Workbook2 SRB Ed3

27,0!
7)
/3,
031363-5)7
$7+76 ,JMFN;OILDLINHENBM$O4NBFNIHFM$O@J'NDNOA6-)A6*2
0/39$3-67/492+/707"4917.5317615 9,0!7/79.54/595
'%$4%5
I:A= @ILHO!J1FKOMODJL>K#O>JK?NO>MHN3GOLHMNOKHML@NFHNO9A/*A8
I:2= HELJMCHFMOEK?K&MO4G<NJHFKOIN7MCK#O>LOJK1M?NO,NCHMCNOMBNI@NJ7NO9A/*28
I:.= D<KIMCKOGB<NJMHOHKO;NBN'KO;NO<J1FGO@J'NDGO9LFLOA//-8
I:)= LIDKI7MCNOFLCGOHGO7JIL<LJHFMO>JK@HENDIM7MOOG>GEMBMONGHEJMCHFLCO7NJM7MONJMCM
KJK;MCMOGO"K1OA//5=O<L@MIK

I: = M?MEJMCKONENJ7MHOL4CN03NDNO;N0ELOHGO!J7MOIN7MCNOMNFLOIK?NCGO@J'NDGO9A/6.8

I:*= %G?GIHFNO>KEM7MCNO;NOIN7MLINBIGOCK@INFLHEOGOJNIHMBDNIMCMO
OSupplex Libellus Valachorum 9A/5A8

I:/=OGJHFMO@LFG?KIEOLO JNI7GHFLCOJKDLBG7MCMO9A/568

I:6=OEM7NCO JNI7GHFKOJKDLBG7MCKOINOG1KIKO&G@KOCG<LMHEL1IKODJL>KO
O7-276+5.(7 (@N?NIEMLHNOLJNMHNO9A6--8

I:5=ONIMKHEO(BKFHNI@JNO>HMBNIEMCN#O41!76%76051/6364-7!32/ 9A62A8
I:A-=OLI;KJDNEMDIMO;N$EKDMO4LHNIHFM$OH>N$MCNO9A62*8
I:AA=ONEM0KJMOL@O!MB$NIK

I:A2=OLIOL@JG:JN<G0NIGOLOIN7MLINBILCO@J'NDMO9A6))8

I:A.=O,BNIOBMCKO!NJN0NIMINO;NOHEDNJN3KOHJ>HFL:HBLDKIHFL<O7NJHEDNOO 7#51-723)5
9A6))8

I:A)=ON7MLINBIMO;N$EKDMOGOJKDLBG7MCN?NOA6)6=

(=O+BLDKIN1FMO;N$EKDM
"=O7-)507"762714*76GHDLCKILOINODKBMFLCOINJL@ILCOHFG>0EMIMOGON<JK4GO
=ON7MLINBINO>KEM7MCNOFLCGOCKO>JM$DNEMBNOJG?GIHFNOINJL@INOHFG>0EMINOG
"BN'G#OJNIHMBDNIMCN
I:A =OMEJL>LBMEO,KENJOII ,KEJLDMOK<L0O>L@J'NDNOCG<LHBLDKIHEDLO9KEM3K#OA2=
?NJEOA6 -8

I:A*=OK;N@LDL&HEDLO4LHNIHFM$O$JM0NINO>L@OEGJHFL?ODBN0G#OM;O>KJN
JN3KDN1FL<OJNEJNO JNIKOGFMNO9A6 -8

I:A/=OH?NIHFMO7NJHFMO@KFJKEOFLCM?OHKO>JL<BN0NDNOCK@INFLHEO?KGO>L@NIM7M?N#O4K;
L4;MJNOINODKJGO9A6 *8

I:A6=OKFNO?M0&K3NOLO>BNIGO;NOLHIMDN3KO@DLCIKO4G<NJHFL:EGJHFKO@J'NDKO9A6*/8
(=O,JK@HENDFNOKIEJNBIL<OENCIL<O4G<NJHFL<OFL?MEKENOHGBENIGO(4@GBN;M;G
"=O%KNF7MCNO GN@:>N0K#O>JK?NO?K?LNJM?NOJMHEKO+EN?4LBHFL<O
I:A5=O,JLCKFNEOGCK@M3K3NO"G<NJNOMO+J4NOGOCG'ILHBLDKIHFLO7NJHEDLO>L@ODBN0GOHJ>:
HFL<OFIK;NOM$NMBNO4JKILDMNO9A6*/8
I:2-=O%GHFMOM;DK0ENCOLO>BNILDM?NO;NO;NCK@IM1FGOJGHFL:4G<NJHFGO@J'NDGO9A6*/8
I:2A=OOL@ILHGO>LBMEM1FKOHBL4L@KOMOIN7MCKOGOXIX DKFGOOGJK@IM1FMOFL?KIENJOG4KIN
NJNDKBLDNOGOBMHEGO04!4*7 9ILDK?4NJOA6*58
2689*8 +BLDKIMCN
ON4LJMO9A6*58

+(%(
I:22=O KJ?NIOFLCM?OCKOLHILDNINO"G<NJHFNOK<;NJ$MCNO9A6/-8
I:2.=O%K;GBENEMOMH>MEMDN3NOLO>JM>N@ILHEMO7JFDMOGO+FL>HFLCOMO$JM@HFLC
K>MHFL>MCMO9A6/)8
I:2)=OJMHELO"LEKD
ON0ELO"G<NJMOEJK4NO@NOHKO4LJKO;NOIN7MLINBIL
LHBL4LK3KO9A6/ 8
I:2 =O,LBMEM1FMO>JL<JN?OKIEJNBIL<O4G<NJHFL<O@L4JLEDLJIL<O@JG0EDN
9"GFGJK0E#OILDK?4NJOA6/*8
I:2*=O(B4NIHFNO>KH?NOIN>MHNINOGODJK?KO"KJBMIHFL<OFLI<JKHNO9A6/68
I:2/=O"KJBMIHFMO?MJLDIMOG<LDLJO9A6/68
$7+76 "NBFNIHFKO@J'NDKO>LHBKO"KJBMIHFL<OFLI<JKHN#OCGBOA6/6=
2689(8 !J1FNOM;?KGOGJHFKOMODJL>K=ONJMFNEGJNOM;OBMHENOAristophanes 9A6628
I:26=ON0ELO(B4NI7MO'KBKO;NHK4IGONB4NIHFGO@J'NDGO9A66*8
I:25=O+KN3NODNINONM:MFLBLDNOINOJN;<LDLJKOM;OA652=O<L@MIK#OFLCMOHG
@LDKBMO@LOHEDNJN3NO%O9A65.8
I:.-=OKFBNJN7MCNOFLCL?O%OL4NDK0ENDNODKBMFKOHMBKOLOL@BG7MO@N
;N>L1IKOLJG'NIMOGHENINFO9A5-.8
I:.A=O,LBMEM1FLOJK0K3KO?NFK@LIHFL<O>MEN3NO?LJNOHKOEJN'MEMOGOLFDMJG
H?NIHFL<O7NJHEDN=O+ENDOJHEKOMHMJFLDNO9A5-.8
I:.2=O,BNIO(GJKBNO=O,L>LDM7MCNO;NO>JKEDNJN3KO(GHEJLG<NJHFL<O7NJHEDNOG
K@KJNBIGO@J'NDGO>L@OM?KIL?O+CK@M3KIKOJ'NDKOKBMFKO(GHEJMCK
9A5-*8
I:..=O"JMENIHFMON?4NHN@LJOGOH?NIHFL?O7NJHEDGO>M0KOLO>LFG0NCM?N
(B4NIN7NO@NO@L4MCGODBNHEMEGOIN7MLINBIGO@J'NDGO9A5A28
26898 14,&75"567&!72.'5625%703.24.-36/67&42369A5A28OO<JNDGJNOM;OEL<
>KJML@N
I:.)=O!LDLJOK?NB:>N0KOGON?NHFGOLOL@ILHGOGJNFNOMO(JN>NO9A5A.8
I:. =O,JLCKFNEOM?MEJMCNO G>LDHFL<O;NOHEDNJN3KOHNDK;IKO4NBFNIHFK
@K?LFJNEHFKOJK>G4BMFKO9+NIFEO,KEKJ4GJ<OA5A/8
I:.*=OJHFNO@KFBNJN7MCNO9A5A/8OLO>JMI7M>M?NOGCK@M3K3NO+J4N#OJDNENOM
+BLDKIN7N
I:./=O,JL<BNHOG<LHBLDKIM?NO7JIL<LJHFL<OFJN&NOMFLBKO2-=OLFEL4JNOA5A6=
I:.6=O KEJINKHEOEN1NFNOM;O<LDLJNON?KJM1FL<O>JK@HK@IMFNOG@JLNOMBHLIN
9A5A68OOL@JK@4KOFLCKOHKOEM1GOCG<LMHEL1IKODJL>K
I:.5=O%K;LBG7MCNOIN7MLINBIKOHFG>0EMIKOGO(B4NOGBMCM#OL@BGFNOLOGCK@M3K3G
JNIHMBDNIMCKOHNO%G?GIMCL?O9A5A68
I:)-=O!LDLJOGBMCGONIMCGNOGOJG?GIHFLCOINJL@ILCOHFG>0EMIMOGO(B4NOGBMCM
9A5A68
$7+76 G<LMHEL1INODJL>NO>LHBKOLIKJKI7MCKO?MJNOGO,NJM;GOMOG<LDLJNOG
L;NIM#OA52.=
I:)A=O,JK@BL<O@NOHKOHEDLJMO?NFK@LIHFNO@J'NDNOHNOFNIELINBIL?
LJ<NIM;N7MCL?O>LOG;LJGOINODNC7NJHFGO9A5A58
I:)2=OMJM0FMOH>LJN;G?O!J1FKOMOGJHFKOLOM>JGO9A5 58
I:).=O JN3LOG?NIOHKO;NBN'KO;NOELO@NOHDNFNOIN7MCNOM?NO>JNDLOIN
DBNHEMEGO@J'NDGO9A5628
I:))=OKFBNJN7MCNOLOIK;NDMHILHEMOLHLDN
(=O@BGFNO+FG>0EMIKOLHLDN
"=O@BGFNONJL@IKOHFG>0EMIKO%K>G4BMFKO+J4MCK
$7+76 DJL>NO>LHBKOI HDKEHFL<OJNEN

(OO%(OO!+ O%,
0'-39$3-67/49044"4917.53176149,0!7/4
II789$+597%$4&+59,0!7/14930-715 7.5)4
II:A=ON7JEOGHENDNOM;O>KJNO%M<KOL@O KJKO9A/5/8
II:2=O!LDLJO"L'KO!JGCKDMNOINO>JDL?O;NHK@N3GO,JNDMEK&HEDGCG01K<O
HLDCKENO9A6- 8
II:.=O,MH?LOGFNONJNMNOFIK;GOMBL0GO4JKILDMGO9A6.28
II:)=O+J>HFMOGHENDOM;OA6. =O<L@MIKOOHEJGFEGJNODBNHEM
II: =O%G?GIHFMOGHENDOM;OA6**=O<L@MIKOOL>0EKOL@JK@4K
II:*=O,JLFBN?N7MCNOF3N;NOMFLBKOKJ7K<LD7M?NOCGINOA6/*=O<L@MIK
II:/=O"JMENIHFMON?4NHN@LJOGOHENI4GBGOLOHENDGOGJNFNO>JK?NOGHENDGO9A6/*8
II:6=OGJHFMOGHENDOM;OA6/*=O<L@MIK
II:5=O,JKHELINO4KHK@NOF3N;NOMFLBKO>LDL@L?O>JL<BN0K3NOGHENDNOJIK
!LJKO9A5- 8
II:A-=OBN@LEGJHFNO>JLFBN?N7MCNO9A5-68
N4KBNOA
O.-7036%5(776)/,43.-4#256014+5
N4KBNO2
045"564+-5,6+17076,&7.76/6%5(7(76)/,43.-4#256014+5
26898 J<OGHENDNOGO(EMIMO9A6*.8
II#890771%&39,0'+/3
II:AAOKMIM7MCNO@J'ND&NINOGO<J1FL?OHENDGOM;O>M@NGJGHNO9A6628
II:A2=OKMIM7MCNO@J'ND&NINOGO<J1FL?OHENDGOM;OJK;KINO9A62/8
II:A.=OKMIM7MCNO@J'ND&NINOGOHJ>HFL?OHENDGOM;OA6. =O<L@MIK
II:A)=ONFLIMFONIMBNOI#OFIK;NOJIKO!LJKOMO"J@N
II:A =O %K@KMIMHN3KO FNEK<LJMCKO @J'ND&NINO GO 1BNIGO /=O JG?GIHFL<O HENDN
9A6/58
II:A*=O+>LJN;G?OLO?N3MIN?NOFLCMOHGO>LE>MHNBKOHNDK;IM1FKOMO>JM@JG'KIK
@J'NDKOMO%G?GIMCNO9A5A58
II:A/=O%K@KMIMHN3KOFNEK<LJMCKO@J'ND&NINOGOJG?GIHFL?OHENDGOM;OA52.=
II/897.5)7959.0&/7
II:A6=ONJM<JN@HFNODNHK&KIHFNO>NEJMCNJ0MCNOLHGGCKOL4M1NCO@NOHKO@K7M
G?KHELO$JM0NIHFM$O@NCGOHENJL<J1FNOM?KINO9A6A58
II:A5=OKFNO?M0&K3NOLONGELIL?MCMO<J1FKO7JFDKOGOL@ILHGOINONJM<JN@HFG
DNHK&KIHFGO>NEJMCNJ0MCGO9A6..8
(=OKLFBKEO NJ?NFM@KH#O>JMHENBM7NONGELIL?MCK
"=OLIHENIEMIOFLIL?LH#O>JLEMDIMFONGELIL?MCKO
II:2-=OKFJKEOLOGH>LHEND&N3GODBNHEMOHMIL@NOGO%G?GIHFLCO>JNDLHBNDILC
7JFDMO9A6*)8
II:2A=OL?KIENJOJNI7GHFL<OILDMINJNONJBNOJMCNJEKNOINOHENDLDK
>JNDLHBNDIM$OMOFNELBM1FM$OHDK0EKIMFNOLOL@ILHGOM;?KGODKJKOM
IN7MCKOGO"LHIMO9A6/ A6/*8
II:22=O"G<NJHFMOGHENDOM;OA6/5=OLO>LBL'NCGO"G<NJHFKO>JNDLHBNDIKO7JFDK
II:2.=OM0&K3KOMFLBKO,N0MNOLOL@ILHGOHJ>HFL<OINJL@NOMO>JNDLHBNDIK
7JFDKO9A65-8
II:2)=OHEL1IL:>JNDLHBNDINOJKBM<MCNOFNLO@J'NDINOJKBM<MCNOGOJILCO!LJM
:2)N=@JK@4KOLODCKJLMH>LDMCKHEMOM;OHENDNO3N'KDMIKOJIKO!LJKOA5- =
II-89107%+0'&+'07917.53176149,0!7/4
II:2 =OIN1NCOJN;DLCNO;NINENO;NO?NBGOIN7MCGOO>JM?KJO!J1FKO9A6)A8

+(%(
26898 ,LDK;NILHEO@J'NDIKO>JMDJK@KOHNO>JK@HENDN?NOLOIN7MCMOO>JDNO
ILD1NIM7NOL@O --O@JN$?MOFLCGOCKOM;@NBNON7MLINBINO4NIFNO!J1FKO9A6)A8
II:2*=OBL<NO'KBK;IM7KOGOCN1N3GOIN7MLINBIKO@J'NDKOO>JM?KJO%G?GIMCKO9A6/58
II:2/=OM0&K3KO4G<NJHFL<OFIK;NO(BKFHNI@JNO"NEKI4KJ<NO9A6/5A66*8OL
;IN1NCGO'KBK;IM7KO9A6/5A66A8
II:26=O>MHO4G<NJHFKO'KBK;IM7KOFJNCK?OXIX DKFN
II:25=O"G<NJHFMO;NFLIOLO?KJN?NO9A6658
26898 LDKOEK$ILBL<MCKOMOIN7MLINBIMOHM?4LBMOOJKFBN?NO;NO0MDNK
?N0MIKO9!J1FN#OFJNCOXIX DKFN8
II,892+/707"4917.5)4
II:.-=ON>LHEND&N3KO$JDNEHFL<OCK;MFN#OL>NHFKODNINOGFG&KDMNO9A6).8
II:.A=OIN1NCOCK;MFNO;NOM@KIEMMFN7MCGOHOIN7MCL?OO?M0&K3KO+BLDKIN7N
9A6*A8
II:.2=OO;IN1NCGOCK;MFNO;NOM@KIEMEKEO%G?GIN#OM;O>KJNOMEGONCLJKHFGN
9A6**8
II:..=O,KEM7MCNO$JDNEHFL<O+N4LJNO JN3MOLHMGO;NOLHIMDN3K
G'ILHBLDKIHFKONFN@K?MCKOINGFNOMOG?KEILHEMO9A6*/8
26898 N7MLINBILO>L;LJM0EKOGO"GFGJK0EGOOJN;<BK@IM7NO9FJNCOIODKFN8
II:.)=OIN1NCOCK;MFNOMOF3M'KDILHEMOGOJN;DLCGOIN7MCNOOM;DL@OM;OHENEGEN
JG0EDNO;NOL4CND&MDN3KO@KBNONB4NIHFKOF3M'KDILHEMO9A6/58
II:. =O,MH?LO?NFK@LIHFM$OHEG@KINENOGO+NIFEO,KEKJ4GJ<GOLO?NFK@LIHFL?
F3M'KDIL?OCK;MFGO9A5-28
II:.*=O,BNILDMO@NOHKO>L4G@KOIN7MLINBINOLHKN3NO%G?GINOGOJNIHMBDNIMCM
O>MH?LO@JOJN<KHFGNOG>GKILO?MBMCMO%N7MCGO9A6/)8
II:./=O,BNIO;NOFLIHLBM@LDN3KONB4NIHFL<OIN7MLINBIL<O>LFJKENOO>MH?L
ILDMINJNO NMFNOLIM7KO4NJLIGO!LBG$LDHFL?O9"JMHKB#OA65/8
II:.6=O>GEHEDNO;NO>JK@NDN3KOMHELJMCKOGO!J1FLCO9A66A8
2689=OK7NOL@KDKINOGOMHELJMCHFKOIL03KO9!J1FN#OLFLOA6/ 8
II:.5=O,LFG0NCO@NO%G?GIMCNO@L4MCKOHDLCOIN7MLINBIMOH>LJEO9A6568
26898 M>BL?NOG1KHIMFNOGOH>LJEHFL?OENF?M1K3GOHJK@3L0FLBN7NOG
LJ<NIM;N7MCMOBMHENOGazet SporturilorO9%G?GIMCNOM;?KGO@DNOJNEN8
II:)-=O;O%NH>MHNOMIMHENJHEDNO>JLHDCKEKOMO7JFDKIM$O@CKBNOJIKO!LJK
A5-6=O<L@MIK
II:)A=O(B4NIHFMOFJN&OL<GOI LO;IN1NCGODLCIKOL4NDK;KO;NOHEDNJN3KOIN7MCK
9A5268
2689*8 %G?GIHFMO@K1N1MOL@KDKIOFNLODLCIMFO9A5A*8
II:)2=OM&OL4JN;LDN3NOGOGJHFLC#O>JK?NOH$DNEN3GOMCKO!LFNB>NO9A5A)8
II:).=O,JLEMDIM7MOFJMEMFGCGO(ENEGJFLDGO>LBMEMFGO>LO>MEN3GOMHELJMCKOM
CK;MFNO9>JMDNEIMO@IKDIMF#OA5.2=O<L@MIN8
II:))=ON$?G@OHN@O"L;FGJEOLOIN7MLINBMHEM1FLCOHG0EMIMO
(ENEGJFLDKOJKDLBG7MCK
0449$3-67/497.531761495,4363-5)4
III789
+79)4917.5)7
III:A=O,JNDNOMOL4NDK;KOJG?GIHFKOIN7MCK#O>LOH$DNEN3GO>KHIMFNOMO>LBMEM1NJN
M?MEJMCNO"LBMIEMIKNIGNO9A6*58
III:2=O4CN03K3KO0ENOCKOINJL@O>JK?NOCK@IL?OHJ>HFL?OG4KIMFGO9A6/-8

(OO%(OO!+ O%,
III:.=O@JKK3KOIN7MCKO>LOMCMO!LFNB>GO9A52.8
III:)=O,LM?N3KOIN7MCKOFL@OGHENKOK?NB:>N0K
(=OIN1NCOJKBM<MCKOELFL?OJNENO9A52-8
"=OGBEGJNO9A5228
=OK@MIHEDLO9A52)8
!=OL>0ENDN3KOMO>LCK@ILHEND&MDN3KO9A5258
III#892733,044"4
III: =O"MEMO"G<NJMIOO,KH?NO/,71326.7(#ODNINON;LDNO9A5A/8
III:*=O"MEMO(B4NIN7OO?M0&K3KO,N0FNONHKO9A6/58
2689**8 N7MCNOGOHBMFN?NOOHBLDKIN1FNOJN;<BK@IM7NO9>L1KENFOXX DKFN8
2689*(8 N7MCNOGOHBMFN?NOOJG?GIHFNOJN;<BK@IM7NO9>L1KENFOXX DKFN8
III:/=O"MEMOGJ1MIOO?M0&K3KO@JO%M;KOGJNO9A5.28
III:6=O"MEMO+BLDKIN7OOM?MEJMCKO%G>KBOLOINJNDMO+BLDKIN7NO9A56/8
III:5=O+KN3NO!KLJ<NOLIKHFG:!MLINO9A6658OOJG?GIHFMOHK&N7MOHKOIK
>LMHELDKGCGOHNOHDLCL?OIN7MCL?
III:A-=OL'MD&NCO=O=O"JKMBHLJ@NO9A5- 8OOGONFK@LIMCMOHKOIK
>LMHELDKGCGOHNOHDLCL?OIN7MCL?
2689*8 "LHNIHFL$KJ7K<LDN1FMO>NDM&LIOINOKGINJL@ILCOM;BL'4MOGO,NJM;G
9A5--8
III/897.53176179 174"7
III:AA=O%M<NOL@O KJKOO>JK@BL<O;NHENDKOMO;IN?K3NO!J1FKO9A/5/8
2689*8 NHENDNO<J1FL<OLHEJDNO,HNJKOELFL?O%NENO;NOIK;NDMHILHE#OINOFLCLC
HELCMO>NJLBNO+BL4L@NOMBMOH?JE#OFJHEOMOHM?4LBMOENCIL<O@JG0EDN
MBMFMOKEKJMCN
2689*8 %G?GIHFNO;NHENDNO4GFGJK0ENIHFKO<JN@HFKO<NJ@KO;NOINE>MHL?O+IN<N
M;DMJKOM;OCK@MIHEDNO9A6*/8
2689*8 NHENDNOMO<J4OJN&KDMIKO+J4N#OJDNENOMO+BLDKIN7NO
OJN&KDMIKOG<LHBNDMCKO9L@OA5258
III:A2= IN1NCONB4NIHFKO;NHENDK#O<LDLJOK>MHFL>NO NIO+EMBMCNIOLBMCNOIN
>L<JK4GO NMFNOLIM7KO9A5)28
2689*8 NIN03KO;NHENDKO;K?N&NOCG<LMHEL1IKODJL>K
III:A.=OM?IK
(=O!J1FNO$M?INO9A62.8
"=OJDNEHFNO$M?INO9A6. 8
=O(B4NIHFNO$M?INO9A5A28
2689*8 HELJMCNEO@J'NDIL<O<J4NO"G<NJHFKOL@OA/)A=O<L@MIKO@LO@NINH
2689*8 +J>HFMO<J4O>JK?NOIN7JEGO,NDBNO%MEKJNOMEK;LDMNO9A/-A8
2689(8 !J4OJN&KDMIKO+J4MCKO9LHN?@KHKEKO<L@MIKOXIX DKFN8
2689(*8 !J4OJN&KDMIKOJIKO!LJK#OA5- =
2689((8 $42713)7636*17076OJG?GIHFNOJN;<BK@IM7NOHNOBMFL?OFJN&N
NJLBNOI 9A6**:A5A)8
III:A)=O,LFG0NCO@NOHKOGO!J1FLCOGDK@KOINJL@INOIL03NO9A6).8
2689(8 +J>HFNOHK&NIFNOGOEJN@M7MLINBILCOIL03MO9A6* 8
N4KBNO.
O 170236+17%2336/6.7*7"3(6*1707(76)/,43.-4#256014+5
III-897.531761795+363-5)7
2689(8 +BMFLDILO>JK@HEND&N3KOIN7MCK

+(%(
(=O&4!4*276/,71.'76OBMEL<JNMCNO!KLJ<MONI1LDNO9A6/58
"=O JNI7GHFKOJN;<BK@IM7KOINOFLCM?NOHGO>JK@HEND&KIKO+J4MCNOMOJIN
!LJN
III:A =OHELJMCHFMOFLJKIMO?NFK@LIHFKOIN7MCKOOLJMO,GBKDHFM#O76$7'5*425
9A6/58
2689(8 KJLCMOMHELJMCKOFNLOHNDJK?KIMOG;LJM
(=OKLIM@N#OFJN&OGO@JKDILCO+>NJEM#O>LJG1GCKO,KJHMCNI7M?NO@NOHKOIKK
>JK@NEM
O

9LMEKOMOHN?MOG;?MEK8#OHBMFNOM;O<J1FL<
G4KIMFNO9A5-A8
"=O,L<M4MCNONHKO NJN>MNO>JMBMFL?OLHDNCN3NO4KL<JN@HFKOEDJNDKOA6-*=
OHBMFNO(INHENHNOLDNILDMNO9A6A/:A6558
III:A*=O+KN3KO@JO%M;KOGJNOLOGEM7NCGOINJL@IM$O>JM1NOLOCGIN7M?N
2689(8 +M?4LBM1FLO>JK@HEND&N3KO>LBMEM1FM$O@L<NNCN
(=O124,41.'36/.-727' OHBMFNOGJKONF0MNO9A6.2:A6/68
"=O)5*3"5276/,71.'76
6HBMFNOMFLBNCNO,NDBLDM1NO9A66 8
III:A/= %G?GIHFMO;NFLIOLOL1GDN3GOGH>L?KIKOINOINJL@IGO$KJLMIGOFNEKJMIG
KL@LJLMCGO9A52A8
2689(8 %G?GIHFMO>BNFNEO>LDL@L?O/-O<L@MINOL@OLHIMDN3NO?L@KJIKO@J'NDK
9A5258
2689(= JDNEHFNO>L0ENIHFNO?NJFNOHNOBMFL?OHBNDIL<OFL0NJFN0NOJN'KIN
,KEJLDMNO9A55)8
III:A6= +NDJK?KIMOMHELJM1NJOLOMHELJMCMONB4NIHFL<O<J4NO92---8
4+/0+39$3-67/492'&3#917.531765%+5&5 95,4363-5)7
IV789,4363-5)49&3)49%'9,3$05146495 7 5/7"'9%'&3#7
IV:A= N7MLINBIKO>JK@JNHG@KO>JK?NOK?7M?NOGOJDNEHFLCO9A6**8
IV:2= N0ELOCKO@JO%M;NOGJOL@4MLO@NOHKOL'KIMOHEJNIFM3L?O9A5A-8
IV:.= KFMO>L<BK@MOINO<J1FGO(5,7&563*5763*5)7605&3'561#'5 OJN;<LDLJ
>JLKHLJNOMFLBNLHNO+NJM>LBLHNOMOFJN&NOLJNOI 9A6//8
IV:)= HELJM1NJO(BKFHNI@JGO=OHKIL>LBOLOJG?GIHFL?OIN7MLINBIL?O>JLHELJG
9A6668
IV: = N7MLINBIKO>L@KBKOGOEGJHFL?O>NJBN?KIEGO9A5-6A5A)8
IV:*= ,JL<BNHMONIEMFLBLIMCNBIKO4LJ4KOFM>NJHFM$O!JFNO9A5 8
IV#8931&04+159%'&3#5
IV:/= +ECK>NIO%N@M#O45(4627/6107-.'/6*4(4032/6/2/-716)/,4.&4052.'5

%7)5*23569A5A68
IV:6= ,JL<BNHO+J4N#OJDNENOMOGHBM?NINOM;O"LHIKO9A5).8
IV:6N=O@BGFNOKBMFKOINJL@IKOHFG>0EMIKO9,L@<LJM1FKOHFG>0EMIK8#O
A.=OILDK?4NJOA5A6=
IV:64=O;OKFH>L;KNO7JIL<LJHFL<O@KBK<NENO(IENO!DL;@KILDMNO>JK@OJ$LDIM?
DMCKK?#OLIKJKI7MCNO?MJNOGO,NJM;GOO =OIII A5A5=O<L@MIK
IV:5= KFBNJN7MCNO,JDL<O;NHK@N3NO(IEMN0MHEM1FL<ODKNOINJL@IL<
LHBL4LK3NONFK@LIMCKO9A5))8
IV:A-= K0FLKONIEMFLBLIMCNBIKO4LJ4KOINOM>JGOA5 A5 5#ONINBM;NO!KLJ<MCN
!JMDNHN#ODLKO(O9M<KIMH8
2689(= (>KBOM>JNOCK@M3KIM?OIN7MCN?NO9HJK@MINOODKFN8
IV:AA= ,KJH>KFEMDKOBKDM1NJHFKO>NJEMCKOFM>NJHFM$O!JFNO9(8O9A5 8

(OO%(OO!+ O%,
IV:A2= M>NJHFMOGJ7MO>JLEMDO(#OA5*-=O
IV:A.= M&KDMO$JDNEHFL<O>JL&KN#OFNFLOM$OHKOHKNO>MHN7OBN@LO!LELDN7
IV:A)=OK?LJNI@G?O+J>HFKONFN@K?MCKOINGFNOMOG?KEILHEMO9+(8#OA56*=
IV:A = +ENDO+BLDKIN7NOLO>MEN3GOCK;MFNOGOFL?GIMHEM1FLCOG<LHBNDMCMOA56/=

IV:A*= NCHFNO@KFBNJN7MCNO+BLDKIN1FL<O@K?LFJNEHFL<OHNDK;NO9A5658

IV:A/= G@4NBOMOIN7MLINBM;N?OOHKN3KOCK@IL<O$JDNEHFL<OINDMCN1NOLO>GELDN3G
INOGENF?M7GO,NJEM;NIOOMIN?LO9A5658

IV:A6= +>MHNEK&M7NOG4JNDFNO<JK0MOLHGGCKO>L@KBKOMOJNELDKO@KDK@KHKEM$

IV:A5= @ILHO$JDNEHFL<OMOHJ>HFL<OCK;MFNOO?M0&K3KO$JDNEHFL<OBMI<DMHEK
+ECK>NINO"N4MNO92--.8
IV:2-= %KNF7MCNOINO>JMFN;MDN3KOHJ>HFL<OMB?NOHNO$JDNEHFM?OEMEBLDM?NO9A5558
IV:2A=O%NH>LBGKIMOM@KIEMEKEOCK@IKO?BN@KOJDNEM7K
IV/8904/7 567!4"4917.531765 7

IV:22= MJFLOLDN1OLOIN7MLINBM;?GO2-AA=O<L@MIK

IV:2.= >0EMOLFDMJIMOH>LJN;G?O;NO?MJOGO"LHIMOMOKJ7K<LDMIMO
9A55 8

IV:2)= +>LJN;G?ONNJHFKOMO%G?GIMCKOLOJN;G?KDN3G#OHNJN@3MOM
@L4JLHGHK@HFM?OL@ILHM?NO9A55*8

IV:2 = ;CN03NDN3KO%G?GINOMONNJNOLO?KGHL4IM?OL@ILHM?NOGO>L@JG1CM?NOH
?K0LDMEM?OHENILDIM0EDL?O92--A8

IV:2*= FDMJIMO$JM@HFMOH>LJN;G?OFLCM?OCKOLFLI1NIOLJG'NIMOHGFL4OG
NFK@LIMCMO92--A8

IV:2/= +>LJEOFNLOIN1MIO@NOHKO>JKDN;MKOIN7MLINBM;N?=OM>NJHFMO!J7MOINDMCNCG
;NOBLFNBIMOEM?OFM>NJHFM$OGJNFNO92--.8

IV:26= DNO?M0&K3NOLO4JMHN3GO;KBKIKOBMIMCKOFLCNO@KBMO<J1FMOL@OEGJHFL<
@KBNOM>JNO92.=ON>JMBO2--.8

(=OM0&K3KOMFLHNO(INHENHMCGN#O>LHEND&KILOINOMIEKJIKEG
"=OGJHFMOG1MEK&OM;O N?N<GHEKOL>MHGCKO>LHKEGO>LJL@M7MOFM>NJHFM$O!JFN
92--.8
26898 MIMCNOJN;@DNCN3NO9;KBKINOBMIMCN8OGOMFL;MCMO92--.8

5#653-075)7

IAHEGCL,BEI<C7L?KILJL:GKDGJLAHILGHHBEI<F?I;LFBHDK7L8JGHLGK9J@H5L(ALXIX BH?K7LGK9JIGK=JL/
FLDJ8?HLJAHI=I;J@HLFCLDI=J?ILFGK4GHLAKLCF>HEKBK@CLAH=K2HLBH=J?J3L;EC<KL0CAJLJLCDJ8CLGK
*CG?9JIGJFK2HLAE4KBK5L&LDI>L<I;=HACL@C;IJFDI8GKL,BEI<KLGJ@HLJ:C:HDK?5L$KLDI>L<IAEC8C@C
@HLDI?I>LXIX BH?KLGKFDK=IL<HDLGK9JIGK=GJ3LAE4KBK5L$H?HLFCL6J=HLGIBH7LFDBIEHGHLGKLDHEJDIL/
EJL@JL ?I@KL @HL <EHD3IAGIL 6J=KL <IAL DCEF?I>L B=K1+CL L DIL FCL 'E6J@KL ;AHL @HL 6IE6KL :KL F=I6IAC
<I8H=KL-) 5L;IAJGH7LAE4KBGIFDL<IFDH<HGILFDJ9KGKLIAL-)-
5LAIL-) 5L;IAJGH7LKL*IE>K=GK
GHL:KBJFGIFDLJ:BI@HBKGKL-))7LE8?KL;AHL@HLIF=I6IAJ=K8?KL6IE6KL<I8H=KL-)-7LKLGH:KBJF/
GIFDLFDH8HGKL-) LJLC;KEF?KL;AHL@HLAILCFDKG?KL<EIDJBLCEK?KLAI1=IL-)5L;IAJGH7LAE4KBK
<EI;=K1HGKL-))7LKLGH:KBJFGIFDL-# )5LEC;HLFCLGKFDK=HLIALBK:K=F?J3L3EJ1+KGF?J3L?GHL4HL/
BJLGKLCLI?BJECL(F>KGF?I;L9KEFDBKLLC>CGJ@KL*IE>JEKGKLC@HAJ2H2H>L=K1?HLJLI=AKBJ@H
-)
#7LGH:KBJFGIFDLFDH?=KL-)-))LJLEGKLIEKLKCDIGI>GKLDHEJDIEJ@KLGKL8J@H>L@HL8H=CLIA
XVIII BH?KL B=KAJ?K7L KL ?I@KL -)
5L <IFDK@HL GKF=HAGKL ?GH4HBJGK7L KL GH:KBJFGIFDL FDJ8HL -))5
I8HD?I>L XX BH?KL FCL GKFDK=HL @I1L ABHL GK9JIGK=GHL AE4KBHL =6KGJ@KL -#--#-7L <IF=H
6K=?KGF?J3LEKDIBK7LJLCEF?K7LEKF<KAI>L(F>KGF?I;L9KEFDBKL<IF=HLEBI;LFBHDF?I;LEKDKLIA
-#-#5L ;IAJGHL <IFDI@JL GK9JIGK=GKL B=KAK7L K=JL @HL H<C6=J?KL CEF?KL :BKGJ8GIL <EI;=K1HGK
-#5L ;IAJGH5L EJDKGF?KL ?I=IGJ@KL J<KEL @HL GH:KBJFGKL AE4KBKL IAL -# 5L ;IAJGH7L KL ?KAKL FH
EKF<K=KLC;IF=KBJ@K7L-##-5L;IAJGH7LGKFDK=IL@HLGH?I=J?ILGIBJ3LAE4KBKL'=IBHGJ@K7L EBKDF?K7
LK?HAIGJ@KLJLIFGKLJL HE9H;IBJGK5L'E6J@KLJLEGKLIEKL-##5L*IE>JEK=HLFCL'KBH:GC
HL<C6=J?CL C;IF=KBJ@C7L ?I@KL @HL 5L ;IAJGHL EHAH*JGJFKGKL JL <EI>HGJ=KL GK:JBL CL 'E6J@KL J
EGKLIEK5L(AL 5L'E6J@KLJLEGKLIEKLFCLGH:KBJFGHLAE4KBH5
$KEKBGI7LGK9JIGK=GHLAE4KBHLGJFCL6J=HLGJLEKGJ@H7L?KIL1DILGJFCLGJLFKAL@HAJGJLDJ<LAE4KBH
CL@C;IJFDI8GI@L,BEI<J5LIFDI@K=HLFCLJLBJ1HGK9JIGK=GHLAE4KBHLJLAEC;JLBJAIBJL>C=DJHDGJ8L/
?J3LAE4KBK7LKL>GI;HLGK9J@HLAC;ILGJFCLJ>K=HLFI<FDBHGCLAE4KBC5L%<K?7LJFDIEJ@CLDI;L<IAEC8@K
I6=JL?IBKIL @HL F=I4HGJL IAGIFL J:>H.CL GK9J@HL JL AE4KBH7L KL GK9JIGK=GHL AE4KBHL FCL <IFDK=H
@HAGILIALIFGIBJ3LI6H=H4@KL@C;IJFDI8GHL,BEI<H5L&<E?IFL8J2HGJ9JLAKLFCLDHLAE4KBHLEH=KDJBL/
GIL>=KAHLCL<IEH.H2CLFLAEC;J>LHBEI<F?J>LAE4KBK>KL?KIL1DILFCL EKG9CF?K7L<KGJ@KLJLEJL/
DKLGJ@KLL>KAKLFC7LJLDILDEH6KLHGCDJ7L'E6J@KLJLE8?KL*IE>JEKGHL?KILGK9JIGK=GHLAE4KBH
<EHL%DK=J@HLJ=JL$H>K8?H7L2J3IBKLGHFDK6J=GIFDLJLGH<EHFDKGJLFC?I6JLGKLGK9JIGK=GI@LIFGIL/
BJLIAL?0C8GI;LFCL:GK8K@KL:KL9H=I?C<GJLJFDIEJ@F?JLEK:BI@L@C;IJFDI8GHL,BEI<HLDI?I>L<IF=HA/
2KLABKLBH?K5
H+JGKL FDKGIBGJ?KL @C;IJFDI8GHL ,BEI<HL F>KDEKL AKL @HL HDGJ8?JL AH*JGJFKGKL GK9JIGK=GK
AE4KBKL "GIE>K=KG!L I6=J?L AE4KBGHL IE;KGJ:K9J@H5L CAJL FL DI;L <IAEC8@KL FCL GKC8HGJL AKL FH
<IJFDIBH+C@CL FKL "FBI@I>!L GK9J@I>L JL AKL FHL 6IEHL :KL CF<IFDKB0K2HL JL IA6EKGCL GK9JIGK=GH
AE4KBH5LE4KBHL@C;IJFDI8GHL,BEI<HLFCLGKFDK=HLBE=IL?KFGI7LDHLFCLFDI;KLJFDIEJ8KEJLJL<I=JL/
DJL8KEJL<I?C1KBK=JLAKLIFGK4HLFBI@L=H;JDJ>JDHD7LAI?K:C@C+JLAKL<IFDI@JLGH<EH?JGCDL?IGDJGC/
JDHDLJ:>H.CLFKBEH>HGHLAE4KBHLJLKGDJ8?HLJJ=JLFEHA2IBH?IBGHLAE4KBHLJLAKLGKLDK@LGK8JG7
CLJAHI=I1?I>LGKA>HDK2CLFKLGK9J@K>KL?I@HLFCLFDBKEGJLJ=JL<IDHG9J@K=GJLEJBK=J7LAI?K4CLAK
FCL"FDKEJ@J!7LDIL@HFD7LAKLFCL"6J=JL<EBJ555!5L&LDI>L?IGDH?FDCLJFDIEJ@KLFBK?I;LGKEIAKL8HFDIL@H
<EJ?K:JBKGKL ?KIL 6IE6KL :KL GK9JIGK=GHL JAHK=H7L 6IE6KL FKL 9J0H>L AKL FHL FDBIEJL GK9JIGK=GK
AE4KBKLFBJLJFDIEJ@F?JLAI;K.K@JLJL<EI9HFJ7L?KILJLFBHLJFDIEJ@F?HL=J8GIFDJ7L<EI9H2JBKGJLFC
FLI6:JEI>LGKLAI<EJGIFL?I@JLFCLAK=JLIFDBKEH2CLGK9JIGK=GI;LJAHK=K5L%F?EJB0HGHLJFDIEJ@L/

&(
F?HL<IBHFDJLFCL?IEJ1+HGHL:KL@K8K2HLGK9JIGK=GI;L@HAJGFDBKLJL<IAFDJ9K2HL>IAHEGJ:K9J@H
AEC1DBK5L%FDIEJ@KDL>IAHEGJ:K9J@HL<CGL@HL:GK8K@GJ3LCF<H3KLJL?KDKFDEI*K=GJ3L<EI>K1K@K7LJ
GK9JIGK=GHLAE4KBHL@C;IJFDI8GHL,BEI<HL>IEK@CL<EHC:HDJLIA;IBIEGIFDL:KLFBHLFDKB?HLCLJFDIL/
EJ@F?I>L6J=KGFC5L%<K?7LHBJAHGDGIL@HLAKL@HLJFDIEJ@KLJL:=IC<IDEH60KBKGKL?K?IL6JLFHLGKLEIA
I?EHGCIL<EIDJBLEK:GJ3LCGCDEK12J3LJJ=JLF<I0K12J3LGH<EJ@KDH0K7L6J=JLIGJLFDBKEGJLJ=J
J:>J10HGJ5L '?IEK12JL AI;K.K@JL CL 6JB1I@L C;IF=KBJ@JL <I?K:C@CL AKL @HL DK?BKL <I=JDJ8?K
:=IC<IDEH6KL JFDIEJ@HL AI<EJGH=KL J:6J@K2CL EKDKL JL EKF<JEJBK2CL >E42HL >H.CL <I@HAJGJ>
GK9J@K>KLJLHDGJ8?J>L;EC<K>K5
EIC8KBK2HL GK9JIGK=J:>KL @HL CL <IF=HA2HL BEH>HL AK=H?IL IA>K?=I5L %FDIEJ8KEJL JL FI9J/
I=I:JL JFDEK4C@CL FDEC?DCEGHL ?I><IGHGDHL GK9JIGK=GHL AE4KBHL JL 2J3IBL JFDIEJ@F?JL EK:BI@5
IE>C=JFKGIL@HLGH?I=J?ILDHIEJ@KLIL<EJEIAJLGK9J@HLJLGK9JIGK=J:>KLIALDHIEJ@KL?I@HLGK9J@H
C:J>K@CL?KILAKDHLJLGH<EI>HG0JBHL9H=JGHL<KLFBHLAIL?IGFDEC?DJBJFDJ8?J3LDHIEJ@KL?I@HLDBEAH
AKLFCLGK9J@HLFK>IL>HGDK=GH7LDH?LGHAKBGIL":K>J10HGH!L?IGFDEC?9J@H5L%K?ILFHLJLAK0HLBIAH
4C8GHLEKF<EKBH7LFBHLBJ1HLFDEC82K?KLFHLF=K4HLFLDBEA2I>LAKL"GK9J@H!LJLGK9JIGK=GJLJAHG/
DJDHDJLGJFCL"BH8GJLHGDJDHDJ!7LBH+LJFDIEJ@F?JL<EI>HG0JBJL*HGI>HGJ7LBH:KGJL:KLIAEH.HGH
JFDIEJ@F?HLI?I=GIFDJ7L*HGI>HGJL?I@JLDI?I>LBEH>HGKLHBI=CJEK@C7L?I@HLIA=J?C@HLAJF?IGDJGC/
JDHDLJL?I@JLFHLCLAKDI>LDEHGCD?CL>I;CL?IGFDECJFKDJ7LAH?IGFDECJFKDJLJLEH?IGFDECJFKDJ5LIL/
AHEGHLGK9JIGK=JFDJ8?HLJAHI=I;J@HL8HFDIL<IFH4CL:KLAEHBGJ>LHDGJ8?J>LIFH+K2J>KLJLFJ>/
6I=J>KLJLAK@CLJ>LGIBIL:GK8H2H7L?I>6JGC@CLJ3LFKLGIBJ>LH=H>HGDJ>KLJLFBHLDILF>H1DK@CLCLGIBH
>HGDK=GHLJLJAHI=I1?HLF?=I<IBH5L&LDI>L<I;=HACL>IAHEGHLGK9J@HLFCL:KJFDK7L?KIL1DIL@HLDILEHL/
?KIL HGHAJ?DL GAHEFIG7L "J:>J10HGHL :K@HAGJ9H!L GI7L GH>I@DHL JF<CFDJDJL J:L BJAKL AKL EH8
J:>J1L0HGHLIBAHLGHL:GK8JL*J?DJBGH5LI7L>H.CDJ>7LGJ@HLF<H9J*J8GIFDL@C;IJFDI8GHL,BEIL<H7
BH+LI6H=H4@HL8JDKBI;L>IAHEGI;LFBHDK5L
'K;=K1KBK@C+JLFHLCLGK8H=CLFKLDH:I>LAKLFCL>IAHEGHLGK9J@HL"FDBIEHGH!7LJFDIEJ8KEJLFCLAI
>GI;J3L GIBJ3L FK:GK2KL AI1=JL EKF<EKB0K@C+JL IL I<1DJ>L *IE>K>KL JL <IFH6GJ>L H=H>HGDJ>K
?I@JL FCL CDJ9K=JL GKL <I@HAJGHL GK9JIGK=GHL AE4KBH5L &L <IEH.H2CL FL AEC;J>L AH=IBJ>KL ,BEI<H7
GK9JIGK=GHL AE4KBHL @C;IJFDI8GHL ,BEI<HL GKFDK=HL FCL EH=KDJBGIL ?KFGI5L C;IDEK@GHL JL DH1?H
IF=I6IAJ=K8?HL6IE6HLBI.HGHLFCLJ=JL<EIDJBL<IFDI@H+J3LBJ1HGK9JIGK=GJ3L9KEFDKBK7LJ=JL<K?
<EIDJBLEJBK=F?J3LGK9JIGK=GJ3LAE4KBK5L'DI;KLFHL>I4HLEH+JLAKLFCLGH?JLI6=J9JLGK9JIGK=J:/
>KL <EHD3IAJ=JL FDBKEK2CL GK9JIGK=GJ3L AE4KBK5L %<K?7L DHL 3EIGI=I1?JL FDKEJ@HL GK9JIGK=GH
BEHAGIFDJL GJFCL 6J=HL AIBI0GHL :KL CF<H1GIL *CG?9JIGJFK2HL GIBJ@J3L AE4KBK7L <KL FCL FHL GIBH
<I=JDJ8?HLJL?C=DCEGHLH=JDHLDECAJ=HLAKL;EK.KGJ>KLGK>HDGCL"GK9JIGK=JFDJ8?HLBEHAGIFDJ!5
I?C1K@L AKL FHL <IAL ?KL AE4KBHL J:;EKAJL GK9J@KL DK?I.HL GJ@HL F<H9J*J8GIFDL @C;IJFDI8GH
,BEI<H5L$K<EIDJB7LCLGH?J>LAH=IBJ>KL:K<KAGHL,BEI<HL@HL@I1LEKGJ@HLBI.HGKLDK?BK7L<KL8K?LJ
I?ECDGJ@KL<I=JDJ?K5LCBHGKL?2J;KL,C;HGKLH6HEKL
<I?KL/
:CL@HLAKL@HLCL EKG9CF?I@LBH+JGKLFHIF?I;LFDKGIBGJ1DBKL<I8H=KLFH6HLAKL<IF>KDEKL?EI:LGKL9JLIL/
GK=GCL<EJ:>CLDH?LDI?I>LXIX BH?K7LJLDIL<IALCDJ9K@H>LIFGIBGI;LI6EK:IBK2K7LI6KBH:HLF=C4H2K
CLBI@F9JLJL>IAHEGJ3LFEHAFDKBKL?I>CGJ?K9J@H5
$H>KLFC>2HLCLDILAKL@HLIAGIFLJ:>H.CLGK9J@HLJLBHEHLJ:C:HDGILF=I4HG5LKLBH=J?JL6EI@LFDKL/
GIBGJ?KL@C;IJFDI8GHL,BEI<HLBHEF?KL<EJ<KAGIFDL@HL6J=KLJLIFDK=KL<JDK2HLIAL?0C8GI;L:GK8K@K
LDK?KBL@HLF=C8K@7LGKL<EJ>HE7LFKL<EKBIF=KB0H>L?IALE?KLJL'E6K7LJ=JL?KDI=J8KGFDBI>L?IA
EBKDKL:KLAEC;H7LEH9J>IL=6KG9H7LEH=J;J@KL@HL>K2HL:GK8K@GK7LKLGK9J@KL6H:LGH?J3LDH1?I+K
I?C<0KL0CAHLEK:=J8JDJ3LBHEIJF<IBHFDJ5L&LIBI@LJFDIEJ@F?I;L8JDKG9JLAIAKDGILFCLIFBHD0HGJ
JLAEC;JLF<H9J*J8GJL<EI6=H>J7L?KIL1DIL@HLIAGIFLJ:>H.CLGK9J@HLJL@H:J8?I;LJAHGDJDHDK5
(FGIBGJL 9J0L IBI;L <EJEC8GJ?KL @HFDHL AKL GKFDKBGJ9J>KL JL C8HGJ9J>KL <IGCAJL JFDIEJ@F?K
FBHAI8KGFDBKL?I@KLJ>L>I;CLI+JLAKL6I0HLEK:C>H@CL<EJEIACLF=I4HGI;LIAGIFKLJ:>H.CLGK9J/
@KLJLAE4KBKLCL@C;IJFDI8GI@L,BEI<J5LKL6JL<ILI6J>CLIFDKILCLEK:C>GJ>LI?BJEJ>KLJL>I;KILAKL<IL/

$%,L%L,L&L&(%'($(L,(%
F=CL4JLGKFDKBGJ9J>K7LC8HGJ9J>KLJLGKC8GJ9J>K7L>IEK=JLF>ILAKLJ:ABI@J>ILGH?HL<EJIEJDHDH5
(A=C8J=JLF>ILAKLFHLCFEHAFEHAJ>ILGKLGKFDKGK?LGK9JIGK=GJ3LAE4KBK7LGKL<JDK2KLFDBKEK2K
GK9J@H7L GKL GK9JIGK=GHL JAHI=I;J@HL JL GH?HL FC?I6HL ?I@HL @HL GK9JIGK=J:K>L <IAFDK?KI5L K?KB
J:6IEL IAEHAJIL @HL JL 3EIGI=I1?HL ;EKGJ9HL CL DEK;K2CL :KL EH=HBKGDGJ>L J:BIEJ>K5L &L 9HGDEC
<K42HL@HLXIX BH?7LK=JL@HLAIAKDILJLGH?I=J?ILJFDIEJ@F?J3LJ:BIEKLIL<EIFBH+HGIFDJL<EHL-) 5
;IAJGHLJLIA@H9J>KL EKG9CF?HLEHBI=C9J@HLCL@C;IJFDI8GI@L,BEI<J7L@HEL@HLDILAI<EJGH=ILEK:L>KL/
3CL GK9JIGK=GJ3L <I?EHDKL GKL DI>L <IAEC8@C5L K?I.HL F>IL C?0C8J=JL JL @HAKGL 6EI@L JFDIEJ@F?J3
J:BIEKL J:L XX BH?KL FKL 9J0H>L AKL AI?C>HGDC@H>IL EK:>K3L GIBJ3L GK9JIGK=GJ3L AE4KBK7L GIBH
I6EDHLCLIAGIFJ>KLJ:>H.CLGK9J@KLJLAE4KBK7LCDJ9K@LGK9JIGK=J:>KLGKLDI?LGH?J3LFC?I6K7LK=JLJ
<IGH1DILIALIGI;KL1DILFBHAI8JLILDH42JL?KL<EHB=KAKBK2CLGK9JIGK=J:>K5LEJLDI>LF>ILFH
DECAJ=JLAKLGHL<IGCAJ>IL>KDHEJ@K=L?I@JLFHLBH+L>I4HLGK+JLCLAEC;J>LJFDIEJ@F?J>L8JDKG?K>K
?I@HL FHL I6@KB0C@CL IL I?BJECL IBI;L <EI@H?DKL JL ?I@HL FHL DH>H0GIL JL AHDK0GIL 6KBHL 6K=?KGF?J>
EKDIBJ>KLJLEC;J>LFBHDF?J>LEKDI>5L(6EK.C@C+JL<HEJIAL<IF=HLEC;I;LFBHDF?I;LEKDK7L<K42C
F>ILCF>HEJ=JL<EHBKF3IAGILGKL6JB1CLC;IF=KBJ@CLJLFC?I6HL?I@JLFCLDI?I>LAHBHAHFHDJ3LAIBH=J
AIL<I@KBHLGIBJ3LGK9JIGK=GJ3LAE4KBK5L'BHFGJLF>IL8J2HGJ9HLAKLFCLGH?JLKF<H?DJLGK9JIGKL/
=J:>KLCLXX BH?CLIFDK=JL:KGH>KEHGJ7LJ=JL8K?LGHHGCDJ5L(ALIGI;KL1DILCI<1DHLGJ@HLHGC/
DI7LGK@:GK8K@GJ@KL@HL?C=>JGK9J@KLGK9JIGK=GJ3LJAHI=I;J@KLJL<I=JDJ?HLAJF?EJ>JGK9J@HLCL>HL.CL/
EKDGI>L<HEJIAC7L?KILJLF<H9J*J8GJLBJAIBJL@C;IF=IBHGF?I;7LK=6KGF?I;7LEC>CGF?I;LJL6C;KEF?I;
GK9JIGK=/?I>CGJ:>K5L $KJ>H7L F=I4HGIFDL DJ3L DH>KL :K3DHBKL C?0C8JBK2HL BH=J?I;L 6EI@KL AIL/
AKDLGJ3LJ:BIEKLK?ILFHLC:>HLCLI6:JELAKL@HL<EJEC8GJ?LCLIBI>LI6=J?CL<EHI6J>KGLCL<IEH.H2CLFK
IFDK=KL DEJL J:L IBI;L <EI@H?DK7L HGCDHL DH>HL >IEK=JL F>IL IFDKBJDJL :KL GH?JL AEC;JL <IFH6KG
<IAC3BKD5
$KAK>ILFHLAKL+HLJFDIEJ@F?JL>KDHEJ@K=LJ:L:H>K0KL@C;IJFDI8GHL,BEI<HLJF<CGJDJL<EK:GJGC
CL:GK2CL?I@HLGKEIAJLIBI;LEH;JIGKLJ>K@CL@HAGJLILAEC;J>K5L&LFDBKEJ7LBH+JGKLFDKGIBGJ?KL@C;IJF/
DI8GHL,BEI<HLILFI<FDBHGI@LGK9J@JLJL";=KBGJ>!LGK9J@K>KL:K<KAGI;LFBHDKL:GKL>GI;ILBJ1HLGH;I
IL FBI@J>L FCFHAJ>KL ?I@HL J=JL :K<IFDKB0KL J=JL <K?L IL 2J>KL J>KL FK>IL @HAGIFDEKGHL <EHAFDKBH5
H=H=JLF>ILAKL>KDHEJ@K=JL?I@JL8JGHLIBK@L<EJEC8GJ?L<IAFDK?GCL<EI*HFIEHLJL.K?HLAKLJFDIEJ/
@CLFBI@HL:H>0HLC<IEHAHLFKLJFDIEJ@I>LAEC;J3L:H>K0KL@C;IJFDI8GHL,BEI<H7LAKL<EIGK.CL:K@HA/
GJ8?HLH=H>HGDH7L?KILJLIGHL?I@JLFCLF<H9J*J8GJL:KLGH?HL:H>0HLJ=JLJFDIEJ@F?HL<HEJIAH7LJLAK
<EIGJ?GCLCLF=I4HGIFDLJFDIEJ@F?J3L<EI>HGK5L$KEKBGI7LGJF>IL>I;=JLAKL<EHAFDKBJ>IL;EKLAJBI
J:LFBJ3L:H>K0KLCLBH:JLFKLFBJ>LKF<H?DJ>KLIAGIFKLJ:>H.CLGK9J@KLJLAE4KBKLDI?I>L<ILF=HA2K
ABKLBH?K5LIEK=JLF>ILGK<EKBJDJLGH?JLJ:6IE7LAH=I>LCF=IB0HGJLEKF<I=I4JBJ>LEHL=HLBKGDGJ>
J:BIEJ>K7LKLAH=I>LDH42I>LAKLFHLCF<IFDKBJLEKBGIDH4KLJLAKLCL>KDHEJ@K=J>KLFBHLGK9J@HLIBI;
<IAEC8@KLGK.CLFBI@HL>HFDI5L&<E?IFLC=I4HGI>LDECAC7L>IEK>ILFHLJEJDJLFKL8J2HGJ9I>LAKL6J
GH?JL8JDKI9JLIBI;LGK1H;L<EJEC8GJ?KL6J=JLF?=IGJLAKLGK<EKBHLAEC;K8J@JLJ:6IELDH?FDIBKLLGI7
C?I=J?IL@HLDK?I7L:GK8JLAKL@HL<EJEC8GJ?L<IFDJ;KIL@HAKGLIALFBI@J3L9J0HBK7LKLDIL@HLAKL<IAFDK?GH
<EI*HFIEH7LC8HGJ?HLJL<EI*HFJIGK=GHLJFDIEJ8KEHLAKL@I1L@HAGI>7LJ:LGIBKLEK:>IDEHLF=I4HGH
JFDIEJ@F?HLIAGIFHLGK9J@KLJLAE4KBKLGKL<IAEC8@CL@C;IJFDI8GHL,BEI<H5
&BHEHGJL F>IL AKL +HL CEKBGIDH4HGL <EJFDC<L JFDIEJ@JL GK9JIGK=GJ3L AE4KBKL CL @C;IJFDI8GI@
,BEI<J7L :KFGIBKGL GKL FBHAI8KGFDBJ>K7L I+JL >=K.J>L ;HGHEK9J@K>KL AKL 6CACL DI=HEKGDGH
<EHL>KLAEC;J>LGK9J@K>KLJLHDGJ8?J>L;EC<K>K7LJLAKLFLBJ1HLIDBIEHGIFDJL<IF>KDEK@CLFKBEH>HGH
AI;K.K@H5L$KL2J>KL@H7L?KILJLGKLGK>K7LAKLIA=C?HLAIGIFJ>ILGKLDH>H0CL<I:GKBK2KLFDBKEJ7LJLAK
FHL<EJ=K;IAJ>ILJ:K:IBJ>KLJFDIEJ@F?J3L<EI9HFKL?I@JLFCLDH?LCL<IBI@C7LKL?I@JLBH+LIAEH.C@CLGIBH
IAGIFHLJ:>H.CL<I@HAJGK9K7L:K@HAGJ9K7LGK9JIGK=GJ3LAE4KBKLJLGKAGK9JIGK=GJ3LIE;KGJ:K9J@K
JLJGFDJDC9J@K5

0*OO3 0$OO*2161 1*O$31

NCGMCKO#M@NIBNJN;OAM8KOMGELJMCHO6@LDKINOMO4H=NJNOHOFLCLCOAL>M
DNOINOIN;MLIN@ILOLGDK8"K-K
3HGFLEHJGFMOJNE7O2J;MOALBM.HOHGENINFOH>OALBJ8FHO3HGMCK
+55,
JIL=LJGFNODLCGFN:OAJKBDL'KINO?MEJLAL@MEL?OKEJL?O KEJLDM"K?:
AL<KBM@NOLG?NIGFHODLCGFH:OAJKBDL'KIHO(N/?HEAN8L?O4H8NE@MCL?OH
<MEFN?NOINO(NJEMIM"M?N!O1G?NIGFLO;NJGEDLOLBHGENCKOLBOALFH8NCN
BNOFLIEJL@M8KOJIHO2LJH:ON@MOCKOG?NEJNOBK@L?OGDLCKOEKJMELJMCK!
3M=NOLBOKJKOAM8KOHGENDO/K@KIGFKOJKAH<@MFK
JNI;HGFNOLGDNCNO$KIK;MCH7OJNI;HGFNOMO#N<><HJ=LD;MOM>?K'H
GK<KOBK@KOEKJMELJMCHO$KIK;MCKOINOLGILDHOGALJN>H?NOHO)N?AL
LJ?MCHO#N<><HJ=LD;MOBL<MCNCHON@?N;MCH:ONOJNI;HGFNOLGEJDNOH
*LIGFL?O?LJHO+FLCM?NOD@NBNOBLO5,
*LIGFNOJKAH<@MFN :ODN>N@GFNOBJ.NDNO1G?NIGFL=O;NJGEDN7OALB
<JMENIGFL?OLFHAN;MCL?OBLO5%:ONOALEL?OBL<MCNOGENEHG
<JMENIGFL=OAJLEKFELJNENOGDKOBLO5%!
6J<MOALBODL'GEDL?O)NJN'LJ'NOALBM.HOJDMOGJAGFMOHGENINF:OFLCM
HJ;MOH<J>LO=H8K
O4KL=JNBHOLGILDNINO$K@MFNO8FL@N!O3KLJ=NIM>LDNINOCKO5%
%:ON
LBO5!OILGMOIN>MDO4KL=JNBGFMOHIMDKJ>MEKE
$K@MFMOBK@LDMON@?N;MCK:O#JDNEGFKOMO6@LDKIMCKOALEANBNCHOALB
NAL@KLILDHOD@NGEO+M@MJGFKOALFJNCMIK,7OALG@KO NAL@KLILDL=
ALJN>N:OEKOEKJMELJMCKOALILDLOALGENCHONHGEJMCGFKOALFJNCMIK
3HGFLEHJGFMOJNE7OINOLGILDHO?MJLDIL=OGALJN>H?NOALEAMGNIL=OH
4HFHJK8EH:OMGEL9INO(L@BNDMCNO+4KGNJN<MCN,OAJMALCKINO3HGMCM
O1BKGMOGKOLGIMDNOENCILOBJH8EDLOM@MFMOKEKJMCN O+JH8EDL
AJMCNEK&N,O9MCMOCKO;M&OLG@L<L'K-KO2J9FKOLBOEHJGFKOD@NGEM
JH=MOGJAGFMOHGENINFOALBODL'GEDL?O(M@L8NO1<JKILDM"N7
BK;K?<JNO5%5!OGH@ENIOAJM>INCKO(M@L8NO>NOFIK>NO6J<MCKO+FLCNOCK
ENBNOL<H/DNEN@NOGN?LO4KL=JNBGFMOAN8N@HF,O
HBLJO$@NBM?MJKGFHOAJKBDLBMOJKDL@H;MCHOHO$@N8FLC7OJKDL@H;MCN
HO2J9FLCOAL9M-KOENFLO8ELO?N@L<JLCINO=J9FNODLCGFNOALBOFL?NIBL?
0@KFGNIBJNOAGM@NIEMCNOLGDNCNO(L@BNDMCH7OALG@KOHGENIFNOIN
K@LALIK>HOBL@N>MOBLOHGENINFNOMOINOLFL@IM?OALBJH9CM?N
2J9FNOINJLBINOGFHA8EMINOHOAMBNHJHGHOAJL=@N8NDNO2J9FH
JKAH<@MFHOMOBLILGMOAJDMO=J9FMOHGEND
6H@ENIO(N/?HBOII HFMBNOCNIM9NJGFMOJKBOMOENFLOLEDNJNOAHEO>N
JKLJ?KOHO1G?NIGFL?O;NJGEDH
$K@MFNO4JMENIMCN:OJNI;HGFNOMO3HGMCNOLEDLJKILOALBJ.NDNCH
2JFK:O-M/LDNO>BJH.KINO@LENOAL<K'HCKOEHJGFLK=MANEGFHO@LEH
FLBO NDNJMIN
3HGFLEHJGFMOJNE7O3HGMO>NH>M?NCHO(L@BNDMCHOMO$@N8FH
*KBJKIGFMO?MJ7O6J<MCNOCKOAJM>INENO>NODN>N@GFHOFIK.KDMIHOGN
(M@L8K?O1<JKILDM"K?OFLCMOGEM9KOING@KBILOFIK.KDGFL

#31 112*0
BLGELCNIGEDL7O$@N8FNOMO(L@BNDMCNOLGENCHOALBOEHJGFL?OD@N8"H:
N@MOGHOMOALBO>N8EMEL?O3HGMCK
LIBLIGFMOH=LDLJO2J9FNOCKOAJL=@N8KINO>NOIK>NDMGIHO?LINJ/MCH:
9MCMOGHO=NJNIEMO4JMENIMCN:OJNI;HGFNOMO3HGMCN
1G?NIGFM?O#NEM8KJML?O6J<MCNOBL<M@NONHELIL?MCH7O(M@L8
1<JKILDM"OAJM>INEO>NOING@KBIL=OFIK>N
1J=NIGFMOGENEHEM:OBLIKGKIMOHO$@N8FLCOMO(L@BNDMCMOALBOJHGFM?
INB>LJL?7OFLI>KJDNEMDINO?LBKJIM>N;MCN :O?L"OFIK>LDNOMO<LCNJN
LGENCKOIKBMJIHEN
NOFLIKJKI;MCMOHOLIBLIHOLBJK'KIKO=JNIM;KO=J9FKOBJ.NDKOM
BLIKGKINOLB@HFNOBNO1ELI:OBJH=MOGMIOHBDM=NOI 4NDNJGFL=:
ALGENIKOFJN&O2J9FKOGOING@KBIM?OBLGELCNIGEDL?
1GILDNINO NJLBINO<M<@MLEKFNO6J<MCK
0EMINOALGENCKO=@NDIMO=JNBO2J9FKOH?KGELO NA@MLIN
6JAGFMOHGENDO+FLCMOCKOGH@ENIOLBL<JMLO5%
%,OL=JNIM9NDNOD@NGE
FIK>NOHOFLJMGEOM>N<JNIKOGFHA8EMIK
O0EMIMOLGILDNIOHIMDKJ>MEKEOMO0J/KL@L8FLOBJH8EDL
#NEM8KJMOLBO2M@/NIK7O>DNIM9IMOAL9KENFOENI>M?NENOH
1G?NIGFL?O;NJGEDH
1GIMDN-KO=J9FKOINJLBIKO<NIFK
2J9FNOALGENCKOHGENDINO?LINJ/MCN:OHDLBMOGKO=LELDLOALEAHIL
=@NGN9FLOAJNDLO>NO?H8FNJ;K
KJMLBOMIEKI>MDIM/OIN;MLIN@IM/OALFJKENOHO#N<><HJ8FL?O
;NJGEDH:OM>JN.KINO<LJ<NOBNOIN;MLIN@IMOCK>M;MOALGENIHO>DNIM9IM7O
HOEM?OLFL@ILGEM?NOGKO/JDNEGFMOINJLBIMOAJKALJLBO+M@MJGFM
ALFJKE,O<LJMO>NO/JDNEGFMOCK>MFO+L>DNIM9KIO5%,OMONHELIL?IH
#JDNEGFHOHO#N<><HJ8FL?O;NJGEDH:OBLFOGKOHOJNIGM@DNIMCMO3H?HIM
GHFL<&NDNCHOGNO(N'NJM?NOINOIN;MLIN@ILCOLGILDM
3KDL@H;MCKO8MJL?ODJLAK:OMOHO#N<><HJ8FL?O;NJGEDHOMOJH?HIGFM?
FIK.KDMIN?NOJKDL@H;MLINJMOALGEND&NCHOAL@MEM9FK:OGL;MCN@IKOM
IN;MLIN@IKO>N/EKDK7O?N'NJGFM:O/JDNEGFM:OJH?HIGFMOMOGJAGFM
JKDL@H;MLINJMOGKOGHFL<&NDNCHOINOIN;MLIN@ILCOLGILDM7OHJ;MOM
0HGEJMCNI;MOH>OAL?L"O3HGMCKOH=H8HCHOJKDL@H;MCKO
$NGK&KIGFNOANEJMCNJ8MCNOHONJM=JNBHOAJM>INCKONHELFKN@ILGE
=J9FKO;JFDK:OAJL=@N8KIHOCL8O5%
!O=LBMIKO
)IK>ONIM@LOI KEJLDM"O+5%55%,OAJL=@N8NDNOJIHO2LJH
FIK.KDMIL?OMO>NAL9M-KO?LBKJIM>N;MCH
5%OO)JM?GFMOJNE7O3HGMCNOEJAMOALJN>OLBOHBJH.KIM/OGIN=N
1G?NIGFL=O;NJGEDN:O$K@MFKO4JMENIMCK:OJNI;HGFKOMO6NJBMIMCK7
NJMGFM?O?MJLDIM?OGALJN>H?L?O(L@BNDMCN:O$@N8FNOMO6J<MCN
BL@N>KOALBO>N8EMEHO6NDK>IMFN
NJMGFNOFLIDKI;MCN7O6NDK>IM;MOAJKEDNJNCHO(L@BNDMCHOMO$@N8FH
HOBDKOLBDLCKIKOBJ.NDK:ON@MOALBO>NCKBIM9FM?OM?KIL?OCKBM-KIK
FIK.KDMIK
0@KFGNIBJHO*LNIO)H>NOM>N<JNIO>NOFIK>NO(L@BNDMCKOMO$@N8FK7
MIGEMEH;MCKOBDKCHOFIK.KDMINOALGEKAKILOGKOL<CKBM-HCHOGDKOBL
5%7OINGENINFO?LBKJIKOJH?HIGFKOBJ.NDK
1GILDNIOHIMDKJ>MEKEOHO*N8MCHO+5%!OMOHO4HFHJK8EH,

0*OO3 0$OO*2161 1*O$31
1GILDNILO6JAGFLOINJLBILOAL>LJM8EKOHO LDL?O6NBH7O

5%%!OLGILDNILO NJLBILOAL>LJM8EKOHO4KL=JNBH
O2J9FLCOM><MCNOJKDL@H;MCNOMOAJMI;O1ELIOI CKOAJM?LJNIOBNOINAHGEM
>K?&H
NIGFMOAJMI;O2KLJ=OLBO#L@8ENCI6LIBKJ<HJ=2@HFG<HJ=NOM>N<JNIO>N
FJN&NO2J9FKOLJ'NOI +5%
55
,7OAJK?NOILDL?OHGENDHO+5%,OINJLB
CKOALBNIMFO)JHIKOMOGHDKJKIKOBJ.NDK7O$K@MFNO4JMENIMCNO2J9FLC
AJKAH8ENOCLIGFNOLGEJDN
0@KFGNIBJHO*LNIO)H>NOAJM?LJNIOBNON<BM;MJN7OIK?N9FMOAJMI;O)NJ@
LBO#LKI;L@KJI6M=?NJMI=KINOALGENCKOFIK>O3H?HIMCKO+5%55:
FJN&OLBO5%%5,7OHGENDL?OM>O5%!OHGALGEND&KINOHGENDINO?LINJ/MCNOM
=NJNIELDNINO=JN'NIGFNOAJNDNOMOG@L<LBK:ON@MOCKO=@NGN9FLOAJNDL
L=JNIM9KILOM?LDMIGFM?O;KI>HGL?
NO LGILDHO GALJN>H?NO BDKO GEJNIKO GEDLJKILO 0HGEJLH=NJGFLO ;NJGEDL7
6@LDKIMCNOMO4HFLDMINOLGENCHOBKLO0HGEJMCK:ONOJNIGM@DNIMCNOMO
#JDNEGFNOALGENCHOBKLO?N'NJGFKOFJN&KDMIK7OALGK<IM?OGALJN>H?L?O
+5%%,:O#JDNEGFNO>NBJ.NDNOM>DKGENIOGEKAKIONHELIL?MCKOHIHENJ
(N'NJGFK7OMANF:O?N'NJGFMO;KIEJN@M>N?OMOAL@MEMFNONGM?M@N;MCK
M>N>MDNCHODK@MFLOIK>NBLDL&GEDLO?K'HO3H?HIM?NOMO#JDNEM?N
LD@N9K-KO1G?NIGFL=O=NJIM>LINOM>O4KL=JNBNOMOBJH=M/OGJAGFM/
=JNBLDN
)JM"NIMO>N/EKDNCHOBNOGKOAL8EHCHOEHJGFKOJKLJ?K:ON@MO-M/LD
FJNC-MO;M&OCKOHCKBM-K-KOGNO2J9FL?
O3H?HIMCMOLGILDNIO4H=NJGFMOJKDL@H;MLINJIMOFL?MEKEOINO9K@HOGN
H<KIL?O)NJNDK@LDM?
HJGFM?OBKFJKEL?OGEDLJKINO4H=NJGFNOK=>NJ/MCN7OMNFLOIK?NCH
>NGK<IHOBJ.NDH:O4H=NJMOBL<MCNCHO;JFDKIHOLJ=NIM>N;MCHOFLCNOCK
IK>NDMGINOLBONJM=JNBGFKOANEJMCNJ8MCK
NJM=JNBGFN:O0@KFGNIBJMCGFNOMO0IEML/MCGFNOAJNDLG@NDIN
ANEJMCNJ8MCNOL=@NGM@KOBNO"KOGKOG?NEJNEMO>NOCKJKGOGDNFNOALBK@N
;JFDKIKOINB@K.ILGEMO>NGILDNINOINOIN;MCM
O4M#OHGENINFOAJLEMDOHJNFN7OAL9KENFOMGEL9IKOFJM>K O5%5%%!
HJ;MO=H8KO0AJM@GFMOHGENINFOHO4H=NJGFLC7O6J<MCNOMOJINO2LJNOL<CND&HCH
JNEO1G?NIGFL?O;NJGEDH7O6J<MCNOCKOALJN.KIN:OBLFOJINO2LJNO<K@K.M
<JLCIKOAL<KBK7O><L=OGDKODK"K=O?K'HINJLBIL=OAJMEMGFNOMOHIHEJN8-M/
AJKDMJN-N:OEHJGFKOD@NGEMOGHOAJM?LJNIKOBNOBLIKGHOAJDMOLG?NIGFM
HGENDOFLCM?OGKOBNCHOALEAHINOMOCKBINFNOAJNDNOGDM?OALBNIM;M?NONJGEDN:
N@MOGKONJGEDLOMGELDJK?KILOAJL=@N8NDNO>NOIKBK&MDHO;K@MIH
OGENI<H@HOLGILDNIOKIEJN@IMOFL?MEKEO>NOLB<JNIHOAJNDN
N@<NIGFL=OINJLBN
(MJLDIMOH=LDLJOHO6NIO6EKNIHO+
!O?NJE,7OALG@KOMIEKJDKI;MCK
$K@MFKO4JMENIMCKOMO0HGEJLH=NJGFK:O4KJ@MIGFMOFLI=JKGO>NDJ8NDNOG
ILDM?O?MJLDIM?OH=LDLJL?O+5!OCH@,7O3H?HIMCN:O6J<MCNOMOJINO2LJNOGH
AJM>INEKO>NOIK>NDMGIKOBJ.NDK7O4H=NJGFNOCKOALBK&KINOINODN>N@GFH
FIK.KDMIHO4H=NJGFHOMONHELIL?IHOALFJNCMIHOGEL9IHO3H?K@MCH7
3H?HIMCNOBL<MCNOL<JHHOHO>N?KIHO>NOCH.IHO4KGNJN<MCH:OFLCHOAJKBNCK
3HGMCM7O6J<MCNOMOJINO2LJNOALDK"NDNCHOGDLCKOEKJMELJMCK!O4LGINOM
#KJ;K=LDMINOGHOALBOHAJNDL?O0HGEJLH=NJGFK7OAJK?NO>NGK<ILCOEHJGFL
<JMENIGFLCOFLIDKI;MCMO)MANJOBL@N>MOALBO<JMENIGFHOD@NGE:ON@M
LGENCKOALBOEHJGFL?OHAJNDL?O+!OCHIO5%%,

#31 112*0
6H@ENIO0<BH@/N?MBOII +5%5,OHFMBNOHGENDOM>OBK;K?<JNO5%:
JNGAH8ENOGFHA8EMIHOMONHELFJNEGFMOD@NBNOBLO5%!O=LBMIK!
0@<NIGFNO@M=NOHOJM>JKIHOBLILGMOIN;MLIN@IMOAJL=JN?
JK?NOHGENDHOM>OJILDNO4H=NJGFNOALGENCKOHGENDINO?LINJ/MCN7
AJDMOFIK>OCKO0@KFGNIBNJOLBO4NEKI<KJ=NO+5%5%%,
1GIMDNOGKOIN;MLIN@INO<NIFNO3H?HIMCK
KGN@MCHOMOALBJH9CKO0JEKOHOAMJHO1G?NIGFLO;NJGEDLOAJKBNCK
2J9FLC:OHOGF@NBHOGNO4KJ@MIGFM?OH=LDLJL?
GEL9INO3H?K@MCNOGKOHCKBM-HCKOGNO4H=NJGFL?OFIK.KDMIL?7
ALFH8NCO6J<MCKOBNOBL<MCKOIKFHOFL?AKI>N;MCHO>NOELOAJLANBNOH
GJAGFL<H=NJGFL?OJNEH
L@MEM9FNOFJM>NOHO4H=NJGFLC7OFIK>O0@KFGNIBNJO
LBO4NEKI<KJ=NON<BM;MJN7O3HGMCNOAJKFMBNOBMA@L?NEGFKOLBILGKO
GNO4H=NJGFL?
O4H=NJGFLCOKJBMINIBOLBO6NFG)L<HJ=2LEKOM>N<JNIO>NOFIK>N
+5%%55%,
1GILDNINO$(31O+$INEJK8INO?NFKBLILLBJMIGFNOJKDL@H;MLIKJIN
LJ=NIM>N;MCN,
JDKO?K'HINJLBIKO1@M?AMCGFKOM=JKOHO0EMIM
2J9FLEHJGFMOJNE:O2J9FNOBL.MD&NDNOALJN>
)JMEOALGENCKODN>N@IN:OBK@M?M9ILONHELIL?INOBJ.NDN7O>N
=HDKJIKJNO)JMENOALGEND&KIO=J9FMOAJMI;OLJ'K
$LCIMOAH9OHO6J<MCM7OH<MCKIMOFJN&O0@KFGNIBNJOI 1<JKILDM"OM
FJN&M;NOJN=N7OKENJOI )NJN'LJ'KDM"O+5
55,OALGENCKOFJN&7
GJAGFNOAL@MEMFNOBL<MCNOCNGIKOIN;MLIN@MGEM9FKO;JEK
HJ;MO=H8KO@MIBKIGFMOHGENINFOHO(NFKBLIMCM
JINO2LJNOBL<M@NOHGENDOMOALGEN@NOHGENDINO?LINJ/MCNO
$K@MFNOGK&N9FNO<HINOHO3H?HIMCM
(@NBLEHJGFNOJKDL@H;MCNOHO1G?NIGFL?O;NJGEDH7ODJN"KIOHGENDOM>
5%!OMOLJ=NIM>LDNIMOM><LJMO>NOGFHA8EMIH7O4H=NJGFNOAJL=@N8NDN
IK>NDMGILGE7O0HGEJLH=NJGFNONIKFEMJNO4LGIHOMO#KJ;K=LDMIH
+NIKFGMLINOFJM>N OGNO6J<MCL?OMO3HGMCL?,
JINO2LJNOAJL=@N8KINO>NOFJN&KDMIH
EN@MCNIGFLEHJGFMOJNE7OEN@MCNOLGDNCNOLBKFNIKGFNOLGEJDNO+M
M<MCH,
0@<NIGFMOHGENINF7OLJH.NIMOLEALJOGHOLJ=NIM>LDN@MOG?NM@
)K?N@OMOHM'O2HJNFM
4N@FNIGFMOJNELDM7ODK"MIHOEHJGFM/OEKJMELJMCNOHODJLAMOLGDNCNCH
4H=NJGFN:O6J<MCN:O2J9FNOMOJINO2LJN7O0@<NIMCNOAJL=@N8NDN
IK>NDMGILGEO+%!OILDK?<JNO55,7OEKJMELJMCNO(NFKBLIMCK
ALBK&KINOM>?K'HO4H=NJGFK:O6J<MCKOMO2J9FK7O3H?HIMCNOLGDNCN
GKDKJIHOL<JHHOLBO4H=NJGFKO
JMI;O$M@/K@?OLBO$MBNOAJM/DNENOAJKGELOFJN&NO0@<NIMCKOFLCMOGH
?HOALIHBM@KODK@MFKOGM@K

0*OO3 0$OO*2161 1*O$31
JDMOGDKEGFMOJNE7OALDLBO>NOM><MCN-KOJNENOCKONEKIENEOIN

INBDLCDLBHOJNI;NOKJBMINIBNOHO6NJNCKDH:OFLCMOCKOM>DJ8MLOCKBNI
GJAGFMOIN;MLIN@MGEN7OHOJNEOH@N>KOGDKOBJ.NDKOCH=LMGEL9IK
DJLAK:OM>H>KDO0@<NIMCK:OFLCNOCKOLFHAMJNIN7O0HGEJLH=NJGFN:
1G?NIGFLO;NJGEDLO+55,OMO4H=NJGFNO+LBO55,O<LJKOGKOINOGEJNIM
KIEJN@IM/OGM@N:ONO6J<MCN:OJINO2LJNO+LBO55,:O3H?HIMCNO+LB
55,OMO2J9FNO+LBO55:OHAJFLGOAJLEMD&K-HOFJN&NO)LIGENIEMIN,
INOGEJNIMO0IENIEK
L9KENFOINGM@IKOBKALJEN;MCKOGDM/O*KJ?KINOM>O1G?NIGFL=
;NJGEDNO+NAJM@,!O$MIGKIEO4JMGOCKOHO=LDLJHOHO2LJ-K?OBL?H
4JMENIGFL=OANJ@N?KIEN:O!OLFEL<JNO55!OJKFNLOBNOCKOLFL
%! O*KJ?KINO<M@LO?NGNFJMJNILOELFL?OEM/OBL=N'N-N!O1B
ENBNOCKOAMEN-KO=KIL;MBNOAJKB?KEOFLIEJLDKJ>M:OALGK<ILOHOHJGFLC
6JAGFNOD@NBNOMOAJKBGENDIM;MO*H=LG@LDKIGFL=OLB<LJNOBLILGKOIN
)JHOKF@NJN;MCHOLOLGIMDN-HO>NCKBIM9FKOCH=LG@LDKIGFKOBJ.NDK
LFOHO3HGMCMOEJNCKOJKDL@H;MCN:OHO4KGNJN<MCMOCKOAJL=@N8KIN
BK?LFJNEGFNOJKAH<@MFN:ONOLIBNOCKOHOGFHA8EMIMOM>=@NGNIL
HCKBM-K-KOGNO3H?HIMCL?O+!O?NJENO55%,
6@L?OKIEJN@IM/OGM@N7O1G?NIGFLO;NJGEDLOMO4H=NJGFN
FNAMEH@MJNCH7O0HGEJLH=NJGFNOGKOJNGANBN7O NOCH=HO<MD8K
0HGEJLH=NJGFKOAJL=@N8KINOJ.NDNO6@LDKIN;N:O#JDNENOMO6J<N7
$LCDLBMINOMO6JK?OGKOAJMF&H9HCHO6J<MCM7O$K@MFNOINJLBIN
GFHA8EMINO+LB=LJM9FNOGFHA8EMIN,O=@NGNO>NOHCKBM-K-KOHOCKBIH
BJ.NDHOGNO6J<MCL?7O4L.M"IMOHGENINF:OFLCMOCKOALBGENFNLOGDJ=IHEM
FJN&O MFL@N:OAJLEMDOLB@HFNOLB=LJM9FKOGFHA8EMIKOOAJLANBN
NJLBILODK"KOJ.NDKO6@LDKIN;N:O#JDNENOMO6J<NOBLILGMOLB@HFH
LOHCKBM-K-HOGNO6J<MCL?OMOLJ?MJN-HO)JN&KDMIKO6J<N:O#JDNENOM
6@LDKIN;N7O3H?HIMOHO4HFLDMIMOMOJNIGM@DNIMCMOAJMBJH.HCHOGK
3H?HIMCM
(MJLDINOFLIKJKI;MCNOHONJM>H7OGALJN>H?M?NOM>O6KI KJ?KIN
+GNO0HGEJMCL?,:O KMCNO+GNO4H=NJGFL?,OMOJMCNILINO+GNO(N'NJGFL?,
ALGEND&NCHOGKOILDKO=JNIM;KOHOCH=LMGEL9ILCODJLAM7OEKJMELJMCH
4NINENO?K'HOGL<L?OBK@KO3H?HIMCNOMO)JN&KDMINO6J<N:O#JDNENOM
6@LDKIN;N7O4H=NJGFNOAJKBNCKO2J9FLCO>NANBIHOJNFMCH7O2J9FN:
3H?HIMCNOMO*H=LG@NDMCN:ONOFNGIMCKOMO4H=NJGFNOMOHJGFN:O?LJN@KOGH
BNOALEAM8HOALGK<IKOH=LDLJKOFLCM?NOGKO=NJNIEHCHOAJNDN
IN;MLIN@IM/O?N-MINOHOLFDMJHO-M/LDM/O=JNIM;N
>OAJMGENINFOJNI;HGFK:O$K@MFKO4JMENIMCKOMO60:O2J;MOLGDNCNCH
>NANBIMOBKLO(N@KO0>MCKO+6?MJIH,:OALGEND&NCH"MOENFLO<JNIH
MEN@MCNIGFLCOKFGANI>MCMOHOEL?OJK=MLIH7O)HJBMOMO*KJ?KIM
ALFH8NDNCHOBNOGEDLJKOD@NGEMEKOIN;MLIN@IKOBJ.NDK7OAL9KENF
EHJGFL=OINJLBIL=OLEALJNOHO(N@LCO0>MCM:OALBODL'GEDL?O(HGENK
)K?N@AN8KO+FNGIMCKOIN>DNIO0ENEHJF,
(MJLDIMOH=LDLJOM>O6KDJN7OGH@ENIO(K/?KBOVI AJM/DNENOJNGANB
1G?NIGFL=O;NJGEDNO+=H<MENFONJNAGFM/O>K?N&N:O*KJ?KIMCKOM
JNFMCK7OALG@KOAKEO=LBMINO=J9FKOHAJNDKOHO6?MJIMO"KO<MEMOLBJ.NI
JKKJKIBH?7O?L=H"ILGEOIK>NDMGILGEMO)HJBMGENIN7OHEM;NCO$K@MFK
4JMENIMCK:OJNI;HGFKOMOEN@MCKOHO(N@LCO0>MCM,7OEHJGFMOIN;MLINO
@MGEMOLB<MCNCHOBNOAJM/DNEKOGALJN>H?OMOINANBNCHO*KJ?KIKOMO)HJBK
HJGFNOAL<K'HCKO=J9FHODLCGFH7OEHJGFKOGIN=KOAJKH>M?NCHOFLIEJL@H
INBO6?MJIL?>?MJL?:ONJM=JNBL?GENI<H@L?OMOMGEL9IL?
JNFMCL?

#31 112*0
(MJLDIMOH=LDLJOHOL>NIM7OAJMGM@INOJN>?KINOGENILDIM8EDNO2J9FK
MOHJGFK
)JNCO1G?NIGFL=O;NJGEDNOMO>DNIM9ILOAJL=@N8K-KO3KAH<@MFK
HJGFK
6EN?<H@MCGFMOMO0=JNJ;MO?NGNFJMJNIMOHO4H=NJGFLC
O2J9FLCOHFMIHENO?LINJ/MCNOMOGEDLJKINOJDNO=J9FNOJKAH<@MFN
NO>NGKBN-HOGFHA8EMIKOGJAGFMOIN;MLIN@MGEM9FMOALG@NIMFOM>
JIKO2LJKOH<MCNO/JDNEGFL=OAL@MEM9FL=ODL'HO6ECKANINO3NBM"N
6@L?O<KJ>KOHOHCLJFH!O2@L<N@INOBKAJKGMCNOMOKFLIL?GFNOFJM>N!
4N@FNIGFKO>K?&KOLFJK"HOGKODK"K?OBJ.NDIL?OMIEKJDKI;MLIM>?H
*H=LG@LDKIGFMOFJN&O0@KFGNIBNJO)NJN'LJ'KDM"OMOJNI;HGFM
?MIMGENJOGAL&IM/OALG@LDNOHCO4NJEHOH<MCKIMOHO(NJGKCH!O0EKIENE
M>DJ8MLOAJMANBIMFO$(31:OH>OAL?L"O/JDNEGFM/OGEN8N
EN@MCNOLFHAMJNO0@<NIMCH
JH=MOGDKEGFMOJNE7O5!O=LBMIKO3H?HIMCNOLGENCKO<K>O4KGNJN<MCKOM
GKDKJIKO4HFLDMIK:OFLCKO>NH>M?NO6LDCKEGFMO6NDK>:O>NEM?O<K>
CH.IKOL<JHK:OFLCHOLGDNCNO4H=NJGFN:OMOGKDKJIKOJNIGM@DNIMCK:
FLCNOALEANBNOALBO?N'NJGFHOD@NGEO+BNO<MO5!OLAKEOALGEN@NOBKL
3H?HIMCK,7O6M@KOLGLDMIKO55!O=LBMIKOLFHAMJNCHO*H=LG@NDMCHOM
2J9FH7OINOEKJMELJMCMO#JDNEGFKOMO4LGIKOMO#KJ;K=LDMIKO
LJ?MJNOGKO?NJMLIKEGFNON8MGEM9FNOBJ.NDNOALBOM?KIL?
K>NDMGINOJ.NDNO#JDNEGFNO+ALGELCMOBLO5!O=LBMIK,7OH
*H=LG@NDMCM:O2J9FLCOMO0@<NIMCMOJN'NOGKOANJEM>NIGFMOALFJKE7
4H=NJGFNOMO3H?HIMCNOALGENCHOGNDK>IM;KO6M@NOLGLDMIKOM
GHAJLEGEND&NCHOGKOGNDK>IM;M?N:ONO5!O=LBMIKOLFHAMJNOM/
6LDCKEGFMO6NDK>7OALO>NDJ8KEFHOJNEN:OFL?HIMGEMOBL@N>KOINO
D@NGEOHO0@<NIMCM:O4H=NJGFLC:O3H?HIMCMOMO*H=LG@NDMCM:ON@MOIKOMO
HO2J9FLCOMOHJGFLC
*H=LG@NDMCNOALGENCKOKBKJN;MCNO8KGEOJKAH<@MFNO+4LGINOM
#KJ;K=LDMIN:O#JDNEGFN:O(NFKBLIMCN:OJINO2LJN:O6J<MCNOM
6@LDKIMCN,OMOBDKONHELIL?IKOALFJNCMIKO+)LGLDLOMO$LCDLBMIN:OL<KOH
GNGENDHO6J<MCK,7OAJK?NOHGENDHOM>O5!O=LBMIKOGNDK>IL
JHFLDLBGEDLOM?NOL=JL?INOLD@N8"K-N:O9NFOMOBLBNEILOLCN9NIN
F&H9IL?OH@L=L?OFLCHOM?NO;KIEJN@M>LDNINO)L?HIMGEM9FNOANJEMCN
*H=LG@NDMCKO+LBO5!O=LBMIKOALBOM?KIL?O6NDK>OFL?HIMGEN
*H=LG@NDMCK,
2JN'NIGFMOJNEOHO2J9FLC
KLJ?N@IMOJKKJKIBH?OINO)MAJH:OINOFLCK?O2J;MOEJN.K
HCKBM-K-KOGO2J9FL?7O$K@MFNO4JMENIMCNOINOELOIKOAJMGENCK
L9KENFOLJH.NIL=OGHFL<NOGNO4JMENI;M?NOINO)MAJH
K8FMOKEIM9FMOGHFL<MOINO)MAJH
$K@MFNO4JMENIMCN:O2J9FNOMOHJGFNOGKOBL=LDNJNCHOLOGEDNJN-H
IK>NDMGIKOFMANJGFKOBJ.NDK:OHOFLCLCO"KO.MDKEMO2J;MOMOHJ;M
NO)MAJHOGEDLJKINOIK>NDMGINOBJ.NDNO
O*H=LG@NDMCMOBLIKGKIOILDMOGNDK>IMOHGEND7OJKAH<@MFKOBL<MCNCH
ILDNOLD@N8"K-N:ONOANJEMCGFKOGEJHFEHJKOGKOLBDNCNCHOLBOBJ.NDIM/7
JK@NEMDINO@M<KJN@M>N;MCNOMOCN9N-KOAL>M;MCNOJKAH<@M9FM/
HIF;MLIKJNOL?L=H"NDNCHOH>@KEOIN;MLIN@M>?N:OINJL9MELOIN

0*OO3 0$OO*2161 1*O$31
)LGLDHOMOHO#JDNEGFLCO+/JDNEGFLOAJL@K"K ,:O8ELOCKOMELOH=H8ML
5!O=LBMIK
)MANJGFMOHJ;MOM>@N>KOM>OD@NBKO><L=OJNGA@N?GNDN-NOKEIM9FM/
GHFL<N
O2J9FLCODLCINO/HIEN
O*H=LG@NDMCMOGKOBLILGMOILDMOHGEND:OFLCM?OCH=LG@LDKIGFK
JKAH<@MFKOBL<MCNCHODK"HONHELIL?MCH
2J9FMODLCIMOAH9OINO)MAJH:O9MCMOCKO;M&OAJMGNCKBM-K-KOEL=OLGEJDN
2J9FLC7OEHJGFKOEJHAKO>NH>M?NCHOGKDKJIMOBKLO)MAJN
O2J9FLCOALILDLOHGALGEND&KINOBK?LFJNEMCN
?MJKOMEL:OAJMDJKBNOAJLANBN:ONOHAJFLGOJLEN;MLIL?O
GMGEK?HOD@NGEMOGNDK>IKOMIGEMEH;MCKOHO*H=LG@NDMCMO=H<KOIN
@K=MEM?MEKEH
2J9FNOALGENCKO9@NIM;NODJLAGFKO>NCKBIM;K
JL=@N8KINOHJGFNO3KAH<@MFNO6KDKJIMO)MANJ:OFLCHOAJM>INCK
GN?LOHJGFN:ONOLB<N;HCKO6NDKEO<K><KBILGEMO
O6J<MCMO6@L<LBNIO(M@L8KDM"OBL@N>MOINOD@NGE
NBOFL?HIM>?NOHOGEL9ILCODJLAM7OHO4H=NJGFLCOLBLJO MDFLD
?MJILOGM@N>MOGOD@NGEM:OBLFOHO3H?HIMCMOM><MCNOJKDL@H;MCN7
HGALGEND&NCHOGKOBK?LFJNEGFMODM8KANJEMCGFMOGMGEK?MOMOAJK@N>M
GKOINOEJ.M8IHOAJMDJKBH
3NGANBO*H=LG@NDMCKOMOLJ?MJN-KOIK>NDMGIM/OIN;MLIN@IM/
BJ.NDNO6@LDKIMCK:O#JDNEGFKO+55,:ONOALEL?O+5,OMO4LGIKOM
#KJ;K=LDMIK:O4MD8KO*H=LG@LDKIGFKO3KAH<@MFKO(NFKBLIMCK:
6NDK>IKO3KAH<@MFKO*H=LG@NDMCKO+6J<MCNOMOJINO2LJN,
O0@<NIMCMOHDKBKIODM8KANJEMCGFMOGMGEK?
3NGANBNOGKO6LDCKEGFMO6NDK>7O4KGNJN<MCNOALGENCKOIK>NDMGIN
+3KAH<@MFNO(L@BNDMCN,
3NEOM>?K'HO6J<NOMO#JDNENOHO#JDNEGFLC:OH>O?K8N-KO* 0
3KLJ=NIM>N;MCNODJLAGFKO>NCKBIM;KOHODJLAGFHOHIMCHO+GALJN>H?
M>O(NGEJM/EN,
3NEOHO4LGIMOMO#KJ;K=LDMIM:OH>OH9K8"KO*H=LG@LDKIGFKOINJLBIK
NJ?MCK:ONOFNGIMCKOMO6J<MCK
OOBLIKGKINOLB@HFNOLOAL9KEFHOAJK=LDLJNOLOAJMBJH.MDN-H
ALGEFL?HIMGEM9FM/O>K?N&NOGEL9IKODJLAK
KCELIGFMOMONJMGFMOGALJN>H?:OFLCM?OCKO>NDJ8KIOJNEOHO4LGIMOM
#KJ;K=LDMIM
6ALJN>H?O3H?HIMCKOMO(N'NJGFKOFLCM?OGKOAL<L&8NDNCH
?K'HBJ.NDIMOMO?K'HKEIM9FMOLBILGM
NO)LGLDHOJNEOM>?K'HON@<NIGFKO1G@L<LBM@N9FKODLCGFKO)LGLDNOM
$LCGFKO*H=LG@NDMCK
01ODLBMOJNEOAJLEMDO*H=LG@NDMCK:OAJKBGKBIMFO6@L<LBNI
(M@L8KDM"OCKOAJMIH'KIOBNO)LGLDLOAJKBNOALBOHAJNDHOCKBM-KIM/
IN;MCN
GAK8INOJKDL@H;MCNOHO*H=LG@NDMCMOAJLEMDOJK.M?NO6@L<LBNIN

#31 112*0
(M@L8KDM"N7OAL9M-KOEJNI>M;MCNOFNOBK?LFJNEGFL?OAL@MEM9FL?
GMGEK?H
1JH.NIMOGHFL<OM>?K'HO<K><KBILGIM/OGIN=NO4*3O(NFKBLIMCKOM
0 0O+0@<NIGFNO N;MLIN@INO0J?MCN,!O>O?K'HINJLBIL
ALGJKBLDN-K:OLFLI9NIMOGHFL<MOMOAJL?K-KIOGENDOFLCM?OGK
L<K><K'HCHOAJNDNO0@<NIN;NOMOBJH=M/O?N-MINO3KAH<@MFK
(NFKBLIMCK
L=LDLJO6J<MCKOMOJIKO2LJKOLOAJMDJK?KIL?OLBJ.N-HO>NCKBIM;K:
H>O?L=H"ILGEOJN>BDNCN-NOALG@KOEJMO=LBMIK
F@L-KINO>K@KINO@MIMCN OFLCNOBK@MO)MANJ7OAJDMOAHEOLBO5!
=LBMIKO=J9FMOMOEHJGFMO)MAJNIMOG@L<LBILOFL?HIM;MJNCHO
NO)MAJHOGKOLBJ.NDNOJKKJKIBH?OLO0INILDL?OA@NIHO>N
HCKBM-K-K7OEHJGFMO)MAJNIMOA@NIOAJM/DNENCH:ON@MO=NO=J9FM
LB<N;HCH
6@LDKIMCNOMO)MANJO+LBILGILOGN?LOALBJH9CNOALBOFLIEJL@L?
FMANJGFM/O2JFN,OALGENCHO9@NIM;KODJLAGFKOHIMCK
#JDNEGFNOMOHJGFNO>NAL9K@KOAJK=LDLJKOLOAJMBJH.MDN-H
DJLAGFLCOHIMCM
6J<MCNOMOJINO2LJNOALGEN@KOIK>NDMGIKOBJ.NDK
(NFKBLIMCNOALGEN@NOBJ.NDNFNIBMBNEO>NO9@NIGEDLOHODJLAGFLC
HIMCM
4H=NJGFNOMO3H?HIMCNOALGEN@KO9@NIM;KODJLAGFKOHIMCK
)LGLDLOAJL=@NGM@LOIK>NDMGILGE7O NJLBINOGFHA8EMINO6J<MCK
ALIM8EM@NOLB@HFHOLOIK>NDMGILGEMO6FHA8EMIKO)LGLDN

P?PQB 2X\S]M
Y[T[Y]WU]O\D
K]OS]YWS\D
RXE]T]
(&0
B7
-!"Q-"&

1GFPLP5NQKP;OMKPEKO'QCL,PFPQ;O+NFOQOQIJ?NJO
=]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
Y\WV
TZHYZ
@YZ
N[WU[QZ
UZS
[RWS[X]
VLO]TY[P
V
N[WOZRF]
RT]
TZS]
8ZTZUY]ZWU\
WZ
TZS
V
:TX[N\
WP]UX]
TZS[P
Y]I\Q]
QZX
QZ
U]R]
N[WU[Q]O]
Q]S]
TZM]
\MPZ<V
X]<]F]
Y]I\Q]
\
N[O\U\HS\D
NX[IZW]
>N]S
Y\
V
%I%
TZSV
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
Y\WV
K\OZ
Y\U\
QZR\Y\
Y\U\
R[P\Y]YUY\
[KO\S
N[O\U\HS[L
[XL]Y\M[T]F]

MY]H]QY]
QZ
K\O]
\
NX\N]RJ
Y[WU
LXVN]P]
S[QZ
WV
P]FZ
[R
Y]I\QZ
XZL\[Y]OY\PO[S]OY\P
\O\
YZS\P
RXVL\P
RXVGUTZY\P
LXVN]P]
;ZO\L\Q]
QZ
U]S[<Z
M]
TZC\YV
BVR\
\
R]BZ
K\O]
[R
SBVHY[L
MY]H]Q]
\]S[
QZ
N[WUZJ
NZY[
N[HZO]
R]
N[U\WSVQZ
M]\YUZXZW[T]Y[WU
M]
P]UZX\Q]OY[
KO]L[WU]FZ
=\WV
WT\
Y]
\WU\
Y]H\Y
R[E\TB]T]O\
WT[QV
NX\N]RY[WU
Y]I\Q\
Y\U\
WZ
WP]UX]O[
"Y[XP]OY\P!
R]
WT]S]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
LXVN]
\P]
WT[QV
RXE]TV
;]MO\H\U\
WU]T[T\
\
N[O\U\HSZ
[NI\QZ
VU\I]OZ
WV
Y]
\WU[X\QV
%I%
TZS]
V
TZC[Q
PZX\
YZL[
GU[
WP[
P\
U[
R]Y]W
WNXZPY\
R]
NX\MY]P[
>N]S
Y]
I\[
J
Y]O\M]P
QZ
W
TXZPZY[P
N[O]S[
Q]H][
T\GZY]I\[Y]OY]
I]XWUT]
WV
WO]K\O]
\
Y]
SX]QV
WZ
X]WJ
N]O]
]
WTZ
T\GZ
N[O\U\HS\D
ZYU\UZU]
R[K\Q]O[
QZ
[KO\HQZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
4VL[\WU[HY]
:TX[N]
Y\QZ
\MVMZU]S
V
N[LOZRV
U[L
[NGZL
ZTX[NWS[L
[KX]WI]
>]S[
WV
Y]Q
TZ
J
C\P
RZO[P
U[L
N[RXVHQ]
[R

