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Measure of Central Tendency
1. Mean
2. Median
3. Mode
Mean (Average)

Find Mean

92, 96, 104, 101, 105, 99, 97, 108


Mean (Average)

Find Mean

92, 96, 104, 101, 105, 99, 97, 108


Median (Middle Number)

S-1: arrange in ascending or descending order

S-2: Find Middle observation

Find Median?

92, 96, 104, 101, 105, 99, 97, 108


Arrange the data in ascending order

If number of observations are odd then

median is observation

If number of observations are even then

median in the average of and observation


Mode (Most Repeating Observation)

Find mode of all numbers appearing on this slide?

10, 20, 10, 30, 20, 42, 40, 37

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Mode (Most Repeating Observation)
Standard Deviation
Variance Deviation
Coefficient of Variance

The series having greater C.V. is said to be more variable or conversely


less consistent, less uniform, less stable, less homogeneous
Magic Table
Operations on xi Mean S.D. Variance

add K to each obv. add K unchanged unchanged

sub K to each obv. sub K unchanged unchanged

mul K to each obv. mul K mul K mul K2

div K to each obv. div K div K div K2


Type - 1 (Shortcut)
Let xi (1 ≤ i ≤ 10) be ten observations of a random variable X. If

where 0 ≠ p ∈ R, then the standard


JEE 2020
deviation of these observations is :

A. 4/5
B. √(3/5)
C. 9/10
D. 7/10
If then the standard

deviation of n observations x1, x2, ……………. xn is :


JEE 2020
A. a-1
B. √(n (a - 1))
C. n √(a - 1)
D. (a - 1)
If Then the standard deviation of the

9 items x1, x2, …….. x9 is :

A. 4 JEE Main - 2018


B. 2
C. 3
D. 9
Type - 2 Arithmetic Progression
If the variance of the terms in an increasing A.P. b 1, b2, b3,....... b11 is 90,
then the common difference of this A.P. is -

JEE 2020
If the mean deviation of the numbers 1, 1 + d, 1 + 2d, ………..
1 + 100d from their mean is 255, then d is equal to -
[2009]
A. 20.0
B. 10.1
C. 20.2
D. 10.0
Type - 3: Two observations missing
The mean and variance of 7 observations are 8 and 16 respectively. If 5
of these observations are 2, 4, 10, 12, 14, then the absolute difference of
the remaining two observations is :
JEE 2020
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
The mean and variance of 8 observations are 10 and 13.5 respectively.
If 6 of these observations are 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, 15, then the absolute
difference of the remaining two observations is :
JEE 2020
A. 9
B. 5
C. 3
D. 7
If the mean and standard deviation of the data 3, 5, 7, a, b are 5 and 2
respectively, then a and b are the roots of the equation :

A. x2 - 20x + 18 = 0 JEE 2020


B. 2x2 - 20x + 19 = 0
C. x2 - 10x + 19 = 0
D. x2 - 10x + 18 = 0
Type - 4: Magic Table
If three numbers a, b, c are related with equation b = a + c and d is
standard deviation of a + 2, b + 2, c + 2, then:

A. b2 = 3(a2 + c2) - 9d2 16th March 2021 - Shift


B. b2 = 5(a2 + c2) - 9d2
C. b2 = a(a + c)2 - d2
D. b2 = 5(a2 + ac + c2) - 9d2
Let A be a set of 2n terms are ‘a’ and n terms are ‘-a’. If b is added to
all 2n terms then its mean is 5 and standard deviation is 20. Then the
value of a2 + b2 is -

A. 625 18th March 2021 - Shift


B. 425
C. 525
D. 725
All the students of a class performed poorly in Mathematics. The
teacher decided to give grace marks of 10 to each of the students.
Which of the following statistical measures will not change even after
the grace marks were given ?
JEE Main - 2013
A. mean
B. median
C. mode
D. variance
Let x1, x2, ……………, xn be n observations, and let x be their arithmetic
mean and σ2 be the variance -
Statement 1 : Variance of 2x1, 2x2, ……. 2xn is 4σ2
Statement 2 : Arithmetic mean of 2x1, 2x2, ……. 2xn is 4x
[2012]
A. Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
B. Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct
explanation for Statement-1
C. Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not a
correct explanation for Statement-1
D. Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false
Let X = {x ∈ N : 1 ≤ x ≤ 17} and Y = {ax + b : x ∈ X and a, b ∈ R,
a > 0}. If mean and variance of elements of Y are 17 and 216
respectively then a + b is equal to :

A. 7 JEE 2020
B. 9
C. -7
D. -27
Type - 4: Wrong obs. is deleted
The average age of group of 25 teachers is 40 years. One teacher
aged 60 years left the group and one teacher aged ‘x’ years joins the
group. The new average age of the group is 39 years. The value of ‘x’
is :
18th March 2021 - Shift 1
A. 31 years
B. 32 years
C. 33 years
D. 35 years
The mean of the data set comprising of 16 observations is 16. If one of
the observations valued 16 is deleted and three new observations
valued 3, 4 and 5 are added to the data, then the mean of the resultant
data, is :
JEE Main - 2015
A. 15.8
B. 14.0
C. 16.8
D. 16.0
Type - 5: use of binomial
Consider the data on x taking the values 0, 2, 4, 8, …………. 2n with
frequencies nC0, nC1, nC2, ………. nCn respectively. If the mean of this data is
728/2n, then n is equal to -
JEE 2020
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