmrks

f) Pblkeuks gk Fmom g) Pblkeuks Flbéjgrlfns

;. Kb pbmjn n supkrdlflk quk fnjtlkjk m bms béjkms gk fhmrjkbm gk uj pblkeuk sk

bbmim?

m) Pbmjn gk fhmrjkbm c) Pbmjn vkrtlfmb

f) Pbmjn gk dmbbm g) Pbmjn gk jmpm

4. Fumjgn ujm n vmrlms supkrdlflks pbmjms sk dbkxlnjmj pnr gkdnrimflöj, slj

rnipkrsk (gkdnrimflöj gÿftlb), sk dnrim uj?

m) Gìfnbbkimjt c) Ermckj

f) Pblkeuk g) Flzmbbmilkjtn

5. Kb pujtn iís cmon kj uj sljfbljmb sk bbmim?

m) Frkstm c) Tmbbk

=6
 

f) Pujtn gk ljdbkxlöj g) Pujtn gk fhmrjkbm

8. Bns pblkeuks quk tlkjkj íjeubns kjtrk dbmjfns (ljtkrblicns) kjtrk =30° y
=80°, sk bbmimj?

m) Vumvks c) Mclkrtns

f) Fkrrmgns g) Mprktmgns

<. Bns pblkeuks fnj frkstms y vmbbks fnipbktmikjtk mjeubmrks, fnj dbmjfns
pbmjns y sliìtrlfns sk bbmimj?

m) Fhkvrnj c) Cmjgms alja

f) Alja g) Flbéjgrlfns

=0. Wnimjgn kj fukjtm bns íjeubns ljtkrdbmjfns (ljtkrblicns), imrquk mqukbbns

pblkeuks fuyn íjeubn sk kjfukjtrm kj kb ljtkrvmbn gk 60° m 50°.

m) Mprktmgns c) Fkrrmgns

c) Mclkrtns g) Vumvks

==. Wnimjgn fnin cmsk kb kspksnr gk bms fmpms gk bns pblkeuks, sl bms fmpms
gkdnrimgms quk bns dnrimj tlkjkj bm ilsim dnrim y ekniktrém, sk gkjniljmj?

m) Pblkeuks mriöjlfns c) Pblkeuks glsmriöjlfns

f) Pblkeuks mjeubmrks g) Pblkeuks gk "hnjen"

=3. Bm béjkm quk ujk pujtns gk leumb kfhmgn kj bns pblkeuks sk bbmim?

m) Lsnbéjkm c) Lsöenjm

f) Lsnfrnjm g) Lsnyktm

=6. Bns pblkeuks kj bns quk bm fhmrjkbm cuzm (sk ljfbljm) gkcmon gk bms rnfms
flrfujgmjtks sk gkjniljmj pblkeuks?

=7
 

m) Flrfubmrks c) Ljvkrsns

f) Hujglgns g) Cuzmjtks

=;
 

Fukstlnjmrln 3. Bkm mtkjtmikjtk bms sleulkjtks fukstlnjks y fnjtkstk kj

dnrim fbmrm y fnjflsm.

=. Gkdljm bns sleulkjtks fnjfkptns?

m. Pblkeuk
Furv
Furvmt
mtur
urm
m qu
quk
k sk dn
dnri
rim
m kj uj tk
tkrr
rrkj
kjn
n fn
fnin
in rksu
rksubtbtmg
mgn
n gk ks
ksdu
dukr
krzn
zns,
s,
imyn
imynrl
rltm
tmrl
rlmi
mikj
kjtk
tk fnip
fniprk
rksl
slvn
vns,
s, mu
mujq
jquk
uk tmic
tmiclì
lìj
j pn
pngr
grém
émj
j gm
gmrs
rsk
k fn
fnin
in
fnjskfukjflm
fnjskfukjflm gk ksdukrzns glstkjslvns.

c. Mjtldnrik

Ks ujm kstrufturm eknböelfm föjfmvm hmflm mcmon n fnjvkxm hmflm mrrlcm slj
tnimr kj fnjslgkrmflöj bm kgmg gk bms rnfms.

f. Vljdnrik

Ks ujm kstrufturm eknböelfm föjfmvm hmflm mrrlcm n fnjvkxm hmflm mcmon slj
tnimr kj fnjslgkrmflöj bm kgmg gk bms rnfms.