L[R\YZ
TO]R]O]
Y]RY]I\[Y]OY]
I]XWUT]
U[S[P
XIX TZS]
WV
WZ
Q]T\O\
Y]I\[Y]OY\
N[SXZU\
]
N[
[S[YH]FV
2XT[L
WTZUWS[L
X]U]
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
WV
NXZ[TO]<\T]OZ
>WU[X\Q]
WZ
YZM]VWU]TB\T[
SXZU]O]
S]
S[Y]HY[P
UX\QVP+V
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
=[
\N]S
\WU[X\QWS]
ZT[OVI\Q]
QZ
K\O]
PY[L[
WO[EZY\Q]
YZL[
GU[
QZ
U[
NX\S]M]Y[
V
N[QZR\Y\P
TZXM\Q]P]
\WU[X\QZ
A]P[
WV
YZSZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
LXVNZ
VWNZOZ
R]
WUT[XZ
TO]WU\UZ
Y]
I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
8XVLZ
V
U[PZ
Y\WV
VWNZOZ
H]S
\
[YZ
VWNZGYZ
S[OZK]OZ
WV
WZ
\MPZ<V
X]MO\H\U\D
N[O\U\HS\D
[NI\Q]
]
M]
S[Y]H]Y
\WD[R
Y\WV
K\O\
NXZWVRY\
W]P[
N[UZM\
W]P\D
]SUZX]
TZC
\
PZG]FZ
TZO\S\D
W\O]
\
VU\I]Q
WTZUWS\D
\WU[X\QWS\D
NX[IZW]
7
[T[P
N[LO]TBV
WZ
[KX]<VQV
WOZRZCZ
UZPZ#
VMX[I\
YZM]R[T[BWUT]
N[QZR\Y\P
I]XWS\P
XZE\P\P]
G\XZFZ
Y]I\[Y]O\WU\HSZ
\RZ[O[L\QZ
PZ<VY]X[RY\
[RY[W\
\
PZG]FZ
TZO\S\D
W\O]
VHZWY\I\
V
K[XK\
M]
Y]I\[Y]OY[
[WO[K[<ZFZ
F\D[T\
P[U\T\
\
NX[LX]P\#
Y]H\Y\
K[XKZ
M]
\MLX]RFV
Y]I\QZRXE]TZ
\WD[R\
UZ
K[XKZ
W
N[WZKY\P
Y]LO]WS[P
Y]
X]MO\H\UZ
S[PNX[P\WZ
S[Q\
WV
VU\I]O\
Y]
S[YSXZUYZ
XZMVOU]UZ
2[GU[
WV
[TZ
UZPZ
V
WUT]XY[WU\
\WNXZJ
NOZUZYZ
[YZ
WV
\WNXZNOZUZYZ
\
V
\WU[X\QWS\P
\MT[X\P]
[R]KX]Y\P
M]
[T]Q
NX\XVHY\S
N]
WP[
WU[L]
\MT[XZ
Y]TZO\
DX[Y[O[GS\P
XZR[P
YZ
Y]WU[QZC\
R]
WZ
RXE\P[
YZS[L
UZP]UWS[L
WDZP]U\MP]
?O\
NXZRO]EZP[
T]P
\N]S
R]
U]KZOV
Y]
SX]QV
[T[L
N[LO]TB]
N[NVY\UZ
UZP]P]
S[QZ
WZ
U\HV
N[QZR\Y\D
\WU[X\QWS\D
\MT[X]
@T\P
\MK[X[P
UZSWU[T]
YZ
P[EZP[
Y]X]TY[
R]
[KVDT]U\P[
WTZ
ZOZPZYUZ
\
R[NX\Y[WZ
V
NX[IZWV
WUT]X]F]
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
7TZXZY\
WP[
R]
CZ
Y]WU]TY\J
I\
\
VHZY\I\
V
WT]S[Q
MZPB\
\
W]P\
P[C\
R]
R[R]QV
MY]H]QYZ
N[R]USZ
[
U[P
NX[IZWV
\
P\
\D
[DX]KXVQZP[
R]
VM
N[P[C
[T[L
NX\XVHY\S]
X]WNX]TB]QV
[
XZOZT]YUY\P
\MT[X\P]
)\B
[T[L
N[LO]TB]
QZWUZ
R]
N[S]EZ
S]S[
QZ
V
%I%
\
N[HZUS[P
%%
TZS]
K\O[
PY[L[
X]MO\H\U\D
NXZRO[J
L]
M]
N[O\U\HS[
XZGZFZ
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
N\U]F]
7TZXZY\
WP[
R]
CZ
VT\R
V
UV
X]MY[O\S[WU
N[P[C\
R]
WZ
K[BZ
NX\NXZP\P[
M]
N[O\U\HSZ
[ROVSZ
S[QZ
CZP[
P[X]U\
R]
R[Y[W\P[
V
%%I
TZSV
B6
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
I=BAQ"CKMJQ&L2HNQOQFLM?N(Q?LN@PQ?OJP5I
MJOPQNJOMCPHJPQ9B0*B:
4[W\+
-ZW\[R]SW
*[S[
0',
:TX[N]
QZ
M]\WU]
N[UXZKY]
/XHS[Q QZX
[Y]
QZR]Y
[R
T[RZC\D
\YUZOZSUV]O]I]
XVIII TZS]
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
"-ZW\
[
J
R]Y]W
X]WN[O]EZ
PY[L\P
T]EY\P
MY]F\P]
R]SW!
Y\QZ
NXZ
M\
PZ
TZC
[MY]S]
ZUY\HS[L
\M
X]MY\D
[KO]WU\
S[Q]
/XHS[Q
YZR[WU]QV
N[XZSO]
*"8]H]
Y\Y
\M
-ZM\QZ!,
>]S[
QZ
N[
J
!LLL" =[T]
/XHS]
P[X]
W
R[WU[Q]YWUT[P
NX\DJ XZSO[P
\M
TO]GSZ
N[X[R\IZ
]
P]UZXF\
QZ
J
T]U\U\
[Y[
GU[
Q[Q
:TX[N]
N[SO]F]
:TX[N] M\S
PV
QZ
XVPVYWS\
-ZW\[R]SW
WZ
[KX]M[T][
QZ
/XHS[Q
M]DT]OY]
[Y]
WZ
YZ
[RX\HZ
Y\ Y]
LXHS[P
S][
GU[
QZ
\
K\O[
V[K\H]QZY[
M]
WTZUO[WU\
S[QV
Q[Q
QZ
/XHS]
R]X\T]O]
Y\U\ K]OS]YWSZ
NX]
T[
WO]T
IZ
V
XVIII TZSV
2[WOZ
WT[L
RVL]
NXZP]
/XHS[Q
ANXZPY]
QZ
R] WUVR\Q]
V
A[OVYV
\
AP\XY\
-ZW\[R]SW
QZ
/XHS[Q
NXVE\
X]MYZ
TXWUZ
MY]F] [KX]M[T]FZ
Y]WU]
T\[
S[R
:TLZY\Q]
.VO
L]
J
!LLL" $\U]T]
:TX[N]
W]E]BZT]
/XHSV
\
W]
[WZ
J X\W]
V
?U[Y\]W
GS[
O\
Y]
ATZU[Q
L[X\
C]
W
F[P
YZ
W]P[
M]U[
GU[
X[KVQZ
TZC
\
MK[L *'('',
=]N\W][
QZ
VKZY\S
V
S[QZP
WZ
[WZC]
VU\I]Q
\RZQ]
[Y]
[S]
*6,
M]U\P
U[L]
GU[
Q[Q
YZR[WU]QZ
[KX]M[T]F]
APZ
UZ
O\
"3Z[X\QV
LZ[LX]+\QZ!
*,
\
"?N[O[L\QV!
R]
M]YZP]X\UZ
N]UFZ
WT[QZ
MZP
BZ
T\
S[Q\ *,
]
K\[
QZ
\
VH\UZB
W\Y[T\P]
?OZS
W]Y
J
WUZ
\WSXZY\
\
WUT]XY\
N[U[PI\
/XHSZ
[YZ RX]
>NW\O]YU\Q]
TO]
R]
X]
1O]GSZ
7
"-[
J
S[Q]
QZ
K\O]
VM[X
\
PZX\O[
M]
H\
U]T
WTZU5 X]O
Y[Q
+\O[M[+\Q\!
-Z
W\
[
R]SW
\WU\HZ
"K]O
J
/RZ
T]P
QZ
[WZC]Q
H]WU\
S[Q\
WV
\P]
O\
T]G\ S]YWSV
R\PZYM\QV!
LXHSZ
SVOUVXZ
V
XVIII TZSV
NXZI\5
/RZ
QZ
R[P\GB]U[WU
T]
G\D
[HZT] \
M]O]EZ
WZ
M]
S[WP[
N[
O\UWS\
DVP]Y\M]P
S[Q\
WV
VPZO\
R]
W]TO]R]QV
WT]
SV
NXZNXZSV5 NX[WTZU\UZBWUT]
AT[QZ
RZO[
[Y
QZ
N[WTZU\[
/RZ
QZ
U]Q
LXHS\
RVD
S[Q\
MK[L
WT[L
\WU]YH]Y[L G\XZFV
M]N]RY\D
\RZQ]
Y]
.]OS]YV
N[WXZRJ
VSVW]
Y\QZ
MY][
M]
RXV
L\
I\B
[W\P
OZN[UZ5 WUT[P
LXHS[L
[KX]M[T]
F]
X]R\[
QZ
Y]
VMR\
J
8]Y]W
WV
WTZ
ZTX[NWSZ
Y]I\QZ
VHZYZ
\
SVOJ M]FV
[KX]M[T]F]
PZ<V
[WU]O\P
K]OS]YWS\P
Y]X[R\P]
ZP[U\TY[
\
\YUZOZSUV]OY[
NX\DJ
UVXYZ
]
/XI\
\
;\PB]Y\
WV
PY[
LZ
[R
F\D
T]U]QVC\
N[Q]P
"LXHS\!
S][
[MY]H\UZB
G\XZL
]S[
YZ
\
WTZ
Y]M\T]O\
T]XT]XWS\P SVOUVXY[L
SXVL]
Z
L[
T[
RZO[
QZ
Y]
N[RXVHQZ
!LLL" 3XZK]
O\
R]
T\
N[U[PI\
U\D
VMT\GZY\D QVL[\WU[HYZ
:TX[NZ
Q[G
NXZ

L[R\YZ
VTZ
J
/XS]
NXT\D
VH\UZB]
OZN[UZ
\
PVRX[WU\
KV
J O[
RXVGUTZYV
SX\U\SV
\
N[O\U\HS\
WSZNU\J
RZ
UZ
QZR\Y\
S[Q\
CZ
N[RY[W\U\
YZN\WPZY[WU I\M]P
U\N\H]Y
M]
NX[WTZU\UZBWUT[
QZR\Y\
S[Q\
CZ
UXNZU\
YZMY]FZ
\
U]PV
VPZWU[
WTZUO[WU\
MY]F]

U[
QZWU
D[
CZ
UZ
O\
S][
GU[
N[WO[T\I]
S]EZ
K]I\U\
MO]U[
]
M]RXE]U\
K]S]X5
=Z
YZ
/XHS]
W]R
P[X]
X]WN\X\U\
WT[Q
E]X 9]S]T
QZ
[RY[W
:TX[NZ
\
/XHSZ
V
N[TX]U\U\
WT[QV
[ROVHY[WU
R]
WZ
VWPZX\
S] -ZW\[R]SW[T[Q
T\M\Q\5
W]TXGZYWUTV
WZU\U\
WZ
WT[QZ
WO]TYZ
NX[G
O[
J ]GU[
-ZW\[R]SW
Y]LO]G]T]
\MVMZU
J
WU\

RXVL\P
XZH\P]
P[X]
N[S]M]U\
WTZ
UV
R] Y[WU
WU]XZ
/XHSZ5
]S[
Y\GU]
RXVL[
V
F[Q
Q[G
VTZS
E\TZ
/XI\
Moesiodax, "\O[M[+\Q]
P[X]O]!
*&,
V#
Kitromilides
WUX

J(

-ZW\[R]SW
VN[UXZKB]T]
\MX]MZ
%ZO]R]
\
%ZOZY\
R[S
RXVL\
VHZY\
BVR\
\M
FZL[T[L
TXZPZY]
S[X\WUZ
"G('$%!
9]R]
WZ
P\WO\
Y]
P[RZXYV
LXHSV
RXE]TV
[YR]
V
NXZT[RV
S[X\WU\P[
\MX]MZ
/XI\
\
/XHS]
B1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
I=4AQJGMLODJHOQGN@N+OQ7I>PLJHNQKP;ODN( QZ
K\O[
Y]QP[CY\QZ
\
Y]QVLOZRY\QZ
[R
WT\D
?MQLN2O@PQ-PDJODPQOEPKCPL;PQ9B0*4: WO[TZYWS\D
NOZPZY]
U]S[
QZ
K\O[
\
W]
KV
J
L]X
WS\P
QZM\S[P
S][
GU[
W]P
\
[N\W][
DX[
J
AOVG]QUZ
N]EB\T[
H\U][I\
\
WOVG][I\ Y[O[GS\P
XZR[P
V
[T[Q
\WU[X\QWS[Q
SF\
M\
KVL]XWS\
Y]X[RZ
T\
S[Q\
WT[Q
Y]X[R
\
WT[QV 7
\WU[X\Q\
PY[L\D
RXVL\D
Y]X[R]
.VL]X\
WZ
[U]K\YV
T[O\UZ
\
HVT]UZ
V
WXIV
T\
S[Q\ N[P\FV
M]U[
GU[
QZ
WTZ
GU[
W]P
[
.VL]X\P]
K\
WUZ
T[OZO\
R]
Y]VH\UZ
\
MY]UZ
GU]
QZ XZS][
N[UNVY]
\WU\Y]
VUTX<ZY[
[
T]GZP
KVL]XWS[P
N[XZSOV
T]
J Paisiy
WUX
6J0
G\P
[HZT\P]
NXZI\P]
\
I]XZT\P]
N]UX\J
Q]XW\P]
\
WTZI\P]
S]S[
WV
[Y\
E\TZO\
\ 2]QW\QZ
%\O]YR]X]I
*00,
P[Y]D
P]Y]WU\X]
%\O]YR]X
Y]
ATZU[Q
NX[
T[R\O\
R]YZ
2[UXZKY[
QZ
\
S[X\WY[
L[X\
2XT\
QZ
\MYZ[
\RZQV
KVL]XWS[L
Y]I\[
J
\P]U\
V
N]PZU\
GU]
WZ
MY]
[
RZO\P]
T]G\D Y]O
Y[L
NXZN[X[R]
N\GVC\
%EDIFJ=AL E>KB=KL2
[HZT]
S][
GU[
\
Y]X[R\
RXVL\D
NOZPZY] GIL<A;KFECA &0
L[R\YZ
MY]QV
WT[QZ
N[XZSO[
\
QZM\S
\P]QV
\WU[X\QV
\
WT]S[
S[
VPZ
R]
H\U]
MY]
UV
\WU[X\QV
NXZ
J
NX\
H]T]
QZ
\
N[Y[W]Y
QZ
Y]
WT[QZ
N[XZSO[
\
QZM\S
]GU[
QZ
2]QW\QZ
Y]N\W][
UV
SF\LV5
9]S[
P\
R]Y]W
P[EZP[
X]MVPZU\
4]
W]P
T]P
R]SOZ
DX[Y[O[GS\
NXZRWU]T\[ FZL[TZ
XZH\5
WTZ
GU[
QZ
[USX\TZY[
[
T]GZP
N[XZSOV
\ 9]ST]
QZ
K\O]
VO[L]
LXHS[L
QZM\S]
V
QVL[J
QZM\SV
$\U]QUZ
\
VH\UZ
S]S[
T]P
WZ
YZ
K\ \WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
XVIII TZS]5
8]
O\
QZ
M]
N[R
WPZT]O]
\
M]R\XS\T]O]
T]W
RXVL]
NOZJ Y]I\[Y]OY\
\RZYU\UZU
T]EY\Q]
TZX]
\O\
PZY]
\
RXVL\
Y]X[R\
2XZN\WVQUZ
[TV
SF\
J QZM\S5
E\
IV
\O\
NO]U\UZ
[Y\P]
S[QV
VPZQV
R]
N\GV
S]S[
K\
T]P
QZ
NXZN\W]O\
\
YZP[QUZ
R[MT[
J
O\U\
R]
QZ
YZWU]YZ
8]
\P]
BVR\
S[Q\
M]YZJ I=/AQF>NKODNQIE>PLOJQJNQ<PEP,NQL2HIQCL,PFIQ9MHMQB00.:
WUX]
Y[Q
SVOUVX\
\
WUX]Y[P
QZM\SV
\
YZ
KX\
J
YV
[
WT[P
KVL]XWS[P
QZM\SV
@Y\
VHZ
R]
H\
J @WP]YWS[
I]XWUT[
QZ
UXZYVUY[
WO]K[
YZ
W]
J
U]QV
\
N\GV
Y]
LXHS[P
\
WU\RZ
WZ
R]
NX\MY]J P[
MK[L
U[L]
GU[
QZ
FZL[T]
T[QWS]
YZ
\WSVW
J
QV
R]
WV
.VL]X\
@
U\
WPZGY\
\MX[R\
]
G
J Y]
\
YZR[T[BY[
VTZEK]Y]
TZC
\
MK[L
YZM]
J
U[
WZ
WU\R\UZ
R]
S]EZUZ
R]
WUZ
.VL]X\
\ R[
T[BWUT]
FZL[T\D
N[R]Y\S]
?S[
[Y[
M]GU[
YZ
N\GZUZ
\
YZ
L[T[X\UZ
P]UZXF\P NXT[
\WD[R\
\M
U[L]
GU[
WZ
YZ
VPZ
T[QWS[P
QZM\S[P5
-\WO\UZ
O\
R]
.VL]X\
Y\WV
\P]O\ XVS[T[R\U\
[T[
RXVL[
QZ
NX[\M]GO[
\M
WT[QZ
I]XWUT[
\
WT[QV
MZPBV5
-Y[L[
WV
L[
J NO\PZ
YZM]R[T[BWUT]
7
)]XWUTV
E\TZ
R\
Y]
[Y\
TO]R]O\
\
K\O\
WO]TY\
N[MY]U\
V /XI\
S[Q\
WV
S][
U[O\S\
PY[L\
RVL[
U\X]
Y\
J
H\U]T[P
WTZUV
\
PY[L[
NVU]
WV
\P
P[CY\ W]
Y\
\
S[Q\
S]R
T\RZ
R]
WUZLZ
\
N]UFZ
K\
J
;[
P]Y\
\
PVRX\
/XI\
NO]C]O\
R]Y]S
? T]QV
TZCZ
P[LV
Y]
WT[QZ
U\X]YZ
R]
LOZR]QV
I]XZT\
\
SX]BZT\
WV
R]T]O\
WT[QZ
SCZX\ W]P[
W]
Q[G
TZC[P
[L[XHZY[GCV
Y]G\P
I]XZT\P]
M]
EZYZ
R]
K\
E\TZO\
V !LLL" ?
]S[
T]XT]XWS]
\
U\X]YWS]
UVXWS]
P\XV
W
KVL]XWS\P
I]XZT\P]
.VL]X\
WV
K\O\ TO]WU
KVRZ
P[X]O]
R]
R
WO[K[RV
3]
U]X
W
J
NXT\
[R
WO[TZYWS\D
NOZPZY]
S[Q\
WV
WZK\ S[Q
\
8]S\Q\0 U]P[
\
2ZO[N[YZMV
\O\
YZS[P
N[WU]T\O\
I]XZTZ
NXT\
S[Q\
WV
\P]O\ RXVL[P
SVUSV
/XHSZ
[TRZ
\
U[
N[WU]YZ
VU[
J
N]UX\Q]XDZ
S[Q\
WV
NX\P\O\
DX\GC]YWUT[
\ H\G
UZ
\
PZWU[
LRZ
CZ
WZ
[RP[X\U\
N[RQ]XP
J
[WT[Q\O\
Y]QTZCZ
UZX\U[X\QZ
2XT\
WO[TZYJ BZY\
/XI\
[YR]
CZ
WZ
Y]T[RY[
N[XZPZU\J
WS\
WTZI\
WV
K\O\
.VL]X\
\
KVL]XWS[
NOZPZ U\
X]TY[UZE]
P[C\
V
:TX[N\
AT]S]
0
9X\PV
\
;VPVY\Q\
B<
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
YZR]C]
YZNX\Q]UZB]
DX\GC]YWUT]
K\CZ
Y]
GUZUV
DX\GC]YWS[L
WTZU] 2ZU]X
2ZUX[T\C
ZL[G
*(,
Voulgaris
WUX

( IXY[L[XWS\
P\UX[N[O\U
\
TO]R]X
[R
(
R[

L[R\YZ
7
K\US]P]
Y]
-]XU\J
Y\C\P]
\
9XVW\P]
6&
L[R\YZ
NXZRT[R\[
:TLZY\QZ
1VOL]X\W
QZ
X[<ZY
Y]
9X+V IXY[L[XWSV
T[QWSV
R[
N[KZRZ
NX[U\T
-]DPVUJ
&
L[R\YZ
RVL[
QZ
E\TZ[
S][
VH\
J N]GZ
.VG]UO\QZ
\M
AS]RX]
=]S[Y
[T\D
N[KZJ
UZB
OVU]QVC\
[R
PZWU]
R[
PZWU]
N[U[P
QZ
K\[ R]
NX[G\X\[
QZ
UZX\U[X\QV
)XYZ
/[XZ
\
[Y]
QZ
ZN\WS[N
V
;VW\Q\
]
VPX[
QZ
S][
P[Y]D
& WUZSO]
+]SU\HSV
YZM]T\WY[WU
[XP\X][
QZ
L[R\YZ
]O]L][
WZ
M]
VN[UXZKV
WU]X[LXHS[L 6
L[R\YZ
NXTZ
P[RZXYZ
RXE]TYZ
\YWU\UVJ
QZM\S]
K\[
QZ
O\KZX]OY\D
Y]M[X]
NXZ
T[R\[ I\QZ#
2X]T\UZBWUT[
WVR]
IXY[L[XWS[L
\
KXRJ
1[OUZX]
Y]
LXHS\
\
[KQ]T\[
QZR]Y
ZWZQ
[
U[OZ
J WS[L
*AVR,
\
]S[Y\S
X]YI\Q\
3[S[P
XVWS[JUVXWS[L
X]
U]
&(
M]O]L][
WZ
M]
[WO[K[<ZFZ
/XH
SZ
VM
N[P[C I=%AQO@OGLODNQPGPL;OJQM7DP35PFP
;VW\QZ
]
0
L[R\YZ
XVWS]
I]X\I]
9]U]
X\
J
<P3GMQJIQ&L;OQKP;ODPQOPHMQKN@PDI
Y]
II N[MT]O]
L]
QZ
V
A]YSU
2ZUZXKVXL
CL,PFIQ9B08/:
-[X]P
NX\MY]U\
R]
WP[
P\
R]Y]W
N[U
H\
FZ
J
U]
]VU[X
P\WO\
[
VO[M\
LXHSZ Y\
P[CY\Q[Q
Y]I\Q\
\
R]
Y\WP[
Y]I\Q]
S[Q]
RXE]TZ
V
:TX[N\5 \P]
WT[QV
RXE]TV
[YR]
Y]W
YZS\
X]YI\
NXZ
VM\P]QVC\
[R
?X\WU[UZO]
RZ+\Y\I\QV
I=)AQMKFNK;ODPQHMDIQJIQ;LKM>MLJHO/ LX]
<]Y\Y]
[NUVEVQV
R]
YZP]P[
[U]K\YV
?LNCJGPFKO;OQQI?IGOEOQPIJGLODJHMD ]O\
Y\QZ
U]S[#
?X\WU[UZO
S[X\WU\
!N[PZYVJ
;PLO;OQPLODOQNLN<ODOQIQ$N2QB006A UV
RZ+\Y\I\QV" R]
K\
[MY]H\[
X]MO\SV
>MCOKN \MPZ
<V
LX]<]Y]
\
X[K[T]
,H>IDKL\
:HFJ=H2
CK
S[Q\
WV
K\O\
WOVLZ
AN]XU]Y]I]
\
9X\
C]
J
8]TY[
QZ
ATZU[
1ZO\H]YWUT[
S]S[
WZ Y]
-\
PZ<VU\P
.[EQ[P
T[B[P
Y\WP[
U]S
J
)XY[L[XI\
W
[XVEQZP
V
XVI\
[UXL[GZ
[R T\
QZX
\]S[
P[ER]
YZ
VHZWUTVQZP[
Y]
WT]S\
WT\XZN[L
[U[P]YWS[L
Q]XP]
S[PZ
WV Y]H\Y
V
VNX]TB]FV
RXE]T[P
Y]G\D
L[WN[J
3VXI\
N[RTXLO\
>O\X\S
\
/XHSV
?O\ R]X]
\N]S
Y\WP[
Y\
N[UNVY[
\M
U[L]
\WSBV
J
P]
S[O\S[
R]
Y]GZP
Y]X[RV
\MLOZR] HZ
Y\
AU[L]
QZWP[
Y]I\Q]
PZ<VW[KY[
N[TZ
J
RX]L[IQZY]
U]
WO[K[R]
S]R
WZ
VN[XZR\
W M]Y\
\
N[TZM]Y\
W]
T\G[P
VNX]T[P
NXZS[
[Y\P
GU[
QZ
UXN\[
N[R
UVXWS\P
Q]XP[P IXSTZY\D
N[LO]T]X]
S[Q\
WV
N[
PY[L[
HZPV
\
[NZU
[Y
X]MVP\QZ
R]
W]P]
WO[K[R]
YZ Y]GZ
N[O\U\HSZ
T[<Z
TX\QZR\
PY[L[
V
[T[P
NX[WT\QZCZY[P !LLL" 8]SOZ
P[EZP[
XZC\#
S]R]
/XS( N[P\WJ
T\QZSV
]S[
U]
WO[K[R]
Y\QZ
VWPQZX]T]Y]
V O\
R]
QZ
N[U[P]S
2ZX\SO]
3ZP\WU[SO]
\
\WU[
TX\QZPZ
PVRX\P
M]S[Y[R]TWUT[P RXV
L\D
/XS]
F\D[T[L
X]YL]
\O\
N[X[R\I]
S[QZ
XZLVO\GZ
LX]<]YWSZ
\
NX\TXZRYZ 3Z[R[W\Q]
1ZQW]X\Q]
=]XW]W]
1VOL]X[S
U[
J
X]RFZ
7
WOVH]QV
X]U]
W
3VXWS[P
M]DU\J Y[
W]
)\P\WS\Q]
\
RXVL\D
MY]PZY\U\D
1\
J
QZT]P[
R]
T\W[S\
RT[X
VL[T[X[P
[
P\XV M]Y
U\Y]I]
\O\
R]
N[U\HZ
[R
YZS[L
WTZI]
S[Q\
K\
WZ
M]SBVH\[
N[WOZ
U[L]
X]U] \O\
\M
N[X[R\IZ
WTZI]
S]S[
P[EZ
R]
YZ
\MX]R\
[R
2[XUZ
R]
[Y]
+[XP]OY[
NX\MJ T[O\
N[U[PSZ
U]S[
TZO\S\D
BVR\5
9]S[
Y]
Y]GV
WO[K[RV
\
YZM]T\WY[WU P[
EZ
R]
PV
YZ
KVRZ
P\O]
N]UF]
V
RXVGUTV
U]ST\D
BVR\5
9]S[
P[EZ
R]
YZ
T[O\
UOZ
1O]R]Y
[X<ZT\C
WUX
&
S[QZ
QZ
F\D
[UDX]Y\O[5
?
R[S
X]WS\R]
[S[
J

)%.*(+&)* ,%+( +&,-

!.*&+* %+( .'*,%- - +*- +(&*-' .'+* .'*,%-
)%.*(+&)*
'-')+ #,$+
!. ) *(,$ ,*- "*%- ")' ",)&+(, ", -.
,&-(. ) $.&(, ),%,*) ! .'+#, .")-#,
)%.*(+&)* $.
) ",.'#) -, ",!*.&(-# - .) *(. ,*. - .'+#. .")-#.
+ #+!(-$. $.&+( ,& (+$ ,(-$- ",-'-#-
!)$.#+'+
)%.*(+&)*!'%, $. )#-()',
,&-(.
.*&+*
(+$%-+ %,$(-#+ '-')+ ) *(,$ ,*-
(
7
[X\L\Y]OV
";[P\[W!
;E
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
TZ
X[NWUT]
S]S[
P[EZ
R]
YZ
Y]U[N\
WVM]P] Y]
HZO[
XVPVYWS[L
Y]X[R]
N[UNVY[
VSO[YZ
PZWU[
Y]
S[QZP
WV
[Y\
NX[O\O\
WT[QV
SXT [N[
M[TV
\
Q]TY[
M]KX]YZ
S][
YZNX]TZRY\
\
YZS\
WO]TZ
X]R\
]
RXVL\
R]
K\
WZ
WN]WO\5 WX]PY\
U[PZ
M]DT]BVQVC\
P\O[GCV
1]GZL
Katartzis
WUX
((
(' WTZ
U[L
1ZO\H]YWUT]
XVPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
CZ
K\
J
U\
N[Y[T[
X[<ZY]
\
[NZU
VE\T]U\
V
WT\P
8\P\UX\QZ
9]U]XI\W
*,
VHZY
LX]
<]YWS\P
\
I\T\O\M]I\QWS\P
NX]T\P] !LLL"L
]Y]X\[U
;[<ZY
V
)]X\LX]RV
\
E\TZ[
V
.VSVXZGUV
LRZ
QZ
K\[
WVR\Q]
Y]
T\W[S[P
N[
O[E]QV
=]R]DYVU
NX[WTZU\UZBWS\P
\RZJ 0
AT\
[SXVM\
WZRZ' [KO]WU\
\
LX]RWSZ
M]
J
QZP]
M]P\GB][
QZ
LXHS\
WTZU
V
WSO]RV
W] QZR
Y\IZ
V
S[Q\P]
QZ
KX[Q
;VPVY]
TZC\
[R
M]N]RY\P
PZX\O\P]
\MYZWZY\P
V
8\RX[[T[Q KX[Q]
[WU]O\D
UXZK]
R]
Y[WZ
XVPVYWSZ
Y]
J
G7JC>I:H?J=J
2XZRO[E\[
QZ
[K\P]Y
NX[J M\
TZ
R[S
U]P[
LRZ
WV
RXVL\
Y]X[R\
V
TZ
C\
J
LX]P
[KX]M[TY\D
XZ+[XP\
H\QZ
QZ
WNX[
T[
<Z
J Y\
UXZK]
R]
KVRZ
F\D[T
\O\
N]S
M]QZRY\HS\
FZ
UXZK]O[
R]
KVRZ
"MY]H]Q]Y
Y]I\[Y]OY\
Y]M\T
@KKFECI2FA@AGECJ6L EKCEIGECI2FAL2
N[RVDT]U!
]
XZMVOU]U
[KX]M[T]FZ
Y]
Y]X[RJ
Y[P
QZM\SV @AGLECJ \O\
YZS\
RXVL\
\O\
UXZK]
N[UNVY[
VSO[Y\U\
Y]M\T
S[Q\
QZ
R[G][
\M
[T[L
\O\
[Y[L
Y]X[R]
\
U\
[SXVM\
WZRZ
\
[KO]WU\
UXZ
K]
R]
W]HVT]QV
Y]M\TZ
S[QZ
WV
\P]O\
\
U]
]VU[X
P\WO\
[
[RY[WV
Y]I\QZ
\ R[
W]R]
NXZP]
XZS]P]
\
UTX<]T]P]
\
UXZ
J
RXE]TZ5
]GU[
WZ
N[M\T]
Y]
\WU[
X\Q
J
WSZ
O\HY[WU\5 K]
VH\Y\U\
R]
WT\
F\D[T\
WU]Y[TY\I\
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
Y]I\QV
\
TZXV
S[X\WUZ
\
VE\T]QV
V
M]T\WY[WU\
[R
\P]F]
\
VWO[T]
"WT\D!
I=*AQ !I@IKJHPQ ?NGO;ODPQ <PQ KP;OMKPEKI \WUZ
WO[K[RZ
\
N[L[RY[WU\
\
R]
\P]QV
\WUZ
DNCKPHMJGQ IQ LPKJOEFPKODOQ #Q Supplex [K]TZMZ
[NZU
NXZP]
WT[Q\P
P[LVCY[WU\P]
Libellus Valachorum 9B06B: ATZ
GU[
QZ
XZHZY[
V
N[UNVY[WU\
R[S]MVQZ
R]
WV
[T\
M]DUZT\
M]WY[T]Y\
Y]
NX\X[RY[P
.O]L[WO[TZY\
I]XZ
?TLVWUZ NX]
TV
\
NX\YI\N\P]
LX]<]YWS[L
RXVGUT]
!LLL" ;VPVYWS\
Y]X[R
QZ
Y]QWU]X\Q\
[R
Y]X[R] S][
\
Y]
M]SBVHZY\P
WN[X]MVP\P]
S[Q\
R]Y]W
E\TZ
V
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q\
9][
GU[
Prodan
WUX
('J(&&
QZ
[NGUZ
N[MY]U[
\WU[X\Q]
YZNXZS\YVU]
UX]
R\I\Q]
\
WX[RY[WU
QZM\S]
Y]T\S]
\ 7
XVIII TZSV
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q]
QZ
K\O]
[K\H]Q]
WTZR[HZ
[
U[PZ
R]
FV
H\YZ
N[U[PJ SYZEZT\Y]
N[R
]VWUX\QWS[P
TO]GCV
I\
X\PWS\D
R[WZBZY\S]
\
PY[L[KX[QY\D
TZ
J ZY
N[O\U\HS\
W\WUZP
Y]WOZ<ZY
W
SX]Q]
UZ
X]Y]
S[QZ
QZ
N[HZUS[P
RXVL[L
TZS]
I]X WXZR
FZL
TZS]
NXZRT\<][
QZ
R]
V
TO]WU\
VHZ
J
3X]Q]Y
V
T\GZ
Y]TX]U]
WO][
[TRZ
V
8]S\QV WUTVQV
NXZRWU]TY\I\
UX\
N[O\U\HSZ
LXVN]I\J
R]
HVT]QV
NX[T\YI\QV QZ
*P]<]XWS[L
NOZPWUT]
AZSZB]
\
A]S
W[
J
!LLL" ;VPVYWS\
Y]X[R
WZ
Y]QN[Y\MY\QZ
SO]F] Y]I],
]
\WSBVH\T][
KX[QY\QZ
;VPVYZ
S[Q\P]
NXZR
NXZWU[O[P
1]GZL
1ZO\H]YWUT]
\
VM QZ
NX\MY]U[
NX]T[
"U[OZX]YI\QZ!
1[RZC\
XV
J
PVY
WS\
VHZF]I\
WV
6
L[R\YZ
M]QZRY[
W
WTZ
N[GU[T]FZ
\
N[Y\MY[WU
P[O\
WOZRZCZ#
NXZRWU]TY\I\P]
VY\Q]UWSZ
\
NX]T[WO]TYZ
IXSTZ
N[RYZO\
NZU\I\QV
V
S[Q[Q
WV
[R
I]X]

8]
WZ
VTXZRB\T\
\
NXZMX\T\
\MX]M\
S][ Z[N[OR]
II UX]E\O\
X]TY[NX]TY[WU
M]
UX]YJ
GU[
WV
@IFKLEHLDF:HDJ
@IFKLEHLGHCKCIL:FJ2 W\OT]YWSZ
;VPVYZ
S]S[
K\
WZ
\MKZL][
WVS[K
,BKDJDJ6LK>JLGHLJLA<FK=KDJL@HALEDK>H5H6L\ W
N[O\U\HS\P
WU]OZE\P]
I]X
QZ
NZU\I\QV
RXVL\
UZ
TXWUZ
S[Q\
WV
S][
WN[B]GF]
[LX]
J N[WO][
UX]YW\OT]YWS[P
8\QZUV
*WSVN
G
U\
Y\,
Y\HZF]
YZM]S[Y\U[
\
YZNX]TZRY[
VU\WYVU\ R]
[
F[Q
R[YZWZ
[ROVSV
8\QZU
QV
QZ
[RK]I\[
'
?RP\Y\WUX]U\TYZ
QZR\Y\IZ
V
[KO]WU\P]
3X]YW\OT]Y\QZ
V
S[Q\P]
E\TZ
A]SW[YI\
\
AZSZB\
;K
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
9[QZ
]XLVPZYUZ
\MY[WZ
UX]YW\OT]YWJ ]GU[
QZ
R[GO[
R[
VMKVYZ
V
TXDV
UVX
J
S\
;VPVY\5
8]
O\
V[H]T]G
VU\I]Q W
SZ
TO]WU\5
-\WO\G
O\
R]
WV
\RZQZ
X]Y
IVWSZ
XZT[OVI\QZ
Y]
[T]Q
UZSWU5 X]YIVWSZ
XZT[OVI\QZ
P[LOZ
R]
M]X]MZ
\
N[R]Y\SZ
@WP]YWS[L
I]XWUT]
V
QVL[\WJ
I=0AQILJHOQCMHI@NKGQMQLPK;IJHMD U[HY[Q
:TX[N\5
8]
O\
K\
MT]Y\HY]
[WVR]
LNFMEI;ODOQ9B068: [R
WUX]YZ
)]XWUT]
P[LO]
R]
WU]YZ
Y]
NVU
U]ST[Q
\RZ[O[GS[Q
M]X]M\5
8[KX[
QZ
N[MY]U[
R]
[WY[T]
XZR]
\
WU]K\OJ
Y[WU\
V
WT]S[Q
RXE]T\
OZE\
V
HTXWU[Q
TZ
M]
J
Y[WU\
M]
S[XZYZ
\
LX]YZ
WTZU[L
M]S[Y]
TZXZ I=8AQGO;PDQLPK;IJHNQLNFMEI;ODNQKP
\
R[SUX\YZ
]
R]
N[O\U\HS]
WXZRWUT]
Y\WV I2NKNQ+ICNQDI>MOJGM2KNQFLM?NQ#Q 0$-0
R[T[BY]
R]
K\
WZ
N[WU\L][
P\X
V
MZPB\
\ .( 0 CP@PKGOMJPQMLPOJPQ9B8..:
TO]R]O[
N[R]Y\I\P]
TZC
QZ
YV
E]Y
\
WUX]D
NXZR
.[L[P
!LLL"
\
V
R]TY]
TXZPZY]
\
W]R *],
WT]S]
RXE]T]
\
WT]S\
Y]X[R
\P]O\
WV
WT[QV 8XVL[T\
MZPB]I\
TZXV
K\O]
[Y]
\WU\Y\U]
\O\
O]EY]
>N]S 8[SOZ
CZP[
P\
X[K[T]U\
T[<Z
N[KVYZ
\
MO]
S[QZ
WZ
N[Q]T\O[
V 3\P
PVWO\P]Y\P]
DVR\P
X]YIVWS[Q
WV
Y]
Y]H\Y
Y\S]R
T\<ZY
S]S[ 3\X]Y\P]
LXHS\P5
K\
GU[
O]SGZ
[WUT]X\O\
WT[QZ
MOZ
Y]PZXZ 9VIYV[
QZ
H]W
[WTZUZ
\
VM
N[UNVY[
M]YZP]X\T]FZ
UZG
S\D
N[WOZRJ @
NX\Q]UZB\
\I]
O\G\O\
[K\HYZ
BVRZ
WUX]D]
[R
.[L]
\ 9X\S
[U]K\YZ
WTZUZ
[HZS\T]F]
M]WOVEZYZ
S]M
YZ
VH\Y\O\
WV 8[M\T]
Y]W
M]S[Y\U\P
WT]S[TXWY]
LYVWY]
RZO] 8ZI[
P[Q]
DX]KX\
/XI\
[UT[XZY[
[RK]I\O\
WT]S\
WX]P
\
NX\WU[J 2[EVX\UZ
\
PVGS]XI\
\
RZH]I\
QY[WU
\
U]S[
[UT[X\O\
NVU
R]
WZ
H\U]T
Y]X[R 9][
QZR]Y
M]QZRY[
+X]YIVWS\
WNVWU\
Y]
Y\T[
WU[SZ
?O\
Y\
U[ 7
M]LXB]Q
\P
Y\QZ
K\O[
R[T[BY[
TZC
WV
Y]GO\
WZK\ 8]
T]P
HVQZP
LO]W
KO\WSZ
W]TZMY\SZ
WTVR]
N[
WTZUV
S]S[
K\
WZ 8[WU]
U\X]Y\QZ
RXVLZ
MZPBZ
M]K]T\OZ
[RKX]
Y[P
TO]WU\U\D \TZO]
WO[K[R]
XZE\P]
\
U]S[
NXZWU]OZ
W
Y]N]R\P]
Y]
F\D
2[KVFZY\HSV
RZ
SO]
X]I\QV
S[QV
Y]M\J *\,
T]QV
+L :FKBJ@KL 8IBHCK NXZTZO\
WV
Y]
WTZ $VR[UT[XI\
X]YIVM\
DX]KX\
QZM\SZ
\
WTVR]
QZ
[KQ]
T\O\
\
D[CZ
R]
[K\H]Y =\S[
T]P
[R
/XS]
WO\HY\Q\
Y\QZ
WTZU
WT\D
Y]I\Q]
\
TZX]
N[RWU]SYV
Y] 4ZX
\
P\
WP[
W
N]UF[P
WX]WO\
N[KVYV
NX[U\T
TO]R]X]
H\Q\
WV
N[R]Y\I\ 8[S
Y]P
QZ
X]YIVM]
Lewis
WUX
&&J& U[
WO[K[RV
T[OZ
9][
\
/XS]
WN]W
2\WP[
QZ
W]WU]T\[
?DPZR
?U\+JZ+ZYJ
U]
Y]P
RXVL\
MY]HZ5
R\
LO]TY\
N\W]X
*M]RVEZY
\
M]
[RY[WZ
W]
\Y[WUX]YWUT[P,
V
\PZ
)]XWS[L
W]TZU]
X]YIVM
\
/XS
*?JBKGK,
V
NX[OZCZ
6
L[R\YZ
3VXWS]
WZ
M] 7
NX\Q]UZBWUTV
QZRY[
R[L]<]QZ
V
X]YIVWS[Q
Y]X[H\U[
M]\YUZ
XZ
W[
J 1\GZ
WV
Y[
X]YIVM
\
/XS
T]O]
N[GU[
QZ
X]YIVWS]
6
L[R\YZ
M]
VMZ
J 4ZX
Y]I\Q]
QZRY]
+X]YIVWS[JLXHS]
O]
Q[YWS]
[WUXT]
S[Q]
WV
X]Y\QZ
NX\N]
R]
O] 7MT\SVQZ
W]R]#
NX[SOZU[
X[NWUT[
1ZYZI\Q\
S][
\
MK[L
+X]YIVWSZ
NX[N]L]Y
RZ
V =ZWU]Y\
W
O\I]
MZPBZ
/XHS[Q
=]N[OZ[Y[T\D
NX\NXZP]
M]
N[
D[R
Y] \TZO]
WO[K[R]
:L\N]U
\
N[M\T]
.X\U]Y\QZ
\
;VW\QZ
R]
WZ Dimaras
WUX
J6
NX\RXVE\
S[]O\I\Q\
NX[U\T
X]YIVWSZ
;B
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
?R]P]YU\[W
9[X]\W
*(,
[KX]
J UZ
S]S[
VMT\GZY]
W\O]
KX]Y\
Y]G]
NX]T]
M[T]Y\
/XS
\YWN\X\W]Y
X]YIVW
S[P 1\RZCZUZ
\
S]S[
PY[L\
PZ<V
Y]G\P
YZNX\J
XZT[OVI\Q[P
TZX[T][
QZ
R]
WZ
R[
WO[K[
RZ
P[
J Q]UZB\P]
Y]R]DYVU\
Y]G[P
H]WY[P
WUT]
J
EZ
R[C\
SX[M
[KX]M[T]FZ
2X\MY]U
S][
\YUZ
J X\
[SXZCV
OZ<]
YZNX\Q]UZBV
\
NX\
RXV
EVQV
OZS
UV]OY\
T[<]
S[Q\
QZ
WT[Q\P
SF\
EZT
Y\P
Y]P
WZ
NXZN[MY]QVC\
F\D[T
\WSXZY
RVD
X]R[P
R][
R[NX\Y[W
LXHS[Q
K[XK\
M]
YZM]T\WJ
Y[WU
ZL[T]
#KDGKL :HE@K N[M\T]
WV
Y]
X[R
J
Y]G]
[U]K\Y]
CZ
\D
NX\LXO\U\
!LLL"
Y\
SZ
Y]
K[XKV
NX[U\T
U\X]Y\QZ
*, 8[GO[
QZ
TXZPZ
R]
MK]I\P[
U]Q
Q]X]P
S[Q\
T\GZ
YZP]
M]
GU]
R]
WZ
RXE\
R]
[WO[K[
J
R\P[
[U]K\YV
R]
VSO[Y\P[
N[OVPZWZI
\
VMR\LYZP[
MY]PZFZ
S[QZ
Y]W
QZ
VTZS
T[R\O[
9[QZ
\RZQZ
KO\WSZ
\RZQ]P]
X]Y
J V
N[KZRV

P\WO\P
Y]
SXWU

\
U]S[
VMTX]J
IVWSZ
XZT[OVI\QZ
P[EZP[
NX[Y]C\
V
[T[Q
NZWP\5
9]S[
WV
\RZQZ
X]YIVWSZ
XZ
J U\P[
YZTZXY\I\P]
S[Q\
WV
WZ
W
KZMK[E
Y\H
J
T[
OVI\QZ
VU\I]OZ
Y]
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
N[
SXZ
J S\P
NXZM\X[P
[RY[W\O\
NXZP]
Y]G[Q
[U]
J
UZ
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\5 K\Y\
\
NX]T[WO]TY[Q
TZX\
!LLL"
@XVEQZ
V
XVSZ
NX\Q]UZB\
[U]K\Y]
Y]W
M[TZ
I=6AQPKONJGQ ENHJPKCLPQ ?OZSW]YR]X
>NW\O]YU\
?JOEPKGODP(Q,*0/0/&.*)/+/,$0+-) 0(
+ZKXV]X
0
/O]TY\
GU]K
V
4]G\QV
IEE, vol. 0

WUX
0
9B84B:
-]Y\+ZWU
QZ
V
4]G\QV
[KQ]T\[
?OZS
W]Y
J
/XI\
SVIY[
QZ
H]W
:TX[NWS\
Y]X[R\
S[Q\
WV
R]X
>NW\O]YU\
*600,
A\Y
YZS]J
WZ
K[X\O\
M]
NX]T]
\
WO[K[RV
[R]TY[
Y]W R]GFZL
LXHS[L
SYZM]
1O]GSZ
\Y]HZ
T\
W[
S\
N[
M\T]QV
R]
H\Y\P[
GU[
\
[Y\
S[Q\
\]S[
TZC [+\I\X
V
XVWS[Q
T[QWI\
\
NX\N]RY\S
LXH
SZ
WO[K[RY\
WTZ
WT[QZ
P[C\
S[X\WUZ
R]
N[
TZ
J XZT[OVI\[Y]XYZ
[XL]Y\M]I\QZ
J>JCJLHDHFJ2
C]QV
WT[QV
WO[K[RV
]
U\PZ
\
WT[QV
WXZCV =K
?OZSW]YR]X
>NW\O]YU\
QZ
N[TZ[
[WO[
J
=]G]
KX]C]
\
NX\Q]UZB\
WTVR]
V
AXK\Q\
K[R\O]HSV
K[XKV
NX[U\T
3VX]S]
\
+Z
KXV
]X]
Y]X[R
\M
AVOZ
\
H\U]T[L
:N\X]
Y][XVE]Y 0
Y]
HZOV
P]O[KX[QYZ
LXHSZ
T[Q
W
SZ
N[KZRJ
QZ
\
HZS]
Y]W
NX\RXVE\P[
PV
WZ
W
[RVGZT
J Y\HS\
VP]XG\X][
V
XVPVYWSZ
SYZEZT\YZ
BZ
FZP
@U]K\Y]
Y]W
M[TZ
:TX[N]
LOZR]
\
HVR\
WZ
Y]G[Q
UX[P[WU\
N]
YZS]
[YR]
LXHSZ
NO]Y\YZ
[NZU
M]UXZNZXZ 9[PZ
WZ
[T]Q
P]Y\+ZWU
R\XZSUY[
[R
MTVS]
Y]G\D
UXVK]
YZS]
R[O\YZ
M]KXVQZ [KX]C]5
?Y]O\M\X]Q
XZU[X\HS]
WXZRJ
[R
MTZSZU]
Y]GZL
[XVEQ]
:TX[N]
CZ
WZ
R\
J WUT]
S[Q]
WZ
S[X\WUZ
R]
K\
WZ
WVY]X[RY\J
T\
U\
Y]G[Q
DX]KX[WU\
]
YZNX\Q]UZB\
CZ I\
N[SXZYVO\
\
VTZX\O\
R]
UXZK]
R]
WZ
NXZR
Y]P]
KZE]U\
RXDUZC\
\
NXZKOZRZO\ NX\
RXVEZ
K[XK\
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
[R
WUX]D] ]VU[X
N[P\FZ
:TX[NV5
2X[WTZCZY\
ZTX[NWS\
Y]X[R\
X]RZ
Y]
[KY]T
B]FV
WT[QZ
WXZCZ
NVY\
M]DT]OY[WU\
M]
WTZ
GU[
WV
\P
R]O\
Y]G\
NXZI\
[Y\ I=B.AQ MK<NLFPGOFKOQ <P'GNFOQ 7MJPKJHO'
EZOZ
WO[K[RV
\
M]
/XHSV J?P'ODPQ9B84*:
8[S]M]TG\
R]
WP[
R[WU[QY\
TXO\Y]
Y]G\D
NXZR]S]
S][
\
[T[L
TZS]
Y]R]P[
WZ
F\
D[
J @R
@PZXJZ+ZYR\QZ
WP[
R[K\O\
I]XWS\
T[Q
N[RXGI\
\
N[P[C\
PY[L\
WO[K[RY\
RVD +ZX
P]Y
V
S[QZP
WZ
UX]E\
VS\R]FZ
Q]Y\
H]
J
PZ<V
F\P]
R[C\
CZ
\
NX\RXVE\U\
WZ
Y]G[Q X]
@R
S]R]
WV
3VXI\
[WT[Q\O\
.[WYV
Y]G\
K[XK\
2[SXZY\UZ
WZ
NX\Q]UZB\
\
T\RZ
CZ
J RZR[T\
N[GUVQV
WTZU\
PVWO\P]YWS\
.[EQ\
;;
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
M]S[Y
!GZX\Q]U" \
I]XWS\
M]S[Y
!S]YVY" <ZY
W\WUZP
NX\SVNB]F]
\
[RXZ<\T]F]
N[
J
7TZS
WP[
WOVG]O\
\
N[GU[T]O\
I]XWSZ XZ
M]

R]
QZ
\WU[
U]S[
VXZ<ZY
W\WUZP
N[
NV
J
+ZX
P]YZ
=\S]R]
\P
WZ
Y\WP[
WVNX[UJ F]T]F]
T[QWSZ
\
UX]Q]F]
T[QYZ
WOVEKZ
!LLL"
WU]TB]O\
Y\U\
K\O\
YZN[WOVGY\
=ZCZP[ @RW]R
N]
Y]R]BZ
WT]S[PZ
S[
QZ
[NUVEZY
Y\
W]R]
7
X]UV
WP[
HZUXRZWZU
L[R\Y]& WVR\CZ
WZ
Q]TY[
NXZP]
Y]GZP
.[EQZP
M]
S[
J
EXUT[T]O\
E\T[UZ
\
\PZU]S
7
NXZUD[RY[P YV
N[WOZ
\WN\U\T]F]
\
VUTX<\T]F]
H\
FZ
J
X]UV
W]
AXK\Q[P
S[Q\
QZ
UX]Q][
'
L[R\Y] Y\I]
\
WTZ
R[S
WZ
YZ
\MXZSYZ
NXZWVR]
Y\S[
VN[UXZK\O\
WP[
WTZ
GU[
\P]P[
\
R]
K\ YZ
WPZ
U]QY[
\O\
Q]TY[
R]
RXVL[L]
[UXVQZ
[WT[
Q\O\
KZ[LX]RWSV
UTX<]TV
NO]U\O\
WP[ \O\
VK\QZ
Y]
S[Q\
RXVL\
Y]H\Y
W
RZWZU
D\B]R]
E\T[U]
]
YZS[O\S[
D\B]J =\S[
YZP]
NX]T[
R]
VR]X\
Y]
H]WU
RXVL[L
R]
Y]W
QZ
X]FZY[
7TZS
WP[
WZ
P[O\O\
M] H[TZS]
\M
K\O[
S[L
X]MO[L]
WVO
U]Y[T[
MRX]TBZ
\
VTZS
WZ
Y]R]O\ AT]S[
P[EZ
\P]U\
K\O[
S[QV
TXWUV
N[WZR]
FZL[T[Q
P\O[WU\
>
W]R]
S]R]
WZ
X]WNVG
J \
F\PZ
X]WN[O]L]U\
WO[K[RY[
\
YZCZ
L]
U]QV
Q]Y\H]X\
P\
WZ
Y]R]P[
R]
CZ
WVOU]Y RXV
L\
NX\P[X]T]U\
R]
L]
[UV<\
\O\
L]
V
X]G\X\U\
WT[QZ
P\O[WU\TZ
XVSZ
\
M]VWU]T\J U[PZ
WNXZH]T]U\
!LLL"L
U\
WTZ
UZ
NX[PZYZ
R]
CZ
M]RXE]U\
WU]X\ @TZ
I]XWSZ
Y]XZRKZ
WZ
U\HV
WT\D
N[R]Y\S]
N[
XZR]S
V
.[WY\
\
WTZ
WU]XZ
T[QYZ
+[XP]J KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
TZXV
\
WZSUV
[Y\
CZ
V
F\P]
I\QZ
\
U]S[
Q[G
QZRY[P
N[S]M]U\
WT[QV
R[
J VE\T]U\
KZM
\MVMZUS]
-\
V
Y]GZP
)]XWUTV
KX[
UV
NXZP]
Y]P] Q]PH\P[
N[UNVYV
W\LVXY[WU
E\T[U]
H]WU\
\
Ali~i}
WUX
&&J& \PZUS]
S][
GU[
WV
M]Q]PHZY\
\
WTZU\P
WO[
J
T[P
Y]GZL
]S[Y]
!LLL"L 2[GU[
WT\
WOVE
KZ
J
AVOU]Y
-]DPVR
II *6,
QZ
0&
Y\I\
)]XWUT]
R[K\Q]QV
[RL[T]X]QVCV
NO]UV
L[R\YZ
VS\YV[
Q]Y\H]XWS\
XZR
VSO[
J *]
NO]UZ
M]
UZ
RVEY[WU\
WTZ
R[
R]Y]W
Y\WV
Y\TG\
U]S[
\
Y]QTZCV
NXZNXZSV
Y]
NVUV
S] Y]
M]R[T[B]T]QVC\
Y]H\Y
NXZX]HVY]UZ
\
U[
XZ+[XP\W]FV
@WP]YWS[L
I]XWUT]
]DT]
BV
J UXZ
K]
VXZR\U\,
R[YZCZ
WZ
WUX[L\
M]S[Y
QV
C\
U[PZ
P[L][
QZ
R]
[Q]H]
IZYUX]OYV
TO]WU NX[U\T
N[RP\C\T]F]
\
U]QY\D
R[L[T]X]F]
\
[UT[X\
NVU
M]
U]YM\P]U S[QZ
\
WTZU\
M]S[Y
[WV<VQZ
\
S[Q\
QZ
QZR]Y
[R
LO]TY\D
VMX[S]
NX[N]R]F]
)]XWUT]
Vucinich
WUX
&J&
2X[S[PZYU]X\G\
WU]T
K[W]YWS\D
WN]
J
D
\Q]
V
N[LOZRV
[RY[W]
W]
@WP]Y
WS\P )]XWS[
Y]XZ<ZFZ
\MR]U[
V
N]T\B[YV
I]XWUT[P
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
QZ
X]W
J /\OD]Y]
I]XWS[L
W]X]Q]
V
>WU]YKVOV
V
NVGU]FZ
Q]Y\H]X]
\
N[SXZU
M]
XZ
+[X
PZ \PZ
Y[T[L
WVOU]Y]
?KRVOPZ\R]
I
I]XWUT]
S[R
F\D
\M]MT]O[
YZ
L[
R
[T]FZ5 *6&,
WP]UX]
WZ
MT]Y\HY\P
N[HZUS[P
VYVUX]GF\D
XZ+[XP\
S[QZ
WV
\P]OZ
M]
I\B
P[RZXY\M]I\QV
@WP]YWS[L
I]XWUT]
I=BBAQPGO3NLOQMCQ&OE'PKN
9[QZ
QZ
NX[KOZPZ
[T]Q
D]U\GZX\+
@WO]F]QVC\
WZ
Y]
N[P[C
ATZT\GFZL]
N[
J UXZ
K]O[
R]
XZG\5
U]
P\WO\G
[
WXZ
R[T]YV
Y]G\P
2X[X[S[P
EZO\P[
R] I\BZT\P]
[T[L
]SU]5
8]
O\
QZ
U[
K\[
Y]
J
N[
K[BG]P[
VNX]TV
Y]R
N[SX]Q\Y]P] H\Y
R]
WZ
P[RZXY\MVQZ
RXE]T]
\O\
QZ
V
@WP]Y
WS[L
I]XWUT]
VT[<ZFZP
Y[T\D
PZX] N\U]FV
N[SVG]Q
R]
WZ
VKO]E\
YZM]R[
J
3Z
PZXZ
WZ
P[X]QV
WNX[T[R\U\
VM
YVEY[
N[
J T[B
WUT[
N[R]Y\S]5
G
U[
T]FZ
UX\
NX\YI\N]#

R]
W\LVXY\
KV
RV
E\
T[U
H]WU
\
\P]FZ
N[R]Y\S]
0
R]
QZ
VXZ
J
@RY[W\
WZ
Y]
3VXWS[J]VWUX\QWS\
X]U
J6
N[WOZ
S[QZL
WV
VWOZR\O\
KX[QY\
YZP\X\
V
@WP]YWS[P
I]XWUTV
&
N[WZKY[
VWU]Y]S
AXK]
(
;>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
I=B4AQ MKQ MCLI=LP>I3PKIQ MQ KP;OMKPE=

N]
R]FZ
P[EZ
WZ
W]P[
Y]
RT]
Y]H\Y]
R[L[R\U\
KMDQCL,PFOQ9B8)):
\O\
CZ
I]XWUT[
U[
K\U\
X]MRZBZY[
\O\
0
K\CZ
[Y[
Y]
Y[T[
W]M\R]Y[
[R
WT[Q\D
DX\WJ
4ZR\Y[
CZ
Y]I\[Y]OY]
RXE]T]
WUT[X\U\
Y]
J U\Q]YWS\D
E\UZB]
!LLL"
I\QV
/RZ
YZP]
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
UV
YZ
P] AXKWS]
RXE]T]
S[Q]
QZ
TZC
WXZCY[
N[HZO]
Y[
Y\
Y]I\QZ
]
LRZ
YZP]
Y]X[RYZ
TO]WU\
UV
QZ S[Q]
WZ
X]WNX[WU\X]U\
\
Q]H]U\
P[X]
\P]
RXE]T]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
D\PZX]
]
Y]I\Q]
UZS WT[Q
[WY[T
\
UZPZB
UTXR\
V
I]XWUTV
WXKWS[P
MK\X
N[QZR\Y]I]
W]
YZS\P
M]QZRY\HS\P
[W[
J JL]
\
(JL]
WU[BZU\Q]
\
V
K[L]U[Q
\
WO]TY[Q
K\
Y]P]
AUT]XY]
Y]I\Q]
P[EZ
N[WU[Q]U\
W]
J WXNWS[Q
\WU[X\Q\
!2[
\WU[X\Q\
[T[Q
MY]
WZ
R]"
P[
U]P[
LRZ
TO]R]
R[KX[
NXZRWU]TB]
WT[Q WV
WXNWS\
I]XZT\
N[HZO\
K\
O\
LXHS[P
I]X
J
Y]X[R
[Y]
P[EZ
K\U\
W]P[
U]P[
LRZ
WT]
WUTV
P]D
[U\P]U\
\
WS[X[
K\
PV
S[Y]I
VH\
Y\
J
[WZC]F]
WTZ
P[C\
\
WT]
RZO]
WOVEZ
QZR
Y[Q O\
UZ
K\
U]S[
Y]
PZWU[
NX[
N]RGZL
\WU[HY[J
QZR\Y[Q
WTXW\
WO]T\
\
VLOZRV
N[G
U[
T]
FV
\ X\PWS[L
I]XWUT]
WXKWS[JWO[TZYWS[
I]XWUT[
N[WU]T\O\
\
[T[
Y]S
Y]
R\
O\
)]X
8VG]Y
A\O
J
TZO\H\Y\
Y]X[R]
S]R]
WZ
LOZR]
WN[B]
\
Y\
NX\P\[
QZ
TZC
LXK
I]XWUT]
LXHS[L
8[
O]
J
R[KX[K\U\
\
M]R[T[BWUTV
WT\D
RXVGUTZY\D
M]S
3VX]S]
NXZS\YV[
QZ
[TV
NX[PZYV
\
NXZ
J
WO[QZT]
\
RVGZ
WT]S[L
N[QZR\YI]
!LLL"L
#$#$ $
WUX
0'J0'(
NXZ
H\[
QZ
[T]Q
N[W][
M]
RVL[
TXZPZ
Y[
W]R
N[GU[
QZ
W\O]
UVXWS]
WO[PBZY]
\
VY\GUZY]
4[Y
9[RXVJ8X]LVG]YV
*0(, U]S[
XZC\
UXZK]
R]
N[HYZ
\WU\
[Y]Q
RVD
RZQ
J
X[<ZY
QZ
V
]X]L]GV
V
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q\ WUT[T]U\
NX]T]
WT[
Q]
Y]
Y[T[
UX]E\U\
\
S[Q]
QZ
K\O]
N[R
]VWUX\QWS[P
TO]GCV
-Y[L[ NXZS\YVU\
N[W][
Y]
Y[T[
Y]WU]T\U\
QZ
NVU[T][
N[
ZTX[NWS\P
MZPB]P]
[R
:YLOZ
J !LLL"?S[
WZ
Y[T[
NXZN[X[<ZFZ
WXKWS[L
I]XWUJ
W
SZ
R[
;VW\QZ
\
K\[
]SU\T]Y
V
N[O\U\I\
\
V T]
W
[TZ
U]HSZ
WP]UX]
[YR]
CZRV
\
[WU]O\
SVOUVXY[P
E\T[UV 4VEY[
AO]TZY\
\RZQV
[TV
TXO[
O]S[
X]MV
PZ
J
U\
]
\
W
X]R[WU\QV
NX\P\U\
QZX
T]B
R]
Y\
V
QZR
Y[Q
ZTX[NZQWS[Q
MZPB\
YZ
E\T\
U]S[
WN[
J
2X[S[PZYU]X\G\
UTXRFV
R]
W]P[ PZY
\WU[X\HZWSZ
NX[GO[WU\
S[R
Y]X[R]
S][
"Y]
I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
P[LV
WUT[X\U\ S[R
AO]TZY]
UVXWS\D
!LLL" >
M]U[
WZ
P[EZ
W\
J
Y]
I\QV!
R]
O\
[Y]
\P]
TZMZ
W]
H\FZY\J LVXY[
X]HVY]U\
R]
CZ
N[W][
[T]Q
V
Y]X[RV
I[P
R]
WV
;VPVY\
V
U[
TXZPZ
K\O\
\W
J RX]
L[
T[BY[
NX\PBZY
K\U\
\
Y\WV
N[UXZKY]
SBV
HZY\
\M
N[O\U\HS[L
W\WUZP]
3X]Y
J RZWZU[BZUY]
RZQWUT[T]F]
V
Y]X[RV
R]
K\
[Y
W\O
T]Y\QZ5 W]P[
S[X\WU
\
N[OMV
[T[L
W]P[WU]OY[L
TO]R]F]
X]MVPZU\
P[L][
AXKB\
WV
WZ
PZ<V
WT\P]
AO]TZY\P]
V
3VX
W
J
I=B/AQ -EPKQ EODNQ &PLP3PKOKPQ <PQ JGFPQLPQ= S[Q
NXT\
W[KWUTZY\P
WXZRWUT\P]
\
WY]L[P
M]
5NQJL?JHM=JEMFNKJHM>Q;PLJGFPQ#Q0/.*/ WT[QV
WO[K[RV
K[X\O\
WBZR[T]UZOY[
[Y\
$0/-+#./9B8)): \P]QV
NXT\
\
NVY[
NX]T[
S
U[PZ
R]
[T]Q
N[W][
\
R]BZ
VNX]TB]QV
!LLL"
8T\EZY\QZ
\
U]O]W]FZ
PZ<V
AO]TZY\P]
N[
J =[T]
WXKWS]
RXE]T]
Y]
QVLV
[R]T]O]
K\
HZ
O[
QZ
TZC
\
M]\WU]
Y\S]R]
NXZWU]U\
YZCZ :TX[N\
WTZ
L]X]YI\QZ
R]
CZ
[Y]
K\U\
TXWY]
\
!LLL" >M
[T[L
N[MY]T]F]
NX[\WU\HZ
HZXU]
\ SX\QZNS]
RXE]T]
\
S[Q]
CZ
WZ
P[C\
PZ<V
UZ
PZB
WXN
WSZ
N[O\U\SZ
!R]
WZ
[Y]
YZ
[LX]
J ?VWUX\Q
[P
\
;VW\Q[P
[RXE]U\
/Z[
LX]
+\
HZW
J
Y\
H]
T]
Y]
W]
R]GFZ
FZYZ
LX]Y\IZ
Y[
R] S[
QZ
N[O[EZY\QZ
MZPBZ
N[TXG\Y]
MZP]B
J
UZE\
WZ
K\
NX\
BV
K\U\
WTZ
Y]X[RZ
WXNWSZ WS]
K[L]UWUT[
Y]
NX\X[RYZ
NX[\MT[RZ
\
S[Q\
QV
[SXV
E]
T]
QV " T[QZY\
RVD
E\UZB]
R]BZ
VMT\GZY[
\
3VXWS[
I]XWUT[
*P[X]
WZ,
X]WN]R]U\
\
U[
X]
W
J T]UXZY[
HVTWUT[
Y]X[RY[WU\
QZRY]S[
N[XZSJ
;7
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
O[
QZR]Y
QZM\S

WTZ
U[
N[S]MVQZ
Y]
FZ
YV I=B)AQP;OMKPEKOQ<P'GNFOQI
WU]OY[WU
\
TZO\SV
KVRVCY[WU LNFMEI;ODP@PQB8)8A
8]
K\
WZ
[NXZRQZO\U\
P[LO[
GU]
WZ
VH\Y\U\
P[EZ
\
S]S[
WZ
V
N[WOV
N[WUVN\U\
\P]
P[X] AQ1EMFNKP2HOQ<P'GNFO
NX]T\UZBWUT[
MY]U\
V
S]ST[P
WZ
N[O[EZY\QV
!WT]LR]X
Y]O]MZ
Y]X[R\
X]MY\D
NX[T\YI\Q]
8]
WZ
WT\
AO[TZYI\
[SVNZ
V
QZRYV
Y]I\QV
AXK\QV
[SXVE]T]QVC\D " @T[
QZ
LO]TY[
VWO[T\J \
Y]NX]TZ
W[NWUTZYV
WSVNGU\YV
!LLL"
QZ
U]HY[L
[NXZRQZOZY\Q]
WXZRWUT]
]
[TV
IQZO 0
8]
Y]
WO[TZY]HS[Q
UZX\U[X\Q\
WO[TZ
Y]H
S\
UXZK]
NXZ
WTZL]
[GUX[VPYZ
[R
NXZRN[F]U\J
QZM\S
KVRZ
[Y[
GU[
QZ
YZP]HS\
Y]
YZ
P]H
S[Q
]
Q]
YZ
M]VMZUZ
\
NX]T\UZBWUTV
TZXYZ
BVRZ
\U]O\Q]YWS\
Y]
\U]O\Q]YWS[Q
UZX\U[X\Q\
!LLL"
S][
\WN\U]UZBZ
WU]F]
[T\D
Y]X[R]
\

8]
WZ
[P[LVC\
VT[<ZFZ
WO[TZY]HS[L
QZM\J
MZP]B]
N[WO]U\
!\
[T\
K\
P[X]O\" N[WOZ
S]
V
WT]SV
\YWU\UVI\QV
Y]
WO[TZY]HS[Q
UZ
J
WT[L
N[TX]US]
U]HY[
N\WPZY[
\MTZWU\QZ
[
X\U[X\Q\
S]R]
\
]S[
P\
U[
EZO\P[
!LLL"
WUT]X\
R]U\
!=]X[H\U[
WZ
UXZK]
\MTZWU\U\"[
(
8]
WT]S\
WOVEKZY\S
M]N[WOZY
Y]
WO[TZJ
.[WY\
\
%ZXIZL[T\Y\
)XY[Q
/[X\
\
AQZTZXY[Q
Y]HS[Q
UZX\U[X\Q\
N[UNVY[
TO]R]
WO[TZJ
?OK]Y\Q\
!7
\WU[
TXZPZ
YVEY[
QZ
R]
WZ
U]HY[
Y]HS\P
QZM\S[P
!LLL"
N[MY]QZ
\
WU]FZ" AO]T[Y\QZ
%XT]UWSZ
\ Prunk
WUX
'&
8]OP]I\QZ
!]
X]MVPZ
WZ
R]
V
[T[
WN]R]QV
\
Y]X[R\
AXZP]
.]Y]U]
\
.]HSZ " $AQ0$#.&00/-0*,%0/IJFMDNKMQKP
FNEOHMDQKPLMCKMDQJHI?3GOKOQIQP>LN7IQ
VG\C
66
WUX
'J&
.VRVC
R]
WZ
V
\MT]YXZRY[P
N[O[E]QV
Y]
O]
J
>O\Q]
/]X]G]Y]Y\Y
*0(,
QZR]Y
M\P[
\
M]
N[TX]UQZFZ
M]S[Y\U[L
WU]F]
N[
J
[R
T[RZC\D
WXNWS\D
N[O\U\H]X]
\
UXZK\U[
QZ
R]
\P]RZP[
M]S[Y\UV
TZXD[TYV
RXE]TY\S]
V
XIX TZSV
2[R
X]MY\P
VU\I]Q\J
P]
]O\
Y]QT\GZ
N[R
VU\I]QZP
W]TZU[T]F]
W] LO]TV#
M]U[
\M]KX]WP[
QZRY[RVGY[
M]
K]Y]
HZGS\P
N[O\U\HS\P
ZP\LX]YU[P
X]F[P UX[QZRYZ
SX]BZT\YZ
K]X[Y]
4[W\N]
4Z
O]
J
]D[P
*S[Q\
QZ
K\[
V
S[YU]SUV
W]
N[BWS\P
N[
J H\
C]
.VE\PWS[L
PVE]
WTZL]
Y]X[R]
N[
TQZ
J
O\
U\HS\P
ZP\LX]YU\P]
V
2]X\MV,
/]X]
G]
J XZ
FZ
\P]QVCZL]
S[QZPV
K]YV
\P]
WZ
NXZR]
J
Y\Y
QZ
((
L[R\YZ
Y]N\W][
'K8HFDKGJ=H U\
\
M]N[TQZR
Y]R
T[QWS[P
LX]Y\IZ
\
NX]T[
NO]Y
KV
RVCZ
WXNWSZ
WN[BYZ
\
Y]I\[Y]OYZ X]WN\W\T]F]
W]K[X]
N[
O\U\SZ
7
FZPV
QZ
\MYZ[
LO]TYZ
I\BZTZ 8]
WZ
Y]G
RZXE]TY\
W]K[X
W]M[TZ
Y]QS]WY\
QZ
RVL[X[HYZ
WXNWSZ
N[O\U\SZ
Y]
.]OS]YV
M]WJ R[

WT\KF]
[TZ
L[R\YZ
V
LO]TY\
LX]R
]LXZK
Y[T]YZ
Y]
VQZR\FZFV
\
[WO[K]<]FV
UZX\U[
J
9XZNS[
\
Y[T[
WQZR\FZFZ
V
WT]S[P
WP\WOV
X\Q]
Y]
S[Q\P]
E\TZ
AXK\
VSBVHVQVC\
\
WV
J
Y]GZ
N[
M]S[YV
\
R[L[R[TGU\Y\
S
Y]P]
WZRYZ
K]OS]YWSZ
MZPBZ
S[QZ
WV
Q[G
N[R
UVX
J
W
S[P
TO]GCV
AVWZRY\
Y]X[R\
'K8HFDKGJ=H NX\
N]R]QVCZ
SX]BZT\YZ
8]OP]I\Z
W
SX]
J
T\RZ
S][
WXNWS\
\PNZX\Q]OY\
NX[LX]P BZ
T\Y[P
DZXT]UWS[P
\
WO]T[YWS[P
S][
U]S[<ZX
Y]GZ
T[QY\HSZ
LX]Y\IZ
1O]WU\U\
YZM]T\WY\
Y]GZPV
W]K[XV
[RL[
J
T[XY\
P\Y\WUZX\VP
S[QZL]
HO]Y[T\
\P]RV
K\U\
BVR\

Y]X[RV
N[T[BY\
\
[R
Y[T\ZL]
U]
QZ
WTXD]
[T[L
UZSWU]5
2X[Y]<\ RVD]
Y]NXZUS]
\
WO[K[RZ
\WU[X\QWSZ
]XLVPZYUZ
S[QZ
]VU[X
S[
J
X\
WU\
S]S[
K\
N[USXZN\[
WT[QZ
\RZQZ
\ 7TZRZFZ
Y]X[RY[L
QZM\S]
V
VYVU]XFZ
\
VTZXZF] \MT]FWS[
VNX]TB]FZ
SX]BZT\Y]
Y]G\D
\
M]QZRY[
WTZ
T\GQZ
\
P]FZ
VH\[Y\IZ
7UZPZBZFZ
WTZVH\O\GU]
V
]LXZKV
AO[K[RV
GU]PNZ
TQZXZ
VHZF]
\
L[T[X]
3]S[
Y]
NXT[P
R[QRVCZP
S]S[
\
Y]
WT\D
KV
J
;
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
RV
C\D
RZXE]TY\D
W]K[X]
Y]G\D
M]WUVN]FZ
;VPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
M]DUZT]
[UT]X]FZ
XV
J
*XZNXZWZYU]I\V,
Y]X[R]
Y]
UZPZBV
QZRY]
J PVYWS\D
GS[O]
V
WT\P
WZO\P]
\
LX]R[T\P]
S[
WU\
KZM
X]MO\SZ
WU]O\G] [UT]X]FZ
XVPVYWS\D
L\PY]M\Q]
T[QY\D
\
4ZRY]S[WU
Y[GZF]
UZXZU]
\O\
NO]C]F] UZD
Y\HS\D
\YWU\UVU]
K[L[WO[T\Q]
S][
\
XV
J
GU\KXZ
\
R]CZ
WT\VD
KZM
X]MO\SZ
WU]O\G] PVY
WS[L
VY\TZXM\UZU]
S[Q\
CZ
RXE]T]
+\
J
2[R\LYVUQZ
Y]X[RYZ
K]YSZ Y]Y
W\X]U\
[R
N[XZM]
S[Q\
WZ
VK\X]
[R
Y]X[
J
7S\YVCZ
IZO\K]U]
\
VTZRZFZ
Y]X[RY[L
QZ
J R]
S][
\
N[UNVYV
WO[K[RV
V
\MK[XV
R\XZSJ
M\
S]
V
IXSTV
N[O]L
WU]X\YWS[L]
DXT]UWS[L U[X]
\
NX[+ZW[X]
\
W\WUZP]U\M]I\Q\
Y]WJ
NX]T]
\
[K\H]Q] U]TY\D
NO]Y[T]
!LLL"
Horvat
U[P
I
WUX
J (
;VPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
M]DUZT]
R]
WZ
VS\YV
NX\T\OZL\QZ
\
R]
UZXZU
Q]TY\D
UX[GS[T]
AQ P;OMKPEKPQ ?NGO;ODPQ HMDIQ DNQ ?LO'FPQ= N]R
YZ
Y]
WTZ
V
M]T\WY[WU\
[R
\P]F]
\
GOQEPQ LI@IKJHPQ KPLMCKPQ JHI?3GOKPQ I K[L]UWUT]
N[QZR\YI]
$EP,I(QLPKJOEFPKODP '
;VPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
M]DUZT]
R]
Y[T\
VWU]T
3X]YW\OT]Y\QZ
R[YZWZ
VWU]T[UT[XY]
WSVN
J

;VPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
VUZPZBZY]
Y]
NX\YI\
J G
U\Y]
!LLL"
U]Q
VWU]T
P[X]
K\U\
M]WY[T]Y
Y]
N\
P]
WO[K[RZ
QZRY]S[WU\
\
KX]UWUT] NX\YI\N\P]
NX]TRZ
QZRY]S[WU\
\
KX]U
J
M]DUZT]
R]
KVRZ
Y]I\[Y]OY[
YZM]T\WY]
V WUT]
S[Q\D
WZ
P[X]QV
RXE]U\
\
Y[T\
LX]
<]Y
J
N[O\U\HS[Q
W+ZX\
S]S[
K\
P[LO]
R]
[WUT]
J
WS\
SX\T\HY\
\
UXL[T\YWS\
M]S[Y\
X\
WT[Q]
NX]T]
S][
XVPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
R] Murgescu
WUX
6J60
WX]MPZXY[
KX[QV
WT[Q\D
NX\N]RY\S]
\P]
\
NXZRWU]TY\SZ
V
8\QZUV
R]
\P]
WT[QZ
MT]
J /[R\YZ
(
XZT[OVI\QZ
WV
\MK\OZ
V
T\GZ
Y\H
Y\SZ
V
WT\P
[XL]Y\P]
RXE]TYZ
VNX]TZ ZTX[NWS\D
MZP]B]
VSBVHVQVC\
\
NX]T[WV<]
\
T[QWSZ
V
\WU[Q
WX]MPZX\
\
R] %]KMKVXGS[
I]XWUT[
\
XVPVYWSZ
P[EZ
S[X\WU\U\
WT[Q
QZM\S
V
WT\P
N[WO[T\J N[SX]Q\YZ
]O\
YZ
\
V
AXK\Q\
/XHS[Q
\
P]
S[Q\
QZ
WZ
U\HV
VSBVHVQVC\
\
NX]T[WV<Z @WP]YWS[P
I]XWUTV
7
%]KMKVXGS[P
I]XWUTV
N[WOZ
KXMZ
WPZYZ
]NW[OVU\WU\HS[L
XZE\P]
\
Q]TYV
VNX]TV
;VPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
M]DUZT]
Y]
HZOV
W]
-ZUZXY\D[P
WT]S]
Y]I\Q]
QZ
!NX]T[
R]
W]M\T]" L[R\GFV
[NGUZY]I\
[
J N[SVG]O]
R]
RZ+\Y\GZ
\
Y]PZUYZ
TO]WU\UZ
Y]OYV
WSVNGU\YV
!LLL" \YUZXZWZ
[R
P]XU]
R[
P]Q]
(
L[R\YZ

;VPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
N[WU]TG\
WTZWY]
NX]T] [RXE]Y[
QZ
YZS[O\S[
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
N[QZR\Y]I]
M]DUZT]
P[PZYU]OY[
VS\R]FZ WSVNGU\Y]
Y]
S[Q\P]
WV
VWT[QZY\
Y]I\[Y]OY\
SPZUWS[L
W\WUZP]
KZM
[K]TZMZ
SPZU[T]
R] N[O\U\HS\
NX[LX]P\
>N]S
K[XK]
M]
N[O\J
NO]UZ
K\O[
S]STV
Y]R[SY]RV
!LLL" U\HS]
NX]T]
\
VWU]TYV
TO]R]T\YV
VKXM[
QZ

;VPVWS]
Y]I\Q]
M]DUZT]
WO[K[RV
L[T[X] N]O]
V
M]WZY]S
Y]
I\[
Y]O
Y\D
WVS[K]
S[Q\
WV
N\W]F]
\
[KQ]TB\T]F]
KZM
IZYMVXZ
!LLL" VYZO\
X]MR[X
PZ<V
XZ
T[
OVI\[Y]XZ
\

;VPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
M]DUZT]
QZPWUT[
WO[J [P[LVC\O\
R]
%]KMKVXL[TI\
VM
N[P[C
;VW\QZ
XZT[OVI\QV
VLVGZ
(6
L[R\YZ
K[RZ
N[QZR\YI]
Y\S[
YZ
WPZ
K\U\
VD]NGZY
\M
N[O\U\HS\D
X]MO[L]
@W\P
U[L]
M]DUZT]
WO[K[RV
[SVNB]F]#
Y\S[PZ
WZ
YZ
WPZ
Y]VJ
R\U\
MK[L
[SVNB]F]
\
X]WNX]TZ
S[Q]
P\XY[ 9[Q\
WV
LO]TY\
M]DUZT\
AO[TZY]I]
%XT]U]
\
;VPVY]5
9]S[
[KQ]GF]T]G
T[R\
R[
WN[X]MVP]
!LLL"
H\FZY\IV
R]
WV
PY[L\
M]DUZT\
PZ<VW[KJ

;VPVYWS]
Y]I\Q]
M]DUZT]
Y][XVE]T]FZ
Y[
WO\HY\5
Y]X[R]
\O\
Y]I\[Y]OYV
L]XRV
S[Q]
CZ
K\U\
>MRT[Q
M]DUZTZ
S[Q\
WV
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
L]X]YU
\
WN[B]GFZ
\
VYVUX]GFZ
KZMKZRJ
R]Y]W
\WNVFZY\
9[Q\
WV
U[
M]DUZT\
\
Y[WU\
MZPBZ
7
XVPVYWS[Q
P\O\I\Q\
UXZK]
M]GU[
WV
\WNVFZY\5
R]
KVRV
;VPVY\

=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
3X]YW\OT]Y\QZ
;6
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
I=B%AQOGLM?MEOGQ-NGPLQ -NGLMFO H\
U[
VS[O\S[
QZ
3VXH\Y
TZC
WZRZ
KX]RZ
QZX
N>M3Q?MCL,PFPQDI>MJEMFNKJGFM WTZR[HZFZ
DX\GC]Y\Y]
Y\GU]
YZ
MY]H\
9NGO5N(QB4AQ@PLGQB8%.:Q AVR\Q]
VTZS
S]EZ#
"AOVG]Q
U\
1O]GZ
QZ
J
R]Y
3VXH\Y
MY]
T\GZ
[R
D\B]RV
1O]D]
2[H\U]QZP\
L[WN[R\YZ
X
-\SO[G\CV @T[
QZ
UVXWS]
MZPB]
\
T\
WUZ
FZY\
N[R]Y\J
=Z
MY]P
QZ
O\
1]G
O\WU
Q[GU
N[HZ[
\MO]M\J I\
[TRZ
WZ
YZ
HVQV
IXSTZY]
MT[Y]
TZC
WZ
U\
?S[
QZ
N[HZ[
\O\
S]R
N[HYZ
Q]
CV
WZ NX[
N[
TZR]
UVXWS]
TZX]!
\UR
3]STZ
WV
\
EZBY[
Y]
FZP
NXZYVPZX\X]U\
]
U]S[
\WU[ NXZ
WV
RZ
I]XWS[L
WVR]
8]Y]W
DX\GC]Y\Y
YZ
\
LJY
CZ
-\O]S[T\C
1]P
N[W\O\U\
N[<ZS[Q\ P[
EZ
R[K\U\
Y\S]ST[
Y]PZGUZFZ
V
NX\O[L
M]
FZP
1\
WUZ
Y]
PQZWU[
UZ
P[EZUZ RXE]TY[Q
WOVEK\
QZX
QZ
U[
W]P[
M]
3VXSZ
TZO\SV
N[OMV
NX\Y\QZU\
W\OY[PZ
Y[ ?S[
DX\G
C]
Y\
V
.[WY\
D[CZ
R]
N[R\LYV
SVS]T[PZ
\
WO\QZN[PZ
QVL[WO]TZYWUTV YZSV
Y[TV
IXSTV
\O\
R]
[KY[TZ
WU]XV
YZCZ
U[
P[C\
\
Q]RY\
BVR\
CZ
P[X]U\
R]
WZ
K[L[P
RX]L\
-\SO[G\CV
KVR\
P\
MRX]T
\ [SVNB]QV
N[R
TZRX\P
YZK[P
\
R]
L[O\D
TZWZ[
M]
R\SV
WT[L]
X[R]
3[
U\
EZO\
UT[Q LO]T]
\ML[T]X]QV
P[O\UTZ
N[H\U]UZB
\
WOVL] Juki}
WUX
J
2
2
ZL[G
WUX (
]
TXZPZ
VWU]YS]
(
X]MT\[
WZ 9[QZ
ZOZPZYUZ
YZM]R[T[BWUT]
Q]S
N[SXZU
M]
VQZR\FZFZ
\
YZM]T\WJ ]VU[X
Y]LO]G]T]5
-\WO\G
O\
R]
QZ
Y[WU
QVEY\D
AO[TZY]
-\UX[N[O\U
2ZU]X NX\WUX]W]Y5
?S[
QZWUZ
R]
O\
[T]Q
[RO[J
II 2ZUX[T\C
*',
N[UDX]F\T][
QZ P]S
P[EZP[
N[WP]UX]U\
S][
\WU[X\QWS[
\RZQV
QVL[WO[TZYWUT]
WP]UX]QVC\
R]
QZ
U[ WTZR[H]YWUT[5
8[
S[QZ
PZXZ5
[NI\Q]
M]
[WO[K[<ZFZ
[R
WUX]Y\D
W\O]
M]
N[O\U\HSV
\
SVOUVXYV
ZP]YI\N]I\QV I=B0AQ "J@PKJHOQ ;PLJHOQ CNHLNGQ HMDO@Q JN
QVEY\D
AO[TZY]
ZL[G
QZ
EZOZ[
R] ?LM>EP3PFPQDNCKPHMJGQ@NIQ?MCPKO;O@P
N[P[LYZ
AXK\P]
\
%XT]U\P]
V
K[XK\
NX[J 7N<QM7<OLPQKPQFNLIQ9B8%*:
U\T
7L]X]
S[QZ
QZ
WP]UX][
Y]QTZC\P
YZNX\J
Q]UZBZP
[KZ
Y]I\QZ
7
QVYV
(6
ZL[G
QZ =ZS]
KVRZ
S]S[
QZ
[TRZ
[RXZ<ZY[
N[YVR\[
XVWS[P
LZYZX]OV
@XO[TV
[RXZR 1ZO\S\
1ZM\XV
-ZDPZR
?P\Y
?O\JN]G[
[R
(
R[
'
)XY[L[X]I]
R]
WZ
K[XZ
V S[
Q \
W\
[RO\S[T]Y
I]XWS\P
[XRZY[P
7L]XWS[Q
ZL[G
QZ
SXZYV[
R]
X]MPQZFVQZ -Z<\R\QZ
NXT[L
XZR]
\
[XRZY[P
M]
O\HYZ
N\WP]
W]
WT[Q\P
NX\Q]UZBZP
X]F[P M]WOVLZ
YZS]
UZ
.[L
VH\Y\
TZO\S\P
\
-\SO[G\CZP
WO[TZYWS\P
O\YLT\WU[P VTZC]
UT[QV
P[C
!LLL"
*6,
-\SO[G\C
QZ
\P][
R[SU[X]U ZB]
P\
QZ
R]
[KY[T\P
\
NX[G\X\P
\M
NX]T]
\
WO]TZYWS\D
WUVR\Q]
K\[
QZ
NX[J Y[T[VTZRZYZ
PZXZ
!LLL" VM
BVK]MYV
\
NX\J
+ZW[X
Y]
.ZHS[P
VY\TZXM\UZUV
SVWU[W Q]UZBWSV
N[P[C
TZO\S\D
W\O]
Y]G\D
9X]BZTWSZ
K\KO\[UZSZ
V
.ZHV
\
Y]WOZRJ NOZPZY\U\D
W]
TZM
Y\S]
!LLL" 4ZPWUT]
S[Q]
Y\S
4ZXYZQ]
9[N\U]X]
Y]
PZWUV
IZYM[X]
V WP[
R]O\
%]U\
GZ
X\
+[P
[R
/\OD]YZ
\
V
K\KO\[UZI\ WSO]RV
W]
U]YM\P]
U [P
!LLL"
R]Y]W
WV
N[UTX<ZY]
\
[Q]H]Y]
\
NX\PZY\CZP[
I=B*AQN<PCMFM+JGFMQ7MJPKJHO'Q'LO3QPQ= RZO[UT[XYZ
N[WUVNSZ
R]
K\
[Y]
\P]O]
KPQ?MCQGILJHM@QFEP3I(QO<Q?NLPQLP5N= NVY\
\
WUT]XY\
VH\Y]S
FP2HM>QLPGLPQLPKNQ IHOPQ9B8%.: ATZ
NX\T\OZL\QZ
\
QZPWUT]
YZN[TXZR\J
T[WU\
RVD[TY[L
E\T[U]
S[QZ
WV
P[Q\
?S[
WZ
V
.[WY\
DX\GC]Y\Y
WVR\
W
3VXH\Y[P NXZI\
R]O\
ab antiquo
\
YZS\D
S]WY\Q\D
U[
YZ
P[EZ
K\U\
NX]TZRY[
WV<ZFZ
]
Y]X[
J TXZPZY]
WT\P
DX\G
C]YWS\P
M]QZRY\I]P]
;1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
\
RXVL\P
YZPVWO\P]YWS\P
LXVN]P]
S[QZ [YZP[
LV
C\
T]Y
V
WOVEZFV
WT[Q[Q
TZX\
!LLL"
WV
N[R
Y]G[P
M]G
U \
U [P
WUT[XZYZ
V =\S[
YZCZ
K\U\
NX\P[X]T]Y
R]
NX[PZY\
)]XWUTV
K\CZ
N[UTX<ZYZ
\
M]RXE]YZ
TZXV
!LLL" \
!LLL" WT\
N[R]Y\I\
)]XWUT]
KZM
ATZ
DX\GC]YWSZ
\
RXVLZ
YZPVWO\P]YWSZ [KM\X]
Y]
Y]I\QV
S[Q[Q
NX\N]R]QV
\
KZM
M]
QZRY\IZ
WV
[K]TZMYZ
R]
V
X[SV
S[Q\
CZ \S]STZ
X]MO\SZ
K\CZ
NX\P]Y\
V
WZ
[RXZR\U\
]
M]QZRY[
W]
S[P\W\Q[P
S[QV RXE]TYZ
I\T\OYZ
\
T[QYZ
GS[OZ
CZ
W]H\F]T]U\
FZY\
NX\N]RY\I\
VM
P[QZ U]T\GZ
WT]S]
M]QZRY\I]
\P]
NX]
T[
R]
[R[KXZFZ
\
N[R
Y]RM[X[P
1\W[SZ
N[XUZ [UT]X]
Q]TYZ
GS[OZ
M]
Y]VSV
VPZUY[WU
\
\WN\U]QV
S[QZ
NX\T\OZL\QZ
\
\PVY\UZUZ M]Y]UZ
!LLL"
[Y\
M]NX]T[
VE\T]QV
\
R]
U[
[YR]
X]MJ AT\
SX\T\HY\
UXL[T\YWS\
\
NXZSXG]QY\
P[UXZ
\
2[XU\
N[RYZWV
M]DUZT
M] N[
W
UVNI\
S[Q\
WZ
T[RZ
\MPZ<V
PVWO\P]YJ
XZ+[XPZ
S[QZ
WV
N[UXZKYZ
W
[KM\X[P
Y] WS\D
\
DX\GC]YWS\D
\O\
RXVL\D
YZPVWO\J
Y]NXZR]S
I\T\O\
M ]
I \QZ
\
Y[T[
R[K] P]YWS\D
N[R]Y\S]
\O\
\MPZ<V
DX\GC]Y]
1O]WU
S[QV
QZ
DX\G
C]Y
WS\P
N]UX\Q]XW\P] \
RXVL\D
YZPVWO\P]Y]
S[Q\
NX\N]R]QV
\
ZN\WS[N\P]
R][
WVOU]Y
-]DPVR
II \ YZS[Q
RXVL[Q
LXVN\
T[R\CZ
WZ
Y]
FZL[T\
Y]WOZRY\I\
UXZK]
VWSO]
R\U\
W] PZG[T\U\P
WVR[T\P]
AV<ZF]
Y]
U\P
Y[T\P
N[O[E]QZP
S[QZ
UZ
M]QZRY\IZ
W]R] WVR[T\P]
CZ
K\U\
Q]TY]#
WV
NX[UWU]TBZYZ
\P]QV
M]DT]BVQVC\
Y]G\P
TZO\S[RVGY\P WUX]YZ
CZ
WZ
WV[H\U\
\
R[
TZ
W
U\
WT[QZ
\
R[KX[H\Y\UZBWS\P
Y]PZ
X ]P]
!LLL" WTZR[SZ
H\QZ
CZ
WZ
WTZR[HZFZ
NX\DJ
2X]T\O]
N[
S[Q\P]
WZ
N]UX\Q]XD
\PZYVQZ T]U]U\
QZRY]S[
VS[O\S[
WZ
M]SVYV
NXZ
P]
R[E\T[UY[
K\CZ
NX[PZFZY]
\
TXG\
CZ
WZ TZXWS\P
M]S[Y\P]
WT[QZ
M]QZRY\IZ
!LLL"
VNX]T[
[Y]S[
S]S[
U[
[RXZR\
[RL[T]X]J 2[XZM\
CZ
WZ
X]MXZM\T]U\
\WU[
M]
WTZ
N[
J
QVC\
+ZXP]Y R]
Y\SZ
)]XWUT]
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
U[
S[P
)XSTZYZ
U]SWZ
S]STZ
L[R
TXWUZ
\ WU]
OZ
EV
\
TZX\
NX\N]R]QV
]
Y]R[SY]RV
NX\X[RZ
K\OZ
K\CZ
VS\YVUZ
\
M]PZFZYZ GUZ
UZ
V
WOVH]QV
YZN[GUZY[L
NX\SVNB]F]
VY]NXZR
VUTX<ZY\P
NX\D[R[P
M]
N]UX\J N[
XZ
M]
]
Y]X[H\U[
RZWZUS]
S[X\WU\CZ
Q]XD]
\
TZ
O\
S[
R[WU[QY\SZ
!LLL" 7
LX]R[T\J WZ
Y]Q
KXE]
\
Y]QZYZXL\HY\Q]
WXZRWUT]
P]
T]X[G\P]
\
WZO\P]
V
S[Q\P]
WV
WT\ A\WUZP
R\
XZSUY[L
NX\SVNB]F]
N[XZM]
WU]Y[TY\I\
QZRYZ
TZXZ
YZCZ
WZ CZ
N[WUZNZY[
\
GU[
QZ
KXEZ
P[LVCZ
GU[
N[WU]TB]U\
Y\S]STZ
NXZ
N XZ
S Z
M] WZ
U\HZ
WT\D
RXE]TY\D
NX\D[R]
K\U\
N[Y[TY[
N[R\M]FZ
NXZP]
NXT[K\UY\P M]PZFZY
N[XZM[P
NXZP]
MZPB\GY\P
NO]Y[T\P]
LX]<ZT\Y]
S[QZ
WV
Y]PZ
FZ
YZ NO]Y[T\P]
K[L[WOVEZFV
M]U\P
GS[O]
K[OY\I]
\ Vucinich
WUX
&J&
LX[K]B]
AT]S[
Y]M\T]FZ
N[LXRY\P
\PZY\P]
\O\
NX[
M\T]FZ
S[QZ
M]
I\B
\P]
R]
K\O[
S[QV U]
QZ
K\[
I\B
UVXWS\D
TO]WU\
S]R]
WV
\MR]OZ
[T]Q
RZSXZU5
LXVNV
N[R]Y\S]
)]XWUT]
NX[LO]W\
P]FZ
TXZRY[P
[R
YZSZ
RXVLZ
\
U[
MK[L
TZXZ 7N[XZR\
S[Y
SXZUYZ
PZXZ
[T[L
RZSXZU]
QZM\S]
\O\
X]WZ
M]VTZS
CZ
K\U\ W]
NX\PZRK]P]
S[QZ
WV
\MYZUZ
V
\MKX\W]Y[
\M
VNX]TY\D
NX[U[S[O] NXZUD[RY[P
R[SVPZYUV
*IJ&,
-\WO\G
8[YZCZ
WZ
M]S[Y
NX[U\T
VN[UXZKZ O\
R]
QZ
RZSXZU
VWNZ[
R]
[Q]H]
O[Q]OJ
VTXZRB\T\D
XZH\
\
PZ<V
NX\T]UY\P
WTZJ Y[WU
YZPVWO\P]YWS\D
Y]
X[
R]
[WP]YJ
U[P
\
[R
WUX]YZ
TO]WU\ WS[Q
RXE]T\5
2[GU[
WZ
WTZ
TZXZ
P[LV
WO[K[RY[
\WN[TZR]U\
Y\QZR]Y
N[R]Y\S
YZCZ
K\U\
;<
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
I=B8AQNHPQ@O3+N5PQMQ?EPKIQ<PQMJKOFPQ= .VL]X]
S[QZ
K\
X ]
=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
5NQ CFMDKNQ 7I>PLJHM=GILJHNQ CL,PFN $O]Y[T\
U[L
1ZC]
UXZK]
R]
PZ<V
W[K[P
9B8*0: N[RZOZ
TO]WU
U]S[
R]
WT]S\
\P]
WT[Q
XZW[X
@Y\
\P]QV
NX]T[
R]
NXZRO]EV
AQ-LNCJGPFHPQNKGLPEKM>QGPDKM>Q7I>PLQJQ= M]S[YZ
\
NX]TZ
Y]IXUZ
RXE]TY[L
KVZU]
HM>QHM@OGNGPQJIEGPKIQ 7CIEP<O<I8 S[QZ
CZ
N[GU[
\D
NX\DT]U\
=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
K\U\
N[RY[GZY\
I]XZT[P
8[N\W Y]
P ZW
Y \SV
Y]
VWT]Q]FZ
AT\
[Y\
M]QZRY[
ZL[T[P
1\W[H]YWUTV
WVOU]YV
?KRVO]M\MJ [RL[T]X]QV
M]
WT[Q]
RZO]
U]S[
R]
Y\QZRJ
D]YV
Y]GZP
VMT\GZY[P
L[WN[R]XV
\
[IV Y]
[ROVS]
I]XZT[L
Y]PZWY\S]
YZCZ
@R
)ZYUX]OY[L
U]QY[L
KVL]XWS[L
S[P\UZU] WUVN\U\
Y]
WY]
L V
VS[O\S[
QZ
YZ
N[UN\GV
HO]Y[T\
1ZC]
!LLL"
1]GZ
1\W[H]YWUT[ $O]Y
6
T]Y\HY]
TZX[\WN[TZWU
V
MZPB\
AVRK\Y]
N[QZR\YI]
\
WT]SZ
Y]I\QZ
QZ
V QZ
NX]T[WO]TBZ
XVS]P]
WTZP[CY[L
.[L]
S[Q\
VNX]TB] $O]Y

8]
WZ
NX]TR]
WNX[T[R\
V
WTZU[P
2XZ
HZU\X\
TZS]
WVRK\Y]
QZ
Y]W WSO]RV
W
N[WZKY\P
KVL]XWS\P
M]S[Y\P]
.VL]XZ
\
Y]
G V
RX]LV
[U]K\YV
WU]T\O] S[QZ
CZ
R[YZU\
=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
!LLL"
N[R
TO]WU
WO]TY\D
[WT]Q]H]
S[Q\
WV
V $O]Y

8]
.VL]XWS[
I]XWUT[
\P]
WT[QV
:TX[N\
WUT[X\O\
@WP]YWS[
I]XWUT[
!LLL" T[Q
W SV
[XL]Y\M[T]YV
N[
Y[T[P
W\WUZPV
\
@R
1]W
P[O\P[
BVK]MYV
R[MT[OV
R]
1]P NXZP]
N[WZKY[P
M]S[YV
!LLL"
\MYZWZP[
X]MO[LZ
MK[L
S[Q\D
KVL]XWS\ $O]Y

8]
KVL]XWS\
QZM\S
KVRZ
Y]X[R
[R
1]W
N[Y\MY[
UX]E\
R]
WZ MT]Y\HY\
QZM\S
[KQ]T\
FZL[T]
YZM]T\WY[WU $O]Y
(
8]
KVRV
[KZMKZ<ZY]
WT]
2[O\U\HS]
YZM]T\WY[WU LX]<]YWS]
\
N[O\U\HS]
NX]T]
Y]
$O]Y

8]
WZ
+[XP\X]
Y]X[RY]
Y] NX\PZX#
WO[K[R]
GU]PNZ
NX]T[
Y]
WO[J
VWU]TV
M]WY[T]Y]
TO]WU K[R]Y
L[T[X
NX]T[
Y]
[RXE]T]FZ
$O]Y
0
8]
WZ
.VL]XWS]
\
WT]
N[RXVHQ] Q]TY\D
WSVN[T]
\
X]WNX]T]
[
N[O\U\HS\P
Y]
W Z
B ZY]
.VL]X\P]
NX[LO]WZ
M]
YZM]TJ \
RXVGUTZY\P
N\U]F\P]
\UR
]
R]
KVRZ
\WYZ
\
Y]M[TV
.VL]XWS\P
I]XWUT[P [KZMKZ<ZY]
\
O\HY]
WO[K[R]
NX]
T [
R]
$O]Y

8]
.VL]XWS[
I]XWUT[
KVRZ
N[O\J WT]S[
KVRZ
L[WN[R]X
V
WT[P
R[PV
\
U\H
S \
TZM]Y[
M]
@WP]YWS[
I]XWUT[
\
R] TZXWS]
U[OZX]YI\Q]
F\PZ
TO]R]
I]X
\PNZX]U[X
ZL[T[ Hristomati1
WUX
(J(6
1\W[H]YWUT[
WVOU]Y
?KRVO]M\M
\
FZL[T\
Y]WOZRY\I\
S[Q\
CZ
U\UVO\
"[WP]YWS\
WVOU]Y!
R[R]U\
\
"KVL]XWS\ =ZS[O\S[
UZSWU[T]
R[S]MVQZ
Y]N[XZ
S[
Q\P]
WZ
EZO\
M]WY[T]U\
Y]I\[Y]OY]
I]X!
!LLL"
RXE]T]
-Z<VU\P
Y]I\[Y]OY]
RXE]T]
Y\QZ
$O]Y
&
8]
I]XZT
Y]PZWY\S
KVRZ
RXVL\ QZ
R\Y\
NXZRT\<ZY\
[KO\S
N[O\U\HSZ
[XL]Y\J
N[
W
O Z
ZL[T[L
1\W[H]YWUT]
S][ M]I\QZ

MK[L
WNZI\+\HY\D
N[O\U\HS\D
[S[OJ
TO]R]X]
RXE]TZ
N[WOZ
TO]RZ
\ Y[WU\
\MYZU\
WV
\
RXVL]H\Q\
NXZRO[M\
S[Q\
\MTXGYZ
TO]WU\
TXD[T
Y [L
S[P]YR]YU] WV
M]NX]T[
K\O\
]OUZXY]U\T]
Y]I\[Y]OY[Q
KVL]XWSZ
T[QWSZ
\
TXD[TY[L
WVR\QZ RXE]T\
$O]Y

8]
I]XZT
Y]PZWY\S
TO]R]
VM
N[P[C
1ZC]
W]WU]TBZY[L
W]P[
[R

AVOU]Y
[R
&
R[
&
L[R\YZ
>E
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
?Y]O\M\X]Q
Y]H\Y
Y]
S[Q\
K\
.V
L]X
J 2X[S[PZYU]X\G\
WU]T
V]RJN]GZ

