International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 1

GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

EXPERIMENT 4:
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

PRELAB

Name : Mai Nguyen Quoc

ID : BTBCIU16060

Last updated: 13/05/2016 by Assoc. Prof. Huynh Kim Lam and M.Sc. Le Nguyen Thien Phuc
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 2
GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

PRELAB QUESTIONS1
EXPERIMENT 4: CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
1. What are the objectives of today lab work?
There are 2 objectives of lab work today:
- Observing the effect of applying stresses on chemical systems at equilibrium
- Apply Le Chatelier’s Principle to explain the changes in the system
2. What is chemical equilibrium in a reversible chemical reaction? And when
the equilibrium state of a chemical reaction can be obtained?
Chemical equilibrium in a reversible chemical is at when the rate of the forward
reaction becomes equal to the rate of the backward reaction during the time.
A + B C + D : forward reaction
: backward reaction
The equilibrium state of a chemical reaction can be obtained when have no
agents that can shifting chemical balance, such as : a change in in concentration,
temperature or pressure.

3. Please define dynamic equilibrium and static equilibrium

Dynamic equilibrium is a state of reversible reaction that the ratio of reactants

or products change continuously, however, because the rate of substances is equal in
the reaction, there is no net change in dynamic equilibrium.
Static equilibrium is the state that there is no movement between reactants
and products.

4. Please describe factors that can disturb a reversible reaction at its

equilibrium state?

1
These questions help you understand the experiment. You will be asked randomly about these questions during
the Pre-class assessment and during the lab section
Please check submission deadline on BlackBoard

Last updated: 13/05/2016 by Assoc. Prof. Huynh Kim Lam and M.Sc. Le Nguyen Thien Phuc
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 3
GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

Have changing in the concentration ( reactants or products )

Have changing in the partial pressure of reaction. ( reactants or products )

Have changing in the temperature of reaction.

5. What is Le Chatelier's Principle about?

“If a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position

of equilibrium moves to counteract the change.”
Principle is about the trend to balance the effect of a change in conditions on
a chemical equilibrium including temperature, concentration and pressure

6. Please write the Equilibrium equation

aA + bB cC + dD

[C]c x[D]d
a b
Kc= [A] x[B] = const

7. Please fill out the following table

Reaction favors (reactants / Reaction lies to (left / center /

K Value
products) right)
K << 1 Reactants Left
K~1 Reactants and Products Center
K >> 1 Products Right

8. Please predict the outcome of today lab work and fill out the following table

Last updated: 13/05/2016 by Assoc. Prof. Huynh Kim Lam and M.Sc. Le Nguyen Thien Phuc
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 4
GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

System Description of
System name Predicted outcome
No. conditions
Initial solution Light Yellow
1 Acid/base equilibria + Conc. HCl Light Orange
+ 6N NaOH Yellow
None (control) Violet
Equilibria of acid/base 6M HCl Yellow
2
indicators 6M NaOH Blue
6M HCl Violet
None (control) Light brown
0.01M FeCl3 Darker red
0.01M KSCN Darker red
Brownish red
6M NaOH
Complex ion precipitate
3
formation Remains light brown
Cold
color
Remains light brown
Hot
color
0.1M AgNO3 White precipitate
Test tube 1:
White precipitate
0.1M Na2C2O4
Test tube 2:
White precipitate
Equilibria of + 0.1M H2C2O4
4
precipitation reactions Test tube 2:
Precipitate disappear
+ 6M HCl
Test tube 2:
White precipitate
+ 6M NH4OH
5 Temperature effects Nothing changed Blue
on equilibria (control)

Last updated: 13/05/2016 by Assoc. Prof. Huynh Kim Lam and M.Sc. Le Nguyen Thien Phuc
 International University, Vietnam National University - HCMC 5
GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

Hot water bath Blue

Ice-water bath Pink

Last updated: 13/05/2016 by Assoc. Prof. Huynh Kim Lam and M.Sc. Le Nguyen Thien Phuc