g. Mjtlfbljmb

Pblkeuk fnjvkxn hmflm mrrlcm (fnj dnrim gk M imyÿsfubm) y kj fuyn jÿfbkn n

fkjtrn sk kjfukjtrmj bms rnfms iís mjtleums

k. Vljfbljmb

Pblkeuk föjfmvn hmflm mrrlcm (fnj dnrim gk [ imyÿsfubm) y kj fuyn ljtkrlnr sk

kjfukjtrmj bms rnfms iís rkflkjtks.

d. Injnfbljmb

Dbkxlöj n ljfbljmflöj kstrufturmb kj ujm snbm glrkfflöj, skikomjtk m uj ksfmböj,

kj znjms gnjgk prkgniljmj fmpms hnrlznjtmbks.

e. Mjtlfbljnrln
=4
 

Kstrufturm rkelnjmb fnj dnrim föjfmvm hmflm mcmon, gkdljlgm pnr uj fnjoujtn gk
pblkeuks mjtlfbljmbks y sljfbljmbks.

h. Vljfbljnrln

Kstrufturm rkelnjmb fnj dnrim fnjvkxm hmflm mcmon, gkdljlgm pnr uj fnjoujtn gk
pblkeuks mjtlfbljmbks y sljfbljmbks

l. Hninfbljmb

Dbkxlöj kstrufturmb kj ujm snbm glrkfflöj fnj kfhmgn ujldnrik, ks skikomjtk m

ujm rmipm.

3. Kxpblquk fuíbks snj bns pmríiktrns iís lipnrtmjtks quk ljdbuykj pmrm
quk sk dnrikj bns pblkeuks.

Bns pblkeuks sk nrleljmj prljflpmbikjtk pnr ksdukrzns gk fniprkslöj sncrk bms

rnfms quk jn bbkemj m rnipkrbms1 kj fmicln, fumjgn sé bn hmfkj, sk dnrimj bms
bbmimgms dmbbms. Pnr bn ekjkrmb sk uclfmj kj bns cnrgks gk bms pbmfms tkftöjlfms
y nc
nckg
kgkf
kfkj
kj m gns
gns tltlpn
pnss gk du
dukr
krzm
zms?
s? bmtk
bmtkrm
rmbk
bks,
s, nrle
nrlelj
ljmg
mgns
ns pn
pnrr bm prnp
prnplm
lm
ljtkrm
ljtkrmffl
fflöj
öj gk bms pbm
pbmfms
fms (fn
(fnjvk
jvkrek
rekjfl
jflm)
m) y vkr
vkrtlf
tlfmbk
mbks,
s, fni
fnin
n rks
rksubt
ubtmgn
mgn gkb
bkvmjtmilkjtn gkclgn mb dkjöikjn gk sucgufflöj m bn bmren gk ujm znjm gk
sucgu
cguff
fflö
löj
j ií
iíss n ikj
ikjns mip
mipblm
blm y mb
mbm
mremg
remgm,
m, kj bm quk sk bk
bkvvmjtmj
jtmj
bms fnrglbbkrms n rkblkvks gk pbkemilkjtns.

6. Kxpblquk fuíbks snj bns ikfmjlsins quk gmj nrlekj m bns pblkeuks.

Bns pbl
pblkeu
keuks
ks nfurrk
nfurrkj
j cmon
cmon ksduk
ksdukrzn
rznss fniprk
fniprkslv
slvns,
ns, kj fnj
fnjglf
glflnj
lnjks
ks gk mbt
mbtm
m
tkipkrmturm y mbtm prkslöj y gurmjtk bmrens pkrlngns gk tlkipn eknböelfn.

=5
 

7. Glcuok gk imjkrm ksqukiítlfm kj pbmjtm y skfflöj bns sleulkjtks fmsns

gk pblkeuks?

m. [j sljfbljmb rkfnstmgn

Pbmjn mxlmb fnj nrlkjtmflöj hnrlznjtmb

Kj pbmjtm Kj pkrdlb

c. [j mjtlfbljmb cuzmjtk

Kj pbmjtm Kj pkrdlb

f. [j sljfbljmb fhkvrnj

Pblkeuks tlpn Fhkvrnj sk fmrmftkrlstlfm pnr su pujtn gk fhmrjkbm iuy meugm,

fmsl slj furvmturm.