WS]
UXZK]O[
R]
KVRZ
[XL]Y\M[T]Y]
V >M
S[Q\D
X]MO[L]
[Y
SX\U\SVQZ
NXZRJ
[ST\XV
RT[QYZ
UVXWS[JKVL]XWSZ
RXE]TZ WU]TSV5
-\WO\G
O\
R]
QZ
U[
K\[
\
9]S]T
K\
K\[
[RY[W
NXZP]
[WP]YWS[Q MT]
Y\H
Y\
WU]T
@WP]YWS[L
I]XWUT]5
RXE]T\5
2[SVG]Q
R]
X]MVPZG
M]GU[ @XL]Y\MVQUZ
X]WNX]TV#
HO]Y[T\
3]QY[L
S[P\UZU]
\MY[WZ
[T]S]T 2[RZO\UZ
WZ
V
RTZ
LXVNZ

QZRY]
YZS]
]
YZ
YZS]S]T
RXVL]H\Q\
NXZRO[L
8]
O\ NX[Y]<Z
X]MO[LZ
S[Q\P
K\
WZ
P[L][
KX]
J
MY]G
M]
YZSV
RT[QYV
RXE]TV
V
:TX[N\5 Y\
U\
NXZRO[L
M]
WUT]X]FZ
RT[QYZ
UVXWS[JKVL]XWSZ
RXE]TZ
]
RXVL]
YZS]
$AQ!NPH;ODPQIPC=?P3N(6 ?LN@PQ@N@MPLO= X]MP[UX\
WU]Y[T\GUZ
S[QZ
M]WUVN]
@PQLOJGNQ1GP@7MEJHM>Q V]RJN]G]
7M\P]QVC\
V
[KM\X
WNZI\+\HYZ
\WU[X\Q
J
-MJNGPQ IPC=?P3OAQ
>WU[L
U[L
R]Y]
0 WSZ
VWO[TZ
P[EZUZ
N[SVG]U\
R]
X]W
J
]NX\O]
&
RXVL[L
R]Y]
.]QX]P]
%X\WU[
QZ NX]T
B]UZ
[
WO\HY[P
NXZRO[LV
S[Q\
WZ
[U\G][
V]RJN]G\
R]Y]W
P\Y\WUXV
WN[J U\HZ
ZUY\HSZ
LXVNZ
W
S[Q[P
WZ
T\
\RZYU\J
BY\D
N[WO[T]
N[R
\ML[T[X[P
R]
EZO\
R] +\SVQZUZ
PV
HZWU\U]
NX]MY\SZ
\
NXZRWU]T\
WZ
!LLL"L 3[
J
S[P
X]ML[T[X]
P\Y\WU]X
QZ
L[T[X\[
[
R[
N\
J I=B6AQ -LMDNHPGQ IDNCO5N5PQ $I>PLPQ OQ 1L7P

WV
\
XZS][
R]
WZ
TO]R]
"a fait sourde oreille! IQ DI,KMJEMFNKJHMQ ;PLJGFMQ ?MCQ FEP3I
!NX]T\
LOVT]" \
Y\S[
[R
P\Y\WU]X]
U[
Y\
QZ JL?JHM>Q HKN<PQ O'POEPQ "7LNKMFOP
Y\
N[PZYV[
"?S[
WV
.VL]X\
U[
M]\WU]
Y]
N\
J 9B8*0:
W]O\!
R[R][
QZ
V]RJN]G]
"[YR]
WV
TXO[
WZK\HY\
R]
V
@WP]YWS[P
I]XWUTV
E\
TZ -FIDICI>
W]P[
3VXI\
\
.VL]X\
U[
K\
[YR]
K\O]
RXV
L] 2[GU[
V
R]Y]GF\P
[S[OY[WU\P]
Y]X[R\
WUT]X
]O\
UV
WV
\
/XI\
4ZXPZY\
?OK]Y
I\ N[R
3VXI\P]
P[X]QV
SXZYVU\
V
[WO[K[R\J
9VXR\
?X]N\
\
PY[LZ
RXVLZ
Y]I\QZ
\
WT]S] O]HSV
K[XKV
P\
.VL]X\
S[Q\
E\T\P[
V
.V
J
[R
U\D
Y]I\Q]
UXZK]
R]
\P]
\WU]
N[
O\U\HS] L]X
WS[Q
3X]S\Q\
\
-]SZR[Y\Q\
[SVN\O\
WP[
\
Y]I\[Y]OY]
NX]T]
\
NX\T\OZ
L\
QZ
=Z
P[
J WZ
R]
X]MP\WO\P[
\
Y]<ZP[
Y]H\Y
R]
[WO[J
LV
W]P[
3VXI\
/XI\
\O\
.VL]X\
S]
S[
GU[
WZ K[R\P[
T[BZYV
[U]K\YV
S]S[
K\WP[
WZ
S]EZ
V
NXZRWU]TI\
R]
N[
RX
E]
T]QV
UVX
WSV NX\RXVE\O\
N[X[R\I\
WO[K[RY\D
MZP]B]
RXE]TV
TZC
U[
P[X]QV
H\
Y\
U\
WT\
X]TY[J \
WTZUV
N[S]M]O\
R]
N[WU[Q\P[
NX]TY[
]O\
WTZ
UZ
Y]I\QZ
P[
X]
QV
\P]
U\
\ 8]
K\WP[
VWNZO\
V
U]S[
T]EY[P
N[RVDT]UV
X]
MVPYZ
X]MO[LZ
R]
U[
H\YZ
]
U[
T]P
S]
J P[X]P[
[R]KX]U\
YZS\
[R
WVWZRY\D
Y]X[R]
W
EZP!
M]SBVH\[
QZ
P\Y\WU]X
"W]W
U]T
B]
H\ S[Q\P
K\WP[
P[LO\
R[C\
R[
WO[K[RZ
Y]
[K[
J
[TZ
NXZRWU]TSZ
WV
WZK\HY\
\
YZ
MXZO\ !
WUX]YV
S[X\WU
\
Y\WP[
P[LO\
[R]KX]U\
RXV
L\
AU]PK[OWS\
WUX
060J06 Y]X[R
R[
AXKZ
W
S[Q\P]
WP[
N[TZ
M]
Y\
Y]
J
I\[Y]OY[
N[
TZX\
\
LZ[LX]+WS[P
N[O[E]QV
8X
%X\WU[
3
AU]PK[OWS\
*(
9]
J AXK\
\
.VL]X\
UXZK]
R]
WZ
KX]UWS\
VQZR\YZ
M]Y
O\S

60
A[+\Q],
OZS]X
\
Q]TY]
V
4VEY[WO[TZYWS[
9X]BZTWUT[
O\HY[WU
2X[+ZW[X
]Y]U[P\QZ
Y]
)]XWS[Q
PZR\I\YWS[Q
GS[O\
V
>WU]YKVOV
QZR]Y
[R
4VEY[WO[TZYWS[
9X]BZTWUT[
CZ
WZ
W]WU[Q]
U\
[XL]Y\M]U[X]
MRX]TWUTZYZ
M]GU\UZ
V
.V
L]X
J [R
WXNWS[L
\
KVL]XWS[L
SX]BZTWUT]
*KV
L]X
WS[
W
S[Q
Y]S[Y

L[R\YZ
.\[
QZ
]SU\T]Y
V
N[
J [KVDT]U]
.VL]XWSV
3X]S\QV
\
-]SZ
R[
Y\QV,
SXZUV
M]
WUT]X]FZ
M]WZKYZ
KVL]XWSZ
IXSTZ =]
HZOV
Y[T[+[XP\X]YZ
TO]RZ
K\CZ
W]
J
S[Q]
CZ
K\U\
YZM]T\WY]
[R
LXHSZ
N]UX\
J R]G
F\
WXNWS\
SYZM
-\D]\O[
@KXZY[T\C
Q]XG\QZ W]
Y]WOZRY\P
NX]T[P
6
V]RJN]G]
*J&6,
QZRY]
[R
T[RZC\D
O\HY[WU\
U]YM\P]U]
V
NZU
Y]TX]U]
P\Y\WU]X
WN[BY\D
N[WO[T]
\
RT]
NVU]
TZO\S\
TZM\X
>K
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
3[
SX]BZTWUT[
UXZK]
R]
\P]
QZRYV
M]WU]TV .VL]X]

F\D
CZ
[WU]T\U\
R]
WZ
W]P\
WY]<V
\
Y]
F[Q
UXZK]
R]
KVRV
W\PK[O\
[K]
Y]X[J ?O\
M]U[
WV
\
.VL]X\
\P]O\
Y]
VPV
W]P[
R]
>WU[
T]E\
\
M]
Y[T]I
S[X\WU
S[QV
K\
P[LO\
R]
\MTVSV
[R
WT[Q\D
@KZ
MZPBZ
CZ
M]RXE]U\
WT[Q
QZM\S
S][
MT]
J WVY]X[RY\S]
W
[YZ
WUX]YZ
8VY]T]
!LLL"L
Y\HY\
]
MT]Y\HY\I\
CZ
K\U\
\M
[RL[T]X]J )ICA@HGDJ

WUX
(&
QVCZL
Y]X[R]
\
L[T[X\U\
U\P
QZM\S[P
-\
CZP[
NX\DT]U\U\
R]Y]GFZ
WXNWSZ
M]
S[
J 9[Q\
WV
NX]T\
I\BZT\
.VL]X]
\
;V
PV
Y]
NXZP]
UTXRF]P]
XVWS[L
R\NO[P]UZ5
YZ
\
NXZTZWU\
\D
Y]
KVL]XWS\
ATZ
XZLVO]J
U\TZ
4VEY[WO[TZYWS[L
9X]BZTWUT]
K\CZ 7N[XZR\
UZSWU[TZ
I J
I J6
\
IJ0
KZM
\MVMZUS]
[KQ]TBZYZ
Y]
[K]
QZM\S]
U[ U]
P\WO\G
S[Q\
K\
NX[QZS]U
K\[
Y]QK[B\
QZWU
\
Y]
WXNWS[P
\
Y]
KVL]XWS[P
M]
.VL]XZ5
)ICA@HGDJ

WUX
((J(' 7N[XZR\
UZSWU[TZ
IJ
IJ
IJ6
IJ0
\
IJ(
9[Q\
WV
N[O\U\HS\
P[RZO\
V
F\P]
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
WV
.VL]X\
[R]
J NXZRO[EZY\5
KX]
O\
VY\QV
W]
AXK\Q[P
]
Y\WV
UX]
J
E\
O\
TO]WU\UV
Y]I\[Y]OYV
RXE]TV5 I=4BAQ "Q MCKMJIQ ?MEOGO2HNQ JEM7MCNQ O
9]S[
WV
NO]Y\X]O\
R]
W]HVT]QV
WT[Q
Y]
J KP;ODNQI XIX FNHIQ#QILNCKO2HOQHM@NKGPL
I\
[Y]OY\
\RZYU\UZU5 I7NKPQ PLPFNEMFPQ IQ EOJGIQ &,,%0
9KMFN@7PLQB8*6:
I=4.AQ!IJHOQO<FN3GPDQMQ?EPKMFO@PQPLJHIQCL,PFI K]Y
T]MRVD
]
X\K]P]
T[R]
U]S[
QZ
H[TZSV
9B8*0: Y]QN[UXZKY\Q]
\
Y]QNXZH]
WO[K[R]
.ZM
WO[J
K[RZ
H[TZS
YZ
P[EZ
K\U\
H[TZS
TZC
W]P[
7
N\WPV
KX

[R
'
]NX\O]
\P][
W]P
H]WU N[O]
H[TZS]
KZM
WO[K[RZ
H[TZS
YZ
P[EZ
R]
[K]TZWU\P
1]GV
ZSWZOZYI\QV
R]
WV
V
U]
J K\U\
[Y[
GU[
QZ
NX\X[R]
[R
FZL]
Y]H\Y\O]
S[
MT]Y[P
3]QY[P
KVL]XWS[P
S[P\UZUV N]
R]SOZ
YZ
P[EZ
K\U\
Y\
WXZC]Y
VLO]TY[P
PO]R\
BVR\
R]
QZ
[Y
[WY[T]Y
W] ATZ
GU[
QZ
N[UXZKY[
N[QZR\YIV
N[UXZKY[
QZ
I\BZP
R]
N[P[LYZ
WUT]X]FV
N[M\U\TY[L \
H\U]T[Q
Y]I\Q\
4ZR\Y[
Y]I\Q]
S[Q]
\P]
Y]X[RY[L
X]WN[O[EZF]
NXZP]
.VL]X\P]
V WT[Q
\WU[X\QWS\
E\T[U
\
VYVUX]GFV
\
WN[
J
:TX[N\
\
R]
\WU[TXZPZY[
N[RWU]SYZ
.V
L]
J B]GFV
WO[K[RV
U[
QZWU
[Y]
S[Q]
QZ
N[O\J
XZ
Y]
N[KVYV
NX[U\T
UVXWS[L
Q]XP] U\HS\
\
\YUZOZSUV]OY[
YZM]T\WY]
P[EZ
R]
2[R]I\
S[QZ
W]P
NX\SVN\[
VS]MVQV
R]
QZ
9[
J E\T\
\
R]
NX[WNZX\X]
AT]S]
Y]I\Q]
S[Q]
P\
UZU
[WY[T]Y
R[L[T[X[P
XVPVYWSZ
WUX]Y
J YZP]
N[O\U\HSV
WO[K[RV
VTZS
QZ
H]S
\
S]R
SZ
)XTZY\D
*O\KZX]O],
\
YZS\D
.VL]X] \P]
Y]QO\KZX]OY\QV
TO]RV
\MO[EZY]
YZ
J
@W\P
U[L]
NXZP]
U[P
R[L[T[XV
;VPVY\
WV NX\
PZUY[P
VU\I]QV
IZYUX]O\MP]
\
TO]R]J
WZ
[K]TZM]O\
R]
.VL]X\P]
N[P[LYV
R]
WZ QVCZ
Y]I\QZ
\
XZUS[
S]R]
U]Q
VU\I]Q
N[M\J
[WO[K[RZ
UVXWSZ
TO]WU\
\
NX[LO]WZ
.V
L]X
J U\TY[
RZOVQZ
Y]
N[X[KBZYV
Y]I\QV
WSV
M]
MZPBV
YZM]T\WYV
[R
WVOU]Y] 9]X]TZO[T
WUX
&'
=ZP]
WVPFZ
R]
WV
;VPVY\
R[L[T]X]QVC\
WZ
W]
.VL]X\P]
V
N[U]Q\
EZOZO\
R]
N[Y[T[ VKZY
9]X]TZO[T
*('6,
N\W]I
Y[T\Y]X
[XL]Y\M]U[X
\
\RZ[
J
WUT[
XZ
TO]GS[JKVL]XWSV
RXE]TV
GU[
K\
O[L
KVL]XWS[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
[WO[K[R\O]HS[L
F\
P]
\GO[
V
NX\O[L
S[X\WUZC\
U[
GU[
CZ N[SXZU]
@WY[T][
QZ
Y]QTZCV
KVL]XWSV
XZT[
J
KVL]XWS\
VWU]Y]S
WUT[X\U\
NX[KOZPZ
UVX
J OV
I\[Y]XYV
[XL]Y\M]I\QV
\
K\[
VXZRY\S
FZ
J

WS\P
TO]WU\P]
@Y\
K\
[YR]
P[LO\
R]
NX[J Y\D
Y[T\Y]
AP]UX]
WZ
QZRY\P
[R
VUZPZB\J
LO]WZ
YZM]T\WYV
;VPVY\QV
]
GU[
WZ
U\HZ T]H]
Y[TZ
KVL]XWSZ
SF\EZTY[WU\
>B
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
?Y]O\M\X]Q
UTXRFV
R]
QZ
"WTZ
GU[
QZ E\TZ
V
VM]Q]PY[P
WSO]RV
\
NX\Q]UZBWUTV
N[UXZKY[
N[QZR\YIV
N[UXZKY[
QZ
\ S][
GU[
\
UXZK]
R]
KVRZ
W]
WVLX]<]Y\P]
\
V
H\U]T[Q
Y]I\Q\!
7N[XZR\
[T]Q
UZSWU
W] [KX]M[T]Y[P
Y]X[RV
>N]S
Y]
Y]GV
TZ
O\
J
UZSWU[P
IIIJ
S[Q\
QZ
Y]N\W][
8\P\UX\QZ SV
E]O[WU
T\RZO\
WP[
YZWO[LV
\
YZWN[X]
J
.[O\YU\YZ]YV
U]
[T\
]VU[X\
EZOZ
R] MV
PZ
R[
S[Q\D
QZ
VNXS[W
Y]G[Q
R[KX[Q
T[B\
Y]P
W][NGUZ5
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
[Y\ R[GO[
\MPZ<V
KVL]XWS\D
DX\GC]Y]
\
LXHSZ
\WU\HV
\RZQV
Y]I\QZ5 N]UX\Q]XG\QZ

@WY\T]
WZ
".VL]XWS]
ZLM]XD\Q]!
UZX\U[
J
1EAQBAQ1EMFNKODPQP7MLOQ9B8*6: X\
Q]
W]
M]WZKY[P
TZXWS[P
TO]GCV
@Y]
CZ
[KVDT]U\U\
R[OZ
Y]TZRZYZ
ZN\WS[N\QZ
\
ZN]X
D\QZ
\
YZS]
RXVL]
PZWU]
:LM]XD\Q]
CZ
\P]U\
NX]T[
R]
WZ
K]T\
WT\P
IXSTZY\P
N\U]F\P]
V
U[Q
TZX[\WN[TZWU\
0
=]QT\G\
H\Y
PZ<V
WTZGUZY\I\P]
Y[W\CZ
MT]FZ
"ZLM]XD!
\
K\CZ
S]Y[YWS\
NXZRWZR]
J
T]
QVC\
KVL]XWS[L
ATZU[L
W\Y[R]
H\QZ
CZ
WZR\GUZ
VTZS
K\U\
U]P[
LRZ
QZ
[Y
!LLL"

2XZP]
IXSTZY\P
S]Y[Y\P]
U]Q
ZLM]XD
N[WU]TBZY
Y]G\P
KZX]U[P
*VS]M[P,
P[X]
V
O\UVXL\Q\
R]
N[PZYZ
\PZ
I]X\LX]RWS[L
N]UX\Q]XD]
2XZ
YZL[
GU[
WZ
[R]KZXZ
[W[K]
N[R[KY]
R]
N[WU]YZ
ZLM]XD
NXZP]
IXSTZY\P
S]Y[Y\P]
UXZK]
UX]E\U\
P\GBZFZ
\
NX\WU]Y]S
P[QZ
Slovenska
WUX
00
TO]RZ
!LLL"
!LLL"
\KZX]OY[
[X\QZYU\W]Y\
AO[
TZY
I\
WOZR\O\
WV
NX\PZX
$ZD]
\
[XL]Y\M[J 7S[O\S[
WT\
\O\
K]XZP
RTZ
UXZC\YZ
DX\G
J
T]O\
"U]K[XZ!
W]WU]YSZ
Y]
[UT[XZY[P
V
MY]S C]
Y]
S[Q\
E\TZ
T]Y
N[PZYVU\D
PZWU]
EZOZ
N[RXGSZ
NX[LX]PV
M]
VQZR\FZYV
AO[TZY\QV R]
NXZ<V
V
Y]ROZEY[WU
UZ
ZLM]XD\QZ
\
]S[
3[S[P
RTZ
L[R\YZ
WTZ
R[S
.ZH
Y\QZ
M]
KX]
Y\[ WZ
U[
R[S]EZ
F\P]
CZ
K\U\
R[
NVGUZY[
R]
UZ
Q]TYZ
+[XVPZ
AO[TZYI\
WV
WZ
[SVNB]O\
Y] U[
VH\YZ
X]MY\P
PZWU\P]
WOV
G]
O\
L[T[XY\SZ
\ Hristomati1
WUX
0&J0
R[Y[W\O\
[ROVSZ
[
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
N\U]F\P]
.VL]XWS]
ZLM]XD\Q]
QZ
K\O]
M]WZKY]
U]
QZ
WTXD]
H\U]TZ
[TZ
WO\
SZ5 [XL]Y\M]I\Q]
V
[ST\XV
NX]T[WO]TYZ
9]S]T
QZ
WP\W][
+[U[
LX]
+\QZ
V
IZYJ IXSTZ
[WY[T]Y]
+ZKXV]X]

L[R\YZ
UVX
W
J
UXV5 S\P
+ZXP]Y[P
*WVOU]Y[T\P
VS]M[P,
2[
J
WU[Q]O]
QZ
WTZ
R[
6'
S]R]
QZ
VMR\LYVU]
Y]
9]ST]
QZ
TZM]
\MPZ<V
NZQM]E]
\
Y]I\[J
WUZNZY
N]UX\Q]XG\QZ
Y]OY\D
TXZRY[WU\5
I=44AQNL@PKQHMDO@QDNQMJKMFPKPQ$I>PLJHP U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
WV
UVXWSZ
TO]
WU\
NX\DT]U\OZ
WUT]X]FZ
]VU[Y[PYZ
N><PL'ODPQ9B80.:
.VL]XWSZ
ZLM]XD\QZ5
>M
S[L
WV
X]MO[L]
N[
UT[P
P\GBZFV
NX]T[WO]TY\
.VL]X\
AT\
Y]G\
N[WOVGY\
N[R]Y\I\
\
LX]<]Y\
EZOZO\
R]
\P]QV
WT[QV
]VU[Y[PYV
IXSTZ
YV
Y]GZL
)]XWUT]
VE\T]QV
NVYV
\
WU]OYV
WO[J
[XL]Y\M]I\QV
[RT[QZYV
[R
)]X\
LX]R
WSZ
K[RV
TZX[\WN[TZWU\
\
WT]
RXVL]
NX]T]
N]UX\Q]XG\QZ5
>;
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
I=4/AQ!N<IEGPGOQOJ?OGOFP5PQM Y]G[Q
Y]R]XZY[WU\
\
SVOUVXY[P
Y]NXZUSV
?LO?PCKMJGOQ;LHFOQIQ1HM?JHMDQO =[
L[U[T[
WT]S\
[R
U\D
WN\W]UZB]
QZ
R[
S]
J
"'LOCJHMDQN?OJHM?ODOQ9B80): M][
\O\
P]UZP]U\HS\
R[S]MVQZ
R]
P\
S]S[
K\WP[
X]MT\O\
WT[QZ
Q[G
YZ\WS[X\GCZYZ
2[WOZ
\WN\U\T]F]
N[T[R[P
N[WU]TB]F] WN[W[KY[WU\
\
N[WU]O\
"2XVW\
QVL]!
\O\
KVL]XWS\D
ZN\WS[N]
V
AS[NWSV
\
@DX\RWSV ":YLOZM\
\WU[S]!
P[X]P[
MK]I\U\
T]XJ
ZN]XD\QV
NXZP]
U]HS\

+ZXP]Y]
[
[WY\J T]XWS\
UVXWS\
Q]X]P
[WO[K[R\U\
WZ
U[L
YZ
J
T]FV
.VL]XWSZ
ZLM]XD\QZ
VUTX<ZY[
QZ
R]
[R BVR
WS[L
X[NWUT]
S[QZ
WNVU]T]
WTZ
Y]GZ
P[
J
&6
DX\GC]YWS\D
N[X[R\I]
V
AS[NWS[Q C\
\
\MLX]R\U\
K[W+[XWS\
KVOZT]X
WO[
J
ZN]XD\Q\
W]P[
'&
EZO\
R]
[WU]YZ
V
[ST\XV K[RYZ
QVEY[WO[TZYWSZ
S[Y+ZRZX]I\QZ
LXHSZ
N]UX\Q]XG\QZ
]
NXZ[WU]O[

R[
J .[UZT
WUX
'J&
P]C\YWUT[
WZ
[NXZRZO\O[
M]
.VL]XWSV
%X\WU[
.[UZT
*(&,
Y]I\[Y]OJ
ZLM]XD\QV
Y\
DZX[Q
NZWY\S
Y[T\Y]X
\
XZT[OVJ
2XZP]
N[R]I\P]
[R
0
PVD]XZP]
06
*0 I\[Y]X
\TZ[
\
X]R\[
VLO]TY[P
V
;VPVY\Q\
+ZKXV]X]
(,
\M
A[OVYWS[L
T\O]QZU]
XZ
J .\[
T[<]
KVL]XWS[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
[WO[K[R\J
MVOU]U\
\WN\U\T]F]
V
LX]RV
@DX\RV
\ O]HS[L
N[SXZU]
('
-]Q]
&
L[
R\
J
[S[O
Y[P
N[RXVHQV
N[S]MVQV
R]
QZ
W]P[
6 YZ
NXZG][
8VY]T
W
P]O[KX[QY\P
[RXZR[P
PVGS]X]I]
XZSO[
R]
K\
[WU]O[
V
LXHS[Q VWU]
Y\S]
\
N[L\YV[
V
WVS[KV
W]
UVXWS[P
T[Q
J
N]UX\Q]XG\Q\
]
6
WZ
\MQ]WY\O[
M]
NXZ
J
WS[P
=]N\W][
QZ
W]P[
RT]RZWZU
NZW]P]
]O\
O]M]S
N[R
Y]ROZEY[WU
.VL]XWSZ
ZLM]XD\QZ U[
QZ
K\O[
R[T[BY[
R]
N[WU]YZ
SO]W\S
KV
J
Hristomati1
WUX
0 L]X
WSZ
SF\EZTY[WU\
9]S[
S[PZYU]X\GZG
XZMVOU]UZ U]
QZ
I\B
[T[L
UZSWU]5
9]S[
QZ
N\
J
\WN\
U\T]F]5
9[Q\
WV
Y]P
Q[G
N[R]I\ W]I
N[SVG][
R]
Y]LO]W\
N[Y[W
N[UXZKY\
R]
K\WP[
K[BZ
X]MVPZO\
UZ .VL]X]5
XZMVOU]UZ5
8]
O\
QZ
V
XIX TZSV
K\O[ U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
N\W]I
\YW\WU\X]
Y]
YZ[K\HY[
R]
WZ
W]P[
PVGS]XI\
\MQ]G
F]
J \RZQ\
R]
K\
.VL]X\
P[LO\
K\U\
"2XVW\
T]QV5
8]
O\
QZ
NX]T\HY[
U[
GU[
QZ
V QVL]!
[RY[WY[
":YLOZM\
\WU[S]!5
=]
S[L]
AS[NWS[Q
ZN]XD\Q\
H\U]T[
R[P]C\YWUT[ WZ
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
Y]QHZGCZ
P\WO\
S]R
WZ
\P]O[
W]P[
QZR]Y
LO]W5 S]EZ
:TX[NB]Y\Y5
I=4)AQ LOJGMQ $MGNFQ P3GMQ $I>PLOQ GLN7P

CPQ JNQ 7MLNQ <PQ KP;OMKPEKMQ MJEM7MN5N I=4%AQ-MEOGO2HOQ?LM>LP@QNKGLPEKM>
9B80%: 7I>PLJHM>QCM7LMGFMLKM>QCLI3GFP
9$IHILN3G(QKMFN@7PLQB80*:
>WU[X\Q]
Y]GZL
Y]X[R]
QZ
UVEY]
\
PX]HY]
]
FZL[T]
W]R]GF]
W\UV]I\Q]
UZGS]
\
PVHY] 8]
K\
R[GO[
R[
P\X]
Y]
\WU[SV
R]
K\
WZ
8XVL\P
XZH\P]
.VL]X\
WV
X[K[T\
3VX]S] M]VWU]T\O[
YZNXZWU]Y[
Y]W\BZ
3VX]S]
S[
J
X[
K[T\
W]P\D
WZKZ
X[K[T\
[XV<]
S[Q\P
X]
J Q\
YZ
N[GUVQV
Y\S]ST[
BVRWS[
NX]T[
\
R]
RZ
N]
H]S
\
TO]WU\U[L
[KX]M[T]F]
\
SVO
J K\
WZ
\WNVY\OZ
NX]T\HYZ
EZBZ
KV
L]XWS[L
UVXZ
?S[
N[LOZR]UZ
S]S[
X]RZ
T\RZ
CZ
UZ Y]X[R]
:TX[N]
P[X]
N[P[C\
V
WNX[T[<ZFV
R]
X]RZ
S][
UZLOZC]
P]XT]
W]P[
QZR]Y
N[
J WOZRZCZL
NX[LX]P]#
LOZR
Y]
F\D[TZ
YZNX\X[RYZ
N]UFZ
\
F\
D[
J
3XZK]
N[Y[T[
VWN[WU]T\U\
KVL]XWSV
T]
O\I]
\
[RP]D
CZUZ
WZ
VTZX\U\
R]
M]\WU] RXE]
TV
S[Q]
[KVDT]U]
.VL]XWSV
-]SZ
R[
J
"X]RZ
S][
S[F\
WSVNB]QV
S][
NHZOZ
\ Y\QV
\
3X]S\QV
\
V
S[Q[Q
.VL]X\
NXZ[TO]<VQV
E\TZ
S][
WT\FZ! 0
.VL]XWS]
RXE]T]
UXZK]
R]
\P]
YZM]T\WJ
>WU\Y]
QZ
R]
WV
PY[L\
WUX]YI\
N\W]O\
\
R] YV
TO]RV
\
VWU]T
S[Q\
CZ
R[YZU\
M]S[Y[R]T
J
Q[G
VTZS
N\GV
PY[L[
[
Y]G[Q
TXZRY[C\ Y[
UZO[
\M]KX]Y[
[R
WUX]YZ
Y]X[R]
>>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>

ATZ
[KO]WU\
E\T[U]
UXZK]
VXZR\U\
N[
J 9]ST]
QZ
WTXD]
[TZ
NZWPZ5
U]
NZWJ
WZKY\P
M]S[Y\P]
S[Q\
CZ
K\U\
V
WSO]RV
W Y\S
EZO\
R]
S]EZ
U\PZ
GU[
Y]KX]Q]
VWU]T[P
\
N[UXZK]P]
Y]X[R] Y]M\TZ
Y]X[R]
S[Q\
E\TZ
Y]
N[RXVHQV
LRZ
(
ATZ
P]F\YZ
S[QZ
E\TZ
PZ<V
.VL]X\P] \
[Y5
UXZ
K]
R]
\P]QV
\WU]
N[O\U\HS]
\
LX]<]YWS]
NX]T]
'
7
KVL]XWS[Q
RXE]T\
UXZK]
R]
TO]R]
N[UJ I=40AQ$NLEOKJHOQ@OLMFKOQI>MFMLQ9B808:
NVY]
WO[K[R]
W]TZWU\
&
AT\
LX]<]Y\
P[X]QV
K\U\
[K]TZMY\
R]
WOV
J >MFMLQ O<@NIQ AQ $LOGPKODN(Q IJGLM=
EZ
T[QWSV
\
N[D]<]QV
[WY[TY[
[KX]M[T]FZ >PLJHN(Q LPK;IJHN(Q N@P2HN(Q GPEODN(
Hristomati1
WUX
&6 !IJODNQ OQ ILJHNAQ $NLEOK(Q B/AQ DIEQ B808A
>MCOKNQ
2[GU[
QZ
V
.VL]XWS[Q
]TLVWU]
&
VLVGZY
?NX\OWS\
VWU]Y]S
KVL]XWSZ
EPKQ I .VL]XWS]
WZ
S[YWU\UV\GZ
S][
\MKZL
O\IZ
V
;VPVY\Q\
[WY[T]OZ
WV
)ZY
UX]O
J ]VU[
Y [PY]
\
M]T\WY]
SYZEZT\Y]
N[R
Y[
KVL]XWS[
R[KX[UT[XY[
RXVGUT[
N[
O\
J TXD[TY[P
TO]
C V
FZL[T[L
I]XWS[L
U\HSV
[XL]Y\M]I\QV
H\Q\
WZ
LO]TY\
N[O\U\HS\ TZO\H]YWUT]
AVO
U ]Y]
9YZEZT\Y]
CZ
M]D
UZT
U\HZ
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
[WO[K[<ZF] \P]U\
DX\GC]YWSV
TO]RV
\
Y]I\[Y]OYV
.VL]X] P\O\I\QV
EPKQ XXIII 1\W[S]

N[XU]
NXZVM\P]
9]S[
[KQ]GF]T]G
\MX]MZ
S[Q\
WV [K]TZMV
R]
Y]
[WUXTV
9X\U
R[WOZRY[
[TRZ
VN[UXZKBZY\
NX[U\T
3VX]S]
\ NX\PZFVQZ
@XL]Y
W S\
M]S[Y
\M
&
@WP]YWS[L
I]XWUT]5
-\WO\G
O\
R]
[Y\ L[R\YZ
VM
P[R\+\S]I\QZ
S[QZ
WZ
P[LV
\P]QV
YZSZ
TZMZ
W
U\P
GU[
WV
3VXI\
VLV
J WP]UX]U\
NX]T\HY\P
AO\
H Y\
M]S[Y\
G\
O\
?NX\OWS\
VWU]Y]S
&
L[R\YZ NX\O]L[<ZY\
O[S]OY\P
N[UXZK]P]
\O\
WV
U[
QZRY[WU]TY[
V[NGUZY\Q\
XZU[
J [W\P
V
N[LOZRV
[WO[K[<ZF]
[R
NO]C]F]
X\H
S\
]XLVPZYU\5
9]S[
WV
]VU[X\
[T[L N[XZM]
S[QZ
QZ
NX\MY]U[
9X\UV
VTZ
G
C Z
UZSWU]
NO]Y\X]O\
R]
WUT[XZ
KVL]XWSV WZ
\
V
RXVL\P
RZO[T\P]
3VXWSZ
V
FZY[P
RXE]TV5
9]S[
WV
[Y\
M]P\WO\O\
[XL]Y\J ZTX[NWS[P
RZOV
M]
S[QZ
[T\P
VL[T[X[P
M]I\QV
UZ
Y[TZ
RXE]TZ5 Y\QZ
NXZRT\<ZY]
N[WZKY]
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]
1\W[S]
N[XU]
CZ
VNVU\U\
N[WZKYZ
S[
P \
J
I=4*AQ E7PKJHPQ ?NJ@PQ KP?OJPKPQ IQ FLN@N W\
Q Z
V
S[Q\P]
CZ
V
MY]UY[Q
PZX\
K\U\
$NLEOKJHM>QHMK>LNJPQ9B808: M]WUVNBZY
R[P]C\
ZOZPZYU
S[QZ
CZ
X]MX]R\U\
RZU]BZ
Y[T\D
M]S[Y]
V
-[O\P
T]W
[NXZMY\
KVR\UZ WT]S[Q
N[QZR\Y[Q
NX[T\YI\Q\
2O]
Y [T\
A
?OK]Y\Q[P [XL]Y\M]I\QZ
S[Q\
NX[\WUZSYV
\M
[T\D
=ZP[QUZ
QZ
N[RZX]U\ ]SU\TY[WU\
N[RYZCZ
WZ
1\W[S[Q
N[XU\
Y]
X]MP]UX]FZ
S[Q]
CZ
WZ
NXZ
9][
R]
QZ
W\X[HZ
NX[LO]G]T]F]
]S]U]
Y]
[WY[TV
S[Q\D
CZ
4ZX
Y\WP[
P\
Y\
/XI\
Y\
.VL]X\
[Y\
WUVN\U\
Y]
WY]LV
S[YWVOU[T]U\
W]
2]
Y\
)XY[L[XI\
:TX[NWS[P
S[P\W\Q[P
VWU]Y[TBZY[P
M]
-\
WP[
W]P[
?OK]YI\
>WU[HYV
;VPZO\QV
>
EZO\P[
QZR\Y[
WO[K[RV
EPKQ XXV 2X[T\YI\QZ
.[WYV
\
Brahimi
WUX
&0
%ZXIZL[T\YV
CZ
M]N[WZWU\
\
F\P]
9][
Y\
RXVLZ
K]OS]YWSZ
Y]I\QZ
U]S[ VNX]TB]U\
?VWUX[J7L]XWS]
.VRVC\
R]
Y\
?OK]YI\
Y\WV
\P]O\
WT[L
NXZRWU]T
J TO]R]
?VWUX[J7L]XWSZ
YZ
EZO\
R]
Y\S]
Y]
.ZXO\YWS[P
S[YLXZWV
]O\
\
]OK]Y
W
J NXZVMPZ
VNX]TB]FZ
V
=[T[
N ]
M ]X
W S[P
SZ
T[<Z
WV
N[SVG]T]OZ
R]
RZ+\Y\GV
Y]I\[
J W]Y]SV
S[Q\
WZ
NX[WU\XZ
\MPZ<V
Y]O
YZ
I\BZTZ
\
NX\R[K\QV
Q]TY[
PFZFZ
M] AXK\QZ
\
)XYZ
/[XZ
V
NX]TIV
QVL[\WU[S]
UZ
I\BZTZ Y]
RXVL[Q
WUX]Y\
-\UX[T\IZ
[WP]YWS]
>7
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
]RP\Y\WUX]I\Q]
CZ
U]P[
\
R]BZ
[K]TJ TZXZ
[KZMKZR\CZ
WZ
WT\P
R[P]C\P
B]U\
WT[QZ
+VYSI\QZ
-Z
< V
U \P
R]
K\
WZ O\I\P]
V
AXK\Q\
S][
\
WUX]YI\P]
\
[KZMKZR\O\
[RX
E ]
T ]
F Z
Y[
T [L YZCZ
K\U\
Y\S]ST\D
NXZNXZS]
V
N[LOZRV
N[O\U\HS[L
WU]F]
S][
\
WO[K[R]
\
KZMJ D\QZX]XD\QWSZ
[XL]Y\M]I\QZ
N[QZR\Y\D
KZRY[WU
S[PVY\S]I\Q]
?VWUX[J7L]XWS] M]QZRY\I]
Y\U\
V
N[LOZRV
F\D[T\D
M]RXE]T]
NX]T[
R]
V
IZO[P
[T[P
RZOV [RY[W]
W
F\D[T\P
RVD[TY\P
N[LO]T]X\J
YZS]R]GFZL
T\O]QZU]
.[WYZ
RXE\
WT[QZ P]
L]XY\M[YZ
\
R]
S[X\WU\
T[QYZ
\
UXL[J EPKQ XLIII 1\W[SZ
WUX]YZ
VL[T[XY\IZ
T]HSZ
NVUZTZ
7
U[P
I\BV
TO]RZ NX\MY]QV
YZM]T\WY[WU
;VPVY\QZ
N[R
?VWUX[J7L]XWSZ
\
3VXWSZ
M]RXE]T]QV
M] VWO[T\P]
\MO[EZY\P
V
WOZRZC\P
WZKZ
NX]T[
R]
WZ
R[L[T[XZ
[
RZU]B\P]
HO]Y[T\P]
EPKQ XXVI 1\W[S]
N[XU]
S][
\
WTZ
[YZ EPKQ XLIV =\
M]
QZRY[
O\IZ
V
;VPVY\Q\
1\
W [
S Z
WUX]YZ
VL[T[XY\IZ
S[QZ
U[
R[ X]MO\S]
V
TZXWS[Q
[NXZRZBZY[WU\
\O\
W]R]
Y\
W V
VH\Y\OZ
NX\MY]QV
YZM]T\WY[J S[Y+ZW\Q\
YZ
WPZ
K\U\
N[T[R
M]
WU
)XYZ
/[XZ
\WSBVHZY[WU
\O\
YZP[LVCY[WU
V
N[LOZJ
EPKQ XXVII 1\W[SZ
VL[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ RV
VE\T]F]
LX]
< ]Y
W
S \D
\O\
N[O\U\HS\D
W]LO]WYZ
WV
V
WOZRZC\P
[RXZRK]P]#
V NX]T]
X]R]
V
Q]TY\P
WOVE
K ]
P ]
[K]TJ
)XY[Q
/[X\
X]MO\SZ
V
TZX\
\
TZX[\WN[J B]F]
Q]TY\D
+VYSI\Q]
\
VS]M\T]F]
TZWU\
YZCZ
P[C\
R]
KVRV
WPZUF]
R] N[H]WU\
S][
Y\
V
N[LOZRV
[K]TB]F]
YZS[
MK[L
U[L]
KVRZ
\WSBVHZY
\O\
WNXZJ N[QZR\Y\D
NX[+ZW\Q]
\
RZO]UY[WU\
V
HZY
R]
VE\T]
WT[Q]
LX]<]YWS]
\O\
N[O\J K\O[
S[P
PZWUV
AO[K[R]
\
Q]TY[
NX]SJ
U\HS]
NX]T]
R]
YZ
KVRZ
NX\PBZY
V U\S[T]FZ
WT\D
[KO\S]
\WN[TZR]F]
Q]TYZ
WOVEKZ
Y]
N[O[E]QZ
\
R]
PV
WZ
YZ TZXZ
[KZMKZR\CZ
WZ
WT\P
R[P]C\P
VS]MVQV
N[H]WU\
\O\
R]
YZ
[K]TB]
X]MJ O\I\P]
V
;VPV
Y \
Q \
S][
\
WUX]YI\P]
\
YZ
M]Y]UZ
\O\
M]Y\P]F]
P]
V
S[P
PZWJ YZCZ
K\U\
Y\S]ST\D
NXZNXZS]
V
N[LOZRV
UV
U[
K\O[
.\CZ
[KZMKZ<ZY]
WO[K[R] D\QZX]XD\QWSZ
[XL]Y\M]I\QZ
X]M
O \
H \
U \D
TXGZF]
TZXWS\D
[KXZR]
WT\P
RXE]TB]J M]QZRY\I]
Y\U\
V
N[LOZRV
F\D[T\D
Y\P]
)XYZ
/[XZ
\
WUX]YI\P]
YZCZ
WZ [RY[
W ]
W
F\D[T\P
TZXWS\P
N[LO]T]X\J
P[C\
H\Y\U\
Y\S]STZ
WPZUFZ
K\O[
V P]
2[R]Y\I\
\
RXE]TB]Y\
WT\D
A\O]
D\QZX]XD\QWS[Q
[XL]Y\M]I\Q\
X]MY\D
IXSJ UXL[TI\
\
RXVL]
O\I]
K\CZ
V
;VPV
Y \
Q \
TZY\D
M]QZRY\I]
K\O[
V
F\D[T\P
[RY[J X]TY[NX]TY[
UXZU\X]Y\
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
W\P]
W]
WT[Q\P
RVD[TY\P
WU]XZG\Y]P] TZXV
Y]
UZPZBV
N[UNVYZ
QZRY]S[WU\
EPKQ XXXIV 1\W[SZ

WUX]YZ
VL[T[XY\IZ EPKQ XLV 9YZEZT\Y]
;VPVY\Q]
TX]C]
NX\
M Y]QV
YZM]T\WY[WU
9YZEZT\YZ
AXK\J FZ
L [
T [P
TZO\H]YWUTV
XVWS[P
)]XV
[Y]Q
QZ
V
M]T\WY[WU\
[R
VWO[T]
\MO[EZY\D
V RZ[
UZ
X \
U [X\QZ
.ZW]X]K\QZ
S[Q\
QZ
WOZ
R Z
C ZP
HO]YV
[RT[QZY
[R
;V
W \QZ
2]X\WS\P
VL[T[X[P
EPKQ XXXV =\
M]
QZRY[
O\IZ
V
AXK\Q\ \M
'&
L[R\YZ
S[Q\
QZ
Y]
M]N]RV
[LX]J
X]MO\S]
V
TZXWS[Q
[NXZRZBZY[WU\
\O\ Y\HZY
WXZRF\P
U[S[P
XZSZ
2XVU
]
Y]
S[Y+ZW\Q\
YZ
WPZ
K\U\
N[T[R
M] QVLV
WXZRF\P
U[S[P
XVS]TI]
9\O\Q]
\
\WSBVHZY[WU
\O\
YZP[LVCY[WU
V
N[LOZJ VGCZP
AU]X\
AU]PK[O
!R]Y]GF]
RV
VE\T]F]
LX]<]Y
W
S \D
\O\
N[O\U\HS\D RXE]T]
-[OR]T\Q]"
NX]T]
X]R]
V
Q]TY\P
WOVE
K ]
P ]
[K]TJ EPKQ LVIII 1\W[S]
N[XU]
VWUVN]
;VWS[Q
B]F]
Q]TY\D
+VYSI\Q]
\
VS]
M \
T ]
F ] I]
X Z
T \Y\
UZX\U[X\QZ
?XR]D]Y
9]XW
\
N[H]WU\
S][
Y\
V
N[LOZRV
[K]TB]F] .]UVP
!R]
Y ]GFZ
4ZXPZY\Q]
\
/XVM\Q]
W]
N[
Q Z
R \Y\D
NX[+ZW\Q]
\
RZO]UY[WU\
V P]O\P
RZ
O [P
WZTZX[\WU[HYZ
3VXWSZ" V
K\O[
S[P
PZWUV
AO[K[R]
\
Q]TY[
NX]SJ ?M\Q\
M]
Q ZRY[
W]
OVS[P
[TZ
N[WOZRFZ
U\S[T]FZ
WT\D
[KO\S]
\WN[TZR]F] N[PZYVUZ
UZX\U[X\QZ
>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
EPKQ LIX ZL[T[

TZO\H]YWUT[
)]X
;VW\QZ Y\D
]LZY]U]
A\O]
V
3VX
W
S [Q
>MX\
H \U[
\MQ]TBVQZ
WT[QV
Y]PZXV
R]
.]UVP
KVRZ
WO[J WZ
M]RXE]T]QV
NX]T]
S[Q]
\P]
X]Y
J
K[RY]
OVS]
VLO]TY[P
UXL[T]JHS] IVWS]
\
V
N[UNVY[WU\
WZ
N[RX]MVPZT]
EPKQ LXII .VRVC\
R]
QZ
1\W[S]
N[XU] R]
WZ
YZ
P[LV
TXG\U\
Y\S]STZ
\MPZYZ
\MX]M\O]
Y]PZXV
R]
[RXE]T]
Y]HZO[ S]R]
QZ
V
N\U]FV
status quo WTZU\D
TZXWSZ
WO[
K [RZ
S][
\
R]
PV
R]
Y]QG\XZ PZWU]
-[
Y ]
W \
Y]
ATZU[Q
L[X\
KZM
[KM\J
UVP]HZFZ
AUX]YZ
VL[T[XY\IZ
NX\P]QV
S X]
Y]
U[
\M
S[QZ
MZP
B Z
N[U\HV
MY]FV
[TV
WN[
Y
U ]YV
\MQ]TV
1ZXWS]
X]MJ M]RXE]CZ
WT[QZ
X]Y\QZ
N[WZRZ
\
N[TO]J
O\S]
YZ
WPZ
Y\
V
S[
Q ZP
RZOV
@WP]YWS[L WU\IZ
\
VE\T]QV
KZM
\S]ST[L
\MVMZUS]
I]XWUT]
K\U\
N[
T [R
M]
\WSBVHZY[WU N[UNVY[
QZRY]S]
NX]T]
\
NXZX[L]U\TZ
\O\
YZP[LVCY[WU
K\O[
S[QZL
O\
I ]
V www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1878berlin.html
N[LOZRV
VE\T]F]
LX]<]YWS\D
\O\
N[
O \
J NXZT[R
NXZVMZU
W]
U\HS\D
NX]T]
X]R]
V
Q]TY\P
WOVE
K ]P] http://www.mfa.gov.yu/History/1878_s.html
[K]TB]F]
Q]TY\D
+VYSI\Q]
\
VS]M\J
T]F]
N[
H ]WU\
\O\
[K]TB]F]
N[QZR\Y\D =]IXU]Q
UX\
S]XUZ#
QZRYV
W]
NX[+ZW\Q]
\
RZ
O ]U
Y [WU\
V
K\O[
S[P W\UV]I\Q[P
NXZ

L[R\YZ
RXVLV
PZWUV
AO[
K [
R ]
\
Q]TY[
NX]SU\S[T]FZ S[Q]
CZ
NX\S]M]U\
UZX\U[X\Q]OYZ
NXZJ
WT\D
[KO\
S ]
TZXZ
[KZM
K ZR\CZ
WZ
WT\P] UZYM\QZ
WT]SZ
[R
ZUY\HS\D
LXVN]
\
\
YZCZ
K\U\
Y\S]ST\D
NXZNXZS]
V
N[LOZJ UXZCV
Y]
S[Q[Q
WZ
T\R\
\WD[R
WN[X]MVJ
RV
D\QZX]XD\QWSZ
[XL]Y\M]I\QZ
N[QZR\J P]
V
.ZXO\YV
U]
NX\PZCVQZG5
Y\D
M]QZRY\I]
Y\U\
V
N[LOZRV
F\
D [
T \D
>LPQP@OJEOQCPQJOQKPQ@NJGIQCLI>M>P
[RY[W]
W
F\D[T\P
RVD[TY\P
N[LO]T]X\J
=]N\G\
W]WU]T
[R
(
XZH\
V
S[QZP
CZG
P]
8VD[TY]
O\I]
D[R[H]WY\I\
S][
\
P[Y]J
\MYZU\
TO]WU\UZ
NXZRO[LZ
M]
XZGZFZ
W\
WT\D
Y]I\[Y]OY[WU\
S[Q\
NVUVQV
V W\UV]I\QZ
Y]
.]OS]YV
>M]KZX\
QZRYV
[R
ZTX[NWS\
RZ[
3VXWSZ
\O\
V
FZY
]M\QWS\ WOZRZC\D
VO[L]

KVR\
;VW
=ZP]I
X]Y
J
RZ[
VE\
T ]
C Z
\WU]
NX]T]
N[TO]WU\IZ IVM
.X\U]Y]I
?VWUX[
P]<]X
\O\
N]S
S][
\
NX\T\OZL\QZ
R\NO[P]U]
NXZRWU]T
Y\S
@WP]Y
W
S[L
/[XZ
N[PZYVU\P
O\I\P]
\
F\D[T\P I]XWUT]
?OK]Y]I
.V
L]
X\Y
;VPVY
TZXW
S \P
R[KX[UT[XY\P
\
RXVL\P
VWU]J AXK\Y
%XT]U
)XY[L[X]I
AO[
TZY]I
Y[T]P]
V
WTZU\P
PZWU\P]
\
RXVLRZ /XS
]O\
WT]S]S[
\M]KZX\
\RZYU\UZU
NX\MY]QZ
WZ
NX]T[
Y]
WOVE
K ZYV
M]GU\UV S[Q\
Y\QZ
UT[Q
@KX]MO[E\
WT[Q
\MK[X
[R
WUX]YZ
R\NO[P]UW
S \D
\O\
S[YMVO]XJ
>6
P?PQ4 .]OS]YWSZ
RXE]TZ
N[WOZ
.ZXO\YWS[L
S[YLXZW]
QVO

>1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
1EAQ4AQ&L2HPQO<@NIQILJHNQOQFLM?NA
PLOHPGILPQ O<Q EOJGPQ Aristophanes
9B884:
Louvi
WUX
0
3VXWS]#
"2VWU\
PZ
N[QZGCV
Y[T[
X[
J ]GU[
QZ
/XHS]
NXZRWU]TBZY]
S][
<ZYHZ ! Y[T[X[<ZYHZ5
@N\G\
VSX]US[
S]S[
:TX[N]#
"=]M]R
L[WN[<[
3VXWS]
M]DT]BVQV
J WV
NXZRWU]TBZYZ
[TZ
UX\
+\LVXZ
2[
C\
PZY\
U\
V[NGUZ
N[WU[Q\G ! UT[P
P\GBZFV
GU]
QZ
]VU[X
S]X\S]UVXZ
DUZ[
R]
N[XVH\
H\U][I\P]5
><
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
I=48AQP3GMQ E7PK;OQ,NENQ<PJN7KI BV
V
RT]
N[
N[RYZ
S[R
A]
D[
T]
7
R[L[T[
XZ
J
PE7PKJHIQCL,PFIQ9B88*: Y[
TXZPZ
WU\L][
W]P
V
GU]PN]X\QV
\
U]
P[
\D
M]UZS][
S]S[
X]ML[T]X]QV
V
QZRY[P
C[GSV
-\
EZO\P[
[Y[
GU[
EZO\
WT]S]
Y]I\Q]# 2O]Y
M]
WUT]X]FZ
[XL]Y\M]I\QZ#
"M]WZKYV
RXE]TV
V
S[Q[Q
CZ
WZ
WT\
BVR\
@XL]Y\M]I\Q]
UXZK]
R]
KVRZ
[WY[T]Y]
V
\WUZ
SXT\
[SVN\U\
S][
GU[
WZ
N[X[R\I] -]SZR[Y\Q\
]
YZ
V
A[+\Q\
QZX
]S[
KVRZ
[SVNB]
V
QZRY[Q
SVC\! [WY[T]Y]
V
A[+\Q\
[YR]
K\
/XI\
\
AXK\
Kondo
WUX
0& P[LO\
R]
S]EV
R]
QV
QZ
WUT[X\O]
KVL]XWS]
TO]R]
]
M]U\P
\
R]
W]P\
WUT[XZ
WO\HYZ
@RO[P]S
\M
UZSWU]
S[Q\
QZ
[KQ]T\[ [XL]
Y\M]I\QZ
\
Y]
SX]QV
Y\GU]
[R
WTZL]
YZ
4ZX[
Y\P
*\X[O]P[,
RZ
;]R]
K\
K\O[
@W\P
U[L]
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]
UXZK]
R]
*(6,
V
RT[QZM\HY[P
H]W[N\WV
Fiamuri i
Arbrit – La Bandiera dell'Albania *?OK]YWS]
KVRZ
U]QY]
M]WU]T],
4ZX[Y\P
QZ
K\[
NZWY\S
\
\MR]T]H 0
@WY\T]H\
P[X]QV
K\U\
\M
-]SZR[Y\QZ
RXV
L[L
RT[QZM\HY[L
H]W[N\W]
L'Albanese S]S[
K\
YZNXZWU]Y[
K\O\
V
R[R\XV
W
P]SZJ
d'Italia
\TZ[
QZ
V
>U]O\Q\ R[YWS\P
WU]Y[TY\GUT[P
\MO]L]O\
WZ
\WU\P
[N]WY[WU\P]
S[Q\P]
CZ
K\U\
\MO[
EZ
J
Y\
F\D[T\
WOZRKZY\I\
\
U]S[
O]SGZ
M]R[J
]GU[
N\W]I
VN[XZ<VQZ
N[X[R\IV
\ K\O\
N[TZXZFZ
BVR\
Y]I\QV5
2[SVG]Q
R]
M]SBVH\G
S]S[
-[U[
UXZK]
R]
KVRZ#
"?VU[Y[P\Q]
M]
-]
J
U]ST]
T\M\Q]
Y]
RVL\
X[S
VU\HZ
Y]
[RY[W SZ
R[Y\QV!
8]
K\
K\O[
YZSZ
Y]RZ
V
VWNZD
Y]
J
NXZP]
RXVL\P
Y]X[R\P]
S[Q\
E\TZ
Y] G\
WZ
M]DUZT\
P[X]QV
N[M\T]U\
Y]
HO]Y
0
\WU[Q
UZX\U[X\Q\ .ZXO\YWS[L
VL[T[X]
8]
K\
K\O]
W]P[
WU]O
J
Y]
-]SZR[Y\Q]
WZ
P[X]
\GHVN]U\
\M
XVSV
YZ
W]P[
3VX]S]
TZC
\
AXK]
\
/XS]
9]
R]
I=46AQ1NP5PQFPKPQPO=OHMEMFPB. KP KVRV
[RXZ<ZYZ
LX]Y\IZ
]VU[Y[PYZ
-]
J
LP<>MFMLNQO<QB864AQ>MCOKN(QHMDOQJI SZR[Y\QZ
U]R]
AXK\
\
/XI\
T\GZ
YZCZ
K\U\
CMFNEOQCMQJGFPLP5PQ!"Q9B86/: V
NX\O\I\
R]
UX]EZ
YZSZ
FZYZ
RZO[TZ
]O\
]S[
KVRZP[
DUZO\
R]
WZ
WN[Q\P[
W]
.VL]X
J
4VO]
60
L[R\YZ
R[G][
W]P
V
A[+\QV
R]
WS[P
[YR]
CZ
\
AXK\
\
/XI\
EZOZU\
YZS\
N[
UX]E\P
9[WUV
A]D[T]
S[Q\
QZ
\MR]T][
P]
J RZ[
=]G
M]R]U]S
UXZK]
R]
KVRZ
[HVT]FZ
SZ
R[YWSZ
Y[T\YZ
UX]E\[
W]P
VLOZRY[L -]
SZR[Y\QZ
S][
IZO\YZ
]
U[
CZ
WZ
[WUT]X\
J
-]SZR[YI]
S[Q\
CZ
V
A[OVYV
WU]U\
Y]
HZO[ U\
QZR\Y[
]S[
-]SZR[Y\Q]
KVRZ
W]P[WU]OY]
XZT[OVI\[Y]XYZ
[XL]Y\M]I\QZ
H\Q\
QZ
I\B (
@XL]Y\M]I\Q]
UXZK]
R]
KVRZ
YZM]T\WY]
\
[WO[K[<ZFZ
-]SZR[Y\QZ W]P[WT[QY]
YZ
WPZ
R]
\P]
K\O[
S]STZ
TZMZ
2[GU[
PZ
QZ
W]WOVG][
A]D[T
QZ
XZS][# \O\
R]
\MTXG]T]
K\O[
S]STZ
M]R]USZ
S[QZ
"ADT]
U]P
GU]
D[CZUZ
]O\
[TRZ
YZCZUZ
NX[
J K\
Q[Q
R]OZ
TO]RZ
WVWZRY\D
MZP]B]
QZX
K\
Y]
C\
NX]TZ
BVRZ
@TRZ
W]P[
NX\
H]
QV
]
S]
J U]S[
N[UN]O]
N[R
F\D[T
VU\I]Q
@Y]
U]S[<Z
R]
UXZK]
YZGU[
VX]R\U\
[YR]
YZP]
Y\
S[L YZ
WPZ
K\U\
[XV<Z
K\O[
S[QZ
TO]RZ
S[Q]
K\
A]P[
W]
QZRY\P
H[TZS[P
P[EZUZ
[MK\B
Y[ EZOZO]
R]
\M]M[TZ
XZ]SI\QV
YZSZ
RXVLZ
X]ML[T]X]U\
[
P]SZR[YWS[P
N\
U]
FV
3[
QZ WVWZRYZ
TO]RZ
VHZY\S
T[QYZ
GS[OZ
/[IZ
8ZOHZT ! '
@R
-]SZR[Y]I]
V
.VL]XWS[Q
\
KVL]XWS[L
8[L[T[X\O\
WP[
WZ
R]
9[WU]
A]
D[T
N[XVH\ Y]X[R]
P\
UX]E\P[
W]P[
P]UZX\Q]OYV
\
P[
J
/[IZ
8ZOHZTV
R]
EZO\P
R]
WZ
WXZUYZP
W X]OYV
N[RXGSV
KZM
VNO\U]F]
V
Y]GZ
F\P
\
R]
K\WP[
P[LO\
R]
WZ
T\R\P[
V
YZRZJ N[RVDT]UZ

>T]Y
%]\J=\S[O[T
*&J6(,
QZR]Y
[R
[WY\T]H]
1-;@

/[IZ
8ZOHZT
*0J6,
\WU]SYVU]
O\HY[WU
P]SZR[YWSZ
[WO[K[R\O]HSZ
K[XKZ
7E
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
2[WOZ
HZU\X\
W]U]
X]ML[T[X]
9[WU]
A]D[T @Y\
WV
NX\KZLO\
U[P
ZSWUXZPY[P
XZGZFV
\
/[IZ
8ZOHZT
WV
NX\DT]U\O\
NO]Y
/[IZ
QZ UZS
S]R]
WV
WZ
S][
YZVWNZGY]
N[S]M]O]
WT]
XZS][#
"AOVG]QUZ
L[WN[R\YZ
%]\J=\
S[
J RXVL]
WXZRWUT]
V
N[SVG]QV
R]
WZ
:TX[N]
O[T
U[O\S[
QZ
TXZPZY]
NX[GO[
YZS]
NX[<Z N[R
WU]SYZ
Y]
\YUZXTZYI\QV
V
RVDV
PZ<VY]
J
Q[G
QZRY]
L[R\Y]
]
L[R\YV
R]Y]
CV
M]TX
J X[RY\D
WN[X]MVP]
S[Q\
K\
UXZK]O[
R]
[RXZ
J
G\
U\
T[QYV
GS[OV
\
N[WU]U\
[+\I\X
=]
J <VQV
VWO[TZ
E\T[U]
>YUZXTZYI\Q]
WN[B]
QZ
NVWU\CV
WTZ
U[
\
[U\C\
V
A[OVY
\
U]P[
CZP[ \
R]BZ
QZR\Y\
Y]H\Y
R]
WZ
VSO[Y\
MO[
\
[WY[T]U\
XZT[OVI\[Y]XYV
[XL]Y\M]I\QV!
M]VWU]T\
SXT[NX[O\CZ
Makedonium
WUX
06J 8[W]R]GF\
Q]O[T\
N[SVG]Q\
R]
WZ
N]O\Q]J
U\TY\P
PZX]P]
N[K[BG]
UVXWS]
TO]WU
2[WOZ
.ZXO\YWS[L
S[YLXZW]
-]SZ
R[
J W]P[
WV
N[TZC]O\
PVD]PZR]YWS\
+]Y]U\J
Y\Q]
QZ
[WU]O]
Y]QT]EY\Q]
UVXWS]
UZX\J
M]P
\
RXE]TY\
NX\U\W]S

WUX]Y[
PZG]FZ
U[X\Q]
V
:TX[N\
K[L
ZUY\HS\
PZG[T\U[L
WU]Y[TY\GUT]
V
F[Q
WV
VKXM[
N[HZO\
R]
WZ
CZ
R]U\
XZMVOU]UZ
W]P[
VS[O\S[
WZ
M]DJ
Y]RPZCV
KVL]XWS\
LXHS\
\
WXNWS\
Y]I\[Y]
J T]BVQVC\
FZPV
VX]R\
WOZRZCZ#
O\
M]P
1-;@
QZ
[WY[T]Y
6
L[R\YZ
3]
7
R[L[T[XV
W
TZO\S\P
W\O]P]
UXZK]
M]
[XL]
Y\M]I\Q]
QZ
WU]Q]O]
\M]
YZVWNZGY[L LO]TY[L
VNX]T\UZB]
N[WU]T\U\
DX\G
C]
Y\
J
>O\Y
RZYWS[L
VWU]YS]
6
L[R\YZ
3[S[P Y]
S[Q\
Y\S]R]
Y\QZ
VM\P][
VHZGC]
V
UVX
J
K]OS]YWS\D
X]U[T]
-]SZR[Y\Q]
QZ
[SVN\X]Y]
WS[Q
VNX]T\
\
S[Q\
K\
K\[
YZM]T\W]Y
[R
1\
J
\
Y]
SX]QV
WV
QZ
PZ<V
W[K[P
N[RZO\OZ
.V
L]X
J W[
SZ
N[XUZ
V
[K]TB]FV
WT[Q\D
RVEY[WU\
W
S]
/XHS]
\
AXK\Q]
2[WOZ
2XT[L
WTZUWS[L 0
3XZK]
[P[LVC\U\
UX]QYV
M]QZRY\HSV
PZ
<V
J
X]U]
1-;@
WZ
[R
N[SXZU]
M]
Y]I\[Y]OY[ Y]
X[RYV
S[YUX[OV
VM
G\X[S]
[TO]GCZF]
[WO[
K[<ZFZ
N[O]S[
NXZUT[X\[
V
+]
G\W
U\H
J
M]
W]YSI\[Y\W]FZ
SV
\
UZX[X\WU\HSV
[XL]Y\M]I\QV
S[Q]
WZ
RZ
J
O[P
+\Y]YW\X]O]
\
UXL[T\Y[P
RX[LZ
T[R\
@KQ]WY\TG\
VMX[SZ
[T[L
[H]QY\HS[L
H\Y]
LZX\OWS\
X]U
NXZ
WTZL]
NX[U\T
AXK\QZ
*4VL[
J Y]
X[RY[L
[UN[X]
S][
\
PZXZ
S[QZ
K\
P[LOZ
WO]
T\QZ,
\
YZ+[XP]OY[
S[YUX[O\GZ
RZ[
KV
J R]
WU]YV
Y]
NVU
FZL[T\D
N[WOZR\I]
1-;@
L]XWSZ
-]SZR[Y\QZ
3]
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]
QZ
MY]
J W]
WZKZ
WS\R]
WT]SV
[RL[T[XY[WU
\
[KQ]T
J
H]QY[
VU\I]O]
Y]
N[O\U\HS\
E\T[U
V
.V
L]X
J BV
QZ
R]
CZ
T[R\U\
K[XKV
WTZ
R[S
V
N[UNV
Y[
J

WS[Q
WTZ
R[
6(
L[R\YZ
S]R]
WV
QZ
KVL]XWSZ WU\
YZ
[WUT]X\
WT[QZ
I\BZTZ
]
ZYZXL\QV
M]
TO]WU\
Y]W\OY[
X]WUVX\OZ U[
Y]O]M\
V
VT\<]FV
WT[Q\D
RVEY[WU\
\
X]
J
MV
PZT]FV
Y]
S[QZ
Y]\O]M\
V
H\U]T[P
WTZUV
+?<FKGJ
WUX
((
2X[IZY\
Y]
[WY[TV
[T[L
UZSWU]
S[Q\
WV
NX]SU\HY\
NX[KOZP\
WU]Q]O\
Y] U]
QZ
I\B
[T[L
UZSWU]5
U]
WV
FZ
J
L[T\
]VU[X\
DUZO\
R]
N[WU\LYV5
8]
O\
NVUV
WUT]X]FV
QZRYZ
N[O\U\HSZ
[XL]Y\J
M]I\QZ
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
SX]QZP
XIX QZ
[XVE]Y\
WVS[K
V
FZPV
NXZRWU]T
BZY
TZS]
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
QZ
K\O[
T]EY[ S][
EZBZY\
I\B
\O\
S][
Y]PZUYVU[
V[H\U\
X]MO\SV
\MPZ<V
W]P[WU]OY[WU\
\ WXZRWUT[
M]
[WUT]XZFZ
RXVL\D
I\BZT]5
YZM]T\WY[WU\5
I=/BAQ-MEOGO2HMQLN3N5NQ@PHNCMKJHM>
I=/.AQNHEPLP;ODPQHMDM@Q!" ?OGP5PQ@MLPQJNQGLP,OGOQIQMHFOLI
M7PFN3GPFPQFNEOHNQJOENQMQMCEI;OQCP "J@PKJHM>Q;PLJGFPAQ1GPFQLJGN
<P?M2KNQMLI,PKOQIJGPKPHQ9B6./: OJOLHMFPQ9B6./:
=ZS]EFZY[
Y]W\BZ
PVD]PZR]Y]I]
\
W\WJ !LLL" 7S[O\S[
TZXWS[P
NX[N]L]YR[P
UXZK]
UZP]UWS\
NX\U\W]S
TO]WU\
NX\W\O\[
QZ [YZP[LVC\U\
VQZR\F]T]FZ
P]SZR[YWS\D
DX\G
C]YZ
\M
-]SZR[Y\QZ
\
N[RXVHQ]
4ZR
XZ
J \YUZOZSUV]O]I]
\
P]SZR[YWS[L
Y]X[R]
Y]
R]
SXZYV
V
WTZ[NGUV
[XVE]YV
K[XKV [YR]
NXZ
WTZL]
UXZK]
WUT[X\U\
QZR\YWUTZYV
7K
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
IXSTV
V
-]SZR[Y\Q\
U[
QZWU
@DX\RWSV P[X]OYZ
WY]LZ
V
I\BV
[HVT]F]
\YUZLX\UZU]
]XD\ZN\WS[N\QV
S[Q]
CZ
K\U\
"]XD\ZN\W
S[
J 3VXWSZ
]
VMTX]U
K\WP[
P[LO\
[HZS\T]U\
\
N\Q]
M]
H\U]TV
-]SZR[Y\QV! \P]O\
K\WP[
WZ
NX]T[
U[PZ
Y]R]U\
R]
CZ
1ZXWS]
NX[N]L]YR]
P[ER]
\P]
YZGU[
NX[J Y]P
Y]G
TZO\S[RVGY\
L[WN[R]X
R]U\
N[UJ
U\T
VQZR\F]T]F]
P]SZR[YWSZ
\YUZO\LZYJ NVYV
]VU[Y[P\QV
V
IXSTZY\P
\
[KX]M[TY\P
I\QZ
\
P]SZR[YWS[L
Y]X[R]
W]P[
\M
Y]I\[
J N\U]F\P]
NVYV
QZRY]S[WU
NXZR
M]S[Y[P
\
Y]O
Y\D
X]MO[L]
?S[
QZ
U]S[
[YR]
QZ
NX\
J W]P[WU]OYV
TO]WU
V
-]SZR[Y\Q\
!LLL"
X[RY[
R]
VM
M]DUZT
M]
IXSTZYV
XZ+[XPV @T]S]T
P\X[BVK\T\
NO]Y
P]SZR[YWS[L
Y]
J
\RZ
\
M]DUZT
M]
[KX]M[TYV
XZ+[XPV
U[
QZWU X[
R]
Y]\C\
CZ
Y]
N[RXGSV
\
NX\MY]FZ
TZ
J
R]
]XD\ZN\WS[N\Q]
NXZVMPZ
S[YUX[OV
Y]R O\
S\D
W\O]
S[QZ
EZOZ
R]
[HVT]QV
\YUZ
LX\
J
GS[O[T]FZP
\
NX\O]L[R\
L]
Y]I\[Y]OY[
J UZU
3VXWSZ
WU\
WT[Q\D
N]X[D\Q]Y]#
V
LXHS\P
ZN]XD\Q]P] +?<FKGJ
WUX
''J''0
CZ
WZ
NXZR]T]U\
Y]
LXHS[P
V
TO]GS\P
Y]
TO]GS[P
]
V
WO[TZYWS\P
Y]
P]SZR[YWS[P
9XWUZ
-\W\XS[T
QZ
M]QZRY[
W]
8\P\
J
3]S[
CZ
K\U\
VSO[FZY]
WT]S]
Y]I\[Y]OY] UX\QZP
$VN[TWS\P
HO]Y
LXVNZ
]SU\T
J
\
TZXWS]
NX[N]L]YR]
S[Q]
QZ
BVRZ
R[
W]R] Y\D
P]SZR[YWS\D
WUVRZY]U]
V
A]YSU
2ZUZX
J
N[RT]Q]O]
Y]
M]T]<ZYZ
LXVNZ
\
K\CZ
P\X] KVXLV
NXT\D
RZIZY\Q]
XX TZS]
ZL[T]
SF\L]
PZ<V
Y]X[R[P
\
M]
-]SZR[Y\QV
\
M]
3VXWSV + @KCH?IGECI@L :JDK4A
[KQ]TBZY]
6
\
M]
:TX[NV
!LLL" L[R\YZ
V
A[+\Q\
R]O]
QZ
TZO\S\
R[NX\Y[W
3]S]T
\WD[R
QZ
Y]QK[B\
\
M]
3VXWSV
!LLL" X]MT\Q]FV
P]SZR[YWS[L
\RZYU\UZU]
S[R
7S[
O\S[
WZ
W
RXVLZ
WUX]YZ
S]EZ
R]
V
-]
J PY[L\D
E\UZB]
U[L
N[RXVHQ]
SZ
R[Y\Q\
YZP]
T\GZ
WO[TZYWS\D
LXVN]I\Q]
YZL[
QZ
W]P[
QZRY]
S[Q]
Y\QZ
Y\
KVL]XWS]
Y\U\
WXNWS]
\
VS[O\S[
WZ
-]SZR[Y\Q]
\M
J ]GU[
QZ
9XWUZ
-\W\XS[T
WP]UX][
RT[Q\
V
]VU[Y[PYV
]XD\ZN\WS[N\QV
[YR]
CZ R]
QZ
[HVT]FZ
@WP]YWS[L
I]XWUT]
WZ
3VXWS]
QZRY\P
N[UZM[P
XZG\U\
VNO\
U]
J Y]Q
K[BZ
XZGZFZ
M]
-]SZR[YIZ5
9]ST]
F]
UX\QV
WVWZRY\D
RXE]T]
V
P]SZR[YWS] QZ
VO[L]
IXSTZ
V
U[P
NX[QZSUV5
8]
O\
K\W
J
N\U]F] P[
P[LO\
M]SBVH\U\
R]
QZ
N\W]I
N[
SV
J
=]G\
Y]I\[Y]OY\
\YUZXZW\
Y]O]EV
P]SZJ G][
R]
NXZRWU]T\
@WP]YWS[
I]XWUT[
R[YWS[Q
\YUZO\LZYI\Q\
\
P]SZR[YWS[P
Y]
X[
J S][
]OUZXY]U\TV
Y]I\[Y]OY[Q
RXE]T\5
RV
R]
N[P[LYZ
3VXWS[Q
R]
\M]<Z
\M
UZG
S[L 7N[XZR\
UZSWU[TZ
IJ0'
\
IJ0&
VM\P]QVC\
V
N[O[E]Q]
V
S[Q\
WV
QZ
WU]T\OZ
Y]I\[Y]OY]
\ [KM\X
H\FZY\IV
R]
QZ
VWU]Y]S
-]SZ
R[
J
TZXWS]
NX[N]L]YR]
S[QZ
S[O]QV
-]SZ
R[
Y\
J Y]
I]
VLVGZY
6
L[R\YZ
Q[P
S][
\
RXE]TZ
S[QZ
V
-]SZR[Y\Q\
\P]QV
WT[QZ
\YUZXZWZ
=Z
P[X]P[
WZ
VRXV
E\
U\
W]
.VL]XWS[P
AXK\Q[P
\O\
/XHS[P
>YUZ
LX\
J I=/4AQ-EPKQ ILNEPQAQ-M?MFO;ODPQ<PQ?LNG=
UZU
UVXWSZ
UZX\U[X\QZ
QZ
T]EY\Q\
Y]P]
YZL[ FPLP5NQ IJGLMI>PLJHM>Q;PLJGFPQIQNCNQ=
;VW\Q\
\O\
M]N]RY[Q
:TX[N\
3VXWS]
\P] LPGOFKIQCL,PFIQ?MCQO@NKM@Q1DNCO5NKN
Y]QK[B\
LZ[LX]+WS\
N[O[E]Q
2X\N]RY[WU L,PFNQNEOHNQ IJGLODNQ9B6.*:
UVXWS[Q
RXE]T\
\
[HVT]FZ
\YUZ
LX\UZU]
UZ
RXE]TZ
Y]P]
P]SZR[YWS[P
Y]X[RV
[P[
LV
J "JKMFKOQ?LOK;O?OQJPFN<KM>QIJGPFP
C]
T]
R]
VE\T]P[
NVY]
LX]
<]YWS]
NX]T]
V $\U]T]
W]R]GF]
UZX\U[X\Q]
?VWUX[
VL]X
W
J
H\
U]T[Q
3VXWS[Q
3[
NX]T[
Y]P
[P[LVC]T]
\ S[L
I]XWUT]
\MVMZT
.[WYZ
\
%ZXIZL[T\YZ
MY]
H]QYZ
P]UZX\Q]OYZ
R[
K\USZ
K[L
U[L] N[RZO\CZ
WZ
NXZP]
Y]I\Q]P]
S[QZ
V
F[Q
E\
J
P]
SZR[YWS]
\YUZO\LZYI\Q]
VS[O\S[
WZ TZ
Y]
WOZRZCZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
\
N[O\U\HSZ
QZ
J
VWXZR
WXZR\
Y]QNXZ
\
Y]QT\GZ
Y]
TO]WU\UZ R\
Y\IZ#
=ZP]HS]
?VWUX\Q]
=ZP]HS]
$ZG
J
\YUZXZWZ
UXZK]
R]
VN[UXZK\
WTZ
WT[QZ S]
=ZP]HS]
-[X]TWS]
*OZM\Q],
$ZGS]
7B
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
-]<]XWS]
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q]
%XT]UWS]
]
J VWU]T[P
)]XZT\YZ
\
N[WZKY\P
Y]I\[Y]OJ
N]R
Y]
/]O\I\Q]
AO[T]HS]
7SX]Q\Y]
1[Q
J Y\P
VWU]T[P
!LLL"
T[R\Y]
:XRZB
3\X[O
\
3XWU AT]S]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
RXE]T]
[ROVHVQZ
S[Q\
CZ
@T\D
'
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
H\YZ
W]TZMYV QZM\S
K\U\
NX\DT]CZY
S][
MT]Y\HY\
P[Y]XD\QV
S[Q]
WZ
M[TZ
"AQZR\FZYZ
8XE]TZ 4ZM\S
M]
VYVUX]GFV
S[PVY\S]I\QV
VYVU]X
1ZO\SZ
?VWUX\QZ!
N[R
SXVY[P
ZL[T[L )]XWUT]
QZ
YZP]HS\
1\W[H]YWUT]
)]X]
X]FZ
4[W\+]
I 7
I]XWS[P
N]XO]PZYUV
WT]S\
N[WO]Y\S
P[
J
AT\
LX]<]Y\
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
WV
\WU[
J EZ
R]
WZ
[KX]C]
WSVNGU\Y\
Y]
P]UZXFZP
TXZ
PZY[
\
]VWUX\QWS\
LX]<]Y\
AT]S[
P[EZ QZM\SV
!LLL"
R]
S[X\WU\
WT[Q]
N[O\U\HS]
NX]T]
W]P[
V AT\
M]S[Y\
RZSXZU\
\
[KQ]TZ
I]XWS\D
TO]
J
QZRY[Q
RXE]T\ WU\
UXZK]
R]
KVRV
W]WU]TBZYZ
\
[KQ]TBZYZ
!LLL" W]P[
Y]
MT]Y\HY[P
QZM\SV
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
)]XWS]
U[
QZWU
W]TZMY]
TO]R]
W]H\FZY]
QZ RXE]
TZ
Y]
S[QV
WZ
[RY[WZ
[R
NXZRWU]TY\S]
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
AT\
R[N\W\
I]XWS\D
TO]WU\
VSBVHVQVC\
\
9]YIZO]X
S[L
N[WU]TB]
I]X
Y]
HZOV
QZ T[QYZ
UXZK]
R]
KVRV
W]P[
Y]
[RL[T]X]QVCZP
I]XWSZ
U[
QZWU
W]TZMYZ
TO]RZ Y]I\[Y]OY[P
QZM\SV
)]XWS\
N]XO]PZYU
H\YZ# ATZ
S[T]Y\IZ
\
N]N\XY\
Y[T]I
S][
\
WT\
],
2[WO]Y\HS\
R[P QZM\I\
RXE]T]
HO]Y\I]
U]S[<Z
UXZK]
R]
K,
AZY]U KVRV
V
VN[UXZK\
!LLL" !LLL"
1O]RZ
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
G]BV
WT[QZ .ZH
QZ
LO]TY\
\
NXZWU[Y\
LX]R
)]XWUT]
NXZRWU]TY\SZ
V
W]TZMYV
TO]RV
V
WOZRZC[Q Popovici
WUX
0J06
WX]MPZX\#
=ZP]HS]
?VWUX\Q]

-]<]XWS]

$ZGS]
'
?VXZO
)
2[N[T\I\
*&6,
XV
J
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q]
(
%XT]UWS]

]N]RY]
PVY
WS\
NVKO\I\WU]
N[XZSO[P
\M
3X]Y
J
/]O\I\Q]

=ZP]HS]
$ZGS]
0
AO[T]HS]
0 W\OT]Y\QZ
AUVR\X][
PZR\I\YV
\
N[O\U\HSZ
=ZP]HS]
-[X]TWS]
*OZWS],
0
7SX]Q\Y]
Y]VSZ
V
.ZHV
\
/X]IV
K\[
HO]Y
;VPVYWS[L
Y]
J
1[QT[R\Y]

3\X[O

3XWU

:XRZB

GU[ I\[Y]OY[L
S[P\UZU]
V
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q\
\
K[X\[
QZ
V
VSVNY[
(0
!LLL" WZ
M]
NX]T]
;VPVY]
V
[ST\XV
?VWUX[
VL]X
WS[L
AT]S]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
RXE]T]
\P]
N]XO]PZYU I]XWUT]
2O]Y
M]
NX[G\XZFZ
]VWUX[VL]XWSZ
WT[QV
TO]RV
\
NX]T[WV<Z RT[QYZ
P[Y]XD\QZ
\
WUT]X]FZ
NX]T[L
+ZRZ
J
)]X
N[WU]TB]
Y]PZWY\S]
S[Q\
T[R\
TO]RV X]U\TY[L
VXZ<ZF]
Y]WU][
QZ
V
[ST\XV
N[
SV
J
WT]SZ
[R
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
=]PZWY\S G]Q]
LXVNZ
\YZUZOZSUV]O]I]
S[QV
QZ
[SVN\[
P[X]
K\U\
LX]<]Y\Y
R]UZ
RXE]TZ
NXZWU[
O[Y]WOZRY\S
Y]RT[QT[R]
X]YI
ZX
J
R\
Y]YR
R]
YZS]S[
[Q]H]QV
P[
Y]X
D\QV
VLX[
EZ
J
$O]Y[TZ
TO]RZ
U]S[<Z
N[WU]TB]
I]X
]O\
YV
KVQ]FZP
X]MY\D
Y]I\[Y]
O\
M]P]
VM\P]QVC\
V
[KM\X
NXZRO[LZ
Y]PZWY\S]
AT]S]
RXE]T]
\P]
WT[Q
VWU]T
8]
K\
VWU]T
WUVN\[
Y]
WY]LV
P[X]
L]
[R[KX\U\
I]X
@R
U[L
UXZYVUS]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
RXE]T]
P[EZ 9]S[
QZ
?VXZO
)
2[N[T\I\
M]P\WO\[
[RY[W
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\
W]TZMY[L
Y\
T[]5
W]P[WU]OY[
R]
S[X\WU\
WT]
WT[Q]
NX]T]
2[SVG]Q
R]
X]MVPZG
M]GU[
QZ
[Y
X]R\QZ
)]XWUT[
L]X]YUVQZ
\YUZLX\UZU
UZX\U[X\QZ
NX\DT]U][
+ZRZX]OY[
VXZ<ZFZ
YZL[
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
S][
\
FZYV
]VU[Y[P\J
WUT]X]FZ
M]WZKY\D
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
QV
VS[O\S[
U]
]VU[Y[P\Q]
Y\QZ
[LX]Y\HZY]
7;
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
I=//AQ$LOGPKJHOQP@7PJPCMLQIQ"J@PKJHM@ F]
VT\RZO\
WV
R]
WZ
U\
WVWZRY\
Y]X[R\
Y]
J
;PLJGFIQ?O3NQMQ?MHI3PDO@PQ E7PKP;PQCP O]
MZ
N[R
M]GU\U[P
YZS\D
ZTX[NWS\D
W\
O]
\
CM7ODIQ FEPJGOGIQ KP;OMKPEKIQ CL,PFI R]
WZ
F\D[TZ
EZBZ
M]
W]P[WU]OY\Q\P
E\T[J
9B6B4: U[P
\WNVF]T]QV
!LLL" R[S
NXZP]
F\P]
YZ
N[WU[J
Q\
U]S]T
[RY[W
\D[T]
Y]I\Q]
WZ
\LY[
X\
GZ
[XR
/[GZY
U]R]
FZL[T]
ZSWIZOZYI\Q] !LLL" NXZRO]EZ
WZ
X]MPZY]
UZX\U[X\Q]
Q]T
B]QV
]PK]
W]R[X
V
)]X\LX]RV
V
\MTZGU]QV
[
U[P WZ
\
RXVLZ
N[UZGS[CZ
]O\
WU]OY[
Y]
GUZ
UV
N\U]FV
QZMLX[T\U[
QZ
\MXZS][
WVGU\YV
WUT]
J ?OK]Y\QZ
]
?OK]YI\
K\T]QV
[WU]T
BZ
Y\
Y]
X\#
"=Z
P[EZ
WZ
N[XZC\
R]
QZ
]OK]YWS\
N[
J P\O[WU
\
YZP\O[WU
AO[
TZ
Y]
\
/XS]
S[
Q\
WZ
SXZU
W]WT\P
NX\X[R]Y
?OK]YI\
WU]X]
\
M]
J YZ
[K]M\XV
Y]
F\D[TZ
Y]
I\
[Y]OYZ
M]DUZTZ!
WZKY]
X]W]
S[O\S[
\
WTZ
\M
FZY[L
[SXV
EZ
J Durham
WUX
0
1EAQ/AQ*,!"0../0"0-('./-.0&+(-,($+
)/0",-+/9B6B4:Q#Q>LPFILPQO<QGM>Q?NLOMCP
\LVX]
RZWY[
[R
M]WU]TZ
NXZRWU]
J
TB]
ASZYRZXKZL]
9[Q\
QZ
LO]TY\
ZOZ
PZYU
Y]
[T[Q
LX]TVX\5
U]
P\W
J
O\G
M]GU[
QZ
UXZYVJ
U]S
[KQ]TB\T]F]
YZ
J
M]
T\WY[WU\
N[TZM]Y
W]
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
W\PJ
K[O\P]5
9]ST]
QZ
VO[
J
L]
ASZYRZXKZL]
Y]
[T[Q
WO\I\5
Hudhri
WUX
((
7>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
I=/)AQ &MFMLQ N@PE=?P3NQ IQ P@PJHIQ M

MCKMJIQILPHPQOQ LP?PQ9B6B/: 9[Q\
QZ
I\B
[T[L
L[T[X]5
!LLL" ZO\P
R]
T]P
S]EZP
WOZRZCZ#
UVXWS\
N[SXZU
S[Q\
W]R]
T\R\UZ
V
>WU]YKVOV
\ I=/%AQ -LMDNHPGQ O@OGLODPQ I?MFJHM>Q QB6B0:
N\P]
1\
TXO[
R[KX[
MY]UZ
R]
QZ
TZC
K\O[
LXHS\D
KVL]XWS\D
QZXPZYWS\D
N[SXZU]
V $K>CKGL<K>CKGECJ@LGKFI?J@K
@WP]YWS[P
I]XWUTV
8]Y]W
\P
WZ
NX\RXV
J -AGILEK@II:FH?H/H4HLEBKCHLGK7J=H
E\[
\
]X]NWS\
3VXI\
WV
M]K[X]T\O\
Y]
WZ
J
KZ
\D
QZ
H]S
K\O[
WX]P[U]
R]
S]EV
S[Q[Q ATZUWS\
X]U
S[Q\
WZ
T[R\
R[Y[W\
WO[K[RV
\
Y]I\Q\
NX\N]R]QV
-[LO[
WZ
R[L[R\U\
R] P[LVCY[WU
W]P[[NXZRZBZF]
PY[L\P
N[
X[K
J
U]S
T[
WO]KBZFZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
WTZWU\
M]
J BZ
Y\P
Y]X[R\P]
-Y[L[
TZS[T]
WZ
-]SZ
J
TXG\
Y]
[HZS\T]Y\
Y]H\Y
2O]GZC\
WZ
U[
J R[
Y\Q]
K[X\O]
\
NX[O\T]O]
N[U[SZ
SXT\
M]
L]
UVXWS]
PO]R[WU
WZ
N[SXZYVO]
\
N[S]M]J WT[QV
WO[K[RV
\
YZM]T\WY[WU
]O\
QV
QZ
\MR]J
O]
DT]OZ
TXZRYV
W]P[WTZWU
@Y]
QZ
[KQ]T\J QY\HS\
X]GHZXVN][
SX\P\Y]OY\
G[T\Y\M]P
O]
WTZU\
Y]I\[Y]OY\
X]U
S]S[
K\
WZ
3VX
I\
J \
N[DOZN]
SXT]T\D
R\Y]WU\Q]
\M
[SXVEZF]
P]
XZSO[
R]
WV
3VXI\
\
R]
UVXWSV
Y]I\QV 2[WOZR\IZ
UZ
YZT\<ZYZ
N[D]XZ
WV
YZ
W]P[
[RO\SVQZ
KZMKX[Q
TXO\Y]
!LLL"L 7TZX]T]P
T]W VM]Q]PY[
VY\GU]T]FZ
K]OS]YWS\D
Y]X[R]
R]
UVXWS\
N[SXZU
Y\QZ
Y\P]O[
YZNX\Q]UZBWJ TZC
\
[T]Q
YZT\<ZY\
X]U
A]R]
S]R]
QZ
TZ
J
S\
Y]WUX[QZY
NXZP]
]X]NWS[P
@Y
QZ
FZL[T O\
S\
RZ[
.]OS]YWS[L
N[OV[WUXT]
V
XVGZ
T\
J
KX]U
\
YZX]MRT[QY\
RXVL
3VXWS]
PO]R[WU Y]
P]
]
[WU]I\
FZL[T[L
Y]X[R]
N[R
UVX
J
K\
[R
WTZL
WXI]
T[OZO]
R]
T\R\
Y]NXZR]S
WS\P
Q]XP[P
P\
-]SZR[YI\
S[Q\
UXN\P[
?X]
N]
\
U[
R]
[Y\
[WUT]XZ
WT]
WT[Q]
Y]I\[
J T\
GZ
[R
RXVL\D
UX]E\P[
[R
T]W
K]OS]YJ
Y]OY]
NX]T]
A]R]GF\
Y]N[X\
UVXWSZ
PO]J WS\D
Y]X[R]
R]
M]K[X]T\UZ
WT]<Z
V
NX[G
J
R[WU\
VWPZXZY\
WV
Y]
T]EYZ
WUT]X\
N[NVU O[
WU\
R]
WZ
VQZR\Y\UZ
\
NX\RXVE\UZ
Y]
J
[KX]M[T]F]
3VX]S]
W]R]
S]R]
WV
WZ
S[R GZP
WTZK]OS]YWS[P
XZT[OVI\[Y]XY[P
NX[J
3V
X]S]
NX[KVR\O]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
[WZC]F] LX]PV
M]
M]QZRY\HSV
K[XKV
\
WUT]X]FZ
A]
J
S]R
WV
[Y\
N[WU]O\
NXZRVM\PB\T\
[WO[J TZMYZ
.]OS]YWSZ
8ZP[SX]UWSZ
;ZNVKO\SZ
K[R\O\
WZ
X[NWUT]
[SXZN\O\
MRX]TBZ 2X[LX]P
Y]GZL
;ZT[OVI\[Y]XY[L
S[P\UZU]
N[WU]O\
KX[QY\Q\
\
K[L]U\Q\
WTZ
V
WTZPV W]RXE\
WOZRZCZ#
[Y\
WV
N[WTZCZY\
U[PZ
R]
3VXI\
T\RZ
R]
WV AT\
K]OS]YWS\
Y]X[R\
WV
[K]TZMY\
R]
N[GU[T]Y\
\
KO]L[WO[TZY\
\
R]
M]WOVEVQV MK]IZ
WT[QZ
TO]R]QVCZ
R\Y]WU\QZ
\
R]
VTZRV
NX]T[
R]
M]VMPV
PZWU[
PZ<V
Y]X[R\P]
RT]
J XZNVKO\S]YWSZ
TO]RZ
RZ
WZU[L
TZS]
!LLL"L @
T\
S[Q\
WUZ
NXZR
WU]T
J AT]S]
K]OS]YWS]
XZNVKO\S]
UXZK]
R]
KVRZ
Y\H
S]
ZO\U]
]X]NWSZ
PO]R[WU\
T\
U]S[<Z N[UNVY[
]VU[Y[PY]
V
WT[P
VYVUX]GFZP
X]
R\
UZ
Y]
[WUT]XZFV
\WU\D
\RZ]O]
!LLL"L N[O\U\HS[P
E\T[UV
Cemal
WUX
00 ATZ
K]OS]YWSZ
XZNVKO\SZ
H\YZ
QZRYV
A]
J
TZM
YV
.]OS]YWSV
8ZP[SX]UWSV
;ZNVKO\SV
9ZP]OJN]G]
QZ
K\[
NX[+ZW\[Y]OY\
T[Q
J A]TZMY]
.]OS]YWS]
8ZP[SX]UWS]
;ZNVK
O\
J
Y\S
\
QZR]Y
[R
T[<]
-O]R[UVX]S]
S]
W]H\FZY]
QZ
[R
WOZRZC\D
XZNVKO\S]#
2[WOZ
RXE]TY[L
VR]X]
Q]YV]X]
6
L[R\YZ
N[WU][
QZ
T[QY\
VNX]TY\S
>WU]YKVO]
M]U\P
-]
SZR[Y\QZ
?OK]Y\QZ
)XYZ
/[XZ
/XHSZ
P\Y\WU]X
P[XY]X\IZ
]
U[S[P
2XT[L
WTZU
WS[L AXK\QZ
.VL]XWSZ
%XT]UWSZ
.[WYZ
\
%ZX
IZ
J
X]U]
S[P]YR]YU
V
A\X\Q\
LRZ
QZ
N[
SV
G][
R] L[
T\YZ
AO[TZY\QZ
\
3X]S\QZ
WZ
[RVNXZ
.X\U]YI\P]
\
[HVT]
O[Q]OY[WU 9][
YZM]T\WYZ
XZNVKO\SZ
NX\MY]UZ
WV
YZ
]X]NWS[L
WU]Y[TY\GUT]
@WP]YWS[P
I]XWUTV W]
P[
RXE]TZ
V
S[Q\P]
E\T\
QZRY[
NOZPZ
77
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
TZC
\
XZL\[Y\
W]
PZG[T\U\P
WU]Y[T
Y\G
J AXK\QZ
\
NXZRWU]TY\S]
4VL[WO[TZYWS[L
UT[P
H\Q\
WV
E\T[UY\
\YUZXZW\
VWS[
N[
TZ
J [RK[X]
W]
WZR\GUZP
V
[YR[YV
S[Q\
WV
R[
M]
Y\
W]
F\D[T\P
LZ[LX]+WS\P
\WU[X\Q
J W]R]
N]X]OZOY[
X]R\O\
]
V
NX\WVWUTV
\
VM
WS\P
N[O\U\HS\P
NX\TXZRY\P
\
SVOUVX
J W]X]RFV
NXZRWZRY\S]
=]X[RYZ
WSVNGU\YZ
Y\P
VWO[T\P]
R]U[L
XZL\[Y] \MPZFZYZ
WV
P\WO\
[
WT\P
N\U]F\P]
S[Q]
7
XZNVKO\S]P]
W]
PZG[T\U\P
WU]Y[T
Y\G
J WV
WS[NH]Y]
W]
KVRVC\P
M]QZRY\HS\P

UT[P
]VU[Y[PY]
N[RXVHQ]
\
[NGU\YZ
UXZK] RXE]T
Y\P
E\T[U[P
AXK]
%XT]U]
\
R]
WZ
[XL]Y\MVQV
U]S[
R]
WT]S]
Y]I\[Y]OJ AO[TZY]I]
Y[WU
\P]
NVYV
WO[K[RV
VN[UXZKZ
P]UZXFZL !LLL" 2XZ
WTZL]
NXZRWU]TY\I\
AXK]
%XT]U]
QZM\S]
WT[QZ
TZXZ
\
WT[QZ
UX]R\I\QZ \
AO[TZY]I]
N[Y[T[
\
Y]Q[ROVHY\QZ
Y]
LO]
J
4ZM\S
TZC\YZ
QZ
MT]Y\HY\
QZM\S
WT]SZ
XZ
J G]T]QV
R]
QZ
[T]Q
Y]G
UX[\PZY\
Y]X[R
QZ
J
NVKO\SZ R]Y
\WU\
N[
SXT\
N[
QZM\SV
L[T[XY[P
\
AT]S]
XZNVKO\S]
G]BZ
WT[QZ
[TO]GCZYZ N\W]Y[P
N[
[WZC]F\P]
WT[L
QZR\YWUT]
N[
NXZR
WU]TY\SZ
V
A]TZMYV
WSVNGU\YV
A]
TZM
J S[YU\YV\UZUV
\
IZO\Y\
UZX\U[X\QZ
Y]
S[Q[Q
YZ
.]OS]YWSZ
8ZP[SX]UWSZ
;ZNVKO\SZ YZN[RT[QZY[
E\T\
\
N[
M]QZRY\HS\P
E\
J
@R
[TO]GCZY\D
NXZRWU]TY\S]
K\CZ
+[XP\J T[U
Y\P
\YUZXZW\P]
WT[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
X]Y]
A]TZMY]
TO]R]
\
A]TZU
S[Q\
CZ
M]
PZ
J [NWU]YS]
\
WTZWUX]Y[L
X]MT\US]
WT[L]
Y\U\
NXZRWZRY\S]
A]TZMYZ
XZNVKO\SZ P[X]OY[L
\
P]UZX\Q]OY[L
E\T[U]
!LLL"L
A]TZMYV
TO]RV
\
A]TZU
W]H\F]T]CZ
QZRY]S =]G
UX[\PZY\
Y]X[R
S[Q\
QZ
Y]QT\GZ
WUX]
J
KX[Q
NXZRWU]TY\S]
\M
WT]SZ
W]TZMYZ
XZNVKJ R][
[R
LXVKZ
W\OZ
\
YZNX]TRZ
S[Q\
QZ
M]
O\SZ
WT[
QZ
W]P[[NXZRZBZFZ
N[RYZ[
Y]QTZCZ
A]TZMY]
TO]R]
\
A]TZU
VNX]TB]QV
WT\P EXUTZ
NX\DT]U\[
QZ
W]
[RVGZTBZFZP
U]Q
VYVUX]GF\P
WUT]X\P]
\
WN[BY\P
N\U]
J VMT\GZY\
NX\YI\N
S][
LO]TY\
I\B
[TZ
F\P]
V
.]OS]YWS[Q
;ZNVKO\I\ WUX]G
YZ
K[XKZ
V
S[QV
QZ
LVXYVO[
IZ[
WTZU
Makedonium
WUX
'J& YZN[GU[T]FZ
NX]T]
W]P[[NXZRZBZF]
Y]X[R]
8\P\UX\QZ
$VN[TWS\
*6(,
QZ
R]Y >
[TO]GCZY\
NXZRWU]TY\I\
AXK]
%XT]
U]
\
[R
\WU]SYVU\Q\D
HO]Y[T]
-]SZ
R[Y
WS[L
AO[TZY]I]
S[YWU]UVQVC\
R]
QZ
QZR\Y\
\
W]TZM]
V
A]YSU
2ZUZXKVXLV
2XT\
WTZUWS\
X]U
\
;VWS]
XZT[OVI\Q]
6
L[
R\
YZ
[DX]
J
YZ[RWUVNY\
M]DUZT
Y]GZL
Y]X[R]
M]DUZT
KX\O\
WV
L]
R]
\MYZWZ
WPZOZ
NO]
Y[
TZ
M]
XZ
[X
J S[Q\
[Y
N[WU]TB]
Y]
[WY[TV
Y]HZO]
WO[J
L]Y\M[T]FZ
QVL[\WU[HYZ
:TX[NZ
Y]S[Y
X]U] K[RY[L
W]P[[NXZRZBZF]
Y]X[R]
R]
KVRZ
N[UNVY[
[WO[K[<ZY
WT]S[L
UV<\YWS[L
X[N
J
WUT]
\
VQZR\FZY
V
QZRY[Q
WO[K[RY[Q
Y]I\[
J
Y]OY[Q
\
YZM]T\WY[Q
RXE]T\
WO[E\O\
WV
WZ
2]EB\T[
NX[H\U]Q
NXT\
N]WVW
\ R]
U]
F\D[T]
M]QZRY\HS]
RXE]T]
KVRZ
M]WJ
VN[XZR\
L]
W]
UZSWU[T\P]
IJ
\
IJ
2[SVG]Q
R]
X]MVPZG
M]GU[
QZ
$VN[TWS\ Y[T]Y]
Y]
[T\P
P[RZXY\P
\
RZP[SX]UWS\P
EZ
OZ[
R]
P]SZR[YWS]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
RX
J NX\YI\N\P]
E]
T]
KVRZ
[XL]Y\M[T]Y]
S][
W]TZMY] =]G
Y]X[R
YZ
UX]E\
Y\GU]
UV<Z#
[Y
UX]E\
XZNVKO\S] W]P[
WT[QZ
\
EZO\
R]
WZ
W]T
S][
QZRY]
IZO\J
Y]
[WO[K[R\
\
VQZR\Y\
>
M]U[
[Y
WTZWY[
\
[ROVHY[
\WSBVHVQZ
WT]S[
RZO\P\HY[
XZ
J
I=/*AQ LJHPQ CNHEPLP;ODPQ9B6B0:Q MQ ?LOK= GZ
FZ
WT[L]
Y]X[RY[L
[WO[K[<ZF]
\
VQZR\J
;O?O@PQ IDNCO5N5PQ 1L7P(Q LFPGPQ O FZF]
=]G
Y]X[R
N[WU]TB]
S][
QZRYV
YZ
J
1EMFNKP;P X]MRT[QYV
IZO\YV
NX[KOZP
WT[L]
[WO[
K[
<Z
J
F]
[R
?VWUX[J7L]XWSZ
\
FZL[T[L
VQZR\FZJ
=]
9[Y+ZXZYI\Q\
HO]Y[T]
NX[GO[L
S[]O\J F]
W]
AXK\Q[P
\
)XY[P
/[X[P
I\[Y[L
\
W]R]GFZL
S]K\YZU]
9X]BZT\YZ 2ZUX]Y[T\C
ZHZT\C
WUX
&&J&
7
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
H]WY[
\
R[
SX]Q]
M]
FV
X]U[T]O]
\
8X]P]U\HY\
R[L]<]Q\
6
L[R\YZ
*Y]
J WUX]R]O]
ZO\P
R]
WZ
WO[E\P[
\
KX]UJ
X[H\U[
XZT[OVI\[Y]XY\
N[SXZU\
V WS\
VXZR\P[
V
QVL[WO[TZYWSV
S[Y+ZJ
;VW\Q\
\
VO]M]S
?PZX\SZ
V
2XT\
WTZUWS\
X]U,
RZX]I\QV
V
S[Q[Q
CZ
WT]S
W]HVT]U\
WT[Q]
Y]TZO\
WV
WXNWSV
TO]RV
\
4VL[WO[TZYWS\
[RK[X

W]H\FZY
[R
N[O\U\H]X]
S[Q\
WV
NX[LJ
NX]T]
WT[QV
TQZXV
VXZRKZ
\
[K\H]QZ
.X]YS[
2ZUX]Y[T\C
-[PH\O[
ZHZT\C
WUX
'
Y]Y\
W]
QVEY[WO[TZYWS\D
UZX\U[X\Q]
?VWUX[
J
VL]X
WS[L
I]XWUT]

R]
NXZT]M\<V
YZWVLO]
W\
J
IZ
\
\M]<V
W]
M]QZRY\HS\P
N[O\U\HS\P
NX[J =\S[O]
2ZUX[T\C
ZL[G
LX]P[P
8ZSO]X]I\Q]
QZ
W]WU]TBZY]
QVY] *(60,
IXY[L[XWS\
SF]M
6
L[R\YZ
Y]
9X+V
LRZ
WZ
WXNWS]
TO]R] *&6,
\
SX]B
*660,
2[R
N[
TVSO]
Y]S[Y
GU[
QZ
Y]NVWU\O]
AXK\QV
6' FZL[T[P
TO]GCV
)XY]
/[X]
QZ
L[R\YZ
V
8ZSO]X]I\Q\
QZ
K\O[