Kj pbmjtm Kj pkrdlb

g. [j mjtlfbljmb sliìtrlfn

=8
 

Kj pbmjtm Kj pkrdlb

k. [j mjtlfbljmb rkfuickjtk

Pblkeuk mjtlfbljmb fnj pbmjn y béjkm gk fhmrjkbm snj hnrlznjtmbks.

Kj pbmjtm Kj pkrdlb

;. Gkdljm bns sleulkjtks fnjfkptns?

m. Béjkm gk fhmrjkbm

Ks bm béjkm quk ujk bns pujtns gk iíxlim furvmturm gk uj pblkeuk y pmsm pnr 
bns pujtns gk fhmrjkbm.

c. Pbmjn gk fhmrjkbm

Ks pujtn gk iíxlim furvmturm gkb pblkeuk, vlstn kj skfflöj trmjsvkrsmb.

f. Frkstm

Ks kb pujtn iís mbtn kj bm supkrdlflk pbkemgm.

g. Pujtn gk ljdbkxlöj

=<
 

Pujtn gnjgk ujm supkrdlflk pbkemgm pmsm gk uj pblkeuk m ntrn n vlstn gk ntrm
imjkrm gk föjfmvm m fnjvkxm.

k. Tmbbk

Ks kb pujtn iís cmon kj bm supkrdlflk pbkemgm.

4. Kxpblquk bm lipnrtmjflm quk tlkjkj bns pblkeuks fnj rkbmflöj mb nrlekj

gk bms fmgkjms injtmýnsms.

Kb nrlekj gk bms ermjgks fmgkjms gk injtmýms kstí rkbmflnjmgn fnj bms

dukrzms nrneìjlfms, fuym kstrufturm injtmýnsm fnrrkspnjgk m uj eknsljfbljmb.
Pnr bn tmjtn, bms "vkrgmgkrms" fmgkjms gk injtmýms snj mqukbbms quk surekj m
pmrtlr gk ksk prnfksn y prkskjtmj ujm rkbmflöj kjtrk bm
b m kstrufturm gk bms rnfms y
su nrlekj.

Bns pblkeuks sk ekjkrmj mb inikjtn gk dnrimrsk bms fmgkjms injtmýnsms

ermflms mb invlilkjtn gk bms pbmfms tkftö
tkftöjlfms
jlfms gk bm Wlkrrm.

Bns eknsljfbljmbks
eknsljfbljmbks snj lipnrtm
lipnrtmjtks
jtks pnr?

Bms cmsks gk bm tknrém eknsljfbljmb dukrnj kstmcbkflgms kj bm skeujgm iltmg gkb

slebn XLX pnr kb eköbnen jknynrquljn Omiks Hmbb, kj uj trmcmon dminsn mfkrfm
gk bms dnrimflnjks pmbknznlfms gk bns Mpmbmfhks. Vkeÿj ìb, bns eknsljfbljmbks
fnrr
fnrrks
kspn
pnjg
jgkr
krém
émj
j m kx
kxtk
tkjs
jsms
ms zn
znjm
jmss gk sk
skgl
glik
ikjt
jtmf
mflö
löj
j imrl
imrljm
jm gk pn
pnfm
fm
prndujglgmg, kj bms quk nfurrlrém sucslgkjflm bkjtm y fuym prndujglgmg iíxlim
fnrrkspnjgk m ujm béjkm fkjtrmb quk ks kb kok gk bm gkprkslöj.

Kstms kstrufturms ljglfmj?

Ntrn ingkbn kstmrém rkbmflnjmgn fnj kb eknsljfbljmb gk tlpn mjgljn, kj kb fumb kb

tk
tkft
ftnj
njls
lsin
in hn
hnrlz
rlznj
njtm
tmbb ks rk
rkbm
bmtltlvm
vmik
ikjt
jtk
k pkqu
pkquký
kýn,
n, kx
kxfk
fkpt
ptn
n kj kb prls
prlsim
im
mfrkflnjmrln, bn fumb trmk fnin rksubtmgn kb bkvmjtmilkjtn gk bm fnrtkzm y bm
eìjksls gk ujm rméz cmon bms injtmýms gkb imeimtlsin msnflmgn fnj kb
prnfksn gk sucgufflöj.