LO]TY\D
U]
J MY]H]QY[
VTZC]O]
UZX\U[X\QV
\

H]
S]
PZ<V
S[Q\P]
WV
\
[RXZRKZ
S[QZ
WZ
U\HV L[R\YZ
Y]
.ZXO\YWS[P
S[YLXZWV
Q[Q
QZ
\PZY]
KVRVCZ
RXE]TZ
*9X]BZT\Y]
AXK]
N[UTX<ZY]
YZM]T\WY[WU
%XT]U]
\
AO[TZY]I],
S[Q]
CZ
K\U\
N]XO]J
PZYU]XY]
VWU]TY]
P[Y]XD\Q]
W]
TO]R]XWS[P
-[RZXY\M[T][
QZ
RXE]TYV
VNX]TV
R\Y]WU\Q[P
9]X]<[X<ZT\C]
M]U\P
[RXZRKZ NX]TY[
VXZR\[
MZPBV
R[YZ[
NXT\
VWU]T
[
LXKV
M]WU]T\
\
QZRY]S[WU\
UX\
Y]I\[Y]OY] VXZR\[
[RY[WZ
W]
TZXWS\P
\YWU\UVI\Q]J
\PZY]
N\WP]
TZXWS\D
[KZOZEQ]
UZX\U[X\QZ P]
*)XY]
/[X]
QZ
K\O]
NXT]
R[P\Y]UY[
QZRY]S[WU\
LX]<]Y]
NXZR
M]S[Y[P
\UR
@T]Q NX]T[WO]TY]
MZPB]
S[Q]
QZ
&
L[R\YZ
R[SVPZYU
QZ
\P][
TZO\S[L
VU\I]Q]
Y]
WU]T[TZ N[UN\W]O]
S[YS[XR]U
W
1]U\S]Y[P,
QVL[WO[TZYWS\D
N[O\U\H]X]
V
ZP\LX]I\Q\
\ 7Y]NXZR\[
QZ
GS[OWUT[
NX\TXZRV
\
W][J
Y]
WU]Y[TY\SZ
QVEY[WO[TZYWS\D
[KO]WU\ KX]C]QYV
\Y+X]WUXVSUVXV
2[T[R[P
'
?VWUX[VL]XWSZ L[R\Y]
TO]R]T\YZ
6
L[R\YZ
WZ
SXVY\W][
M]
SX]B]
>
N[XZR
XZ+[XP\
=\S[O]
QZ
M]RXE][
R[P\Y]I\QV
V
VNX]TB]FV
MZPB[P
MK[L
HZL]
QZ
FZL[T]
9[Q\
QZ
LO]TY\
NXZRO[L
AXK]
M]
KV
J TO]R]T\Y]
K\O]
]NW[OVU\WU\HS]
=]S[Y
RVCY[WU
AXK]
%XT]U]
\
AO[
TZ
Y]
I]5 GU[
QZ
?VWUX[VL]XWS]
V
Q]Y]VXV
6&
9[Q\P
QZ
]XLVPZYU\P]
N[RXE]Y
U]Q
NXZRJ L[R\YZ
[SVN\X]O]
)XYV
/[XV
ZP\L\X][
QZ
O[L5
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
QZ
NXZRO[
EZY] V
X]YIVWSV
LRZ
QZ
\
VPX[
M]QZRY\HS]
RXE]T]
]
YZ
UX\
[RT[QZYZ
RXE]TZ5
?S[
K\
UZ
YZS[
W]R]
N\U][
S]
J
S]T
K\
NXZRO[L
M]
KVRVCY[WU
AXK]
%XT]
J I=/8AQNGLKPNJGQGP2PHPQO<Q>MFMLP
U]
\
AO[TZY]I]
6
L[R\YZ
P[L][
R] P@NLO2HM>Q?LNCJNCKOHPQICLMP
R]G5 OEJMKPQ9B6B8:Q#QMCLNC7NQHMDNQJNQGO2I
DI>MOJGM2KNQFLM?N
#/0AQ-LM>EPJQ I>MJEMFNKO@PQ;LKM>MLJHM> 7
X]U
WP[
VGO\
M]U[
GU[
WV
Y]W
N[L[R\OZ
HLP+PQOHMENQ4.AQMHGM7LPQB6B8A N[TXZRZ
BVRWS\D
NX]T]
R]
K\
Y]GZP
Y]X[
J
RV
E\T[U
V[NGUZ
K\[
P[LVC
UZ
WV
WZ
YZ
J
.X]C[

W]
Y]QTZC\P
M]Y[W[P
X]R[GCV
\ NX]T
RZ
P[X]OZ
\WNX]T\U\
\
WTZU
WZ
P[X][
[RVGZTBZFZP
R]Y]W
WTZH]Y[
\MQ]TBVJ VH\Y\U\
U]ST\P
R]
R[
F\D
T\GZ
Y\S]R]
YZ
QZP
R]
EZO\P

]
VTQZXZY
W]P
R]
\WUV R[<Z
-\
R]SOZ
V
[T[P
X]UV
YZ
EZO\P[
Y\
J
EZBV
\P]
\
W]T
P[Q
TQZXY\
Y]X[R
V
)XY[Q GU]
M]
WZKZ
ATZU
UXZK]
VH\Y\U\
N[L[RY\P
/[X\

R]
\
Y]G]
P\O]
)XY]
/[X]
KVRZ \
W\LVXY\P
R]
WZ
V
FZPV
E\T\
]
Y]X[H\U[
W]WU]TY\
R\[
4VL[WO]T\QZ
R]
H]WY[
V<Z
V R]
KVRZ
W\LVX]Y
M]
WT]SV
Y]I\QV
S[Q]
N[NVU
QVL[WO[TZYWSV
M]QZRY\IV
S][
GU[
QZ Y]GZ
N[GUVQZ
P\X
\
EZO\
R]
E\T\
WT[Q\P
76
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
E\
T[U[P
R]
WUT]X]
TO]WU\UZ
\YWU\UVI\QZ
KVRZ
W\LVXY]
V
NX]TZRY[
\
+ZX
N[WUVN]FZ 9]STZ
QZ
Y]PZXZ
\P][
1VRX[
1\OW[Y
W]
.]OS]Y[P5
9]S[
K\
[S]X]SUZ
J
RXVL\D
Y]X[R]
\
KZMKZRY]
[R
Y]W\B]
\
X\W][[S]X]SUZ
X\W]O]
UZ
Y]PZXZ5
2X[IZJ
WZK\HYZ
]LXZW\QZ
3[
QZ
M]NX]T[
\YUZXZW
Y\
R]
O\
K\
[T]ST]
XZGZF]
N[K[BG]O]
WT\D
Y]X[R]
\
GU[
WZ
Y]W
U\HZ
P\
Q]WY[
T\
J
W\UV]I\QV
Y]
.]OS]YV
Y]
RVL\
X[S
R\
P[
R]
Y\
M]
Y]W
YZCZ
K\U\
NX]TRZ
VS[O\
J
S[
QZ
YZP]
M]
RXVLZ
AU[L]
QZ
NX[LX]P
WTZUJ
WS[L
P\X]
Y]G
NX[LX]P
]
U]Q
NX[LX]P
QZR\J I=/6AQ !N<MEI;ODPQ KP;OMKPEKNQ JHI?3GOKN
Y\
P[LVC\
QZWUZ
S]S[
L]
P\
T\R\P[ IQ E7PQ IEODO(Q MCEIHPQ MQ IDNCO5N5I
[T]S]T# LPKJOEFPKODNQJPQ!I@IKODM@Q9B6B8:
!LLL"
=]X[R\
?VWUX[VL]XWSZ
M]
S[QZ
P\
EZ
O\
J I =]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
WT\D
;VPVY]
V
3X]Y
J
P[
R]
\P]QV
W\LVXY[
\
KZMKZRY[
PZWU[
PZ<V W\OT]Y\Q\
.]Y]UV
\
-]<]XWS[P
[SXVLV
RXVL\P
Y]X[R\P]
UXZK]
R]
R[K\QV
Y]QTZCV W]MT]Y]
V
?OK]
4VO\Q\

Y[TZPKX]
WO[K[RV
\
P[LVCY[WU
]VU[Y[PY[L
X]MT[Q] RZIZPKX]
[KQ]TBVQZ
VQZR\FZFZ
U\D
;V
PV
J
I 1[QWS]
UXZK]
R]
WZ
N[TVHZ
\M
;VPVY\QZ Y]
\
WT\D
UZX\U[X\Q]
S[QZ
[Y\
Y]WZB]T]QV
AXK\QZ
\
)XYZ
/[XZ
]
[SVN\X]Y]
N[RXVHQ] W]
;VPVY\Q[P
=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
Y]
LO]
J
UXZK]
[KY[T\U\
AXK\Q\
UXZK]
R]U\
[UT[XZY G]
T]
YZ[UV<\T[
NX]T[
XVPVYWS[L
Y]X[R]
\
W\LVX]Y
\MO]M
Y]
P[XZ
PZ<VW[KY\
[RY[W\ Y]
H\U]T
.]Y]U
H\QZ
WV
LX]Y\IZ
-[X\G
K]OS]YWS\D
RXE]T]
UXZK]
R]
KVRV
VXZ<ZY\ 3\W]
\
8VY]T
NX\Q]UZBWS\P
WN[X]MVP\P]
S[Q\
CZ
NX]U\J II =]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
N[PZYVU\P
UZX\U[X\J
U\
\WU[X\QWS\
N[UTX<ZYZ
O\Y\QZ
NX\N]RY[WJ Q]P]
R]QZ
NX\TXZPZYV
]VU[Y[P\QV
R[S
WZ
YZ
U\
\
Y]I\[Y]OY[WU\
UXZK]
[KZMKZR\U\
PZ
J W]WU]YV
F\D[T\
NXZRWU]TY\I\
\M]KX]Y\
<V
Y]X[RYZ
L]X]YI\QZ
M]
N[O\U\HSV
\
ZS[
J [NGU\P
NX]T[P
LO]W]
Y[PWSV
YZM]T\WY[WU
\
UZX\U[X\Q]OY\
\YUZ
J III 7
TZM\
W
U\P
=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
[KQ]T
J
LX\
UZU
YZS[O\S[
K]OS]YWS\D
RXE]T] BV
QZ
R]
CZ
Y]
WOZRZC\P
NX\YI\N\P]
K\U\
II 3XZK]
[KZMKZR\U\
WVTZXZY\UZU
UVXWS\P M]WY[T]Y]
KVRVC]
XVPVYWS]
RXE]T]#
RZO[T\P]
R]Y]GFZL
@WP]YWS[L
I]XWUT]
]O\
\
RXVLZ
Y]I\QZ
S[QZ
WV
W]R]
N[R
UVXWS[P
AT\
Y]X[R\
S[Q\
E\TZ
M]QZRY[
VE\T]QV
TO]GCV
UXZK]
R]
\P]QV
KZMKZR]Y
E\T[U
\ N[UNVYV
Y]I\[Y]OYV
WO[K[RV
AT]S\
R]
R[K\QV
P[LVCY[WU
]VU[Y[PY[L
X]MT[Q] Y]X[R
CZ
WZ
[KX]M[T]U\
VNX]TB]U\
\
8]X
R]YZOZ
UXZK]
UX]QY[
[UT[X\U\
\
VH\
Y\
J T[R\U\
WVR
W
SZ
NX[IZWZ
Y]
W[NWUTZY[P
U\
WO[K[RY\P
NX[O]M[P
M]
KX[R[TZ
\
UXL[
J QZM\SV
]
VH\
UZ
B\
VNX]T\UZB\
\
WVR\QZ
T\YV
WT\D
Y]X[R]
W]
PZ<VY]X[RY[P
L]X]YJ CZ
K\U\
NX\N]RY\I\
U[L
Y]X[R]
WT]S\
I\Q[P Y]X[R
CZ
\P]U\
NX]T[
R]
KVRZ
NXZRJ
IV =]X[H\U\P
WN[X]MVP\P]
UXZK]
WUT[
X\
J WU]TBZY
V
RXE]TY\P
UZO\P]
\
R]
U\
[NGU\
W]TZM
Y]I\Q]
V
I\BV
R]T]F]
VM]J VNX]TB]
MZPB[P
V
WSO]RV
W]
WT[Q[P
KX[J
Q]PY\D
L]X]YI\Q]
N[O\U\HSZ
YZM]T\WY[WU\
\ QY[GCV
UZX\U[X\Q]OY[L
\YUZLX\UZU]
\
TZO\S\D
\
P]O\D
RXE]T]
!LLL" 0
1O]R]CZ
N[UNVY]
TZXWS]
WO[K[R]
\
WTZ
www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1918wilson.html TZX[\WN[TZWU\
CZ
\P]U\
QZRY]S]
NX]T]
7
L[T[XV
[RXE]Y[P

Q]YV]X]
6

7
WT\P
[KO]WU\P]
N[O\U\HS[L
E\T[U]
L[R\YZ
]PZX\HS\
NXZRWZRY\S
1VRX[
1\OW[Y
\MYZ[
QZ
WT[Q
NXZRO[L
[R
HZUXY]ZWU
TO]
R]CZ
N[UNVY[
RZP[SX]UWS\
W\WUZP
2[
J
U]
H]S]
M]
[S[YH]FZ
X]U]
3]Q
NXZRO[L
QZ
N[
J WU[Q]CZ
[NGUZ
NX]T[
LO]W]
]
LO]W]CZ
WZ
YZ
J
WU][
[WY[T]
M]
P\X[TY\
VL[T[X
\
[WY\T]FZ N[
WXZRY[
U]QY[
V
WT\P
[NGU\Y]P]
N[
NX[J
\LZ
Y]X[R] N[XI\[Y]OY[P
W\WUZPV
LO]W]CZ
NX\N]RY\I\
71
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
[K]
N[O]
WU]X\Q\
[R
0
L[R\YZ
M]
NXZRJ VIII =]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
\MX]E]T]
M]DT]OJ
WU]TY\SZ
[NGU\YZ
[KO]WU\
\O\
N]XO]PZYU] Y[WU
\
R\TBZFZ
A]TZMY\I\P]
S[Q\
WV
WZ
(
1O]R]CZ
N[UNVY]
WO[K[R]
GU]PNZ
VRXV
J WQ]QY[
\
\WUX]QY[
K[X\O\
NX[U\T
YZNX\Q]UZJ
E\
T]F]
\
[SVNB]F]
WTZ
BVRWSZ
\RZQZ
CZ B]
S[Q\
WZ
PY[L[
RZIZY\Q]
NX\NXZP][
M]
P[C\
WO[K[RY[
R]
WZ
G\XZ X]U
\
V
U[Q
K[XK\
I\T\O\M]I\QV
[WO[K[R\O\
[R
UZX[X]
T]XT]XWUT]
'
7TZGCZ
WZ
X]R\S]OY]
]LX]XY]
XZ+[XP]
AT]
\P]F]
]
Y]QNXZ
[Y]
TZO\S]
K\CZ
N[
J IX 8]
K\
\
R]BZ
VNX]TB]O]
XVPVYWS[P
Y]
J
N\
W]Y]
.\CZ
N[Y\GUZY\
UZWU]PZYU\
S[Q\J I\Q[P
V
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q\
.]Y]UV
\
-]<]X
J
P]
Y]WOZRY\S
MZPBV
[WU]TB]
UXZCZP
O\
J
WS[P
[SXVLV
=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
QZ
[ROV
H\
J
IV
Y]
[WY[TV
NX]T]
R]
WZ
\P]F]
WO[K[RY[ O]
R]
[WYVQZ
1ZO\S\
XVPVYWS\
Y]I\[Y]OY\
SXHZ
WZB]S
CZ
P[C\
R]
R[<Z
R[
TO]WU\U[L W]TZU
S[Q\
CZ
WTVR]
\
V
WT]S[
R[K]
NXZRJ
\P]F]
*[KX]R\TZ
F\TZ
N]GF]S]
GVPZ, WU]TB]U\
XVPVYWSV
Y]I\QV
V
[RY[W\P]
W]
K]XZP
QZRY[L
S[Q\
CZ
WOVE\U\
FZPV
\
FZ
L[
J RXVL\P
Y]I\Q]P]
\
R[Y[W\U\
WTZ
N[UXZKYZ
T[Q
N[X[R\I\
)\B
[TZ
XZ+[XPZ
QZ
TZC] [ROVSZ
V
FZY[P
Y]QK[BZP
\YUZXZWV
RXVGUTZY]
QZRY]S[WU
\
Q]H]FZ
NX[\MT[RJ
Y\D
WY]L] www.cimec.ro/istorie/unire/rezo_eng.htm
&
>YRVWUX\QWS\
X]RY\I\
CZ
R[K\U\
\WU]
NX]
T]
\
NX\T\OZL\QZ
S[QZ
\P]QV
X]RY\I\
V U]
WZ
NXZRO]EZ
V
TZM\
W]
P]F\
J
Y]P]
V
;VPVY\Q\5
U]
P\WO\G
Y]QX]MT\QZY\Q\P
MZPB]P]
M]GU[
WV
U]STZ
\MQ]TZ
VSBVHZYZ
V
RZ
J
SO]
X]I\QV
[
VQZR\FZFV
W]
;VPVY\Q[P5
IV =]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
WZ
M]O]EZ
R]
WZ
Y]
P\X[TY[P
S[YLXZWV
WUT[X\
M]QZRY\I]
WO[J
K[RY\D
Y]I\Q]
S]S[
K\
VKVRVCZ
K\O]
[W\LVJ I=).AQ &MFMLQ IEODIPQ PKODIPQ IQ LI@IKJHMD
X]Y]
NX]TR]
\
WO[K[R]
\
M]
P]OZ
\
M]
TZ
O\
J KPLMCKMDQ JHI?3GOKOQ IQ E7PQ IEODO
SZ
Y]I\QZ
]
X]U
VS\YVU
S][
WXZRWUT[
M] 9B6B8:
S[YUX[O\W]FZ
PZ<VY]X[RY\D
[RY[W]
9]S[
K\WP[
[R]LY]O\
WTZ
WVPFZ
S[QZ
K\
;VPVY\
[SVNBZY\
V
=]X[RY[Q
WSVNGU\Y\ WZ
S[R
WUX]Y]I]
P[LOZ
X[R\U\
N[T[R[P
N[MRX]TB]QV
KX]CV
V
.VS[T\Y\
S[Q]
WV
WZ Y]G\D
Y]PZX]
V
TZM\
W]
VY\Q[P
\
[WO[K[R\O]
[R
Q]XP]
?VWUX[VL]XWS[L
I]X
J Y]I\[Y]OY[P
WO[
K[R[P
1ZO\S\
XVPVYWJ
WUT]
\
VQZR\Y\O]
W]
[U]K\Y[P
;VPVY\Q[P S\
Y]I\[Y]OY\
W]TZU
[KQ]TBVQZ
R]
YZ
EZO\
\PNZX\QV
S[Q]
CZ
UO]H\U\
-\
S[Q\
VI =]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
W
Y]SO[Y[GCV
\
[RV
J WP[
K\O\
N[UO]HZY\
YZ
EZO\P[
R]
W]R]
GZT
BZFZP
N[MRX]TB]
[WO[K[<ZFZ
WT\D N[WU]YZP[
UO]H\UZB\
ZO\P[
R]
WT\
Y]I\Q]
S[QZ
WV
R[
W]R]
K\OZ
N[RXZ<ZYZ KVRV
WO[K[RY\
\
R]
Y]NXZRVQV
E\TZC\
?VWUX[
VL]XWS[P
I]XWUTV
]
U[
WV#
HZD[WO[J M]QZRY[
=]G
1ZO\S\
Y]I\
[
Y]OY\
W]TZU
T]HS]
]VWUX[JYZP]HS]
QVL[WO[TZYWS] RXE\
WZ
WU]XZ
N[WO[T\IZ#
"=Z
H\Y\
RXVJ
N[BWS]
\
S]XN]UWS[JXVWS]
Y]I\Q]
\
N[MJ L[PZ
[Y[
GU[
YZ
EZO\G
R]
RXVL\
H\Y\
RX]TZ
G]BZ
\
WT\P
[WU]O\P
Y]I\Q]P] UZK\!
7
1ZO\S[Q
;VPVY\Q\
P\
EZO\P[
R]
Y]
NXZWU[
WU]T\P[
WO[K[RV
M]
WTZ
Z
J
VII =]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
N]PU\
DX]KXZ
;V
PV
J O\P[
R]
WT]S]
Y]I\Q]
Y]
TO]WU\U[P
YZ
S[Q\
WV
V
[T[P
X]UV
NX[O\O\
SXT
R]
K\ QZM\SV
X]MT\Q]
WT[QV
SVOUVXV
M]DUZT]
WZ
[WUT]X\O\
Y]G\
WY[T\
QZX
[Y\
WV
VPXO\ NX]TRV
\
R]
WZ
P[O\
TO]WU\U\P
K[L[T\J
M]
WO[K[RV
\
QZR\YWUT[
XVPVYWSZ
Y]I\QZ P]
7<
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
A]
WVM]P]
V
[H\P]
WP[
LOZR]O\
S]S[
WZ PZ<VX]UY[P
NZX\[RV
-]Y\QV
QZ
K\[
Y]G
QZM\S
\MK]IVQZ
\M
GS[O]
IXS]T]
\ NXZRWZRY\S
=]X[RYZ
WZB]HSZ
WUX]YSZ
\
NX]
T [WVRY[L
W\WUZP]
\
U[
YZCZP[ NXZP\QZX
*606
606,
.X]Y\[
VH\Y\U\
W
RXV
L \P
QZM\I\P]
=ZCZP[ QZ
RZP[SX]UWSZ
WO[K[RZ
WVNX[UWU]TB]J
RXVL\P]
[RVM\P]U\
[Y[
[R
HZL]
E\TZ
=Z QVC\
WZ
X]MY\P
R\SU]UVX]P]
S[QZ
WV
V
EZO\P[
R]
E\
T\
P[
[R
UV<ZL
MY[Q]
QZX
WP[ ;VPVY\Q\
N[WU[Q]OZ
N[HZT
[R
6
L[R\YZ
V
WU]FV
R]
E\
T \
P [
[R
TO]WU\UZ ]
E\T[U
QZ
M]TXG\[
V
S[PVY\WU\HS[P
NX\TXZRZ
\
TO]WU\UZ
WY]
LZ
[R
TO]WU\U[L M]UT[XV
-]Y\QV[T[
\MO]L]FZ
WTZR[H\
[
ZYUVM\Q]MJ
X]R]
!]NO]VM"
;V
P VY
W S]
MZPB]
P[EZ
PV
\
G\X[S[LXVR[WU\
N[SXZU]
M]
WUT]J
[Q]H]U\
W]P[
]S[
WZ
F[PZ
RZP[SX]UWS\
X]FZ
NX]
TZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
NXZR
SX]Q
VNX]TB]
Y]X[H\U[
]S[
WZ
VMPZ
V
[KM\X 2XT[L
WTZUWS[L
X]U]
>N]S
RVD
U[L
FZL[TJ
GU]
WTZ
P[RZXY]
RXE]T]
M]DUZT]
A]P[ [L
L[T[X]
Y]
S[QZP
N[H\T]
XZM[OVI\Q]
VS[O\S[
V
Y]G[Q
MZPB\
KVRZ
TO]R]O[ 1ZO\SZ
Y]I\[
Y]O
YZ
WSVNGU\YZ
Y\QZ
K\[
NX]T[
\
WO[K[R]
[YR]
CZP[
\P]U\
WY]LZ KO\M]S
WT\P
XV
P VYWS\P
N[O\U\H]X\P]
R]
M]
WT[QV
WUT]X
UX]E\P[
\
N[RXGSV
[R 9[YSXZUY\
N[O\U\H
S\
N[UZM\
V
PZ<VX]UY[Q
WTZU] ;VPVY\Q\
V
TZM\
W]
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
P]F\Y]J
Murgescu
WUX
0( P]
K\O\
WV
Y]E]O[WU
R]OZS[
\WN[R
WU]YJ
R]XR]
S[QZ
QZ
-]Y\QV
N[SVG][
R]
N[WU]T\
4VO\QV
-]Y\QV
*6',
QZR]Y
[R 6
L[R\YZ
T[<]
XVPVYWS[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
N[SXZJ
U]
V
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q\
M]
TXZPZ
]VWJ
UX[VL]XWSZ
TO]
R ]T\YZ
]O]L][
WZ
M]
VQZR\FZFZ
W]
;V
PV
Y\Q[P
N[WU][
NXZRWZRJ 7N[XZR\
R[SVPZYUZ
IJ6
\
IJ(
9]ST]
Y\S
1ZO\S[L
Y]
I\[
Y]O
Y[L
W]TZU]
S[Q\
QZ QZ
X]MO\S]
\MPZ<V
L[T[X]
\
MT]Y\HYZ
VNX]TB][
3X]Y
W \O
T ]
Y \Q[P
WTZ
R[S
[Y]
XZM[OVI\QZ5
Y\QZ
N[WU]O]
RZ[
1ZO\SZ
;VPVY\QZ
7
E
P?PQ/#
4VL[\WU[HY]
:TX[N]
N[WOZ
9[Y+ZXZYI\QZ
P\X]
V
2]X\MV
\
VL[T[X]
V
[M]Y\
60
K
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
I=)BAQ -LNCEM>Q CPQ JNQ JGFMLOQ @PHNCMKJHP \YUX\LZ

S[XVPN\X]Y\D
R\NO[P]U\Q]
K]OS]Y
J
CL,PFPQ JPQ HPKGMKPEKM@Q ML>PKO<P;ODM@ WS\D
MZP]B]
?MQI<MLIQKPQFPD;PLJHIQ9B6B6: 4ZRY[P
WO[K[RY]
\
YZM]T\WY]
-]SZR[Y\Q]
CZ
M]DT]BVQVC\
NXZ
WTZL]
WT[P
[RO\HY[P
!LLL" AT]S[
H\WUZ
W]TZWU\
\
RVD]
S[
WZ
KX\YZ LZ[LX]+WS[P
N[O[E]QV
NXZRWU]TB]U\
M]
WVRK\YV
BVRWS[L
X[R]
UX]E\
R]
WZ
N[G
J TZM\TY[
US\T[
M]
K]OS]YWSZ
RXE]TZ
[P[
J
UVQZ
WO[K[RY]
T[B]
WT]S[L
Y]X[R]
-\
Y]
J LV
C\CZ
\P
R]
WZ
WVWXZUYV
YZ
RXEZC\
[XVEQZ
X[R
P]SZR[YWS\
UX]E\P[
R]
WZ
U[
NX]T\O[ V
XVS]P]
\
R[NX\YZCZ
WUT]X]FV
K]OS]YWSZ
N[GUVQZ
\
S]R]
QZ
-]SZR[Y\Q]
V
N\U]FV
=]
J S[Y+ZRZX]I\QZ
X[R
-]SZR[Y\QZ
\P]
[Y[
GU[
QZ
N[UXZKY[ [M]Y]
QVY
66
R]
K\
W]P
W[K[P
VNX]TB][
[Y
Y\QZ
KZM[
KJ
/ZYZX]OY\
W]TZU
P]SZR[YWS\D
VRXVEZF]
V
O\HY]
P]W]
Y\U\
QZ
M]QZRY\I]
S[Q]
YZP] T]QI]XWS[Q
WTZWU
[
WZK\

S]S[
WV
YZS\
WSO[Y\
R]
UTX
J +?<FKGJ
WUX
6J6
RZ
=]NX[U\T
\WN[R
NX\T\RY[L
D][W]
SX\QZ
WZ
RVD[TY[
QZR\YWUT[
S[QZ
N[H\T]
Y]
Q]S\P 2X[Y]<\
]XLVPZYUZ
S[Q\
WZ
Y]T[RZ
V
NW\D[O[GS\P
TZM]P]
S][
GU[
WV#
YZ
NXZ
WU]
J NX\O[L
WUT]X]F]
YZM]T\WYZ
P]SZJ
YZ
\
WTZ[NGUZ
XZT[OVI\QZ
M]QZRY\HSZ
N]U
J R[YWSZ
RXE]TZ
2X[S[PZYU]X\G\
]XLVJ
FZ
\
PVS]
N[R
\WU\P
Q]XP[P
4ZRY[
[R
LO]T
J PZYUZ
V
NX\O[L
UTXRFZ
R]
P]SZR[YWSV
Y\D
TZM\TY\D
US\T]
U[L
RVD[TY[L
QZR\YWUT] RXE]TV
UXZK]
Y]NX]T\U\
N[
GT]QI]X
J
VNX]T[
QZ
U]Q
VMT\GZY\
Y]N[X
P]SZR[YWS[L
WS[P
P[RZOV
AP]UX]G
O\
R]
WV
[Y\
NX\
J
Y]X[R]
R]
[WUT]X\
YZM]T\WY[WU
WT[QZ PZXZY\
TXZPZYV
NXZR
SX]Q
2XT[L
WTZUJ
MZPBZ
Y]N[X]
S[Q\
QZ
V
-]SZR[Y\Q\
VTZS WS[L
X]U]5
8]
U\
NX\N]R]G
YZS[P
P]SZJ
WUT]X][
DZX[QZ
NX[N[TZRY\SZ
\
PVHZY\SZ
R[YWS[P
VRXVEZFV
GU]
K\
U\
NXZRO[
J
-\
[KQ]TBVQZP[
NX]T[
Y]
E\T[U
N[WOZRF\ E\[NXZRO[
E\O]5
NVU
N[UTX<VQVC\
T[BV
TZC\YZ
-]SZR[Y]I]
S[Q]
WZ
VSX]US[
P[EZ
[T]S[
\MXZC\#
YZM]
J
T\WY]
-]SZR[Y\Q]
W
S]YU[Y]OY\P
VXZ<Z
J I=)4AQOLO3HOQJ?MLP<I@Q&L2HNQOQILJHNQM
FZP
N[
VM[XV
Y]
RZP[SX]UWSV
T]QI]XWSV
\ O?LIQ9B6%6:
N[R
NX[UZSU[X]U[P
QZRYZ
YZM]\YUZXZW[J
T]YZ
W\OZ#
AQZR\FZY\D
?PZX\HS\D
8XE]T]
8XE]T]
9\N]X
QZ
XZNVKO\S]
W
NXZRWZRJ
AT]S[PZ
S[
N[MY]QZ
-]SZR[Y\QV
\
]NZU\UZ Y\HS\P
VXZ<ZFZP
NXZRWZRY\S
QZ
/XS
]
K]OS]YWS\D
RXE]T]
YZCZ
K\U\
UZGS[
R] N[UNXZRWZRY\S
3VXH\Y
\
[K[Q\I]
CZ
K\U\
X]MVPZ
R]
P\
[T\PZ
EZO\P[
R]
N[WU\LYZP[ \M]KX]Y\
LO]W]FZP
LXHSZ
\
UVXWSZ
M]QZRJ
HZU\X\
WUT]X\# Y\IZ
?S[
-]SZR[Y\Q]
N[WU]YZ
YZM]T\WY]
RXE]
J 0
T]Y\HY\
QZM\I\
;ZNVKO\SZ
9\N]X
WV
T]
[YR]
CZ
QZRY[P
M]VTZS
K\U\
[S[YH]Y\ LXHS\
\
UVXWS\
2X]T\O]
M]S[Y[R]TWUT]
\
WVS[K\
K]OS]YWS\D
RXE]T]
QZX
[YR]
P]SZJ VNX]TZ
S][
\
MT]Y\HY\
R[SVPZYU\
Y]
N\
W]
J
R[YWS\
Y]X[R
T\GZ
YZCZ
K\U\
NXZRPZU Y\
WV
Y]
[K]
MT]Y\HY]
QZM\S]
UXL[
T\YZ
FZY\D
WVWZR]
;ZNVKO\S]
9\N]X
\P]
M]WU]TV
YZVUX]OJ
9]YU[Y]OY[
VXZ<ZFZ
Y]O\S
[Y[PZ
V
GT]QJ Y\D
K[Q]
\
XZGZF]
S[QZ
CZ
[R]KX]U\
NXZR
J
I]XWS[Q
RZP[SX]U\Q\
S[QZ
P\
NXZRO]EZP[ WZRY\S
\
N[UNXZRWZRY\S
;ZNVKO\SZ
[KZMKZR\CZ
WT\P
P]F\Y]P]
KZM
[KM\X]
Y] /XHS]
\
UVXWS]
M]WU]T]
P[LV
WZ
\WU]C\
X]MO\H\UZ
QZM\SZ
\
TZXV
N[UNVYV
QZRY]S[WU M]QZRY[
W]
M]WU]T[P
9\NX]
V
ZS[Y[PWS[P
\
RVD[TY[P
X]MT[QV /XHS]
\
UVXWS]
M]QZRY\I]
\P]QV
NX]T[
R]
2X[UZSU[X]U
TZO\SZ
W\OZ
Y]R
-]SZR[
J WO]
TZ
LXHSZ
\
UVXWSZ
RXE]TYZ
NX]MY\SZ
Y\Q[P
YVE]Y
QZ
R]
K\
WZ
[WVQZU\OZ
KVRVCZ !LLL"
B
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
'
>MTXGY]
TO]WU
QZ
V
XVS]P]
NXZRWZRY\S] 0(
/XHS]
\
UVXWS]
TO]R]
\P]QV
NX]T[
R]
\
N[UNXZRWZRY\S]
@Y\
CZ
\P]U\
-\Y\
J +\Y]YW\X]QV
[KX]M[TYZ
SVOUVXYZ
WN[XU
J
WU]X
WS\
W]TZU
S[Q\
WZ
W]WU[Q\
[R
WZR]P
LXH
J
WSZ
\
R[KX[UT[XYZ
VWU]Y[TZ
S[QZ
NX\N]R]QV
S\D
\
UX\
UVXWS]
P\Y\WUX]
!LLL" F\D[T\P
M]QZRY\I]P]
&
]S[Y[R]TYV
TO]WU
CZ
\P]U\
2[WO]
Y\H
J >WU[
U]S[
V
WOVH]QV
R]
QZRY]
[R
M]QZRY\I]
S\
R[P
H\Q\
CZ
WZ
N[WO]Y\I\
Y]
P]YR]U
[R NX[IZY\
R]
YZP]
R[T[B]Y
KX[Q
VH\UZB]
NZU
L[R\Y]
K\X]U\
Y]
[WY[TV
[NGUZL
NX]T] NX[+ZW[X]
\O\
WTZGUZY\S]
S[Q\
K\
X]R\O\
LO]W]
/XHS]
\
UVXWS]
M]QZRY\I]
CZ
LO]W]U\ V
U]ST\P
VWU]Y[T]P]
LXHS]
\
UVXWS]
TO]R]
M]WZKY[
\
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
WU]U\WU\HS\
[RY[W \P]QV
NX]T[
R]
\P
N[P[LYV
]O\
W]P[
V
WUX[J
KX[Q]
WU]Y[TY\S]

[RWU[
N[WO]Y\S]
CZ L[
VUTX<ZY[Q
PZX\
S[Q]
YZCZ
NXZT]M\O]M\U\
K\U\
\M]KX]Y[
LO]W[T\P]
\M
LXHSZ
]
WUT]XYZ
N[UXZKZ
!LLL"
[RWU[
LO]W[T\P]
\M
UVXWSZ
M]QZRY\IZ
!LLL" 0&
=[T]
RXE]T]
S[Q]
CZ
Y]WU]U\
N[UN\W\J

7
Q]TY\P
WOVEK]P]

[RWU[
M]N[WOZ
J T]FZP
WN[X]MVP]
K\CZ
WUT[XZY]
GU[
QZ
NXZ
Y\D
CZ
K\U\
/XI\
]

[RWU[
3VXI\ P[LVCZ
]
V
NZX\[RV
YZ
RVEZP
[R
UX\
PZ
WZI]
2[RX]MVPZT]
WZ
R]
CZ
[T]ST]
N[RZO]
K\U\ [R
UXZYVUS]
N[UN\W\T]F]
WN[X]MVP]
N[GU[T]Y]
Y]
WT\P
WUZNZY\P]
WOVEKZ
S[
J 0
ATZ
Y]TZRZYZ
U]HSZ
[T[L
AN[X]MVP]
O\
S[
L[R
QZ
U[
NX]SU\HY[
\MT[RB\T[ WP]UX]QV
WZ
UZPZBY\P
[RXZRK]P]
7WU]T]
7
N[RXVHQ\P]
\
Y]
PZWU\P]
Y]
S[Q\P]
NX\J ;ZNVKO\SZ
9\N]X
N]RY\I\
QZRYZ
Y]I\QZ
H\YZ
L[U[T[
]NW[OVUJ http://www.kibris.gen.tr/english/photos
/documents/zurich02.html
YV
TZC\YV
V
[XL]Y\P]
O[S]OYZ
TO]WU\
K\CZ
W]P[
NX\N]RY\I\
UZ
M]QZRY\IZ
!LLL"

2XZRWZRY\S
\
N[UNXZRWZRY\S
WV
[TO]G
J AXZR\Y[P
NX[GO[L
TZS]
[Q]H][
QZ
CZY\
R]
[N[M[TV
WPXUYV
NXZWVRV
[WV<Z
Y\
J [WO[
K[R\O]HS\
N[SXZU
S\N]XWS\D
I\P]
S[Q\
NX\N]R]QV
F\D[T[Q
M]QZRY\I\
!LLL" /XS]
S[Q\
WV
EZOZO\
R]
WZ
[WO[K[RZ
KX\J
6
7
MZPB\GY[Q
XZ+[XP\
MZPB]
CZ
NX\J U]YWSZ
VNX]TZ
Y]R
[WUXT[P
*VTZRZYZ
Q[G

L[R\YZ,
/ZX\OWS]
K[XK]
:@9?0 *VM
N]WU\
W]P[
NX\N]RY\I\P]
[YZ
M]QZRY\IZ
YZMT]Y\HYV
N[RXGSV
/XHSZ,
VWNZO]
QZ
R]
S[Q[Q
NX\N]R]
\
K\TG\
MZPB[N[WZRY\S
!LLL" N[R
X\QZ
KX\U]YWSV
TO]WU
?O\
S\N]XWS\
3VX
J
0
AN[X]MVP
S[Q\
Q]PH\
YZM]T\WY[WU
UZX\J I\
*S[QZ
QZ
N[RXE]T]O]
3VXWS],
K\O\
WV
NX[J
U[X\Q]OY\
\YUZLX\UZU
\
WUT]X]FZ
Y[TZ
S\
J U\T
VQZR\FZF]
W
/XHS[P
\
UX]E\O\
WV
N[
RZ
J
N]XWSZ
RXE]TZ
WSO[N\CZ
;ZNVKO\S]
9\
J OV
[WUXT]
=]
SX]QV
WV
LXHS\
\
UVXWS\
NXZP\J
N]X
/XHS]
1ZO\S]
.X\U]Y\Q]
\
3VXWS]
;Z
J QZX
9[YWU]YU\Y
9]X]P]YO\W
\
?RY]Y
-ZY
J
NVK
O\S]
9\N]X
/XHS]
\
3VXWS]
CZ
U]S[<Z RZXZW

+ZKXV]X]
6'6
L[R\YZ
V
)\X\DV
WSO[N\U\
\
T[QY\
WN[X]MVP N[UN\W]O\
S[PNX[P\WY\
VL[T[X
\
U]S[
N[
J
3]
RT]
WN[X]MVP]
CZ
\P]U\
WY]LV
VWU]T] WU]
T\O\
NX\YI\NZ
N[
S[Q\P]
CZ
+VYSI\[
Y\
J
*2[WOZRF]
U]HS]
[T[L
WN[X]MVP]
CZ
K\U\ W]
U\
YZM]T\WY]
RXE]T]
9\N]X
2[U[P
QZ
R[
J
YZU
VWU]T
\
N[UN\W]Y
Y\M
PZ<VY]X[RY\D
VL[
J
VYZU]
V
7WU]T
S][
QZR]Y
[R
[WY[TY\D
WU]T[J
T[X]
S[Q\P]
QZ
NXZRT\<ZY[
N[WU[Q]FZ
KX\J
T] , U]YWS\D
T[QY\D
K]M]
\
NX]T[
/XHSZ
\
3VXWSZ
00
>WSBVHZY[
QZ
N[UNVY[
\O\
RZO\P\HY[ R]
T[QY[
\YUZXTZY\GV
*AN[X]MVP
[
[WY\T]FV
VQZR\FZFZ
9\NX]
W]
K\O[
S[Q[P
RXVL[P \
AN[X]MVP
[
L]X]YI\Q]P],
\
M]DT]BVQVC\
RXE]T[P
S][
\
WZN]X]U\M]P
YZS[L
RZO] S[Q\P]
QZ
9\N]X
6
]TLVWU]
6&
L[R\YZ
N[
J
9\NX]
*U[
QZWU
N[RZO]
9\NX]
Y]
RTZ
YZM]
J WU][
YZM]T\WY]
RXE]T]
T\WYZ
RXE]TZ,
!LLL"
0
Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston *=]I\[Y]OY]
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]
S\N]XWS\D
K[X]I],
T\R\
IVJ&
\
IVJ
;
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
U]
P\WO\G
[
[RXZRK]P]
S[QZ
WZ 9]S[
3V<P]Y
KX]Y\
NX]T[
\
N[UXZKV
U\HV
N[O\U\HS[L
NXZRWU]TB]F]
[TZ WT]SZ
Y]I\QZ
R]
\P]
"Y]I\[Y]OYV
RTZ
M]QZRY\IZ5
WO[
K[RV!5
8]
O\
K\
N[
FZL[T[P
P\G
J
8]
O\
MY]G
M]
Q[G
YZS\
NX\PZX
WO\HY[L BZFV
H[TZH]YWUT[
P[LO[
R]
N[WU[Q\
\
N[O\U\HS[L
W\WUZP]5 KZM
N[WU[Q]F]
Y]I\QZ5
U]
U\
P\WO\G
[
U[Q
WUT]X\5
7N[XZR\
[T]Q
UZSWU
W]
UZSWU[T\P]
IJ'
IJ&
I=)/AQLP5MQI@PKQJNQ<PEP,NQ<PQGMQCP IJ
IJ&
IJ0
2X[Y]<\
Y]
S[QZ
WZ
]XLVPZY
J
JFPHPQKP;ODPQO@PQ?LPFMQKPQFEPJGOGI UZ
N[M\T]QV
N\WI\
WT\D
[T\D
UZSWU[T]
CL,PFIQ9B684:
I=))AQNHEPLP;ODPQMQKN<PFOJKMJGO
=\QZR]Y
Y]X[R
YZ
P[EZ
[RVWU]U\
[R
TO]W
J MJMFP
U\
U[L
\YUZXZW]
\
I\BZT]
QZX
K\
U[
MY]H\O[
[RVWU]U\
[R
E\T[U]
=]X[R\P]
N]HZ
Y\QZ AQ"CEIHPQ1HI?3GOKNQMJMFP
R[NVGUZY[
Y\
\MTXGZFZ
W]P[VK[QWUT]
Y\
J
U\
QZ
Y]R
F\P]
P[LVCZ
U]QY[
VP[XWUT[ ASVNGU\Y]
9[W[T]
F\D[T
SXTY\S
\O\
\MTXG\UZB
MO[H\Y]
Y]R 7WT]Q]
F\P]
VT\QZS
QZ
N[MY]U
V
N[T\QZWU\
=]X[R\
WV
YZM]PQZF\TZ
CZO\QZ
BVRWSZ
M]QZRY\IZ 8:9?;?)>47
@
=:?1>A=@A3>
\O\
K\C]
I\QZO[L]
H[TQZH]YWUT]
3]
WZ
H\
J 9@A@1?
FZ
Y\I]
YZ
P[EZ
Y\H\P
[WN[X\U\
K[L
U[
J
L]
K[XK]
M]
Y]I\[Y]OY\
[NWU]Y]S
M]
W]P[
J -\
RZP[SX]UWS\
\M]KX]YZ
T[<Z
Y]
J
[
RXZ
<ZFZ
\
WO[K[RV
Y]X[R]

Y\QZ
\
YZ
P[
J GZL
Y]X[R]
[T\P
NVUZP
NX[
LO]
G]
J
EZ
K\U\
MO[H\Y
!LLL" AT]S\
Y]X[R
KZM
[KM\J T]
P[
9[W[T[
YZM]T\WY[P
\
WVTZ
XZ
J
X]
Y]
U[
S[O\S[
[Y
K\[
TZO\S
\O\
P]OZY
\ Y[P
RXE]T[P
@T[
NX[LO]GZFZ
P]
S]S]T
[Y
K\[
\P]
NX\X[RY[
\
N[T\QZWY[ [RX]
E]T]
T[BV
Y]GZL
Y]X[R]
\
V
NX]T[
Y]
WT[QZ
PQZWU[
\
WVTZXZY\UZU
V
BVRJ N[U
NVY[Q
QZ
W]LO]WY[WU\
W]
NXZN[
XV
J
WS[Q
M]QZRY\I\
K]G
S][
\
H[TQZS
V
BVRWS[P S]
P]
WNZI\Q]OY[L
\M]WO]Y\S]
7QZ
R\
J
RXVGUTV
QZX
QZ
R[S]M]Y[
R]
QZ
U[
K\UY] FZ
Y\D
Y]I\Q]
-]XU\Q]
?DU\W]X\Q]
\
NXZUN[WU]TS]
M]
[NU\P]OY\
X]MT\U]S
WT\D W]
FZL[T\P
ATZ[KVDT]UY\P
NXZRO[J
\MT[X]
FZL[T\D
P]UZX\Q]OY\D
W\O]
\
WT\D L[P
M]
XZG]T]FZ
WU]UVW]
9[W[T]
FZL[T\D
RVD[TY\D
TX\QZRY[WU\
Y]
R[KX[
\
S[X\WU
FZL[TV
\
I\QZOZ
BVRWSZ
M]QZRY\IZ 0 -\
NX[LO]G]T]P[
9[W[T[
RZ
P[
SX]U
J
Za Hrvatsku
WUX
0 WS[P
O]\HS[P
\
PVOU\ZUY\HS[P
XZ
J
NV
KO\S[P
S[Q[P

XVS[T[RZ
Y]HZO]
X]F[
3V<P]Y
*600666,
\WU[
X\
H]X YZ
R\WSX\P\Y]I\QZ
\
N[RQZRY]SZ
M]
J
\
N[O\U\H]X
M]
TXZPZ
8XVL[L
WTZU
WS[L
GU\
UZ
NXZR
M]S[Y[P
-\
CZP[
GU\
J
X]U]
NX\N]R][
S[PVY\WU\HS[P
N[
SXZ
UV
[UN[J
X]
N[U[P
K\[
S[PVY\WU\HS\
+VYS
I\[YZX
U\
U\
\
NX[P[T\W]U\
NX]T]
WT\D
M]
J
3\U[T
XZE\P
L]
QZ
[WVR\[
Y]
T\
GZL[R\GF\ QZR
Y\I]
Y]
9[W[TV
\
WUT[X\U\
N[
J
M]UT[X
MK[L
Y]I\[Y]O\MP]
3V<
P]Y
QZ
Y] UXZK
YZ
VWO[TZ
M]
F\D[T[
RZ
O[
U
T[X
J
SX]QV
N[WU][
NXZRWZRY\S
RXE]TZ
%XT]UWSZ Y[
VHZGCZ
V
N[O\U\HS\P
NX[IZW\P]
*66666, \
NX[IZW\P]
[ROVH\T]F]
!LLL"
>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
9[W[T[
\WU\HZ
WT[QV
N[WTZCZY[WU W]P[VNX]TZ
Y]
9[W[TV
\
-ZU[D\Q\
[
NX[
LO]
J
P\XV
\
WU]K\OY[WU\
V
Y]GZP
XZL\[YV GZ
FV
QZRY[WUX]YZ
YZM]T\WY[WU\!
QVL[\WU[HYZ
:TX[NZ
=]G]
YZM]T\WJ
Y[WU
NX\T[R\
SX]QV
NX[IZW
Y]W\OY[L 2[Y\GU]T]QV
WZ
]SU\
\
X]RFZ
NX\
TXZ
J
X]WN]R]
4VL[WO]T\QZ
>]S[
QZ
[T]Q PZY\D
[XL]Y]
W]P[VNX]TZ
Y]
9[
W[
TV
\
NX[IZW
K\[
K[O]Y
P\
CZP[
YZVP[X
J -ZU[D\Q\
S[Q\P]
WZ
NX[
LO]
G]
T]
QZRJ
Y[
X]R\U\
S]S[
K\WP[
R[NX\YZO\ Y[WUX]Y]
YZM]T\WY[WU
QZX
Y]
XV
G]T]QV
N[P\XZFV
S[QZ
K\
[P[LVC\O[
QVL[\WJ WVTZXZY\UZU
\
UZX\U[X\
Q]O
YV
IZ
O[
J
U[HY[Q
:TX[N\
R]
NXZT]M\<Z
WVS[KZ SVNY[WU
;ZNVKO\SZ
AX
K\
QZ
M]QZPHZYV
\M
NX[GO[WU\
\
VWN[WU]T\
Y[TZ
TZMZ 7WU]T[P
;Z
NV
KO\
SZ
AX
K\
QZ
2[TZB[P
XZL\[Y]OYZ
W]X]RFZ
AU[L]
CZP[ 7QZR\FZY\D
Y]I\Q]
;Z
M[OVI\Q[P
X]R\U\
M]QZRY[
W]
Y]G\P
WVWZR\P] A]TZU]
KZMKZRY[WU\
7QZ
R\FZY\D
S]S[
K\WP[
Y]NXZR[T]O\
S]
M]QZRJ Y]I\Q]
0((
[R
666
L[
R\
YZ
\
RXVL\P
Y\HS[Q
ZTX[NWS[Q
KVRVCY[WU\
XZM[OVI\Q]P]
A]TZU]
KZM
KZRY[WU\
7QZR\FZY\D
Y]I\Q]
S][
\
T]EZC\P
=]X[H\U[
\MX]E]T]P[
EZBV
M] PZ<VY]X[RY\P
NX]
T[P
@T\
]SU\
\
VWN[
WU]TB]FZP
R[KX\D
[RY[W]
W] X]RFZ
NXZRWU]TB]QV
Y]W\OY[
\
QZRJ
WT\P
Y]G\P
WVWZR\P]
VSBVHVQVC\ Y[WUX]Y[
[UIZ
N
BZ
FZ
RZO]
UZX\U[X\J
;Z
NVKO\SV
AXK\QV
W]
S[Q[P
\P]P[ QZ
;Z
NVKO\SZ
AX
K\
QZ
\
M]U[
WV
RV
K[SZ
\WU[X\QWSZ
ZS[Y[PWSZ
\ YZT]EZC\
\
Y\
GU]T
Y\
@T\
]SU\
\
RXVG
UTZYZ
TZMZ
S[QZ
Y]WU[Q\P[
R]
J X]RFZ
YZ
NX[\MT[RZ
Y\
S]ST[
NX]TY[
BZ
R]
X]MT\Q]P[
V
KO\WS[Q
KV
RVC
Y[
J RZQWUT[
V
;Z
NV
KO\
I\
AXK\Q\
S][
Y\
\
WU\
=]WU]T\CZP[
R]
WZ
UXVR\P[
R] V
PZ
<V
Y]
X[RY[P
NX]T
Y[P
N[XZUSV
R[NX\YZWZP[
X]MT[QV
NX\Q]UZBWS\D 4ZR
Y[
WUX]Y[
[UIZ
N
BZFZ
RZO]
UZX\J
TZM]
\
W]X]RFZ
W]
;ZNVKO\S[P U[X\QZ
WVTZXZYZ
RX
E]TZ
NXZRWU]TB]
AXK\Q[P
NX[P[T\GVC\
N[P\XZFZ NX]T
Y[
Y]W\BZ
Y]R
;ZNVKO\S[P
Y]G\D
Y]X[R] AXK\Q[P
\
Y]W\BZ
Y]R
T]EZC\P
PZ<VY]X[RY\P
NX]
T[P
7
2X\GU\Y\

+ZKXV]X]
0
2XZRWZRY\S
ASVNGU\YZ
9[W[T] 0 1O]R]
;ZNVKO\SZ
AXK\QZ
\
[T[P
4]SVN
9X]WY\C\ [ROVS[P
N[UTX<VQZ
R]
QZ
?VU[Y[PY]
http://www.assembly-kosova.org/ N[
SX]Q\Y]
9[W[T[
\
-ZU[D\Q]
YZ
[UV
<\
J
NXZVMZU[
0. T\
RZ[
QZR\YWUTZY[L
\
YZRZB\T[L
VWU]TY[L
\
RXE]TY[NX]TY[L
N[XZUS]
$AQ"CEIHPQPLMCKNQJHI?3GOKN ;ZNVKO\SZ
AXK\QZ
Y]
[WY[TV
7WU]T]
!N?I7EOHNQ1L7ODN ;ZNVKO\SZ
AXK\QZ
\
2[TZBZ
7QZR\FZ
J
Y\D
Y]I\Q]
=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
;ZNVKO\SZ
AXK\QZ
Y]
WZRY\I\
2XT[L
T]YXZRY[L
M]WZR]F]
=]
X[R
J 7
.Z[LX]RV

+ZKXV]X]
0
YZ
WSVNGU\YZ
;ZNVKO\SZ
AXK\QZ
V
0
L[
J 2XZRWZRY\S
=]X[RYZ
WSVNGU\YZ
R\
Y\
[RXE]Y[Q

+ZKXV]X]
0
L[
R\YZ ;ZNVKO\SZ
AXK\QZ
R[YZO]
QZ
@ROVSV
[
N[UTX<\T]FV
@ROVSZ RX
@O\TZX
8VO\C
1O]
RZ
;ZNVKO\SZ
AXK\QZ
[
"N[Y\GU]T]FV http://www.parlament.gov.rs/
NX[U\TNX]TY\D
]S]U]
NX\TXZPZY\D
[XL]Y] NXZVMZU[
' 0 0.
7
A31?;?:
=?)>@=?=>%
8;?1?
=]
SX]QV
X]U]
Y]
9[W[TV
666 W[
T]
AXNWS]
TO]R]
QZ
(
+ZKXV]X]
9[W[T[
QZ
;ZM[OVI\Q[P
0((
A]
TZ
J 0
TZC
K\O]
R[YZO]
[ROVSV
S[Q[P
WZ
U]
KZMKZRY[WU\
7QZR\FZY\D
Y]I\Q]
WU]T
J N[
Y\GU]T]
[HZS\T]Y]
RZSO]X]I\Q]
[
S[
J
BZ
Y[
N[R
NX\TXZPZYV
VNX]TV
7=
\
R[
L[
J W[T
WS[Q
YZM]T\WY[WU\
]
UV
QZ
[ROVSV
T[
XZY[
QZ
R]
WZ
V
N[O\U\HS[P
NX[IZWV
VM N[UTXR\O]
ASVNGU\Y]
AXK\QZ

+ZKXV
J
N[
P[C
7=
[ROVH\
[
KVRVCZP
WU]UVWV
9[
J ]
X]
0
7
QVOV
0
L[R\YZ
-Z<VY]X[J
W[
T]
U[
QZWU
D[CZ
O\
N[WU]U\
YZM]T\WY[ RY\
WVR
NX]TRZ
V
%]LV
R[YZ[
QZ
W]TZU[J
\O\
CZ
[WU]U\
RZ[
AXK\QZ
=]S[Y
RVL\D R]TY[
P\GBZFZ
N[
S[PZ
NX[LO]GZFZP
NXZ
L[T[X]
WNZI\Q]OY\
\M]WO]Y\S
7= YZM]T\WY[WU\
9[W[T]
Y\QZ
NXZSXGZY[
-]XU\
?DU\W]X\
NXZRWU]T\[
QZ
A]TZUV PZ<VY]X[RY[
NX]T[
AQZR\FZYZ
?PZX\HJ
KZMKZRY[WU\
V
]NX\OV
0
N]SZU
NXZRJ SZ
8XE]TZ
TZC\Y]
MZP]B]
:TX[NWSZ
O[L]
S[Q\
QZ
[KVDT]U][
\
[RXZRKZ
M]
M]
G
J VY\QZ
\
('
NX[IZY]U]
RXE]T]
HO]Y\I]
U\
UV
P]F\Y]
\
Q]WYV
NXZN[XVSV
R]
9[
W[
J 7=
NX\MY]OZ
WV
YZM]T\WY[WU
9[W[T]
T[
N[WU]YZ
YZM]T\WY[
N[R
Y]RM[X[P
PZ
J R[S
WV
RXVLZ
RXE]TZ
VSBVHVQVC\
\
'
<V
Y]X[RYZ
M]QZRY\IZ
@T]Q
NXZRO[L
WV HO]Y\I]
:7
[RK\OZ
R]
U[
VX]RZ
=[T\
NX\DT]U\O\
NXZRWU]TY\I\
S[W[TWS\D NXZL[T[X\
[
UZDY\HS\P
N\U]F\P]
\MPZJ
?OK]
Y]I]
AXK\
WV
L]
[RK]I\O\
\
N[
WU]
J <V
NXZRWU]TY\S]
WXNWS\D
\
S[W[TWS\D
X]
O\
WZ
R]
YZ
KVRZ
VWT[QZY
V
A]TZUV
KZM
J \YWU\UVI\Q]
M]N[HZO\
WV
0
L[R\YZ
KZRY[WU\
M]DT]BVQVC\
NX[U\TBZFV
;V
J
W\
QZ
S[Q]
\P]
NX]T[
TZU]
4[G
QZRY]
XVY
J 2[SVG]Q
R]
Y]TZRZG
UX\
]XLVPZYU]
V
R]
NXZL[T[X]
S[QV
QZ
M]DUZT][
LZYZX]OY\ S[X\WU
YZM]T\WY[WU\
9[W[T]
\
UX\
WZSXZU]X
]
NXZRT[R\O]
UX[QS]
9[YU]SU ]XLVPZYU]
V
S[X\WU
WU]T]
R]
9[W[T[
LXVNZ
M]TXG\O]
WZ

RZIZPKX]
0
\ UXZK]
R]
[WU]YZ
RZ[
AXK\QZ
Y\QZ
R[TZO]
R[
WN[X]MVP]
[
WU]UVWV
9[
J 9]S]T
QZ
K\[
WU]T
UT[QZ
MZPBZ
NXZP]
W[
T]
9[W[TS]
ASVNGU\Y]
S[QV
QZ
K[QS[
J YZM]T\WY[WU\
9[W[T]5
9[Q\
WV
K\O\
U[
T]O[

WXNWS\D
N[WO]Y\S]
VWT[Q\O] X]MO[M\
M]
U[5
9]S]T
QZ
K\[
WU]T
QZ

+ZKXV]X]
0
\
U[
LO]W[T\P] :TX[NWSZ
VY\QZ
NXZP]
YZM]T\WY[WU\
WT\D
6
NX\WVUY\D
N[WO]Y\S]
QZRY[
J 9[W[T]5
U]
MY]G
[
-Z<VY]X[RY[P
WUX]
YV
8ZSO]X]I\QV
[
YZM]T\WY[WU\
9[
J I\T\OY[P
NXZRWU]TY\SV
M]
9[W[T[
*ICR,5

P?PQ) :TX[N]
N[WOZ
I WTZUWS[L
X]U]
6
!&"Q-"&

LNN5NQKP;OMKPEKNQCL,PFN
1ZC\Y]
Y[T[Y]WU]O\D
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
WV[H]T]O]
WZ
W
\WU\P
R[WU]
[MK\BY\P
NX[KOZP\P]
[R
S[Q\D
QZ
NXT\
WT]S]S[
K\O[
N\U]FZ
RZ+\Y\W]F]
Y[TZ
RXE]TYZ
WUXVSUVXZ
\
FZY\D
PZD]Y\M]P]
7
U[P
NX[IZWV
WV
VWU]T\
Y]X]TY[
[R
SBVHY[L
MY]H]Q]
]O\
N[XZR
NX]TY[L
[ST\X]
S[PNO\S[T]Y[
QZ
\
N\U]FZ
S[YSXZUYZ
\MLX]RFZ
\YWU\UVI\Q]
=[TZ
N[O\U\HSZ
ZO\UZ
WV
WZ
UXVR\OZ
R]
Y]
NX]SU\H]Y
Y]H\Y
S[PK\YVQV
M]N]RF]HSZ
P[RZOZ
W]
O[S]OY\P
\
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
UX]R\J
I\Q]P]
\
\YUZXZW\P]
>]S[
QZ
K\O[
Y]WU[Q]F]
R]
WZ
WUT[XZ
XZNVKO\SZ
U[S[P
XIX TZS]
WTZ
Y[TZ
RXE]TZ
QVL[\WU[HYZ
:TX[NZ
WV
K\OZ
P[Y]XD\QZ
V
YZS\P]
WV
TO]R]O\
O[S]OY\
SYZEZT\
*)XY]
/[X]
AXK\Q],
V
RXVL\P]
SYZEZT\
W]
]N]R]
*/XHS]
;VPVY\Q]
.VL]XWS]
?OK]Y\Q],
AU]FZ
WZ
NX[PZY\O[
UZS
N[
M]TXGZUSV
2XT[L
WTZUWS[L
X]U]
S]R]
WV
Y[TZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
S][
\
YZSZ
WU]XZ
[R]KX]OZ

\O\
K\OZ
NX\P[X]YZ
R]
[R]KZXV

XZNVKO\S]YWS\
[KO\S
TO]R]T\YZ
2[S]M]O[
WZ
R]
QZ
NVU
S]
VWU]TY[P
T\GZN]XU\QWS[P
\
V
M]R[T[B]T]QVC[Q
PZX\
RZP[SX]UWS[P
N[O\U\HS[P
W\WUZPV
\MVMZUY[
UZE]S
\
UXY[T\U
R]
L]
R[R]UY[
[UZE]T]QV
X\L\RY[WU
RXVGUT]
NX\TXZRY]
\
SVOUVXY]
M][WU]O[WU
S][
\
]VU[X\U]XY]
UX]R\I\Q]
\
[K\H]Q\
2\U]FZ
RXE]TB]YWUT]
K\O[
QZ
\MVMZUY[
[WZUB\T[
=[TZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
Y\WV
K\OZ
Y\
ZUY\HS\
Y\
TZXWS\
D[P[LZYZ
@W\P
U[L]
V
P[RZXY[P
WTZUV
PY[L\
MY]H]QY\
N[SXZU\
NXZS[X]HVQV
RXE]TYZ
LX]Y\IZ
]
WU]Y[TY\GUT[
WZ
WTZ
T\GZ
PZG]
K[L
X]MY\D
NXZRX]WVR]
\
X]MO\H\U\D
\YUZXZW]
[RXZ<ZY\
BVR\
\
LXVNZ
BVR\
WV
\YUZLX\W]Y\
V
RXVGUT[
\O\
\WSBVH\T]Y\
\M
FZL]
PZD]
J
Y\MP\
M]
U[
WV
X]MO\H\U\
]
WZEV
[R
N[WU]TB]F]
NX]TY\D
[LX]Y\HZF]
R[
NX]SU\HY\D
[KO\S]
R\WSX\P\Y]I\QZ
7
N\U]FV
WV
TZ[P]
WO[EZY\
NX[IZW\#
R]T]FZ
NVY\D
NX]T]
TZXWS\P
\
ZUY\HS\P
P]F\Y]P]
HZWU[
QZ
K\O[
XZMVOU]U
NX\U\WS]
WUX]Y\D
W\O]
N[WOZ
HZL]
QZ
VPZ[
R]
VWOZR\
M]P]D
SWZY[+[K\HY\D
[WZC]F]
N]
\
EZWU[S\
WVS[K\
\
WUX]R]F]
V
SX\MY\P
TXZPZY\P]
=[TZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
WV
K\OZ
WO]KZ
\
YZWU]K\OYZ
8]
K\
[NWU]OZ
P[X]OZ
WV
R]
\MLX]RZ
HTXWUZ
\YWU\UVI\QZ
\
R]
WZ
P[RZXY\MVQV
3[
QZ
N[RX]MVPZT]O[
\
\MLX]RFV
RZO[UT[XYZ
]RP\Y\WUX]I\QZ
\
N[VMJ
R]Y[L
T[QY[L
W\WUZP]
[NGU\D
M]S[Y]
\
PZX]
XZWUXVSUVX\W]FZ
IXSTZ
Y]
Y]I\[Y]OY[Q
[WY[T\
N]
\
\MLX]RFV
EZOZMY\I]
AUT]X]FZ
Y]I\QZ
Y\QZ
[LX]Y\HZY[
Y]
\YWU\UVI\QZ
\
\Y+X]WUXVSUVXV
TZC
N[RX]MVPZT]
\
NX[IZW
]SVOUVX]I\QZ
2[R
VU\I]QZP
[NGUZL
[KX]M[T]F]
VHZY\D
RXVGU]T]
\
X]MO\H\U\D
[KO\S]
SVOUVXY\D
PZR\Q]
BVR\
WV
NX[PZY\O\
Y]H\Y
X]MP\GB]F]
OZL\U\P\O\W]O\
Y[TZ
N[O\U\HSZ
W\WUZPZ
Y]TZO\
N[QZR\YIZ
\
RXVGUTZYZ
LXVNZ
R]
WZ
\RZYU\+\SVQV
W
Y[T[P
Y]I\[Y]OY[P
RXE]T[P
IIPAQ"?3GOQPJ?NHGOQCL,PFKNQML>PKO<P;ODN
II=BAQP;LGQIJGPFPQO<Q?NLPQ!O>NQMCQNLN
9B060:
+LFH:A<>J7J TZXZ
[Y]
X]MO\H\UZ
TZXZ
YZ
N[WP]UX]
W
YZNX\Q]UZBWUT[P
[Y]
QZ
YZRZB\T]
VNXS[W
">KGL(L%ZOZYWS] XZNVKO\S]
QZ
QZR\YWUTZJ XZS]P]
\
P[X\P]
S[Q\
X]MRT]Q]QV
FZYZ
Y]
IZO\Y]
S[Q]
[KVDT]U]
X]MO\H\UZ
X]WZ
\ HTXWU[
N[TZM]YZ
MZPBZ
9[X\WU\P[
XZH
DZOZYWS\
VPZWU[
LXHS\
M]U[
GU[
;\L]
YZ
P\WO\
Y]
RXE]TV
/XS]
TZC
Y]
RXE]TV
S[Q]
K\
K\O]

Y]R]DYVU]
SO]W\HY\P
N[O\U\HS\P
\RZ]O\P]
@W\P
U[L]
W]P
;\L]
V
WT[Q\P
UZSWU[T\P]
S[X\WU\
\MX]M
%ZOZY\
\
%ZO]R]
]
YZ
/XI\
\
/XHS]
\O\
;[PZQ\
S][
GU[
QZ
U[
K\[
WOVH]Q
S[R
VHZY\D
BVR\
\M
FZL[T[L
TXZPZY]
*T\R\
Y]
NX\PZX
UZSWU[TZ
IJ'
\
IJ,
1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
+L:I?H>JLGKFI?K Y]G[Q
MZPB\
\
VE\T]
\WU]
NX]T]
S][
\
WT\
">KGLL %ZOZYWS\
Y]X[R
U[
QZWU
WT\
WU]
Y[T
J FZY\
RXE]TB]Y\
Rigas
WUX
('J(
Y\I\
[TZ
RXE]TZ
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
TZX[\WN[
J
TZWU
\
QZM\S
N[RZBZY\
WV
V
QZR\Y\IZ
V
S[Q\J @T[
WV
[RO[PI\
\M
VWU]T]
S[Q\
QZ
6
P]
N[WU[Q\
O[S]OY]
TO]WU
S]S[
K\
W]P\
P[
J L[R\YZ
Y]N\W][
;\L]
[R
ZXZ
LO\
W[K[P
R]
VNX]TB]QV
MY]H\
[Y\
WZ
V *'6,
QZR]Y
[R
Y]QMY]H]QY\Q\D
NXZRJ
WT]
S[Q
N[SX]Q\Y\
[SVNB]QV
R]
K\
\MX]M\O\ WU]TY\S]
LXHSZ
NX[WTZCZY[WU\
2[R
VU\I]J
WT[QZ
P\GBZFZ
[
WT]S[P
NX[KOZPV
!LLL" QZP
+X]YIVWS[L
XZT[OVI\[Y]XY[L
VWU]T]
\M
6
L[R\YZ
[Y
/XI\P]
Y]M\T]
WTZ
[YZ
S[Q\
+L:FKBAL?F5KB/KGEDBK E\TZ
V
XZNVKO\I\
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
TZXV
\
QZM\S
\
[SVNB]QV
WZ
R]
K\
R[Y[W\O\
[ROVSZ
">KGLL8XE]TB]Y\Y
QZ
WT]S]
[W[K]
WU]X\Q] [
M]QZRY\HS\P
WUT]X\P]
;\LV
QZ
VD]NW\O]
[R
0
L[R\YZ
S[Q]
WZ
X[R\O]
\
E\T\
V
[T[Q ]VWUX\QWS]
N[O\I\Q]
[NUVEZY
QZ
M]
S[T]FZ
WVTZXZY[Q
RXE]T\
M]TZXZ
\
NXZR]U
UVXWS\P
TO]WU\P]
S[QZ
WV
J
AT]S\
WUX]Y]I
WU]X\Q\
[R
0
L[R\YZ
S[Q\
QZ L]
QVY]
6
L[R\YZ
N[LVK\OZ
V
.Z[LX]RV
V
MZPB\
E\TZ[
T\GZ
[R
L[R\YV
R]Y]
\
W]P
WZ
\MRXE]T]
U]S[<Z
QZ
RXE]TB]Y\Y
!LLL"
J
AT]S[
S[
WZ
WOVE\
W]TXZPZY\P
\O\
WU]X[J 9[
K\
N[
P\GBZFV
]VU[X]
UXZK]O[
LXHS\P
QZM\S[P
\
N[P]EZ
%ZO]R\
H]S
\
]S[ R]
KVRV
RXE]TB]Y\
DZOZYWSZ
XZNVKJ
E\T\
Y]
RXVL[P
SX]QV
WTZU]
*QZX
DZOZYWS[ O\SZ5
9]S]T
QZ
WU]T
V
N[LOZRV
NX]T]
WZ
WZPZ
NX[WVO[
Y]
[KZ
DZP\W+ZXZ,
QZWUZ LX]<]YWUT]
NXZP]
/XI\P]
S[Q\
E\TZ
V
%ZOZY
\
RXE]TB]Y\Y
[TZ
RXE]TZ /XHS[Q
\
[Y\P]
S[Q\
E\TZ
V
\Y[WUX]Y
J
J
AT]S\
DX\GC]Y\Y
S[Q\
YZ
P[X]
L[T[X\U\
WUTV5
9[Q]
WV
NX]T]
\
[K]TZMZ
NXZR
T\
<Z
J
LXHS\
\O\
WU]X[LXHS\
]O\
N[P]EZ
%ZO]R\ Y\
M]
WUX]YIZ5
;]ML[T]X]Q
[
[RY[WV
QZWUZ
FZY
RXE]TB]Y\Y \MPZ
<V
RXE]TB]YWUT]
\
TZXZ
V
[T[P
J
9[Y]HY[
WT]S\
WUX]Y]I
M]
S[QZL
RXE]TY] Y]IXUV
VWU]T]
9[Q\
WV
FZL[T\
ZOZPZYU\
VNX]T]
WP]UX]
R]
QZ
R[WU[Q]Y
R]
KVRZ
WU]
J \YWN\X\W]Y\
X]YIVWS[P
XZT[OVI\Q[P5
Y[T
Y\S
Y]GZ
R[P[T\PZ
Y]
NX\PZX
YZS\
R[
J 7N[XZR\
[T]Q
UZSWU
W]
R[L]<]Q\P]
S[Q\
WV
K]X
M]Y]UO\Q]
TXZRY\
VH\UZB
\O\
M]WOVE
J VWOZR\O\
NXZP]
UZSWU[T\P]
IIJ
\
Y\
N]UX\[U]
WP]UX]
WZ
R[KX[R[GO\P
V IIJ0
II=4AQ&MFMLQ$M,NQ&LIDNFOPQKPQ?LFM@ VWU]Y[TBZFZ
M]S[Y]
\
LR\
QZ
R[KX[
VXZ
<Z
J
<PJNCP5IQ-LPFOGN+JGFIDI32N>QJMFDNGP Y]
TO]WU
N[R
M]S[Y[P
UV
QZ
WT[K[R]
UV
QZ
9B8.%: T[BY[WU
]
LR\
QZR]Y
\O\
T\GZ
N[
WT[Q[Q
T[B\
M]N[TZR]QV
M]S[Y
YZ
WOVG]QV
Y[
[Y[
!LLL" -\
R]
N[R\LYZP[
\
R]
R[KX[
VUTXR\P[
V GU[
D[CZ
H\YZ#
UV
QZ
VPXZ[
T\O]QZU
\
YZP]
AXK\Q\
[T]
RT]
X]R]
*NX\YI\N],#
X]MVP
\ WO[K[RZ
YZP]
W\LVXY[WU\
YZP]
R[KX]
TZC
NX]TRV
\
R]
\D
R[KX[
VSXZN\P[
W
IZO[P
Y]
J QZ
[YR]
NVWU]\OVS
\
]QRVSOVS
*KZM]S[FZ
\
G[P
WY]L[P
R]
WZ
WT]S]
W\O]
\
WY]L]
F\P] W]P[T[B]
X]MK[QY\GUT[,
W]P[
N[R
RXVL\P
N[S[X\
>
[T]Q
PVRX\
\
NX]TZRY\
M]S[Y
R] \PZY[P
!LLL"
Y]P
NXT\
L[WN[R]X
\
M]N[TZRY\S
KVRZ
@Y A\LVXY[WU

E\T[U]
0
\P]F]
\

H]WU\
R]
M]N[TZR]
L[WN[R]X\P]
T[QT[R]P]
A[T
J WT]
S\
R]
\
[Y[
RZUZ
S[QZ
WZ
Q[G
X[R\O[
Y\
QZ
QZUV
WTZGUZYWUTV
TO]R\S]P]
\
WT]
S[
PZ \GUZ
[R
M]N[TZRY\S]
\
]S[
N[LO]T]X
F\
P]
P]O[PV
\
TZO\S[PV
@Y
CZ
Y]W
KX]Y\U\
\ WT\P]
E\T[U
\P]FZ
\
H]WU
W]HVT]U\
YZ
CZ
WT[K[RV
\
T[BY[WU
W]HVT]U\ \O\
YZ
P[EZ
Y\QZ
R[WU[Q]Y
N[LO]T]X
K\U\
/RZ
QZ
R[KX]
S[YWU\UVI\Q]
UQ
LR\
QZ
R[KX[ 8XVL]
RVEY[WU
N[LO]T]X]
QZWUZ
[WT[K[R\J
<
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
U\
YZ[WT[K[ERZYZ
\
WT[K[RV
T\O]ZUWSV T]G]
WTZUO[WU
YZ
N[MY]QZ
UZ
Y\S]S[
W]
HVT]U\
QZXK[
Y]P
QZ
V
WT[K[R\
RT]NVU AT\
VMX[I\
[T[L]
YZM]R[T[BWUT]
L[U[T[
K\
P\[
\
WO]R]S
E\T[U
AT[K[R]
Y]W
X]M
OV
H]
J WZ
P[LO\
V
RT]
LO]TY]
XZR]
X]MRZO\U\
>O\
T]
[R
MTZX[T]
\
X[K
L[X\
QZ
[R
MTZX]
QZXK[ WV
BVR\
YZM]R[T[BY\
M]U[
GU[
YZ
W]P[
GU[
H[TZSV
X[KV
[Y[
WZ
[RVM\P]
GU[
L]
H\Y\ YZ
P[LV
NXZP]
WT[PZ
P[LVCWUTV
N[
WT[Q[Q
H[TZS[P
.[BZ
QZ
YZ
E\TZU\
YZL[
V
N[
L]
J T[B\
E\TZU\
YZL[
GU[
Y\S[
Y\QZ
W\LVX]Y
Y\
Y[P
X[NWUTV
K\U\
AT[K[R]
!LLL" Y]W
BVR\P] W]
WT[Q\P
E\T[U[P
Y\
W
N[GUZFZP
*HZGCV,
H\Y\

WT[K[R]
\
T[BY[WU
R]QZ
T[QY\SV Y\U\
QZ
L[WN[R]X
[R
WT[L]
K[L[R]
Y[
L]
\
W
Q]S[WU
T[QT[R]P]
\
N[LO]T]X\P]
PVRX[WU NX]TR[P
\
W
UXVR[P
WUZHZY[L]
\P]
F]
\O\
\
NX]T[WVR\QZ
*NX]T\OY[
X]WV<\T]FZ,
7 M]U[
GU[
WZ
M]
[NGUV
N[OMV
YZ
WU]
X]
\
YZ
WT[K[RY[Q
MZPB\
V
N[BV
K[BZ
X[R\
\ X]R\
[Y]S[
S][
GU[
K\
*N[
F\[T[P
PFZY\QV,
P]XT]
WZ
K[BZ
NO[R\
OZN
WZ
DOZK
QZRZ
\ UXZK]O[
\
P[LVCZ
K\O[
!LLL"
R[KX[
T\Y[
N\QZ
4ZRY[P
XZHQV
LR\
YZP]
WT[J @NZU
Y]
SX]US[
R]
S]EZP#
W
TO]R]FZP
T]
GZ
WTZUO[WU\
GJCIL U]P[
Y\QZ
M]R[T[B]Y
]P]
K[RZ
UV
YZP]
E\T[U]
*H@IKFJ
WUX
06'J06 K]G GJCI
[W\P
T]G]
RT]
W\Y]
]
\
[Y\
R]
WV
P]O[
WU]X\Q\
P[EZK\U\
R]
K\
K\O\
YZM]
R[
J
T[BY\
S][
P]S]X
S[
RXVL\
\
GU[
WZ
L[R
S[
.[E]
/XVQZT\C
*3Z[R[X
\O\N[T\C, H\Y\
M]R[T[BY\Q\P
\
HZGCZ
T\HZ#
"8]
K[L
AXK\Y
\M
-]<]XWSZ
E\TZ[
V
;VW\Q\ E\T\
L[WN[R]X]
7
MRX]TBV
T]
GZ
PV
L[WN[J
LRZ
QZ
N[WU][
VY\TZXM\UZUWS\
NX[+ZW[X
V R]XV!
[Y
QZ
YZM]R[T[BY\Q\
N]
WZ
W]P[
NXZ
U
J
%]X
S[TV
7
QZWZY
(
L[R\YZ
NX\RXVE\[
WZ T]X]
R]
K\
YZM]R[T[BWUT[
WT[QZ
N[SX\[
!LLL"
WXNWS[Q
RZOZL]I\Q\
VWU]Y\S]
S[Q]
QZ
[U\GO]
V =]QNXZ
CV
R]
S]EZP
S][
M]
NX]T\O[
N[
S[
PZ
A]YSU
2ZUZXKVXL
R]
UX]E\
N[P[C
\
N[RXGSV CZ
P\
WZ
[
WTZPV
[WU]O[P
WVR\U\
P[C\
?KL=H
[R
;VW\QZ
-]XU]
'
L[R\YZ
R[G][
V 9KLEBKCI;KLB>K?KI7KL:FKBKL:I>9KLEK@ILIGI6
AXK\QV
LRZ
QZ
VHZWUT[T][
V
WUT]X]FV
TO]RZ 0DIL=HL:I>H9GILJL9KL4H;IBLGKFI?LKL0DIL=HL;I?
NXT\D
\YWU\UVI\Q]
Y[TZ
RXE]TZ
\
K\[
HO]Y 4H;IBI@HL GKFI?AL GKL 0DHDA6L IGIL GJL 4H@A
2X]T\UZBWUTVQVGHZL
W[TQZU]
*NXTZ
TO]RZ, GJCKCILGHL@I5HL<JDJLGKL:FKBAL:I>9A
!LLL"

1]B]O[
K\
R]U\
Y]X[RV
:FKBJ7A
\O\
S][
U]
QZ
L[T[XY\S
DUZ[
R]
N[XVH\5 GU[
WZ
R]Y]W
V
:TX[N\
[K\HY[
L[T[X\
CIGL2
U]
P\WO\G
[
N[WOZRF[Q
UTXRF\ 0DJLDA7J=A
4]
[TRZ
YZ
P\WO\P
S[YGU\
UV
I\QV
+X]YIVWSV
\O\
]YLO\QWSV
\O\
Y[TV
LXHSV
S[QV
\MY[W\5
YZ
L[
[R
NX\O\SZ
?KL EHL I?FH?JL GK8JGL :FKL2
BJLDH/EDBKLJL:FKBJDH/EDBIL?KLEHL:IEDKBJ
II=/AQ-OJ@MQIHPQPLPOPQHKN<I ?KLEHLEBKCI@L8IBHCALIEJ;AFKL5JLBID6LJ@K4H
OEM3IQ"7LNKMFOIQ9B8/4: JL8HED6L?KLEBKCLEBI=L:IEKILCI=JLGJCI;LGJ=HLGK
0DHDA6L @I5HL FK?JDJL :IL EBI=I=L BI/JL JL :I
ZPVY
0(
]NX\O
0 EBI=I=L BI/JL 5JBHDJL ?KL EBKCJL 8IBHCL 9GK6
1]G]
WTZUO[WU\
0DKL@ALBK/KL8JGJDJ6L?KLEHLGHL<I=JLGJDJLBKE6
2XZP\O[WU\T\
L[WN[R]XV
!LLL" GJDJLJCI;KL?FA;I;KL?KLGJCILGJCI;KLGHL@I5H
>WU\Y]
QZ
[Y[
GU[
WV
Y]G\
WU]X\
S]M]O\
R] GKLEJ>ALGKDHFKDJL?KL;KLE>A5JL?KLEHLDBF?I
Y\S[
YZ
P[EZ
IZO[P
WTZUV
S[O]H]
Y]PZW\U\ 9GKL CI=JL =HL 8JGIBGJCL EDKFJ=J6L CI=JL >JL =H
]O\
W
R]Y]GF\P
TO]R]FZP
1]GZ
ATZU
O[
WU\ @>KJL?KLEHL<H9L:FKBI;LA9FICKLJL<H9LEA?K
L[U[T[
K\
WZ
V
WSVNV
P[LO[
XZC\
R]
GJCI GHL @I5HL 8JGIBGJCL GJL J9L E>A5<HL JEDHFKDJ6
U]P[
Y\QZ
M]R[T[B]Y
S]R
K\
WZ
U[
N]S
WU]O[ GJLDJL GKL DFK;L AL @K4JL 8JGL :IBFKDJDJL ?KL EH
R]BZ
X]MLX]F]T]U\
\
X]MRZB\T]U\
[YR]
K\ GJLCIL GHL @I5HL GKDHFKDJL ?KL EHL :FIDJBL EBI=H
WZ
Y]GO[
R]
WV
Y]QYZM]R[T[BY\Q\
[Y\
H\
Y[T
J BI/HL :FJ@JL CKCHL E>A5<HL JL ?KL EBKCJL 8JL2
Y\I\
S[Q\
WV
Y]QKO\EZ
\
Y]QHZGCZ
[S[
T]GZ GIBGJC6L CK?L @AL <A?HL BI/K6L @I5HL E>A5<A
WTZUO[WU\
\
Y]QM]R[T[BY\Q\
[Y\
BV
R\
S[QZ IEDKBJDJ3!LLL"
6E
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
4]
P\WO\P#
UZGS[
[Y[PZ
TO]R][IV
S[Q\
M] II=)AQ 1L?JHOQ IJGPFQ O<Q B8/%AQ >MCOKNQ #
U[
RXE\
P[PSZ
\
W[OR]UZ
\
L]XRV
R]
L]
HV
J JGLIHGILPQFEPJGO
T]QV
[R
FZL[T]
Y]X[R]
1O]R][IV
UXZK]
R]
QZ
Y]QTZC]
[KX]Y]
V
FZL[T[Q
MZPB\
Y]
X[R
Y] 06
9F]M
AXKWS\
P[X]
K\U\
X[<ZY\
\O\
BVK]T
M]R[T[BY[WU
W
FZL[T\P
TO]
R]FZP NX\X[<ZY\
AXK\Y
\
NX]T[WO]TY[L]
T[W
U[H
J
\
VTZXZFZ
R]
PV
*UQ
Y]X[RV,
N[
WPXU\
FZ
L[
J Y[
L]
TQZX[\WN[TZR]F\]
>WU[L
TZX[\WN[
TZ
J
T[Q
W]P[
L[XZ
P[EZ
K\U\
]
K[BZ
Y\S]S[
R] R]
F\]
P[X]QV
K\U\
9F]L\F]
\
EZYZ
HOZY[J
YZ
P[EZ
T]
+]P\O\QZ
9F]EZWSZ
?,
8]Y]W
V
AXK\Q\
NX]T\UZBWUT]
V
NX]T[PZ ('
8XE]TY\
A[TQZU
AXKWS\
Y]QT\G]
QZ
TO]WU
WP\WOV
[TZ
XZH\
YZP]
Y\S]ST[L]
YZL[
WUZ V
AZXK\Q\
R[
9F]M]
IZO[
NX]T\UZBWUT[
T\
W]P\#
S]R
WUZ
T\
V (&
8XE]TY\
A[TQZU
HVT]
R]
Y\S]S]T
AXK\Y
9X]LVQZTIV
\
NX]T\UZBWUT[
QZ
V
9X]LVQZTIV S[L
PV
RX]L[
H\Y]
YZN[TXZR\
\
YZY]XVG\
S]R
WUZ
T\
V
2[E]XZTIV
\
[Y[
QZ
V
2[
E]
XZT
J VWU]T]
SF]EZWUT]
AXK\QZ
IV
S]R
WUZ
T\
V
3[NH\RZXV
\
[Y[
QZ
V
3[N
H\
J (
8XE
A[TQZU
P[UX\
\
HVT]
R]
WZ
Y\
Y]QP]
J
RZXV
S]R
WUZ
T\
Y]
NVUV
\
[Y[
QZ
Y]
NVUV
] FZP
AXK\YV
YZH\Y\
S]ST]
KVR
YZNX]TR]
]
R]
T\
WVUX]
W]HVT]Q
K[EZ
VPXZUZ
*S[QZ
QZRJ LR\
L[R
K\
[N]M\[
R]
WZ
H\Y\
]
[Y
CZ
N[D\J
Y[P
P[X]
K\U\,
VPXO[
K\
\
NX]T\UZBWUT[ U]U\
\
V
R[L[T[XV
W
9F]M[P
VSO[Y\U\
\WUV
N]
[YR]
S[
K\
K\[
Q]H\
[Y]Q
\
WU]X\Q\ YZNX]TRV
.,
9]R
K\
WZ
V
AXK\Q\
NX]T\UZBWUT[
N[
WU]
J 6
2[
WT[Q
AZXK\Q\
XVS[T[R\CZ
WZ
NX]T[J
T\O[
[YR]
K\
AXK\Q]
R[K\O]
NX\WU[QY[
\ WVR\QZ
QZRY]S[
\
N[
QZRY[P
M]S[Y\SV
AXK
J
YVEY[
N[TZXZFZ
\
S[R
RXE]T]
\
S[R
NX\J
WS[P
S[Q\
CZ
WZ
S]S[
M]
LX]<]YWSZ
N]XY\IZ
T]UY\
BVR\
QZX
K\
NX]T\UZBWUT[
Y]QNXZ U]S[
\
M]
SX\T\IZ
\
MO[H\YWUT]
GU[
WS[X\QZ
R[KX[
X]MP\WO\O[
GU]
CZ
[KXZC\
\O\
VH\
J Q]TY[
\MR]U\
\
WVR[T\P]
NXZRN\W]U\
Y\
U\
]
S]R
K\
GU[
[KXZSO[
\O\
VH\Y\O[
AVR\Q]
YZ
M]T\W\
V
\MX\I]FV
WT[QZ
NXZJ
[Y[
L]
K\
WZ
UTXR[
RXE]O[
N[
[Y[Q
Y]X[RY[Q WVRZ
Y\
[U
S[L]
V
AZXK\Q\
R[
[R
M]S[Y\S]
NX\N[TZWU\
"I]XWS]
WZ
YZ
N[X\HZ! AXK
WS[L
Y\S]ST]
Y\
TZC]
Y\
P]F]
TO]WU
1,
=]QPVRX\Q\
TO]R]O]I
S[Q\
QZ
P]S]X
WTZ !LLL" YZ
\P]
NX]T]
[UTX]U\U\
L]
[R
U[L]
\O\
TXZPZ
WT[QZ
PO]R[WU\
NX[TZ[
VHZC\
WZ
TO]J M]N[TZR\U\
PV
R]
RXVLH\QZ
WVR\
!LLL"
R]U\
[NZU
YZ
P[EZ
S][
GU[
UXZK]
EK@ RX
J 0
ASVNGU\Y]
Y]X[RY]
W]WU[Q\
WZ
\M
WU[
E]
T[P
VNX]TB]U\
QZR\Y[
M]U[
GU[
QZ
M] Y]Q[R]KX]Y\Q\D
Y]QX]MVPY\Q\D
Y]QN[GUZY\J
QZR
Y[L
H[TZS]
UZGS[
\
QZRY[L]
P]O[L
WZO] Q\D
\
N[TZXZY\Q]
Y]X[RY[L
V
Y]QTZCZP
WUZJ
EBJ@LN[WO[T\P]
VNX]TB]U\
S][
GU[
UXZK] NZYV
M]WOVEVQVC\*D,
RZNVU]U]
\M
WT\D
]
S]P[
O\
H\U]T[P
MZPB[P
\
Y]X[R[P
RXV
J [SXVEQ]
\
WTZL]
9F]EZWUT]
AXK\QZ
L[
GU[
"HZU\X\
[S]
K[BZ
T\RZ
YZL[
RT]
] 4[T\H\C
WUX
(J(6
UXZ
CZ
GU[
QZ
Y]QPVRX\Q\
\
Y]QVHZY\Q\
TO]
R]
J
O]I
[NZU
8IBHC
N[RO[E]Y
WT\P
WUX]WU\P]
\
WO]
K[WU\P]
BVRWS\P
N]
K\
P[L][
V
BV
U\
Y\ II=%AQ !I@IKJHOQ IJGPFQ O<Q B8**AQ >MCOKNQ #
\O\
V
S]S[Q
RXVL[Q
[T]S[Q
WUX]WU\
S[PZ
SX\
J M?3GNQMCLNC7N
T[
VH\Y\U\
!LLL"
,
1]B]O[
K\
VXZR\U\
0CI>H
2[
P[PZ
PFZ
J $O]Y

;VPVYWS]
SX]BZT\Y]
W]
WT\P
WT[Q\P
Y\QV
AXK\Q]
R]Y]W
YZP]
Y\
V
HZPV
TZC\
YZ
R[
J N[RXVHQ\P]
Y]
RZWY[Q
WUX]Y\
8VY]T]
QZR\YJ
WU]U]S
Y\
TZCV
YVERV
\
N[UXZKV
YZL[
V
BV
J WUTZY]
QZ
\
YZRZB\T]
RXE]T]
R\
P]
WN[W[KY\P
M]
Y]X[RYZ
WOVEKZ
!LLL" $O]Y
0
;VPVYWS]
UZX\U[X\Q]
WZ
YZ
P[EZ
9]X]\C
WUX
&'0J&&& [UV
<\U\
RXE]TYZ
LX]Y\IZ
WZ
M]S[Y[P
YZ
P[LV
PZF]U\
Y\
N[PZX]U\
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
QZ
1VS
9]X]\C $O]Y

;VPVYWSV
UZX\U[X\QV
YZ
P[LV
Y]
WZ
J
N[WO][
[T[
N\WP[5
9[QZ
LO]TYZ
NX[KJ O\U\
Y]X[R\
WUX]Y[L
N[XZSO]
!LLL"
OZPZ
RXE]TYZ
N[O\U\SZ
\
TO]RZ
N\W]I $O]Y
'
;VPVY\
VE\T]QV
WO[K[RV
P\GBZF]
Y]LO]G]T]5
6K
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
WO[K[RV
[KX]M[T]F]
WO[K[RV
GU]PNZ
WO[J C\D
]VU[X\UZU]
PZ<V
F\P]
K\[
QZ
1VS
9]X]
J
K[RV
[SVNB]F] \C
*&(,
\WU]SYVU\Q]
O\HY[WU
WXNWSZ
$O]Y

7
RXE]T\
YZP]
SO]WY\D
X]MO\S] Y]I\[Y]OYZ
SVOUVXZ
V
XIX TZSV
4ZM\S[
WO[
J
AT\
;VPVY\
WV
QZRY]S\
NXZR
M]S[Y[P
P[X]J T]I
ZUY[O[L
\
\WU[X\H]X
1VS
QZ
[KQ]T\[
NXTV
QV
R]
NO]C]QV
\WUZ
N[XZMZ
\
QZRY]S[
[K]T
B]
J LX]P]U\SV
\
XZHY\S
P[RZXY[L
WXNWS[L
QZM\S]
QV
WT[QZ
Q]TYZ
RVEY[WU\ W]SVNB][
QZ
\
[KQ]TB\T][
Y]X[RYZ
O\XWSZ
\
ZNWSZ
NZWPZ
NXZTZ[
=[T\
M]TZU
W]
IXSTZ
Y[
J
=]
Q]TY\P
LX]<]YWS\P
\
T[QY\P
N[O[
E]
Q\
P]
WO[
TZYWS[L
Y]
WXNWS\
7
TXZPZ
N\
W]
F]
[T[L
P[LV
K\U\
W]P[
;VPVY\
!LLL" AUX]YI\
YZ
P[LV
N\WP]
K\[
QZ
NXT\
NXZRWZRY\S
AVR]
V
AXK\Q\
M]VM\P]U\
Q]TYZ
N[O[E]QZ
[W\P
V
\MVMZUY\P
WOVH]QZT\P]
S[Q\
WV
[RXZ<ZY\
M]S[Y[P
!LLL"
$O]Y
0
AU[L]
WV
V
;VPVY\Q\
[T\P
M]
KX]
FZ
J 9]ST]
QZ
VO[L]
Y]I\QZ
V
[XL]Y\M]I\Q\
XVPVYWSZ
RXE]TZ5
9]S[
WZ
V
VWU]TV
YZ
WTZ
NX\T\OZL\QZ
\MVMZI\
\
SO]WY\
P[Y[
J
N[O\ NX\PZFVQZ
N[RZO]
\
S[YUX[O]
TO]WU\5
$O]Y

/]X]YU[T]Y]
QZ
WO[K[R]
N[QZR\YI]
!LLL" #*AQ -LMHEP@P;ODPQ H5P<PQ OHMEN
$O]Y
0
AO[K[R]
P\GBZF]
QZ
N[UNVY]
!LLL" NL;N>MF;O@PQDIKPQB80*AQ>MCOKN
$O]Y
0
@KX]M[T]FZ
QZ
KZWNO]UY[
$O]Y

AT]
TO]WU
RXE]TZ
N[U\HZ
[R
Y]X[J -7%?-:8?=)>
7
[WO[K[<ZY[Q
%ZXIZL[T\Y\
R]
\
RXE]T]
QZ
P[EZ
TXG\U\
W]P[
NXZS[ T\
CZ
UZ
E\TQZU\
WO[K[RY[
]S[Y
CZ
V
F[Q
M]
NXZRWU]TY\S]
Y]X[R]
\
V
WSO]RV
W
NX\YI\
J WT]S[L]
QZR]Y
\
QZRY]S
K\U\
]
M]
WTZ
NX]TZJ
N\P]
\
NX]T\O\P]
S[QZ
NX[N\WVQZ
[T]Q
7WU]T R]Y
7
TQZXV
T]GV
S][
V
WTZU\FV
Y\S[
YZCZ
$O]Y
0
]S[Y[R]TYV
TO]WU
\P]QV
\WSBV
H\
J U\I]U\
4]
T]P
QZPH\P
M]
U[
]
[
NX]T\HY[WU\
T[
9X]B
\
=]X[RY]
N[WO]Y\HS]
WSVN
GU\Y] \
BVK]T\
P[Q[Q
NXZP]
T]P]
WTQZR[I\
WV
WU[U\J
=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
QZ
N[RZBZY]
Y]
RT] YZ
QZRY[TQZXY\S]
T]G\QZD
S[Q\
WV
V
MZPB\
R[P]#
AZY]U
\
=]X[RY[
NXZRWU]TY\GUT[ P[Q[Q
\
S[R
PZYZ
Y]O]M\O\
T]MR]
KX]UWS[L]
@S[
WT]S[L
M]S[Y]
P[X]QV
WZ
VW]LO]W\U\
WT] R[HZS]
N[P[C\
\
[RO\S[T]F]
4]
T]W
N[M\J
UX\
[LX]YS]
M]S[Y[R]TYZ
TO]WU\ T]P
R]SOZ
-VD]PZR]YI\
R]
YZ
R\EZUZ
$O]Y
'
>MTXGYV
TO]WU
\P]
9X]B
\
[Y [XVEQ]
NX[U\T
WT[QZ
QZRY[SXTYZ
KX]CZ
X]WN[O]EZ
WT\P
VWU]TY\P
WXZRWUT\P] %X\GC]Y]
$O]Y
&
AVRWS]
TO]WU
WZ
TXG\
V
WVR[T\P] 9F]M
=\S[O]
\
UX\KVY]O\P]
\D[TZ
[ROVSZ
\
NXZWVRZ .ZWQZRZ
\
NX[LO]W\
SX]B]
=\S[OZ
WUX

WZ
\MX\HV
V
WSO]RV
W]
M]S[Y[P
\
\MTX
G]
T]
J
QV
V
\PZ
9X]B] II=0AQ$LOGPKJHOQP@7PJPCMLQIQJGPK7IEIQM
$O]Y

$O]Y[T\
[KZ
ASVNGU\YZ
NXZRJ JGPFIQILPHPQ?LN@PQIJGPFIQ9B80*:
WU]TB]QV
H\U]TV
Y]I\QV
YZ
W]P[
[KO]WU
\O\
LX]R
V
S[QZP
WV
\M]KX]Y\
!LLL" AT\
WV
L[T[X\O\
[
"VWU]TV!
\
U[PZ
R]
WV
$O]Y
60
9X]B
QZ
O\GZY
WT]SZ
[RL[T[XY[
J W[+UZ
!VHZY\I\
V
PVWO\P]YWS\P
TZXWS\P
WU\
AT]
[RL[T[XY[WU
QZ
Y]
P\Y\WUX\P] GS[
O]P]" [Y]Q
\YUZO\LZYUY\Q\
RZ[
NXZWU[
J
9X]BZT
RZSXZU
YZ
WUVN]
Y]
WY]LV
NXZ
YZL[ Y\HS[L
Q]TY[L
PFZF]
S[Q\
MY]
R]
L]
H\U]T
Y]
J
GU[
L]
N[UN\GZ
Y]ROZEY\
P\Y\WU]X
S[Q\
Y] X[R
N[RXE]T]
=\
DX\GC]Y\
S][
Y\
PVD]
PZ
J
U]Q
Y]H\Y
WY[W\
R]BV
[RL[T[XY[WU
M]
U]Q R]YI\
H\Y\
P\
WZ
YZCZ
N[WVWU]
U\
R[S
YZ
R[
J
R[SVPZYU K\QV
U]Q
VWU]T
]
VS[O\S[
WVOU]Y
[RK\QZ
R]
L]
3NPKOQOJQQLR
WUX
J( R[YZWZ
L[U[T[
YZ\MKZEY[
CZ
R[C\
R[
N[
SV
J
G]Q]
FZL[T[L
WTXL]T]F]
QZX
TZC
W]R]
SXVEZ
3[S[P
UX\RZWZU\D
L[R\Y]
XIX TZS]
WTZ UZSWU[T\
\M
9VX]Y]
S[Q\
M]
TZXY\SZ
NXZRJ
TZC\
KX[Q
WXNWS\D
\YUZOZSUV]O]I]
\
WU]TB]QV
R[S]M
R]
9VX]Y
M]DUZT]
M]\WU]
RZ
J
N[O\U\H]X]
WVNX[UWU]TB][
WZ
RZWN[UWS[Q
P[
SX]UWSV
TO]WU
8]Y]G
F]
]NW[OVUY]
TO]WU
TO]
R]T\Y\
-\O[G]
@KXZY[T\C]
*&
SF]M
'6
'&,
4ZR]Y
[R
Y]QTZ
J
S[Q]
QZ
R]U]
WVOU]YV
M]NX]T[
QZ
VMVXN]I\Q]
NX]T]
Y]X[R]
S[QV
WTZU\
M]S[Y\
YZ
R[MT[B]
J
6B
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
T]QV
\
UZSWU[T\
\
NXZWZR]Y\
WV
UV
R]
N[
S]
EV $O]Y

\HY]
WO[K[R]
QZ
YZN[TXZR\T]
=\
J
S]S[
YZ
UXZK]
\WS]M\T]U\
N[WOVGY[WU
WVTJ S[
YZ
P[EZ
K\U\
S]EFZY
\M
K\O[
S[L
X]MO[J
ZXZYV
S[Q\
M]
N[
WU]TB]
\YUZXZWZ
RXE]TZ
!LLL" L]
\MVMZT
V
WOVH]QV
S[Q\
QZ
[RXZ<ZY
M]S[Y[P
Eliot
WUX
0J00 \
Y]
Y]H\Y
M]S[Y[P
NXZRT\<ZY
NLP
8]
O\
WV
PVWO\P]Y\
V
@WP]YWS[P $O]Y

8XE]TY]
TZX]
QZ
\WO]P
?O\
\]S[
I]XWUTV
WP]UX]O\
R]
QZ
\RZQ]
VWU]T] WZ
RXE\
U[L
NX\YI\N]
RXE]T]
CZ
KX]Y\U\
VTZMZY]
\M
DX\GC]YWSZ
:TX[NZ5
U] WO[
K[RY[
\WN[TZR]FZ
RXVL\D
TZX]
\
HVT]U\
P\WO\G
M]GU[
WV
NX\WU]O\IZ
VWU]T] TZXWSZ
NX\T\OZL\QZ
S[QZ
WV
R]UZ
N[QZR\Y\P
UTX
R\OZ
R]
QZ
[Y
V
WSO]RV
W]
WTZU\P M]QZRY\I]P]
VS[O\S[
U[
YZ
XZPZU\
Q]TY\
XZR
\WO]PWS\P
M]S[Y\P]5 \
P[X]O
NCKPHMJGQ?LNCQ<PHMKM@(QDPFKNQJEI,7N
II=8AQILJHOQIJGPFQO<QB80*AQ>MCOKN $O]Y

AT\
@WP]Y\
WV
QZRY]S\
NXZR
M]
S[
J
Y[P
>P]QV
\WU]
NX]T]
\
RVEY[WU\
NXZP]
"J@PKJHMQ;PLJGFM MZPB\
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
TZX[\WN[TZWU
$O]Y

@WP]YWS[
I]XWUT[
[KVDT]U]
W]
R]G
J $O]Y

3VXWS\
QZ
MT]Y\HY\
QZM\S
\
N[MJ
FV
UZX\U[X\QV
\
N[WZRZ
\
RZO\P\HY[
YZM]
J Y]T]FZ
UVXWS[L
QZ
NXZRVWO[T
M]
Y]PZGUZFZ
T\W
YZ
N[SX]Q\YZ
@Y[
QZ
YZRZB\T]
IZO\Y]
[R V
RXE]TY[Q
WOVEK\
S[QZ
WZ
Y\QZR]Y
RZ[
YZ
P[EZ
[UIZN\U\
\M $O]Y
6
AT\
@WP]Y\
P[LV
R[K\U\
RXE]TY[
K\O[
S[L
X]MO[L] Y]PZGUZFZ
V
WSO]RV
W]
WT[Q[P
M]WOVL]P]
\
$O]Y
(
ZL[T[
1\W[H]YWUT[
AVOU]Y
W] WN[W[KY[WU\P]
U\UV
O[P
"1XD[TY[L
S]O\+]!
M]GU\UY\S
QZ @MFOKP
\WO]P
WSZ
TZXZ
@Y
QZ
WVTZXZY
\
I]X
WT\D
N[
J $O]Y
0
]Q]PHZY]
QZ
WT]
\P[T\Y]
R]
Y\S]
@WP]YWS[L
I]XWUT] N[SXZUY]
\
YZN[SXZUY]
S[Q]
N[
M]S[YV
$O]Y
'
ZL[T[
1\W[H]YWUT[
AVOU]Y
YZ YZS[PZ
NX\N]R]
=Z
P[EZ
K\U\
[RVMZU]
P[EZ
K\U\
N[MT]Y
Y]
[RL[T[XY[WU
\
FZL[T] [W\P
Y]
[WY[TV
T]B]Y[L
X]MO[L]
S[Q\
WZ
O\HY[WU
QZ
WTZU] Q]TY[
R[S]EZ
\
U\HZ
WZ
X]Y\Q\D
[K]TZM]
$O]Y