30
 

5. Kxpblquk bm lipnrtmjflm quk tlkjkj bns pblkeuks fnj rkbmflöj m bms

mfuiubmflnjks gk sustmjflms gk ljtkrìs kfnjöilfn (pktröbkn, meum y
iljkrmbks).

Ermflms m bm prkslöj
prkslöj y dukrzms mftum
mftumjtks
jtks sncrk rnfms kbístlfms y pbístlfms
pbístlfms,, sk

ekjkrmj gkdnrimflnjks y erlktms pnr gnjgk skfukjflms gk imeim ljerksms y

sk glstrlcuykj pnr kstms, msé fnin bns pbkemilkjtns snj ljglspkjsmcbks pmrm
snjgmoks y bm lipnrtmjflm quk tlkjkj kj
kj bm lgkjtldlfmflöj gk ymflilkjtns.
ymflilkjtns.

8. Gksfrlcm bns frltkrlns príftlfns quk sk utlblzmj pmrm lgkjtldlfmr bns

mjtlfbljmbks y sljfbljmbks.

Kj fmi
fmipn
pn sk lgk
lgkjtl
jtldlf
dlfmj
mj pnr bms glsfnj
glsfnjtlj
tljulg
ulgmgk
mgkss blt
bltnbö
nböelf
elfms
ms y kst
kstruf
ruftur
turms
ms
gkdnrimgms pnr bms dukrzms gk fniprkslöj.

Bn frltkrlns mptns m skeulr snj?

3=
 

Bm nc
ncsk
skrv
rvmf
mflö
löj,
j, ljtk
ljtkrp
rprk
rktm
tmfl
flöj
öj gk gm
gmtn
tnss ks
kstr
truf
uftu
turm
rmbk
bks,
s, nrlk
nrlkjt
jtmf
mflö
löj
j y
ekjkrmbikjtk bm prk
prkgniljmjflm
gniljmjflm gk imtkrlmb rnf
rnfnsn
nsn p
pbístlfn
bístlfn gk
gktkriljmgn
tkriljmgn m
mjtks
jtks
kj kb bmcnrmtnrln.

Kj em
emcl
cljk
jktk
tk sk hmfk
hmfk kb rk
rkfn
fnjn
jnfl
flil
ilkj
kjtn
tn gk ek
eknd
ndnr
nrim
imss jm
jmtu
turm
rmbk
bks,
s, fnj
fmrmftkréstlfms gk gkdnrimflöj.

<. Kxpbl
xpblqu
qukk qu
quìì gl
gldk
dkrk
rkjf
jflm
lmss kxls
kxlstk
tkj
j kjtk
kjtk bns
bns in
injn
jnfb
fblj
ljmb
mbks
ks y bns
bns
hninfbljmbks.

PBLKE[KV
INJNFBLJMBKV HNINFBLJMBKV
Bbm
bmim
imgn
gnss fni
fninn pb
pblk
lke
euk kj
kj rng
rngllbbm
bbm Bbm
bmim
imgn
gn tmi
tmiclì
lìj
jp pblblk
keuk rmi
rmipm
Kstrmtns fnj bm ilsim ljfbljmflöj y Kst strm
rmtn
tnss quk sk lj ljfb
fbljljm
mj kj ujm
glrkfflöj y fnj pkjglkjtk sumvk. glrkfflöj fnj uj íjeubn ujldnrik.
Kj kstk fmsn ujn gk bns
db
dbmjf
mjfns
ns gkb pblkeu
pblkeuk
k prksk
prkskjtm
jtm
ujm kxtkjslöj Fmusmgm
ujm snbmpnrgbm rkfdbkxlöj
lrkf flöj kstrufturmb
fnj kfhmgk kj
jn
fnjslgkrmcbkikjtk imynr m bm
ujldnrik, ks skikomjtk m ujm rmipm
gkb ntrn dbmjfn.

Pnr ksn sk glfk quk pnskk uj

snbn dbmjfn
Gkjtrn gk su fbmsldlfmflöj kstíj bns
pblkeuks gk mfnrgköj, kj fndrk.
Kstí msnflmgn mb invlilkjtn gk dmbbms
sucymfkjtks

33