-Z<V
WVTZXZY]
NX]T]
ZL[T[L
1\
W[
J NO]C]F]
]
NXZP]
M]S[YV
[
TXZRY[WU\
H]YWUT]
AVOU]Y]
WN]R]
\
WOZRZCZ#
[Y
N[
J \P[T\YZ
S[Q]
QZ
V
N\U]FV
!LLL"L
WU]T
B]
\
WPZFVQZ
P\Y\WUXZ
Y]
Y]H\Y
[RXZ
J PLMCKPQJHI?3GOKP
<ZY
NX\T\OZL\Q]P]
S[QZ
\P]
[Y
R]QZ
[RO\S[J $O]Y
(0
=]X[RYV
WSVNGU\YV
H\YZ
RT]
R[P]#
T]F]
U\UVOZ
\
TXG\
\PZY[T]F]
[Y
\MR]QZ /[XF\
R[P
U[
QZWU
AZY]U
\
2[WO]Y\HS\
R[P
Y[
T]I
FZL[T[
WZ
\PZ
\ML[T]X]
U[S[P
P[
J $O]Y
(
8T]
8[P]
CZ
WZ
W]WU]Q]U\

Y[TZPJ
O\UTZ
V
]P\Q\
[Y
WSO]N]
WN[X]MVPZ
W]
WUX]
J KX]
WT]SZ
L[R\YZ
R]
K\
WZ
I]XWS\P
RZSXZU[P
Y\P
W\O]P]
[Y
[KQ]TBVQZ
X]U
\
NX[LO]G]T] *irade,
[UT[X\[
X]R
WSVNGU\YZ
]
M]UT]
X]
FZ
P\X
[Y
VNX]TB]
S[NYZY[P
T[QWS[P
\
P[X
Y]
J S[QZ
QZ
M]S]M]Y[
M]

P]XU
Y]XZRYZ
L[
R\
YZ
X\
I[P
[Y
WNX[T[R\
GZX\Q]UWS[
NX]T[
[Y
WZ U]S[<Z
WZ
[RXE]T]
N[
I]XWS[P
RZSXZUV
WU]X]
[
WNX[T[<ZFV
Q]TY\D
PZX]
[Y
VKO]
E]
J 4ZR]Y
8[P
YZ
P[EZ
R]
M]WZR]
VS[O\S[
YZ
T]
\O\
VS\R]
S]MYZ
S[QZ
QZ
\MXZS][
WVR
[Y M]WZR]
\
RXVL\
W]M\T]
\
[RO]EZ
WSVNGU\YWS[
M]WZR]FZ
[Y $O]Y
(
$O]Y[T\
=]X[RYZ
WSVNGU\YZ
WV
X]WNVGU]
VS[O\S[
U[
WP]UX]
YZ[ND[RY\P WO[
K[RY\
R]
S]EV
WT[QZ
P\GBZFZ
\
R]
N[WO]Y\HS\
S]K\YZU
\
N[M\T]
Y]
R\XZSUY[ LO]W]QV
S]S[
EZOZ
LO]W]FZ
M]
Y[TZ
HO]Y[TZ @Y\
WZ
YZ
P[LV
VIZF\T]U\
\O\
P]P\U\
O2KNQJEM7MCN [KZC]F\P]
Y\U\
WZ
Y]
F\D
WPZ
VU\I]U\
$O]Y

AT\
N[R]Y\I\
)]XWUT]
WZ
Y]M\T]QV NXZUF]P]
\P]
WZ
YZ
P[EZ
WVR\U\
MK[L
@WP]Y\
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
TZX[\WN[TZWU
WU]UVW [Y[L]
GU[
P\WOZ
\O\
S]S[
LO]W]QV
M]
TXZPZ
@WP]Y\Y]
WZ
R[K\Q]
\
LVK\
V
WSO]RV
W
VWO[
J X]WNX]TZ
[W\P
VS[O\S[
U[
Y\QZ
V
WVNX[UY[
J
T\P]
NX[N\W]Y\P
M]S[Y[P WU\
W]
N[WU[QZC\P
2[WO[TY\S[P
WSVN
G
U\
YZ
$O]Y
6
AT]S\
@WP]Y\Y
VE\T]
O\HYV
WO[K[J S]R]
\P
WZ
P[EZ
WVR\U\
Y]
[WY[TV
[RXZR]K]
RV
VS[O\S[
YZ
VLX[E]T]
WO[K[RV
RXVL[L S[QZ
WV
Y]
WY]M\
6;
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
?LPF+P5NQ?MHLPDOKP@P \
T[<ZFZ
UZ
7NX]TZ
Y]WO\QZR\[
W]P
\
4]
N[
$O]Y

7NX]T]
Y]R
NX[T\YI\Q]P]
M]WY[J P\O[WU\
.[EQ[Q
WZRP\
1O]R]O]I
\M
-[QZ
T]Y]
QZ
Y]
NX\YI\NV
RZIZYUX]O\M]I\QZ 9VCZ
=\
P[Q\
WO]TY\
NXZUD[RY\I\
Y\
4]
!P<KNQMCLNC7N Y\QZWP[
WZ
S][
RXVL\
]VU[SX]U\
WP]UX]O\
$O]Y
'
=\QZRY]
[RXZRK]
[T[L
7WU]T]
YZ YZ[RL[T[XY\P]
\
Y\QZWP[
RXE]O\
R]
QZ
Y]G]
P[
EZ
Y\
\M
S[L
X]MO[L]
R]
KVRZ
WVWNZY
R[
J T[B]
M]S[Y
7
P\XY[
R[K]
P\
WP[
K\O\
T]Y]
\O\
M]YZP]XZY] )XY[L[XI\P]
NX]T]
KX]UWS]
KX]C]
V
K[QZTZ
www.ata.boun.tr/department20webpages/ata_/constitu-
\GO\
WP[
S][
[Y\
J
L\YVO\
WP[
LRQZ
\
[Y\
tionoftheottomanempire1976.doc
X]YZ
WP[
R[HZS\T]O\
\
M]R]T]O\
LRQZ
\
[Y\
7WU]T
QZ
R[YZU
RZIZPKX]
&
L[
R\
YZ WTZ
[R
)]XZT]
]M]
R[
1VH\QZL
8[O] ( !LLL"
V
TXZPZ
"\WU[HYZ
SX\MZ!
' =]G]
WZ
TO]WU
M]HZO]
Y]
L[O[Q
N[B]Y\
Y]
ZL[T\P
R[Y[GZFZP
UXZK]O[
QZ
NXZRV
NXZ
J Y\GU]
KZM
Y\GU]
N[R
TZRX\P
YZK[P
\
Y]
J
R\U\
PZG]FZ
TZO\S\D
W\O]
Y]
WUX]Y\
YZPVWJ [H\LOZR
YZNX\Q]UZB]
.\O]
QZ
M]S[Y\U]
QZX
O\P]YWS\D
N[R]Y\S]
V
@WP]YWS[P
I]XWUTV# QZ
Y]X[R[P
LO]W[T]Y]
]
TXG\O]
WZ
WXIZP
Y[T
\
P[RZX]Y
VWU]T
\P
[KZM
KZ
<VQZ
WT] BVK]TBV
\
ZYZXL\Q[P
!LLL" 9X]QZP
WZ
R]P
Y]
Z
J
NX]T]
R[S
\WU[
TXZ
PZY[
N[UTX<VQZ
YZRZB\
J WU[L
T\QZS]
-[Q]
9VC]
M]UZSO]
*QZ,
R[P[
T\YV
T[WU
)]X
W
U
T]
7
U[P
N[LOZRV
7WU]T
Y\QZ
K\[ Y]GV
K\QZRYV
\
L[U[T[
N[N
O]T
BZ
YV
RXVL[P
RZ
O[
UT[
X]Y
QZX
Y\QZ
[RTX]U\[
;VWZ
[R
[KQ]TZ
TQZX[P
]
Y]G]
O\QZN]
2X]
T[
WO]T
Y]
TQZX]
X]
U]

L[R\YZ
2[WOZ
N[X]M]
7WU]T
QZ
Y]O]M\O]
WZ
V
TZO\S[Q
[N]WY[WU\
!LLL"
WU]TBZY
T]Y
WY]LZ
\
TX]CZY
UZS
6
L[
R\
J
YZ
N[
M]TXGZUSV
2XT[L
WTZUWS[L
X]
U]
N[
J 8]Y]W
V
@U]K\Y\
LX]Y\IZ
X]MP]SYVUZ
\
WU][
QZ
\MO\G]Y
N[GU[
WZ
)]XWUT[
X]WN]O[ PZ<VY]X[RY[
VUTX<ZYZ
[R
VGC]
.[Q]YZ
V
4]RX]YWS[
-[XZ
R[
W]WU]YS]
3]XZ
\
2\TZ
S[QZ
8X\YV
W]H\F]T]QV
\
[R
.\QZOZ
/[XZ
R[
7
HZPV
QZ
@WP]YWS\
VWU]T
\M
& $]S[X]
T\GZ
2ZC\
\
8ZH]Y]
!LLL"
L[R\YZ
WO\H]Y
VWU]T\P]
V
RXVL\P @T\QZP
R]Y[P
@U]K\Y]
Y]G]
N[WU]QZ
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
RXE]T]P]
Y]
QVL[\WU[SV 7WU]TY]
P[Y]XD\Q]
\
P\
W]
WXZC[P
WUVN]P[
V
:TX[NZ5
9[Q\
WV
KZMKZRY[WY\
ZOZPZYU\ Y[T
N[O\U\HS\
E\T[U
2X]GU]QVC\
WZ
W]
VYZU\
V
UZSWU
7WU]T]
S]S[
K\
WZ
WNXZH\[ [Y\P
WU]X\P
YZ
P[LV
R]
Y]
[T[P
X]WSXGCV
N[TX]U]S
]VU[SX]UWSZ
TO]WU\5
\M
RVK\YZ
-\
WXI]
YZ
[R]P
R[WU[QYV
KO]L[J
2[SVG]Q
R]
X]MVPZG
M]GU[
V
7WU]TV
\M R]XY[WU
\
A\QZY\P]
-[Q\D
\
T]G\D
2XZR]S]
M]
F\D[TV
WTZUV
M]QZRY\IV
\
M]TQZGU]YV
Y]P
&
L[R\YZ
\WO]P
\P]
NX\T\OZL[T]Y
[R
F\D
WO[K[RV
!LLL"
N[O[E]Q
-[Q]
[ROVS]
Y]
\MR]T]FZ
7WU]T]
Y]
RT\QZ
9[QZ
WV
PZXZ
VTZRZYZ
R]
K\
WZ
@WP]YWS[
CZ
WUX]YZ
X]R[WY[
[RQZSYVU\
1\
\
WT\
V[N
J
I]XWUT[
W]HVT]O[
[R
X]WN]XH]T]F]5
8]
G
UZ
WXNWS\
X[R[BVK\
NX\DT]U\CZUZ
QZ
W]
O\
WV
UZ
PZXZ
K\OZ
XZ]OYZ
W
[KM\X[P
Y]
[Y[P
\WU\YWS[P
TQZX[P
S[Q]
QV
QZ
\
Y]R]DYVJ
W\UV]I\QV
&
L[R\YZ5
O]

TQZX[P
R]
CZ
[Y]
K\U\
VWNZGY]
\
WXZ
CJ
Y]
M]
X]MT\U]S
\
Y]NXZR]S
@U]K\YZ
II=6AQ -LNJGMKPQ 7NJNCPQ H5P<PQ OHMEN FGI;IFECJ
IV
WUX
(J(&
?MFMCM@Q?LM>EP3N5PQIJGPFPQLKNQ&MLN
9B6.%:
/[WN[R[
N[WO]Y\I\ =]
S[Q\
Y]H\Y
WZ
P[Y]XD\Q]
OZL\U\
P\
J
W]O]5
]GU[
QZ
SYZM
[ROVH\[
R]
R[YZWZ
@KO\S
1XD[TYZ
8XE]TYZ
7NX]TZ
K\[
QZ
R[
W]R
V
[T[Q
MZPB\
[KO\S
A]P[RXE]TQ]
1O]WU 7WU]T5
(
-ZWU]
Y]
S[Q\P]
WV
WZ
T[R\O\
K[QZT\
W
3VXI\P]
6>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
II=B.AQEPCMGILJHPQ?LMHEP@P;ODPQ9B6.8: &
@KX]M[T]FZ
CZ
K\U\
KZWNO]UY[
AT]S\
LX]<]Y\Y
V
LX]Y\I]P]
NX[N\W]Y\P
7WU]T[P

@WY[T]
7WU]T]
CZ
K\U\
N[GU[T]FZ
NXTZYJ P[EZ
R]
[UT[X\
NX\T]UYV
GS[OV
V
WSO]RV
W]
WUT]
Y]X[RYZ
T[BZ
4ZRY]
[R
N[WOZR\I]
U[L N[WZKY\P
M]S[Y\P]
NX\YI\N]
K\CZ
M]DUZT
R]
WZ
KZM
[RO]L]F]
VUTXR\
NXZR
9]K\YZU[P
[RL[T[XY[WU
P\Y\WJ
ATZ
GS[OZ
CZ
K\U\
N[R
RXE]TY\P
Y]RM[
J
UX]
\
V
WSO]RV
W
U\P
CZ
WZ
WP]UX]U\
R]
QZ
P\
J X[P
9]S[
K\
WT\
LX]<]Y\
R[K\O\
M]QZRY\HS[
\
Y\WU]X
V
[WU]TI\
VS[O\S[
YZ
R[K\QZ
TZC\YV QZRY]S[
[KX]M[T]FZ
K\CZ
[UT[XZYZ
RXE]TYZ
LO]W[T]
V
9]K\YZUV GS[OZ
V
F\P]
CZ
[KX]M[T]FZ
K\U\
KZWNO]UY[
\
NX\P]CZ
WZ
<]I\
WT\D
Y]I\[Y]OY[WU\
7
Q]TYJ
0
7S[O\S[
WZY]U[X\
YZ
KVRV
H\Y\O\
QZRYV \P
GS[O]P]
CZ
K\U\
[K]TZMY]
Y]
WU]T]
Y]
UXZC\YV
N[WO]Y\S]
[YR]
CZ
Y]
WOZRZC\
Y]
J UVXWS[P
7
RXE]TY\P
GS[O]P]
Q]TY]
Y]WU]T]
H\Y
K\U\
\PZY[T]Y
AZY]U#
QZRYV
UXZC\YV
CZ CZ
K\U\
KZWNO]UY]
AXZRFZ
\
T\W[S[
[KX]M[J
\PZY[T]U\
WVOU]Y
]
RTZ
UXZC\YZ
Y]X[R
P]YJ T]FZ
V
Q]TY\P
\
RXE]TY\P
GS[
O]P]
CZ
K\U\
R]U
WZY]U[X]
CZ
K\U\
[LX]Y\HZY S]S[
QZ
L[XZ
[RXZ<ZY[
V
VN[UXZK\
CZ
K\U\
UVXWJ
S\
QZM\S
3XL[T]HSZ
N[B[NX\TXZRYZ
\
M]Y]UJ

]DUZT]CZ
WZ
R]
WT\
UVXWS\
N[R]Y\I\
S[Q\ WSZ
GS[OZ
K\CZ
[UT[
XZYZ
W]
I\BZP
R]
WZ
WV
Y]TXG\O\
0
L[R\Y]
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
\PZ
J X]MT\QV
XZWVXW\
MZPBZ
U]S
\O\
K[L]UWUT[
R[K\QV
NX]T[
LO]W]
@Y\
S[Q\
WV
\MLVK\O\
WT[Q]
LX]<]YWS]
NX]T]
YZCZ
;]R\CZ
WZ
Y]
\MLX]RF\
NVUZT]
EZ
OZM
Y\IZ
Y]X]TY[
\P]U\
Y\
NX]T[
LO]W] \
S]Y]O]
S]S[
K\
WZ
[O]SG]O[
SXZ
U]
FZ
\
N[TZC]O[
K[L]UWUT[
MZPBZ
7S\YVCZ
WZ
WTZ
GU[
(
9]S[
K\
WZ
N[GU[T][
NXT\
HO]Y
7WU]T]
\M P[EZ
R]
GUZU\
UXL[T\Y\
\
N[B[NX\TXZR\
06
L[R\YZ
*N[
%\X\,
V
VWU]TYV
N[TZBV
WZ www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1908yougturk.html
P[X]QV
VYZU\
U]HYZ
[RXZRKZ
[
NX]TV
Y]
WO[J
K[RY[
+[XP\X]FZ
N[O\U\HS\D
WUX]Y]S] 2[WOZ
N[X]M]
V
X]UV

WVOJ
U]Y
?KRVOD]P\R
II *&6,
WU]T\[

3VXWS\
QZM\S
CZ
[WU]U\
MT]Y\HY\
QZM\S QZ
7WU]T
\M
&
T]Y
WY]LZ
\
TO]R][
]VU[
J
T]Y\HYZ
NXZN\WSZ
\
X]WNX]TZ
T[R\CZ
WZ
Y] SX]UWS\
-O]R[UVXI\
[N[M\I\[Y]
[XL]Y\J
UVXWS[P M]I\Q]
S[QV
WV
P]D[P
H\Y\O\
[+\I\X\
\
VHZ
J
Y\
BVR\
UX]E\O]
QZ
TX]C]FZ
7WU]T]
\
XZ
J
+[X
PZ
S[QZ
K\
[Q]H]OZ
I]XWUT[
=]
SX]QV
WV
6
AT]S\
LX]<]Y\Y
CZ
VE\T]U\
N[UNVYV
WO[J
-O]
R[UVXI\
6
L[R\YZ
\MTZO\
VWNZGYV
K[RV
\
QZRY]S[WU
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
Y]I\[Y]OJ
XZT[OVI\QV
\
NXZVMZO\
TO]WU
S[QV
WV
RXE]O\
Y[WU
\
TZX[\WN[TZWU
\
\P]CZ
QZRY]SZ
RVE
Y[
J
WTZ
R[
6
L[R\YZ
WU\
AT\
N[R]Y\I\
N[GU[
WV
NXZR
M]S[Y[P
QZRY]S\
V
N[LOZRV
NX]T]
\
RVEY[WU\
NXZP]
/O]TY\
N[O\U\HS\
M]DUZT
-O]
R[
UV
J
RXE]T\
P[LV
X]R\U\
V
RXE]TY[Q
WOVEK\
V X]S]
V
TXZPZ
R[S
WV
WZ
WVNX[UWU]T
J
WSO]RV
W
TO]WU\U\P
WN[W[KY[WU\P]
\
[KX]M[J
T]FZP
]S[Y
[
T[QY[Q
WOVEK\
QZRY]S[
WZ B]
O\
?KRVOD]P\RV
II K\O[
QZ
TX]C]FZ
U\HZ
\
[Y\D
S[Q\
Y\WV
PVWO\P]Y\ Y]
WY]LV
7WU]T]
\M
&
L[R\YZ
>N]S
[Y\
WV
NX\DT]U\O\
\
YZSZ
\MPZYZ
7WU]
J

1ZC
N[WU[QZCZ
TZXWSZ
NX\T\OZL\QZ
R]UZ T]#
Y]TZR\
S[QZ
WV
U[
\MPZYZ
\
[KQ]WY\
N[QZR\Y\P
Y]I\Q]P]
P[LV
WZ
\
R]BZ
WO[K[RJ M]GU[
WV
-O]R[UVXI\
Y]
F\D
NX\WU]O\
Y[
S[X\WU\U\ 7N[XZR\
HO]Y

\M
[T[L
UZSWU]
W]
UZSJ
WU[T\P]
\M
N[LO]TB]
IIJR
9]STV
VO[LV
(
2[GU[
WZ
YZ
R\X]QV
\P[T\YWS]
NX]T]
MZP
J \P]
GS[O]
V
NX[IZWV
\MLX]RFZ
Y]I\QZ5
B[N[WZRY\S]
*QZX
WZ
U]
NX]T]
P[X]QV
N[G
U[
J ?Y]O\M\X]Q
HO]Y

\
VN[XZR\
L]
W]
UZSJ
T]U\
\
N[
M]S[YV
P[X]QV
[WU]U\
YZU]SYVU], WU[T\P]
\M
N[LO]TB]
IIJL
U]
P[EZG
WZB]I\P]
CZ
K\U\
[P[LVCZY[
R]
SVNVQV
MZP
J XZC\
[
VO[M\
S[QV
N[O\U\HS\D
T[<]
V
BV
\
K\CZ
[RXZ<ZY
Y]H\Y
Y]
S[Q\
CZ
[Y\
P[C\ X]MT[QV
NX\TXZRZ5
R]
VM
Y\WSZ
S]P]UZ
N[M]QPBVQV
Y[T]I
!LLL"
67
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
P7NEPQB JGPFOQ<N@P+PQDI>MOJGM2KNQFLM?N
-LFOQ &EPFKNQO<@NKN
PKP35O
L,PFP @MCNLKO
-LNQ-LFM> NILPGKO -MJENQLI>M> IJGPF
IJGPF
JFNGJHM>QLPGP ?NLOMC JFNGJHM>QLPGP
?OK]Y\Q]' 60 60'
60
66 ( 6(&
6& 0 66
.;4
-]SZR[Y\Q] 66
.[WY]
\ 0( 0 66
%ZXIZL[T\Y] ( 0 66'
6
*7WU]T
.VL]XWS] ( 0 6(
6 0 66
\M
3XY[T],
/XHS]& (( &(
6 60 6'0 & 6'
60
*1\R[TR]YWS\
4VL[WO]T\Q] 6(&
6&
6( 0 ( 660
VWU]T,
6
9\N]X 6'6
*6&,
@WP]YWS[
I]XWUT[ &
;VPVY\Q] && 60
6 ( 6(
6'0
6&' 0 66
AO[TZY\Q] 0 0 66

&6
AXK\Q] ' 0 6 66

6
3VXWS] 60( 6& 60
%XT]UWS] 00 0 66
)XY]
/[X] 6' 6 0
P7NEPQ4 FMN5NQM?3GN>Q?LPFPQ>EPJPQIQ<N@+P@PQDI>MOJGM2KNQFLM?N
"?3GNQ?LPFMQ>EPJPQ<PQ@I3HPL;N -LPFMQ>EPJPQ<PQ,NKN
?OK]Y\Q] 60 @LX]Y\HZY[

60
[NGUZ

6(&
.;4
-]SZR[Y\Q] 6
*AXK\Q], 6('
*4VL[WO]T\Q],
.[WY]
\
%ZXIZL[T\Y] 60
*4VL[WO]T\Q], 6('
*4VL[WO]T\Q],
.VL]XWS] 6 7R]UZ
EZYZ

6
[NGUZ

6('
/XHS] &( @LX]Y\HZY[

606
[NGUZ

6'0
4VL[WO]T\Q] 60 6('
9\N]X 6& 6&
;VPVY\Q] 6 @LX]Y\HZY[

606
[NGUZ

6(&
AXK\Q] &6 6('
*4VL[WO]T\Q],
AO[TZY\Q] 6
*?VWUX\Q], 6('
*4VL[WO]T\Q],
3VXWS] 60( 6
%XT]UWS] 60
*4VL[WO]T\Q], 6('
)XY]
/[X] 6' 6('
*4VL[WO]T\Q],
9T]M\VWU]TY]
XZLVO]U\T]#
AU]UVU
-Z<VY]X[RYZ
S[P\W\QZ
M]
?OK]Y\QV
*6(,
'
2XZ
[WY\T]F]
RXE]TZ
NXT\
VWU]T\
WV
WZ
R[Y[W\O\
U]S[
GU[
WV
M]
TXZPZ
X]U]
M]
YZM]T\WY[WU
M]
F\D
&
LO]W]OZ
XZT[OVI\[Y]XYZ
WSVNGU\YZ#
00
*:N\R]VXVW,
0
*?WUX[W,
\
0
*3XZMZY,

9T]M\VWU]TYZ
XZLVO]U\TZ#
@XL]YWS\
WU]UVU\
*0,
V
1O]GS[Q
\
-[OR]T\Q\
2]X\WS]
S[YTZYI\Q]
*',
M]
7QZR\FZYZ
SYZEZT\YZ
1O]GSV
\
-[OR]T\QV
*[R
'6
;VPVY\Q],
6
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
1EAQ)AQL>QIJGPFPQIQ GOKOQ9B8*/:
.VSVXZGU]YWS]
VO\I]
S[Q]
WZ
V
PZ
<V
J
X]U
Y[
R[K]
MT]O]
?TZY\Q]
SX]B\IZ
:O\
M]KZUZ
NX[PZY\O]
QZ
\PZ
V
TXZPZ
S[PVJ
Y\WU\HS[L
XZE\P]
V
.VOZT]X
&
P]XU]
GU[
QZ
R]UVP
\Y]VLVX\W]F]
NXTZ
TO]RZ
V
S[Q[Q
WV
S[PVY\WU\
H\Y\O\
TZC\YV
]
M]U\P
V
.VOZT]X
/Z[XL\
/Z[XL\V
8ZE]
*XVPVYWS\
S[PVY\W
U\H
J
S\
T[<]
6('6&',
N[WOZ
66
U]
\WU]
VO\
J
I]
QZ
NXZ\PZY[T]Y]
V
.VOZT]X
-\D]\O]
9[
J
L]O
Y\HZ]YV]
*N[
MY]H]QY[P
N[O\U\H]XV
\WU[
J
X\H]XV
\
N\WIV
\M
XIX TZS],
R]
K\
QZRY[P
FZ
J
Y[P
RZOV
YZS[O\S[
L[R\Y]
S]WY\QZ
K\
O[
TX]
J
CZY[
WU]X[
\PZ
*.VOZT]X
SX]B\IZ
:O\
M]
J
KZUZ,
=\QZ
UZGS[
X]MVPZU\
R]
N[O\U\HS\
XZ
J
Markezinis
WUX
0J
E\P\
S[X\WUZ
\PZY]
VO\I]
R]
K\
OZL\U\
P\
J
W]O\
YZS]
\RZ[O[GS]
\
\WU[X\QWS]
WZC]F]
-[EZG
O\
R]
NX[Y]<ZG
U]STZ
NX\
PZ
XZ5
U]
@KQ]WY\
\PZ
S[QZ
QZ
R[K\[
[T]Q
UXL
8] P\WO\G
[
NX[PZY]P]
\PZY]
VO\I]5
O\
V
NXZWU[Y\I\
UT[QZ
MZPBZ
\O\
V
UT[P
LX]RV
N[WU[Q\
UXL
VWU]T]5
8]
O\
QZ
\S]R]
N[WU[Q][
[RY[WY[
R]
O\
N[WU[Q\ >WUV
\LXV
P[EZUZ
\LX]U\
\
W]
WN[
PZ
J
"Y]I\[Y]OY\!
UXL5 Y\I\P]
>LX]#
\PZY]
VO\I]
S][
OZSI\Q]
\M
\WU[X\QZ
2[RZO\UZ
WZ
V
HZU\X\
LXVNZ
7MP\UZ
UVX\WU\HSZ
T[R\HZ
M]
HZU\X\
\WU[X\QWS]
NZX\[J
R]
U[S[P
XIX \
XX TZS]
?Y]O\M\X]QUZ
\PZY]
VO\I]
\
UXL[T]
\
N[LOZR]QUZ
S[O\S[
WZ
F\D
[RY[W\
Y]
\WU[X\QWSZ
R[L]<]QZ
\
O\HY[WU\
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
DZX[QZ
\
R[L]<]QZ
?Y]O\M\X]QUZ
\MK[X
\PZY]
\
F\D[TZ
NX[PZYZ
II7AQ&LPPKJHMQCLI3GFM
II=BBQ NOKO;ODPQ CL,PF+PKPQ IQ >L2HM@ 7

:N\R]VXVWV

Q]YV]X]
00
L[R\YZ
NXTZ
JGPFIQO<Q?OCPILIJPQ9B884: L[R\YZ
YZM]T\WY[WU\
2X\TXZPZY]
N[O\U\HS]
M]QZRY\I]
LXHSZ
L J@HL EBHDI;L JL GH?H/JBI;L DFI=EDBK6 LXHS\ 8Z[

?
Y]X[R
S[Q\
T\GZ
Y\QZ
V
WU]FV
R]
N[RY[W\ @RZB]S
?
UZE]S
UZXZU
U\X]Y\QZ
WUX]D[T\UZ
[WP]YWSZ "QFNLO
TO]WU\
VM
TZO\SZ
EXUTZ
VWNZ[
QZ
R]
QZ
WZ ]

=]
UZX\U[X\Q\
/XHSZ
NXZ[TO]R]T]
[UXZWZ
\
R]Y]W
NXZS[
WT[Q\D
[TO]GCZY\D \WU[HY[
NX]T[WO]TY[
DX\GC]YWUT[
]O\
CZ
NXZRWU]TY\S]
V
=]X[RY[Q
WSVNGU\Y\
NXZR /XHS]
U[OZX\W]U\
WTZ
RXVLZ
TZXZ
F\D[T\
.[L[P
\
BVR\P]
[KQ]TBVQZ
WT[QZ
N[
O\
U\H
J [KXZR\
\
WTZU\
H\Y[T\
[K]TB]CZ
WZ
KZM
S[
N[WU[Q]FZ
\
YZM]T\WY[WU \S]ST\D
WPZUF\
66
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
@RZB]S
. T]F]
[T[L
7WU]T]
]
S[Q\
WV
R[GO\
Y]
LXHSV
"Q M?3GO@Q ?LPFO@PQ JGPKMFKOHPQ >L2HN UZX\U[X\QV
\
N[O[E\O\
M]SOZUTV
/XHS[Q
GNLOGMLODN R,
WT\
WUX]YI\
S[Q\
R[<V
\
N[WU]YV
LX]<]Y\
8[P]CZ
WU]Y[TY\GUT[
LXHSZ
UZX\U[X\QZ /XHSZ
S[
QZ
TZXVQZ
V
%X\WU]
QZWUZ
LXHS[
\
VE\T] &
WUX

WT]
N[O\U\HS]
NX]T]
KZM
\S]STZ
R\WSX\P\J
Y]I\QZ 7N[XZR\
UZSWU[TZ
IIJ
\
IIJ0
S[QZ
WZ
AT\
/XI\
WV
QZRY]S\
NXZR
M]S[Y[P
KZM
\MV
J U\HV
RXE]TB]YWUT]
U]
NX\PZCV
QZG5
MZ
U]S]
S[Q\
K\
WZ
NX]T\O\
Y]
[WY[TV
WNZI\J
Q]OY\D
NX]T]
SO]WZ
\O\
WOVEKZ II=B/AQNOKO;ODPQCL,PF+PKPQIQJL?JHM@
AT]S[
S[
R[<Z
\M
\Y[WUX]YWUT]
R]
WZ
Y]
WZ
J JGPFIQO<QB8/%AQ>MCOKN
O\
\O\
K[X]T\
Y]
LXHS[Q
UZX\U[X\Q\
NXZR ,
AT]S[
RZUZ
X[<ZY[
V
AZXK\Q\
\O\
\MT]Y
M]S[Y[P
QZ
QZRY]S
S][
\
NX\N]RY\S
R[P]CZL AZXK\QZ
]
[R
AXK\Y]
\M
AZXK\QZ
WT]S\
V
WU]Y[TY\GUT] TXZPZ
[KY]X[R[T]Y\Q]
[T[L
VWU]T]
V
AXKWS[Q
Vakalopoulos
WUX
6
WOVE
K\
V
AZXK\Q\
\
\MT]Y
AZXK\QZ
Y]O]MZC\
WZ
H\
Y[T
Y\S
\O\
WOVE\UZB
DX\WU\Q]YWS[L
3[S[P
LXHSZ
XZT[OVI\QZ
NXT\
"N]XO]J
TQZX[\WN[TQZR]Y\Q]
WT]S\
S[PV
QZ
RZWZU
L[
J
PZYU!
WZ
W]WU][
V
:N\R]VXVWV
\
R[YZ[
R\
Y]
NX[G
O[
[U
S]S[
WZ
V
AZX
K\
Q\
Y]O]M\
NXT\
VWU]T
S[Q\
QZ
K\[
N[R
VU\I]QZP
WO\HY\D
\O\
S[Q\
YZN[SXZUY]
R[KX]
V
F[Q
\P]
WP]UX]
UZSWU[T]
Y]WU]O\D
M]
TXZPZ
X]YIVWSZ
XZ
J
T[
OVI\QZ
>]S[
QZ
\MPZFZY
TZC
U[S[P
XZT[
J WZ
M]
AXK\Y]
\
\P]
NX]T[
VE\T]U\
WXKWS[
OV
I\QZ
7WU]T
\M
:N\R]VXVW]
QZ
[WU][
LO]TY] RXE]T
Y[
LX]<]YWUT[
XZ
+ZXZYI]
LXHSZ
N[O\U\HSZ
SVOUVXZ
\
W\PJ 6,
AUX]Y\
UXL[TI\
+]KX\S]YU\
M]Y]UO\QZ
K[O
\RZ]O]
[Y\D
S[Q\
WV
WZ
K[X\O\
M]
Y]
I\[
J \
MZPBZRQZOI\
DX\WU\Q]YWS[L
TQZX[\W
N[
J
Y]O
YV
YZM]T\WY[WU TQZR]Y\Q]
P[LV
NX\R[K\U\
NX]T]
LX]
<]
Y\
Y]
WXK
WS[L
N[HZP
KVRV
V
AZXK\Q\
WZR]P
L[R\Y]
R]Y]
\
HZWUY[
WZ
VMTO]R]QV
\O\
N[HZP
\P
9[
WV
/XI\
NXZP]
7WU]TV
\M
:N\
R]
V
J 9F]M
MT]Y\QZ
S]ST[
R]RZ
]
\Y[WUX]YI\
M]
J
XV
W]5
9]S]T
QZ
[RY[W
\MPZ<V
TZXWS[L
WOV
EZY\
[
AZXK\Q\
S]S[
[U
9F]
M]
N\WP[
\
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYU\UZU]5
8]
O\
QZ
QZ
J NX\
PZ
R]
WV
NX\X[<ZY\
AXK\
M\S
NXZRVWO[T
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYU\UZU]5 ?
S]S[
CZ
WZ
NX]T[
AXKWS[L]
LX]<]YWUT]
N[
J
9[QZ
NX\YI\NZ
V[H]T]G
V
[T[P
VWU]TV5 OV
H\U\
[UXZR\CZ
[W[K\U\
M]S[Y
,
/X]<]Y\Y
AXKWS\
W]P[
P[EZ
K\U\
H\
J
Y[T
Y\S[P
UVU[X[P
HOZY[P
[NGUZWUT]
\
II=B4AQ NOKO;ODPQ CL,PF+PKPQ IQ >L2HM@ Y]R
M\X]UZBZP
Q]TY\
\
[KGU\YWS\
M]TZRZY\J
JGPFIQO<QLN<NKPQ9B840: Q]
*VWU]Y[T],
,
AT]S\
AXK\Y
\
KZM
WT]SZ
X]MO\SZ
QZRJ
&
/XI\
WV#
Y]S
QZ
NXZR
M]S[Y\P]
AXKWS\P
S]S[
V
[KX]
J
],
WU]X[WZRZ[I\
LXHSZ
UZX\U[X\QZ
S[Q\
TZ
J Y\
U]S[
\
V
S]MY\
Y]
WT\P
WVR[T\P]
[U
Y]QJ
XVQV
V
%X\WU] P]FZL
R[
TZCZL
!LLL"
&,
AT]S[PV
LX]<]Y\YV
AXKWS[PV
[UT[XZY
QZ
K,
[Y\
S[Q\
WV
K\O\
N[R
UVXWS[P
TO]GCV
]
NVU
S
WT\P
H\Y[T\P]
V
AZXK\Q\
S]S[
WZ
W]P[
TZXVQV
V
%X\WU]
\
R[GO\
WV
\O\
CZ
R[C\
Y]
Y]<Z
R]
QZ
WN[W[K]Y
\
R[WU[Q]Y
S
F\P]
2X\
LXHSV
UZX\U[X\QV
R]
WZ
NX\RXVEZ
Y]G[Q QZRY]S[Q
WN[W[KY[WU\
\
NXZRN[WU]TB]
WZ
K[XK\
\O\
TZC
E\TZ
Y]
Y]G[Q
UZX\U[X\Q\ AXK\Y
WUX]Y[PV
T,
[Y\
S[Q\
E\TZ
Y]
UV<\P
UZX\U[X\Q]P]
]O\ ,
AT]S\
AXK\Y
\P]
NX]T[
K\X]U\
Y]H\Y
WV
X[<ZY\
[R
LXHS[L
[I] E\TBZF]
WT[L
N[
WT[Q[Q
T[B\
W]P[
S[Q\
Y\QZ
L,
WU]X[WZRZ[I\
\O\
[Y\
S[Q\
Y\WV
WU]
X[
WZ
J Y]
[KGUZY]X[RYV
GUZUV
RZ
[I\
\O\
F\D[T\
N[U[PI\
S[Q\
WV
N[
WU]
J ,
9]S[
X[K
WUVN\
Y]
AXKWSV
MZPBV
[U
O\
LX]<]Y\
WUX]Y\D
RXE]T]
NXZ
[KQ]TB\J [Y[L]
H]W]
N[WU]QZ
WO[K[RY\P
\O\
L]
S[
R[
J
61
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
TZ[
V
AZXK\QV
\O\
W]P
V
FV
N[KZL][
AXK\YV MZPBV
N[
M]TQZUV
WTZU[L
2ZUX]
K\TGZL
/[W
J
WO[K[RY[
QZ
X[K]
SVN\U\
Y[
YZ
NX[R]U\
!LLL" N[
R]X]
IXY[L[XWS[L
KZMKQZR]Y
QZ
\
YZ
WP\QZ
0,
AT]
MZPB]
S[QV
Y]X[R
AXKWS\
\P]
NX\J PV
Y\S[
Y\GU]
SX\T[
H\Y\U\
S]R
WZ
[Y
N[
GJ
Y]ROZE\
*NX\N]R],
WT]S[P
\P][IV
S][ UZY[
\
N[
Y]GZPV
MZP]BWS[PZ
M]S[Y\SV
NX\X[RY[
\P]FZ
S[Q\P
P[EZ
N[
WT[Q[Q
T[B\ TO]
R]
\
VNX]TB]
S[QZL
NX]T\IV
VE\T]
\WU[
X]WN[O]L]U\
\
S[QZ
P[EZ
RXVL[PV
NX[R]U\ S]S[
\
WT]S\
Y]G
KX]U
)XY[L[X]I
\
.X<]
J
W]P[
P[X]
V
U[P
WOVH]QV
Q]T\U\
WZ
Y]ROZEY[Q Y\Y
M]
WT]SV
N]S
W]LX\QZDV
WVR\CZ
WZ
\
TO]WU\
WT[L]
@KGUZWUT]
\
@SXVEQ]
\
NXZR VWS[SV
S]S[
GU[
[T]Q
M]S[Y\S
\ML[T]X]
F[P
NX[R]U\
QV
]
N[WOZ
YZ
P[EZ
Y]WZB]J 8ZTZRZWZU
RXVL[
T]U\
WZ
Y]
UV<V
YZSVNBZYV >
]S[
V
[T[Q
MZPB\
YZP]
Y\S]STZ
RXVLZ
Y]
J
4[T\H\C
WUX
(J&( X[RY[WU\
R[
QZR\YZ
WXNWSZ
\
Y\S]STZ
RXVLZ
TQZXZ
R[
QZR\YZ
NX]T[WO]TYZ
\WU[HYZ
U[
7N[XZR\
[T]Q
UZSWU
W]
UZSWU[P
IIJ'
]Y]
J
[NZU
WT]S\
\Y[NOZPZY\S
\
\Y[TQZX]I
P[EZ
O\
M\X]Q
[RY[W
\MPZ<V
TZXZ
\
LX]<]YWUT]
WO[K[RY[
E\T\U\
\
[YV
WO[K[RV
\
[YV
Y]GV
Y]
[WY[TV
[RO[P]S]
VWU]T]
2X[VH\
NXTZ
R[P]CV
NX]T\IV
VE\T]U\
S]S[
\
WT]S\
VWU]
TZ
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
\
NX[TZX\
R]
O\
V
F\
J
)XY[L[X]I
\
.X<]Y\Y
GU[
VE\T]
P]
\P]
YZS\D
[RXZR]K]
S[QZ
WU]UVW
LX]
<]
J
FGI;IFECJ
I
WUX
&J(
Y\Y]
TZMVQV
M]
TZX[\WN[TZWU
8]
O\
P\WO\G
R]
K\
WU]UVW
RXE]TB]Y]
UXZK]O[
R]
M]T\W\
8]Y\O[
2ZUX[T\C
ZL[G
*0&&,
[R
TZXZ5
=ZP[Q
[RL[T[X\U\
W]P[
W]
R]
\O\
Y]WOZR\[
QZ
WT[L
WUX\I]
2ZUX]

YZ
TZC
N[YVR\
\
YZS[
[KX]MO[EZFZ
V
NX\O[L
2ZUX[T\C]
ZL[G]
Y]
PZWUV
IXY[L[XWS[L
WT[L
WU]T]
\
Y]<\
NX\PZXZ
Y]
[WY[TV
\WSVWJ
TO]R]X]
'
2[GU[
QZ
[RK\[
N[O[E]Q
U]T]
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
]GU[
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
TO]R\SZ
R[K\[
QZ
MT]FZ
SF]M]
\
)XYV
/[XV
N[
WU[QZ
*\O\
YZ
N[WU[QZ,
U]STZ
M]S[YWSZ
NXZUT[X\[
V
WZSVO]XYV
SF]EZT\YV
W
Y]WOZRJ
[RXZRKZ5
8]
O\
QZ
TZX[\WN[TZWU
NXZRVWO[T
Y\P
R[WU[Q]YWUT[P
@KX]M[T]Y
\
ZYZXL\H]Y
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYU\UZU]5
8]Y\O[
WZ
VWNZGY[
K[X\[
NX[U\T
3VX]S]
)XY[L[XWS]
]XP\Q]
QZ
N[KZR\O]
[U[P]YWSV
II=B)AQPHMKOHQPKOEPQI(QHKN<PQLKNQ&MLN T[QWSV
Y]
/X]D[TIV
'
2[WOZ
\YUZXTZYI\QZ
OQ$LCP X]YIVWSZ
\
?VWUX\QZ
LX]Y\I]
\MPZ<V
@U[P]YWS[L
I]XWUT]
\
)XYZ
/[XZ
QZ
S[Y]HY[
8[
W]R
QZ
K\O]
)XY]
/[X]
\
.XR] \WU\Y] VUTX<ZY]
8]Y\O[
WZ
VNVWU\[
V
NX[IZW
IZYJ
WO[
K[RY]
]O\
Q]TY[L
M]S[Y\S]
S[Q\
CZ UX]O\M]I\QZ
\
VKXM]YZ
P[RZXY\M]I\QZ
R[YZ[
)XY[
L[XIV
\
.X<]Y\YV
WO[K[RV
VSX\QZN\U\
\ M]S[Y\S
''
7K\[
L]
QZ
QZR]Y
NX\N]RY\S
KX]Y\U\
\P]O]
Y\QZ
TZC
QZ
NX]T\I]
\
WVRK\J [N[M\I\QZ
V
9[U[XV
&
L[R\YZ
Y]
F\D[T]
W]P[
V
VWU\P]
TO]R][I]
K\O]
!LLL"
2XT[ 9]S[
WV
)XY[L[XI\
RZ+\Y\W]Y\
V
]
J
AT]S\
)XY[L[X]I
\
.X<]Y\Y
QZRY]S
QZ
NXZR S[Y\SV
SYZM]
8]Y\O]
I5
8]
O\
WV
\
NX\
J
WVR[P
R[GO\IZ
P[LOZ
R]
N[WU]YV
)XY[L[XI\5
8XVL[
AT]S[P
)XY[L[XIV
\
.X<]Y\YV
N[
Y]WO\
QZ
<Z
J
Y[Q
\
R[
W]R
W]HVT]Y[Q
WO[K[R\
[WU]QZ
\
N[ II=B%AQ !NCNOKOJP5NQ HPGN>MLODNQ CL,PFQ=
R]
Y]W
\
VY]NX\QZR
HZWU
\PVCZ
E\T[U
\
WO[J +PQKPQIQ2EPKIQ0AQLI@IKJHM>QJGPFPQ9B806:
K[R]
FZL[T]
[KZMK\QZ<ZY]
Y\U\
P[EZ
Y\
QZR]Y
)XY[L[X]I
Y\U\
.X<]Y\Y
Y\U\
WVR EPKQ 0AQ 7
;VPVY\Q\
X]MO\S]
V
TZX[\WN[
J
NX]TZRY[PZ
KX]UV
)XY[L[XIV
\
.X<]Y\YV
V TZWU\
YZ
NXZRWU]TB]
NXZNXZSV
M]
VE\T]FZ
[TZ
WTZU\FZ
R\X]U\
!LLL" \
S[X\GCZFZ
LX]<]YWS\D
\
N[O\U\HS\D
8ZTZRZWZU
NXT[ NX]T]
7WS[S
WT]S\
R[S
WUVN\
V
Y]GV
WO[K[RYV

.XR]
WV
WU]X\
Y]M\T
M]
RZ[
R]Y]GFZ
)XYZ
/[XZ
@KVDT]U]O]
WV
UZX\U[X\QV
WZR]P
NOZPZY]#
.QZO[N]TO\C]
2\NZX]
;[TH]Y]
-[X]H]Y]
.X]U[Y[E\C]
9VH]
\
1]W[QZT\C]
7
9F]EZT\Y\
\
9X]BZT\Y\
)XY[Q
/[X\
.XRWS]
Y]D\Q]
\
.XRWS]
[KO]WU
WV
K\OZ
]RP\Y\WUX]U\TYZ
QZR\Y\IZ
6<
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:

AUX]Y]I
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
TZX[\WN[TZWU
K\[
N[R
WUX]Y[P
M]GU\U[P
\O\
YZ
P[EZ
R] 8]
O\
QZ
NX[PZY]
HO]Y]

MY]H\O]
\
R[K\QZ
NX]T[
Y]
VWZBZFZ
]S[
VX]R\
WOZRZCZ# WUT]XY\
SX]Q
TZXWSZ
R\WSX\P\Y]I\QZ
],
1O]R\
N[RYZWZ
M]DUZT
R]
KVRZ
Y]UVX]O\J K]X
S]R
QZ
NX\MY]T]FZ
RXE]TB]YWUT]
V
M[T]Y
Y]TZRZ
S[O\S\P
\PZUS[P
X]WN[
O]
J N\U]FV5
U]
QZ
N[UXZKY[
R]
K\
WUX]Y]I
EZ
S[QZ
QZ
NX[+ZW\QZ
\O\
M]Y]U]
\
\MX]M\ M]UX]E\[
XVPVYWS[
RXE]TB]YWUT[5
T[BV
R]
WZ
R[WZO\
V
;VPVY\QV 9]S[
K\
U\
[RXZR\[[RXZR\O]
VWO[TZ
M]
K,
=]S[Y
N[RY[GZF]
M]DUZT]
E\T\

L[R\J R[K\Q]FZ
RXE]TB]YWUT]5
Y]
V
MZPB\
\
N[S]EZ
WZ
S][
S[X\WU]Y
LX]
J
<]Y\Y

0
@R
[T[L
N[WUVNS]
P[LV
K\U\
\MVMZUZ II=B*AQ1?MLP<I@QMQ@P5OKP@PQHMDOQJI
WOZRZCZ
[W[KZ# ?MG?OJPENQJPFN<KO2HNQOQ?LOCLI,NKN
],
@Y\
S[Q\
V
MZPBV
R[Y[WZ
\YRVWUX\QV
S[
J CL,PFNQOQ!I@IKODPQ9B6B6:
X\WYZ
\MVPZ
\O\
\MX]M\U
U]OZY]U
\O\
[Y\
S[Q\
WV
[TRZ
M]N[HZO\
TZO\SZ
N[WO[TZ
\O\ EPKQB
N[SXZYVO\
\YRVWUX\QV @RXZRKZ
W]RXE]YZ
V
HO]Y[T\P]
0
R[

[T[L
K,
@Y\
S[Q\
WV
X[<ZY\
\
[RX]WO\
V
;VPVY\Q\ AN[X]MVP]
;VPVY\Q]
NX\DT]U]
S][
M]S[Y
W
[R
X[R\UZB]
S[Q\
WV
WZ
R[WZO\O\
V
[TV
MZP
J S[Q\P
YZ
WPZ
R[C\
V
WVS[K
Y\QZR]Y
RXVL\
M]
J
BV
\
S[Q\
Y\S]R]
Y\WV
K\O\
N[R
M]GU\U[P S[Y
NX[N\W
\O\
MT]Y\HY\
]SU
Y\U\
N]S
YZSZ
WUX]YZ
MZPBZ YZS\
RXVL\
M]S[Y
NX[N\W
\O\
]SU
WPZ
FZPV
T,
@Y\
S[Q\
WV
WOVE\O\
[T[Q
MZPB\
M]
TXZPZ K\U\
Y]RXZ<ZY
X]U]
M]
YZM]T\WY[WU
\
S[Q\
WV
S[OZSU\TY[ EPKQ4
Y]UVX]O\M[T]Y\
QZRY\P
TO]R\Y\P
VS]M[P
\ ;VPVY\Q]
Y]
WZKZ
NXZVM\P]
R]
L]X]YUVQZ
E\
J
KZM
R]B\D
+[XP]O[WU\ T[U
\
WO[K[RV
WT\P
WU]Y[TY\I\P]
;VPVY\QZ

=]UVX]O\M[T]FZ
QZ
P[LVCZ
W]P[
N[
M]
J KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
N[XZSO[
Y]I\[Y]OY[WU
QZ
J
S[
YV
\
N[QZR\Y]HY[
M]
WT]S[L] M\S
X]WV
\
TZXV

(
8[YZCZ
WZ
N[WZK]Y
M]S[Y
S[Q\
CZ
[RXZ
J AT\
WU]Y[TY\I\
;VPVY\QZ
\P]QV
NX]T[
R]
R\
U\
Y]
S[Q\
Y]H\Y
WUX]YI\
P[LV
R]
WZ
R[WZJ WO[
K[RY[
\MX]E]T]QV
\
NX\T]UY[
\
Q]TY[
OZ
Y]
XVPVYWSV
UZX\U[X\QV WT]
S[
TZX[T]FZ
TZXV
\O\
TZX[\WN[TZWU

'
A]P[
;VPVY\
\
[Y\
S[Q\
WV
Y]UVX]O\M[J S[QZ
Y\QZ
V
WVNX[UY[WU\
W]
Q]TY\P
N[XZUS[P
T]Y\
P[LV
R]
N[WU]YV
N[WZRY\I\
WZ[WS[L \
Q]TY\P
P[X]O[P
R[KX]
V
;VPVY\Q\ EPKQ/
2[GU[T]CZ
WZ
WT]
NX]T]
S[Q]
WV
R[
[T[L
UXZ
J 7
WSO]RV
W
N[PZYVU\P
[RXZRK]P]
AN[X]
MV
J
YVUS]
WUZHZY] P]
;VPVY\Q]
NX\DT]U]
\
[KMY]FVQZ
R]
CZ
ATZ
U]HSZ
\
[RXZRKZ
UXZYVUY[
N[WU[QZC\D KZM
\S]ST\D
R[R]UY\D
VWO[TB]T]F]
PZ<VY]X[RY\D
S[YTZYI\QZ
[WU]QV
Y]
WY]M\ RXE]T
B]Y\
;VPVY\QZ
N[WU]U\
WT\
S[Q\
V
3NPKOQOJOQQLR
WUX
(J'
6
UXZYVUSV
WUVN]F]
Y]
WY]LV
[T[L
AN[X]MVP]
E\TZ
Y]
UZX\U[X\Q\
;VPVY\QZ
\
Y]
N[R
XVH
J
;VPVYWS\
VWU]T
\M
&&
L[R\YZ
QZ Q\P]
R[K\QZY\P
Y]
[WY[TV
-\X[TY\D
WN[J
RXE]TB]YWUT[
R]T][
W]P[
DX\GC]
Y\
J X]MVP]
W]
?VWUX\Q[P
\
-]<]XWS[P
S][
\
P]
*HO]Y
,
\
U]S[
\WSBVH\T][
4ZTXZQZ
\ [WU]O\D
N[RXVHQ]
S[Q]
;VPVY\Q\
ZTZYUV]OY[
PVW
O\P]YZ
=]
.ZXO\YWS[P
S[YLXZWV
*, P[LV
NX\N]WU\
N[R
VWO[T[P
R]
UZ
[W[KZ
Y\
J
TZO\SZ
W\OZ
WV
NX\MY]FZ
YZM]T\WY[WU\
;V
J WV
TZC
RXE]TB]Y\
YZS\D
RXVL\D
RXE]T]
PV
Y\QZ
VWO[T\OZ
NX[PZY[P
U[L
HO]Y]
;V
PVY
J \MVMZT
?VWUX\QZ
\
-]<]XWSZ
WS]
N[O\U\HS]
ZO\U]
QZ
U[
[RK\O]
]O\
Y\QZ >N]S
?VWUX\Q]YI\
\
-]<]X\
WU]X\Q\
[R

P[
LO]
RVL[
R]
WZ
[N\XZ
U]S[
R]
QZ
Y]
SX]QV L[R\Y]
\P]CZ
NX]T[
R]
WZ
NXZP]
VWO[T\P]
NX[Y]<ZY]
S[PNX[P\WY]
TZXM\Q]
M]
NX[
PZYV Y]TZRZY\P
V
AN[X]MVP\P]
[NXZRZOZ
H\QZ
CZ
WN[XY[L
HO]Y] RXE]TB]YWUT[
NX\DT]U\U\
@ROVS]
S[QV
R[
J
YZ
WZ
PVE
[RY[W\CZ
WZ
\
Y]
WVNXVLV
]
[ROVJ
1E
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
S]
X[R\UZB]
U\I]CZ
WZ
\
RZIZ
\WN[R

L[
J Y[TZ
GS[OZ
\
RXVLZ
[KX]M[TYZ
VWU]
Y[TZ
W]
R\
Y]
WU]X[WU\ NX]T[P
R]
V
F\P]
S[X\WUZ
TO]
W
U\U\
QZM\S
\
@W[KZ
S[QZ
S[X\WUZ
N[PZYVU[
NX]T[
R]
WZ WO[K[RY[
\WN[TZR]QV
WT[QV
TZXV
[NXZRZOZ
S[Q[Q
RXE]T\
EZOZ
R]
NX\N]R]QV EPKQB.
P[X]QV
R]
WZ
V
Y]XZRY\D
0
PZWZI\
NXZWZOZ 7
LX]R[T\P]
\
Y]
N[RXVHQ\P]
LRZ
E\T\
MY]
J
V
RXE]TV
M]
S[QV
WV
WZ
[NXZRZO\O\
@Y\
\P]
J U]Y
KX[Q
XVPVYWS\D
LX]<]Y]
S[Q\
YZ
L[T[X\
QV
NX]T[
R]
M]RXEZ
YZSXZUY\YZ
S[QZ
N[WZRVJ XVPVYWS\P
QZM\S[P
;VPVY\Q]
CZ
[KZMKZR\U\
QV
Y]
XVPVYWS[Q
UZX\U[X\Q\
A]
W[K[P
P[LV R]
V
[ST\XV
RXE]TY[L
[KX]M[TY[L
W\WUZP]
N[YZU\
N[SXZUYV
\P[T\YV
WT]SZ
TXWUZ
2X\ RZ
I]
U]ST\D
XVPVYWS\D
RXE]TB]Y]
V
[WY[T
J
NXZY[WV
\P[T\YZ
YZCZ
K\U\
[K]TZMY\
R] Y[Q
GS[O\
N[D]<]QV
Y]WU]TV
Y]
P]UZXFZP
NO]UZ
I]X\YV QZM\SV
@T]
[RXZRK]
YZ
\WBVHVQZ
NX]T[
XV
J
!LLL" PVY
WSZ
TO]RZ
R]
V
N[PZYVU\P
GS[O]P]
EPKQ% VTZRZ
[K]TZMV
VHZF]
XVPVYWS[L
QZM\S]
;VPVY\Q]
YZCZ
N[WU]TB]U\
K\O[
S]STZ
NXZ
J !LLL"
NXZSZ
S[X\GCZFV
NX]T]
S[QZ
N[PZYVUZ
[W[
J EPKQB4
KZ
\P]QV
NXZP]
M]SBVHZY\P
AN[
X]
MV
P\P] ;VPVY\Q]
QZ
W]LO]WY]
R]
[RXZRKZ
V
Y]TZRZ
J
\O\
WN[X]MVP\P]
S[Q\
CZ
UZS
K\U\
M]SBV
HZ
J Y\P
HO]Y[T\P]
AN[X]MVP]
S[QZ
WZ
U\HV
NX\J
Y\
\MPZ<V
A]TZMY\S]
\
?VWUX\QZ
\O\
-]
<]X
J N]RY\S]
X]WY\D
TZXWS\D
\O\
QZM\HS\D
P]
J
W
SZ
]
S[Q]
WZ
U\HV
\MK[X]
R]
O\
CZ
NX\DT]
J F\
Y]
NX\DT]U]
S][
[K]TZMV
H\QZ
WZ
N[GU[
J
U\
U\
XVPVYWS[
RXE]TB]YWUT[ T]
FZ
Y]RM\XZ
Y]
PZ<VY]X[RY[P
NO]YV
\
EPKQ* S[Q]
QZ
N[R
L]X]YI\Q[P
\LZ
Y]X[R]
!LLL"
AT\
S[Q\
WV
X[<ZY\
Y]
UZX\U[X\Q\
;VPVY\QZ www.austlii.edu.au/au/other/dfat/treaties/1920/13.html
]
Y\WV
N[
X[<ZFV
RXE]TB]Y\
RXVLZ
RXE]TZ
N[WU]QV
XVPVYWS\
RXE]TB]Y\ 2[WOZ
M]TXGZUS]
2XT[L
WTZUWS[L
X]U]
EPKQ0 X]WN]O[
WZ
?VWUX[VL]XWS[
;VWS[
\
;VPVY\Q]
KZM
R]B\D
+[XP]OY[WU\
NX\MY]QZ @WP]Y
WS[
I]XWUT[
]
Y]WU]O[
QZ
YZ
S[
O\S[
S][
XVPVYWSZ
RXE]TB]YZ
WTZ
4ZTXZQZ
S[Q\ Y[
T\D
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
R[S
WV
YZ
SZ
WU]
J
E\TZ
Y]
XVPVYWS[Q
UZX\U[X\Q\
]
YZP]QV XZ
R[
K\OZ
Y[TZ
UZX\U[X\QZ
\
KX[QYZ
Y]
I\
[
J
RXE]TB]YWUT[
YZSZ
RXVLZ
RXE]TZ Y]OYZ
P]F\YZ
8]
K\
WZ
\MKZLOZ
Y]
I\
[
Y]OYZ
UZYM\QZ
Y]
P\X[TY[Q
S[Y+ZXZYI\Q\
V
2]X\MV
EPKQ8
*6660,
UZ
P]F\YZ
WV
M]GU\CZYZ
N[WZK
J
AT\
XVPVYWS\
RXE]TB]Y\
WV
QZRY]S\
NXZR
Y\P
PZ<VY]X[RY\P
VL[T[X\P]
S[QZ
WV
[RT[QZ
J
M]S[Y[P
\
VE\T]QV
\WU]
LX]<]YWS]
\
N[O\J
Y[
N[UN\W]OZ
RXE]TZ
\WU[HYZ
\
QVL[\WU[HYZ
U\HS]
NX]T]
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
X]WV
QZM\S
\O\ :TX[NZ
TZX[\WN[TZWU
;]MO\S]
V
TZX[\WN[TZWU\
TZX\
\O\
NX\N]RJ
Y[WU\
YZS[Q
TZXWS[Q
M]QZRY\I\
YZCZ
K\U\
NXZ
J 7L[T[X\
[
P]F\Y]P]
HZWU[
WV
WP]J
NXZS]
XVPVYWS[P
RXE]TB]Y\YV
R]
VE\
T] UX]Y\
PZG]FZP
V
VYVUX]GFZ
WUT]X\
LX]<]YWS]
\
N[O\U\HS]
NX]T]
S][
GU[
WV
Y]
WVTZXZY\D
RXE]T]
[R
WUX]YZ
TZO\S\D
NX\PZX
Y]PZGUZFZ
V
RXE]TY[Q
WOVEK\
WU\J
W\O]
U]
U\
P\WO\G
[
U[PZ5
8]
O\
WV
U\
I]FZ

Q]TY\D
\O\
N[H]WY\D
+VYSI\Q]
[K]T
J
B]FZ
N[QZR\Y\D
NX[+ZW\Q]
\
U]S[
R]BZ
!LLL"L VL[
T[
X\
K\O\
OZL\U\PY\5
8]
O\
WV
\P]O\
EPKQ6 RZQWUT]5
;VPVYWS\
RXE]TB]Y\
S[Q\
NX\N]R]QV
X]WY[Q
TZXWS[Q
\O\
QZM\HS[Q
P]F\Y\
K\CZ
UXZU\X]
Y\
\WU[
\
\P]CZ
QZRY]SV
W\LVXY[WU
NXZR
M]
S[
Y[P II=B0AQ!NCNOKOJP5NQHPGN>MLODN
\
V
WT]S[RYZTY[P
E\T[UV
S][
\
RXV
L\
XVPVYJ CL,PF+PKPQIQLI@IKJHM@QJGPFIQO<QB64/A
WS\
RXE]TB]Y\
@Y\
CZ
\P]U\
QZRY]S[
NX]T[
R]
[
WT[P
UX[GSV
[WY\T]QV
T[RZ
\
S[YUX[
O\
J EPKQB
9X]BZT\Y]
;VPVY\Q]
QZ
Y]I\[Y]OY[
GV
R[KX[UT[XYZ
TZXWSZ
\
RXVG
U
TZYZ
VWU]
J QZR\YWUTZY]
\
YZRZB\T]
RXE]T]
1K
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
EPKQ%A ;VPVY\
YZM]T\WY[
[R
ZUY\HS[L
N[
J X\G
CZF]
N[O\U\HS\D
NX]T]
WUX]Y]I
P[EZ
XZSO]
QZM\S]
S[Q\P
L[T[XZ
\
TZX[\WN[TZWU\ \P]U\
NX]T]
S[Q]
\P]
;VPVY
QZR\Y[
]S[
WZ
VE\T]QV
WO[K[RV
W]TZWU\
WO[K[RV
[KX]M[J Y]UVX]O\MVQZ
@
Y]UVX]O\M]I\Q\
WZ
[ROVHVQZ
T]F]
WO[K[RV
GU]PNZ
WO[K[RV
[SVNB]F] V
WT]S[P
WOVH]QV
M]WZKY[
]
[ROVSV
R[Y[W\
\
WTZ
RXVLZ
WO[K[RZ
\
NX]T]
VWU]Y[TBZYZ -\Y\WU]XWS\
W]TZU
V
WSO]RV
W]
NXZN[XVS[P
M]S[Y[P \M
NXZWU[Y\HS[L
1XD[TY[L
WVR]
\
S]EZ
R]
EPKQ*A 2[WU[QZC\
7WU]T
\
WT\
RXVL\
M]S[Y\ N[RY[W\O]I
M]DUZT]
M]
Y]UVX]O\M]I\QV
S[Q\
WZ
U\HV
N[O\U\HS\D
NX]T]
NXZRWU]TB]J \WNV
F]T]
N[UXZKYZ
VWO[TZ
QV
YVE]Y
VWO[T
M]
VE\T]FZ
U\D
NX]T]
*VS[J 3NPKOQOJQQLR
WUX
J0
O\S[
QZ
[W[K]
;VPVY,
2[WZKY\P
M]S[Y\P]
S[Q\
WZ
R[Y[WZ
RT[
UXZ
J
8]
O\
WV
[RXZRKZ
\M
7WU]T]
[R
60
C\YWS[P
TZC\Y[P
LO]W[T]
[RXZR\CZ
WZ
L[R\YZ
NXZRWU]TB]OZ
YZS\
Y]NXZR]S
V
VWO[
T\
N[R
S[Q\P]
EZYZ
P[LV
R]
S[X\WUZ
N[XZ<ZFV
W]
NXZUD[RY\P
VWU]T\P]5
WT[Q]
N[O\U\HS]
NX]T] U]
QZ
NXZRT\<ZY[
[RXZRK]P]
S[QZ
WZ
U\HV
/X]<]YWS]
NX]T]
EZY]
CZ
K\U\
[RXZ<ZY]
Y] NX]T]
LO]W]
M]
EZYZ5
2[LOZR]Q
M]S[YZ
UT[QZ
[WY[TV
N[UNVYZ
QZRY]S[WU\
N[O[T] MZPBZ
V
%I%
\
%%
TZSV
\
N[SVG]Q
R]
NX[
Y]
J
EPKQ0A ;]MO\H\UZ
TZX[\WN[TZWU\
ZUY\HSZ <ZG
[RXZRKZ
S[QZ
WZ
[RY[WZ
Y]
NX]T[
EZY]
LXVNZ
\
QZM\I\
V
;VPVY\Q\
YZ
NXZRWU]TB]QV R]
LO]W]QV
9[QZ
WV
N[O\U\HSZ
N[WOZR\IZ
NXZNXZSV
M]
VE\T]FZ
\
S[X\GCZFZ
LX]
<]Y
J U[L]
GU[
WZ
EZY]P]
[WN[X]T]
NX]T[
LO]W]5
W
S\D
\
N[O\U\HS\D
NX]T]
U[
WZ
U\HZ
S[
J
"?3GNQ?OGP5N
;]MP[UX\
[RY[W
\MPZ<V
LX]<]YWS\D
NX]T]
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\
TZXWS[L
\RZYU\UZU]
N[O]
\
X]WZ
2[LOZR]Q
W]R]GF\
VWU]T
UT[QZ
MZPBZ
\
NX[Y]<\
VWO[TZ
M]
R[K\Q]FZ
RXE]TB]Y
J
WUT]
;]ML[T]X]QZ
[
W]R]GF[Q
W\UV]I\Q\
\
VN[XZR\
QZ
W]
W\UV]I\Q]P]
S[QZ
WV
\MYZWZYZ
V
[T\P
VWU]T\P]
\O\
W]
F\D[T\P
NX\S]M\P]
V
SF\L]P]
[
\WU[X\Q\
UT[QZ
MZPBZ
9]S[
[KQ]G
F]T]G
PZD]Y\MPZ
S[Q\
WZ
S[X\WUZ
M]
\WSBVH\T]FZ
\M
RXE]TZ5
IIFAQP;ODPQOQ;LHFP
II=B8AQPLO>LPCJHPQFPJN+NKJHP
?PGLODPL3ODPQMJIIDNQM7O2PDQCPQJNQCN;O U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
WV
BVR\
N[HZO\
RZ
J
I@NJGMQ'LO3PKJHO'QCPDIQJGPLM>L2HP I\
R]
R]QV
WU]X[LXHS]
\PZY]5
U]
P\W
J
O\G
[
WU]TV
N]UX\Q]XG\QZ5
8]
O\
QZ
V
XZRV
R]
O@NKPQ9B8B6:
WZ
TZXWSZ
WU]XZG\YZ
PZG]QV
V
[ROVSV
X[
R\
J
UZB]
S]ST[
CZ
\PZ
R]U\
WT[P
RZUZUV5
8]
O\
@RWS[X]
VTZRZY
[K\H]Q
R]
WZ
SXGUZY[Q K\
V
[T[Q
WUT]X\
PZG]FZ
RXE]TY\D
TO]WU\
RZI\
R]QV
WU]X[LXHS]
\PZY]
!LLL" WP]UX]P[ K\O[
\WU[
U]S[
YZNX\PZXZY[5
9[Q]
WV
\PZY]
M]
N[UNVY[
YZNX\SO]R]Y
\
M]
Y]H\Y
R]
WZ NXZ[TO]R]T]O]
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
U[S[P
XIX TZ
J
N[S]EZ
NXZM\X
NXZP]
DX\GC]YWS\P
\PZY\J S]5
?
R]Y]W5
U]
P\WO\G
R]
O\
WV
\PZY]
P]
R]SOZ
N[WU[Q\
N[UXZK]
R]
WZ
VTZRV K\
O]
\
[MY]S]
TZXWS[L
XZL\[Y]OY[L
\O\
Y]
J
TXO[
WUX[L]
NX]T\O]
!LLL" I\
[Y]OY[L
\RZYU\UZU]5
9[
P[EZ
R]
[ROVHVQZ
Dimaras
WUX
&( [
\RZYU\UZUV5
1B
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
II=B6AQNHPQ@O3+N5PQMQPIGMKM@ODOQ KZ
C\
Y]I\QV
\
WUT]X]QVC\
TZXWS\
X]WS[O
S[
J
>L2HNQ;LHFNQIQMCKMJIQKPQPLO>LPCJHI Q\
CZ
R[TZWU\
R[
VYVUX]GF\D
WO]K[WU\
\
FPJN+NKJHIQ?PGLODPL3ODIQ9B8//: UZG
S\D
WVS[K]
PZ<V
KX]C[P
3]S[
T\
Y]
SX]
QV
RXE]TV
/XS]
WT[R\UZ
Y]
NXZVWSZ
LX]
J
AQNMHENGQPL@PHOCNJ(Q?LOJGPEO;P Y\
IZ
\
[YZP[LVC]T]UZ
Y]NXZR]S
SX]
BZ
T\
J
PIGMKM@ODNQ YZ
/XHSZ
S[QV
N[RXE]T]
\
W]P
.[L
H\Y\UZ
U[
X]M]X]QVC\
*[NZU
[Y[O\S[
S[O\S[
QZ
V
T]
J
)XST]
9X]BZT\YZ
/XHSZ
QZ
QVY]

L[
R\
J G[Q
P[C\,
Y]RZ
\
EZBZ
H\U]TZ
QZRYZ
Y]I\J
YZ
NX[LO]W\O]
]VU[Y[P\QV
\
YZM]T\WY[WU QZ
S][
\
PY[L\D
TZS[T]
\
PY[GUT]
DZ
OZ
Y[
J
!LLL" /XHS\
Y]X[R
N[GU[
QZ
NX[LO]W\[
WT[QV +\O
WS\D
DX\GC]YWS\D
Y]X[R]
@
BVR\
N[
O\U\HSV
YZM]T\WY[WU
NXZR
.[L[P
\
BV
R\
J M]X
QZ
P[LVCZ
R]
WUZ
U]ST\5
P]
Q[G
[R
N[HZUS]
WO]TYZ
XZT[OVI\QZ
!LLL" Oikonomos
WUX
&J
U]S[<Z
QZ
[KMY]Y\[
R]
QZ
FZL[T]
)XST]
]VU[Y[PY]
\
YZM]T\WY]
HPHMQDNQ;O+Q5NQ>MQ= 7N[XZR\
[T]
RT]
UZSWU]
9[Q\
WZ
FNQ JFNGNQ 7ML7NQ OQ ;LHFNKPQ OQ ?MEOGO2HP ]XLVPZYU\
V
F\P]
\MY[WZ5
U]
KN<PFOJKMJG !LLL"
Y\QZ
K\O]
N[UXZKY]
Y\
J P\WO\G
M]GU[
QZ
M]
LXHSV
RXE]TV
T]EY[
S]ST]
N[WZKY]
R[MT[O]
\O\
NX\WU]Y]S R]
\P]
]VU[Y[PYV
IXSTV5
N[GU[
N[O\U\HS]
]VU[Y[P\Q]
\RZ
N[RXVSV
W
]VU[Y[P\Q[P
)XSTZ
TZC
N[
W]P[P
TZX[
T]
FV
2X]T[WO]TYZ
IXSTZ
!LLL" KZM
\S]STZ
N[
UXZKZ II=4.AQ NHLNGQ MQ IJ?MJGPF+P5IQ FEPJGO
M]
N[WZKY\P
]SU[P
\O\
WN[X]MVP[P
QZX
UZXJ JOKMCPQIQ!I@IKJHMDQ?LPFMJEPFKMDQ;LHFO
\U[X\Q]
\
)XST]
WV
QZRY]
\WU]
WUT]X
!LLL" 9B8*):
Matalas
WUX
(6
$O]Y

;VPVYWS]
NX]T[WO]TY]
IXST]
QZWUZ
2[GU[
QZ
R[K\O]
YZM]T\WY[WU
/XHS] \
K\CZ
YZM]T\WY]
[R
K\O[
S[QZ
WUX]YZ
IXS
J
QZ
P[X]O]
R]
XZG\
\
N\U]FZ
IXSTZ TZ
YZ
TO]WU\
V
N[LOZRV
WT[QZ
[XL]Y\M]I\QZ
\
1ZC\Y]
/XS]
QZ
NX]T[WO]TY]
]
N]UX\Q]XD
\M XZR]
)]X\LX]R]
QZ
K\[
N[R
TO]GCV
3VX]S]
8]
YZ $O]Y
0
=]
HZOV
;VPVYWSZ
IXSTZ
H\QZ
QZ
QZ
J
K\
\
R]BZ
K\O]
N[RXZ<ZY]
@WP]YWS[P
R\YWUT[
[O\HZY[
V
ATZU[P
W\Y[RV
Y]O]MZ
I]XWUTV
/XHS]
NX]T[WO]TY]
IXST]
QZ
NXZS\
J
YV
O]
[RY[WZ
W]
)]X\LX]RWS[P
N]
UX\
Q]X
J
WZ
P\UX[N[O\U\
\
ZN\WS[N\
]
V
VNX]TB]FV
G\Q[P
VHYZ
X]WNX]TZ
[
U[P
N\U]FV
[TRZ \P
N[P]EV
ZN\WS[NWS\
W\Y[R\
WV
\OVWUX[T]YZ
UZSWU[T\P]
\M
NZX]
3Z[
SOZ
J $O]Y

ATZU\
W\Y[R
;VPVYWSZ
IXSTZ
QZ
V
U]
]XP]S\RZW]
*(&,
\
9[YWU]YU\Y] R[LP]UWS[P
QZR\YWUTV
WTZUZ
NX]T[WO]TYZ
:S[Y[P[W]
*', TZXZ
W]
TZO\S[P
\WU[HY[P
IXST[P
N[WXZRJ
WUT[P
W]TZU[T]F]
W]
1]WZBZYWS[P
N]UX\J
Q]XG\Q[P
V
)]X\LX]RV
$AQ MKJGPKGOKQ HMKM@MJ(Q ?LMGOFKOH $O]Y
(
ATZU\
W\Y[R
;VPVYWSZ
IXSTZ
H\YZ#
PIGMKM@ODNQ J
P\UX[N[O\U\
J
ZN\WS[N\
9[QZ
WV
WTZ
PVSZ
MK[L
WO[K[RYZ
/XHSZ
M]RZJ J
XVPVYWS\
]XD\QZXZQ\
W\OZ
Y]GV
KX]CV
S[Q]
WV
WZ
Y]GO]
T]Y J
UX\
NXZRWU]TY\S]
WT]SZ
ZN]XD\QZ
\M]
KX]
J
RXE]TY\D
LX]Y\I]5
?
T\
UX]E\UZ
R]
\D
YZ Y]
[R
WUX]YZ
WTZU[TY[L
WTZGUZYWUT]
\
[Y\
M[TZP[
Y\
/XI\P]
Y\
KX]C[P
TZC
WU]
Y[T
Y\
J P[LV
K\U\
\O\
\M
XZR]
WTZGUZY\S]
V
U[Q
N]
J
I\P]
3VXWSZ
\
N[R]Y\I\P]
[Y[L]
GU[
Y]M\J X[
D\Q\
\O\
O]\S]
S[Q\
N[MY]QV
IXSTZY[
T]UZ
IXST[P
S[Q]
QZ
V
X[NWUTV
1\
U]S[ VHZFZ
RZS]Y\
\M
4]G\Q]
\
.VSVXZGU]
[US\
R]UZ
*S[O\S[
L[R
QZ
U[
V
T]G[Q
P[C\, !LLL"
/XHSV
[R
/XHSZ
\
/XSZ
QZRYZ
[R
RXVL\D
RX[
J $O]Y
&
=\S]R]
\
Y\
\M
S[Q\D
X]MO[L]
1;
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
ATZU\
W\Y[R
;VPVYWSZ
NX]T[WO]TYZ
IXSTZ TZXZ
QZ
\MY]R
N[QP]
Y]I\QZ
\
S]U[O\HS\
YZ
WPZ
R]
VP]F\
\O\
[YZP[LVC\#
WO[K[RV WTZGUZY\I\
S[Q\
WOVG]QV
Y]XZRKZ
\M
;\P]
W]
TZWU\
\
TZXWSV
U[OZX]YI\QV
]S[Y\
TZX
J [RTX]C]QV
BVRZ
[R
N[KVYZ
=]QY]NXZRY\Q\
W
SZ
U[OZX]YI\QZ
WV
V
WT]S[P
N[LOZRV
V
Y]R
J PZ<V
F\P]
WV
WZ
[LX]Y\H\O\
Y]
U[
R]
Y]
O]
J
OZEY[WU\
M]S[Y[R]TY\D
WSVNGU\Y] U\YWS[P
GU]PN]QV
N[M\TZ
WVWZRY[Q
S]
U[
J
4ZM\S
NX]T[WO]TYZ
TZXZ
V
IXST]P]
G\X[P O\HS[Q
W\O\
!?VWUX[VL]XWS[Q" R]
WZ
NXZ
WU]
J
MZPBZ
M]VTZS
CZ
K\U\
XVPVYWS\ YZ
W
VLFZU]T]FZP
=Z
UXZK]
WZ
HVR\U\
GU[
Murgescu
WUX
0''J0'& \
R]BZ
N[WU[Q\
YZW]LO]WQZ
\MPZ<V
UZ
RTZ
TZXZ
!NX]T[WO]TYZ
\
S]U[O\HSZ"
@WP]YWS[
8ZSXZU
QZ
\MR][
SYZM
?OZSW]YR]X
4[]Y I]XWUT[
YZ
KX\YZ
[
[KX]M[T]FV
DX\GC]Y]
9VM]
*'6&&,
V
TXZPZ
\MK\Q]F]
\
U[
W]
R[KX\P
X]MO[L[P#
[Y[
VO[LV
NX[
WTZ
J
WVS[K]
W]
)]X\LX]RWS[P
N]UX\Q]XG\Q[P
MK[L
[RVM\P]F]
IXSTZY\D
R[K]X]
*&,
8ZSXZU
C\
T]F]
[WU]TB]
IXST\
GU[
NX\X[RY[
QZ
K\[
NXT\
S[X]S
V
WUT]X]FV
Y]I\
[
Y]OYZ N[R
X]MVPZT]
R]
WTZGUZY\I\
V
WT[P
Y]VH]
J
NX]T[WO]TYZ
IXSTZ
Y]S[Y
HZL]
QZ
VWOZ
R\O[ T]
FV
N[O]MZ
[R
X]MO\H\U[WU\
RTZQV
IXS]T]
NX[LO]GZFZ
]VU[SZ+]OY[WU\
*',
\ S][
[R
[WY[TZ
M]
WTZ
R]BZ
>WD[R
U]ST[L
NX[LO]GZFZ
;VPVYWSZ
NX]T[WO]TYZ
IXSTZ W\WUZP]
QZ
[H\LOZR]Y
\
S[K]Y#
NX]T[WO]TY]
M]
N[WZKYV
N]UX\Q]XG\QV
*60', RZI]
[R
\LVP]Y]
S]U[O\HS]
RZI]
[R
+X]
J
U]
X]
\
PVWO\P]YWS]
RZI]
[R
VOZPZ
VHZ
W]
J
P[
R]
PXMZ
QZRY]
RXVLV
\
U[
QZ
[Y[
V
HZPV
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
QZ
M]
XVPVYWSV WV
Y]
SX]QV
SX]QZT]
QZR\Y[
\
VWNZGY]
S]R
RXE]
TV
K\O[
U[O\S[
T]EY[
R]
\P] [RX]WUV
M]WZKYV
\
YZM]T\WYV
IXSTV5
9]S[
RXE]
J Yriarte
T]
[KZMKZ<VQZ
S[YUX[OV
Y]R
IXST[P5
9]STZ
QZ
[RY[WZ
;VPVYWS]
IXST]
M]
RX
J ?Y]O\M\X]Q
S]S[
QZ
[N\W]Y
[RY[W
\MPZ
<V
TZXWS[L
\
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYJ
E]
O]
W]
)]X\LX]RWS[P
N]UX\Q]XG\Q[P5
7N[XZR\
[T]Q
UZSWU
W]
UZSWU[T\P]
IJ
\ U\UZU]
V
S]U[O\HS[Q
\
NX]T[WO]TY[Q
IJ0&
IXST\
V
.[WY\
8]
O\
WZ
WO]EZG
W
P\G
J
BZ
FZP
R]
RZI]
S[Q]
WV
[RL]Q]Y]
\WSBV
J
H\
T[
V
WT[Q[Q
TZX\
VHZ
W]P[
R]
PXMZ
II=4BAQM@NKGPLQLPK;IJHM>QKMFOKPLP QZRY]
RXVLV5
9]S[
K\
WZ
U]STZ
W\UV]I\QZ
PLEPQLODPLGNPQKPQJGPFMFN P[LOZ
\MKZC\5
?LPFMJEPFKO'QOQHPGMEO2HO' 9]ST]
QZ
K\O]
VO[L]
TZXZ
V
Y]I\[Y]OY[P
JFN3GNKOHPQMQMCKMJIQO<@NIQFNLNQO N[SXZUV
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\5
KP;ODNQIQ$MJKOQ9B80%#B80*:
2X]T[WO]TY\
WTZGUZY\I\
WV
TZ[P]
KO\WS\ II=44AQ$I>PLJHOQIJGPFQO<QB806AQMQ?MEM,PDI
W]
BVR\P]
WT[QZ
TZXZ
\
YZ
UXZK]
R]
WZ
HV
J $I>PLJHNQ?LPFMJEPFKNQ;LHFN
R\
P[
GU[
WV
T[<Z
N[SXZU]
!P\WO\
WZ
Y]
VWU]
Y]S
V
.[WY\
'
L[R\YZ" VLO]TY[P $O]Y

8XE]TY]
TZX[\WN[TZWU
V
SYZ
EZ
J
K\O\
U\
LXHS[JNX]T[WO]TY\
WTZGUZY\I\
S[
J T\
Y\
.VL]XWS[Q
QZ
NX]T[WO]TBZ
Q\
YZ
W]P[
R]
WV
R]O\
MY]S
M]
N[HZU]S
KVYZ $O]Y

.VL]XWS\
SYZM
\
FZL[T\
Y]WOZRY\J
TZC
WV
\
W]P\
VMZO\
NVGSZ
V
XVSZ
\
N[TZO\ I\
P[X]QV
K\U\
NX]T[WO]TYZ
TZXZ
]O\
NXT\
WT[Q
Y]X[R
V
K[XKV
]
UZ
BVRZ
WV
TZX]
\ \M]KX]Y\
KVL]XWS\
SYZM
P[EZ
\MVMZUY[
R]
X]W]
\O\
Y]I\Q]
U[O\S[
WO\HY\
R]
QZ
XZH M]RXE\
WT[QV
NXT[K\UYV
TZXV
"AXK\Y!
N[HZO]
R]
MY]H\
\WU[
GU[
\
XZH $O]Y
6
.VL]XWS]
SYZEZT\Y]
V
N[LOZRV
"NX]
T[WO]T]I!
9]U[O\I\
U[
T\RZ
RXV
L]
H\
J IXSTZ
H\Y\
YZRZB\TV
IZO\YV
W]
.VL]XWS[P
QZ#
M]
S]U[O\HSZ
WTZGUZY\SZ
V
.[WY\
N[Q]P IXST[P
S[Q]
QZ
N[RXZ<ZY]
ATZU[P
W\Y[RV
1>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
ATZU\
W\Y[R
QZ
Y]QT\G\
RVD[TY\
]VU[X\UZU
V =\S[O]
2]G\C
*('60&,
QZR]Y
[R
.VL]XWS[Q
IXST\
LRZ
L[R
[Y
K\[
7
N\U]
F\
J T[RZC\D
WXNWS\D
RXE]TY\S]
[R
SX]Q]
P]
R[LPZ
\
TZXZ
SYZEZT\Y]
\M
\WU[L
X]M
O[
J XIX TZS]
N]
WTZ
R[
RT]RZWZU\D
L[R\Y]
XX
L]
[WU]QZ
V
QZR\YWUTV
W]
>WU[HY[P
IXST[P TZS]
2[WOZ
WUVR\Q]
UZDY\SZ
VG][
QZ
V
N[O\J
Konstituci
WUX
& U\SV
\

L[R\YZ
[WY[T][
=]X[RYV
X]
R\
J
S]O
YV
WUX]YSV
7
YZS[O\S[
Y]TX]U]
K\[
NXZR
WZRY\S
TO]RZ
]GU[
WZ
V
[T[P
VWU]TV
VXZ<VQV
\
IXS
J
TZY]
N\U]F]5
>P]
O\
YZS\D
[RXZ
R]
J
K]
S[QZ
WZ
U\HV
TZXZ
\
IXSTZ
V
VWU]
TV
S[Q\ 9]ST]
QZ
VO[L]
IXSTZ
N[
P\GBZFV
QZ
R]Y]W
Y]
WY]M\
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\5 N\WI]
[T[L
UZSWU]5
9]S[
[Y
[NX]TR]J
T]
N[WU[QZCZ
[RY[WZ
\MPZ<V
Y]X[R]
\
II=4/AQO3+N5NQOHMENQ-P3OPQMQMCKM= RXE]TZ5
U]
P\WO\G
GU]
L]
QZ
Y]TZO[
JIQJL?JHM>QKPLMCPQOQ?LPFMJEPFKNQ;LHFN R]
Y]N\GZ
[TZ
XZR[TZ5
9B86.:
#4)AQ JGM2KM=?LPFMJEPFKPQ LNEO>ODP
"Q?LPFMJEPFKMDQ;LHFO
2XZP]
U[PZ
Q]WY[
QZ
M]GU[
QZ
NX]T[WO]TY] HPMQCL,PFKPQLNEO>ODPQIQLKMDQ&MLO
IXST]
\
Y]X[RY]
IXST]
]GU[
QZ
UZGFZ
WTZM]Y]
\
WX]WO]
W
RVG[P
S]ST[L
Y]X[R] $O]Y
#
?VU[SZ+]OY]
NX]T[WO]TY]
-\UX[N[J
S[Q\
QZ
\WN[TZR]
Y[
GU[
U[
P[EZ
K\U\
S]U[
J O\Q]
V
9F]EZT\Y\
)XY[Q
/[X\
S][
HO]Y
QZR\YZ
O\HS]
IXST]
!LLL" @UVR]
WZ
!Y]M\T]QV" WXNWS] WTZUZ
S]U[O\H]YWSZ
\
]N[WU[OWSZ
IXSTZ
S[Q[Q
IXST]
KVL]XWS]
IXST]
LXHS]
IXST]
XVWS] QZ
N]WU\XZJY]HZOY\S
\
LO]T]
/[WN[R
\
.[L
Y]G
IXST]
!LLL" >WVW
%X\WU[W
HVT]
\
[RXE]T]
QZR\YWUT[
V
R[LJ
ATZ
U[
VSVNY[
VMZTG\
WO[TZYWS]
NX]
T[
J P]U\P]
\
V
S]Y[Y\HS\P
VWU]Y[T]P]
W]
WT\P]
WO]TY]
IXST]
WN[QZY]
QZ
[R
N[HZUS]
W]
Y]
J RXVL\P]
NX]T[WO]TY\P
]VU[SZ+]OY\P
IXST]J
X[R\P]
WO]TZYWS\P
S[Q\
WV
Q[Q
[WU]O\ P]
\
[T[
CZ
QZR\YWUT[
[Y]
HVT]U\
\
[RXE]T]U\
TZXY\
W]HVT]O]
U\P
Y]X[R\P]
WT[QWUT] R[
T\QZS]
WO]TZYWS]
S]X]SUZXYZ
IXUZ
\
Y]X]T\
S[QZ $O]Y
00#
@ROVSZ
ATZU[L
A\Y[R]
[
WV
W]R
UZS
N[RZWYZ
R]
NX\DT]UZ
XZMVOU]UZ WN[B]GF\P
N[WO[T\P]
R]
N[WU]YV
R]
Y]G
FZL
Y]NXZUS]
!LLL" \MTXGYZ
\
M]
WT]S[L
[K]TZMYZ
N[UXZK\U[
1IFNLNKOGNGQKPLMCP \P
QZ
TXD[TY[
9F]EZTWS[
[R[KXZFZ
!LLL" =]X[R
WXNWS\
N[R\L][
QZ
W]P
WXNWSV
#4)PA"CLNC7NQ MQ FDNLMOJ?MFODNJGOQ O<
RXE]TV
N[R\L][
QZ
SXTBV
UXVR[P
\
VPZ
J
FZP
WT[Q\P
\
[Y]
Y[W\
Y]
WZK\
NZH]U
FZY[L JGPFPQ5P,NFOKNQLKNQ&MLNQB6.%A
UT[XI]
\
N[UNVY[
QZ
RZP[SX]UWS]
!LLL"
7
WTZ
J
WU\
Y]X[R]
R]
QZ
W]P
S[T]H
WT[QZ
RXE]TZ $O]Y
(#
"8XE]TY]
TQZX]
V
)XY[Q
/[X\
QZ
N[H\T]
\
Y]X[RY\
WVTZXZY\UZU
Y]X[RY] \WU[HY[NX]T[WO]TY]
)XY[L[XWS]
QZ
IXST]
Y]Q
T\G]
TO]WU
!LLL"
TO]WU
Y]R
TO]WU\P] ]VU[SZ+]OY]
ATZ
[WU]OZ
TQZX[\WN[T\J
TXD[TY]
TO]WU
Y]R
WT\P]
TO]WU\P]
QZPWUJ QZWU\
WO[K[RYZ
WV
V
)XY[Q
/[X\
$O]Y
0#
T[
QZ
R]
Y]X[RY\
E\T[U
YZ
P[EZ
R]OZS[ AO[K[RY[
\
Q]TY[
\MTXG]T]FZ
TQZX[M]S[YJ
M]WUX]Y\U\
R]
VWUX[QWUT]
YZY]X[RY]
\]S[ WS\QZD
[KXZR]
\P]QV
V
)XY[Q
/[X\
WTZ
NX\MJ
WZ
S]RJS]R
NX[TVSV
S]R
Y]X[R
U]S[XZC\ Y]UZ
TQZX[\WN[T\QZWU\
$O]Y
&#
WN]T]
[NZU
YZ
P[LV
S[XZY]
VDT]U\U\
\ ]KX]FVQZ
WZ
WT]S]
X]RF]
VNX]TBZY]
[WU]U\
RVL[
V
E\T[UV NX[U\T
\WU[HY[JNX]T[WO]TYZ
IXSTZ
V
)XY[Q
/[X\
*NX[MZO\U\M]P,
2]G\C
WUX
0J06

6 ?YRX\Q]GZT\C
WUX
&

((0
17
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
II>AQKLPJGLIHGILPQKP;OMKPEKNQCL,PFN
II=4%AQKP2PDQLP<FMDPQ<PKPGPQ<PQ@PEIQKP;O= 9[Q\
WZ
Y]I\[Y]OY\
]XLVPZYU\
DIQ#Q?LO@NLQ&L2HNQ9B8)B: S[X\WUZ
S]S[
K\
WZ
BVR\
VKZR\O\
R]
P]O]
MZPB]
P[X]
R]
X]MT\Q]
\YRVWUX\J
=ZP]
WVPFZ
R]
X]MY[TXWY\
M]Y]U\ QV5
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
WV
ZS[Y[PWS\
[P[LV
C ]
T ]QV
Y]I\Q\
R]
KVRZ
WXZCY]
.ZM ]XLVPZYU\
N[TZM]Y\
W]
Y]I\[Y]OY\P5
\YRVWUX\QZ
Y]I\Q]
Y\S]S[
YZ
P[EZ
R]
Y]NXZRVQZ
\
N[TZC]
WT[QV
P[C
Y]
S[NYV
\ 1EAQ%AQ-MFN<PKMJGQCL,PFKNQ?LOFLNCN
P[XV
]S[
WZ
YZ
VTZRV
X]MY[TXWY\ JPQ?LNCJGPFP@PQMQKP;ODOQ#Q?LFP
Y]H\Y\
NX[\MT[RFZ
Y]I\Q]
CZ
P[X]U\ KMF2PKO;PQMCQ%..QCLP'@OQHMDIQDNQO<CPEP
R]
WZ
[WO[Y\
W]P[
Y]
NX\
X [RYZ
XZWVXWZ P;OMKPEKPQ7PKHPQ&L2HNQ9B8)B:
\
YZCZ
P[C\
R]
WZ
X]MT\Q]
Y\
+\M\HS\
Y\
P[X]OY[
!LLL" 8XVL\P
XZH\P]
Y]I\Q]
KZM
\YRVWUX\QZ
M]VTZS
CZ
K\U\
W\X[P]GY]
M]VTZS
CZ
V
M]QZRY\I\
Y]X[R]
[WU]
U \
N]W\TY]
\
KZMY]H]QY]
[KQZSU
T[BZ
[TZ
\O\
[YZ
P[CY\QZ
Y]I\QZ
S[Q]
QZ
[Q]H]O]
YZ
M]DT]BVQVC\
WT[Q[Q
NX\X[RY[Q
OZN[U\
VPZ
X Z
Y [Q
SO\P\
\O\
NO[RY[P
UOV
\O\
N]S
WT[Q[Q
KX[QY[WU\
\
NX\X]GU]QV
TZC
\WSBVJH\T[
M]DT]BVQVC\
[RXE]T]FV
G\XZFV
\
VW]TX
G ]
T ]FV
UXL[T\YZ
\
N[QZJ
R\Y\D
NX\TXZRY\D
LX]Y]
AU[L]
WV
\ Kathimerini
WUX
(
NXZ<]GFZ
\
R]Y]GFZ
P[CYZ
Y]I\QZ
N[WU]OZ
NXTZ
PZ<V
ZTX[NWS\P
W\O]P]
\ U]
WTZ
T\R\G
Y]
[T[Q
Y[TH]Y\I\5
[YZ
WV
TXDVY]I
WT[QZ
WO]TZ
TZ
O \
J 9]S
T[
QZ
MY]HZFZ
WTZL]
U[L]5
]GU[
H]QY[WU\
\
VMT\GZY[WU\
R[WZLOZ
M]DJ RXE]T]
P[X]
R]
\P]
WT[QV
T]OVUV5
9[Q\
T]BVQVC\
K[L]UWUTV
S[QZ
WU\HV
SX[M WV
IXUZE\
\
W\PK[O\
Y]
Y[TH]Y\I]P]
V
\YRVWUX\QV
\
WN[BYV
UXL[T\YV UT[Q[Q
MZPB\5
U]
P\WO\G
R]
O\
S[T]Y\
Y[T]I
\
N]N\XYZ
Y[TH]Y\IZ
A
.
"')!'%(('!
RYZTY\
O\WU
?%
0&
0
(
R[NX\Y[WZ
V[KO\H]T]FV
Y]I\QZ
\
NXZRJ
KX
0
V#
Psalidopoulos
WUX
''
WU]T]
[
Y]I\Q\5
?S[
QZ
U]S[
[YR]
S]S[5
II=4*AQEM>PQ,NEN<KO;NQIQDP2P5IQKP;OM= KVRVCY[WU
MZPBZ
\
WV[HZ
WZ
W]
NXZM\X[P
KPEKNQCL,PFNQ#Q?LO@NLQ!I@IKODNQ9B806: MLX[
EZYZ
:TX[NZ
=\S[
YZ
M]YZP]XVQZ
H\FZY\IV
R]
Y]
[KZ
7
[T[P
N[LO]TBV
Q[G
UXZK]
R]
S]EZP[
R] WUX]YZ
-\OH[T]
\MVMZT
[Y\D
S[Q\
WV
\WSXZ
J
QZ
VU\I]Q
EZOZMY\IZ
Y]
[K\H]QZ
NX\X[RV Y\
\
NX\Q]UZBWS\
Y]SO[FZY\
XVPVYWS[Q
[RY[W]
PZ<V
N[SX]Q\Y]P]
\
VTZC]FZ
K[L]UJ Y]I\Q\
[Y\D
S[Q\
Y]
WXZCV
H\YZ
TZC\YV
WUT]
PY[L[
TZC\
PY[L\
WZ
N\U]QV
D[CZ
O\ \P]
\
RXVL\D
S[Q\
E]OZ
MK[L
QZR\YWUTZY[
WU\
VWNZU\
R]
X]MK\QV
RX]L[IZY[
Y]I\[Y]OY[ -[OR]T[J;VPVY\QZ
S][
\
[Y\D
S[Q\
WT[QZ
QZR\YWUT[
R]
O\
QZ
P[LVC
NXZ[SXZU
S[Q\
K\ PX]HYZ
NXZUFZ
SX\QV
N[R
TZO[P
YZM]T\WJ
EZOZO\
]
YZP]QV
R[T[BY[
DX]KX[WU\
R]
U[ Y[WU\
\
O\KZX]O\MP]
N[SVG]T]QVC\
R]
UZ
S]EV
]
YZS\
WV
H]S
WNXZPY\
R]
EXUTVQV WT[QZ
NX[QZSUZ
[WUT]XZ
MO[VN[UXZK[P
Y]
J
1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
X[R
Y[L
X]WN[O[EZF]
>N]S
P[EZP[ II=48AQ "?OJQ 7I>PLJHNQ ,NEN<KO;NQ HLPDN@
N[UTX
R\
U\
R]
CZ
S]R]
WP]F\
X]MR]B\YV XIX FNHP
PZ<V
HO]
Y[T\P]
TZO\SZ
XVPVYWSZ
N[
X[
J
R\IZ
S]
R]
PVRX[P
S[PK\Y]I\Q[P
EZ
OZM
J ]
TXZPZ
UVXWSZ
TO]R]T\YZ
\MLX]<ZY]
EZ
J
Y\HS\D
U]S
W\
[O]SG]
SXVEZFZ
X[KZ
\
BV
J OZM
Y\I]
S[Q]
QZ
N[TZM\T]O]
4]PK[O
W]
4ZR
J
R\
EZ
OZM
Y\I]
N[WU]U\
QZRY[
[R
Y]Q
T]E
Y\
J XZ
Y[P
\
>WU]YKVO[P
K\O]
QZ
V
TO]WY\GUTV
Q\D
[XV
<]
M]
WO]P]FZ
N[PZYVU\D
XZUX[J K]X[Y]
%\XG]
!]VWUX\QWS[L
4ZTXZQ]
\
P\
J
LX]RY\D
UZY
RZYI\Q]
\
Z+\S]WY[
R[NX\YZU\ O\[
YZX]"
1]L[Y\
WV
K\O\
P]O\
\
N[RZBZY\
\WNV
FZ
FV
TZO\SZ
EZBZ
XVPVYWSZ
Y]I\QZ# Y]
S]K\YZ
S]K\YZ
WV
\P]OZ
TX]U]
Y]
[KZ
VQZR\FZFV
WT\D
RZO[T]
WU]XZ
8]S\QZ WUX]YZ
]
\WNXZR
TX]U]
WV
K\OZ
RVL]HSZ
RXTZYZ
WUZNZY\IZ
S[QZ
WV
S[X\WU\O\
S[YJ
#"$
WUX
'J'0 RVSUZX\
@Y\
WV
WZ
VTZS
\MYZY]R]
N[Q]TB\J
T]O\
Y]
TX]U\P]
SVNZ]
S][
\LX]HSZ
S[QZ
9[YWU]YU\Y
>
.X]U\Q]YV
*(( \WS]HV
\M
SVU\QZ
Y[CV
WV
Y[W\O\
P]OZ
O]P
J
6,
T[QY\
U[N[LX]+
[+\I\X NZ
Y]
L]W
[KZGZYZ
[S[
TX]U]
ZOZMY\HS\
LZYZX]O
GU]K]
S]WY\QZ
LZYZX]O
\
HO]Y WOVEKZY\I\
WV
Y[W\O\
WUX]YZ
VY\+[XPZ
XVPVYWSZ
?S]RZP\QZ TZC\Y]
WV
K\O\
4ZXPZY\
\O\
ZT]YU\YI\
\
Y\WV
L[T[X\O\
KVL]XWS\
@MY]SZ
Y]
EZOZM
J
Y\H
S\P
WU]Y\I]P]
WV
K\OZ
Y]
+X]YIVWS[P
ZOZMY\I]
N[RWU\HZ
P[RZXY\M]I\QV
]
T[M[T\
WV
N[O]M\O\
Y]S[Y
GU[
K\
WZ
MT[
J
NX\TXZRZ
]O\
QZ
\
MY]H]QY[
WXZRWUT[
Y[
[LO]W\O[
UX\
NVU]
AT]S[
NVU[T]FZ
M]
V
WUT]X]FV
Y]I\QZ
U]
QZ
M]
9XZPZYO\
QZ
K\O[
TZWZ[
R[E\TB]Q
NVY
YZ
J
.X]U\Q]YV]
T]EY\QZ5
]GU[5
9]S[
WZ
\MTZWY[WU\
\
Y[T\D
M]Y\PB\T\D
WUT]X\
P[EZ
[KQ]WY\U\
N[UXZK]
M]
\MLX]RF[P
ZOZMY\HS]
WU]Y\I]
T[M[T\
WUX]YI\
YZ
J
EZOZMY\IZ5
N[MY]U\
QZM\I\
-[L][
WZ
[WZU\U\
RVD
TZ
J
O\S[L
\
YZN[MY]U[L
WTZU]
K\[
QZ
U[
SX]U]S
II=40AQO3+N5NQ7I>PLJHM>QHKNPQ9B806#B88*:QM
+\
QV
QZ
K\O[
NX]T]
ZSWNZR\I\Q]
S[Q]
WZ
NX\
J
<KP2PDIQ,NEN<KO;NQ9B806#B88B:
NXZP]O]
R]Y\P]
9[YWU]YU\Y[T
WUX
6J0
9YZM#
"S[OZ
\
M]S[Y\
Y\WV
U[O\S[
T]EY\
S[O\S[
QZ
T]EY]
EZOZMY\I] !
@ROVHZY[
QZ
R]
LO]TY\
LX]R
KVRZ
A[+\Q]
M]U[
GU[
T]
J 2X[Y]<\
YZSZ
WO\SZ
EZOZMY\HS\D
WU]
Y\I]
2[LOZR]Q
F\D[TV
]XD\UZSJ
E]Y
PZ<VY]X[RY\
NVU
.Z[LX]R

>WU]YKVO UVXV
NX[O]M\
SX[M
FV
\P\
QZ
NVU
NXZS[
K]OS]YJ
WS\D
NO]Y\Y]
SX[M
.ZXS[T\IV
N[YZS]R
N[UJ
NVY[
YZNX[D[R]Y
9YZM
QZ
N[PZYV[
R]
WZ
YZ II=46AQ$I>PLJHOQ<PHMKQMQ@NLP@PQ9B886:
UXZK]
K[Q]U\
R]
CZ
?VWUX\Q]YI\
NXZS[
UZ
EZOZMY\IZ
NXZ
VMZU\
[R
.VL]X]
UXL[T\YV $O]Y

@R
W]R]
CZ
[WY[TY]
QZR\Y\I]
PZXZ
9YZM#
"=\QZ
Y]P
T]EY[
S[
CZ
R]
\MLX]R\
EZ
J M]
RVE\YV
V
9YZEZT\Y\
.VL]XWS[Q
K\U\
OZM
Y\HSV
NXVLV
T]EY[
QZ
R]
QZ
R[K\QZP[
GU[ PZU]X
!LLL"
NXZ !
$O]Y
&
@WY[TY]
QZR\Y\I]
PZXZ
M]
M]
NXZ
J
Jirecek
WUX
0
P\YV
K\CZ
O\U]X
!LLL"
7N[XZR\
[T]
RT]
UZSWU]
]GU[
QZ
Y[
J $O]Y

@WY[TY]
PZX]
UZE\YZ
K\CZ
LX]P
UQ
T[Y]WU]O[Q
RXE]T\
T]EY[
R]
X]MT\QZ UZE\Y]
QZRY[L
SVKY[L
IZYU\PZUX]
RZWU\O[J
EZOZMY\HSV
PXZEV5
9[Q\
WV
X\M\I\
TZ
M]
J T]YZ
T[RZ
V
T]SVVPV
Y]
UZPNZX]UVX\
[R
(
Y\
M]
\MLX]RFV
EZOZMY\IZ5 WUZNZY]
IZOM\QVW]
!LLL"
16
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
-LNGFPLP5NQ JGPLO'Q @NLPQ IQ KMFNQ OQ M7L= 1EAQ*AQQMFNQGN'KMEM>ODNQOQKP;OMKPEKO

KIGM JO@7MEOQ #Q LNHEP@PQ <PQ 3OFPNQ @P3OKN
?
-ZXZ
M]
RVE\YV 9&L2HP(QHLPDQXIX FNHP:
I
2XZUT]X]FZ
WU]X\D
PZX]
V
Y[TZ
$O]Y
6
/X]<ZT\YWS\
]XG\Y
RVL]H]S
QZ
'
PP
*'P,
4ZR]Y
*SX[Q]HS\,
]XG\Y
RVL]H]S
QZ
&
PP
*&P,
4ZR]Y
O]S]U
RVL]H]S
QZ
&'
PP
*&'P,
!LLL"
"?3GNQMCLNC7N
$O]Y

]
PZXZ
S[QZ
WZ
U\HV
DX]YZ
[T]Q
M]S[Y
WUVN]
Y]
WY]LV

QVY]
6
]
M]
RXVLZ
PZXZ

Q]YV]X]
60
!LLL"
$O]Y
&
7T[<ZFZ
Y[T\D
PZX]
V
RXE]TYZ
\YWU\UVI\QZ
QZ
[K]TZMY[
[R

Q]YV]X]
6
AT\
RXE]TY\
WOVEKZY\I\
WV
[K]TZMY\
R]
V
MT]
Y\HY\P
R[SVPZYU\P]
S[X\WUZ
Y[TZ
PZXZ
AT\
LX]<]Y\
S[Q\
N[WOVQV
W]
RXE]TY\P
\YWU\
UVI\Q]P]
U]S[<Z
WV
[K]TZMY\
R]
\MTZGU]QZ
\
NX[X]HVYZ
S[QZ
N[RY[WZ
\YWU\J
UVI\Q]P]
\MX]MZ
V
Y[T\P
PZX]P]
)0 F5KBHG vestnik
KX

[R
6
Q]YV]X]
6
?U\Y]
MK\XS]
/XHS[L
SF\EZTY[L
\
\WU[X\QWS[L
]XD\T]
Fotopoulos
WUX
(
]GU[
PZ<V
NXTZ
PZXZ
S[QZ
VT[R\ 9X]US[
NX[S[PZYU]X\G\
[TV
WO\SV
RXE]T]
WN]R]
\
[K]TZM]
NX\PZYZ ?Y]O\M\X]Q
+\LVXZ
NX\S]M]YZ
Y]
Y[T\D
PZXY\D
QZR\Y\I]5
2[SVG]Q
R] F[Q
F\D[TV
[RZCV
\
[Y[
GU[
H\YZ
NX[
Y]<ZG
ZS[Y[PWSZ
W[I\Q]OYZ
\
SVOJ ]GU[
WV
Y]I\[Y]OY\
W\PK[O\
S[X\G
J
UVXYZ
X]MO[LZ
M]
U[
-\WO\G
O\
R]
WZ CZY\
V
XZSO]P\5
X]R\
[
WXZRWUTV
RXE]TYZ
S[YUX[OZ5 =]
S[Q\
Y]H\Y
XZSO]P\X]FZ
P[EZ
R[
J
NX\
YZU\
Q]HZP
\RZYU\+\S[T]FV
W]
TO]W
J
U\U[P
Y]I\Q[P5
8]
O\
WZ
NXZS[
XZSO]P]
P[LV
G\X\U\
WUZXZ[U\N\
[
ZUY\HS\P
\
U]PN]Y]
X]MLOZRY\I]
Y]
S[Q[Q
WZ
XZSO]P\X]
S[PN]Y\Q]
M]
NX[\MT[RFV TZXWS\P
LXVN]P]5
8]
O\
WZ
Y]
U]Q
Y]H\Y
G\T]C\D
P]G\Y]
1JG;HF
\T]CZ
P]G\YZ
WV N[TZC]T]
X]MO\S]
\MPZ<V
"Y]W!
\
"F\D!5
WZ
V
LXHS[Q
GU]PN\
XZSO]P\X]OZ
Q[G
[R
( 8]
O\
WZ
R]Y]W
Y]
UZOZT\M\QWS\P
\
L[R\YZ
]
G\X[P
MZPBZ
WV
N[HZOZ
R]
WZ
S[
J X]R\[
XZSO]P]P]
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
S[
J
X\WUZ
[S[
6
L[R\YZ
3]R]
WV
\
R[
K\
OZ
\PZ X\WUZ
\WU[X\QWSZ
O\HY[WU\
\O\
UZPZ
S[QZ
"@OL]!
V
H]WU
SX]B\IZ
S[Q]
\D
QZ
N[SO]F]O] N[RWU\HV
Y]I\[Y]OYV
\RZYU\+\S]I\QV5
W\X[P]GY\P
RZT[QS]P]
\
YZTZWU]P] 8]
O\
WV
NX\N]RY\I\
RXVL\D
Y]I\[Y]OJ
Y\D
ZUY\HS\D
\O\
TZXWS\D
LXVN]
NX\S]M]Y\
S][
U\N\HY\
NXZRWU]TY\I\
WT[QZ
LXVNZ
\O\
S][
YZS[
W
S\P
"P\!
UXZK]
R]
WZ
N[
XZ
R\P[5
11
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
IICAQ1GFPLP5NQKP;ODN II=/BAQ KP2PDQ DN<OHPQ <PQ OCNKGOOHP;ODIQ J

KP;ODM@Q#Q@O3+N5NQ1EMFNKP;PQ9B8*B:
II=/.AQ P?MJGPF+P5NQ 'LFPGJHM>Q DN<OHP(
>RVC\
SX[M
M]P]S
RZH]S
QZ
Y]\G][
Y]
RT[J
M?PJHNQFPKPQIHI+NFOPQ9B8)/:
Q\IV
WO\HY[
[RZTZY\D
S[Q\
WV
WZ
NXZN\X]
J
O\
\
LVX]O\
QZR]Y
RXVL[L
QZRY[L
[R
F\D
Y\QZ
Y]P
Q]
R]
P\
S[Q\
WP[
[TRQZ
W]SVNBZY\
X]MVPZ[
R[S
QZ
RXVL\
L[T[X\[
QZM\S[P
S[Q\
TZ
C\Y[P
YZ
MY]P[
R[KX[
Y]G
QZM\S
\
R]
WZ
PV
QZ
K\[
N[MY]U
]
\
O\IZ
U[L
RXVL[L
PV
WZ
V
I\QZO[Q
Y]G[Q
R[P[T\Y\
O]S[
R]QV
Y]
VH\
Y\O[
YZS]S[
KO\WS[
WU[L]
PV
QZ
NX\
UZ
J
NXWUZ
\MKX[Q\U\
[W[KZ
[K]RT[QZL]
WN[O]
S[
J
S][
V
N[P[C
QZX
[Y
WT]S]S[
QZWUZ
K\[
FZL[T
QZ
R[KX[
MY]QV
H\U]U\
N\W]U\
\
L[T[X\U\
WVY]X[RY\S
8ZH]S
QZ
WVY]X[RY\S]
\
MZP
J
P]
UZX\YWS\P
QZM\S[P
?
GU[
QZ
U[PV
VMX[S
B]
S]
NXZN[MY][
N[
L[T[XV
\
N[
U[PZ
K\
L]
YZL[
U[
GU[
L]
P\
V
Q]TY[P
E\T[UV
\
V
N[W
J
VTZS
NXZN[MY][
\
PZ<V
WU[U\Y]P]
BVR\
S[
J
O[
T\P]
Y\LRQZ
YZ
VN[UXZKB]T]P[

\
F\PZ
Q\
WV
WT\
\WU[
\O\
X]MO\H\U[
[RZTZY\
WZ
W]P[
U[O\S[
M]K]TB]P[
S][
L\MR]T\
4ZM\S
QZ
Y]QK[B\
MY]S
N[
S[P
WZ
P[EZ
[RXZ
J
L[W
N[R]X
W]
WT[Q\P
NO]CZY\P
WOVL[P
4[G
R\U\
S[
NX\N]R]
S[Q[Q
Y]I\Q\
[Y]Q
S[
Q[G
[R
YZ
MY]
TZC\Y]
Y]GZL
Y]X[R]
S]ST]
QZ
U[
RZU\FWUT]
L[T[X\
UT[Q\P
QZM\S[P
U]Q
NX\J
WO]WU
\
P\O\Y]
P[C\
WPQZU\
L[T[X\U\
WT[J
N]R]
UT[Q[Q
Y]I\Q\
Q\P
NX\X[<ZY\P
P]UZX\YWS\P
QZM\S[P
3[
>
GU]
QZ
[YR]
M]NX]T[
Y]I\Q]5
2[WOZ
WTZL]
P[
EZ
\WSXZY[
[WQZU\U\
W]P[
[Y]Q
S[Q\
QZ
RV
J
GU[
QZ
Y]VH\[
OVU]QVC\
WTZU[P
RZH]S
T[O\
EZ
TXZPZY]
P[X][
WU]Y[T]U\
\
E\TQZU\
WTZ
Y]X[RZ
\
WT\
WV
PV
BVR\
RX]L\
]
T[O\
PZ<V
UV<\P
Y]X[R\P]
V
UV<\P
RXE]T]P]
R]
NX\O]M\
[Y\P]
S[Q\
WV
\M
FZL[TZ
R[
P[
J
-\
WT[Q
QZM\S
HVT]P[
Q[G
VT\QZS
W]P[
M]
T\YZ#
[Y\P]
S[Q\
\P]QV
\WUZ
[K\H]QZ
\
P]
Y\
J
RXV
E\YV
\
M]
Y]GZ
SPZU[TZ
Wein
WUX
'(
XZ
S]ST\
WV
\
V
FZL[T[P
R[PV
H]S
\
S]R]
WV
RXVL]H\QZ
[RZTZY\
[Y
\D
P[EZ
NXZN[MY]U\
ATZ
R[S
QZ
U[S[P
UX\RZWZU\D
L[R\Y] N[
L[T[XV
N[
F\D[T[P
Y]XZHQV
AT\
S[QZ
X]
J
XIX TZS]
Y\QZ
M]NBVWYV[
U]O]W
Y]
I\
[
J MVPZ
H\QZ
WV
XZH\
KO\WSZ
FZL[T[P
WXIV
Y]
O\MP]
V
%XT]UWS[Q
*\
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q\,
QZ WT\
WV
[Y\
RZ[
FZL[TZ
Y]I\QZ
O]
U\YWS\
K\[
MT]Y\HY\
QZM\S
-]<]XWS]
TO]
J
R]
QZ
N[SVG]O]
R]
V
P]<]XWSZ
GS[OZ
\
\YWU\
UVI\QZ
VTZRZ
P]<]XWS\
VPZWU[
O]U\YJ $O]Y]S
DKL=HLGK7J=KL.L0DKL=HLE>IBH2
WS[L
;]G\XZY]
QZ
K\O]
\
VN[UXZK]
YZP]HS[L GK8CKLGK7J=K Y]N\W][
QZ
>T]Y
-]IVY
>N]S
DXT]UWS\
XZ+[XP]U[X\
WV
EZOZO\
R] VH\UZB
\
\WU[X\H]X
SF\EZTY[WU\
S[Q\
QZ
V
WZ
M]
MT]Y\HY\
QZM\S
NX[LO]W\
DXT]UWS\
\
U[ +[XP\
NX\HZ
[N\W][
R[E\TB]QZ
RZH]S]
S[Q\
WV
VWNZO\
R]
\MRZQWUTVQV
(
L[R\YZ
NVUVQZ
N[
WT[Q[Q
MZPB\
\
N[SVG]T]
R]
[USX\J
7
MY]SV
UZ
K[XKZ
>T]Y
9VSVBZT\C QZ
S[
WV
FZL[T\
WVY]X[RY\I\
2X\H]
QZ
[KQ]T
J
*&6,
N\W]I
\WU[X\H]X
\
N[O\U\H]X BZ
Y]
&
L[R\YZ
V
BVKB]YWS\P
Y[T\Y]P]
QZR]Y
[R
T[RZC\D
DXT]UWS\D
XZ+[XP]U[X]
Novice *'IBIEDJ,
[KX]U\[
WZ
DXT]UWS[P
A]K[XV
S][
FZL[T
HO]Y
NXT\
NVU
Y]
DXT]UWS[P
(
L[R\YZ
=]
S[Q\
WZ
Y]H\Y
9VSVBZT\C
M]O]EZ
M]
G\XV
VN[UXZKV
DXT]UWS[L
QZM\S]5
9VSVBZT\C
QZ
K\[
NOZP\C

R]
O\
WZ
U[ U]
P\WO\G
[
U[PZ
GU[
N\W]I
Y]
J
T\R\
\M
[T[L
UZSWU]5
]GU[
9VSVBZT\C LO]
G]T]
MY]H]Q
QZM\S]
M]
Y]I\[Y]
J
UTXR\
R]
W]P[
P]O\
KX[Q
BVR\
L[T[X\ OY\
\RZYU\UZU5
-[LV
O\
BVR\
S[Q\
L[T[
J
P]UZXF\P
QZM\S[P
]S[
U\P
QZM\S[P
L[
T[
J XZ
X]MO\H\U\P
QZM\I\P]
NX\N]R]U\
XZ
WT\
SPZU[T\
*S[Q\
Y\WV
P]O[KX[QY\,5 \WU[P
Y]X[RV5
=]TZR\
NX\PZX
1<
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
II=/4AQ "Q <KP2PDIQ DN<OHPQ <PQ OCNKGOGNG \

AO]T[Y\QZ
!LLL" Y\S]R]
Y\QZ
W]
WT[QZ
SX\T
J
!I@IKP(QO<Q?NLPQOGIQPDMLNJHIPQ9B8**: FZ
M][WU][
Y\
V
S[QZP
[KX]M[T]FV
RVD]
H[TQZH]YWS[L
2[T\QZWU
FZL[T]
S]EZ
PY[J
-[RZXY\
Y]X[R
P[X]
E\TZU\
V
Y]I\[Y]OY[Q L[L]
QVY]S]
U[
Y]
S[NBV
U[
Y]
NZXV
U[
Y]
RXE]T\
\
P[X]
\P]U\
Y]I\[Y]OY\
QZM\S
\ WT]
S[P
X]RV
VP]
\
WXI]
=V
U]
N[T\QZWU
SF\EZTY[WU
E]O\K[EZ
S]EZ
\
VMX[SZ
W
S[Q\D
WZ
Y]G
!LLL" AT]S\
;VPVY
MY]
R]
QZ
;VPVY
\
GU]
L[R Y]X[R
R]Y]W
YZ
P[EZ
U]SP\U\
W
RXVL\P
X]
R\[
[Y
WZ
P[X]
UXVR\U\
R]
WZ
Y]
YZS\
Y]
J Y]X[R\P]
WXZUY\Q\P]
V
MY]Y[WU\P]
S[QZ
WV
H\Y
Y]R[TZEZ
N[WXZRY[
\O\
YZN[WXZRY[ R]Y]GFZL
T\QZS]

TZC]
YZL[
O\
\S]R]

Y]
O]U\YWSV
UX]R\I\QV
\M
S[QZ
QZ
\MY\S][ LO]T
Y]
N[OVL]
WT]S[Q
RXE]T\
A]K[X
QZ
[T]Q
FZL[T
RVD[TY\
WTZU [WTQZR[HZY
R]
QZ
Y]G
Y]X[R
V
WT[P
MY]Y
J
8[
W]R]
QZ
[T]
\WU\Y]
W]WT\P
[NX]TR]Y[ WUTZY[P
\
SF\EZTY[P
X]MT\USV
!LLL" R[WN\[
NX]SU\HYZ
N[WOZR\IZ
\P]O]
NXZ
WTZL]
Y] R[UOZ
R]
PV
Y]WU]QZ
RVEY[WU#
N[KX\YVU\
Y]G
QZM\S
\
SF\EZTY[WU
4ZM\S
QZ
;VPV
Y\
J WZ
M]
Y]QT\GZ
SF\EZTY[
\
MY]YWUTZY[
WV
J
P]
Y]QRX]L[IZY\Q\
N[RWZUY\S
Y]
O]U\YWSZ R\GUZ#
U[
QZ
N]S
]S]RZP\Q]
KZM
S[QZ
YZ
P[LV
NXZUSZ
]
R]Y]W
\D
N[RWZC]
Y]
Q[G
QZRYV MY]Y[WU\
Y]NXZR[T]U\
SX\U\HY[
]
N[
U[P
WU]X\YV
\
VTZS
\D
QZ
W]P[
[Y
T[R\[
NX]T\P Y\U\
VWNQZGY[
NVUZP
\
QZR\Y[
M]DT]BVQVC\
FZPV
Y\WV Laszowsky
WUX
0
OVU]O\
\
VU]N]O\
WZ
V
U]O]W\P]
R[WZBZY\J
S]
S[Q\
WV
NO]T\O\
3X]Q]Y[TV
8]S\QV
Maiorescu, I
WUX
0 =]
S[Q\
Y]H\Y
A]K[X
[KX]MO]EZ
N[
J
UXZKV
R]
WZ
[WYVQZ
]S]RZP\Q]5
9]S[
WZ
V
[T[P
N\WPV
[KQ]GF]T]
M]R]U]S
3\UV
-]Q[XZWSV
*(6,
SF\
EZT
J ]S]RZP\QZ5
8]
O\
R]Y]GF\
]S]RZP\I\
Y\
SX\U\H]X
ZWUZU]
VY\TZXM\UZUWS\ NXZRWU]TB]QV
SF\EZTYV
\
Y]VHYV
ZO\UV
NX[+ZW[X
N[O\U\H]X
*M]PZY\S
P\Y\WUX] \O\
QZ
F\D[T
VLOZR
W
TXZPZY[P
[N][
V
P\
Y\WU]X
NXZP\QZX,
\WU]SYVU\
HO]Y
RXVG
U
J
N[XZ<ZFV
W]
XIX TZS[P5
T]
"4VY\PZ]!
8[SU[X\X][
+\O[M[+\QV
V
/\
J
WZ
YV
]
NX]T]
R\NO[P\X][
V
2]X\MV
9][
XV
J
PVYWS\
NXZP\QZX
K\[
NXZRWZR]T]QVC\
Y]
-\X[TY[Q
S[Y+ZXZYI\Q\
V
.VSVXZGUV
*6, 1EAQ0AQP;OMKPEKMQ?M<MLO3GNQI
$IHILN3GIQ#QLP<>ENCKO;PQ9HLPDQIQFNHP:
9]S[
N\W]I
[KQ]GF]T]
[RY[W
\MPZ<V
QZM\S]
\
\RZYU\UZU]5
U]
U\
[
U[PZ
P\WO\G5
II=//AQ -NGO;ODPQ 'LFPGJHM>Q 1P7MLPQ LP5O

MJOIQ <PQ MJKOFP5NQ I,KMQJEMQFNKQJHN
PHPCN@ODNQKPIHPQOQI@NGKMJGOQ9B8*0:
1]GZ
I
SX
?N[GU[OWS[
1ZO\H]YWUT[
SX]
J
BV
\
L[WN[R]XV
Y]G
NXZP\O[WU\T\
=]X[R
UX[QZRYZ
SX]BZT\YZ
8]OP]I\QZ
%XT]UWSZ
<E
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
U]K[X]
S[Q]
WZ
PZ<VW[KY[
K[XZ
\
U]SP\HZ
9]S[
[KQ]GF]T]G
U[
GU[
WZ
LO]TYZ VNX]T[
V
TZM\
W
[Y\P
GU[
WV
M]QZRY\HSZ
S]
J
RXE]TYZ
\YWU\UVI\QZ
M[TV
"Y]
I\[
J X]S
UZX\WU\SZ
\
WXNWS[L
\
KVL]XWS[L
QZM\S]
Y]O
YZ!5
Y]G
O\
M]
Q[G
YZSZ
\YWU\UVI\J A
RXVLZ
WUX]YZ
R]
QZ
V
NX[IZWV
WUT]X]F]
QZ
S[QZ
WZ
Y]M\T]QV
"Y]I\[Y]OY\P!5 [T[L
\O\
[Y[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
QZM\S]
QZR]Y
[R
K]OS]YWS\D
R\Q]OZS]U]
VMR\LYVU
Y]
X]YL
M]
QZRY\HS[L
SF\EZTY[L
QZM\S]
[YR]
K\
WV
J
II=/)AQKP2PDQDN<OHPQOQH5O,NFKMJGOQI S[K
AO[TZY]
W]
X]MO\H\U\D
RZO[T]
.]O
J
LP<FMDIQKP;ODPQ#QO<FMCQO<QJGPGIGP S]YWS[L
N[OV[WUXT]
K\[
\MKZLYVU
\
H\U]T
LI3GFPQ<PQM7DPF+OFP5NQCNEP K\
.]OS]Y
K\[
VQZR\FZY
V
QZRYV
Y]I\[Y]OJ
PE7PKJHNQH5O,NFKMJGOQ9B806: Y[JSVOUVXYV
IZO\YV
-\
WP]UX]P[
R]
WV
P]SZR[YWS\
R\Q]OZSU\
S[QZ
.VL]X\
WP]UX]J
=]I\Q]
QZ
NX[WTZCZY]
\
I\T\O\M[T]Y]
M]DJ QV
KVL]XWS\P
]
AXK\
WXNWS\P
M]NX]T[
YZS]
T]BVQVC\
]MKVI\
WT[L
QZM\S]
?
WT]S]
Y]I\J WXZR\Y]
S[Q]
K\
P[LO]
N[WOVE\U\
S][
TZ
J
Q]
S[Q]
YZP]
N\WP[
\
]MKVSV
M]
WT[Q
QZM\S M\TY[
US\T[
M]
R]Y]W
PZ<VW[KY[
YZNX\Q]
J
QZWUZ
T]XT]XWS]
\
Q[G
V
PX]SV UZB
WS\
Y]WUX[QZYZ
.VL]XWSV
\
AXK\QV
Myzyri
WUX
( 8XVL\
X]MO[L
M]
VMR\M]FZ
QZRY[L
P]SZR[YJ
WS[L
R\Q]OZSU]
Y]
Y\T[
SF\EZTY[L
QZM\S]
]GU[
W]WU]TB]H\
[T[L
WU]UVU] QZWUZ
YVEY[WU
R]
WZ
VSO[YZ
KVL]XWSZ
\
WXN
J
P\WOZ
R]
QZ
M]
Y]I\QV
T]EY[
R]
\P] WSZ
NXZUZYM\QZ
Y]
-]SZR[Y\QV
R]
WZ
VS\YZ
WT[Q
QZM\S
\
SF\EZTY[WU5 Y]I\[Y]OY]
NX[N]L]YR]
S[Q]
RZP[X]O\GZ
P]SZR[YWS\
E\T]B
R]
V
-]SZR[Y\Q\
R[<Z
R[
VQZR\FZF]
AO[TZY]
S[Q\
K\
[YR]
II=/%AQ-OJ@MQ@PHNCMKJHO'QJGICNKPGPQI Y]R]BZ
\P]O\
SBVHYV
VO[LV
V
N[O\U\HS[Q
1PKHGQ-NGNL7IL>IQMQ@PHNCMKJHM@ \WU[X\Q\
-]SZR[Y\QZ
!LLL"
H5O,NFKM@QDN<OHIQ9B6.4: Makedonium
WUX
'&
2[WU]TB]
WZ
N\U]FZ#
S]R]
TZC
N[WU[QZ
WXNJ
9[Q\
QZ
I\B
[T[L
UZSWU]5
U]
FZL[T\
WS\
\
KVL]XWS\
SF\EZTY\
QZM\S
R]
O\
QZ ]VU[X\
P\WOZ
[
YVEY[WU\
WUT]X]F]
N[UXZKY[
WUT]X]U\
\
N[WZK]Y
P]SZR[YWS\ SF\EZTY[L
P]SZR[YWS[L
QZM\S]5
U]
SF\EZTY\
QZM\S5
]
U[
N[WU[QZ
RT]
X]MO[J P\W
O\G
GU]
M]NX]T[
MY]H\
WUT]X]FZ
L]#

S]R]
QZ
N[HZUS[P
XIX TZS]
WUT[XZY SF\EZTY[L
QZM\S]5
WXNWS\
SF\EZTY\
QZM\S
Y\QZ
WZ
[KX]C]O]
N]EF]
Y]
L[T[X
\WU[HYZ
AXK\QZ
M]N]RYZ
.V
L]XWSZ
\
-]SZR[Y\QZ
U]S[
R]
NX[LO]
GZ
J II=/*AQ-EPKMFOQCPQJNQ?M7ICNQKP;OMKPEKP
FZP
DZXIZL[T]HS[L
L[T[X]
M]
SF\EZTY\
QZ
J MJNP5PQ !I@IKPQ IQ LPKJOEFPKODOQ #
M\S
Y\WV
M]R[T[BZYZ
N[UXZKZ
\WU[HYZ ?OJ@MQ CLQ LP>NJHIPQ I?INKMQ @OEODO
AXK\QZ
M]N]RYZ
.VL]XWSZ
\
-]SZR[Y\QZ !P;ODIQ9B80):
9]R]
QZ
Y]WU][
KVL]XWS\
SF\EZTY\
QZM\S
U]S[
GU[
QZ
M]
FZL[TV
[WY[TV
NX\DT]CZY !LLL" =]X[RV
S][
GU[
QZ
XVPVYWS\
YZ
NX\WU]J
\WU[HY[KVL]XWS\
R\Q]OZSU
R\Q]OZSU\P] QZ
VO[L]
NX[WQ]S]
=]G\
NXZI\
WV
R]T]O\
\
\WU[HYZ
AXK\QZ
M]N]RYZ
.VL]XWSZ
\
-]
SZ
J VM\P]O\#
P\
GHL@I5H@I R]
NX[W\P[
R[Y\QZ
U]S[<Z
Y\QZ
N[WTZCZY[
R[T[BY[ 3XZK]
T\GZ
R]
P\WO\UZ
Y]
EH/KCHL\
5HGH
N]EFZ
2XZN[X[R
N[H\FZ
W
F\P]
@R
EZY]
Y]
NX]
J
2]XI\Q]OY[WU
NX[IZW]
WUT]X]F]
KVL]XWS[L T\UZ
P]QSZ
R[KXZ
WVNXVLZ
\
R[KXZ
;VPVYSZ
\
WXNWS[L
SF\EZTY[L
QZM\S]
W]P[
QZ
N[
P[
J ]
WZB]SZ
NXZUT[X\UZ
V
BVRZ
S[Q\
CZ
\P]U\
LO]
N[RZO\
K]OS]YWS\D
AO[TZY]
Y]
RT] WTZWU
[
W[NWUTZY[P
R[WU[Q]YWUTV
WT[Q\P
<K
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
NX]T\P]
\
RVEY[WU\P]

UZS
U]R]
CZ
K\U\ S[
Q\P]
CZ
SX[M
N\U]F]
\
[RL[T[XZ
S[Q\
Y]
J
VH\FZY
Y]QUZE\
\
Y]QT]EY\Q\
S[X]S
S] R\
O]MZ
UZSVC]
N[O\U\HS]
N\U]F]
K\U\
Y]NXZUSV
\
WN]WZFV N[RWU\I]Y]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
[WZC]F]
!LLL"
7M
F\D[TV
N[P[C
P[C\
CZUZ
R]
Y]NX]T\UZ T
S[OZ#
[YZ
P[X]QV
K\U\
IZYU]X
Y]GZL
WTZ#
GS[OZ
NXZN\WSV
S[Y+ZXZYI\QZ
QZX \YUZXZW[T]F]
U\P
NXZ
GU[
?OK]YI\
WT\P
[Y\
WV
WXZRWUT[
!LLL" WXIZP
EZOZ
R]
WZ
[YZ
[UT[XZ
PZ<VU\P
YZ
J
Lungu
WUX
(J(0 P]
Y\
NX]TZ
\Y\I\Q]U\TZ
R]
WZ
U[
VH\Y\
]
YZP]
Y\
R[T[BY[
VH\UZB]
AU[L]
QZ
YZ[N
J
D[RY[
R]
WZ
\M
WT\D
PZWU]
LRZ
WV
GS[OZ
9[Q\
WV
N[
P\GBZFV
N\WI]
[T[L
UZSJ
N[UXZKYZ
UVXWS[Q
TO]WU\
N[G]BV
R[N\W\
WU]
Y]H\Y\
R]
WZ
V
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q\
L
1ZX[\WN[TZWU#
NX\Q]UZBWS\
[RY[W\
WZ
P[
J
[Q]
H]QV
XVPVYWS]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
[WZC]F]5
X]QV
VWN[WU]T\U\
W]
WT\P
TZX]P]
Y]
X[
H\U[
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
QZ
Y]LO]W]S
WU]TBZY
W]
KZSU]G\Q]P]
!PVWO\P]YWS\
TZXWS\
XZR"
Y]
EZYZ
\
WZB]SZ5
9]ST]
QZ
VO[L]
Y]
J
H\Q\
VU\I]Q
V
[T[P
UXZYVUSV
P[EZ
K\U\
[R
PZFZY]
EZY]P]5
S[X\WU\
W
[KM\X[P
Y]
P[LVC\
X]MT[Q
WUT]X\
V
KVRVCY[WU\
UXZK]
WZ
V
N[UNVY[WU\
[SXZ
J
YVU\
VWN[WU]TB]FV
TZXWSZ
]VU[Y[P\QZ
II=/0AQ-EPKQ<PQHMKJMEOCMFP5NQPE7PKJHM>
1
8[MT[O\UZ
R]
V
M]SBVHSV
N[Y[T\P
S]S[
KP;OMKPEKM>Q ?MHLNGPQ #Q ?OJ@MQ KMFOKPLP
WTZ
Y]GZ
]SU\TY[WU\
\
WT\
N[RVDT]U\
P[
J
POHPQ MKO;NQ 7PLMKIQ &MEI'MFJHM@
X]QV
K\U\
NX[EZU\
[T\P
RTZP]
M]P\WO\P]#
9$LOJNE(QB860:
YZ
UXZK]
WUT]X]U\
N]XU\QV
TZC
WT\
P\
UXZ
J
K]
R]
WZ
M]O[E\P[
M]
QZR]Y
I\B
Y[
T\YZ
?
2[R
QZR]Y
)\BZT\
S[Q\P]
UXZK]
UZE\U\
*H]W[N\W\,
VRXVEZF]
GS[OZ
NX[N]L]YR]
\
S[QZ
UXZK]
[WUT]X\U\#

WTZ
U[
P[X]
Y[W\U\
NZH]U
WN[YU]Y[L
N[
J

;]MT[Q
]OK]YWS[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
[WZC]F]
SXZU]
V
S[QZP
Y]W
X]Y\QZ
TZMZ
NX\Q]UZB
J
NX]CZY
Q]WY[P
WTZGCV
[
WTZPV
GU[
Y]W
WUT]
\
W\PN]U\QZ
Y\
Y]
S[Q\
Y]H\Y
YZ
WPZQV
WVGU\YWS\
X]MO\SVQZ
[R
3VX]S]
!LLL"
[KZWDX]KX\T]U\

;]R\U\
U]S[
R]
WT\
?OK]YI\
V
[ST\XV Konitza 0
WUX
(J'
M]
S[Y]
\
N[GU[T]F]
TO]WU\
X]MVPZQV
Y]
S[Q\
Y]H\Y
UXZK]
R]
VWPZXZ
EZBV
M]
NX\T
J
XZRY\P
\
\YUZOZSUV]OY\P
Y]NXZUS[P
S[Q\ ]\S
9[Y\I]
*'(0,
QZRY]
[R
CZ
S][
RZ[
NX]UZC\D
[S[OY[WU\
VKXM]U\ T[RZC\D
O\HY[WU\
]OK]YWSZ
SVOUVXZ
V
XZG]T]FZ
"\WU[HY[L
N\U]F]! NXT[Q
N[O[T\Y\
XX TZS]
2[WOZ
WUVR\Q]
V
.
2[R
RT]
AXZRWUT]
S[Q]
UXZK]
S[X\WU\U\# 8\E[YV
\
2]X\MV
[RO]M\
6
V
.X\WZO
LRZ
QZ
\MR]T][
]OK]YWSZ
Y[T\YZ
Albania
]
UZ
]
=[T\YZ
S[QZ
CZ
Y]
U[WS\QWS[P
LZL\QWS[P6
Y[T\YZ
K\O]
PV
QZ
N[UXZKY]
+\Y]YW\QWS]
\
+X]YIVWS[P
[KQ]TB\T]U\
Y]X[RYZ
NZWPZ N[RXGS]
?VWUX[VL]XWSZ
S[QV
QZ
\
R[K\[
Y
]
J
\WU[X\QWSZ
DX[Y\SZ
N]UX\[UWSZ
N[ZPZ S[Y
P[OKZ
VNVCZYZ
U]R]GFZP
]VWUX[
J
UZSWU[TZ
[
NX\TXZRY\P
UZP]P]
\
N[O\
U\H
J VL]XWS[P
P\Y\WUXV
WN[BY\D
N[WO[T]
LX[+V
SZ
S[PZYU]XZ
V
T\RV
TZWU\
GU[
WTZ
YZCZ ?LZY[XV
/[OVD[TWS[P
YZ
S\P
YZNX\Q]UZBWS\P
WU]T[T\P]
\M]M\J
T]U\
N[R[MXZFZ
2[XUZ
Y\U\
N]S
O]WS]T\P
N[XVS]P]
N[RWU\I]U\
Y]SO[Y[WU
S[R ?Y]O\M\X]Q
WXZRWUT]
S[Q]
WV
NXZR
J
?OK]Y]I] O
[EZ
Y]
M]
Q]H]FZ
]OK]YWS[L
\RZYJ
K
8T]
\O\
UX\
NVU]
L[R\GFZ
GU]PN]U\
QZRJ U\UZU]
Y[WU]TYZ
P]OZ
RT[QZM\HYZ
N]P+OZUZ
Y]
6
3[WS\QWS\
\
LZL\QWS\
WV
LO]TY\
R\Q]OZSU\
]OK]YWS[L
QZM\S]
4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
II=/8AQ ?IGJGFPQ <PQ ?LNCPFP5NQ OJGMLODNQ I O\

TZO\S\
MK[L
U[L]
GU[
WV
WZ
NX\
RX
E]T]O\
&L2HMDQ9B88B: M]S[Y]
\WUX]QY[
X]R\O\
K\O\
DX]KX\
\
H\WUZ
RVGZ
UZ
WU[L]
NXZM\X]O\
P]
UZ
X\
Q]O
J
)\B
NXZRPZU]
\WU[X\Q]
/XHSZ
V
[WY[TY[Q
Y]
R[KX]
\
NXS[W\O\
WPXU\
K[
XZC\
WZ
M]
GS[O\
Y\QZ
R]
VHZY\I\
M]N]PUZ
\WU[X\QWSZ
WO[
K[RV
\
TXGZC\
WT[QV
RVE
Y[WU
RVGZ
PO]
J
R[L]<]QZ
R]UVPZ
\
\WU[X\QWSZ
O\HY[WU\
\O\
R\D
/XS]
CZ
K\U\
\WNVFZYZ
R\TBZFZP
EZ
J
R]
NX[G\XZ
WT[Q]
[NGU]
MY]F]
[
\WU[
X\Q\
B[P
R]
WOZRZ
F\D[T
NX\
PZX
\
Y]WU]TZ
I\B
QZ
W
QZRYZ
WUX]YZ
P[X]OY[
T]W
N\
U]
FZ
WO]TY\
E\T[U
WT[QZ
Y]I\QZ
RZIZ
KV<ZFZ
\WU[X\QWSZ
WTZWU\
S][
\ Koulouri
WUX
0&
WUT]X]FZ
R[WU[QY\D
NX\N]RY\S]
[TZ
WO]T
YZ
Y]I\QZ
]
W
RXVLZ
WUX]YZ
EJEDH@KDJ9K7J=K
\WU[X\QWS[L
MY]F]
S[QZ
WZ
N[RVH]T]
V
[S
T\
J ?Y]O\M\X]Q
[T]Q
UZSWU
\
[KQ]WY\
S[Q\
WV
I\BZT\
N[RVH]T]F]
\WU[X\QZ
XV
RXVL\D
GS[OWS\D
NXZRPZU]
\
N[RWU\I]FZ U]
P\WO\G
[
WTXW\
NX[VH]T]F]
\WU[
J
R]
WZ
U[
MY]FZ
AEBI=J
9]R]
WDT]
UZ
TZ
O\
J
X\QZ
R]Y]W5
H\YV
\
WO]TV
WT[Q\D
NXZR]S]
S[Q\
WV
N[
WU]
J
1EAQ8AQN;PQMCNFNKPQIQOJGMLODJHN
KM35NQ9&L2HP(QMHMQB80%:
8]
O\
GS[OWSZ
WTZH]Y[WU\
WOVEZ
W]
J
P[
M]
X]M[Y[RV
\O\
WV
WXZRWUT[
VHZ
J
F]
\
WXZRWUT[
S[Q\P
WZ
Q]H]
Y]I\[Y]OY\
\RZYU\UZU5
Fotopoulos
WUX
0'6
II=/6AQ -MHI3PDQ CPQ !I@IKODPQ CM7ODNQ JFMD V

Y]G[Q
MZPB\
\Y\I\X][
QZ
U]SP\HZF]
KV
SV
J
KP;OMKPEKOQJ?MLGQ9B868: XZ
GU]YWS\D
WXZRF\D
GS[O]
N[T[R[P

P]Q]
7HZY\I\
WV
WZ
U]SP\H\O\
V
"[\Y\!0 ]
/[WN[R\Y
%]XZU0 P\Y\WU]X
WN[XU]
V
EZB\ N[KZRY\I\
WV
R[K\O\
N[H]WY\
NZ
D]X
S[Q\
R]
N[RWU]SYZ
K]TBZFZ
+\M\HS\P
TZE
K]
P] NX\N]R]
GS[O\
WTZ
R[
Y]XZRYZ
L[
R\
YZ
0
AN\XV
)
%]XZU
*'60,
R[SU[X\X][
QZ
P]UZP]U\SV
V
2]X\MV
9]R
WZ
TX]U\[
V
;VPVY\QV
X]R\[
QZ
S][
VY\J
TZXM\UZUWS\
NX[+ZW[X
M]U\P
S][
T\W[S\
WOVEKZY\S
M]RVEZY
M]
[KX]M[T]FZ
\
V
UX\
Y]TX]U]
S][
P\Y\WU]X
TZX]
\
[KX]M[T]F]
2XZRWU]TB]
W\PK[O
Y]WU[Q]F]
R]
WZ
[S[
6
L[R\YZ
P[RZXY\MVQZ
[KX]M[T]FZ
V
;VPVY\Q\
0
@\Y]
WZ
WP]UX]
XVPVYWS[P
Y]I\[Y]OY[P
\LX[P
AO\HY]
QZ
KZQMK[OV
\LX]QV
RT]
U\P]
[R
N[
0
\LX]H]
WT]S\
Y]
N[BV
[R

W]
'
PZU]X]
[NU]
QZ
NXZHY\S]
&J6
IP
]
N]O\I]
QZ
RVL]HS]
R[
6'
IP
>]S[
WZ
WP]UX]
Y]I\[Y]OJ
Y[P
\LX[P
TZ[P]
P]O[
BVR\
WZ
F[PZ
]SU\TY[
K]T\
\
N[MY]QZ
NX]T\O]
<;
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
S]R]
CZ
WZ
Y]
\WU\
R]Y
N[Y[T[
[XL]Y\M[J
T]U\
\WU[
U]SP\HZFZ
ASO[Y[WU
L[WN[R\Y] 9]S[
QZ
[TRZ
;VPVY\Q]
NXZRWU]TBZJ
P\Y\WUX]
R]
NX[N]L\X]
+\M\HS[
TZE
K]
FZ Y]5
;]ML[T]X]QUZ
[
U[PZ
S]S[
QZ
[Y]
SX[M
U]SP\HZFZ
V
Y]G\P
\MT[XY\P
WN[X
U[
J T\
MVZOY[
\
W\PK[O\HS\
N[TZM]Y]
W]
T\P]
N[
WTZPV
QZ
R[KX[R[GO]#
],
M]
U[
GU[ RZH]I\P]
S[Q\
P]XG\X]QV
CZ
PO]R\
BVR\
[NZU
T\RZU\
U]S
P\
HZF]
N] 9[Q\
WV
W\PK[O\
\
S]ST]
WV
LX]+\HS]
XZ
J
\
W]P\
V
F\P]
VHZWUT[T]U\
V
Y]
G\P
WN[X
U[
J GZ
F]
R\NO[P]
S[QZ
WZ
R]Y]W
R[RZBVQV
V
T\P]
S[Q\P]
QZ
R[YZR]TY[
NXZU\[
YZWU]
Y]S UT[Q[Q
MZPB\5
?
V
TXZPZ
\MPZ<V
RT]
K,
M]U[
GU[
CZ
U\
WN[X
U[
T\
V
S[PK\Y]
I\Q\
W X]U]5
VWT]Q]FZP
R[KX[L
W\WUZP]
L\PY]WU\H
S\D
TZEK\
NXVE\U\
NX]T[
UZ
OZW
Y[
T]W
N\
U]
FZ
Y]I\[Y]OY[
\
N]UX\[UWS[
T]W
N\
U]FZ
S[QZ II–40. <Q !PJ?OJPQ OKOJGPLJGFPQ ?LMJ=
QZ
M]\WU]
YZ[ND[RY[
MZPB\
S[
Q]
EZO\
R] FDNGNQ OQ ;LHFNKO'Q CDNEPQ LKNQ &MLNQ B6.8A
M]X]R
WT[Q\D
W\Y[T]
KV
RZ
WY]
EY]
VLOZ
R
Y] >MCOKN
\
R]
\M]M\T]
WUX]D[N[GU[T]FZ
Ionescu
WUX
& )\B
QZ
T]WN\U]F]
P[X]OY\
S]X]SUZX
H\Q]
QZ
N[Q]T]
VWO[TBZY]
PY[L[WUX]Y\P
[KX]M[J
Y]G
O\
R]
O\
WZ
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
YZS\ T]FZP
3Z
NXZP]
[T[PZ
M]R]U]S
QZ
Y]WU]TZ
WN[XU
WP]UX][
\O\
WZ
Q[G
VTZS
WP]J R]
R]
VHZY\I\P]
PY[L[WUX]Y[
[KX]M[T]FZ
UX]
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
WN[XU[P5
U]
P\W
J 8]SOZ
YVEY[
QZ
X]R\
PY[L[WUX]Y[L
[KX]M[J
O\G
M]GU[
QZ
SX]QZP
XIX TZS]
K\O[
[Y\D T]F]
R]
WZ
VHZY\HS\
RVD
VRVK\
V
N[QZR\YZ
S[Q\
WV
WP]UX]O\
R]
QZ
N[UXZK]Y
"Y]
I\
[
J ZOZPZYUZ
Y]X[RYZ
SVOUVXZ
\
R]
WTZ
GU[
Y]OY\
WN[XU!5
$ZPV
WV
U\
BVR\
UZE\O\5 W]MY]QV
YZ
[WU]YZ
V
F\D[T[P
RVDV
[RT[QZY[
[W]PBZY[
\
N[IQZNS]Y[
TZC
R]
WZ
MRXVE\
\
WN[Q\
N[
QZRY]S[WU\
\
WX[RY[WU\
\RZQ]
@TV
1EAQ6AQO?EM@PQI2NJKOHPQIQJ?MLGJHM@ TZMV
M]DU\QZT]
QZR\YWUT[
WT\QZWU\
\
QZR\YJ
GPH@O2N5IQ JLNC5M3HMEP;PQ IQ ML>PKO<PQ= WUT[
RVD]
;OQDOQ EOJGPQ Gazet SporturilorQ 9!I@IKODP 2]T\CZT\C
;]WN[N[T\C
U[P
IV
WUX
&'
O<@NIQCFPQLPGP:
II=)BAQ E7PKJHOQ HLP+Q M>IQ I MQ <KP2PDI

FMDKNQM7PFN<NQ<PQJGFPLP5NQKP;ODNQ9B648:
AP]UX]P
R]
T[QWS]
S][
[KX]M[TY\
+]SU[X
NXZRWU]TB]
Y]QT\GV
TXZRY[WU
@T[Q
MZPB\
QZ
\MY]R
WTZL]
N[UXZKY[
[KX]M[T]FZ
\
PVG
S]XI\
S[Q\
WV
N[MT]Y\
R]
WOVEZ
T[QWSV
TX]U\CZ
WZ
SVC\
W]
G\X\P
N[LOZR\P]
Y]
WTZU
-[X]UZ
X]MVPZU\
R]
NX[WZH]Y
?OK]
J
Y]I
YZ
MY]
Y\GU]
[
U[PZ
S[Q[Q
Y]I\Q\
NX\N]J
R]
ZPV
QZ
TXD[TY\
]VU[X\UZU
VTZS
K\[
T[<]
NOZPZY]
KZQ
\
WU[L]
L]
UXZK]
N[WUZJ
ACIME
0 NZY[
VH\U\
R]
WT[QV
O[S]OYV
O[Q]OY[WU
\Y]
HZ
N[
WZK\
DT]OZ
TXZRYV
NXZVWPZX\
Y]
2[KZRY\I\P]
QZ
O[T[X[T
TZY]I
Y]
LO]
J
IZYUX]OYV
TO]WU
@Y
M]NX]T[
UXZK]
R]
Y]
J
TV
WU]TB]O]
RZT[QS]
[KVHZY]
V
UX]R\J
I\[Y]OYV
Y]X[RYV
Y[GFV
S[Q]
QZ
UXZK]O[
R] VH\
R]
QZ
YZ
W]P[
NX\N]RY\S
NOZPZY]
YZL[
W\PK[O\MVQZ
;VPVY\QV \WU[
U]S[
\
LX]<]Y\Y
RXE]TZ
Fischer
WUX
0
<>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
QZM\S]
*]X]NWS[L
\
NZXW\QWS[L,
*,
VHZ
\
P]
J
?DPZR
[LV
*6'6&,
Y]QTZC\
]OK]YJ
UZ
P]U\SV
NX\X[RYZ
Y]VSZ
\
WUX]YZ
*ZTX[N
J
WS\
RXE]TY\S
V
PZ<VX]UY[P
NZ
X\
[RV
NXZRWZRY\S
RXE]TZ
[R
60'
R[
60
\
]OK]YJ
WSZ,
QZM\SZ
S[Q\
CZ
\P
K\U\
[R
N[P[C\
V
WS\
SX]B
[LV
I [R
60
R[
66
L[R\YZ R]BZP
NX[VH]T]FV
U\D
Y]VS]
S][
\
L\PJ
Y]WU\SV
\
M]Y]UWSZ
TZGU\YZ
3[
N[S]MVQZ
R]
Y]GZ
[KX]M[T]FZ
\P]
UX\
U]
QZ
MY]H]QY\QZ
V
T\M\Q\
SX]B]
[LV]# I\B]#
UVXS\M]P
\WO]P\M]P
\
P[RZXY\M]P
VO[L]
[K]TZMY[L
T[QY[L
X[S]
V
N[TZC]FV
[RKX]PKZYZ
P[C\
MZPBZ
\O\ =\QZR]Y
UVXWS\
X[R\UZB
YZCZ
R[MT[O\U\
N]S
FZL[T]
VO[L]
V
[KX]M[T]FV
Y]I\[
J R]
FZL[T[
RZUZ
YZ
Y]VH\
UVXWS\
QZM\S
\O\
Y]OY[L
\RZYU\UZU]
PO]R\D
?OK]Y]I]5
U] R]
YZ
VN[MY]
UVXWSV
\WU[X\QV
?O\
[Y
EZO\
P\WO\G
R]
O\
QZ
[K]TZM]
WOVEZF]
T[QY[L \
R]
FZL[T[
RZUZ
KVRZ
P[RZXY[
[KX]M[J
X[S]
N[R[KY[
WXZRWUT[
M]
N[WU\M]FZ
U\D T]Y[
[W\P
GU[
QZ
[KX]M[T]Y[
S][
3VXH\Y
\
I\BZT]5
9]ST\
WV
WU]T[T\
NXZ
P]
WOVEZFV PVWO\P]Y
AU[L]
WZ
H\Y\
R]
M]
Y]W
N[UNVY[
T[QWSZ
V
RXVGUTV
V
S[QZP
U\
E\T\G5 [KX]M[T]FZ
[KVDT]U]
UX\
WUT]X\#
UVXWS[
[KX]M[T]FZ
\WO]PWS[
[KX]M[T]FZ
\
P[
J
1EAQB.AQ!I@IKJHOQCN2P2OQMCNFNKQHPM RZXY[
[KX]M[T]FZ
!LLL" @T]
UX\
]WNZSU]
FMDKOHQ9B6B*: [KX]
M[T]F]
UXZK]
VM]Q]PY[
R]
WZ
N[RVN\XV
\
R[NVFVQV
?O\
VS[O\S[
YZ
[RXZR\P[
+VYSI\QV
WT]S[L
[R
F\D
\
YZ
[LX]Y\H\P[
F\D[TZ
W+ZXZ
Y]
X]MVP]Y
Y]H\Y
YZ
NXZY]
J
LO]G]T]QVC\
Y\QZRY[
[YR]
WZ
P[EZ
R[L[R\J
U\
R]
[Y\
QZRY\
RXVL\P]
NX[U\TXZHZ
N]
H]S
\
R]
KVRV
PZ<VW[KY[
YZWN[Q\T\
Vucinich
WUX
'J'6
\Q]
/[S]ON
*&60(,
T[RZC]
O\H
J
Y[WU
PO]R[UVXWS[L
N[SXZU]
\
LO]TY\
\RZ[O[L
UVXWS[L
Y]I\[Y]O\MP]
9]S[
[KQ]GF]T]G
[K\H]Q
R]
WZ
RZ
J U]
P\WO\G
[
N\GHZT[Q
EZB\
R]
H]I\
[KO]HZ
V
T[QY\HSZ
VY\+[XPZ5 Y]NX]T\
X]TY[UZEV
\MPZ<V
UX\
U\N]
U]
P\WO\G
R]
O\
QZ
V
N\U]FV
W]P[
P[
J [KX]M[T]F]5
8]
O\
QZ
K\O[
NX]SU\HY[
R]
\O\
U[
\P]
YZS[
RXVGUTZY[
\
NZR]J R]
WZ
WTZ
UZ
TXWUZ
[KX]M[T]F]
VTZRV
V
L[G
S[
MY]HZFZ5 [WY[TYV
GS[OV5
9]ST]
QZ
K\O]
W\UV]I\Q]
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
N[HZUS[P
%%
TZS]5
?
II=)4AQ O+Q M7LP<MFP5PQ IQ ILJHMD(Q ?LN@P R]Y]W5
J'FPGP5IQODNQ&MHPE?PQ9B6B):
?S[
N[LOZR]UZ
Y]WU]TY\
NX[LX]P
V
UVXWS\P
GS[O]P]
T\RZCZUZ
R]
WZ
RZI]
N[RVH]T]QV II=)/AQ-LMGOFKO;OQHLOGOHIDIQ GPGILHMFI
\M
UX\
[KO]WU\#
*,
VHZ
QZM\S
SF\EZTY[WU
\ ?MEOGOHIQ?MQ?OGP5IQOJGMLODNQOQDN<OHP
\WU[X\QV
GU[
WV
M]NX]T[
UVXWS\
QZM\S
UVXWJ 9?LOFPGKOQCKNFKOH(QB6/4AQ>MCOKP:
S]
SF\EZTY[WU
\
UVXWS]
\WU[X\Q]
*0,
VHZ
9VX]Y
M]U\P
H\U]FZ
UZSWU[T]
9VX]Y]
V
QVO
60
NX]T\OY[P
X\UPV
\
W
NX]T\OY\P
\ML[T[X[P -VWU]+]
9ZP]O
QZ
[XL]Y\M[T][
\WU[X\QWS\
S]UZD\M]P
\WU[X\QV
\WO]P]
\
\WO]PWS\D S[YLXZW
V
?YS]X\
!LLL" /[T[XZ
LOVN[WU\
<7
7;:::
=?)>@=?=:
8;?1:
UTXRZ
R]
QZ
H\U]T
WTZU
UVXWS\
!LLL" @W]P
L[
J PY[L[
K[BZ
R]
U[
Y\QZ
Y\
N[
SV
G]
T][
]\WU]
R\
Y]
QZ
-VWU]+]
9ZP]O
NXZRWU]TB]Y
S][ YZ
MY]P
GU]
PV
WTZ
U[
UXZK]
7
X[SV
[R
RTZ
LZY\QZ
M]
T[QYV
UZ[X\QV
S][
LZY\QZ
M]
N[
J L[R\YZ
QZ
N[WU][
\WU[X\H]X
@KQ]T\[
QZ
\WU[
J
O\U\SV
S][
LZY\QZ
M]
N[B[NX\TXZRV
\
U]S[ X\QV
3VXWSZ
S[Q]
QZ
NVY]
FZ
L[
T\D
\MP\G
B[
J
R]BZ
A]R]
[Y
EZO\
R]
[R
WZKZ
Y]NX]T\ U\Y]
\
W]R]
U[
P[X]
R]
WZ
VH\
V
GS[O]P]
TZO\S[L
\WU[X\H]X]
!LLL" ATXD]
[T[L
S[YLXZJ 4]RY]
UVXWS]
RZI]
S[Q]
Y]
U[
LVKZ
TXZPZ
?
W]
QZ
WOZRZC]#
-VWU]+]
9ZP]O
[USX\
T]
R[ W]R]
QZ
[RQZRY[P
N[WU][
\
+\O[O[L
W]R]
YZN[MY]UZ
WUT]X\
V
\WU[
X\QWS[Q
Y]VI\ Nur, III
WUX
'(
YVR\
Y[TV
UZ[X\QV
\WU[X\QZ
\
N[WU]QZ
TZO\S\
\WU[X\H]X
LZY\QZ
M]
\WU[
X\QV
$[TZS]
P[X] 4ZM\S
\
\WU[X\Q]
WV
K\O\
[R
SBVHY[L

K\U\
WU\R
S]R]
T\R\
R]
YZ
S[
N[SVG]T]
R] MY]H]Q]
M]
?U]UVXS[TV
N[O\U\SV
YZ
J
VH\Y\
YZGU[
U]S[
WPZG
Y[
!LLL" 7
SF\M\
S[QV L[
T]F]
Y]I\[Y]O\MP]
U]
P\WO\G
[
QZ
[KQ]T\[
WUXZO\I]P]
QZ
[KZOZE\[
WTZ NXZ
UZX\T]F\P]
S[QZ
V
WT[P
NX\T]UY[P
MZPBZ
S[QZ
QZ
3VXWS]
[WT[Q\O]
=ZP]
Y\
QZR
J RYZTY\SV
SX\U\SVQZ
QZR]Y
FZL[T
\YUZ
J
Y[L
QZR\Y[L
PZWU]
R[
S[L
3VXI\
Y\WV
WU\LO\ OZS
UV]OY\
WVN]XY\S5
8]
O\
K\
U]ST]
@Y
/XSZ
NX[LO]G]T]
M]
3VXSZ
MK[L
XZH\ SX\
U\S]
\P]O]
Z+ZSU]
R]
QZ
\MXZHZY]
"ZLZ!
]
>XI\
WV
M]NX]T[
3VXI\
MK[L
QZRY[L Q]TY[5
8]
O\
MY]G
M]
WO\HYZ
WOVH]QZTZ
V
WO[L]
*>X,
9]ST]
LOVN[WU
S]ST[
YZMY]FZ UT[Q[Q
MZPB\5
S]ST]
WX]P[U]
]
K[
X]T\[
QZ
YZWXZCY\
>X]Y
!LLL" ?S[
RXE]TZ
N[
WU]QV
UVXWSZ
W]P[
M]U[
GU[
\P]QV
"\X!
GU]
[YR]
Y\QZ
V
XZRV
W]
>X]
J II=))AQP'@ICQJPCQ$M<HILGQM
Y[P5
>
[Y
\P]
"\X!
8]
Y\QZ
P[LVCZ
R]
QZ KP;OMKPEOQJQGO2HMDQJI3GOKOQ GPGILHMFN
U[O\S[
LOVN[
!LLL" LNFMEI;ODN
3]S[
QZ
/]M\
XZS][
4VYVW
=]R\QV
R]
V
XZH
Y\
J
SV
GZQD
AVOZQP]Y]
$]L]U]Q]
N[WU[Q\
XZH 8XE]TYZ
N[WO[TZ
V
Y[T[Q
;ZNVKO\I\
3VX
W
S[Q
"S\OUVXP]S!
\
R]
UXZK]
W]P[
VSO[Y\U\ T[R\CZ
\WSBVH\T[
3VXI\
=ZP]P[
N[
TZ
XZ
J
WV+\SW
"P]S!
\
R[K\QZ
WZ
XZH
"S\OUVX!
S[Q] F]
V
[YZ
S[Q\
Y\WV
3VXI\
?U]UVXS[TV
XZ
J
QZ
\MT[X
Y]
+X]Y]HS]
XZH
M]
SVOUVXV
@Y\
WV T[OVI\QV
S]X]SUZX\GZ
N[Y]QNXZ
UVXWS\
Y]
J
[R
Y]W
VMZO\
UV
XZH
@
MZPB[
[UT[X\
WZ
\ I\
[Y]O\M]P
\
NXZY]LO]G]T]FZ
UVXWS[L
NX[LVU]Q
PZ
8]
O\
R]
NO]HZP
\O\
R]
WZ
WPZJ N[XZSO]
3[
QZ
NX\YI\N
S[Q\
QZ
\MKX\W][
QZP5
9]R]
H\U]P
[TZ
\MP\GB[U\YZ
[YR]
QZ NX[GO[WU
3[
QZ
NX\YI\N
S[Q\
QZ
VTZ[
P[RZXJ
WX]P[U]
PZYZ
S[Q\
W]P
V
2]X\MV
3]Q
"S\OJ Y[WU
$\U]T]
UVXWS]
XZT[OVI\Q]
\
WTZ
GU[
QZ
UVXP]S!
QZ
Y]X]TY[
Y\GU]
RXVL[
R[
"LZU\X
J [Y]
VH\Y\O]
M]WY[T]Y[
QZ
Y]
U[P
NX\YI\
NV
PZS!
*R[YZU\,
/RZ
QZ
UV
SVOUVX]5 AT]S[
N]
\
Y]QP]FZ
[RWUVN]FZ
[R
FZL]
!LLL" \WU[
QZ
GU[
\
Y]M]R[T]FZ
\
MY]H\
WPXU

WZNUZPK]X
60 Bozkurt
WUX
'(J''
7
R]Y]GFZP
\MR]FV
*J>J=HDK00 WU[Q\
R]
-VWU]+]
9ZP]O
\RZ
Y]
WSVN
O\YLT\WU]
V -]DPVR
:W]R
.[MSVXU
QZ
K\[
P\Y\WU]X
RT[X]I
8[OP]K]DHZ
.[EZ
WP\OVQ
WZ
Y]
Y]G VYVUX]GF\D
N[WO[T]
V
TXZPZ
?U]
UVX
J
QZM\S
!LLL" 9[
MY]
GU]
CZ
W]R]
\MP\WO\U\
!LLL" S]
4ZR]Y
QZ
[R
NXT\D
\RZ[O[L]
S[Q\
QZ
W\WJ
2\U]FZ
QZM\S]
CZ
N[WU]U\
Q[G
WO[
EZ
Y\QZ UZP]U\HY[
NXZRWU]T\[
"SZP]O\M]P!
S][
M][
J
.\CZ
UZGS[
Y]NX]T\U\
Y[TV
H\WUSV
.\O[
K\ SXV
EZYV
R[SUX\YV
"?3GNQ?OGP5N
7N[XZR\
UZSWU[TZ
IIJ&
IIJ
IIJ
IIJ6
IIJ(
\
IIJ(0
S][
\
WO\SZ

6
\

S[Q]
WV
WZ
WXZRWUT]
S[X\WU\O]
M]
+[XP\X]FZ
\
[RXE]T]FZ
M]QZRY\HS[L
\RZYU\UZU]
V
Y[T\P
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
RXE]T]P]
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\5
00
-\WO\
WZ
Y]
Y[T\YZ
N[R
U\P
Y]M\T[P
<
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
!Q-"&

P;OMKPEKNQOCNMEM>ODN
9VOUVX]
QZ
[R
SBVHY[L
MY]H]Q]
M]
Y]NXZR]S
\
Q]H]FZ
Y]I\QZ
3[
WV
ZO\UZ
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
QVL[J
\WU[HYZ
:TX[NZ
WDT]U\OZ
\
PY[L[
WV
UXVR]
VO[E\OZ
R]
Y]
WT]S\
SVOUVXY\
NX[\MT[R
VU\WYV
Y]I\
J
[
Y]OY\
NZH]U
=]I\[Y]O\M]I\Q]
SVOUVXZ
[KVDT]U]
YZ
W]P[
W\WUZP]UWS[
NX[P\GB]FZ
[
Y]I\Q\
X]MT[QV
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
WO\S]
[
WZK\
W]P\P]
\
WUZXZ[U\N]
TZC
\
NX\PZYV
X]MY\D
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
W\PJ
K[O]
7
[T[P
N[LO]TBV
CZP[
WZ
K]T\U\
W]P[
YZS\P]
[R
F\D
]WU]T]
LXK
\
D\PY]
WV
[KZOZEQ]
RXE]T
Y[WU\
]
LX]<]Y\
WZ
VHZ
R]
WZ
W
U\P
W\PK[O\P]
N[\WU[TZCVQV
3[S[P
TXZPZY]
WT]S]
QZ
RXE]
J
T]
N[HZO]
R]
WO]T\
QZR]Y
\O\
T\GZ
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
NX]MY\S]
S[Q\
NXZRWU]TB]QV
Y]QTZCZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
R[L]<]QZ
>WU[X\Q]
WZ
N[S]M]O]
S][
YZNXZWVGY\
\MT[X
W\PK[O]
\
DZX[Q]
>YUZOZSUV]OI\
\
N[O\J
U\H]X\
WV
NX\WT[Q\O\
X]MO\H\UZ
\WU[X\QWSZ
UXZYVUSZ
\
O\HY[WU\
\
\WS[X\WU\O\
\D
M]
U[
R]
NX[GO[WU
NXZRWU]TZ
V
WSO]RV
W
TO]WU\U\P
UXZYVUY\P
\YUZXZW\P]
\
M]P\WO\P]
1ZC\Y]
Y]I\[Y]OJ
Y\D
DZX[Q]
R[O]M\
\M
R]OZSZ
NX[GO[WU\
]O\
\P]
\
[Y\D
S[Q\
NX\N]R]QV
W]TXZPZY[WU\
\D[T]
QZ
VO[L]
R]
V
R[K]
P\X]
N[RWU]SYV
[WZC]FZ
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
N[Y[W]
]
V
TXZPZ
X]U]
R]
Q]H]QV
S[DZM\QV
\
N[WTZCZY[WU
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
I\BZT\P]
@R
SX]Q]
XIX TZS]
WT]S]
ZTX[NWS]
Y]I\Q]
QZ
\P]O]
P]S]X
QZRY[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
NZWY\S]
QZRY[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
WO\S]X]
\O\
T]Q]X]
\
Y]X]TY[
Y]I\[Y]OYV
Y]
J
X[RYV
SVOUVXV
S[Q]
[KVDT]U]
Y]X[RYV
SF\EZTY[WU
\
Y]X[RYZ
Y[GFZ
9VO\Y]XWUT[
\
WN[XU
U]S[<Z
WV
S[X\GCZY\
M]
Q]H]FZ
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
QZR\YWUT]
\
N[Y[W]
S[R
LX]<]Y]
@RY[W\
PZ<V
Y]I\Q]P]
Y\WV
K\O\
[LX]Y\HZY\
W]P[
Y]
W\PK[O\HS[
Y]RPZU]FZ
2[O\U\HS\
WVS[K\
WV
HZWU[
\MK\Q]O\
V
P[RZXJ
Y[Q
:TX[N\
S][
\
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
S[Q]
MK[L
WT[Q\D
YZWU]K\OY\D
RXE]T]
\
PY[L[KX[QY\D
UZX\
J
U[X\Q]OY\D
NXZUZYM\Q]
Y\QZ
K\O]
\MVMZU]S
AU[L]
QZ
NX\NXZP]
M]
X]U
K\O]
QZR]Y
[R
SBVHY\D
I\BZJ
T]
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
\RZ[O[L\QZ
=]I\[Y]OY\
N]YUZ[Y\
WV
K\O\
NVY\
N[O\U\HS\D
T[<]
\
X]UY\D
DZX[Q]
2]EF]
Y\QZ
N[WTZC\T]Y]
W]P[
[RX]WO\P
PVGS]XI\P]
TZC
\
EZY]P]
\
RZI\
S[Q\
WV
Y]GO\
WT[QZ
PZWU[
V
K[XK\
M]
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
I\BZTZ
ZYZ
\
RZI]
WV
N[WP]UX]Y\
S][
YZT\Y\
\
YZWZK\HY\
UZ
QZ
F\D[T[
VSBVH\T]FZ
V
K[XKV
M]
[WUT]XZFZ
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
I\BZT]
RZO[T]O[
S][
SBVHY\
R[S]M
R]
U\
I\BZT\
S][
\
H\U]T]
Y]I\[Y]OY]
K[XK]
QZWV
[NX]TR]Y\
\
TXZRY\
ZYZ
S][
P]QSZ
\
T]WN\
U]
J
H\
IZ
RZIZ
\
RZI]
S][
KVRVC\
LX]<]Y\
\
T[QY\I\
U]S[
WV
R[K\O\
TZO\S\
MY]H]Q
V
G\XZFV
VTZXZJ
F]
R]
QZ
KVRVCY[WU
Y]I\QZ
WTZUO]
\
W\LVXY]
IIIPAQGPQDNQKP;ODP
III=BAQ -LPFPQ OQ M7PFN<NQ LI@IKJHNQ KP;ODN( S[QZP

E\T\
U]S[
\
Y]I\Q]
\P]
NX]T]
\
RVE
J
?MQ J'FPGP5IQ ?NJKOHPQ OQ ?MEOGO2PLP Y[
WU\
NXZP]
W]P[Q
WZK\
\
RXVL\P
Y]I\Q]P]
O@OGLODPQ$MEOKGOKNPKIPQ9B8*6: FZY]
NX]T]
WV
M]NX]T[
FZYZ
RVEY[WU\
=]QVMT\GZY\QZ
NX]T[
Y]I\QZ
QZ
FZY[
NX]T[
;VPVY\
WV
Y]I\Q]
Y]I\Q]
QZ
Y]X[R
\
WTZ
SO]
J R]
VNX]TB]
W[K[P
Y]
Y]H\Y
S[Q\
W]P]
WZ
S[QZ
L]
H\YZ
\
M]QZRY[
E\TZ
N[
\WU\P
M]
J [R]KZXZ
\
R]
WZ
[RXE\
Y]I\Q]
VTZS
\P]
S[
Y\P]
\
[K\H]Q\P]
\
L[T[XZ
\WU\P
QZ
M\
J NX]
T[
[WO]F]QVC\
WZ
Y]
TO]
WU\
UZ
WY]LZ
R]
S[P
AT]S]
Y]I\Q]
\P]
S]X]SUZX
N[
S[QZP [RK\QZ
WT]SV
TXWUV
Y]N]R]
WN[B]
FZY[
WZ
X]MO\SVQZ
[R
WT\D
RXVL\D
9][
GU[
N[
QZ
J UXZCZ
NX]T[
QZ
NX]T[
R]
WO[K[RY[
\
V
N[UJ
R\
Y]I
\P]
NX]T]
\
RVEY[WU\
V
RXVGUTV
V NVY[WU\
X]MT\QZ
WT[QZ
WN[W[KY[WU\
WTZ
R[S
<6
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
F\D[T]
NX\PZY]
YZ
GUZU\
\YUZXZW\P]
RXV
J N[X[R\I]
!LLL"
L\D
Y]I\Q]
2XT]
RVEY[WU
Y]I\Q]
U[
QZWU @U]I#
:
U[
QZ
[Y[
GU[
P\
UXZK]
R]
U\
S]
J
QZR
YZ
Y]I\QZ
V
[RY[WV
Y]
WTZ
[WU]OZ
RVE
J EZP
GU]
QZ
U[
Y]X[R
%\B]R]P]
\
D\B]R]
J
Y[WU
V
S[Q[Q
WZ
W]E\P]QV
WTZ
[WU]OZ
FZYZ P]
[Y]S\D
N[X[R\I]
S][
GU[
WP[
\D
T\
RZ
J
RVEY[WU\
QZWUZ
RVEY[WU
R]
WZ
FZY\
NX\J O\
X]
WVUZ
WV
Y]
R]OZS[
\
Y]
G\X[S[
N[
N]RY\I\
PZ<VW[KY[
T[OZ
\
N[P]EV KXR\P]
\
R[O[T\P]
[S[
XZS]
\
N[SX]Q
Bolintineanu, II
WUX
' P[X]
N[
R[KX\P
\
N[
O[G\P
MZPB]P]
Y]
IZO[Q
MZP
B\
Y]G[Q
AT]
U]
LXRY]
L[P\O]
8\P\UX\QZ
.[O\YU\YZ]YV
*6J0, BVR\
YZ
L[
T[X\
WTZ
QZRY\P
QZM\S[P
R]
K\
WZ
XVPVYWS\
NZWY\S
N\W]I
\
N[O\U\H]X X]MVPZO]
A
U[L]
WV
WT\
BVR\
[T[L]
WTZU]
;[<ZY
V
TO]GS[Q
N[X[R\I\
N[XZSO[P
\M
-]
J N[RZBZY\
Y]
L[P\O\IZ
S[Q]
WZ
WT]S]
WT[Q\P
SZ
R[Y\QZ
VHZWUT[T][
QZ
V
TO]GS[P
XZT[OVJ Y]H\Y[P
X]MVPZT]QV
WT]S]
WT[Q
QZM\S
L[T[
J
I\[Y]XY[P
N[SXZUV
HZUXRZUZWZU\D
L[R\Y] XZ
8]SOZ
S[O\S[
L[R
\P]
U\D
L[P\O]
S[QZ
XIX TZS]
K\[
HO]Y
NX\TXZPZYZ
TO]RZ
\
N[
J L[T[XZ
U]S[
R]
WZ
W
RXVL[P
L[P\O[P
YZ
P[LV
SXZ
YV[
Y[T\YZ
Puporul Suveran 1ABHFHGJ X]MVPZU\
[YZ
WZ
M[TV
Y]X[R[P
!LLL"
GKFI?
7
YZS[O\S[
Y]TX]U]
&
\
&(
@U]I#
=]X[R\
WZ
N[MY]QV
N[
QZM\SV
9[O\S[
L[R\YZ
K\[
QZ
P\Y\WU]X
WN[BY\D
N[WO[T]
\
L[R
D\B]R]
N[X[R\I]
L[T[XZ
QZR]Y
QZM\S
\
P\Y\WU]X
TZX]
\
[KX]M[T]F]
X]MVPZQV
WZ
[YZ
H\YZ
Y]X[R
=]
NX\PZX
S]R
U\
[R]TRZ
N[<ZG
P[EZG
MY]U\
O]S[
9[Q\
ZOZPZYU\
N[
P\GBZFV
]VU[X] R[SOZ
WZ
NX[WU\XZ
Y]X[R
V
S[PZ
WP[
\
P\
[T[L
UZSWU]
[RXZ<VQV
QZRYV
Y]I\QV5 >R\
Y]
WZTZX
Y]
M]N]R
Y]
\WU[S
\
QVL
N]
7N[XZR\
U[
W
RZ+\Y\I\Q[P
XZH\
"Y]I\Q]! SVR
L[R
KVRZG
NVU[T][
R[SOZ
L[R
HVQZG
R]
S[QV
CZG
Y]C\
V
XZHY\SV
9[Q]
WV
N[
P\G
J WZ
[T]S[
L[T[X\
S][
S[R
Y]W
\O\
R]
\D
U\
BZ
FV
]VU[X]
Y]QT]EY\Q]
NX]T]
QZRYZ P[EZG
OZN[
X]MVPZU\
U[
QZ
WTZ
QZR]Y
Y]
J
Y]I\QZ5 X[R
?O\
\P]
Q[G
YZGU[
H\PZ
WZ
[RO\SVQZ
Y]X[R
8]
U\
Y]
NX\PZX
N[<ZG
R]OZS[
[R]TRZ
T\RZ[
K\
R[WU]
BVR\
S[Q\
YZ
W]P[
III=4AQ"7DP35N5NQ3GPQDNQKPLMCQ?LN@PQDNC= YZ
L[T[XZ
Y]G
QZM\S
YZL[
\
YZ
N[Y[WZ
WZ
KM@QJL?JHM@QI7NKOHIQ9B80.: -\O[GZP
@K\O\CZP
YZ
NZT]QV
9X]BZT\C]
-]XS]
YZ
WO]TZ
Y]G\D
WO]T]
YZ
\RV
IXSJ
AT]S\
H]W
H\U]P
V
Y[T\Y]P]
V
SF\L]P]
\ T]P]
Y]
W]K[XZ
YZ
E]OZ
M]
9[W[T[P
Y]
J
WT]S\
R]Y
WZ
HVQZ
V
X]ML[T[XV
\PZ
Y]X[R
\ G\P
$ZWU[
\
YZ
MY]QV
Y\S]S[
M]
U[
VR\
WT]S\
H]W
Y]P
T]B]
N[PZYVU\
R]
WP[
\
P\ R]S
OZ
S[Q\
L[T[XZ
QZR]Y
QZM\S
S[Q\
TZXVQV
V
Y]X[R
\
R]
WZ
M[TZP[
WXNWS\
Y]X[R
]
U[ QZR]Y
N[Y[W
Y]X[RY\
\
WTVR
WZ
QZR]Y
RXVL[L
S]R
WV
QZRY[P
NX\O\S[P
V
SVC\
;]R[
W]T
BZ
J WZC]QV
S[Q\
\P]QV
QZRYZ
\WUZ
[K\H]QZ
M[TV
T[Q
WN[PZYVUZ
UZ
XZH\
WXNWS\
Y]X[R
VN\U] WZ
Y]X[R
L]
FZ
L[T
W\Y
GU]
QZ
U[
Y]X[R
GU]
WV
U[ A\Y#
>
U]S\D
Y]X[R]
\P]
R[WU]
Y]
MZPB\
AXK\5
>
[
U[PZ
WV
WZ
N[WOZ
U[L]
[T]S[
X]MJ QZ
O\
[HZ
L[T]X]O\
@U]I#
8[WU]
W\YS[
>
WT]S\
\P]
WT[QZ
\PZ
@U]I#
Y]G
O\
U\
W\YS[
S]M]U\
P\
GU]
QZ $\P
Y]X[R

U\P
QZM\S
H\P
QZM\S

U\P
\PZ
U[
N[X[R\I]5 9[Q\
[T]Q
Y]G
QZM\S
L[T[XZ
M[TV
WZ
AXK\
]
A\Y#
Y]P
[HZ
2[X[R\I]
M[TV
WZ
RZI]
W] RXVL\D
\P]
YZKX[QZY[
.O\MV
WV
Y]P]#
WT[Q\P
[IZP
\
P]UZX[P .VL]X\
;VPVY\
\O\
1O]W\
-]]X\
AO[
J
@U]I#
?
S]R
[U]I
\P]
KX]CZ
]
P]U\
WZWJ TZY
I\
3]O\Q]YI\
=ZPI\
\
U]S[
\D
\P]
U]X]
N]
[Y\
[NZU
\P]QV
WT[QZ
RZIZ

Y\QZ
O\ TXO[
PY[L[
Y]
[T[Q
MZPB\
Y]G[Q
\
U[
N[X[R\I]5 A\Y#
3[
[HZ
WT]S\
Y]X[R
\P]
WT[QZ
\PZ
A\Y#
4ZWUZ
[HZ
\
U[
ATZ
QZ
U[
M]QZRY[ [Y]
S[
S][
WT]S\
H[TZS !LLL"
<1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
2]
N[WOZ
S]R
WV
T\GZ
Y]X[R]
[T]S[
V
WX[RJ III=)AQ -MO@P5NQ KP;ODNQ HMCQ IJGPN
WUTV
N[
QZM\SV
\
[K\H]Q\P]
S][
GU[
U\
L[T[
J N@PE=?P3N
X\P
M]
Y]W
.VL]XZ
AO[TZYIZ
$ZDZ
2[
B]
J
SZ
;VWZ
\
Q[G
RT]
UX\
[YR]
WZ
[Y\
WP]UX]J AQKP2PDQLNEO>ODNQGMHM@QLPGPQ9B64.:
QV
S][
QZRY]
N[X[R\I]
QZRY[
TZO\S[
NOZPZ
3[
NOZPZ
\
WX[RWUT[
V
S[P
WP[
P\
M[TZ
WZ @NGU\
NX\YI\N
QZ
WOZRZC\#
X]MO\H\U\
N[SJ
NOZPZ
WO[TZYWS[
?
[R
U[L]
NOZPZY]
WO[
J O[Y\I\
\WO]P]
S[Q\
E\TZ
V
N[RXVHQ\P]
VYV
J
TZY
WS[L]
P\
*AXK\
\
%XT]U\,
.VL]X\
\
AO[
J U]X
Y]G\D
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
LX]Y\I]
QZWV
M]\WU]
TZY
I\
M[TZP[
WZ
QVEY\P
AO[TZY\P]
\O\
4V
J Y]
G]
KX]C]
S[Q]
PZ<VW[KY[
N[GUVQV
ZUY\H
S]
L[
WO[TZY\P]
M]
U[
GU[
P\
E\T\P[
Y]
QVLV
] XZ
L\[Y]OY]
\
ZU\HS]
NX]T]
AU[L]
P\
YZ
EZ
J
[WU]O\
WV
AO[TZY\
Y]
WZTZX
\
\WU[S
[R
Y]W O\P[
R]
VH\Y\P[
K\O[
GU]
NX[U\T
EZB]
U\D
AXNWS]
I
WUX
6J BV
R\
7S[O\S[
WP[
V
YZGU[
N[UNVY[
VTZ
XZY\
[YR]
WP[
VTZXZY\
V
U[
R]
V
[ST\
X\
P]
Y]G\D
Y]
I\[Y]OY\D
LX]Y\I]
9VXR\
3VXI\
]M\
9[QZ
WV
LO]TYZ
[W[K\YZ
Y]I\QZ
NXZP] 9\X
L\M\
\
U]S[
R]BZ
WT\
U\
\WO]PWS\
ZOZJ
[KQ]GFZFV
V
[T[P
VKZY\SV5
9[Q\
WV
WNZI\+\HY\
ZOZPZYU\
WXNWS[L
Y]I\[
J PZYU\
\P]QV
M]QZRY\HSZ
\YUZXZWZ
\
[ROVHY\
Y]O
Y[L
\RZYU\UZU]5
9[Q\
WV
LO]TY\
ZRV
J WV
R]
RZO]QV
M]QZRY[
>
P\
\WU[
U]S[
LOZR]P[
S]
U\TY\
I\BZT\
[T[L
UZSWU]5
U]
P\W
J Y]
WUT]X\
AXH]Y[
WZ
M]O]EZP[
M]
KX]UWS[
\
O\G
[
[TRZ
N[YV<ZY[P
[KQ]GFZFV5 TZX
WS[
QZR\YWUT[
AU[L]
Y\S]R]
YZP[QUZ
WVP
J
7N[XZR\
U[
W]
R]Y]GF\P
RZ+\Y\I\Q]P] F]
U\
!LLL" R]
]M
\O\
9VXR
YZCZ
LO]W]U\
M]
Y]
J
S[QZ
WZ
P[LV
Y]C\
V
Y]WU]TY\P
NX[LX]P\J GV
WUT]X
S]R]
WZ
[R
FZL]
U[
M]UX]E\
!LLL"L
Ozturk
WUX
6&J6
P]
M]
LX]<]YWS[
[KX]M[T]FZ
$AQIEGILPQ9B644:
III=/AQ "CLNN5NQ KP;ODNQ ?MQ ODOQ &MHPE?I
=]X[R\
3VXWSZ
X]WY[
TZXWS\
\
SVOUVXY[
9B64/:
VQZR\FZY\
NVY\
WV
PZ<VW[KY[L
N[GU[T]F]
EXUTVQV
WZ
QZR]Y
M]
RXVL[L]
\
H\YZ
RXVG
U
J
U]
QZ
R]SOZ
Y]I\Q]5
U]
Y]W
U[
N[TZMVQZ
TZY[
UZO[
S[QZ
\P]
M]QZRY\HSV
WVRK\YV
\
Q]HZ
[R
X]WY\D
ZUY\HS\D
LZ[LX]+WS\D
N[
J
M]QZRY\HSZ
\YUZXZWZ
O\
U\HS\D
W\O]
N]
H]S
\
W]PZ
T[BZ5
A[
I\[
J Atatürk'un
WUX
'0
O[L\Q]
R[S]MVQZ
R]
U]Q
[RY[W
N[H\T]
Y]
[KX]M[T]FV
T]WN\U]FV
\
SVOUVX\

RXVL\P AQ NCOKJGFMQ9B64):
XZH\P]
[WZC]FV
!LLL"
4]WY[
QZ
R]
Y]I\Q]
9]S[
WP[
V[H\O\
WOZRZC\
NX\X[RY\
\
\WU[
J
Y\QZ
XZMVOU]U
[SVNB]F]
Y]
X]WY[Q
ZUY\H
J
X\Q
WS\
+ZY[PZY\
\P]QV
VO[LV
V
+[XP\X]FV
S[Q
LZ[LX]+WS[Q
N[O\U\HS[Q
[WY[T\
\O\
UVXWSZ
Y]I\QZ#
N]S
Y]
[WY[TV
NVSZ
T[BZ
=]I\QV
H\YZ
BV
J

QZR\YWUTZY]
N[O\U\HS]
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]
R\
S[Q\
\P]QV
QZRY]S[
[KX]M[T]FZ
S[Q\
WV
0

QZR]Y
QZM\S
NX\DT]U\O\
\WU\
QZM\S
TZXV
P[X]O
\
ZWUZ
J

QZRY]
UZX\U[X\Q]
U\SV
!LLL"
AU[L]
QZ
VM]OVR
UX]E\U\
LZ
YZ
]
O[
J
(

QZRY]
X]W]
\
QZRY[
N[XZSO[
L\QZ
V
WT[Q[Q
Y]I\Q\
-\
UX]E\P[
W]P[
Y]
I\
J
'

\WU[X\QWS]
WX[RY[WU
[
Y]OY[
[KX]M[T]FZ
T]WN\U]FZ
\
\RZ]OZ
Gökalp
WUX
J' &

P[X]OY]
\
ZUY\HS]
WX[RY[WU
ATZ
[T[
N[WU[Q\
V
UVXWS[Q
]O\
YZ
V
N[UJ
NVY[WU\
\
S[R
RXVL\D
Y]I\Q]
7[NGUZY\QZ
7N[XZR\
[T]Q
UZSWU
W]
IIJ(0#
S[Q\
ZOZJ L[T[XZC\
R]
K\WP[
YZSV
M]QZRY\IV
Y]MT]O\
PZYU
N\W]I
\MRT]Q]
S][
S]X]SUZXJ
\WU\H]Y
M]
Y]I\[Y]OYV
LXVNV5
9]STV "Y]I\Q[P!
N[UXZKY[
QZ
R]
WT\
\O\
K]XZP
VO[LV
[Y
R]QZ
[KX]M[T]FV5 YZS\
[R
Y]TZRZY\D
VWO[T]
KVRV
\WNVFZY\
Atatürk'un
WUX

<<
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
&AQ M?3GPFP5NQ OQ ?MDNCKMJGPF+OFP5N Y\I]

S[QV
H\YZ
NX\N]RY\I\
QZRYZ
SVOUVXZ
9B646: QZ
WUZ
"Y]I\Q]!
[YR]
W]P[
Y]T[R\P[
Y]Q
SX]
J
CV
RZ+\Y\I\QV
"Y]I\QZ! Atatürk'un
WUX
(
%]QRZ
R]
Y]NX]T\P[
RZ+\Y\I\QV
S[Q]
K\
S[
J
O\S[
L[R
QZ
U[
P[LVCZ
[RL[T]X]O]
WT]S[Q U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
N[WU[Q\
U[O\S[
PY[
L[
RZ+\Y\I\Q]
\
P[LVCY[WU\
RZ
+\
J
Y]
I\Q\
@Y\
S[Q\
N[WZRVQV#

K[L]UV
X\MY\IV
WZC]F]
\W]F]
Y]I\Q]5
-[EZG
O\
N[QZR\YZ
?U]
J
Y
0

EZBV
\
W]LO]WY[WU
R]
E\TZ
M]
QZRY[ UVXS[TZ
RZ+\Y\I\QZ
N[TZM]U\
W
[RXZ
J

M]QZRY\HSV
T[BV
R]
WZ
KX]Y\
M]
QZR
Y\
J
<ZY\P
\WU[X\QWS\P
W\UV]I\Q]P]
S[QZ
WV
HS]
K]GU\Y] P[LOZ
VU\I]U\
Y]
FZL[T[
N[\P]FZ
Y]
I\
QZ5
@Y\
H\YZ
M]QZRY\IV
S[Q]
WZ
Y]M\T]
"Y]I\Q]! -[EZG
O\
U\
W]PW]P]
R]
N[YVR\G
YZSV
7
WSO]RV
W
U\P
VS[O\S[
S]EZP[
R]
M]QZRJ RZ+\Y\I\QV5
III7AQ1P@MMCLNN5N
III=%AQ$OGOQ$I>PLOKQ#Q-NJ@PQ)!0*+-/(0 ( .VL]X\Y
W]P
\
W]MXZT]P
FPKPQP<MFPQ9B6B0: 7
TZO\S\P
R]Y\P]
V
TXZPZYV
WO]TY[P
4]
W\Y
W]P
MZPBZ
U]S[
R\TYZ
.VL]X\Y
W]P
\
Q]S 4]
W\Y
W]P
\M
NOZPZY]
DX]KX\D
.VL]XWS]
PZ
P]QS]
X[R\O] 1]M[T
WUX

K[L
U[O\S\D
OZN[U]
\
R[K]X]
1[O\P
M]T\H]Q
WT[Q >T]Y
1]M[T
*'J60,
K\[
QZ
KVL]XWJ
S\
N\W]I
NZWY\S
\
N[O\U\H]X
N[MY]U
.VL]X\Y
W]P
\
T[O\P S][
"N]UX\Q]XD
KVL]XWSZ
SF\EZTY[WU\!
;[
J
=]GZ
NO]Y\YZ
U]S[
MZOZYZ <ZY
QZ
V
A[N[UV
V
KVL]XWS[Q
8[O\Y\
XVE]
ZP\
LX\X][
QZ
V
;VPVY\QV
\
;VW\QV
\
K\[
QZ
>
GU[
PZ
.VL]X\Y[P
M[TV
VSBV
HZY
V
KVL]XWS\
[WO[K[R\O]HS\
N[SXZU
=]QTZC]
X]R[WU
QZ
PZY\ Z
L[T]
NXT]
N[ZP]
K\O]
QZ
$IF<K
U[S[P
X]
J
U]
\M

[KQ]T\[
QZ
SF\LV
1:KEH4H
4]
W]P
WO[K[R]Y
.VL]X\Y ]
Y]S[Y
+[XP\X]F]
KVL]XWSZ
RXE]TZ
N[RWZJ
7
MZPB\
WO[K[RZ
Q]
\T\P U\[
QZ
Y]
TXZPZ
[WP]YWSZ
TO]R]T\YZ
V
N[MY]
J
ATZ
GU[
QZ
KVL]XWS[ U[P
KVL]XWS[P
X[P]YV
-I?L =KF@I@
3[S[P
4]
WO]T\P
LOZR]P
HVT]P
\
IZY\P K]O
S]YWS\D
X]U[T]
\
2XT[L
WTZUWS[L
X]U]
[K
Q]T\[
QZ
TZC\
KX[Q
Y]I\[Y]O\WU\HS\D
NZ
W]
J
P]
*T\R\
$\U]YSV

$K>CKGECJLFKDIBJ
UZSW
J
U[
TZ
IIJ'
\
VJ,
2ZWP]
$A;KFJGLEK@ VH\
WZ
V
WT\P
KVL]XWS\P
[WY[TY\P
GS[O]P]
III=*AQ $OGOQ E7PKP;Q #Q @O3+N5NQ -P3HP QZ

YZTZX[T]U]Y
\
YZ[KQ]GF\T
+ZY[PZY
PJNQ9B806: ]O\
U]
WZ
X]W]
[RVNXO]
TXZPZYV
S[QZ
WTZ
VY\
GU]T]
\
PZF]
VWNZO]
QZ
R]
W]HVT]
QZ
J
.\O\
[Y\
PVWO\P]Y\
NX]T[WO]TI\
\O\ M\S
\]S[
Y\QZ
\P]O]
SF\EZTY[WU
\O\
X]M
J
S]U[O\I\
?OK]YI\
WV
VTZXZY\
WP[
\WU[ T\QZYV
I\T\O\M]I\QV
\
N[TXD
U[L]
VWNZO]
S][
\
NXZ
UX\RZWZU
TZS[T]
Y]QWU]X\Q\ R]
W]HVT]
WT[Q
\MT[XY\
\
S]X]SUZX\WU\HY\
ZTX[NWS\
Y]X[R
X]W]
S[Q]
QZ
Y]QP]FZ NX[+\O
]
R]
NX\
U[P
YZ
KVRZ
YZRXVEZ
BV
J
\MPZG]Y]
W]
[WU]O\P
N[MY]U\P
X]W]P]
U[ K\T]
\
R]
V
WT[P
N[Y]G]FV
YZ
\WN[B]T]
KEE
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
N[R[MXZFZ
NXZP]
TZX[T]F\P]
\
X\UV]O\J 1EAQB4AQP;ODPQIQJEOHP@PQ#QLI@IKJHP
P]
XZO\L\Q]
S[QZ
QZ
NX\P\O]
U[S[P
N[KZRJ LP<>ENCKO;PQ9?M2NGPHQXX FNHP:
Y\HS[L
D[R]
SX[M
TZS[TZ
Vasa
WUX
00
2]GS[
1]W]
*0'J60,
\WU]SYVU\
]OK]YWS\
N\W]I
\
RXE]TY\S
XIX TZS]
X[<ZY
V
AS]RXV
2[WOZ
PO]R]O]HS\D
]T]YUVJ
X]
*VHZWUT[T][
QZ
V
XZT[OVI\Q\
V
>U]O\Q\
(
L[R\YZ,
VG][
V
RXE]TYV
WOVEKV
@WP]Y
WS[L
I]XWUT]
\
Y]
SX]QV
N[WU][
Y]PZWJ
Y\S
\K]Y]
.\[
QZ
O[Q]O]Y
WOVEKZY\S
)]XWUT]
]O\
QZ
\WU[TXZPZY[
[WY[T][
YZS[J
O\S[
]OK]YWS\D
SVOUVXY\D
RXVGU]T]
\
Y]
]OK]YWS[P
[KQ]T\[
PY[GUT[
UZSWU[T]
[
]OK]YWS[P
QZM\SV
\WU[X\Q\
\
N[O\U\I\
Z
J
L[T
N[O\U\HS\
I\B
Y\QZ
K\[
WUT]X]FZ
YZM]
J
T\WYZ
?OK]Y\QZ
TZC
[SVNB]FZ
WT\D
S[Q\
Y]
UZX\U[X\Q\
@WP]YWS[L
I]XWUT]
L[T[XZ
]OK]Y
WS\P
QZM\S[P
V
QZRYV
]RP\Y\WUX]U\TYV
QZR\Y\IV
*T\O]QZU,
S[Q]
CZ
\P]U\
\MTZWY\
WUZ
NZY
]VU[Y[P\QZ
1EAQBBAQP;ODPQIQJEOHP@PQ#QJEMQFNQKP2QHP
LP<>ENCKO;PQ9?M2NGPHQXX FNHP: România
WUX
''
@T[
QZ
QZRY]
[R
Y\M]
X]MLOZRY\I]
S[QZ
NX\S]MVQV
;VPVYZ
V
UX]R\I\[Y]OY[Q
Y[GF\
\
NX\
WT]S[RYZTY\P
N[WO[T\P]
7N[XZR\UZ
[TZ
RTZ
X]MLOZRY\IZ
-[EZ
O\
P[U\T
W]
X]MLOZRY\IZ
R]
R[NX\YZWZ
Q]H]FV
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYU\
J
UZ
U]5
?S[
P[EZ
S]S[5
III=0AQ $OGOQ IL2OKQ #Q @O3+N5NQ CLQ !O<N

ILPQ9B6/4:
3VXWS]
Y]I\Q]
QZ
QZRY]
[R
.[LV
Y]QP\O\Q\D
Y]I\Q]
-VRX[WU
DZX[\M]P
MY]FZ
\
VPZUJ
Y\HSZ
WN[W[KY[WU\
F[Q
WV
R]UZ
T\GZ
Y[
\QZRY[Q
RXVL[Q
>
NXZ
\
N[WOZ
%X\WU]
P\
WP[
WUT[X\O\
PY[L[
I\T\O\M]I\Q]
Y]
NX[WU[XV
[R
9\YZWS[L
P[X]
N]
WTZ
R[
.]OS]Y]
:L\NU]
-]X[S]
AU[L]
MK[L
TXZRY[WU\
S[QV
\P]
RX]LVB
WN[W[KY[WU\
V
UVXWS[Q
SXT\
!LLL"
Nur
WUX
'0
KEK
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
III=8AQ$OGOQ1EMFNKP;Q#QO@OGLODNQ!I?NEQM III=6AQ 1NP5PQ &NML>PQ MKNJHI=&OMKP

KPLPFOQ1EMFNKP;PQ9B680: 9B886:Q#QLI@IKJHOQJN+P;OQJNQKNQ?MOJGMQ=
FNIDIQJPQJFMDM@QKP;ODM@
7
NX[GO[WU\
QZ
H\Y\
WZ
TZXWS[
NXZ
[KX]
C]
FZ
K\O[
LO]TY[
[XV<Z
[WO[K[<ZF]
AO[
TZ
Y]
I] 9[
WZ
YZ
WZC]
R]
W\
Q[G
NXZ
YZS[O\S[
L[R\Y]
2XZ[KX]C]FZ
MY]H\
NX[PZY\U\
K[L]
WTZ
IZ P[L][
R]
N\U]G
WZB]S]#
"U]
W\
U\5!
]
R]
P[X]O
\
SVOUVXV
@Y[
QZ
RXVGUTZY\
NXZTX]U U\
[Y
HZGS]QVC\
WZ
N[
LO]T\
[RL[T[X\
VM
N[
J
S[Q\
PZF]
TXZRY[WU\
\RZQZ
NX]
T\
O]
\
M]S[YZ Y\MY\
WPZG]S#
"2]
L[WN[R\YZ
GU]
K\
UXZK]J
2XZ[KX]C]FZ
\M
QZRYZ
TZXZ
V
RXVLV
S]
J O[
R]
KVRZP5
4]
W]P
S][
\
WT\
DX\G
C]Y\
X]SUZX\GZ
AO[TZYIZ
[R
W]P[L
N[HZUS]
!LLL" DX\G
C]Y\Y
S[Q\
WU[Q\
NXZR
.[L[P!
?
]S[
L]
=\QZRY[
TZO\S[
NXZ[KX]C]FZ
Y\QZ
LVXYVO[ N\U]G
L[T[XZC\
FZL[T\P
XZHY\S[P#
"2[K[
J
AO[TZYIZ
VY]M]R
=]NX[U\T
M]DT]BVQVC\ LV
X[<]HZ
M]GU[
S]EZG
W]P[
DX\G
C]
Y\Y5
F\
P]
P\
WP[
[NWU]O\
\
Y]NXZR[T]O\
A
RXV
J %X\GC]Y\Y
2]
\
.VL]X\Y
QZ
DX\G
C]
Y\Y
\
LZ
WUX]YZ
E\T[U
NVY
NXZ[KX]C]F]
MY]
H\
\ -[WS[TB]Y\Y
\
/XS
3\
W\
DX\G
C]Y\Y
]O\
WUT]X]FZ
N[WZKY[L
PZYU]O\UZU]
\O\
Y]
I\[
J W\
\
Q[G
YZGU[
M]X
YZ5
]X
YZ
[WZC]G
R]
W\
Y]O
Y[L
RVD]
3]Q
K\WP[
PZYU]O\UZU
NX[T\J N[
WT[Q\P
NXZI\P]
;VPVY
;VPVY
MZOZY
S][
M[XY[
P[LO\
Y]MT]U\
RVD[P
NX\O]
L[R
B\
J
DX]WU
W]
WY]EY\P
XVS]P]
S[QZ
CZ
N[X]M\U\
T[WU\
S[PNX[P\W]
\
N[U\WS\T]F]
]O\
\
YZNX\Q]UZBZ !
"2]
L[WN[R\YZ!
[RL[T[X\CZ
X]I\[Y]O[WU\
\
[UT[XZY[WU\
7
N[
O\
U\I\
WV
U\
WZB]S
"YZ
X]MVPZP
WZ
Q]
V
UZ
WUT]X\
T\
AO[TZYI\
HZWU[
NX]T\O\
W]P[
P]OZ
S[X]SZ
L[T[X\UZ
S][
\M
YZSZ
SF\LZ !
YZNX\Q]UY]
W]TZMY\GUT]
\
K\O\
+OZSW\K\OJ
Ionescu-Gion
WUX
&J
Y\
MK[L
HZL]
WV
N[TXZPZY[
UXNZ
O\
[GUX]
P[X]OY]
NXZK]I\T]F]
K[L
U]ST[L
PZYU]
J
O\UZU]
[Y\
HZWU[
N]UZ
[R
[WZ
C]Q]
XZM\LY]I\J
QZ
S[Q]
\D
Y]L[Y\
\
R]
Y]NVWUZ
WT[QV
MZPBV
]
\P]QV
\
T\W[SV
WU[NV
W]P[VK\WU]T]
Stokes
WUX
0
8\P\UX\QZ
;VNZO
WO[TZY]HS\
\YUZ
J /Z[XL
4[YZWSVJ/\[Y
*&J6(,
R[WU]
OZS
UV]O]I
\
N[O\U\H]X
;[<ZY
6(& [KQ]TB\T][
S][
Y[T\Y]X
\
\WU[X\H]X
L[R\YZ
WUVR\X][
SF\EZTY[WU
\
W[I\[O[L\QV AUVR\X][
V
.X\WZOV
\
2]X\MV
\
X]R\[
S][
K\[
T]YXZRY\
NX[+ZW[X
Y]
7Y\TZXM\UZUV
V WXZRF[GS[OWS\
NX[+ZW[X
+X]YIVWS[L
\
VKB]Y\
3[S[P
[W]PRZWZU\D
VXZ<\T][ \WU[X\QZ
R]
K\
S]WY\QZ
N[WU][
LO]TY\
SX\
U\HS\
VWPZXZYZ
H]W[N\WZ
-FI<>H@J \ \YWNZSU[X
M]
WXZRF[GS[OWS[
[KX]M[T]FZ
'IBKLFHBJ=K
M]O]L][
WZ
M]
WO[TZY]HSV
YZM]J @T[
QZ
[RO[P]S
\M
L[T[X]
Y]
WSVNV
[RXE]
J
T\WY[WU
\
Q]YV]X]
66
L[R\YZ
N[WU][
NXZR
J Y[P
V
KVSVXZGU]YWS[P
?UZY]VPV
WZRY\S
AO[TZY]HS[L
RZP[SX]UWS[L
W]TZM]
A87
QZ
K\[
RZ[
[N[M\I\[YZ
S[]O\I\QZ
8:-@A
S[Q]
QZ
V
]NX\OV
66
L[R\YZ
N[KZJ
R\O]
Y]
NXT\P
T\GZWUX]Y]HS\P
\MK[X\P]
V
AO[TZY\Q\
2[WOZ
U\D
\MK[X]
[Y
QZ
N[WU][
QZR]Y
[R
T[RZC\D
WO[TZY]HS\D
N[O\U\H]X]
\
V
RT]
Y]TX]U]
P\Y\WU]X
WN[BY\D
N[WO[T]
9]S[
QZ
[TRZ
NXZRWU]TBZY]
X]MO\S]
\MPZ<V
TZXWS[L
\
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYJ
2[SVG]Q
R]
V
NXZUD[RY]
HZU\X\
UZSWJ
U]
VPZWU[
M]PZY\IZ
"P\!
VPZUYZG U\UZU]5
U]
QZ
4[YZWSVJ/\[YV
T]EY\QZ5
]GU[
QZ
SX]QZP
XIX TZS]
Y]I\[Y]OY\
[RXZRY\IV
WT[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYU\UZJ
U]
8]
O\
NX[Y]O]M\G
YZSZ
M]QZRY\HSZ \RZYU\UZU
N[WU][
T]EY\Q\
[R
TZXWS[L5
ZOZPZYUZ5
=]NX]T\
WN\W]S
M]QZRY\HS\D -[EZG
O\
R]
V[H\G
TZMV
\MPZ<V
U[L]
\
ZOZPZY]U]
\
X]MO\S]
WUT]X]F]
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ5
KEB
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
III=B.AQ M,OF+PDQ AQ AQ $LNOEJMLCP

9B6.%:Q#QIQPHNCMKODOQJNQKNQ?MOJGMFNIDI %ZYX\
=[ZO
.XZ\OW+[XR
*J6',
JPQJFMDM@QKP;ODM@ KX\U]YWS\
Y[T\Y]X
NX[TZ[
YZS[O\S[
L[R\Y]
Y]
.]OS]YV
S][
R[KX[T[B]I
V
AZC]FZ
Y]
NX[GO[WU
QZ
N[UNVY[
\GH\OZO[ DZOZY[+\OWS[Q
OZL\Q\
M]U\P
S][
R[N\WY\S
\
\
WZB]Y\P]
QZ
[WU]O[
W]P[
YZQ]WY[
NXZ
R]
J VNX]TY\S
KX\U]YWSZ
R[KX[UT[XYZ
P\W\QZ
V
FZ
S]S[
WV
F\D[T\
NXZI\
YZS]R]
R]TY[ -]SZR[Y\Q\
6
L[R\YZ
A
NVY[
X]MV
PZ
T]
J
F]
M]
P]SZR[YWSV
WUT]X
[KQ]T\[
XZMVOU]UZ
VE\
T]O\
V
WO[K[R\
7
QZRY[P
M]K]HZY[P
WT[L
SVOUVX[O[GS[J\WU[X\QWS[L
\WUX]E\
T]
J
WZ[IZUV
V
KO\M\Y\
@DX\R]
V
S[PZ
YZP]
Y\ F]
Y]
U[P
N[RXVHQV
6'
L[R\YZ
VH\UZB]
Y\
WTZGUZY\S]
\
H\Q\
Y\QZR]Y
WU]
J
Y[TY\S
YZ
VPZ
R]
N\GZ
\
H\U]
X]ML[T]X][
W]P
W
YZS[O\S[
RZH]S]
R]
K\D
T\RZ[
S[
O\
J
S[
[Y\
MY]QV
[
WT[Q[Q
NX[GO[WU\
@RTZ[
W]P
\D
Y]
[W]PBZY[
\
YZ[K\HY[
M][KBZY[
KXR[
Y]
H\QZP
TXDV
WV
XVGZT\YZ
VUTX<ZF]
KV
L]X
J
U]
QZ
LO]TY\
\MT[X
\RZYU\+\S]I\J
QZ
\M
T\MVXZ
[T\D
RZH]S]5
]GU[
W
S[L
I]X]
S[Q\
WZ
Y]RT\Q]QV
Y]R
QZMZX[P
\ N\W]I
Y]LO]G]T]
S]S[
V
WZOV
Y\QZ
K\O[
R[O\Y[P
"9[
QZ
[T[
\MLX]R\[5!
N\U][
W]P Y\
GS[OZ
Y\
WTZGUZY\S]
]
R]
WV
WZB]I\
\D
@RL[T[X
QZ
MTVH][
VNZH]UB\T[#
"AO[
J K\O\
YZN\WPZY\5
U]
P\WO\G
R]
O\
K\
K[R
Y\
BVR\!
"?
S[
WV
[Y\
K\O\5!
"=]G\ [RL[T[X\
RZH]S]
K\O\
RXVL]H\Q\
R]
WV
RZ
R[T\!
"8]
]O\
R]
O\
WV
[Y\
K\O\
AXK\
[RX]WO\
V
RXVL]H\Q\P
VWO[T\P]5
.VL]X\
/XI\
\O\
3VXI\5!
"=\WV
K\O\
3VXI\
K\O\
WV
DX\GC]Y\!
>
U[
QZ
\MLOZR]
K\O[
WTZ
GU[
WV
[Y\
MY]O\
Brailsford
WUX
66J
1EAQB/AQ$MJPKJHM'NL;N>MFP2HOQ?PFO+MK
KPQNIKPLMCKMDQO<EM,7OQIQ-PLO<IQ9B6..:
Bennett
WUX
KE;
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
=]
WTZUWS[Q
\MO[EK\
WT]S]
RXE]T]
EZO\
R]
\WU]SYZ
WT[QV
N[WZKY[WU
U]
QZ
NX\S]M]Y[
Y]
[T[P
K[W]YWS[J
DZXIZL[T]HS[P
N]T\B[YV
6
L[R\YZ5
?Y]O\M\X]Q
N[M]R\YV
WO\SZ
*]XD\UZSU[YWSZ
ZOZPZYUZ,
[RZCV
Y]
J
PZG
U]Q
N[Y]G]FZ
\
\MLOZR
BVR\
2X\SVN\
N[R]USZ
[
N[WOZRF[Q
ATZUWS[Q
\MO[EK\
\
VHZWY\I\P]
\M
UT[QZ
MZPBZ
U]
QZ
UT[
Q]
MZPB]
[R]KX]O]
R]
Y]
F[Q
NX\S]EZ5
IIIFAQP;OMKPEKPQ<KP@N5P
III=BBAQ !O>PQ MCQ NLNQ #Q ?LNCEM>Q <PJGPFNQ O KZOZ

S[GVBZ
\
IXTZY\D
H]X]N]
\O\
R[S[
J
<KP@N5PQ&L2HNQ9B060: OZY\I]
AT\
/XI\
\
/XS\FZ
S][
\
WT\
WU]Y[TY\I\
=]
M]WU]T\
\
MY]PZF\P]
/XHSZ
UXZK]
R] [TZ
XZNVKO\SZ
P[X]QV
\P]U\
Y]
GOZP[T\J
KVRZ
%ZX]SO[T]
N]O\I]
W
UX\
SXWU]
M]WU]J P]
\
S]N]P]
[MY]SV
N[NVU
[TZ
L[XZ
NX\
S]
J
T]
\
MY]PZF]
WV
UX[K[QYZ
IXTZY[
Y]
TXDV M]YZ
Y]IXU]YV
\O\
\MTZMZYV
Y]
KZO[Q
KZO[
V
WXZR\Y\
\
IXY[
R[OZ 0 US]Y\Y\
\O\
VU\WYVUV
Y]
KX[YM\#
U[
QZ
MY]S
)XTZY[
NXZRWU]TB]
I]XWSV
NVXNVXYV
K[QV
\ X]WN[MY]T]F]
PZ<V
WO[K[RY\P
RZP[SX]U]J
W]P[[RXZ<ZFZ
LXHS[L
Y]X[R]
UV
K[QV
WV P]
\
QZRY]S[P
KX]C[P
S[X\WU\O\
Y]G\
NXZI\
S]R]
WV
SXZU]O\
V P@9*>%
WUX
'''J''&
K[Q
S]S[
WZ
X]YZ
S[QZ
SXT]XZ
YZ
K\
T\RZOZ
\
RZP[X]O\W]OZ
RXVLZ
K[XIZ
.ZO[
QZ
W\PK[O
H\WU[UZ
Y]GZ
K[XKZ
NX[U\T
U\X]Y\QZ 2[WOZ
WU\I]F]
YZM]T\WY[WU\
/XHS]
)XY[
QZ
WPXU
Y]
S[QV
WP[
WNXZPY\
V
K[XK\
M] QZ
NX\DT]U\O]
W]P[
YZS[O\S[
;\L\
J
WO[K[RV
\
[U]K\YV Y\D
NXZRO[L]
2[SVG]Q
R]
\MYZWZG
X]M
J
AT\
LXHS\
T[QY\I\
Y[WZ
GOZP[TZ O[LZ
M]
\
NX[U\T
NX\DT]U]F]
HTXWU\D
AT\
LXHS\
T[Q\Y\I\
\P]QV
K]Q[YZUZ
S[QZ
S][ NX]
T\O]
[RZT]F]
M]
WTZ
WU]Y[TY\SZ
P]HZTZ
Y[WZ
M]RZYVUZ
M]
N[Q]W
\O\
]S[
QZ QZRYZ
RXE]TZ
N[UXZKY[
\
M]
TXZPZ
T[QYZ
N]X]RZ
WU]T
J 7N[XZR\
M]WU]TV
S[QV
QZ
NXZRO[E\[
;\L]
BZ
YZ
Y]
NVGSZ W]
W]R]GF[P
LXHS[P
M]WU]T[P
*WO
,
@RZC]
LXHS[L
T[QY\S]
QZ
QVY]HS]
[RZC]
S[Q]
WZ
W]WU[Q\
[R
IXY\D
SX]C\D
N]YU]O[Y]
0
AO\H]Y
X]WN[XZR
K[Q]
QZ
K\[
\
Y]
M]WU]T\
X]YIVWSZ
P]R]
QZ
VPZWU[
IXYZ
K\O]
WTZUO[NO]T]
KE>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
1EAQB)AQPJGPFPQ>L2HM>QMJGLFPQ-JPLNQGMHM@Q!PGPQ<PQKN<PFOJKMJG(QKPQHMDMDQJNQFOCO
?PLMEPQ1EM7MCPQOEOQJ@LG(QHLJGQOQJO@7MEOQGPDKM>QCLI3GFPQOEOHOQNGNLODP
Simaies
WUX
00
1EAQB%AQ!I@IKJHPQ<PJGPFP
7IHILN3GPKJHNQ>LPCJHNQ>PLCNQ<PQKPG?O=
JM@Q1KP>PQO<FOLNQO<QDNCOKJGFPQ9B8*0:
8TZ
EZYWSZ
+\LVXZ
NXZRWU]TB]QV
RTZ
XVPVYWSZ
SYZEZT\YZ
-[OR]T\QV
\
1O]GSV
S[QZ
WV
WZ
'6
L[R\YZ
VQZR\Y\OZ
V
QZRYV
RXE]TV
U]
QZ
K\[
I\B
VN[UXZKZ
O\S[TY\D
ZOZPZY]U]
S[Q\
R\XZSUY[
]OVR\X]QV
Y]
Y]I\QV
Y]
M]WU]T\
S[Q]
QZ
Y]NX]TBZY]
M]
QZRYV
O[S]OYV
VWU]Y[TV5
KE7
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
1EAQB*AQPJGPFPQOQ>L7QLP+NFOKNQ1L7P(QLFPGPQO
1EMFNKP;PQQLP+NFOKNQ I>MJEPFODNQ9MCQB646:
]WU]T]
\
LXK
WV
S[PK\J
Y]I\Q]
W\PK[O]
UX\
T[
J
RZ
CZ
Y]I\QZ
V
NXT[Q
4VL[WO]T\Q\
9[Q]
QZ
WTXD]
[TZ
WO\SZ5
8\P\C
III=B4AQKP2PDQPE7PKJHNQ<PJGPFN(Q>MFML
N?OJHM?PQPKQ1GOEODPKQMEODPQKP
@T]Q
L[T[X
QZ
[RXE]Y
V
AQZR\FZY\P
?M>LN7IQPOHPQMKO;NQ9B6)4: 8XE]T]P]
M]
TXZPZ
8XVL[L
WTZUWS[L
X]U]
R[S
QZ
?OK]Y\Q]
K\O]
N[R
\U]O\Q]YWS[P
8[MT[O\UZ
R]
S]EZP
\
YZS[O\S[
XZH\
[ [SVN]I\Q[P
]Y
=[O\
*0J6&',
QZ
K\[
]OK]YWS[Q
M]WU]T\
9][
GU[
MY]UZ
Y\QZRY] NX]T[WO]TY\
ZN\WS[N
\
GZWU
PZWZI\
U[S[P
M]WU]T]
\M
Y]GZL
WVWZRWUT]
Y\QZ
WU]X\Q]
[R 60(
]OK]YWS\
NXZP\QZX
\
XZLZYU
K[L
NX[J
TZS
\
N[
]
YZSZ
Y\WV
WU]XZ
Y\
H\U]T
TZS U\TBZF]
?DPZRV
[LVV
P[X][
QZ
R]
[RZ
V
=]
G]
M]WU]T]
QZ
WU]X]
Y]QP]FZ
'
L[R\Y] \MKZLO\GUT[
Y]WU]Y\[
WZ
V
AQZR\FZY\P
]
P[ER]
H]S
\
YZS[O\S[
TZS[T]
T\GZ
@Y] 8XE]
T]P]
LRZ
QZ
K\[
SBVHY]
[W[K]
M]
[RX
J
E]
T]FZ
S[PVY\S]I\QZ
\MPZ<V
?OK]Y\QZ
\
QZ
K\O]
M]WU]T]
ZX<]
9]WUX\[U]
ASZY
RZX
J
?PZ
X\SZ
@KQ]T\[
QZ
YZS[O\S[
SF\EZTY\D
\
KZ
L]
]OK]YWS[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
DZX[Q]
S[Q\
WZ
\WU[X\QWS\D
X]R[T]
S][
\
X]WNX]T]
N[WTZ
CZ
J
0'
L[R\Y]
K[X\[
NX[U\T
3VX]S]
\
K\[
N[W
J Y\D
TZXWS\P
N\U]F\P]
A]
&
L[R\YZ
*6(',
OZR
F\
DX\GC]YWS\
K[X]I
S[Q\
QZ
Y]
.]O
S]
J WUZS][
QZ
U\UVOV
R[SU[X]
Y]
7Y\TZXM\UZUV
V
YV
VWNZGY[
NXS[W\[
Y]QTZC\P
UVXWS\P
WVOJ .[WU[YV
LRZ
QZ
[RKX]Y\[
R\WZXU]I\QV
[
ASZY
J
U]Y\P]
2[WOZ
ASZYRZXKZL[TZ
WPXU\ RZX
KZLV
>]S[
WV
WZ
FZL[T\
[RY[W\
W]
?OK]
Y\QV
WV
Y]NVWU\OZ
ZTX[NWSZ
W\OZ
\
[Y] ]\S[P
9[Y\I[P
*T\R\
IIJ,
N[L[XG]O\
S]
J
QZ
K\O]
[WV<ZY]
R]
Q[G
HZU\X\
TZS]
LXI] R]
QZ
9[Y\I]
N[WU][
]OK]YWS\
]PK]W]R[X
V
N[R
UZGS\P
UVXWS\P
Q]XP[P
]
U[
TXZPZ
QZ 1]G\YLU[YV
R[S
QZ
[LV
K\[
Y]
TO]WU\
=[O\
ASZYRZXKZL[T]
M]WU]T]
M]K[X]TBZY]

Y\
J \
[LV
WV
\YUZYM\TY[
W]X]<\T]O\
N[WOZ
[SVJ
N]I\QZ
?OK]Y\QZ
66
L[R\YZ
S[
Y\QZ
MY][
M]
FZY[
N[WU[Q]FZ
WTZ
R[S
QZ
J
R]Y
PO]R\
Y]VHY\S
Y\QZ
V
K\KO\[UZI\
Y]G][
.]XOZI\QZTV
K\[LX]+\QV
ASZYRZX
KZ
J
L]
\
V
F[Q
WO\SV
UZ
M]WU]T]
3]Q
Y]VHY\S
QZ
K\[
]\S
9[Y\I]
\
U]
M]WU]T]
W]R]
NXZSX\J ?Y]O\M\X]Q
UZSWU[TZ
IIIJ
\
IIIJ0
Y]G
O\
MY]HZFZ
M]WU]TZ
UT[QZ
T]
FZL[T
S[THZL
IXTZY]
M]WU]T]
W]
IXY\P MZPBZ5
8]
O\
WT[QV
M]WU]TV
N[TZMVQZG
W
RT[
LO]T\P
[XO[P
VNX]T[
QZ
[Y]
S[QV
QZ
9[
J YZS\P
N[WZKY\P
R[L]<]QZP
\O\
YZH\P
Y\I]
"N[Y[T[
[USX\[! RXVL\P
MY]H]QY\P5
Konitza 0
WUX
(
KE
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
1EAQB0AQPKP35NQ<PJGPFNQ<N@P+PQDI>MOJGM2KNQFLM?NQ2EPKO;PQ
?OK]Y\Q]
.[WY]
\
%ZXIZL[T\Y]
.VL]XWS]
%XT]UWS]
9\N]X
/XHS]
.\TG]
4VL[
WO[
J 2[SVG]Q
R]
WDT]U\G
MY]HZFZ
[T\D
TZY
WS]
;ZNVKO\S]
-]SZR[Y\Q]
;VPVY\Q] M]WU]T]
7N[XZR\
K[QZ
\
F\D[T
X]WJ
AO[TZY\Q]
AXK\Q]
3VXWS]
)XY]
/[X]
N[XZR
7N[XZR\
[TZ
M]WU]TZ
W]
M]WU]T]J
P]
[WU]O\D
ZTX[NWS\D
MZP]B]
III=B/AQO@KN
AQ&L2HPQ'O@KPQ9B84/:
?D
WN[X[
WU\EZ
U]Q
R]Y
Y]P
M]
WTZ
T]W
WU]XZ 4ZX
Y\S[L
YZ
KZGZ
.[E]YWS\
T]WSXWOZ 8]
WZ
V
WZYI\
U\X]Y]
7
WTZUOV
T]P
[H\
M]XZ =]
U]S[
YZGU[
VWVR\
8[S
WZ
P]HZT\
S]OZ
?
W]R
W\Y[T\
\MRXE\UZ
>M
LX[K[T]
Y]GZL
X[R] >
VMKV<ZY\
R]D
M]RXE\UZ
8VD
CZ
T]G
R]
W\YZ
NX]T[ 7
K[Q
SXZY\UZ
9]R
SO\SYZP[
T]P]

MRX]T[ 3X]EZC
WO[K[RV
\O
WPXU
\TZO]
E\TZO]
WO[K[R]
>M
NXZR]HS\D
LX[K[T]
8VL[
WUZ
K\O\
7WU]CZ
RVD[T\
-Z<V
WTZU[P
GU[
E]O\ 4ZX
P\
\D
M[TZP[#
$ZS]QVC\
LO]W \TZO]
E\TZO]
WO[K[R]
9[Q\
CZ
T]W
N[MT]U\ Kapsomenos
WUX
6J6(
KE6
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
AQ E7PKJHPQ'O@KPQ9B6B4:
AU\D[TZ
LXHSZ
J@GHLE>I<I?J Y]
N\
W][
QZ
8\[Y\W\QZ
A[O[P[W
QZR]Y
[R
Y]Q
TZ
J 2[R
M]WU]T[P
S][
QZR]Y
C\D
LXHS\D
NZWY\S]
*6J',
3V
NZW
PV
[R A
QZRY[P
EZB[P
\
QZRY\P
I\BZP
'
WU\D[T]
Y]N\W][
QZ
0
L[R\YZ
U[
S[P ]SOZUTV
N[O[E\WP[
LXH
S[L
X]U]
M]
YZM]T\WY[WU
]
PVM\SV
QZ
S[PJ 7
K[XKV
M]
WN]W
N[Y[T][
=\
S[
O][W
-]Y
U]I]X[W
2XTZ
RTZ A]P[
X[<ZY\
\MR]QY\S
WUX[
+Z
NX[LO]GZYZ
WV
&(
L[
R\
YZ
M]
Y]
I\
[
J
.[XKZ
WZ
WUX]G\
Y]OYV
D\PYV
/XHSZ
VPZWU[
NXZT[R]
D\P
YZ
8[S
DX]K]X
PVHZY\HS\
.]T]XWSZ
S[Q\
QZ
R[
U]R]
K\[
V
VN[UXZK\
2]R]
\
M]
R[P[T\YV
WUX]R]
2VGSZ
V
XVS]P]
HTXWU[
RXE\P[
$AQLFPGJHPQ'O@KPQ9B8/%: >
R[P[T\YV
Y\S[PZ
YZ
R]P[
?
Y\
WT[Q\D
NX]T]
R]U\
YZCZP[
\QZN]
Y]G]
R[P[T\Y[
>
WT]S[L
YZNX\Q]UZB]
\WUZX]CZP[
@Q
QVY]HS]
MZPB[
P\O]
A]P
/[WN[R
XZHZ
AU]XZ
WO]TZ
RQZR[T\Y[
=]X[R\
CZ
YZWU]Q]U\
R]
K\
T]MR]
WXZUY]
K\O]
?O\

?OK]Y\Q]
CZ
E\TZU\
-\O]
S]Y[
W\
Y]P
WO]TY]
4ZX
P\
K[X\P[
WZ
M]
FV
W]P[
M]
FV
-\O]
W\
Y]P
U\
QZR\Y]
www.albanian.com/information/history/index.html
-\O]
SVR]
W\
Y]P
X]TY]
-\O]
SVR]
W\
NO]Y\Y]
3ZI\
8X]T[
A]T[
UZI\
=\U
U\
8VY]T
W\OV
LVK\
A\FZ
P[XZ
WT\QZUV
XZI\
AU\D[TZ
QZ
Y]N\W][
?OZSW
AU]TXZ
8]
WT[Q
Y]X[R
%XT]U
BVK\
8XZ
Y[T]
]O\Q]W
?WRXZY\
*0J6(,
8[S
PV
F\TZ
WVYIZ
LX\QZ
8XZY[T]
QZ
RZ[
E\T[U]
NX[TZ[
V
;VPVY\Q\
\
VPX[
QZ
V
.VSVXZGUV
>MT[XY\
Y]WO[T
NZWPZ
8[S
PV
DX]GCZ
KVX]
T\QZ
QZ
Betimi mi flamur *KC>HDBKL9KEDKBJ,
]
NXT\
8[S
PV
PXUTZ
LX[K]S
SX\QZ
NVU
QZ
[KQ]TBZY]
60
L[R\YZ
V
Liri e Shqipe-
8[S
PV
E\T[
WXIZ
K\QZ
rise 1>I<I?KL9KL.><KGJ=A
]OK]YWS\P
Y[T\
J
Za Hrvatsku
WUX
' Y]P]
S[QZ
WV
WZ
\MR]T]OZ
V
A[+\Q\
2XTZ
RTZ
AU\D[TZ
DXT]UWSZ
D\PYZ
Y]N\W][
QZ WUX[+Z
W]
PVM\S[P
\NX\Q]Y]
2[XVP
KZW
SV]
?YUVY
-\D]Y[T\C
*6&J&,
\
[KQ]
T\[ *'J,
NX[LO]GZYZ
WV
M]
]OK]YWSV
V
SF\EZTY[P
H]W[N\WV
)KGJ7K '
L[
R\
YZ D\PYV
60
L[R\YZ
-\
D]Y[T\C
QZ
X[<ZY
V
]LXZKV
K\[
QZ
[+\
I\X
V
T[Q
WI\
%]KMKVXL[T]I]
\
S]WY\QZ
R\NO[P]U]
-V
M\SV
M]
WU\D[TZ
QZ
HZUXRZWZU\D
L[R\Y]
%I%
TZ
S]
Y]N\W][
4[W\N
;V
F]
Y\Y
*0J,
U]
J
S[
<Z
D]KMKVXGS\
[+\I\X
%XT]
U\
WV
UV
NZWPV U]
MY]G
[
D\PY\
WT[QZ
MZPBZ5
N[
HZUS[P
%%
TZS]
N[
HZ
O\
R]
R[
E\T
B]
T]QV
S][
WT[QV
D\PYV
7
S[PVY\W
U\H
S[Q
+ZRZX]
U\T
J
Y[Q
4VL[WO]T\Q\
QZ
NX\MY]U]
S][
D\PY]
U]
R]G
J
FZ
XZNVKO\SZ
%XT]U
W
SZ
\
V
MT]Y\HY\P
NX\
O\
J
S]
P]
QZ
\MT[<ZY]
UZS
N[WOZ
QVL[WO[
TZY
WSZ
D\P
YZ
*H=6L1>IBHGJ,
2[
7WU]TV
\M
66
FL2
BKDLECKL ?I@IBJGK
[NGUZN[MY]U]
S][
J=H:K
GKL0KL ?I@IBJGI
QZWUZ
Y]I\[Y]OY]
D\PY]
;Z
NVKO\SZ
%XT]UWSZ 7
NXT[Q
TZXM\Q\
NZ
W
PZ
WZ
YZ
N[P\FZ
"W\FZ
P[XZ!

UZ
RTZ
XZ
H\
WV
R[
J
R]
UZ
RZTZRZWZU\D
L[R\Y]
NX[GO[L
TZS]
KE1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
1EAQB8AQJGMLODPGQCL,PFKM>Q>L7P 1EAQB6AQ1L?JHOQ>L7Q?LN@PQKP;LGI
$I>PLJHNQMCQB0)BAQ>MCOKNQCMQCPKPJ -PFEPQ!OGNLPQOGN<MFOPQ9B0.B:
8]T\R[T
WUX
0
1EAQ4.AQ&L7QLP+NFOKNQ1L7ODN
9MJP@CNJNGNQ>MCOKNQIQFNHP:
VG\C
0
=]
[T[P
LXKV
WV
S[PK\Y[T]Y\
I]XWS\
*T\M]YU\QWS\,
RT[LO]T\
[X][
\
GU\U
W]
HZU\X\
"A!
=]IXU
GU\U]
QZ
VX]R\[
\WU[
J
X\
H]X
\
N[O\U\H]X
AU[Q]Y
=[T]S[T\C
9[Q\
ZOZPZYU\
WV
M]QZRY\HS\
Y]
WT\P
[T\P
T]X\Q]YU]P]
LXK]5
U]
QZ
NXZRWU]TBZY[
Y]
LXKV
UT[QZ
MZPBZ5
@RXZR\
W\PK[O\HS\
MY]H]Q
ZOZJ 7N[XZR\
[TZ
RTZ
WO\SZ
?Y]O\M\X]Q
WO\HY[WU\
\
X]MO\SZ
U]
P\WO\G
[
PZY]U]
S[Q\
H\YZ
LXK
F\P]5
KE<
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
1EAQ4BAQ&L7QLP+NFOKNQLKNQ&MLN( III=B)AQ-MHI3PDQCPQJNQIQ&L2HMDQIFNCN
B6.%A KPLMCKPQKM35PQ9B8)/:
7
\YUZXZWV
NX\TXZRZ
\
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
N[Y[W]
]
R]
K\
WZ
\MKZLO\
WUX]Y\
OVSWVM
\
\WST]
XZ
J
Y[WU
!GU[
QZ
/XHSV
\
R[TZO[
V
W\
UV
]
I\QV
V
S[
J
Q[Q
WZ
R]Y]W
Y]O]M\" T]B]O[
K\
!LLL" VTZWU\
Y]X[RYV
Y[GFV#
QZ+U\YV
NX\SO]RYV
ZOZJ
L]YUYV
W]G\TZYV
[R
P]UZX\Q]O]
S[Q\
WZ
Y]Q
J
HZG
CZ
VN[UXZKB]T]QV
\
R]
\D
P[LV
W]G\U\
O[S]OY\
SX[Q]H\
!LLL" S[Q]
CZ
[RX]
E]T]U\
Y]
J
GV
Y]I\[Y]OY[WU
WTZ
Y]W
N[TZM]U\
V
Y]I\[
J
Y]OY[
QZR\YWUT[
\
N[P[C\
V
WUT]X]FV
Y]I\J
QZ
/XI\
S[Q\
WV
Y]I\Q]
M]
WZKZ
\WU[TXZPZY[
\
RZ[
:TX[NZ
\
RZ[
?M\
QZ
WO]TBZY\
MK[L
]GU[
QZ
RXE]T\
N[UXZK]Y
LXK
\
GU] WT[
Q\D
TZO\S\D
NXZR]S]
WT]S]S[
P[X]QV
K\
LXK
UXZK]O[
R]
\MX]M\5
\P]
U\
Y]I\[Y]OYV
Y[GFV
Y]I\[Y]OY[
8]
O\
LXK
UXZK]
WP]UX]U\
ZOZPZYU[P [KX]M[T]FZ
Y]I\[Y]OYV
SVD\FV
!LLL"L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYU\UZU]
\O\
N]S
\RZYJ Politis
WUX
0(
U\UZU]
RXE]TZ5
2[SVG]Q
R]
X]MVPZG
M]GU[
N\W]I
EZ
O\
R]
VTZX\
BVRZ
S]S[
QZ
YZ
J
1EAQ44AQ,-0*+#0/+/%*0&0/#QLI@IK= [ND[RY[
\P]U\
Y]X[RYV
Y[GFV
8]
O\
WZ
JHPQLP<>ENCKO;PQJPQEOHM@QHLP+P WO]EZG
W
FZL[T\P
UTXRF]P]5
8]
O\
V
PLMEPQI 9B8**=B6B): UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
N[WU[Q\
Y]X[RY]
Y[GF]5
1EAQ4/AQ1L?JHPQJN+PKHPQI
GLPCO;OMKPEKMDQKM35OQ9B8*%:
]GU[
QZ
Y]NX]TBZY]
X]MLOZR\I]
W]
O\S[P
SX]B]5
9]S[
QZ
TO]R]X
Y]
F[Q
NX\S]M]Y5
9]ST]
[WZC]F]
\
WU]T[TZ
UXZ
K]
R]
Y]P
NXZYZWZ
U]
X]MLOZRY\I]5
3[R\C
WUX
0
KKE
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
P7NEPQ/ L,PFKOQ?LP<KO;OQIQJPCP35O@QCL,PFP@PQDI>MOJGM2KNQFLM?N
N@+P PGI@ M>PPD
?OK]Y\Q] 0
Y[TZPK]X 8]Y
YZM]T\WY[WU\
*60,
.;4
-]SZR[Y\Q]
WZNUZPK]X 8]Y
YZM]T\WY[WU\
*66,
.[WY]
\
%ZXIZL[T\Y]
P]XU 8]Y
YZM]T\WY[WU\
*660,
.VL]XWS]

P]XU 8]Y
[WO[K[<ZF]
*,
/XHS] 0'
P]XU 8]Y
YZM]T\WY[WU\
*0,
9\N]X
[SU[K]X 8]Y
YZM]T\WY[WU\
*6&,
;VPVY\Q]
RZIZPK]X 8]Y
VQZR\FZF]
*6,
AXK\Q]
'
+ZKXV]X 8]Y
RXE]TY[WU\
*(,
)XY]
/[X]
QVO 8]Y
RXE]TY[WU\
*,
AO[TZY\Q]
0'
QVY 8]Y
RXE]TY[WU\
*66,
%XT]UWS]
[SU[K]X 8]Y
YZM]T\WY[WU\
*66,
3VXWS]
06
[SU[K]X 8]Y
XZNVKO\SZ
*60,
www.seeeurope.net; http://eh.wikipedia.org
8XE]TY\
NX]MY\I\
WOVEZ
M]
[KZ
OZ
J
9[Q\
R[L]<]Q\
WZ
[KZOZE]T]QV
V
E]
T]FZ
SBVHY\D
R[L]<]Q]
V
WUT]X]FV MZPB]P]
QVL[\WU[HYZ
:TX[NZ5
9[Q\
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
3[S[P
\WU[X\QZ
QZRYZ WZ
Q[G
\WU[X\QWS\
R]UVP\
[KZOZE]T]QV
V
RXE]TZ
]
W
[KM\X[P
Y]
NX[PZFZYZ
N[O\J UT[Q[Q
MZPB\5
U\HSZ
[S[OY[WU\
P[LV
WZ
NX[PZY\U\
\
NX]M
J
Y\
I\
]O\
\P]
\
RXE]T]
S][
GU[
QZ
XZI\P[
?OK]Y\Q]
S[QZ
SX[M
H\U]TV
WT[QV
\WU[X\QV "L>PKO<IDGNQOJGLP,OFP5N
WO]
TZ
\WUZ
NX]MY\SZ
8[K]X
NX\PZX
RXE]TZ
A]MY]Q
YZGU[
T\GZ
[
RXE]TY\P
NX]M
Y\
J
S[Q]
QZ
PZF]O]
WT[QZ
NX]MY\SZ
QZWUZ
;VPV
Y\
J
Q]
S[Q]
QZ
V
RXVL[Q
N[O[T\Y\
XIX TZS]
\
NXT[Q
I\P]
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
\
[
U[PZ
S]S[
BVR\
N[
O[
T\Y\
%%
TZS]
S][
WT[QZ
Y]QT]EY\QZ X]MVPZQV
\
N]PUZ
UZ
R]UVPZ
3[
P[EZ
K\
J
RXE]T
YZ
NX]MY\SZ
[KZOZE]T]O]
0(
Q]YV]X U\
M]Y\PB\T[
;]ML[T]X]Q
[
U[PZ
W]
HO]
J
R]Y
VQZ
R\FZF]
1O]GSZ
\
-[OR]T\QZ
'6 Y[T\P]
N[X[R\IZ
\O\
N[MY]Y\I\P]
S[QZ
L[R\YZ
\

P]Q
S[Q\
QZ
\P][
UX[WUXVSV
W\PJ [R]KZXZG
R]
U\
N[P[LYV
V
\WUX]E\T]FV
K[O\SV#
U[L
R]Y]
QZ
SXVY\W]Y
9]X[O
I [R 2\U]Q
\D
GU]
MY]QV
[
MY]H]QV
RXE]TY\D
%[ZY
I[OZXY]
M]
SYZM]
;VPVY\QZ
*&&,
M]
J NX]MY\S]
R]
O\
WV
YZS]R]
X]Y\QZ
WO]T\
J
U\P
NX[LO]GZY]
QZ
YZM]T\WY[WU
*,
\
SX]
J O\
YZGU[
RXVL[
S]S[
WV
WZ
RXE]TY\
BZT\Y]
*,
]
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
NX]MY\SZ
WV NX]MY\I\
[KZOZE]T]O\
R[S
WV
[Y\
K\O\
NX[LO]GZY\
\
X[<ZYR]Y\
SX]B]
\
SX]B\IZ
PO]R\
\
S]S[
WV
NX[T[R\O\
TXZPZ
U[S[P
]
TXZPZ
S[PVY\WU\HS[L
XZE\P]
LO]TY\
Y]
J
I\
[Y]OY\
NX]MY\S
QZ
K\[
0
]TLVWU
*6((,
NX]MY\S]
S]R]
QZ
;VPVY\Q]
NXZS\YVO]
W]TZMY\GUT[
W] 2[SVG]Q
\
R]
W]MY]G
S[O\S[
WV
K\O\
A\O]P]
@W[T\YZ
\
NX\SBVH\O]
WZ
A]
TZ
M
Y\
J T]EY\
TZXWS\
\
UX]R\I\[Y]OY\
NX]MY\J
I\
P]
]
[WU]O\
NX]MY\I\
WV
K\O\
[R
PZ
<V
J I\
V
M]QZRY\I\
V
S[Q[Q
E\T\G
Y]X[RY[L
MY]H]Q]#
2XT\
P]Q
\
AZRP\
Y[TZPJ
K]X
2[WOZ
N]R]
S[PVY\WU\HS[L
XZE\P]
M]
RXE]TY\
NX]M
Y\S
QZ
\M]KX]Y

Y[TZPK]X
*6,
QZX
QZ
U[L
R]Y]
VQZR\F]T]FZP
3X]YW\OT]Y\QZ
W]
9X]BZT\Y[P
;VPVY\Q[P
Y]WU]O]
1ZO\S]
;VPVY\Q]
KKK
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
III>AQP;OMKPEKPQ@OGMEM>ODP
1EAQ4)AQ1EOHMFKMQ?LNCJGPF+P5NQKP;ODN
AQ",,%-0/)!0*('0/#QEOGM>LPODPQ&NML>OQPK2MFPQ9B806:
9]S[
QZ
.VL]XWS]
[TRZ
NXZRWU]TBZY]5
8]
O\
WZ
\
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
P[LV
Y]C\
WO\HYZ
WO\SZ5
KKB
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
$AQLPK;IJHNQLP<>ENCKO;NQKPQHMDO@PQJIQ?LNCJGPF+NKNQ1L7ODPQOQLKPQ&MLP
9][
?OZSW]YR]X
1ZO\S\
?Y]O\M\X]Q
Y]
S[Q\
WV
Y]H\Y
NXZRJ @WU]T\[
QZ
WT[QZ
K]OS]YWS[
I]XWUT[
WU]TBZYZ
[TZ
MZPBZ
\
F\D[T]
Y]
I\
J AT\P
WO[TZYWS\P
KX<]Y\P]
[
Y]OY]
[KZOZEQ]
@KX]U\
N]EFV
Y]
U[ !LLL"
GU[
WV
NXZRWU]TBZYZ
EZYWS\P
O\S[T\J -[X]P[
T[OZU\
[U]K\YV
P] >
H\Y\U\
WTZ
R]
QZ
R[K\QZP[
4ZX
U[
QZ
Y]GZ
WU]X[
P]SZR[YWS[
I]XWUT[
%]QRZP[
WT\
M]QZRY[
III=B%AQ JGMLODJHOQ HMLNKOQ @PHNCMKJHN 7H\Y\P[
WTZ
R]
WZKZ
WN]WZP[
!LLL"
KP;ODNQ#QMLOQ-IENFJHO(Q0/0'.%,-. >
Y]GV
NX]T[WO]TYV
P]SZR[YWSV
KX]CV
9B806: .VR\P[
S][
QZR]Y
\
K[X\P[
WZ
DX]KX[
9][
Y]G\
NXZI\
VM
I]X]
?OZSW]YRX]
KL*KCH?IG7H =ZS]
Y]GZ
NZWPZ
HVT]QV
VWN[PZYV
Y]
Y]W
=]G]
[U]K\Y]
-]SZR[YI\P]
RX]L] =ZS]
\WU[X\Q]
[E\T\
.\O]
QZ
SX]BZT\Y]
SX]B]
\O\N] ?
P\
CZP[
[WUT]X\U\
[Y[
GU[
Y]P
QZ
[WU]T\J
>
RXZTY[
I]XWUT[
?OZSW]YRX]
I]X] O]
V
]P]YZU
=]G
P]SZR[YWS\
I]X
V
IZO[P
WTZUV
N[MY]U
ZNZ
WV
VWN[PZYZ
Y]
Y]GZ
WU]XZ
P]SZJ
KK;
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
R[YWSZ
NXZUSZ
AT[Q\P
RZO\P]
P\
P[X]P[
N[WTZU\U\ 9[QZ
TXZRY[WU\
\
WU]T[TZ
NXZY[WZ
F\D[TZ
S[WU\ [T]
WO\S]
\
NX[NX]UY\
UZSWU5
9]S[
>
NXZUT[X\U\
\D
V
MO]UYZ
TZYIZ QZ
Z[Y\R]
NXZRWU]TBZY
V
[RY[WV
Y]
=ZS]
WZ
M]T\Q[X\
WU]X\
P]SZR[YWS\
K]XQ]S RXVLZ
+\LVXZ
W]
WO\SZ5
9[QZ
[Y
PZWU[
A]
WTZU\P
[X<ZP
Y]
QZRY[Q M]VM\P]
V
NX[WU[XV
WO\SZ5
]GU[5
>
WTZU\P
8\P\UX\QZP
Y]
RXVL[Q
WUX]Y\
2]
CZP[
WZ
K[X\U\
\WN[R
U\D
WTZU\D
MY]S] $AQ-M>O7ODPQPJNQPLP?OP4) ?LO=
!LLL" EOHM@QMJFPDP5PQ7NM>LPCJHNQGFLPFN
2VOZTWS\
WUX
'J'
B8.*AQ#QJEOHPQ KPJGPJPQ MFPKMFOP
[X<\
2VOZTWS\
*J6',
[KQ]T\[ 9B8B0=B866:
YZS[O\S[
S[PN]X]U\TY\D
XZHY\S]
LX]
P]U\S]
P]SZR[YWS[L
QZM\S]
\
NXZRO[L]
NX]T[N\W]
SX]US\D
\WU[X\Q]
LZYZ]O[L\Q]
\
MK\XS\
Y]X[RY\D
NZW]P]
.\[
QZ
U\N\HY\
X[P]YU\H]X
EZOZ[
QZ
R]
N[P[LYZ
WUT]X]FV
P]SZR[YWSZ
Y]I\QZ
N[TZMVQVC\
"MO]UY[
R[K]!
RXZTYZ
-]SZR[Y\QZ
W]
R]Y]GF\P
-]SZ
R[Y
J
I\
P]
S[Q\
L[T[XZ
WO[TZYWS\P
QZM\S[P
>]S[
Y\QZ
K\[
NZWY\S
[KQ]T\[
QZ
*KCH?IGECAL:HE2
@KFJ7A V
A[+\Q\
6
L[R\YZ
U]
P\WO\G
[
I\BZT\P]
\
N[XVI\
[TZ
NZWPZ5
U]
QZ
NZWY\S
DUZ[
R]
Y]P
W][NGU\5
]GU[
QZ
[ROVH\[
R]
N\GZ
V
WU\D[T\P]5 =]X[RY\
PVMZQ
.Z[LX]R
9]ST]
QZ
VO[L]
[TZ
WO\SZ5
9]ST]
1EAQ4%AQNLMDOQOJGMLODNQHPMQJPFLN@NKO [WZC]F]
\
WU]T[TZ
UXZK]
R]
Y]P
I<MLO
NXZYZWZ
[T]
WO\S]5
AQ
NMKOCP(QHLP+QIQCLNFKMDQ1?PLGO(
?MLI2IDNQ-NLJODPK;O@PQCPQJNQKNNQ?LN= III=B*AQ 1NP5NQ CLQ !O<NQ ILPQ MQ IGO;PDI

Q9MOGNQOQJP@O
CPGOQ KPLMCKO'Q?LO2PQMQDIKP;O@P
I<@OGN:(QJEOHPQO<Q>L2HM>QI7NKOHP
9B6.B: $\U][
W]P
\D
W]
M]R[T[BWUT[P
\
VMKV
<Z
J
FZP
U[
W]P
T\GZ
H\U][
U[
W]P
T\GZ
EZ
J
OZ[
R]
\
W]P
KVRZP
DZX[Q
A]R]
P\
QZ
UZS
Q]W
J
Y[
R]
WV
UZ
SF\LZ
L[T[X\OZ
[
RXZTY\P
DZ
J
X[QWUT\P]
3VX]S]
UZU]
GU[
U[
R]Y]W
T\
J
GZ
YZP]
Y\S]STV
TXZRY[WU
2[UXZKY[
QZ
N[
J
Y[T[
N\W]U\
[
U[PZ
\
NXZRWU]T\U\
Y]
P[
J
RZXY\Q\
Y]H\Y
!LLL" 9[O\S[
WV
T]EYZ
UZ
SF\
J
LZ5
2[UNVY[
W]P
VTZXZY
R]
6
[RWU[
[KX]
J
M[T]F]
S[QZ
WV
3VXI\
WU\I]O\
V
U[SV
RZU\FJ
~+WUX
0 WUT]
\
S[QZ
\D
QZ
N[RWU]SO[
R]
\
W]
P\
0(
1]W]
$]X]N\C
QZ
QZR]Y
[R
T[<]
2XT[L
WXNWS[L
VWU]YS]
*(J,
KK>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
N[WU]YV
DZX[Q\
\
[WT[QZ
U[O\S[
PY[
L[
R[O]M\
VNX]T[
\M
U]ST\D
SF\L]
@YZ
NX\
J U]
P\WO\G
[
VO[M\
SF\EZTY[WU\
V
N[TZR]QV
[
DZX[QWUT\P]
3VX]S]
[R
S]R]
WV Q]H]FV
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYU\UZU]5
8]
NX\P\O\
\WO]P
3XZK]
U[
P]O[
NX\O]
L[
R\
U\ O\
W\
H\U][
SF\EZTY]
RZO]
S[Q]
WV
\
N[Y[T[
Y]N\W]U\
QZX
P[EZ
R]
KVRZ
TXO[ [KO\S[T]O]
\RZQV
UT[L
Y]I\[Y]O[L
\RZYJ
S[X\WY[
M]
Y]I\[Y]OY[
[KX]M[T]FZ U\UZU]5
Nur
WUX
6J6
1EAQ4*AQ1O@7MEO2HMQ?LNCJGPF+P5N $AQ#.%+.-0/)!0*('0//JEOHP
?MEOGO2HO'QCM>PPDP OHMEPDPQ-PFEMFO2PQ9B88%:
AQ*-,!,*('+/)($0-0' #QJEOHPQILN
PH3OPQ9B8/4=B808:
AO\S]
NXZRWU]TB]
UXZYVU]S
VQZR\J
FZF]
.VL]XWSZ
\
;VPZO\QZ
'
L[R\YZ
.VL]XWS]
WZ
P]QH\YWS\
[RY[W\
NXZP]
Y[T[Q
MZPB\
7
N[M]R\Y\
[W[K]
S[Q]
NO]
HZ
UXZK]
R]
WVLZX\GZ
S]S[
WV
\
RXVLZ
MZPBZ
EZOZOZ
R]
WZ
NX\SBVHZ
.VL]XWS[Q
]O\
Y\WV
P[LOZ
=]X[RY\
PVMZQ
.Z[LX]R
@N\G\
WO\SV
2[LOZR]Q
[RZCV
U]
P[EZG
[
U[PZ
R]
S]EZG5
2[WU]T\
RT]
N\U]F]
V
TZM\
W]
[T[P 9[QZ
WV
WO\HY[WU\
]
S[QZ
X]MO\SZ
\MPZ
J
WO\S[P
7N[XZR\
WT[Q]
N\U]F]
W] <V
[TZ
WO\SZ
\
"AO[K[RYZ
.VL]XWSZ!5
N\U]F\P]
RXVL\D
VHZY\S] 9]ST]
QZ
VO[L]
WO\S]
W]
UZP]U\S[P
\M
\WU[X\QZ5
KK7
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
III=B0AQ!I@IKJHOQ<PHMKQMQM2IFP5I @RXZRKZ
[T[L
M]S[Y]
YZ
\WSBVHVQV
N[X[J
IJ?M@NKNQKPQKPLMCKIQ'NLMOKI R\HYV
NZYM\QV
S[Q]
WZ
R]QZ
S][
N[P[C
N[
X[
J
HPGNLOKIQNMCMLMODIQ9B64B: R\
I\
NXZP\YVO[L
KX]U]
%ZX[\YZ
!LLL"
">KGL 3L
2[R
Y]RM[X[P
2XZRWZRY\GUT]
]S[Y
[
WN[PZY\SV
X[RY[Q
SVC\
\
EZYWS[P 1ZC]
1ZCZ
P\Y\WU]X]
CZ
P\Y\WU]XWUT\P]
\YWU\UVUV
":S]U]X\Y]
3Z[R[X[\QV! X]WN[RZO\U\
Y[T]I
NX\SVNBZY
M]
WN[
PZ
J
">KGL (3
]
[HVT]FZ
VWN[PZYZ
Y]
WTZUV Y\S
SVCV
\
GS[OV
RZT\IV
DZX[\YV
:S]UZX\YV
3Z[R[X[\QV
S[Q] "Monitorul !
WUX
0
QZ
DX]KX[
N[L\YVO]
M]
WT[QV
[U]K\YV
V
LX]RV
3]XLVJ4\VV
K\CZ
N[R\LYVU
WN[PZY\S
S][
RZ[
S[PZP[X]U\TY[L
IZYUX]
V
WO]TV
:S]UZX\Y]
3Z[R[X[\QV
*NX]T[
\PZ
"N[KZRZ
Y]
4\VV!
Y]
S[QZP
CZ
K\U\
VN\W]Y] 3[RZX[\QV
6(J6,
CZXS]
WZB]S]
\PZY]
WT\D
[+\I\X]
S[Q\
WV
N]O\
V
N[KZ
R[
J X]R\O]
S][
PZR\I\YWS]
WZWUX]
6&
L[R\YZ
Y[WY[Q
K\I\
V
R[O\Y\
XZSZ
4\V
]
Y]
NXT[P =ZPI\
WV
QZ
M]X[K\O\
V
K\I\
S[R
2[RVO
4\V]
PZWUV
CZ
K\U\
\PZ
8ZT\IZ
N[UN[XVHY\S] ]O\
QZ
N[KZLO]
\
Y]WU]T\O]
R]
WZ
K[X\
V
>MLX]RF]
[RXE]T]FZ
\
Y]RM[X
Y]R
WN[
PZ
J 1]OZ]
4\V\
9]R]
QZ
[R
ZSWNO[M\QZ
LX]Y]UZ
Y\
S[P
QZ
V
Y]ROZEY[WU\
"8XVGUT]
M]
LX[
K[
J X]FZY]
V
[KZ
Y[LZ
[R
SX]B]
ZXR\Y]YR]
I
TZ
DZX[Q]
N]O\D
V
X]UV!
]
N[R
Y]ROZE
Y[G
J *6(J60,
QZ
R[K\O]
[XRZY
Virtutea militara
CV
-\Y\WU]XWUT]
X]U] I=GJ8CKL BF>JGK \
H\Y
N[UN[XVHY\S]
-\Y\WU]XWUT[
CZ
NVUZP
Q]TY[L
S[YSVXW] 2[Y[T[
QZ
X]R\O]
V
K[OY\I\
V
4]G\QV
R]
K\
WZ
N[WOZ
[NZU
TX]U\O]
V
K[XKZYV
QZR\Y\IV
\
[R]KX]U\
[RL[T]X]QVC\
NX[QZS]U
M]
\MLX]RJ
T[R\O]
K]U]B[Y
V
K[XK\
S[R
-]X]GZGU\Q]
FV
WN[PZY\S] LRZ
QZ
V
Y[C\
\MPZ<V
00
\
0
]TLVWU]
6
">KGL3L
2[WPXUY\
[WU]I\
8ZT\IZ
CZ
K\U\ L[R\YZ
\
N[L\YVO]
NXZYZU\
\M
-VYIZOVO]
\
W]DX]FZY\
V
N[R
J
Y[EQV
WN[PZY\S]
2[PZY
CZ
WZ
[RXE]T]U\
WT]
SZ
L[R\YZ
Y]
R]Y]
S]R]
QZ
R[YZWZY
WNZI\
Q]OY\
M]S[Y
[
HVT]FV
VWN[PZYZ
Y]
DZX[QZ
@W\P
U[L]
K[L[WOVEZFZ
M]
VN[S[QZYZ
\
U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
WZ
WP]UX]O[
T]E
Y\P
R]
WZ
N[R\LYZ
WN[PZY\S
O\U\Q]
K\CZ
[RXE]T]Y\
V
1]RZY\
*/[XQ, :S]UZX\Y\
3Z[R[X[\QV5
9]S]T
QZ
[Y]
X[RY[P
PZWUV
%ZX[\YZ
Y]
R]Y
N[KZRZ
S[R W\PK[O5
9]ST]
WZ
[WZC]F]
NXZY[WZ
SX[M
XZSZ
4\V
\
WTZ
GS[OZ
V
MZPB\
CZ
U]R] WZC]FZ
Y]
FV
\
S[PZ
WZ
[Y]
NXZY[WZ5
VNX\
O\H\U\
NXZR]T]F]
Y]
UV
UZPV
U]
P\WO\G
R]
O\
QZ
TZO\H]FZ
DZX[Q]
">KGL3L
9VC]
V
WZOV
1]RZY\
[KO]WU
/[XQ VWPZXZY[
Y]
WZC]FZ
W]P[
X]R\
F\D
V
S[Q[Q
QZ
8ZT\I]
X[<ZY]
K\CZ
[KY[TBZY]
\ W]P\D
\O\
QZ
LO]TY\
I\B
V
W+ZX\
[KX]J
UX]QY[
W]HVT]Y]
S][
\
RT[X\GUZ
\
[K[QZ
CZ M[T]F]
\O\
H]S
N[O\U\SZ5
=]KX[Q
UX\
K\U\
NX[LO]GZY[
M]
PZWU[
[R
\WU[X\QWS[L O\HY[WU\
S[QZ
WV
Y]Q\WU]SYVU\Q\
Y]I\[
J
MY]H]Q] Y]OY\
W\PK[O\
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\
9[O\S[
QZ
!LLL" 4ZRY]
SVC]
CZ
K\U\
W]LX]<ZY]
M]
N[X[
J [R
F\D
PVGS]X]I]
]
S[O\S[
EZY]
\
R\
IV
%ZX[\YZ
V
\WU[P
PZWUV
S[Q]
CZ
Y] RZIZ5
2[
S[Q\P
RZO\P]
WV
[Y\
N[WU]O\
N[SO[Y
R[K\U\
GZWU
]X\
MZPBZ
WU[SV
\ WO]TY\5
[XV<Z
YZ[ND[RY[
M]
[RXE]T]FZ
WSX[PY[L
WZ[WS[L
R[P]C\YWUT]
KK
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
1EAQ40AQ!I@IKJHOQ?EPHPGQ?MFMCM@Q0.
>MCOKPQMCQMJKOFP5PQ@MCNLKNQCL,PFN =]
NO]S]UV
QZ
NX\S]M]Y]
P]N]
1ZO\SZ
9B646: ;VPVY\QZ
]
N[
F[Q
WV
X]GUXS]YZ
WO\
J
SZ
\WU]SYVU\D
\WU[X\QWS\D
O\HY[WU\
\
N[O\J
U\HS\D
T[<]
7
IZYUXV
QZ
WO\S]
PO]R[L
SX]
J
B]
-\D]\O]
I
8XVLZ
O\HY[WU\
WV
TZM]YZ
\O\
M]
\RZQV
XVPVYWS[L
VQZR\FZF]
*-\D]\O
%X]KX\
TO]GS\
SYZM
'6J&
S[Q\
QZ
Y]
SX]U
S[
TXZPZ
VQZR\Y\[
1O]GSV
-[OR]T\QV
\
3X]YW\OT]Y\QV
?OZSW]YR]X
4[]Y
9VM]
\M]
J
KX]Y
M]
SYZM]
-[OR]T\QZ
\
1O]GSZ
'6
-\D]\O
9[L]OY\HZ]YV
NXZP\QZX
M]
TXZPZ
TO]
R]T\YZ
9VMZ,
\O\
N]S
\RZQV
P[Y]XD\QZ
*SX]BZT\
9]X[O
I \
ZXR\Y]YR
I,
A]
WUX]YZ
WZ
T\RZ
O\S[T\
X\PWS[L
I]X]
3X]Q]Y]
\
R]
J
H]Y
WS[L
SX]B]
8ZHZK]O]
W\PK[O]
NOZPZY\J
U[L
N[XZSO]
;VPVY]
8]UVP
[RGU]PN]Y
Y]
TXDV
NO]S]U]

P]Q
V
U[
TXZPZ
QZ
K\[
Y]
I\
J
[
Y]OY\
NX]MY\S
V
;VPVY\Q\
M]U[
GU[
QZ
Y]
U]Q
R]Y
9]X[O
I NX[LO]GZY
M]
SYZM]
;VPVY\QZ
*&&,
]
M]U\P
Y]
U]Q
R]Y
QZ
NX[LO]GZY]
YZ
J
M]
T\WY[WU
;VPVY\QZ
*,
\
NX[LO]GZY[
;VPVYWS[
9X]BZTWUT[
*,
Y]G
O\
M]
YZSZ
WO\HYZ
NO]S]UZ
V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\5
8]
O\
MY]G
M]
YZSZ
WO\HYZ
TXWUZ
NX[N]L]YRY\D
NO]S]U]5
7N[XZR\
[T]Q
NO]S]U
W]
WO\S[P
&
9]ST]
QZ
WTXD]
U]ST\D
P]UZX\Q]O]5
1EAQ48AQLFPGJHPQ?M3GPKJHPQ@PLHPQJP 2[WOZ
VWNZGYZ
S]X\QZXZ
8X]EZY
EOHM@QJEPFKM>QHM3PLHP3PQLP,NKP 2ZUX[T\C
QZ
UX]L\HY[
\MLVK\[
E\
J
-NGLMFOPQ9B66): T[U
V
]VU[P[K\OWS[Q
YZWXZC\
66
L[R\YZ
@Y
QZ
K\[
TZX[T]UY[
QZR\Y\
%XT]U
S[Q\
QZ
QZRY[LO]WY[
NX\DT]CZY
S][
Y]I\[Y]OY\
DZX[Q
P[RZXY[L
R[K]
]GU[
WZ
WN[XUWSZ
MTZMRZ
N[YZS]R
WP]UX]QV
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
DZX[Q\P]5
9]STV
TXWUV
DZX[\MP]
[Y\
NXZRWU]TB]J
QV5
9]S]T
QZ
[RY[W
U[L
DZX[\MP]
\
DZX[J
\MP]
V
X]UV
\
N[SXZUV
[UN[X]5
]GU[
QZ
O\S
8X]EZY]
2ZUX[T\C]
Y]
N[GU]YWS[Q
P]XS\5
KK6
=?)>@=?=:
>8:@@/>4:
III=B8AQ 1PFLN@NKOQ OJGMLO2PLQ MQ OJGMLODO ('6

L[R\YZ
S]R]
WV
N]N]
2\S[O[P\Y\
II \
PE7PKJHM>Q>L7PQ94...: 9[YLXZW
\M
-]YU[TZ
NX\MY]O\
W\PK[OZ
ASZYRZXKZL]
=]I\[Y]OY\
LXK#
RT[LO]T\
IXY\
[X][
X]
J Gjin Varfri, WUX 19
G\XZY\D
SX\O]
Y]
IXTZY[P
GU\UV
=]
NX]T
J
BZY
QZ
Y]
[WY[TV
DZX]OR\HS[L
W\PK[O]
Y]
J
I\[Y]OY[L
DZX[Q]
ZX<]
9]WUX\[U]
ASZY
J ]GU[
\WU[X\H]X
UTXR\
R]
QZ
LXK
RZX
KZL]
*('J(&,
2XT\
NVU
WZ
S][
DZ
J FZL[TZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
WU]X
\
X]O
R\HS\
W\PK[O
N[Q]T\[
Y]
ASZYRZX
KZ
L[
J WO]T]Y5
]GU[
QZ
U[
R]Y]W
MY]H]QY[5
T[P
NZH]UV
=]
NZH]UV
QZ
RT[LO]T\
[X][
X]
J U]
U\
P\WO\G
[
VO[M\
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
G\
XZY\D
SX\O]
\
GZWU[SX]S]
MTZMR]
@U\
J W\PK[O]5
W]S
NZH]U]
QZ
NX[Y]<ZY
Y]
R[SVPZYU\P]
\M
KK1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
!"Q-"&

1IHM7QKP;OMKPEOJGO2HO'QOCNMEM>ODP
AU]X]
PZU]+[X]
NXZRWU]TB]
.]OS]Y
S][
ZTX[NWS[
"KVXZ
K]XVU]!
\
WVLZX\GZ
Y]P
R]
U]Q
XZ
J
L\[Y
H\Y\
WSVN\Y]
W\UY\D
\
LX]PM\T\D
RXE]T]
3]
NXZRWU]T]
QZ
Y]WU]O]
SX]QZP
%I%
\
N[
HZU
J
S[P
%%
TZS]
]
FZYV
NX\PZXZY[WU
WV
"R[S]M]O\!
K]OS]YWS\
X]U[T\
\
]UZYU]U
V
A]X]QZTV
6(
L[R\YZ
=]X]TY[
[Y]
QZ
V
TZO\S[Q
PZX\
N[LXZGY]
2XT\
WTZUWS\
X]U
QZWUZ
N[HZ[
WV
S[
J
K[P
?VWUX[VL]XWSZ
\
AXK\QZ
]O\
Y\WV
BVR\
W
[T[L
N[RXVHQ]
[RL[T[XY\
M]
U[
GU[
WZ
U]Q
WVS[K
NXZUT[X\[
V
P]W]SX
LO[K]OY\D
X]MPZX]
@W\P
U[L]
MO[H\Y\
N[H\FZY\
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
Y]O]MZ
WZ
TZ[P]
Y\WS[
Y]
OZWUT\I\
VE]W]
V
%%
TZSV
>N]S
U[
YZ
MY]H\
R]
N[QZR\Y\
[KO\I\
Y]I\[Y]O\MP]
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
Y\WV
[RL[T[XY\
M]
U[
GU[
WV
R[TZO\
R[
KZWP\WOZY\D
WVS[K]
\
WUX]T\HY\D
MO[H\Y]
7
[T[P
Y]WU]TY[P
P]UZX\Q]OV
YZ
EZO\P[
R]
NXVE\P[
\OVWUX]I\QV
VE]W]
S[Q\
WV
NX[
\M]
J
G
O\
\M
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
WVS[K]
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
-\
WP[
M]NX]T[
N[SVG]O\
R]
U[
\MKZLJ
YZP[
\
N]EFV
WP[
VWPZX\O\
Y]
]XLVPZYUZ
\
\RZ[O[L\QZ
S[Q\
Y]
NXT\
N[LOZR
P[LV
RZO[T]U\
OZL\U\PY[
]O\
S[Q\
WV
\N]S
Y]TZO\
BVRZ
Y]
Y]W\OY[
N[WUVN]FZ
1ZXVQZP[
R]
CZ
SX\U\HS\
NX\WUVN
[T\P
\WU[X\QWS\P
WTZR[H]YWUT\P]
N[P[C\
PO]R\P
BVR\P]
R]
N[WU]YV
MXZO\
\
[RL[T[XY\
LX]<]Y\
7
[T[P
N[LO]TBV
Y]G
I\B
QZ
K\[
R]
N[S]EZP[
R]
Y]I\[Y]OY\
WVS[K\
YZ
UX]QV
TZHY[
7
WUT]
X\
\WU[X\QWS[
\WSVWUT[
QVL[\WU[HYZ
:TX[NZ
N]
\
RXVL\D
ZTX[NWS\D
XZL\[Y]
Q]WY[
N[S]MVQZ
R]
WT]S\
WVS[K
NXZ
\O\
S]WY\QZ
P[X]
\
R]
WZ
M]TXG\
R]
CZ
PXEFV
M]PZY\U\
YZS\
N[M\U\TY\Q\
WU]T
R]
QZ
K[B\
\
W\LVXY\Q\
WTZU
M]\WU]
P[LVC
\
R]
[Y
VNX]T[
Y]WU]QZ
AUT]
X]
J
FZ
:TX[NWSZ
VY\QZ
\
[RY[W\
\MPZ<V
X]YIVWSZ
\
=ZP]HSZ
U[S[P
N[WOZRF\D
NZU
RZIZY\Q]
NXZR
WU]TB]QV
[DX]KXVQVCZ
NX\PZXZ
3]S]T
X]MT[Q
R[L]<]Q]
PZ<VU\P
YZ
VS]MVQZ
Y]
U[
R]
CZ
Y]I\[Y]OY]
RXE]T]
N[WU]U\
YZT]EY]
\O\
R]
CZ
QZ
YZWU]U\
7NXS[W
[HZS\T]F\P]
R]
CZ
Y]I\[Y]OY]
RXE]T]
N[WUZNZY[
[RVPXZU\
W]R]
QZ
[H\LOZRY[
R]
CZ
[Y]
RVEZ
TXZPZ
K\U\
LO]TY\
H\Y\O]I
\
ZTX[NWSZ
\
WTZUWSZ
N[O\U\SZ
]
R]Y]GFZ
LZYZX]I\QZ
\
R]BZ
QZ
T]EY[
N[\WU[TZC\T]FZ
W
TO]WU\U[P
Y]I\Q[P
]
NX[PZYZ
SX[M
S[QZ
NX[O]MZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
\
UZ
S]S[
VU\HV
Y]
Y]G
E\T[U
]U[
P[X]P[
T[R\U\
X]HVY]
[
U[PZ
R]
Y]GZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
KVRV
R[K]X
[ST\X
M]
\MLX]RFV
M]QZRY\HSZ
KVRVCY[WU\
IVPAQCNMEM>ODNQHMDNQJIQCM?LOKNENQO<P<OFP5IQJIHM7P
IV=BAQ P;OMKPEKNQ ?LNCLPJICNQ ?LN@P QZ

H\U]O]
-]UZW[Y[TV
$HF;FAJG
?
Q]
M]WJ
N@;O@PQIQLFPGJHMDQ9B8**: N]D
>
U]
NO]TVG]YS]
QZ
VMR\W]O]
N[
N[
O]
W]U]
RYZTY[
\
U]S[
WZR]P
R]Y]

]
[WP[L
=\S]R
YZ
K\D
T[O\[
NO]TV
ZP\IV
4ZR
Y[P R]Y]
QZ
T\GZ
Y\QZ
K\O[
4]
T[O\P
DXT]U
WSZ
MO[P
WVRK\Y[P
WXZ[
W]P
QZRY[L
U]ST[L <]T[O\IZ
W]
S[Q\P]
WZ
H[TQZS
P[
X]
K[X\U\
FZP]HS[L
]Y<ZO]
TZHY[L
P\X]
2[UTXR\O\ T\GZ
Y[
W
FZP]HS\P
VQM]P]
S[
QZ
WV
PO]SZ
WP[
VM]Q]PYV
BVK]T
\
[YR]
QZ
U]
FZP]HS] S][
S]STZ
WO]K[
WNX]TBZYZ
O\PVY]RZ
RQZ
T[QS]
N[HZO]
R]
P\
WT\X]
Les cloches du
monastere
]
Q]
N[HZD
R]
M\QZT]P
?
[YR]
P\ [enoa
WUX
&(
KK<
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?
U]
N\W]I
P\WO\
[
PO]R\P
=Z
P\
I]
J U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
QZ
SX]B
NXZS\
J
YV[
W]L[T[XY\S]5
U]
QZ
N\W]I
P]5
8]
O\
QZ
V
NX]TV5
Y]G
O\
M]
Q[G
YZSZ
[T]STZ
NXZRX]WVRZ5
@
S[PZ
WZ EZOZ[
R]
[KQ]WY\
SX]BV5
NX\H]
Y]QT\GZ
T\IZT]
V
UT[P
[SXVEZFV5
U]
P\WO\G
S]STV
VO[LV
\LX]QV
WUZ
XZ[
J
U\
N\
\
NXZRX]WVRZ5
>P]QV
O\
[Y\
YZSV IV=)QJGMLO2PLQ ENHJPKCLIQAQJNKM?ME
WUT]XYV
[WY[TV5 MQ LI@IKJHM@Q KP;OMKPEKM@Q ?LMJGMLI
9B888:
IV=4AQ P3GMQ DNQ CLQ !O<PQ ILQ MC7OMQ CPQ JN 7

N[XZ<ZFV
W]
RXVL\P
X[P]YWS\P
Y]I\Q]P]
M,NKOQJGLPKHO5M@Q9B6B.: S[QZ
H\YZ
M]N]RYV
:TX[NV
M]WZKY\P
S[YU\J
YZYU[P
Y]QTZC]
YZN[T[BY[WU
LZ[LX]+WS[L
.\O\
WP[
WSVNGU\YWS\
N[WO]Y\I\
7
U[
TXZ
J N[O[E]Q]
Y]W
\WU[HY\D
]U\Y]
QZWUZ
U[
GU[

PZ
W]P
R[K\Q][
PY[L[
KX]HY\D
N[YVR]
4ZR
J WP[
\MLVKBZY[
[WUXT[
V
[SZ]YV
UV<\YWS\D
Y]
[R
RZT[Q]S]
QZ
K\O]
TXO[
K[L]U]
\
OZ
N] Y]X[R]
1Z[P]
QZ
K\O]
M]\YUZXZW[T]Y]
\
PY[L[
WZ AVRK\Y]
QZ
DUZO]
R]
XVPVYWS\
Y]X[R
E\T\
UXVR\O]
[S[
PZYZ
AXIZ
P\
WZ
N[O]S[
[SXZ
J WZTZXY[
[R
8VY]T]
\
[Y
QZ
W]R]
Y]
TZO\S[Q
U]
O[
F[Q
$OEPQDNQ E7PKHPAQ1P@MQ<7M>QGM>P UZX\U[X\Q\
[R

ST]RX]UY\D
S\O[J
JNQ KOJP@Q 5M@NQ M,NKOMAQ &MQFMQLOMQ JP@ PZU]X]
UZX\U[X\Q\
Y\GU]
P]F[Q
[R
\U]O\J
MLPQ CPQ 7ICNQ ILHO5P/ 8[
W]R]
V
Y]G[Q Q]YWS[L
S[NY]
]
TZC[Q
[R
N[O[T\YZ
X]Y
IV
J
N[X[R\I\
Y\QZ
K\O[
UV<Z
SXT\! W
SZ
M]UT[XZY[Q
UX[VLO[P
[R
UX\
TZO\SZ
Nur
WUX
XZSZ
3Z
XZSZ
WV
8VY]T
Y]
QVLV
8FZWU]X
S][
\WU[HY]
LX]Y\I]
\
TZO\S]
NX\U[S]
8VY]T]
9]S[
[KQ]GF]T]G
WU]T
N\WI]
[T[L
UZS
J XZS]
3\W]
S][
M]N]RY]
=]
L[U[T[
H\U]T[P
WU]5
U]
P\WO\G
[
FZL[T[Q
[ROVI\5 U[P
N[RXVHQV
;VPVY\
E\TZ
V
D[P[LZY\P
M]
J
QZRY\I]P]
WP]UX]QVC\
WT[Q\P]
\
YZSZ
SX]J
IV=/Q NHOQ ?M>ENCOQ KPQ >L2HIQ .!0". QZTZ
W
[YZ
WUX]YZ
LX]Y\IZ
+%.0/ +%.#0/ &."+'./ *'. #Q LP<>MFML Xenopol, I
WUX
(
?LMNJMLPQ OHMEPMJPQ 1PLO?MEMJPQ O

?OZSW]YRXV
8
9WZY[N[O
*(60,
HLP+PQMLPQI 9B800:
QZR]Y
[R
Y]Q\WU]SYVU\Q\D
XVPVYWS\D
!LLL" 2[R
TO]GCV
1]GZ
SXVYZ
1\W[H]YWUT[ Y]VHY\S]
\
DVP]Y\WU]
SX]QZP
%I%
TZS]
@KQ]
J
T\[
PY[GUT[
UZSWU[T]
Y]
X]MO\H\UZ
UZPZ
QZWUZ
RXE]T]
W]
NXZWU[Y\I[P
V
)]X\LX]RV
]O\
N[WU][
N[MY]U
\
NX\MY]U
\
V
;VPVY\Q\
\
S[Q]
TO]R]
9X\U[P
3ZW]O\Q[P
\
:N\X[P
V
H\U]T[Q
:TX[N\
N[
X]R[T\P]
Y]
UZPV
XV
J
3X]S\Q[P
-]SZR[Y\Q[P
)XY\P
P[XZP
WTZ PVY
WSZ
\WU[X\QZ
\
UZ[X\QZ
\WU[X\QZ
9WZ
Y[
J
R[
NXZRZO]
KO\MV
3X]NZMVYU]
-]OZ
?M\QZ N[O
QZ
W]WU]T\[
NXT\
T\GZU[PY\
NXZLOZR
\
ZLZQWS\D
[WUXT]
YZ
\WSBVHVQVC\
\
P[QV \WU[X\QZ
;VPVY\QZ
MZPBV
9\N]X
"2XZT\GZ
WUZ
X]G\X\O\
LX]Y\IZ
/XHSZ!
NXZS\RZ
PZ
SX]B
Politis
WUX
& 9]S[
QZ
V
[T[P
UZSWUV
NXZRWU]TBZY
XVPVYWS\
\RZYU\UZU
\
XVPVYWS\
Y]
I\
J
=\S[O][W
A]X\N[O[W
*, [Y]OY\
NX[WU[X5
U]
P\WO\G
R]
O\
NXZRJ
WUXVHF]S
M]
NX]T[
NX[+ZW[X
VY\TZX
J WU]TB]FZ
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
NX[WU[X]
P[
EZ
M\UZU]
V
?U\Y\
V
*H@IKFJ@K [N\WVQZ
X]MJ \P]U\
\RZ[O[GSZ
\
N[O\U\HSZ
I\BZTZ5
L[T[X
W
SX]BZP
[X<ZP
I *&6,
T[<ZY
Y]G
O\
M]
WOVH]QZTZ
R]
QZ
T\GZ
Y]I\Q]

L[R\YZ
S]R]
QZ
[KQ]WY\[
Y]
S[QZ
WTZ
UZ
J
X\
U[X\QZ
N[
FZL[T[P
P\GBZFV
/XHS] N[O]L]O[
NX]T[
Y]
\WUV
UZX\U[X\QV5
N[O]EZ
NX]T[ =]TZR\
YZS\
NX\PZX
KBE
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
IV=%AQP;OMKPEKNQ?MCNENQIQGILJHM@Q?PL= \O\
Y]PZXY[
\O\
M]U[
GU[
PV
QZ
]PK\I\Q]
EP@NKGIQ9B6.8#B6B): NXZ
S[
[H\QV
Y]K]I\O]
LVWU\
IXY\
TZ[
YZ
J
MY]F]
@Y
Y\QZ
S]R]X
R]
T\R\
S[O\SV
=]N]R]QVC\
Y]W
VY\[Y\WU\
*-O]R[UVXI\,
WV GUZUV
Y]Y[W\
RXE]T\!
=\QZ
K\O[
\WNX]TY[
UTXR\O\
R]
WP[
WZ
VQZR\Y\O\
W]
YZUVXI\P] L[T[X\U\
[
"R[P\Y]YUY[Q
Y]I\Q\!
N[GU[
\
WUX]Y\P
ZOZPZYU\P]
S[Q\
WV
\MR]QY\I\ MZPBV
H\Y\
PY[L[
X]MO\H\U\D
Y]I\Q]
[U]K\YZ
3[
QZ
K\O]
O]E
\
YZGU[
GU[
YZP] *@J>HDK,
7
WVNX[UY[P
YZ
K\
P[LO[
K\U\
Y\
S]STZ
TZMZ
W]
WUT]XY[GCV
3]HY[
QZ
R]
QZ VWU]TY[L
VXZ
<ZF]
8XVL]H\QZ
K\
K\O[
R]
V
Y]G\P
[N[M\I\[Y\P
XZR[T\P]
K\O[ 3VXWS]
U\P
N[R
XVHQ\P]
TO]R]
S][
S[O[Y\J
3VX]S]
?X]N]
?OK]Y]I]
/XS]
\
4ZXPZY] Q]P]
S[QZ
\P]QV
WT[QZ
M]WZKYZ
M]S[YZ
?O\
]O\
F\D
QZ
K\O[
\
PZ<V
VY\[Y\WU\P]
7 [YR]
YZ
K\
K\O[
N[WO]Y\S]
[R]UOZ
9]S[
WUT]X\
TZC\Y]
F\D
WV
K\O\
VY\[Y\WU\
!LLL" K\O[
3VXWS]
YZP]
U]STV
P[C
!LLL" /XI\
WV
WZ
7Y\[Y\WUZ
QZ
K\O[
P[LVCZ
\WU\WYVU\
Y]
OZ
J M]\WU]
X]MQ]X\O\
.\O\
WV
NX[U\T
UZ
R[P\J
L]
O]Y
Y]H\Y
VM
N[P[C
R[KXZ
[XL]Y\M]I\QZ Y]YUYZ
Y]
I\
QZ
3Z
M]S[YWSZ
[RXZRKZ
WV
7
U[
TXZPZ
?X]N\
WV
Y]PZX]T]O\
R]
[WYVQV K\OZ
S][
\WSXZ
V
KVXZUV
K]XVU]
1[OZ[
K\D
W[NWUTZYV
WUX]YSV
1]B]O[
\D
QZ
Y]QNXZ R]
QZ
XZS][
3VXI\
]
YZ
R[P\Y]YUY]
Y]I\Q]
YZS]S[
VTVC\
V
Y]GV
"1]T\O[YWSV
SVOV!
N] ?O\
[Y
U[
Y\QZ
XZS][
Y\QZ
P[L][
U[
R]
S]
J
\D
UZS
[YR]
W]TO]R]U\
3[
GU[
P\
\P]P[ EZ
!LLL" >N]S
N[SVG][
W]P
R]
[SVN\P
[N[
J
NX]TV
1]T\O[YWSV
SVOV
Y\QZ
YZGU[
O[GZ
M\
I\[YZ
LXVN]I\QZ
;]ML[T]X][
W]P
W]
N]
\
VY\[Y\WU\
WV
\WU\
U]ST\
7
WUT]X\
H\
J VLOZR
Y\P
N[WO]Y\I\P]
?X]N\
Y\WV
EZOZ
J
U]
T]
MZPB]
QZ
U]ST]
\
GU]
WZ
UV
P[EZ5
=]
J O\
R]
WZ
NX\
RXVEZ
M]QZRY\HS[Q
WUX]YI\
X]TY[
R]
CZ
\
N]XO]PZYU
K\U\
U]S]T
?X]N\ ?KR]OD]
P\R
[X]T\
QZ
K\[
F\D[T
T[<]
@Y
L]QZ
TZ[P]
[N]WYZ
Y]I\[Y]O\WU\HSZ
\RZQZ QZ
K\[
V
R[KX\P
[RY[W\P]
W]
VSX\
7S[O\S[
YZS[
Y]NX]T\
NXZWZR]Y
Y]
U[P ?W]O\QZP
NXZR
WU]TY\S[P
8]P]WS]
!LLL"
NO]YV
N[WOZR\IZ
P[LV
K\U\
TZ[P]
[MK\B
J 2X\NXZU\[
W]P
?X]N\P]#
"?S[
Y]NX]T\UZ
YZ
9][
V
]VWUX\QWS[Q
WSVNGU\Y\
3]STZ
\RZ
J UV
]X]NWSV
N]XU\QV
P\
CZP[
Y]NX]T\U\
QZ
N[RXE]TQV
\
/XI\
]S[
YZ
[UT[XZY[
[YR] UVXWSV
N]XU\QV
\
VQZR\Y\CZP[
WZ
W]
VY\[Y\
J
K]XZP
V
N[U]Q\
!LLL" 4]
W]P
WNXZP]Y
R]
VPXZP WU\P]
?
T\
RZ
CZ
UZ
[YR]
S[
CZ
\MTVC\
M]
3VXWSV
]O\
U[
SX\QZP
S][
U]QYV
@
U[PZ RZKB\
SX]Q !
7NO]
G\O\
WV
WZ
\
NX\DT]U\O\
Y\
S[P
YZ
L[T[X\P
7S[O\S[
K\WP[
U[
X]
R\
J P[Q
NO]Y
=]X[RY]
WUX]YS]
Y\QZ
DUZO]
R]
WZ
O\
!L[T[X\O\
[
UVXWS[P
Y]I\[Y]O\MPV" NX\RXVE\
M]U[
GU[
QZ
\P]O]
N[RXGSV
[UT[
XZY[
[YR]
K\
\
RXVL\
\P]O\
R[
K]X
X]M
J /VPVOH\YZO\Q]
7H\
Y\[
W]P
WTZ
GU[
W]P
O[L
R]
Q]TY[
L[T[XZ
U]STZ
WUT]X\
?
U[
[YR] P[L][
\
Y]
SX]QV
W]P
\
F\D
NX\R[K\[
MY]H\
N[RZOV
V
MZPB\
\
FZY[
YZWU]Q]FZ Nur
WUX
0J0
@U]K\Y]
*vatan,
WZ
NX[WU\XZ
[R
AS]RX]
R[
.]WXZ
\
4ZPZY]
A]WU]TBZY]
QZ
[R
0
\
N[ 9]S[
P\
R]Y]W
P[EZP[
X]MVPZU\
NX[KOZPZ
[
S[Q\P]
WZ
L[T[X\
V
[T[P
RZO]
3]
W\UV]I\Q]
QZ
Y]QWO]K\Q]
WUX]Y]
3VX
J
W
SZ
\
\MT[X
TZO\SZ
[N]WY[WU\
]
U[
Q]
RXD
J [RO[PSV5
U]
P\WO\G
MK[L
S[Q\D
QZ
\RZJ
U\P
Y]
N[P\W][
[
WUT]X]FV
Y]I\[Y]OY\D [O[GS\D
NX[PZY]
\
N[O\U\HS\D
WU]T[T]
N]XU\Q]
7
U[
TXZPZ
QZ
%VWZ\Y
)]D\R
VNXS[W K\[
M]KX\YVU
N\W]I
[T\D
XZR[T]5
U[PZ
GU[
QZ
?OK]Y]I
N\W][
[
"R[P\Y]YUY[Q
Y]I\Q\!
S[Q]
QZ
NX[U\T
/XS]
V
3]Y\YV
>WU\Y]
Y\QZ
\PZY[P
N[PZYV[
3VXSZ
]O\ IV=*AQ -LM>EPJOQ PKGOHMEMKODPEKNQ 7ML7N
S]
R]
N[WU[Q\
VWU]TY[
VXZ<ZFZ
[YR]
Y\QZ HO?PLJHO'Q&LHPQ9B6%%:
R[MT[BZY[
S[X\WU\U\
\MX]M
"R[P\Y]YUY]
Y]I\Q]!
.\[
W]P
X]MLYZTBZY
WVOVR\P
WU]
J ?
7M
.[EQV
N[P[C
W
TZX[P
V
Y]GV
H]WYV
T[P
U[L
H[TZS]
\
XZS][
W]P#
"@Y
U[
H\Y\ K[XKV
\
VM
N[RXGSV
WT\D
/XS]
\
N[P[C
KBK
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?
9\NX]Y]
CFHGA>JLE@ILAL<JDCAL9KLIE>IL<KLKL2
4HL &J:FKL I?L <FJDKGECI;L =KF@K
VM\P]QVC\ 2VS[TY\S
]
S]WY\QZ
LZYZX]O
/Z[XL\QZ
M]
WT[Q
X]UY\
N[SO\H
\WU\
[Y]Q
S[Q\
WV
Y]P /X\T]W
*66(,
\MR][
QZ
RT]
NX[J
Y]G\
NXZI\
[WU]T\O\
V
]P]YZU
S][
WTZU\J LO]W]
@Y
WZ
N[WOZ
WOVEKZ
V
LXHS[Q
T[QWI\
TX]
U\[
Y]
9\N]X
R]
NXZRT[R\
:@9?
\
M]
J
FV#
2@.:8?
>>
A-;3
N[HYZ
LZX\OWSV
K[XKV
NX[U\T
.X\U]Y]I]
W
.X]C[
9\NX]Y\ SX]QF\P
I\BZP
[WO[K[<ZF]
9\NX]
[R
>M
RVK\Y]
NX[GO[WU\
LOZR]QV
Y]W
WT\
[Y\ S[O[Y\Q]OYZ
TO]WU\
\
VQZR\FZF]
W]
/XHS[P
S[Q\
WV
NX[WO]T\O\
LXHSV
\WU[X\QV
U\PZ
GU[ ]
\WD[R
[TZ
K[XKZ
T\R\
IJ(0
WV
W]HVT]O\
FZYV
WO[K[RV#
X]UY\I\
-]X]U[Y]
\
A]O]P\YZ
UX\WU]
Z[Y\R\Y\D
]SZ
RZ
P[
F]
Y]
\
K[X]I]
V
QVY]HS[P
]OK]YJ .
WS[P
X]UV
/OZR]QV
Y]W
K[XI\
\M
0
\WU\
]NX\O
[Y\
S[Q\
WV
Y]P
N[S]M]O\
R]
WZ
UV<\YWS[L
Q]XP]
P[
EZ
P[
[WO[K\U\
W]P[
]S[
WUT[X\P[ "7WU]QUZ
RZI[
/XHSZ
Y]I\[Y]OYV
RXE]TV
!LLL" \
[WO[K[R\UZ
MZPBV!
AT\
/XI\
Y]W
LOZR]QV
\
WOZRZ
M]KX\YVU\
]O\
\
\WNVFZY\
Y]I\[Y]OY\P
N[Y[W[P
)]XWUT[
[R
'
P\O\[Y]
N[R]Y\S]
Y]N]R]
@RL[T[X\P[
\P
RZO\P]
\
N[S]E\P[
R]
WP[ G]H\IV
BVR\
H\QZ
QZ
QZR\Y[
[XVEQZ
F\D[T]
\D
R[WU[QY\
RVG]
]
QZR\Y\
[WO[Y]I
F\D[T]
TZX]
Y[
1XZPZ
QZ
R]
WTZU
T\R\
S]S[
QZ
PZ<VY]X[RY] [T\
P[CY[P
/[O\Q]UV
S[Q\
X]WN[O]EZ
R\NO[P]U\Q]
GH:FKBJ8GK \
CACKBJ8CK Y] P]UZX\Q]OY[P
W\O[P
VMTX]C]QV
WY]EY\P
XZH\P]
R[S
QZ
RVD
9\NX]Y]
SXZN]S
?S[
Y]
J VR]XI\P]
@T]
K[XK]
M]
:FKB?AL X]<]
@IL2
G\
VLFZU]H\
[RK\QV
R]
Y]P
TX]UZ
WO[K[RV FK>GALEGK;A \
KVR\
Y]QNOZPZY\U\QZ
\RZ]OZ
P\
WP[
WNXZPY\
R]
QZ
[WT[Q\P[
TO]WU\U\P VNX]TBZYZ
NX[U\T
GH:FKB?HL\
Y]W\B]
FACK@KL\
TO]WU\U[P
CFB/A
!LLL"
2[S]E\P[
WTZUV
Q[G
QZRY[P
R]
R]Y]GF\ @WUT]X\O\
WP[
P[X]OYV
N[KZRV
)]XWUT[
QZ
/XI\
YZCZ
R[MT[O\U\
R]
\P
YZS[
WU]T\
Q]
J VMRXP]Y[
\
N[Y\EZY[
9\N]X
M]
S[Q\
Y\S[
X]P
=]G]
K[XK]
K\CZ
UZGS]
Y]G\
VLFZU]
J Y\QZ
MY][
N]
Y\
R\NO[P]UZ
R]Y]W
QZ
V
IZYJ
H\
WV
P[CY\
\
PY[L[
\D
QZ UXV
PZ<VY]X[RY\D
[RY[W]
[Y
QZ
P[X]
M]
?O\
P\
\P]P[
?A,
=]
Y]G[Q
WUX]Y\
QZ
\ ?YLO[]PZX\S]YIZ
\
S]YIZX
M]
:YLOZMZ
=]
:FKBI
KDIL H@IL:I<H?JDJ
Y]
G[Q
WUX]Y\
WV
WT\
BVR\
S[Q\P]
QZ
WO[K[J
R]
Y]
WXIV
ATZUWSZ
R\NO[P]UZ !LLL"
/OZR]QUZ
GU]
P\
H\Y\P[
AX]PY[
QZ
R]
V
XX 2X[GO[
QZ
TXZPZ
NXZR]QZ
2X[GO[
QZ
TXZPZ
TZSV
BVR\
P[X]QV
R]
NX[O\T]QV
SXT
M]
WO[J E\T[U]
Y]
X]HVY
P]O\D
\
KZWN[P[CY\D
8]
J
K[RV
U]Q
K[E]YWS\
R]X
M]
S[Q\
WZ
P\
K[X\J Y]W
CZ
Y]RTO]R]U\
:FKB?KL \
@IFK>
=Z
P[
Y]
T]G[Q
WUX]Y\
\
M]
S[Q\
WUZ
WZ
T\ P[LV
Y]W
N[X]M\U\
Y\
MO\
]YLO[J]PZX\HS\
K]XZP
S]S[
W]P\
UTXR\UZ
K[X\O\
S]R]
WUZ W]
TZM
Y\U\
]YLO[JUVXWS]
M]TZX]

U]Q
\MYV
J
WZ
WVNX[UWU]T\O\
Y]I\MPV
\
+]G\MPV
<ZY\
N[RVDT]U
RT[QZ
OVS]T\D
[N[XUVY\WU]
Papageorgiou
WUX
J6
/XI\
LRZ
L[R
R]
WUZ
HVQUZ
Y]G
N[M\T#
'K:FH?
1BJL9K=H?GIL9KLE>I<I?AL&J:FK
!LLL" =]
S[Q\
Y]H\Y
T[<]
S\N]XWS[L
N[SXZJ
U]
[NX]TR]T]
K[XKV
M]
WO[K[RV5
8]
1[<] O\
MY]G
YZS\
RXVL\
]YU\S[O[Y\Q]OY\
8\LZY\W
N[SXZU
\M
WXZR\YZ
%%
TZS]5
Grivas-Dighenis
WUX
(
KBB
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
7N[XZR\
[T]Q
UZSWU
W]
IJ6
\
IJ0(
9[Q]
QZ 9[PZ
QZ
VNVCZY5
9]R]
\
V
S[Q\P
[S[OY[WU\J
WTXD]
[T[L
NX[LO]W]5
7MP\
O\WU
N]N\J P]
QZ
Y]N\W]Y5
X]
\
Y]IXU]Q
UX\
S[O[YZ
]
WT]S\
UZSWU =]TZR\
]XLVPZYUZ
S[Q\
WV
S[X\GCZY\
S][
[RL[T[X\
Y]
WOZRZC]
N\U]F]
VTZS
\P]
QV
J [NX]TR]FZ
K[XKZ
M]
WO[K[RV
U]
NX\
PZ
J
C\
Y]
VPV
R]
QZ
NX[LO]W
NXZ
WTZL]
Y]H\Y CVQZG5
-\WO\G
O\
R]
NX[LO]W
R]
K\
N[
J
[KX]C]F]
BVR\P]#
9[
L]
QZ
Y]N\W][5
WOV
E\[
WTXW\
UXZK]
R]
N[GUVQZ
[RXZ
<Z
Y]
XZU[X\HS]
NX]T\O]5
IV7AQMKHLNGKOQJIHM7O
IV=0AQ1GDN?PKQ!PCO(Q
,. ,/-0) W]R
NXT\P
Y]X[R[P
YZ
W]P[
PZ
<V
AO]
TZ
Y\
J
*&0$(')/%, ,&+-)/)-)$0* P]
YZL[
Y]
I\QZO[P
WT\QZUV
-\
U[
QVY]GUT[
#)!,(",&.-('./0#.%-+./9B6B8: NX\
MY]QZP[
]O\
U]Q
T]G
N[Y[W
K\[
K\
TZO\J
S]
WPZUF]
U[PV
R]
VH\P[
[R
WT\D
]
Y]N[WZ
-\
W
T]P]
*&FK/HBJGI@L1F<J=I@LJL&FKL/HL2 [R
WO]TZYWS\D
Y]X[R]
BJGI@L FGI@L IFI@,
D[CZP[
QZR\YWUTZYV Radi}
WUX
0
T]FWSV
PZ<VY]X[RYV
RXE]TYV
LX]Y\IV
! "
]O\
\WU[
U]S[
D[CZP[
\
Y]R]BZ
M]RXE]U\ AUQZN]Y
;]R\C
*60,
N[O\U\H
S\
T[<]
%XT]UWSZ
WZB]HSZ
WUX]YSZ
T[
J
VYVUX]GFV
WT[QV
RXE]TYV
LX]Y\IV
DXT]U
J
RZC\
DXT]UWS\
N[O\U\H]X
N[WOZ
2XT[L
WTZU
J
WSV
\
U[
W
[T\D
X]MO[L]
WS[L
X]U]
VK\QZY
V
ASVNGU\Y\
V
.Z[
LX]
RV
2XT[
P\
%XT]U\
D[CZP[
WT[PV
WZB]HS[PZ MK[L
NX[U\TBZF]
R[P\Y]YUY[Q
WXNWS[Q
N[
O\
J
Y]X[RV
[E\T[UT[X\U\
N[UNVY[
FZL[T[
WZ
J U\I\
@T]Q
HO]Y]S
QZ
Y]N\W][
YZN[WXZRY[
N[
J
B]H
S[
NX]T[
NXZP]
N[WZKY\P
Y]G\P
NX\J WOZ
X]WN]R]
?VWUX[VL]XWSZ
Y]
R]Y
VQZR\
FZ
J
O\S]P]
\
N[UXZK]P]
! "L
F]
QVEY[WO[TZYWS\D
MZP]B]
6
L[
R\
YZ
8XVL[
P\
%XT]U\
D[CZP[
WT[QV
DXT]UWSV
RX
J
E]
TV
VXZR\U\
YZ
W]P[
Y]
WZB]HS[P
YZL[
\
Y]
WO]TZYWS[P
UZPZBV
U]S[
R]
Y]
NX\PQZX ]GU[
;]R\C
UX]E\
R]
%XT]UWS]
KV
J
RZ
W]P[WU]OY]
*"VYVU]X
QVL[WO[
TZY
J
FZ
P]HS\
QZM\S
M]P\QZY\P[
HZGS\P
\
R]
Y]
J
W
SZ
M]QZRY\IZ!,5
8]
O\
[Y
M]L[T]X]
YZM]J
WU[
Q\P[
S
WZK\
NXZY\QZU\
\
NXZW]R\U\
WTZ
T\WY[WU
N[
WT]SV
IZYV5
U]
P\WO\G
[
[YZ
HZGSZ
VXZRKZ
\
M]S[YZ
S[Q\
WV
M]
Y]W
FZ
L[T[Q
\RZ[O[L\Q\
*WZB]HS]
XZNVKO\J
T\
Y]NX[U\T
NXZY]G]UZ
VXZRKZ
\
M]S[YZ
S]
WO]T\M]P,5
8]
O\
WV
[TZ
\RZ[O[L\QZ
\M
UV<ZL]
]S[
\
Y]NXZRY[L
WT\QZU]
N]
WZ
P\
R]Y]W
M]Y\PB\TZ5
MK[L
U[L]
YZCZP[
W
T]P]
KZMVWNQZGY[
NXZ
N\
J
X]
U\
\
K\U\
V
WT\P
WUT]X\P]
TQZHY]
P]F\Y]
3XZ
CZ
P\
%XT]U\
S]Y\P[
W]T
WT[Q
Q]TY\
E\
J
T[U
VXZR\U\
GKLCF0 KGECI@LJLGKLJ>LEILGIL2 IV=8AQ -LM>EPJQ 1L7P(Q LFPGPQ OQ $M35PHP
BI@L8IB=H8KGECI@LDH@H/ALDKCIL?KLEHLA;GHL2 O<Q$MJKNQ9B6)/:
@ILEBKCI=L@F54JLJLIEBHDJ
]
T\
WUZ
KX]C[
AXK\
Y]NX[U\T
MK[L
WT[Q\D
NXZTZO\S\D 8]Y]W
Y]X[R\
.[WYZ
\
%ZXIZL[T\YZ
NXZS[
N]U
F]
S[Q\P]
WV
SX\T\
YZ
W]P[
Y]G\
UV
<\Y
J WT[L
QZR\Y[L
N[O\U\HS[L
NXZRWU]TY\S]
WS\
UO]H\UZB\
YZL[
\
Y]G]
KX]C]
.VL]X\ RXE]T
Y[L
?YU\+]G\WU\HS[L
TZC]
.[WYZ
\
T\
WUZ
MK[L
U[L]
\
NX[U\T
UZ
KV
L]X
W
SZ
Y]GZ %ZXIZL[T\YZ
UX]EZ
R]
F\D[T]
MZPB]
S[Q]
KX]
CZ
U]S[
[L[XHZY\
R]
ZU[
YZ
CZUZ
Y\
HV
J Y\QZ
Y\
WXNWS]
Y\
DXT]UWS]
Y\U\
PVWO\P]YJ
U\
[
U[P
R]
\
.VL]X\
\RV
V
Y]GZ
QVL[WO]TZYJ WS]
KVRZ
WO[K[RY]
\
VQZR\FZY]
.[WY]
\
WS[
S[O[
]
MK[L
WT[L]
QVY]GUT]
RXE\UZ
WZ %ZXIZL[T\Y]
V
S[Q[Q
CZ
K\U\
M]L]X]YU[T]Y]
KB;
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?
NVY]
QZRY]S[WU
\
X]TY[NX]TY[WU
=]X[R\ K[OY[
WUZFZ
Y]G]
MZPB]
3XZK]
R]
N[R
.[WYZ
\
%ZXIZL[T\YZ
EZOZ
R]
M]QZRY[
W] T]G[P
S[YUX[O[P
AXK\
WPQZWU]
Y]NVWUZ
RXVL\P
Y]X[R\P]
X]TY[NX]TY[
VHZWUTVQV
V IXY[L[XWSV
UZX\U[X\QV
3]R]
CZ
)XY]
/[X]
\MLX]RF\
Y]X[RYZ
RZP[SX]UWSZ
+ZRZX]J NXZS[
WT[L
XZLVO]XY[L
N]XO]PZYU]
Y]QM]R
U\TYZ
4VL[WO]T\QZ P[C\
WO[K[RY[
R]
\WS]EZ
[Y[
GU[
UX]E\
$[O]S[T\C
WUX
;]WU[RZX
WUX
(
9]ST[
QZ
WDT]U]FZ
[
NX\X[R\
RXE]TZ IV=6AQNHEPLP;ODPQ-LFM>Q<PJNCP5P
\WS]M]Y[
V
[T[P
UZSWUV5 KGOP3OJGO2HM>QFNPQKPLMCKM>
MJEM7MN5PQPHNCMKODNQ9B6)):
IV#8PAQ"CEIHPQNEOHNQKPLMCKN
JHI?3GOKNQ9-MC>MLO2HNQJHI?3GOKN:(Q 8ZSO]X]I\Q]
2XT[L
M]WZR]F]
?A=@-J]
B/AQKMFN@7PLQB6B8A *?YU\
+]G\WU\HS[
W[KX]FZ
Y]X[RY[L
[WO[
J
K[
<ZF]
-]SZR[Y\QZ,
[
[WY[TY\P
NX]T\P]
AXNWS\
Y]X[R
V
)XY[Q
/[X\
QZRYZ
QZ
SXT\ LX]<]Y]
RZP[SX]UWSZ
-]SZR[Y\QZ#
QZM\S]
\
UZEFZ
QZRYZ
TQZXZ
\
[K\H]Q]
W
Y]J
AT\
LX]<]Y\
W]TZMYZ
RZP[SX]UWSZ
P]SZJ
X[R[P
S[Q\
E\T\
V
AXK\Q\
\
RXVL\P
WXNWS\P R[YWSZ
RXE]TZ
QZRY]S\
WV
NXZR
M]S[Y[P
KZM
SX]QZT\P]
=]
[WY[TV
WTZL]
\MO[EZY[L] [KM\X]
Y]
Y]I\[Y]OY[WU
N[O
X]WV
\
TZXV
AXNWS]
1ZO\S]
=]X[RY]
WSVNGU\Y]
V
)XY[Q 0
=]I\[Y]OYZ
P]F\YZ
\P]QV
NX]T[
Y]
WO[J
/[X\
[ROVHVQZ#
K[R]Y
E\T[U
WT[QZ
Y]I\QZ

8]
WZ
SX]B
=\S[O]
I 2ZUX[T\C

ZL[G
AT]S[P
LX]<]Y\YV
WZ
L]X]YUVQZ
KZMKZR]Y
\
FZL[T]
R\Y]WU\Q]
MK]I\
W]
IXY[L[XWS[L E\T[U
\
\P[T\Y]
NX]T[
Y]
N[WZR[T]FZ
NX\QZWU[O] \P[
T\YZ
\
NX\T]UYV
\Y\I\Q]U\TV
0
8]
WZ
)XY]
/[X]
W]
KX]UWS[P
AXK\Q[P
VQZJ (
AT]S[P
LX]<]Y\YV
WZ
L]X]YUVQZ
WO[K[R]
R\Y\
V
QZRYV
QZR\YV
RXE]TV
N[R
R\Y]WU\Q[P TZX[\WN[TZWU\
\
W]TZWU\
9]X]<[X<ZT\C]
UZ
U]S[
VQZR\FZYZ
WUVNZ
V '
AT\P
LX]<]Y\P]
WZ
L]X]YUVQZ
WO[K[R]
L[
J
M]QZRY\HSV
@U]K\YV
Y]GZL
UX[\PZY[L
Y]XJ T[X]
GU]PNZ
[SVNB]F]
\
VRXVE\T]F]
[R]
AXK]
%XT]U]
\
AO[TZYI]
&
=]
[WY[TV
[NGUZL
QZRY]S[L
YZN[WXZRY[L
1VQ[T\C
WUX
00&00 \
O\HY[L
NX]T]
LO]W]
WT]S[
V
RZP[SX]UWS[Q
-]SZR[Y\Q\
\P]
NX]T[
R]
U]QY[
LO]W]
IV#Q87AQ<QNHJ?M<NPQ;LKM>MLJHM>QCNEN>P=
AT]S\
LX]<]Y\Y
\
LX]<]YS]
WU]X\Q\
[R

GPQ KGPQ&FM<CNKMFOPQ?LNCQL'MFKO@ L[R\Y]
S[Q\
Y\WV
N[R
WVRWS[P
\WUX]L[P
\P]
J
FODNN@(QMKNLNK;ODPQ@OLPQIQ-PLOMCOKN Y]X[RYZ
TO]WU\
8[S
UX]QZ
Y]X[RY[[WO[K[R\J
O]HS]
K[XK]
]
N[
[ROVI\
1ZC]
P[EZ
WZ
VS\
J
=Z
NX\DT]U]P[
R]
)XY]
/[X]
N[WU]YZ
WXNJ YVU\
NX\YI\N
U]QY[L
\
YZN[
WXZR
Y[L
LO]W]F]
WS]
NX[T\YI\Q]
N[R
TO]GCV
TO]R]X]
S[QZL -ZYU]OY[
M][WU]OZ
[W[KZ
S][
\
[W[KZ
[NUV
J
[Y]
Y\QZ
\M]KX]O]
\
S[Q\
Y\QZ
FZY
-\
WP[ EZ
YZ
R]
X]RZ
NX[U\T
\YUZXZW]
Y]X[RJ
M]
U[
R]
WZ
Y]G]
MZPB]
WY]EY[
[RVNXZ Y[[WO[K[R\O]HSZ
K[XKZ
YZ
VE\T]QV
NX]T]
LXVK[Q
\
N[Y\E]T]QVC[Q
]YZSW\Q\
=Z
NX[J \M
'
\
&
U]HSZ
[TZ
8ZSO]X]I\QZ
U\T\P[
WZ
S[Y+ZRZX]I\Q\
QVEY[WO[TZYWS\D
AT]S\
WN[W[K]Y
LX]<]Y\Y
\P]
RVEY[WU
\
MZP]B]
V
S[Q[Q
K\
WT\
S[Q\
V
FV
V<V H]WU
R]
WZ
KZM
[KM\X]
Y]
Y]I\[Y]OY[WU
\
M]RXE]O\
WT[QV
N[UNVYV
\
S[PNOZUYV TZ
X[\WN[TZWU
S][
T[QY\S
NX\RXVE\
Y]X[
R
J
]VU[Y[P\QV
3X]E\P[
NX]T[
S[QZ
WZ
R]Y]W Y[
[W
O[
K[R\O]HS[Q
T[QWI\
\
N]XU\M]YWS\P
NX\MY]QZ
WT\P
Y]X[R\P]#
NX]T[
R]
W]P\ QZR\Y\I]P]
[ROVHVQZP[
[
WT[Q[Q
WVRK\Y\
?O\
R]
K\
WZ 6
ATZ
+]G\WU\HSZ
\
NX[+]G\WU\HSZ
U[
NX]T[
P[LO[
[WUT]X\U\
P[X]
NXZWU]U\ ]SU\TY[WU\
WV
M]KX]FZYZ
M]U[
GU[
WV
VWPZ
J
XZE\P
UZX[X]
\
W]P[T[BZ
N[R
S[Q\P
U]S[ XZYZ
NX[U\T
WO[K[RZ
\
YZM]T\WY[WU\
Y]GZ
KX]UWSZ
M]QZRY\IZ
QVL[WO[TZYWS\D
Y]X[R]
KB>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>

AT]S[P
LX]<]Y\YV
WZ
L]X]YUVQZ
NX]T[
R] [KX]M[T]FV
WT[Q\D
VHZY\S]
L,
S[PVY\WU\
WZ
E]O\
Y]
[ROVSZ
[XL]Y]
TO]WU\
Y]
Y]H\Y S[Q\
WV
EZOZO\
R]
NX\R[K\QV
PO]RZ
M]
WT[QV
NX[N\W]Y
M]S[Y[P WUT]X
\WSBVH\T[
V
\YUZXZWV
N]XU\QZ
R,

AT]S\
LX]<]Y\Y
\P]
NX]T[
R]
WZ
E]O\
\ YZS\
BVR\
\M
TO]WU\
S[Q\
Y\WV
P[LO\
R]
\MY[W\
NX\PZRKZ
WT\P
[XL]Y\P]
RXE]TYZ WDT]UZ
S]STV
CZ
VO[LV
[R\LX]U\
PO]R\
]
TO]WU\ N[
WZKY[
GS[O]XI\
V
[WO[K[R\O]HS[Q
K[X
J
8XE]TY]
TO]WU
VO]EZ
Y]N[XZ
R]
\WS[XZY\ K\
S[Q]
QZ
NXZX]WO]
V
[XVE]Y\
WVS[K
YZN\WPZY[WU
R]
N[R\LYZ
Y\T[
[NGUZ
SVOJ Grivas-Dighenis
WUX
J6
UVXZ
\
[KZMKZR\
KZWNO]UY[
GS[O[T]FZ
7
P]Y]WU\XV
ATZU\
2X[D[X
2H\FWS\
Y] ?Y]O\M\X]Q
WTZ
]XLVPZYUZ
S[QZ
T[<]
>O\YR]Y
0
]TLVWU]
6(( ]YU\S[O[Y\Q]OYZ
K[XKZ
Y]T[R\
S][
Makedonium
WUX
6J0 NXZNXZSZ
Y]
NVUV
[XL]Y\M[T]FZ
K[XKZ
9]S]T
WU]T
\P]
RXVGUT[
V
S[P
E\T\G
8ZSO]X]I\Q]
[
[WY[TY\P
NX]T\P]
LX]
J
NXZP]
VSBVH\T]FV
PO]R\D
V
N[O\U\SV5
<]Y]
RZP[SX]UWSZ
-]SZR[Y\QZ
R[YZJ
WZY]
QZ
0
]TLVWU]
6((
Y]
NXT[P
M]WZR]FV *;]MP\WO\
[
WT[Q[Q
N[X[R\I\
NX[+ZW[
J
?A=@-J]
*?YU\+]G\WU\HS[L
TZC]
Y]X[RY[L X\P]
NX\Q]UZB\P]
]
[YR]
\
[
RXVGUTV
V
[WO[K[<ZF]
-]SZR[Y\QZ,
@T[
TZCZ
V
S[QZP IZO\Y\ ,
8[
S[L
WUZNZY]
N[
UT[P
P\G
J
WV
R[P\Y\X]O\
S[PVY\WU\
K\O[
QZ
N[O\U\H
J BZ
FV
PO]R\
BVR\
UXZK]
R]
KVRV
VSBV
J
S[
UZO[
[XVE]Y[L
N]XU\M]YWS[L
N[SXZU]
S[Q\ HZY\
V
N[O\U\SV5
?
V
[XVE]YZ
WVS[KZ5
WZ
K[X\[
NX[U\T
YZP]HS\D
\
KVL]XWS\D
WY]L]
V
-]
SZR[Y\Q\
]
Y]
FZL[T[P
NXT[P
M]WZR]FV 1EAQ46AQ ?NEQO?LPQDNCO5NKO@QKP;ODP=
N[WU]TBZY\
WV
UZPZB\
]VU[Y[PYZ
P]SZR[Y
J @PQ9JLNCOKPQQFNHP:
W
SZ
+ZRZX]OYZ
QZR\Y\IZ
V
[ST\XV
M]
P\G
BZ
J
YZ
QVL[WO[TZYWSZ
M]QZRY\IZ
X]TY[NX]TY\D
Y]
X[R]
]WZR]FZ
QZ
WU[L]
K\O[
[R
NXZWVRYZ
T]EY[WU\
M]
WUT]X]FZ
KVRVCZ
YZM]T\WYZ
P]
J
SZR[YWSZ
RXE]TZ
2]XU\M]YWSZ
T[<Z
WV
Y]
J
PZX
Y[
\M]KX]OZ
0
]TLVWU
>O\YR]Y
M]
R]Y
[KQ]TZ
P]SZR[YWSZ
RXE]TY[WU\
M]U[
GU[
QZ
Y]
U]Q
R]Y
N[HZ[
\
>O\YRZYWS\
VWU]Y]S
6
L[R\YZ
3]S[
QZ
NXZS[
P\U]
[
"RXVL[P
>O\Y
J
RZYV!
Y]LO]GZY
S[YU\YV\UZU
[XVE]YZ
K[XKZ
-Z<VU\P
PY[L\
[R
[T\D
WTZH]Y[
NX[SO]P[
J
T]Y\D
WU]T[T]
[WU]O\
WV
NVS[
WO[T[
Y]
N]
N\
J
XV
N[GU[
QZ
4VL[WO]T\Q]

\
=]X[RY]
;Z
NVK
J 9]X\S]UVX]

8ZPZUX\Q]R\W]
V
Istoria tis Kyprou
WUX
0(
O\
S]
-]SZR[Y\Q]
VYVU]X
FZ

Y]
SX]QV
NXZJ
X]WO]
V
RXE]TV
W]
U[U]O\U]XY\P
S[PVJ
Y\WU\HS\P
W\WUZP[P 3ZSWU
S]X\S]UVXZ#
1]G\YLU[Y
O[XR
.]QX[Y
\
4[T]YS]
@XOZ]YS]#
"8]SOZ
WT\
Y]G\
Y]N[X\
WV
K\O\
VM]OVRY\5!
IV=B.AQ N3HMNQ PKGOHMEMKODPEKNQ 7ML7N 3[S[P
]YU\S[O[Y\Q]OYZ
K[XKZ
LXHSZ
TO]WJ
KPQ O?LIQ B6%%#B6%6(Q PKPEO<PQ &NML>ODP U\
S[QZ
WV
M]WUVN]OZ
M]QZRY\IV
S\N]XJWS\D
&LOFPJP(QFMNQ" Q9O>NKOJ: /XS]
HZU\X\
NVU]
WV
WZ
[KX]C]OZ
7QZ
R\
FZ
J
Y\P
Y]I\Q]P]
UX]EZC\
NX]T[
9\NX]
Y]
W]
P[
J
[NXZ
RZ
BZ
FZ
]DUZT
M]
W]P[[NXZRZBZFZ
QZ
-Y[L[
P[CY\D
]SUZX]
QZ
N[WU]TB]O[
6'
L[R\YZ
NXZU[HZY
V
M]DUZT
M]
YZM]T\WJ
NXZNXZSZ
Y]
P[Q
NVU
3[
WV#
],
:YLOZM\
S[Q\ Y[WU
WV
M]WUX]G\T]O\
\
S[YUX[O\GVC\
[WY[TY[
[KX]M[T]FZ
WU]Q]O\
Y]
NVUV
Y]NXZUS]
Y]
J ]GU[
WV
\M]KX]YZ
[TZ
UX\
O\HY[WU\5
GZ
[PO]R\YZ
K,
X[R\UZB\
S[Q\
WV
WUX]D[J
9[QZ
Y]I\QZ
[YZ
NXZRWU]TB]QV5
=]
S[QZ
T]O\
M]
E\T[UZ
WT[QZ
RZIZ
T,
VH\UZB\
S[
J WVS[KZ
[YZ
VNVCVQV5
Q\
WV
WZ
WU]X]O\
[
GS[OWS[Q
R\WI\NO\Y\
\
KB7
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?
IV=BBAQ -NLJ?NHGOFNQ ENFO2PLJHNQ ?PLGODN R\YWUT]

R[S]M][
QZ
R]
WV
N]UX\[UZ
Y]
NX]
J
HO?PLJHO'Q&LHPQ9
:4% 9B6%%: T[P
NVUV
2VWU\P[
Y]X[R
R]
Q[G
[ROVHY\QZ
Y]WU]T\
K[XKV
M]
VQZR\FZFZ
\
Y]I\[Y]OY]
A
TXZPZY]
Y]
TXZPZ
:@9?
\
8\LZY\W NX]T]
@Y
CZ
N[KZR\U\
VNXS[W
[UN[X\P]
Y]
KXKB]QV
[
HVRY\P
\
VTXYVU\P
WUT]X\P] S[QZ
Y]\O]M\
VNXS[W
[N[M\I\Q\
\
N[SV
G]
Q\P]
]S[
QZ
TZX[T]U\
]PZX\HS[P
R[N\WY\SV
S[Q\ N[RZOZ
WVNX[UWU]TB]QVC\
WZ
WTZPV
U[PZ
L]
QZ
"\YUZXTQV\W][!
8[N\WY\S
QZ
WVLZX\W][ The New Democrat Newspaper

]TLVWU
66'
V#
Sp. Papageorgiou
AKEL
R]
WV
:YLOZM\
8\LZY\W]
[KVH\O\
M]
S[P]YJ
R[W]
7
N[WOZRFZP
NX[LO]WV
:@9?
S[Q\
QZ EOKA: Ethniki Enosis Kyprion Agoniston
NXZYZO]
QZRY]
]U\YWS]
X]R\[JWU]Y\I] *=]I\[Y]OY]
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]
S\N]XWS\D
8\LZY\W
QZ
XZS][
R]
CZ
9\NX]Y\
]S[ K[X]I],
U]QY]
RZWY\H]XWS]
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]
S[Q]
7QZR\FZYZ
Y]I\QZ
[RK\QV
R]
WZ
N[M]K]TZ QZ
NXZRT[R\O]
]YU\S[O[Y\Q]OYV
K[XKV
Y]
N\U]FZP
9\NX]
"R\C\
V
T]MRVD
IZO[
[WUXJ 9\NXV
[R
6''
R[
6'6
L[R\YZ
ZY
I\B
QZ
T[
WN]BVQVC\
\
WZKZ
\
.X\U]YIZ!
@T\P K\[
VQZR\FZFZ
9\NX]
W]
/XHS[P
R[S
WZ
T[<
J
NX[LO]W[P
WV
8\LZY\W
\
[Y\
S[Q\
L]
N[RX
E]
J WUT[
S\N]XWS\D
3VX]S]
[NXZRZO\O[
M]
W]
X]R
J
T]QV
NX\MY]O\
QZRYV
MY]H]QYV
H\FZY\IV# FV
W]
.X\U]YI\P]
3]QY]
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]
S\
N]X
J
WS\D
3VX]S]
Y]
H\QZP
WV
HZOV
K\O\
UVXWS\
N\U]FZ
9\NX]
QZ
V
Y]ROZEY[WU\
7QZR\
FZ
J
[+\
I\X\

Y]MT]Y]
1[OS]Y
]
6'
L[R\YZ
Y\D
Y]I\Q]
U]
[YR]
MY]HZ
T]UXZYZ
XZH\
\ NXZ
\PZY[T]Y]
V
3-3
*3VXWSZ
[RKX]PKZYZ
WY]
J
MKXS]

S[QZ
\M]M\T]QV
V
TZM\
W]
U\P
N\
U]
J LZ,

U]S[<Z
QZ
\P]O]
M]
I\B
[RXE]
FZ
N[WU[QZ
J
FZP5
3[
N\U]P[
M]U[
GU[
[Y\
NX\MY]QV
R] CZL
WU]F]
8ZWY\H]XWS]
[X\QZY
U]
I\
Q]
:@9?
\P
I\B
Y\QZ
R]
X]MK\QV
Y[W
:YLOZM\P] R[
TZO]
QZ
R[
WVS[K]
W]
LXS[
S\
N]X
W
S\P
OZ
T\
H]
J
2[GU[
QZ
S\N]XWS[
N\U]FZ
V
Y]ROZEY[WU\ X\
P]
U[
QZWU
NX\WU]O\I]P]
?9:J]
WUX]YSZ
7QZR\FZY\D
Y]I\Q]
M]GU[
:@9?
NX\MY]QZ
R] S[Q]
QZ
NXZUD[RY\D
RZIZY\Q]
N[KZR\O]
Y]
QZ
U[
GU[
QV
QZ
Y]NVWU\O]
?U\Y]
S[QV
WV
"N[RJ PY[L\P
O[S]OY\P
\MK[X\P]

QZR\Y\P
\MK[X\J
Q]XP\O\!
WUX]YI\
[UT[XZY]
\
LYVWY]
\MR]Q]5
P]
S[QZ
QZ
KX\U]YWS]
VNX]T]
R[MT[B]T]O]
7
7QZR\FZY\P
Y]I\Q]P]
S][
\
NX[GOZ
L[
J
R\
YZ
?PZX\S]YI\
WV
Y]W
Y]NVWU\O\
\
\MR]
J IV=B4AQ O?PLJHOQ IL;OQ ?LMGOFQ " (
O\
R[S
QZ
A[TQZUWS\
A]TZM
LO]W][
M]
Y]W B6*.AQ
=\QZ
O\
SX\P\Y]O
R]
P\
[WU]QZP[
S][
GS[BSZ
NX\BVKBZY\
M]
[YZ
S[Q\
Y]W
\MR]J HFIFJEDJ8CKL <IF<KL CJ:KFECJ,L FCKL EH
QV
\
NX[R]QV
YVRZC\
Y]P
T[QYZ
K]MZ5
GKEDKB/K
?S[
CZ
S]S[
:@9?
NX\MY]QZ
N\U]FZ
9\NX] 2ZU[X[
PXUT\D
M]
RZWZU
R]Y]
K\U\
XZGZY[
V
7QZR\FZY\P
Y]I\Q]P]
Y\QZ -]S]X\[W
U[
P[X]
R]
[WVR\
=]PZXZ
:@9?
O\
[YR]
[H\LOZRY[
R]
CZP[
WZ
Y]QK[BZ WV
W]WT\P
Q]WYZ#
BVRZ
UXZK]
M]NO]G\U\
\
[RKX]Y\U\
]S[
WT\
9\NX]Y\
Y]WUVNZ
M]QZRJ UZ
X[X
Y]WU]T\U\
WT[P
EZWU\Y[P
9[
L[R
R]
Y[

HZPV
WZ
PZ<VU\P
:@9?
NX[U\T\5 WU[Q\
\M]
[T[L]
Y]
SX]QV
CZ
YZP]
WVPFZ
P[
J
ATZ
R[W]R
XZHZY[
N[S]MVQZ
R]
QZ
:@9?
V X]U\
R]
WZ
WV[H\
W
N[WOZR\I]P]
WT[Q\D
RZO]
Y]QK[BZP
WOVH]QV
N[O\U\HS\
M]TZRZY]
\
R] 7
NXT\P
PZWZI\P]
;ZNVKO\SZ
UZX[
X\W
U\H
J
WZ
MK[L
U[L]
N[Y]G]
]T]YUVX\WU\HS\
1Z
XV
QZ
J S]
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]
:@9?
QZ
N[Y[T[
SXZYVO]
V
P[
R]
XZGZFZ
S\N]XWS[L
N\U]F]
OZE\
NXZ K[XKV
A]
UZX[X\MP[P
QZ
NXZWU]O]
S]R]
WV
WTZL]
V
QZR\YWUTV
\
K[XK\
S\N]XWS[L
Y]X[R] N[UN\W]Y\
)\X\GS\
\
[YR[YWS\
WN[X]MVP
\
/XHSZ
3[
QZ
NXT]
\
[WY[TY]
WUT]X
]
WTZ ?SI\QZ
K[X]I]
:@9?
S[Q\
Y]WU[QZ
R]
VQZR\
YZ
[WU]O[
CZ
\M
U[L]
NX[\WUZC\
1ZO\S\
N[O\J 9\N]X
W]
/XHS[P
Y]QNXZ
WV
K\OZ
VWPZ
XZ
YZ
Y]
U\HS\
VR]X
0
]TLVWU]
Y]
9\NXV
S[Q\
QZ
K\[ VK\WUT]
\
M]WUX]G\T]FZ
]
N[U[P
NX\UT[XY[
]LXZW\TY]
RZP[YWUX]I\Q]
Y]X[RY[L
QZ
J Y]
WUT]X]FZ
HGIEJEKL *"VY\QZ!,
8]
K\
0'
?9:#
Anorthotiko Komma Ergazomenou Laou *=]NXZRY]
X]RY\HS]
WUX]YS],
KB
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
N[WU\LO]
WT[QZ
I\BZTZ
:@9?
WZ
VNV
WU\O]
V
UZX[X\WU\HSV
K[XKV
\WU[TXZPZY[
UTXRZC\ =]S[Y
NXT[L
WOVH]Q]
Y]W\B]
PZ<V
M]
J
R]
WV
QZR\YWUT[
\
W]X]RF]
S\
N]X
W
S\D
/XS] QZR
Y\I]P]
N[R
KX\U]YWS[P
TO]R]T\J
YVEY\
.ZM
\MVMZUS]
\
KZM
S[OZK]F]
WT]S\ Y[P
6'
S[QZ
QZ
R[TZO[
R[
YZMY]UY[L
\MPZ
J
GU]
F]
S\N]XWS\D
/XS]
N[HZO\
WV
NXZL[T[X\
/XS
S[Q\
WZ
WVNX[UWU]T\
:@9?
\MR]
FZYZ \M
PZ<V
?YS]XZ
\
?U\YZ
S[Q\
WV
R[TZO\
R[
)\
J
I\BZTZ
\O\
YZ
TZXVQZ
V
FZYZ
TZO\SZ
]PK\I\J X\G
S[JO[YR[YWS[L
WN[X]MVP]
\M
6'6
2[
U[P
QZ
K\CZ
\MXZGZU]Y
PZI\P]
\O\
S][
GU[
WZ
U[ WN[
X]MVPV
6&
QZ
[WY[T]Y]
;ZNVKO\S]
9\
N]X
TZC
R[L]<]O[
S\RY]N[T]Y
PVHZY
\
WN]BZY S][
YZM]T\WY]
RXE]T]
VM
L]X]YI\QV
1Z
O\SZ
3VXWS]
M]QZRY\I]
Y\S]R]
YZCZ
M]K[X]T\U\
[Y[ .X\
U]Y\QZ
/XHSZ
\
3VXWSZ
.X\
U]Y
WS\
WUX]
J
GU[
Q[Q
QZ
H\FZY[
S][
Y\
UZX[X\WU\HSZ
Y]
N]RZ UZG
S\
\YUZXZW\
[W\LVX]Y\
WV
RTZP]
T[Q
Y\P
K]
J
M]
P]
Y]
[WUXTV
]
NX\WVWUT[
/XHSZ
\
3VXWSZ
S[Q\P]
QZ
K\O]
\MO[EZY]
[R
WUX]YZ
[TZ
[XL]J [KZ
MKZ<ZY[
QZ
X]WN[XZ<\T]FZP
S[Y
U\YLZY]U]
Y\M]I\QZ
S[Q]
WZ
Y]
U]Q
Y]H\Y
K[X\O]
M]
[WUJ [R
6'
LXHS\D
\
&'
UVXWS\D
T[Q
Y\S]
9\N]XWS\
T]XZFZ
WT[Q\D
TZO\S\D
]PK\I\Q]
9\
N]X
WS\ /XI\
WV
K\O\
N[RZBZY\
V
WU]
TV
NXZP]
WN[X]MVJ
3VXI\
WV
WU[L]
N[UNVY[
WTZWY\
MY]
H]Q]
\ PV
R[S
WV
S\N]XWS\
3VX
I\
N[RXE]T]O\
7WU]T
WUT]XY\D
I\BZT]
[T\D
UZX[X\W
U\HS\D
]SI\Q] S[
Q\
Y\QZ
K\[
R]U
Y]
XZ+ZXZYRVPZ
@KZ
M]QZR
J
9\N]XWS\
3VXI\
CZ
W
LYVG]FZP
[RL[T[X\U\ Y\
IZ
WV
[NUV
E\
T]
OZ
[YV
RXVLV
M]
NX]TBZFZ
M]
J
O\
D]
[XVEQ]
\
+[XP\X]FZ
YZMT]Y\HY\D
Y]
[XV
J
Y]
UZ
]SI\QZ
S[QZ
Y\WV
R[K]X
MY]S
M]
KVRVC
J
E]
Y\D
K]Y
R\#
V

QZRY[P
UXZYVUSV
NXZ
WU\I]F]
Y[WU
XZNVKO\SZ
9\N]X YZ
M]T\W
Y[
WU\
.X\U]YI\
WV
M]X[K\O\
KX[R
"8Z
J
-]S]X\[W0& P[X]
[WVR\U\
UZ
N[RVDT]UZ
UZ
J Y\M!
S[
Q\
QZ
R[T[M\[
[XVEQZ
Y]
[WUXT[
X[
X\WU]
S[Q\
WV
[R]KX]O\
WPXU
\
WUX]D
3[ =]S[Y
RTZ
L[R\YZ
X]WUVC\D
UZYM\Q]
[MK\BY]
QZ
YVEY[
MK[L
U[L]
GU[
WV
[Y\
W]R]
M]VMZO\ X]WNX]T]
[S[
7WU]T]
WUT[X\O]
QZ
V
RZIZPKXV
T]EYZ
N[M\I\QZ
6&
]UP[W+ZXV
V
S[Q[Q
WV
\MK\O\
Y]W\OY\
WV
J
Nacak0 KX

[SU[K]X
6& S[
K\
\MPZ<V
S\N]XWS\D
/XS]
\
S\
N]X
WS\D
3V
X]
J
S]
\Y\Q]
N[RZOZ
N[MY]U]
S][
HL>HLGKL>JGJ=K
S[
Q]
QZ
NX[O]M\O]
SX[M
=\
S[
M\
QV
N[TVHZY]
QZ
V
0&
-]S]X\[W
III *66,
WUVR\X][
Y]
9\NXV
V
Q]
YV]XV
6&(
8[
MY]UY[L
NXZ
PZGU]F]
WU]
Y[T
J
?U\Y\
\
.[WU[YV
N[U[P
WZ
6(
L[R\YZ
TX]U\[
Y]
Y\G
UT]
NXZUZEY[
S\
N]X
WS\D
3VX]S]
R[GO[
QZ
9\N]X
2[WOZ
WPXU\
-]S]X\[W]
II
W]

L[R\Y]
6&&(
=[
\
N[
XZR
U[L]
[S[
'
S\N]XWS\D
N[WU][
Y]QPO]<\
S\N]XWS\
]XD\ZN\WS[N
*6',
.X\U]YI\
WV
L]
NX[LY]O\
Y]
AZQGZOZ
6'&J6' 3V
X]S]
Y]WU]
T\
O[
QZ
R]
E\T\
PZ<V
S\N]XWS\P
>M]KX]Y
QZ
M]
NXT[L
NXZRWZRY\S]
YZM]T\WYZ /XI\P]
R[
QV
O]
6(
S]R]
QZ
Y]S[Y
RXE]TY[L
;ZNVKO\SZ
9\N]X
*Y]
\MK[X\P]
[RXE]Y\P

RZIZPJ VR]
X]
V
[X
L]Y\M]I\Q\
LXHSZ
T[QYZ
DVYUZ
NX[U\T
KX]
6'6,
]
6&
L[R\YZ
PO]R]
;ZNVKO\S]
QZ
M]DJ PZ
<V
Y]
X[RY[
NX\MY]UZ
TO]RZ
GU[
QZ
\M]MT]O[
T]BVQVC\
FZPV
NX\WUVN\O]
2[SXZUV
YZWTXWU]Y\D
7 T[Q
YV
\YUZXTZYI\QV
3VXWSZ
&'
S\
N]X
WS\D
RXE]TY[P
VR]XV
'
QVO]
6(
L[R\YZ
S[Q\
QZ
\MTZO] /XS]
Y]NVWU\O[
R[P[TZ
KZEZC\
NXZR
UVX
WS[P
LXHS]
T[QY]
DVYU]
-]S]X\[W
III QZ
WTXLYVU
W
TO]WU\ T[QWS[P
>
LVK\I\
V
BVRWS\P
E\
T[
U\
P]
K\O\
WV
7WNZ[
QZ
R]
N[KZLYZ
V
[YR[Y
=]S[Y
U[L]
WV TZ
C\
YZL[
X]Y\QZ
.X\U]YWS]
TO]
R]
QZ
6'
R[
J
VWOZR\OZ
UVXWSZ
\YT]M\QZ
06
QVO]
\
'
]TLVWU]
\ MT[
O\O]
R]
WZ

S\
N]X
WS\D
3VX]S]
S[Q\
WV
[WUXT[
QZ
N[RZBZY[
-]S]X\[W
WZ
TX]U\[
Y]
9\N]X N[UX]E\O\
VU[H\GUZ
V
FZ
Y\P
T[QY\P
K]M]P]
RZIZPKX]
6(
]
VPX[
QZ

]TLVWU]
6
L[R\YZ NXZWZO\
V
[KO]WU\
N[R
UVXWS[P
S[YUX[O[P
3[
0
Nacak *AZS\X],
QZ
K\[
YZRZBY\S
S[Q\
QZ
\MO]M\[ QZ
VHTXWU\O[
NX[
IZW
+\M\HS[L
X]MRT]Q]F]
M]
J
[R
6'6
R[
6&
L[R\YZ
>MR]T][
L]
QZ
;]V+
8ZY
S
J QZR
Y\I]
S[QZ
WV
R[
6'
E\TZOZ
M]QZRY[
V
NX\
J
U]G
]PK\I\[MY\
Y]I\[Y]O\WU\HS\
N[O\U\H]X
S[Q\
QZ KO\
E
Y[
\WU[P
NX[IZYUV
G\X[P
IZO[L
[WUXT]
S]
X\QZXV
M]N[HZ[
NZRZWZU\D
L[R\Y]
M]O]EVC\
WZ
M] 9\
N]XWS\
/XI\
\
S\N]XWS\
3VXI\
WV
WZ
X]M
RT[
J
WUT]X
S\N]XWS\D
3VX]S]
8ZYSU]G
WZ
WVNX[UWU]TB][
Q\
O\
]
V
[KZ
M]QZRY\IZ
\P]
PY[L[
X]
WZ
BZ
Y\D
VPZ
XZY[Q
N[O\U\I\
]M\O]
9VHVS]
NXT[L
N[UNXZR
J
[W[
K]
V
W[NWUTZY[Q
MZPB\
WZR
Y\S]
;ZNVKO\SZ
9\N]X
>M]KX]Y
6&
L[R\YZ
M]
NXZR
WZRY\S]
3VXWSZ
NX\TXZRYZ
S[P[XZ
]
TXZPZ
WV
S[K]
RTZ
M]QZRY\IZ
Y]
9\NXV
[RO]M\[
QZ
V
3VXWSV 7N[XZR\
UZSWU[TZ
IVJ
IVJ
\
IVJ0
*6&J6&(
\
6&,
2XZRWU]TB][
QZ
UVXWSZ
9\NX]YZ
V
NXZL[T[X\P]
RTZ
M]QZRY\IZ
S[Q\
WV
WZ
[R
6&
L[
R\
J
\
N[SVG]Q
R]
X]MVPZG
N[M\I\QZ
S[QZ
YZ
T[R\O\
N[R
N[SX[T\UZBWUT[P
7=
2[WU][
QZ
T[
<] WV
V
F\P]
\MYZWZYZ
7MP\
V
[KM\X
\
UZSJ
S\N]XWS\D
3VX]S]
\
U[
K\[
\
0
L[R\YZ
S]R]
QZ
R[
J WU[TZ
IJ(0
\
IVJ&
NX\YZ[
[RK]I\T]FV
UXZCZ
TZXM\QZ
?Y]Y[T[L
NO]
Y]
KB6
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?
IV=B/AQO+NFOQ'LFPGJHM>Q?LM+NP( IV=B)AQ N@MLPKCI@Q 1L?JHNQ PHPCN@ODN

HPHMQO'QJNQJNPQ?OJP;QEPCMQ&MGMFP; KPIHPQOQI@NGKMJGOQ91 :(QB68*A
9]R]
YZS[
YZT\Y
R[WNZ
V
M]UT[X
U]Q
YZP] ]WU[Q
V
X]MT[QV
RXVGUT]
ZS[Y[PWSZ
UZG
J
GU]
R]
[HZSVQZ
@Y
W]P[
P[EZ
R]
HZS]
!LLL" S[CZ
Y]X]WOZ
RXVGUTZYZ
Y]NZU[WU\
\
[UT[
J
>
Q]
W]P
W]F][
W]Y
[
DXT]UWS[Q
RXE]TY[
J XZY\
PZ<VY]X[RY\
WVS[K\
\M]M\T]QV
RVK[SV
WU\
U]Q
W]Y
WZ
P[X]
[WUT]X\U\
R]
K\WP[ M]KX\YVU[WU
V
Y]G[Q
MZPB\
3ZGS]
SX\M]
QZ
P[LO\
SXZYVU\
R]BZ
\
N[HZU\
R]
RZO\P[ M]DT]U\O]
YZ
W]P[
N[O\U\HS\
\
NX\TXZRY\
WVRK\YV
H\U]T[L
[WU]O[L
WTZU]
]
PZYZ
QZ W\WUZP
TZC
\
IZO[SVNY\
Q]TY\
N[XZR]S
RXE]T]
W]P[
YZ\MKZEY[
MO[
3[
T]E\
\
M] MZPBZ
AT]S[RYZTYZ
WV
N[Q]TZ#
YZ
X]R
\
DXT]UWSV
RXE]TV
?O\
U]Q
WZ
W]Y
P[X]
[WUJ YZR[L[T[XY[WU
Y]
N[WOV
S[XVNI\Q]
\
YZN[J
T]X\U\
\
U[
S][
VYVUX]GFZ
N\U]FZ
3ZS U\M]P
[RWVWUT[
NX]TYZ
W\LVXY[WU\
K\X[
J
U]R]
CZ
P\YVU\
U]
TZS[TY]
EZB]
!LLL" \
U]R SX]U
WS]
W]P[T[B]
YZN[GU[T]FZ
M]
S[
Y]
CZP[
N[HZU\
R]
W]F]P[
QZR]Y
RXVL\
W]Y
X]WUVCZ
YZN[TZXZFZ
PZ<V
BVR\P]
\
WTZ
W]Y
NX[U\T
RXE]TZ KZM[KM\XY\Q\
\YR\T\RV]OY\
\
LXVNY\
ZL[\
J
Gotovac
WUX
06
'6 M]P
;]WN]R]FZ
P[X]OY\D
TXZRY[WU\
\
VLOZR]
T[RZC\D
VWU]Y[T]
RXVGUT]
YZN[
TZ
J
9X]QZP
GZMRZWZU\D
L[R\Y]
Y]
HZOV
XZFZ
V
WN[W[KY[WU
[Y\D
S[Q\
R[Y[WZ
[ROVSZ
%XT]UWSZ
WV
K\O\
XZO]U\TY[
PO]R\
S[
J NX]CZY\
WV
]N]U\Q[P
\
[L[XHZFZP
Y]X[R]
PVY\WU\HS\
+VYSI\[YZX\
A]TS]
8]KHZ
T\CJ [UV<ZFZP
H[TZS]
[R
WT\D
Y[W\O]I]
\
W\PK[J
9VH]X
\
-\S]
3X\N]O[
@Y\
WV
EZOZO\
TZCV O]
Q]TY[L
N[XZUS]
@KQZSU\TY[
\WN\U\T]
FZ
W]P[WU]OY[WU
%XT]UWSZ
V
[ST\XV
4VL[
WO]
T\QZ QVL[WO[TZYWSZ
WUT]XY[WU\
R[NVGU]
P[LVC
J
\
N[SVG]T]O\
WV
R]
VTZRV
T\GZ
RZ
P[
SX]U
J Y[WU
R]
WZ
W]R]GF]
SX\M]
M]TXG\
W[
I\
Q]O
J

WS\D
WO[K[R]
V
[ST\X\P]
N[WU[QZCZ
S[PVY\W
J Y\P
N[UXZW\P]
W]
YZW]LOZR\T\P
N[W
OZ
R\
I]
J
U\H
SZ
TO]R]T\YZ
3]Q
N[SXZU
QZ
N[NV
O]X
Y[ P]
YZ
\WSBVHVQVC\
Y\
U]S[
S]U]
WUX[
+]O]Y
Y]M
T]Y
"DXT]UWS[
NX[BZCZ!
]
N[
YZ
S]R
\ \WD[R
S][
GU[
QZ
X]WN]R
QVL[
WO[
TZYWSZ
-?A2@9
>P][
QZ
PY[L[
NX\WU]O\I]
Y]X
[
J RXE]TYZ
M]QZRY\IZ
2XZR
[Y\P
GU[
WZ
H\U[
PZ<V
WUVRZYU\P]
@S[YH]Y
QZ
N[
HZU
S[P MK\T]
\
GU[
WZ
P[EZ
R[L[R\U\
Y\S[
YZP]
WZ
R]PRZWZU\D
S]R]
QZ
3\U[
W
TO]WU\
VSO[Y\[
NX]T[
R]
M]UT]X]
[H\
A]TSV
8]KHZT\CJ9VH]X
\
-\SV
3X\
N]
O]
]
!LLL" 7
U[PZ
RVDV
QZ
XZGZFZ
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
N\
J
PY[
LZ
F\D[TZ
NX\WU]O\IZ
Y]X[H\U[
\YUZOZSJ
UV]OIZ
N[WO][
V
M]UT[X
4ZR]Y
[R
[WV
<ZY\S] U]F]
+[XPVO\W][
\
UZ[X\QWS\
X]MT\[
ANZ
J
K\[
QZ
\
N\W]I
1O]R[
/[U[T]I
S[
Q\
QZ
(
L[R\YZ X]YW
*9]XRZB0,
V
SF\M\
Razvoj slovenskega
NX[TZ[
V
M]UT[XV
AU]X]
/X]R\GS] narodnog vrpra{anja6 S[Q]
QZ
VLO]TY[P
N[
J
WOVE\O]
S][
\RZQY\
[KX]M]I
X]MT[Q]
4VL[
J

WO]T\QZ
S]
S[Y+ZRZX]I\Q\
WVTZXZY\D
XZ
NVK
J
O\S]
\
N[SX]Q\Y]
GU[
QZ
Y]QM]R
\
[WUT]XZY[
U]
QZ
N\W]I
DUZ[
R]
S]EZ
UTXRF[P
R]
M]
FZL]
"RXE]T]
Y\QZ
Y\GU]
RXVL[ 7WU]T[P
\M
6(
L[R\YZ
R[
YZ\MKZEY[
MO[!5
U]
P\WO\G
[ 8TZ
Y]QX]MT\QZY\QZ
XZNVKO\SZ06 S[QZ
WV
[T\P
N]X]R[SWV
R]
QZ
YZS[
[WV<ZY
S][
YZNX\J 7WU]T[P
[WUT]X\OZ
WT[QZ
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
NX[J
Q]UZB
RXE]TZ
M]U[
GU[
WZ
K[X\[
M] LX]PZ
Y]WUVN]QV
R]Y]W
S][
VN[XY\
KX]Y\[I\
DXT]UWSV
RXE]TV5
8]
O\
QZ
WUT]X]FZ N[WU[QZCZL
W\WUZP]
]DT]BVQVC\
N[O\U\H
J
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
RXE]TZ
YVEY\
S[X]S
S]
N[UJ S[P
N[O[E]QV
WT[Q\D
O\RZX]
V
IZYUX\P]
N[
J
NVY[P
YZWU]Q]FV
RXE]TZ5 O\
U\HSZ
P[C\
[Y\
WV
\
NXZ
\
N[WOZ
NXZO[PJ
Y\D
GZMRZWZU\D
L[R\Y]
\P]OZ
\Y\I\Q]U\TV
V
0
:RT]XR
9]XRZB
*6J66,
QZ
K\[
WO[TZY]HS\
VH\UZB
S[Q\
QZ
NX\G][
S[PVY\WU\HS[P
N[SXZUV
\
N[WU][
QZR]Y
[R
Y]QT\G\D
XVS[T[R\O]I]
S[PVY\WU\HSZ
4VL[WO]T\QZ
@Y
QZ
K\[
LO]TY\
\RZ[O[L
U\U[\MP]
S[Q\
WZ
M]O]L][
M]
Q]H]FZ
+ZRZX]O\MP]
06
AO[TZY\Q]
\
%XT]UWS]
KB1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
WT\P
N\U]F\P]
N[O\U\HS[L
\
NX\TXZRY[L O\S\
KX[Q
AXK]
TZC\
[R
VSVNY[L
KX[Q]
NX\J
W\WUZP]
2[
WT[Q[Q
PZX\
\
N[UXZK]P]
[YZ
WV N]RY\S]
N[QZR\Y\D
RXVL\D
Y]X[R]
2XZP]
SX[Q\OZ
RXVGUTZY[
\
ZS[Y[PWS[
VXZ<ZFZ N[N\WV
\M
6
L[R\YZ
T]Y
UZX\U[X\QZ
A;
4VL[WO]T\QZ AXK\QZ
E\T\
0(
[RWU[
[RY[WY[
6'
!LLL" A
[KM\X[P
Y]
N[WU[QZCZ
[KO\SZ
Y]I\[
J AXK]
GU[
QZ
MY]UY[
T\GZ
YZL[
GU[
QZ
V
4VL[
J
Y]OYZ
R\WSX\P\Y]I\QZ
R]Y]GF]
4VL[WO]
T\
J WO]T\Q\
AO[TZY]I]
?OK]Y]I]
-]SZR[Y]I]
Q]
WZ
YZ
P[EZ
WP]UX]U\
P[RZXY[P
\
RZP[
J VMZU\D
N[QZR\Y]HY[
]
WS[X[
\WU[
S[O\S[
\
SX]UWS[P
RXE]T[P -VWO\P]Y]
!LLL" 7
U[Q
WTZUO[WU\
4VL[WO]T\Q]
WZ
YZ
NX\
J !LLL" 7WN[WU]TB]FZ
NVY[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\
SVOJ
S]MVQZ
S][
M]QZRY\I]
X]TY[NX]TY\D
LX]<]Y] UVXY[L
\YUZLX\UZU]
WXNWS[L
Y]X[R]
YZM]
J
\O\
X]TY[NX]TY\D
Y]X[R]
\
Y]X[RY[WU\ T\WY[
[R
U[L]
V
S[Q[Q
WZ
XZNVKO\I\
\O\
YZL[
S][
M]QZRY\I]
[W]P
X]TY[NX]TY\D
UZ
J N[SX]Q\Y\
Y]O]M\[
FZL[T[
QZ
\WU[X\QWS[
\
X\
U[X\Q]
>N]S
Y\
[T]
X]TY[NX]TY[WU
YZ
T]
J RZP[
SX]UWS[
NX]T[
E\
M]
AXK\QV
MK[L
FZY[L
N[WZKY[L
NX]TY[
J !LLL" ;]R\
M]R[T[BZF]
OZL\U\PY\D
\YUZXZW]
N[O\U\HS[L
N[O[E]Q]
S[Q\
[RX]E]T]
UZEFZ AXK\QZ
YZ\MKZEY[
WZ
Y]PZCZ
XZT\M\Q]
U[L
R]
WZ
WXNWS\
Y]X[R
RXE\
N[R
WU]OY[P
S[YJ 7WU]T]
?VU[Y[PYZ
N[SX]Q\YZ
K\
P[
X]
OZ
UX[O[P
>RZQ]
T[R\B]
U]STZ
N[O\U\SZ
K\O] N[WU]U\
NX]T\
W]WU]TY\
RZO[T\
;Z
NVK
O\SZ
QZ
"WO]K]
AXK\Q]
Q]S]
4VL[
WO]
T\Q]!
S[Q]
QZ AXK\QZ
U]S[
GU[
K\
\P
WZ
R][
[Y]Q
WUZ
NZY
Y]NXZR[T]O]
V
VU\I]QY[
P\G
BZ
FZ#
]S[
K\ ]VU[Y[P\QZ
S[Q\
YZ
Y]XVG]T]
\YUZ
LX\
UZU
;Z
J
WZ
AXK\P]
S][
Y]QKX[QY\Q[Q
Y]I\Q\
R[MT[O\[ NVK
O\SZ
\
[KZMKZ<VQZ
[WUT]X\T]FZ
[NGU\D
KXM
ZS[Y[PWS\
X]MT[Q
U[
K\
NXZRWU]TB]O[ \YUZXZW]
G\XZ
M]QZRY\IZ
[N]WY[WU
M]
[WU]OZ
Y]I\QZ
@UVR]
S[X\G
CZ
J =ZXZGZY[
N\U]FZ
RXE]TY[WU\
AXK\QZ
Y\QZ
FZ
WT\D
P[LVCY[WU\
R]
WZ
FZY[P
NX\TXZRJ QZR\Y\
YZR[WU]U]S
S[Q\
K\
UXZK]O[
[USO[Y\J
Y[P
X]MT[QV
\
N[O\U\HS[Q
S[YW[O\R]I\Q\
N[
J U\
VWU]TY\P
NX[PZY]P]
4VL[WO]T\Q]
QZ
W]
WU]
TZ
GU[
TZC]
[LX]Y\
HZ
F]
4ZRY[
[R
U]S
J 7WU]T[P
\M
6(
L[R\YZ
N[WU]O]
TZ[P]
O]
J
T\D
TZ[P]
]SVUY\D
[LX]
Y\
HZF]
QZWUZ
W]
J K]
T]
RXE]TY]
M]QZRY\I]
V
S[Q[Q
WZ
X]M
P\G
J
R]G
F\
YZRZ+\Y\W]Y\
\
NVY
VYVUX]GF\D B]
\
[
RXVL\P
]OUZXY]U\T]P]
]
YZ
W]
P[
S[Y
+O\S]U]
VWU]TY\
N[
O[
E]Q
AXK\QZ QVL[WO[TZYWS[Q
S][
GU[
N[S]MVQV
WS[
X]G
FZ
!LLL" @RY[W\
\MPZ<V
AXK\QZ
\
N[SX]Q\Y] YZ \MQ]TZ
WO[TZY]HS\D
Q]TY\D
N[WOZY\S]
\
P[LV
WZ
WTZWU\
QZR\Y[
]
Y\
NXZUZEY[
Y] X]Y\Q\
WU]T[T\
P]SZR[YWS\D
N[O\
U\
H]X]
+[XP]OY[JNX]TY]
UVP]HZF]
RT]
VWU]T] @T]ST]
X]MP\GB]F]
\
UZPZBY[
\MTX
GZY]
;ZH
QZ
NXTZYWUTZY[
[
WXNWS[P
Y]X[RV
\
FZ
J RZM\YUZLX]I\Q]
Y]T[RZ
Y]
N[
P\W][
R]
4VL[
J
L[
T[Q
RXE]T\
=]I\Q]
S[Q]
QZ
N[WOZ
RVLZ
\ WO]
T\Q\
NXZU\
[N]WY[WU
[R
R]
BZL
X]WU[
H\
J
SXT]TZ
K[XKZ
N[Y[T[
R[GO]
R[
WT[QZ
RXE]
J T]
F]
AXNWS\
Y]X[R
YZ
P[
EZ
WN[S[QY[
[HZ
J
TZ
S[Q]
WZ
W]P]
\MK[X\O]
\
M]
LX]<]YWSV
RZ
J S\T]U\
KVRVCY[WU
V
U]ST[Q
YZ\MTZWY[WU\
P[
SX]U\QV
\
S[Q]
QZ
V
N[WOZRF]
RT]
X]U]0 K[L
U[L]
WZ
P[X]
[UT[X\U\
P[LVCY[WU
WT\P
\MLVK\O]
0'
P\O\[Y]
WVY]X[RY\S]
R[E\
TZ
J Y]I\Q]P]
V
4VL[WO]T\Q\
R]
WZ
\MQ]WYZ
[
WT[J
O]
QZ
R]
Q[Q
QZRY]
]N]X]UWS\
W]WU]TBZY]
N]XJ Q\P
UZEF]P]
\
Y]PZX]P]
U\QWS]
S[P\W\Q]
VUTXR\
R]
N[WOZ
HZU\X\ !LLL" .ZM
X]TY[NX]TY[L
VHZGC]
WXNWS[L
Y]X[J
RZIZY\QZ
V
Y[T[Q
4VL[WO]T\Q\
QZR\Y[
[Y] R]
\
AXK\QZ
V
H\U]T[P
NX[IZWV
R[Y[GZF]
\
YZP]
WT[QV
RXE]TV
/[X\
\WU[X\QWS\
N[X]M
V XZ]O\M]I\QZ
WT\D
T\U]OY\D
[ROVS]
4VL[
WO]
J
P\XV
YZ
R]
WZ
M]P\WO\U\ T\Q]
YZ
P[EZ
K\U\
WY]EY]
]
W]P
FZY
[N
J
!LLL" .\UYV
UZE\YV
N\U]F]
N[O[E]Q]
WXNWS[L WU]Y]S
S][
RZP[SX]UWSZ
\
W[I\Q]O\WU\HSZ
Y]X[R]
R]QZ
[S[OY[WU
R]
\MT]Y
AXK\QZ
]
N[
J M]QZRY\IZ
R[G][
K\
V
N\U]FZ
L[U[T[
\MT]Y
VEZ
AXK\QZ
E\T\
TZ[P]
TZ
J 4ZRY]
X]MT[QY]
ZN[D]
QVL[WO[TZYWSZ
M]QZRJ

9[W[T[
\
1[QT[R\Y]

7WU]T\
4VL[WO]T\QZ
\
XZNVKO\SZ
AXK\QZ
0
.X[Q
WXNWS\D
EXU]T]
V
RT]
WTZUWS]
X]U]
QZ
TZ[P]
S[YUX[TZXM]Y
KB<
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?
Y\IZ
\
AXK\QZ
[H\LOZRY[
WZ
[S[YH]T]
W] IV=B%AQ1GPFQ1EMFNKP;PQMQ?OGP5IQDN<OHPQI
\WU[X\QWS\
\WUX[GZY[P
\RZ[O[L\Q[P
[NG
J HM@IKOJGO2HMDQ I>MJEPFODOQB680A
U[P
WU]LY]I\Q[P
\
WTZ
\MX]EZY\Q\P
XZLXZW\J
Q]P]
V
ZS[Y[PWS[Q
N[O\U\HS[Q
P[X]OY[Q
\ @RY[W\
V
4VL[WO]T\Q\
K\
KZM
WVPFZ
K\O\
SVOVUXY[JI\T\O\M]I\QWS[Q
W+ZX\
3]ST[ \RZ]OY\
R]
AO[TZYI\
MY]QV
WXNWS[DXT]U
J
WU]FZ
\PNZX]U\TY[
Y]O]EZ
S[XZY\UZ
RV
J WS\
]
P[ER]
H]S
\
WXNWS\
\
DXT]UWS\
S][
K[S[
NX[P\GBZYZ
Y]VHY[
M]WY[T]YZ
\ N[WZKYZ
QZM\SZ
]
N[
P[LVCWUTV
\
P]SZR[YWJ
[ROVHY[
WNX[T[<ZYZ
XZ+[XPZ
IZO[SVNYZ S\
R]
AXK\
\
%XT]U\
L[T[XZ
WO[TZY]HS\
\
RXE]T
YZ
WUXVSUVXZ
\
RXVGUTZYZ
[XL]Y\J P]SZR[YWS\
\
R]
-]SZR[YI\
MY]QV
N[XZR
M]I\QZ
QVL[WO[TZYWSZ
M]QZRY\IZ
Y]X[R]
]
V WT[L
\
Q[G
YZS\
QZM\S
AO[TZYI\
WZ
UXVRZ
W+ZX\
RZP[SX]UWS[L
W[I\Q]O\MP]
\
KXEZL
\ R]
U[
[WUT]XZ
V
NX]SW\
=]
NX\PZX
WO[
TZ
J
NO[R[UT[XY\QZL
VSBVHZF]
V
W]TXZPZYV
I\
J Y]H
S]
RZI]
V
[WY[TY[Q
GS[O\
P[X]QV
R]
VHZ
T\
O\M]I\QV
!LLL" WXNWS[DXT]UWS\
QZM\S
AXK\
\
%XT]U\
PZ
J
www.haverford.edu/relg/sells/reports/
<V
U\P
[K\HY[
YZ
VHZ
WO[TZY]HS\
V
[WY[T
J
memorandumSANU.htm
Y[Q
GS[O\
3[
MY]H\
R]
WZ
P\
YZWTZWY[
M]
J
O]
EZ
P[
M]
QZRY[WUX]Y\
NX\WUVN
N\
U]
FV
QZ
J
-ZP[X]YRVP
A?=7
QZ
K\[ M\H
SZ
X]TY[NX]TY[WU\
AO[TZY]HS\
QZ
QZ
J
[KQ]TBZY
V
H8HF4J@L GIBIEDJ@K M\S
RXVL[L
XZR]
V
4VL[WO]T\Q\
U[
QZ
H\FZ
J
6&
@R
U]R]
QZ
SX\U\S[T]Y
S][
N[O\J Y\
I]
S[QV
N[UTX<VQZ
\
N[TXGY[
\WN\U\T]FZ
U\HS]
NO]U+[XP]
WXNWS[L
Y]I\[Y]O\MP] W\UV]I\QZ
\
[
S[Q[Q
WTZR[HZ
Y]
D\
B]
RZ
G]
J
\
S][
NX[LX]P
M]
WUT]X]FZ
1ZO\SZ O]
\
T\IZT]
AXK\
\
%XT]U\
WV
WTZWY\
U[L]
AXK\QZ
\
[WY[T]
N[O\U\SZ
AO[K[R]Y] R]
\P
MY]FZ
WO[TZY]HS[L
Y\QZ
YZ[ND[RY[
-\O[GZT\C]
\
X]U[T]
6J\D
?VU[X\ 7
WVWXZUV
W]
AO[TZYI\P]
T\
RZ
O\
WV
S]S[
-ZP[X]YRVP]
L[T[X\O\
WV
R]
WZ
X]R\O[ WV
[Y\
V
TZ
C\
Y\
WOVH]QZT]
WNXZPY\
R]
\P
WZ
[
YZR[TXGZY[P
R[SVPZYUV
S[Q\
QZ [KX]C]QV
Y]
F\D[T[P
QZ
M\
SV
1ZXVQZP
R]
K\
[KQ]TBZY
R]
K\
WZ
[P[LVC\[
Y]N]R
Y] %XT]U\
\
AXK\
S]R]
K\WUZ
\P
XZSO\
R]
WXNWSV
\YUZOZSUV]OYV
ZO\UV
@Y\
WZ UXZK]
R]
Y]VHZ
WO[TZY]HS\
WZK\
N[
WU]
T\
J
Y\WV
[RXZSO\
\RZQ]
S[QZ
WV
WZ
Y]O]M\OZ O\
W]WT\P
O[L\HY[
N\
U]FZ#
"]GU[
R]
VH\P
V
-ZP[X]YRVPV
GU[
QZ
[P[LVC\O[ WO[TZ
Y]H
S\
S]R]
U[
TXZPZ
P[LV
R]
\WS[J
FZL[TV
MO[VN[UXZKV
V
Y]I\[Y]O\WU\HS[Q X\WU\P
M]
VHZFZ
QZM\S]
S[Q\
CZ
P\
K\U\
P[K\O\M]I\Q\ N[UXZKY\Q\
QZM\S]
S[Q\
K\D
P[L][
R]
S[X\WJ
U\P
V
WT]S[
RYZTY[P
E\T[UV
\
[R
S[L]
CZ
NXZWVRY[
M]
T\W\U\
P[Q
K[B\U]S
\
Y]NXZR]S
V
E\T[UV5!
-Y[L\
AO[TZYI\
Y]X[H\U[
[Y\
S[Q\
X]RZ
V
W]TZMY[Q
]RP\Y\WUX]I\Q\
R[E\TB]T]QV
2[SVG]Q
R]
X]MVPZG
M]GU[
WZ
V
UZSJ MY]FZ
WXNWS[DXT]UWS[L
S][
WT[QV
P[X]OYV
WUV
UTXR\
R]
WZ
3\U[
UXVR\[
R]
[LX]Y\H\
WXNWS\
VU\I]Q
V
4VL[WO]T\Q\
8] [K]TZMV
WTZ
V
Y]R\
R]
CZ
TO]WU\U\P
NX\
J
O\
QZ
U[
H\Y\[
MK[L
U[L]
GU[
QZ
V
PZ<VX]UJ PZ
X[P
N[RWU]C\
\
RXVLZ
LX]<]YZ
4VL[WO]
J
Y[P
NZX\[RV
TZO\S[WXNWS]
N[O\U\S] T\QZ
R]
Y]VHZ
WO[TZY]HS\
3[
QZ
PZ<VU\P
\M]M\T]O]
Y]NZU[WU\5
8]
O\
QZ N[LXZGY[
N[O]M\GUZ
\
AO[TZYI\
K\
S][
\
YZL[R[T]FZ
HO]Y[T]
A?=7
K\O[
[NX]TJ RXVL\
UXZK]O[
WZK\
R]
N[WU]TZ
WOZRZCZ
R]Y[5
2X[IZY\
Y]
[WY[TV
[Y[L]
GU[ N\U]FZ#
"]GU[
K\D
Q]
VH\[
WXNWS[DXT]UWS\
MY]G
R]
O\
WV
U]ST[L
P\GBZF]
K\O\
\ ]S[
U[
TXZPZ
P[LV
\WS[X\WU\U\
R]
Y]VH\P
NXZRWU]TY\I\
RXVL\D
QVL[WO[TZYWS\D YZS\
S[X\WY\Q\
QZM\S5
]GU[
AO[TZYI\
XZNVKO\S]5 VPZ
WU[
WXNWS[DXT]UWS[L
YZ
K\
VH\O\
ZYLOZ
W
S\
YZP]HS\
\O\
XVWS\5!
K;E
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
@RL[T[X
OZE\
V
WUX]DV
S[Q\
NX]U\
AO[
TZY
J IV=B*AQ PDJHPQ CNHEPLP;ODPQ 1EMFNKP2HM>
IZ
TZC
D\B]R]P]
L[R\Y]
]P\WO\UZ
AO[
J CN@MHLPGJHM>QJPFN<PQ9B686:
TZY
I]
S[Q\
WZ
Y]O]M\
V
\Y[WUX]YWUTV
V
YZ
J
S[Q
R\NO[P]UWS[Q
\O\
T[QY[Q
RZOZL]I\Q\ 2[UN\WY\I\
[TZ
RZSO]X]I\QZ
\MQ]TBVQV
-[EZ
WZ
[RQZRY[P
Y]C\
N[UNVY[
W]P
NXZR WOZRZCZ#
WSVN[P
NXZRWU]TY\S]
WT[QZ
MZPBZ
S[Q\
L[
J
-\
EZO\P[
R]
E\T\P[
V
WVTZXZY[Q
RXE]
J
T[
XZ
W]P[
WXNWS[DXT]UWS\
@Y
QZR\Y[
P[EZ T\
WO[TZY]HS[L
Y]X[R]
R]
M]SBVH\
R]
WZ
M]UZS][
W
NXZRWU]TY\I\J 0
9][
WVTZXZY]
RXE]T]
P\
EZO\P[
R]
P]
9H@/HL AL CI=I=L EHL ;IBIFJL EF:ECI,FBKDL2 W]P\
[RXZ<VQZP[
V
S]ST\P
CZP[
[RY[W\P]
ECJ
]
YZ
WXNWSZ
\O\
DXT]UWSZ
Y]I\QZ
3]S[ K\U\
W]
QVL[WO[TZYWS\P
\
RXVL\P
Y]I\Q]P]
V
N\U]FZ
QZM\S]
N[WU]QZ
N\U]FZ
N]UX\[U\
J XZ+[XP\W]Y[Q
:TX[N\
MP]
N]
H]S
\
N\U]FZ
\MR]QWUT]
!LLL" A
[KM\X[P
Y]
\WU[X\QWSZ
]WN\X]I\QZ
?
W]R]
[Y[
Y]QT]EY\QZ#
S]S[
WZ
V[NGUZ
P[
J AO[TZY]I]
R]
KVRV
N[O\U\HS\
YZM]T\WY\
EZUZ
R\XZSUY[
[KX]U\U\
YZS[PZ
S[
QZ
NXZRJ WO[TZY]HS]
RXE]T]
CZ
K\U\
M]WY[T]Y]
Y]#
WU]TY\S
RXE]TZ
VS[O\S[
T]W
QZ
[KVMZ[ J
N[GU[T]FV
BVRWS\D
NX]T]
\
WO[K[R]
WUX]D5
AT]S[
QZ
\P][
U]ST[
\WSVWUT[
AU[
J J
RZP[SX]U\Q\
S[Q]
N[RX]MVPZT]
\
N[O\
U\H
J
QZC\
NXZR
S[P]YR]YU[P
NXZR
Y]RXZ<ZY\P S[
T\GZWUX]Y]HQZ
NXZR
WUX[L\P
VH\UZBZP

NXZ
\O\
S]WY\QZ J
RXVGUTZY[P
N[XZUSV
S[Q\
CZ
L]X]YU[T]U\
CZUZ
N[HZU\
R]
PVI]UZ
AO[TZYI\
PVI]QV P]UZX\Q]OY[
\
RVD[TY[
KO]L[WU]FZ
V
WSO]
J
QVL[WO[TZYWS\
QZM\S
A]P[
S[R
SVCZ
V
WT[Q[Q RV
W]
WUT]XY\P
VWO[T\P]
\
BVRWS\P
N[UZYJ
N[X[R\I\
\
V
R[P]C\P
\YWU\UVI\Q]P]
[Y\ I\Q]O\P]
LX]<]Y]
AO[TZY\QZ
P[LV
R]
L[T[XZ
UZHY[ Repe
WUX
6
3[
N[UTX<VQZ
YZ[K[X\T\
NX\YI\N
N[
S[P
BVR\
V
WO[EZY\P
RXE]T]P]
P[LV
K\U\
QZRJ 2XT]
[N[M\I\[Y]
N]XU\Q]
AO[TZYWS]
Y]S\
W]P[
]S[
MY]QV
RT]
\O\
T\GZ
QZM\S] RZP[SX]U\HY]
MTZM]
*AO[TZY]HS\
RZ
J
>M
U[L]
WZ
P[EZ
\MTVC\
QZRY[WUX]Y
M]SBV
J P[
SX]UWS\
W]TZM,
\MR]O]
QZ

P]Q]
66
H]S
S[Q\
W]P
V
WZK\
W]RXE\
NX[U\TXZHY[WU L[R\YZ
-]QWSV
RZSO]X]I\QV
7QZR\FZY
W]
QZX
XZS]TG\
U[
P\
WP[
XZSO\
R]
4VL[
WO]
J RXV
L\P
[N[M\I\[Y\P
N]XU\Q]P]
V
"8ZP[W!
T\Q]
Y\QZ
MZPB]
QZRY]S\D
Y]I\Q]
\
QZM\S]
\ A]TZM
QZ
N[KZR\[
Y]
\MK[X\P]
66
L[R\YZ
R]
W
[KM\X[P
Y]
U[
S]ST]
QZ
V
NX]SW\
[Y] -]QWSV
RZSO]X]I\QV
QZ
N[UN\W][
TZO\S\
KX[Q
RXVL\D
[N[M\I\[Y\D
N]XU\Q]
\
LXVN]
U[
\
YZ
P[EZ
N[WU]U\
2X[KOZP
QZM\S]
!LLL" YZ
VNVCVQZ
Y]
U[
R]
WO[
J
TZY]HS[
Y]I\[Y]OY[
N\U]FZ
N[H\FZ
W] ?Y]O\M\X]Q
UZSWU
N\U]FZP
QZM\S]
Stokes
WUX
0J0(
IV=B0AQIC7PEQOQKP;OMKPEO<P@Q#QJNP5N
U]
P\WO\G
[
YZM]R[T[BWUTV
AO[
J DNCKM>Q'LFPGJHM>QKPFODP2PQMQ?IGMFP5IQKP
TZ
Y]I]
MK[L
]W\PZUX\HY\D
[RY[W]
V
IGPH@O;IQ-PLGO<PKQ#QOKP@MQ9B686:
W]TZMY[Q
4VL[WO]T\Q\
S[Q]
QZ
WN[B]
LOZ
J
R]
Y[
K\O]
M]WY[T]Y]
Y]
X]TY[NX]TY[
J
2X\H]
WZ
R]
WV
Y]P
NX\NXZP\O\
U[NOZ
WZY
J
WU\5
8]
O\
QZ
K\O[
YZS[L
NX]SU\HY[L
RT\HZ
V
.Z[LX]RV
=\WV
WZ
UXZK]O\
UXVR\U\
XZGZF]
M]
U[
N\U]FZ5
?UP[W+ZX]
QZ
WTZ
U[NO\Q]
S]S[
QZ
YZWU]Q][
T\WS\
\
S[F]S
U]S[
QZ
X]WO[
\
X]WN[
O[
EZ
J
FZ
1]L[Y
QZ
K\[
\MO[EZY
]SVWU\HS[P
UZ
X[
J
XV#
">M
]LXZK]
LXVN]
I\QZO]
\
SXT
Y]P
QZ
NO]T[JK\QZO]!
]
Y\WV
\M[WU]OZ
Y\
Y]I\
[
J
Y]OY[
[K[QZYZ
NQZWPZ
\N]S
WZ
NVUVQZ
V
.Z[
J
K;K
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?
LX]R
]
V
[T[
VM]TXZO[
TX\QZPZ
NX\WVWUT[ %]QRVS]
"RZO\QZ!
Y]T\Q]H\
KZ[LX]RWSZ
RT]
NX\O\HY[
U[OZX]YUY]
P\O\I\[YZX]
Y\
QZ )XTZYZ
MTZMRZ
]
"LX[K]X\!
KZ[LX]RWS[L
2]X
J
X]MO[L
R]
WZ
YZ
[UNQZT]
W[YL
R[YZR]TY[
Q[G U\M]Y]
9]S[
QZ
X]WN]R
4VL[WO]T\QZ
K\
T][
WTZ
YZM]P\WO\T
M]
Q]TYV
VN[UXZKV#
"@Q
8\
Y]
P[ \MTZWY\Q\
U]S[
WV
UVHZ
+VRK]OWS\D
Y]T\Q]H]
N[L\YVU
CV
M]
UZ
S][
AUQZN]Y
;]R\C
M]
%XT]
J N[WU]Q]OZ
WTZ
EZGCZ
GU[
QZ
SVOP\
Y\
X]O[
Y]
UZ!
7
MX]SV
WZ
[WQZC]
Y]I\[Y]OY\
Y]
K[Q VU]SP\I\
8\Y]P[

)XTZY]
MTZM
R]
V
]LXZKV
WTZ
WZ
TXU\
[S[
8\Y]P]
]LXZK]
%XT]U
WSZ 66
L[R\YZ
N]
S]R
VN\U]UZ
00JL[R\GFZL
WUV
RZYU]
ZS[
J
Y[
P\QZ
\M
R[KX[
W\UV\X]YZ
[K\UZB\
M]GU[
NVUVQZ
V
.Z[LX]R
S]R
QZ
U[
R]Y]W
[N]WY[
\ U]
P\WO\G
M]GU[
QZ
+VRK]O
N[
J
S]R
\P
QZ
XZHZY[
R]
[WU]YV
S[R
SVCZ
KVRVC\ WU][
U]S[
MY]H]Q]Y
M]
\MX]E]T]FZ
ZS[Y[P\WU
CZ
XZC\#
"2VUVQZP[
QZX
T[O\P[ Y]
I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYU\UZU]5
]GU[
Y]T\J
QZR\Y\
NX]T\
M]LXZK]HS\
SOVK
QZX
Y]P
U[ Q]H\
N[P\FV
AUQZN]Y]
;]R\C]
\
AO[
K[
J
NX\H\F]
M]R[T[B
WUT[
]
VM
U[

VE\T]P[ R]Y]
-\O[GZT\C]5
@N\G\
Y]I\[Y]OYZ
UVC\
)\L]YZ!
?S[
\D
N\U]UZ
R]
O\
\P
QZ
U[ WVS[KZ
Y]
YZR]TY\P
+VRK]OWS\P
U]SP\
J
QZR\Y\
W]RXE]Q
S[Q\
\D
H\Y\
M]R[T[BY\P HZ
F\P]
U]
P\WO\G
P[EZ
O\
N[RXGS]
.XVY[
CZ
WZ
Y]WP\Q]U\
\
XZC\
R]
YZ
MY]
KX[Q] +VRK]OWS[P
SOVKV
R]
KVRZ
\MX]M
\
YZ
J
M]YZP]XZY\D
RQZ
T[Q]S]
MK[L
8\Y]P]
!LLL" S[L
RXVL[L
]
YZ
W]P[
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYJ
.O\MV
WP[
WU]R\[Y]
HVQZ
WZ
DVS
UX\K\Y] U\UZU]
XZI\P[
YZS[L
O[S]OY[L
\RZYU\
J
NXZ
S[
TXD[T]
2]XU\M]Y[T[L
S[O[W]
KBZ
G
U\ UZU]
S[Q\
QZ
S][
\
Y]I\[Y]OY\
YZN[P\X
J
R[P\Y]YUY]
SVN[O]
WTZU[W]TWS[L
DX]P]
> B\T
W
RXVL\P
O[S]OY\P
\RZYU\UZU[P5
4VL
QZ
TZC
NVY
LX[K]X]
VYRZXU]SZXW]
\
S]S[ -[EZG
O\
R]
Y]<ZG
YZSZ
NX\PZXZ
M]
U[
WZ
WTZ
YZ
M[TV
Y]SXI]Y
UX]YWN]XZYU\P]
V V
UT[Q[Q
MZPB\5
ZP[I\[Y]OY[P
KVY\OV
]
L[WUZ
\M
]
LXZK]
[H\GCZY
QZ
QZR]Y
WZN]XZ
KZM
P[LVC
Y[
WU\
R[
J V=B8AQ1?OJPGN+O;PQI7LPFHPQ>LN3O
R\
X]
?
2]XU\M]Y[T
QVL
LXP\#
"2]X
U\
M]Y MJIIDNQ?MCNENQOQLPGMFNQCNFNCNJNGO'
2]X
U\M]Y
U[
QZ
NX]T\
U\P
AO[K[R]Y
-\O[
J
GZ
T\C
N[Y[W\
WZ
F\P!
?O\
VTXZRZ
YZ
OZ
UZ 4ZW]P
O\
WZ
\S]R]
M]N\U]O]
S[O\S[
W]P
NX[
J
V
S[O\H\Y]P]
Y]
S[QZ
WP[
Y]T\SO\
N[W
BZR
J \MT[R
RVL[L[R\GFZL
+\Y[L
XVHY[L
X]R]
W\WJ
F\D
L[R\Y]
3V
WP[
WZ
X]WU]O\
W
...
QZX UZP]
V
S[QZP
W]P
E\TQZO]
]
S[O\S[
TO]
J
N[TX]U]S
QZ
VT\QZS
[N]WY\Q\
R\[
NVU]
=]\PZ WU\U\5
>
Y\W]P
O\
V
[T[P
UXZYVUSV
=>39@
U]R]
N[H\FV
[KX]HVY\
LX[K]X]
\
NVX
LZX]
N[ W]P[
KX[QS]
KZM
\RZYU\UZU]
Y\W]P
O\
]Y[
J
U]PY\P
VO\I]P]
]
ZN\O[L
QZ
[K\H
Y[
\WU\
Y\P
Y[
BVRWS[
PZW[
V
XVS]P]
L[WN[R]X]
X]
J
T\R\P[
WZ
S[R
WVI]
M]
NXZ
SXG]QZ
ATZ U]5
4ZX
[Y\
L[WN[R]X\
X]U]
V
P[QZ
\PZ
YZ
EZGCZ
WTZ
X]MVMR]Y\QZ
\
KZM
S[HY\I] N\U]QVC\
PZ
[ROVHVQV
V
S[Q[Q
CV
MZPB\
E\
J
www.badblueboys.hr TQZU\
S[Q\P
CV
QZM\S[P
N\W]U\
S[Q[Q
CV
SVOJ
UVX\
NX\N]R]U\
[ROVHVQV
D[CZ
O\
N[SO[Y\U\
>RZYU\UZU
WZ
HZWU[
\MX]E]T]
SX[M \O\
[RVMZU\
E\T[U
P[Q\P
KO\E
F\
P]
P[Q\P
N[RXGSV
YZS[P
WN[XUWS[P
SOVKV
7 NX\Q]UZB\P]
D[CZ
O\
WXVG\U\
P[
QZ
LX]
R[TZ
RXVGUT\P]
V
S[Q\P]
Y\QZ
R[MT[BZY[
Q]TY[ [ROVHVQV
[
Y]M\TV
P[QZ
VO\IZ
KX\
GV
P[QV
\WS]M\T]FZ
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
[WZC]F]
S]ST[
QZ NX[GO[WU
[RXZ<VQV
P[QV
W]R]GF[WU
!LLL"
K\O[
\
S[PVY\WU\HS]
4VL[WO]T\Q]
Y]T\Q]FZ Ugre{i}
WUX
0
M]
YZS\
+VRK]OWS\
SOVK
K\O[
QZ
Y]H\Y
R]
WZ
\MX]M\
TO]WU\U\
Y]I\[Y]OY\
\RZYU\UZU
@R 8VKX]TS]
7LXZG\C
X[<ZY]
6(6
N[MJ
HZU\X\
Y]QTZC]
+VRK]OWS]
SOVK]
V
4VL[
WO]
J Y]U]
]VU[XS]
X[P]Y]
Y]NVWU\O]
QZ
T\Q\
RT]
WV
K\O]
\M
%XT]UWSZ
]
RT]
\M %XT]U
WSV
66
L[R\YZ
MK[L
YZWO]L]F]
W
AXK\QZ
"Bad Blue Boys!
WV
Y]T\Q]H\
M]LXZK]H
J [RY[
W[P
NXZP]
X]UV
\
Y]I\[Y]OY[P
QZR\YJ
S[L
8\Y]P]
"U[XI\R]!
Y]T\Q]H\
WNO\UWS[L WUTV
S[QZ
QZ
NXZ[TO]R]T]O[
V
Q]TY[WU\
K;B
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
9[QZ
[WZC]FZ
\MX]E]T]
WN\W]UZB\J WV
L[
T[
X\
O\
AXK\
\
%XT]U\
Y]M\T]Y
QZ
WXNWS[
J
I]5
9]S[
WV
N[O\U\HSZ
NX[PZYZ
VU\J DX
T]U
WS\
*[RY[WY[
DXT]UWS[WXNWS\,
\
HZWU[
WV
I]OZ
Y]
E\T[U
[K\HY\D
BVR\5
8]
O\
N[
J WZ
P[
LO]
HVU\
UTX<ZF]
R]
QZ
V
N\U]FV
QZR]Y
QZ
J
O\
U\H]X\
X]MP\GB]QV
[
U[PZ
S]S[
CZ M\S
M]
S[Q\
WZ
S[X\WUZ
W]P[
X]MO\H\U]
N\WP]
3[
S[P
X]WN]R]
4VL[WO]T\QZ
\
WUT]X]F]
Y[
T\D
F\
D[TZ
[ROVSZ
VU\I]U\
Y]
E\T[UZ
BV
J
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
RXE]T]
V
NXT\
QZ
NO]Y
\M
K\O]
R\5
8]
O\
WZ
V
U[P
S[YUZSWUV
N[O\U\HS] \RZQ]
R]
WV
DXT]UWS\
\
WXNWS\
RT]
N[UNVY[
NX[N]L]YR]
P[EZ
N[WP]UX]U\
S][
Y]H\Y X]MO\H\U]
QZM\S]
]
K\O[
QZ
\
[Y\D
S[Q\
WV
\
R]
N[O\U\H]X\
VTZXZ
[K\HYZ
BVRZ
V K[W]YWS\
\RZYU\+\S[T]O\
S][
M]WZK]Y
QZM\S
\WNX]TY[WU
WT[QZ
N[O\U\SZ5
U]
O\YLT\WU]
.]K\C
P\WO\
[
QZ
M\H
J
S[P
WN[XV
AXK]
\
%XT]U]5
2]EB\T[
V=B6AQ"CKMJQ'LFPGJHM>QOQJL?JHM>QDN<OHP N[LOZR]Q
RT]
I\U]U]
S[QZ
[Y
Y]T[R\
U]
#Q@O3+N5NQ'LFPGJHM>QEOK>FOJGN P\WO\G
[
X]MO\S]P]
\MPZ<V
UZ
RTZ
XZ
HZ
J
1GDN?PKPQ$P7OPQ94../: Y\IZ5
8]
O\
WV
[YZ
R[T[BYZ
R]
K\
WZ
UTX
J
R\O[
S]S[
QZ
XZH
[
RT]
X]MO\H\U]
QZM\S]5
9]R
W]R]
VMPZP[
V
NX[P]UX]FZ
DXT]UWS\
\
WXN
WS\
SF\EZTY\
QZM\S
U]R]
QZ
O]S[
VUTX
R\
J
U\
R]
PZ<V
F\P]
N[WU[QZ
X]MO\SZ
3[
Y\U
S[ IV=4.AQ!NPH;ODPQKPQ?LOHP<OFP5NQJL?JHM>
YZ
Y\QZHZ
Y\U\
P[EZ
M]Y\QZS]U\
W]
P[
WZ
PY[
J OE@PQJPQ'LFPGJHO@QGOGEMFO@PQ9B666:
L\
YZ
WO]EV
[
MY]H]QS]P]
U\D
X]M
O\
S]
-[
LO\
"1ZE\UZ
WZ
N[OZCZP[!
S]EZ
O\S
W
+\OPW
S[L
K\WP[
[
F\P]
N[NX\O\HY[
UZ[
XZ
U\
M\
X]
U\
Y[
NO]UY]
]
\WN[R
N\GZ#
"1ZE\UZ
WZ
N[
O\
QZ
CZ
J
M]
[TV
QZ
NX\O\SV
K[BZ
R]
KV
RZP[
W]W
T\P
P[!
.]G
U]S[
@YR]
WZ
Y]
NO]UYV
N[Q]T\
O]
J
S[YSXZUY\
7MP\P[
QZR]Y
[H\U
NX\PQZX
U\
Y\HY\
Y]UN\W
".Z[LX]R
QZWZY
66!
]
\W
J
?S[
N[P\HZP[
K\X]H
Y]
X]R\QV
HVQZP[
X]M
O\
J
N[R
FZL]
Y]P
O]U\Y\HY\
U\UO
[KQ]GF]T]#
H\
UZ
QZM\SZ
\
MY]P[
S[Q\
QZ
S[Q\
]S[
L]
N[
MY]
QZ
J
".Z[
LX]R
QZWZY
66 !

7
S\YV
OVR\O[
AP\
J
P[
3]S[
X]MO\SVQZP[
U]O\Q]YWS\
+X]YIVWS\
QZD
WVMZ
X]R[WY\IZ
\
[RV
GZT
BZ
Y[
NBZ
WS]
J
GN]
F[OWS\
XVWS\
4ZRY]S[
U]
S[
X]MO\SVQZJ
FZ
N[
S[BZY\P]
]
Q[G
Y\QZ
NX[GO]
Y\
NXT]
P[
S]R
L[T[X\
Y]
DXT]U
WS[PZ
]
S]R
Y]
WXNWS[
J
P\
YVU]
+\OP]
=ZP]
MK[X]
[T[
QZ
T]BR]
Y]Q
J
PZ
9]R
Y]
N[WU]Q\
?
HVQZP[
[T]S]T
N[HZU]S#
OV
<Z
+\OPWS[
[WUT]XZFZ
V
N[T\QZWU\
+\OP]
! " "8]Y]W
QZ

S[O[T[M]
-ZUZ[X[O[M\
VWN[XZR\T[
P[ER]
UZS
W
[WUT]XZF\P]
+\OJ
Y]Q]TBVQV
O\QZN[
\
TZRX[
TX\QZPZ!
MY]P[
R]
QZ
P[T]
\M
]PZ
X\H
SZ
Y\QZPZ
S[PZR\QZ
=]X]TY[
U[
DXT]UWS\
]
S]R
Y]
N[WU]Q\
.
HVQZP[#
"! "
[T[
WV
";]YZ
\
U\UO[T\!
NXT\
WXNWS\
+\OP
V
8]Y]W
QZ

]TLVWU
-ZUZ[X[O[M\
Y]Q]TBVQV
WOVE
KZY[Q
\
WV
TZXZY[Q
DXT]UWS[Q
+\OPWS[Q
OZN[
\
TZRX[
TXZPZ!
MY]P[
R]
QZ
U[
WXNWS\
www.fokus-tjednik.hr
R\
WUX\KVI\Q\
]
WTZ
[WU]O[
TZC
QZ
OZLZYR]
Jurak
3[S[P
XIX TZS]
"Y]I\[Y]OY\!
WU]YR]X
J
RY\
QZM\I\
Y]WU]O\
WV
[R
R\Q]OZS]U] U]
Y]
[WY[TV
[T[L]
P[EZG
R]
M]
J
S[Q\
WZ
S[X\WUZ
Y]
X]MO\H\U\P
N[RXVH
J SBV
H\G
[
WXNWS[JDXT]UWS[P
QZM\H
J
Q\
P]
7
%X
T]U
WS[Q
WV
O\YLT\WU\
XIX TZS]
[R
UX\ S[P
WN[XV5
]
GU[
QZ
U[
T]EY[
M]
Y]I\
[
J
LO]TY]
Y]XZHQ]

GU[
S]T
WS[L
S]QS]TWS[L
\
H]
J Y]OY\
\RZY
U\
UZU5
8]
O\
QZ
N\U]FZ
QZM\J
S]T
WS[L

\M]KX]O\
GU[
S]TWS\
M]
[WY[TV S]
WUT]X
\W
SBV
H\T[
O\YLT\WU]
\O\
U\PZ
M]QZRY\
HS[L
SF\EZT
Y[L
QZM\S]
3]Q
R\Q]OZSU
QZ P[LV
R]
WZ
K]
TZ
\
[Y\
S[Q\
Y\WV
WUXVH
F]
J
Y]Q
KO\
E\
WXNWS[P
QZ
M\
SV
\
M]NX]T[
QZ
[WY[T] I\5
]GU[
R[
O]M\
R[
WPZGY\D
W\UV]I\Q]
\
WXNWS[L
SF\
EZT
Y[L
QZM\S]
]
TXZPZ
S[
PV
J V
WN[X[T\P]
[
X]MO\S]P]
\
WO\HY[WU\P]
Y\
WU\
HSZ
4VL[
WO]
T\QZ
*6('66,
QZM\S
S[Q\P WXNWS[L
\
DX
T]UWS[L
QZM\S]5
K;;
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?
IV=4BAQ !PJ?MEINKOQ OCNKGOGNGQ DNCKN Q]

-[Q
WOVH]Q
3[
QZ
+XS]
4]

Y
\
W
]
P
@EPCNQLFPGO;N AXNS\F]
?
P[X]P
R[R]U\
"9[XHVOV!
4]

Y
\
W
]
P
AXNS\F]
4]
K\D
W]R]
[T]Q
H]W
=Z
T[O\P
LVK\UY\SZ
?VUW]QRZXZ
VRZ
S[Q\ Y]QX]R\QZ
VWU]O]
\
M]VXO]O]
V
PX]S#
WZ
P[X]QV
WP\QZG\U\
>
K\U\
NX\WU[QY\
4] "=\W]P
AXNS\F]]]]]!
YZ
T[O\P
Y\
AXKZ
V
%XT]UWS[Q
@Y\
S]R] Rudan
WUX
(J'
S]EV#
".]K\C!
VT\QZS
R[R]QV#
">M
9[XHVOZ!
?
Y\WV
\M
9[XHVOZ
=ZL[
\M
8]OP]U\YWSZ
@T[
QZ
[RO[P]S
\M
X[P]Y]
,I6L;F>I6
M]
L[XZ
>M
TVS[QZK\YZ
V
S[Q[Q
QZ
.]K\C
YZ
G
J GI5 1ZRX]YZ
;VR]Y
*X[<ZYZ
6(6
U[
RXVL[
@9
>
U]P[
\P]
.]K\C]
%XT]U] L[R\YZ,
WN\W]UZB\IZ
Y[T\Y]XSZ
\
]LZYU]
?O\
.]K\C
%XT]U
Y\S]R
YZ
[KQ]GF]T]
>
YZ M]
UXL[T\YV
YZSXZUY\Y]P]
/O]TY\
QVY]S
X[
J
R[R]QZ
"\M
9[XHVOZ!
!LLL" P]Y]
QZ
3[YS]
.]K\C
H\Q]
QZ
P]QS]
%XT]U\I]
?
[NZU
YZS\
BVR\
WV
AXK\
\
[WQZC]QV
WZ
S][ ]
[U]I
AXK\Y
AXK\
-\WOZ
R]
QZ
U[
Y[XP]OY[
K\U\
AXK\Y
@Y[
-]P]
AXNS\F]
RQZR
OZE\
Y] @N\G\
S]STZ
NX[KOZPZ
W
\RZYU\UZJ
WXNWS[P
LX[KBV
V
.ZYS[TIV
\
YZGU[
PV
N\
J U[P
\P]
3[YS]
.]K\C
9]ST]
WV
FZY]
GZ
C\X\O\I[P
Y]
S]PZYV
V
T\W[S[Q
UX]T\ Y]I\[Y]OY]
[WZC]F]5
9]S[
[KQ]G
F]
J
\P]QV
WT[QZ
WO]TZ
N[N[T\
WV
\P
RO]S]T\
\ T]G
FZYV
\RZQV
R]
".]K\C
%XT]U!
YZ
P[
J
WP\QV
WZ
EZY\U\
?
S]R
WZ
P]O\
AXK\Y X]
R]
R]QZ
Y\S]ST]
R]B]
[KQ]GFZF]
[
X[R\
R]QV
PV
\PZ
?O\PN\QZ
\O\
A]T]
\O\ WT[P
N[XZSOV
R[S
".]K\C
AXK\Y!
U[
P[
J
3]Y]W\QZ
>
U]Q
P]O\
AXK\Y
\
AXNS\F\I] X]
R]
VH\Y\5
8]
O\
W\
HV[
M]
WO\HYZ
W\
J
ZN[W]T]
MY]QV
[R
P]OZY]
R]
WV
U[
ATZ
\P UV
]I\QZ
X]WN[OVCZY[L
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\RZYJ
QZ
Q]WY[
@Y\
P[LV
N[YZS]R
XZC\
R]
WV
W] U\UZU]
V
WT[Q[Q
MZPB\5
"9[XHVOZ!
]O\
MY]QV
R]
Y\WV
9VE\UZ5
?O\
IVFAQ-LNFP<OEP,N5NQKP;OMKPEO<@P
IV#44AQ OLHMQ MFP2Q MQ KP;OMKPEO<@I U[
PQZWU[
.[Q\P
WZ
R]
WZ
U]
"N]U[O[GS]
4.BBAQ>MCOKN ZYZXL\Q]
Y\QZ
UX]YW+[XP\X]O]
@Y]
WZ
P[X]
S[YUX[O\X]U\
QZWU
R]
QZ
UZGS[
]O\
-\WO\P
R]
W]P
N[WU][
WTQZWU]Y
Y]I\QZ
\ M]U[
N[WU[Q\
N[O\U\S]
\YUZO\LZYI\Q]
N\U]F]
[S[
Y]I\QZ
UZS
[YR]
S]R
W]P
QZ N[WU[QZ
YZS\
NX[LX]P\
R]
WZ
U[
WT[R\
V
[WQZU\[
S][
YZSV
TXWUV
WX]P[UZ
8]
YZS[ N[RY[GB\TZ
[ST\XZ
VK\Q]
W\OVQZ
\WUXZKBVQZ
V
\PZ
Y]I\QZ

R[T[BY[
QZ
R]
WZ
[RXZSYZG
UZ
NX\N]RJ

Y[WU\
M]
S[QV
Y\W\
[RL[T[X]Y
QZX
V
Y]I\J
QV
WZ
YZ
VO]M\
S][
V
N]XU\QV
Y\U\
QZ
UV
-\XS[
9[T]H
*2ZUX[T\C\
S[R
=\SJ
UT[Q]
T[B]
[ROVHVQVC]
N]
]S[
QZ
U]S[
Q]
G\C]
)XY]
/[X]
6
L[R\YZ,
W]P
[YR]
WTZ
VH\Y\[
R]
Y]NX]T\P
[USO[Y
IXY[L[XWS\
WXNWS\
\
DXT]UWS\
SF\EZTJ
[R
UZ
NX\N]RY[WU\
>RZYU\UZU
QZ
YZGU[
Y\S
4ZR]Y
[R
Y]QH\U]Y\Q\D
\
Y]QVU\I]QY\J
RXVL[
[Y
WZ
NX\DT]C]
P[EZ
K\U\
T\GZJ
Q\D
N\W]I]
Y]
NX[WU[XV
K\TGZ
4VL[WO]J
WUXVS
VSXGU]
WZ
-ZY\
QZ
P[X]OY[WU
T\QZ
2[MY]U
N[
]YU\X]UY\P
\
]YU\Y]I\[J
\MY]R
Y]I\QZ
8T]RZWZU[
WU[BZCZ
K\O[
Y]O\WU\HS\P
\WUVN\P]
QZ
PZYU]OY[
N[XZPZCZY[
7
U[PZ
OVR\OV
[T\
Y]G\
P]O\
Y]X[R\
\P]O\
WV
\WU]SYVJ
K;>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
IV=4/AQ"?3GOQMHFOLKOQJ?MLP<I@Q<PQ@OLQI EPKQIII
$MJKOQOQNL;N>MFOKOQ9B66%: AUX]YZ
N[MRX]TB]QV
\
N[RXE]T]QV
N[WU\L
YV
J
UZ
R[L[T[XZ
[
X]MLX]Y\HZFV
RT]QV
ZYU\
UZU]
;ZNVKO\S]
.[WY]
\
%ZXIZL[T\Y]
;ZNVK
O\
J ZRZX]I\QZ
.[WYZ
\
%ZXIZL[T\YZ
\
S]
%XT]UWS]
\
A]TZMY]
;ZNVKO\S]
4VL[
WO]
J ;ZNVKO\SZ
AXNWSZ
S]S[
QZ
\MO[EZY[
V
AN[
J
T\Q]
*"AUX]YZ!,
X]MVPV
V
?YZSWV
0
AUX]YZ
CZ
V
IZO[WU\
?LO<KPDIOQN[UXZKV
M]
WTZ[KVDT]UY\P
WN[J N[GU[T]U\
\
N[P]L]U\
\WNVFZFZ
[K]TZM]
X]MVP[P
X]R\
[S[YH]F]
UX]L\HY[L
WVS[K]
V NXZVMZU\D
V
FZPV
XZL\Q\ EPKQIV
,NENO R]
NX\R[YZWV
U[P
I\BV
\
N[P[LYV AUX]YZ
N[MRX]TB]QV
\
N[RXE]T]QV
NX[LX]P
UX]QY\
P\X
\
WU]K\OY[WU
\MK[X]
M]
.[WYV
\
%ZXIZL[T\YV
\MO[EZY
V
?MGFLIDIOQ NX\DT]U]FZ
8[L[T[XZY\D
UZ
J ?YZSWV

AUX]YZ
CZ
V
IZO[WU\
N[GU[T]U\
\
PZB
Y\D
Y]HZO]
[R

WZNUZPKX]
66'
8]
J N[P]L]U\
\WNVFZFZ
U[L
NX[LX]P]
B\D
R[L[T[XZY\D
UZPZBY\D
Y]HZO]
[R
0& EPKQV
WZNUZPKX]
66'
\
WN[X]MVP]
[
NXZS\RV AUX]YZ
N[MRX]TB]QV
\
N[RXE]T]QV
N[WU\L
YV
J
T]UXZ
[R
(
WZNUZPKX]
\
'
[SU[KX]
66'
UZ
R[L[T[XZ
[
7WU]TV
.[WYZ
\
%ZXIZ
L[
T\
YZ
?LO@PDIO Y]
MY]FZ
WN[X]MVP
[R
06
]TLVWU] \MO[EZYZ
V
?YZSWV
(
AUX]YZ
CZ
V
IZ
O\
Y\
66'
S[Q\P
QZ
RZOZL]I\Q]
A]TZMYZ
;ZNVKO\SZ N[GU[T]U\
\
N[P]L]U\
\WNVFZFZ
[K]
TZM]
4V
L[WO]T\QZ
[TO]GCZY]
R]
V
\PZ
;ZNVKO\SZ NXZVMZU\D
V
FZPV
AXN
WSZ
N[UN\GZ
RZO[TZ
P\
X[T
Y[L
NO]Y]
S[Q\ EPKQVI
WZ
[RY[WZ
Y]
FV
VM
[K]TZMV
WUX[L[L
\
R[
J AUX]YZ
N[MRX]TB]QV
\
N[RXE]T]QV
N[WU\L
J
WOZRY[L
WNX[T[<ZF]
N[WU\L
YVU[L
WN[X]MVP]
YVUZ
R[L[T[XZ
[
[WY\T]FV
]XK\UX]XY[L
WVR]
9[P\W\QZ
M]
BVRWS]
NX]T]
9[P\W\QZ
WN[X]MVPZOZ
WV
WZ
[
WOZRZCZP#
M]
\MKZLO\IZ
\
NX[LY]Y\SZ
9[P\W\QZ
M]
EPKQI
[HVT]FZ
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
WN[PZY\S]
S][
\
Q]TJ
AUX]YZ
CZ
XZLVO\W]U\
WT[QZ
[RY[WZ
V
WSO]
J
Y\D
NXZRVMZC]
.[WYZ
\
%ZXIZL[T\YZ
\MO[
J
RV
W
Y]
HZO\P]
\MO[EZY\P
V
2[TZB\
VQZR\J
EZYZ
V
?YZSW\P]
'J6
AUX]YZ
CZ
V
IZ
O[
WU\
FZY\D
Y]
I\Q]
S][
\
W
%ZOW\YGS\P
M]TX
J
N[GU[T]U\
\
N[P]L]U\
\WNVFZFZ
[K]TZM]
GY\P
R[
SV
PZY
U[P
\
RXVL\P
R[SV
PZY
U\
P]
NXZVMZU\D
V
F\P]
@XL]Y\M]I\QZ
M]
ZTX[NWSV
KZMKZRY[WU
\
EPKQVII
W]X]RFV
@YZ
CZ
N[U
NVY[
N[GU[T]U\
2X\MY]QVC\
R]
WV
M]
N[WU\M]FZ
UX]QY[L
P\
X]
PZ<VW[KYV
WVTZXZYV
QZR
Y]
S[WU
WN[X[TZ
CZ
[R
SBVHY[L
MY]H]Q]
N[GU[T]FZ
BVRWS\D
XZG]T]U\
P\XY\P
NVUZP
\
WV
MRXE]CZ
WZ
[R NX]T]
\
M]GU\U]
\MKZLO\I]
\
NX[LY]Y\S]
]SI\QZ
NXZUF[P
\O\
VN[
UXZ
K[P
W\OZ
\O\ AUX]YZ
WV
W]LO]WYZ
W
[RXZRK]P]
[
BVR
WS\P
Y]
RXVL\
Y]H\Y
NX[U\T
UZ
X\
U[
X\
Q]OYZ
IZ
J NX]T\P]
\MO[EZY\P
V
2[LO]TBV
4ZR]Y
O[T\U[WU\
\O\
N[O\U\HSZ
YZ
M]
T\W
Y[
WU\ AN[X]MVP]
V
?YZSWV
&
S][
\
[RXZR
K]
P]
[
.[WYZ
\
%ZXIZL[T\YZ
\O\
K\O[
S[QZ
RXVLZ \MKZLO\I]P]
\
NX[LY]Y\I\P]
\MO[
EZ
Y\P
V
RXE]TZ 2[LO]TBV
4ZR]Y
AN[X]MVP]
V
?YZSWV

\
V
EPKQII IZO[WU\
CZ
\D
N[GU[T]U\
AUX]YZ
N[MRX]TB]QV
\
N[RXE]T]QV
N[WU\L
J EPKQVIII
YV
UZ
R[
L[T[XZ
[
T[QY\P
]WNZSU\P]
P\
X[T
J AUX]YZ
N[MRX]TB]QV
\
N[RXE]T]QV
N[WU\L
YVUZ
Y[L
XZ
GZ
F]
\
]WNZSU\P]
XZL\[Y]OYZ
WU]
K\
J R[L[T[XZ
[
WNX[T[<ZFV
[T[L
P\X[TY[L
NO]
Y]
O\M]I\QZ
S]
S[
QZ
\MO[EZY[
V
AN[X]MVP\P] VSBVHVQVC\
N[WZKY[
I\T\OYZ
*YZ
T[Q
YZ,
]WNZSJ
V
?YZSWV
J?
\
?YZSWV
J.
AUX]YZ
CZ
V
N[U
J UZ
\MO[EZYZ
V
?YZSWV

[T[L
AN[
X]
MVP]
UZ
NVY[WU\
N[
GU[
T]
U\
\
N[RXE]T]U\
\WNV
FZ
J Y]
PZ<VY]X[RYZ
N[O\I\QWSZ
WY]
LZ
S]S[
QZ
FZ
[K]TZM]
NXZ
VMZ
U\D
V
?YZSWV
J?
\
V \MO[EZY[
V
?YZSWV

AN[
X]MVP]
AUX]
YZ
CZ
V
IZO\Y\
CZ
WZ
NX\
RX
E]
T]U\
WT[Q\D
[K]TZM] N[UNVY[WU\
N[GU[T]U\
\
N[
P]
L]
U\
\WNVFZFZ
V
\MO[EZY\D
V
?YZSWV
J.
F\P]
NXZVMZU\D
[K]TZM]
K;7
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?
EPKQIX VN[UXZKZ
\
NXZUFZ
VN[UXZKZ
W\OZ
S[Q[P
K\
AUX]YZ
CZ
V
N[UNVY[WU\
W]X]<\T]U\
W] VLX[M\OZ
UZX\U[X\Q]OY\
\YUZLX\UZU
\O\
WT\P
ZYU\UZU\P]
S[Q\
WV
VSBVHZY\
V
WNX[
J N[O\U\HSV
YZM]T\WY[WU
RXVLZ
7L[T[XYZ
T[
<ZFZ
[T[L
P\X[TY[L
NO]Y]
S]S[
QZ
\MO[
J WUX]YZ
S][
\
[R
WT]S[L
N[WUVNS]
S[Q\
Y\QZ
EZ
Y[
V
?YZSW\P]
[T[L
AN[X]MVP]
\O\
S[QZ V
WSO]RV
W
I\BZT\P]
7QZR\FZY\D
Y]I\Q]
\
QZ
[TO]WU\[
A]TZU
KZMKZRY[WU\
7QZR\
FZ
J %ZOW\YGSZ
N[TZBZ
3]S[<Z
CZ
WZ
VMRX
E]
J
Y\D
Y]I\Q]
V
WSO]RV
W]
[K]TZM]P]
WT\D T]
U\
[R
N[RXE]T]F]
U]ST\D
N[WUVN]S]
\
AUX]Y]
R]
W]X]<VQV
V
\WUX]M\
\
L[FZFV
V YZCZ
R[MT[O\U\
UXZC[Q
WUX]Y\
R]
S[X\WU\
TZ
M\
W]
X]UY\P
MO[H\Y\P]
\
RXVL\P
SXGZ
J F\D[TV
UZX\U[X\QV
M]
WNX[T[<ZFZ
WO\HY\D
F\P]
PZ<VY]X[RY[L
DVP]Y\U]XY[L
NX]T]
]SI\Q]
NX[U\T
RXVLZ
7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
EPKQX *0,
7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
CZ
WT]S\
WN[X
S[Q\
WZ
A]TZMY]
;ZNVKO\S]
4VL[WO]T\Q]
\
;ZNVK
O\
J PZ<V
F\P]
Q]T\
X]MXZG\U\
PZ<VW[KY[
\
S]
.[WY]
\
%ZXIZL[T\Y]
NX\MY]QV
QZRY] \WSBVH\T[
P\XY\P
WXZRWUT\P]
RXVLV
S][
WVTZXZYZ
YZM]T\WYZ
RXE]TZ
V EPKQ)
[ST\
X\P]
PZ<VY]X[RY\D
LX]Y\I]
8]B\ 7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
N[UTX<VQV
R]
CZ
V
WSO]RV
W
]WNZSU\
F\D[T[L
VM]Q]PY[L
NX\MY]F]
K\CZ NX\YI\N\P]
\
Y[XP]P]
PZ<VY]X[RY[L
NX]
T]
\
NXZRPZU
Y]SY]RY\D
NXZL[T[X]
NX\YI\N\P]
%ZOW\YGSZ
N[TZBZ
N[G
U[
T]U\
EPKQXI YZN[TXZR\T[WU
M]QZRY\HSZ
LX]Y\IZ
\
UZX\J
@T]Q
AN[X]MVP
WUVN]
Y]
WY]LV
S]R]
WZ U[X\Q]OY\
\YUZLX\UZU
RXVLZ
7L[
T[X
YZ
WUX]YZ
N[UN\GZ @YZ
R]BZ
N[UTX<VQV
R]
YZP]QV
Y\S]ST\D
UZX\J
A]H\FZY[
V
2]X\MV
(
RZIZPKX]
66'
Y] U[X\Q]OY\D
NXZUZYM\Q]
QZRY]
NXZP]
RXVL[Q
\
R]
K[
W]Y
WS[P
DXT]UWS[P
ZYLOZWS[P
\
WXNW
J V
KVRVCY[WU\
YZCZ
\P]U\
U]ST\D
NXZUZYM\Q]
S[P
QZ
M\SV
W
U\PZ
R]
QZ
WT]S\
UZSWU
QZRY]J EPKQ%
S[
TZ
X[
R[
WU[
Q]Y 7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
CZ
\P]QVC\
V
T\RV
\WNV
J
www.ohr.int/dpa/default.asp?content_id=379 F]
T]FZ
I\BZT]
[T[L
7L[T[X]
WUT[X\U\
[RL[T]X]QVC\
[ST\X
M]
W]X]RFV
Y]
WT\P
N[
J
@
P\X[TY[P
WN[X]MVPV
S[Q\P
CZ
WZ B\P]
[R
M]QZRY\HS[L
\YUZXZW]
!LLL"
[S[YH]U\
X]U
V
.[WY\
\
%ZXIZL[T\Y\
EPKQ0
66066'
NXZL[T]X]O[
WZ
V
8ZQU[YV
]O\
QZ
W]P
WN[X]MVP
N[UN\W]Y
V
2]X\MV
LRZ
WV
K\O\
7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
CZ
NX[G\X\U\
WT[QZ
[RY[WZ
\
NXZRWU]TY\I\
WNZI\Q]OY[L
NXZL[T]X]H] \
W]
X]RFV
V
PZ<VY]X[RY\P
[XL]Y\M]I\Q]P]
:TX[NWSZ
VY\QZ
S][
\
NXZRWU]TY\I\
X]Y
J VSBV
HVQVC\
\
XZL\[Y]OYZ
\
WVKXZL\[Y]OYZ
IVW
SZ
=ZP]HSZ
;VW\QZ
1ZO\SZ
.X\U]Y\QZ
\ [XL]
Y\M]I\QZ
@YZ
CZ
N[RXE]T]U\
Y]N[XZ
AQZR\FZY\D
8XE]T]
1ZC\Y]
S[YSXZUY\D RXV
LZ
WUX]YZ
VWPZXZYZ
Y]
\YUZLX]I\QV
V
:7
[RXZ
R]K]
WN[X]MVP]
RZU]BY[
QZ
\MO[EZY]
V =?3@
\
M]N]RY[ZTX[NWSV
M]
QZRY\IV
0
]YZSW] !LLL"
EPKQB)
IV=4)AQ1?MLP<I@QPPLJHNQOQ!I@IKODNQM 7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
CZ
R[NX\YZU\
WUT]X]FV
LP<I@NFP5I(Q JPLPC5OQ OQ CM7LMJIJNC= SO\PZ
U[OZX]YI\QZ
\
X]MVPZT]F]
PZ<V
WT[J
JHO@QMCKMJO@PQ9B66*: Q\P
LX]<]Y\P]
X]MO\H\U[L
ZUY\HS[L
\
TZXJ
WS[L
N[XZSO]
U[
QZWU
NX\N]RY\S]
X]M
O\
H\
J
EPKQB U\D
SVOUVX]
\
QZM\S]
@YZ
[WV<VQV
SWZY[+[J
;ZNVKO\SZ
-]<]XWS]
\
;VPVY\Q]
*Y]R]BZ K\QV
\
WT]S\
[KO\S
\WS]M\T]F]
X]WYZ
7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ,
M]WY[T]CZ
WT[QZ
[RY[WZ
Y] ZUY\HSZ
\O\
TZXWSZ
PXEFZ
S][
\
R\WSX\
J
N[TZXZFV
W]X]RF\
\
VM]Q]PY[P
N[GU[T]FV P\Y]I\QV
\
NXZRX]WVRZ
\
VN[UXZK\CZ
RZO[
J
!LLL" UT[XYZ
PZXZ
S]S[
K\
U[PZ
WU]OZ
Y]
NVU
EPKQ/ EPKQB%
*,
7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
N[UTX<VQV
R]
CZ
WZ
V *,
],
7
[RXZ<\T]FV
NX]T]
\
RVEY[WU\
NX\N]R
J
WT[Q\P
KVRVC\P
[RY[W\P]
VMRXE]T]U\
[R Y\
S]
Y]I\[Y]OY\D
P]F\Y]
S[QZ
E\TZ
Y]
F\
D[
J
K;
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
T\P
UZX\U[X\Q]P]
7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
CZ
NX\
PZ
J EPKQB6
Y\U\
+CBJFGAL CIGBHG7J=AL 1KBHDKL BFI:HL I *,
7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
CZ
N[RXE]U\
\
[O]S
G]
J
9K0DJDJLGK7JIGK>GJ,L@K4JGK
V
WOVH]QV
R]
WV U\
R\XZSU]Y
S[YU]SU
WT[Q\D
LX]<]Y]
[RXZRKZ
UZ
9[YTZYI\QZ
N[
T[B
Y\QZ
M]
P]F\YZ *0,
7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
CZ
NX[G\X\U\
WT[QZ
S[Y
J
V
N[XZ<ZFV
W]
[RXZRK]P]
R[P]C\D
M]S[Y] MV
O]XYZ
[RY[WZ
\
N[QZRY[WU]T\U\
NX[IZRVXZ
K,
=Z
M]R\XVC\
V
T]EZFZ
NXZUD[RYZ
[R
XZRKZ NXZ
O]WS]
NXZS[
LX]Y\IZ
\
I]X\YWSZ
S[YUX[
OZ
7L[T[XYZ
WUX]YZ
CZ
V
I\BV
M]GU\UZ
\
X]MT[J [UT[X\CZ
Y[TZ
LX]Y\HYZ
NXZO]MZ
\
NX[
G\
X\
U\
Q]
ZUY\HS[L
SVOUVXY[L
QZM\HS[L
\
TZX
WS[L TZC
N[WU[QZCZ
V
Y]QTZC[Q
P[
LV
C[Q
PZX\
S]
S[
K\
\RZYU\UZU]
P]<]XWSZ
P]F\YZ
V
;V
PV
Y\
Q\
\ WZ
[O]SG][
NX[U[S
BVR\
\
X[KZ
7
UV
WTX
DV
CZ
XVPVYWSZ
P]F\YZ
V
-]<]XWS[Q
[RXZRKZ
S[
QZ K\U\
M]SBVHZY\
[RL[T]X]QVC\
WN[X]
MV
P\
RZ+\Y\GV
NX]T]
NX\N]RY\S]
U\D
P]F\
Y]
V www.htmh.hu/dokumentumok/asz-ro-e.htm
R[SVPZYU\P]
7QZR\FZY\D
Y]I\Q]
:TX[N
WSZ =]TZR\
LO]TYZ
[RXZRKZ
[T[L
WN[
X]
MV
P]
[XL]Y\M]I\QZ
M]
KZMKZRY[WU
\
W]X]RFV
\
A]
J
[
N\U]F\P]
KZMKZRY[WU\
\
"T\
W[
SZ
N[
J
TZU]
:TX[NZ
Y]KX[Q]Y\D
V
]YZSWV
[T[L
AN[
J O\
U\SZ!
8]
O\
WZ
UZ
[RXZRKZ
U\
HV
E\T[U]
X]MVP]
WNX[T[R\U\
S][
NX]TY[
[K]TZMV
QV
CZ [K\HY\D
BVR\5
U]
P\W
O\G
[
N[
U[F\P
!LLL" [RXZRK]P]5
8]
O\
WV
[YZ
[NX]T
R]YZ5
IV=4%AQ <DP35PFP5NQ !I@IKPQ OQ PPLPQ MQ @NIJM7KO@Q MCKMJO@PQ IQ ?MCLI2DO@PQ J

@N3MFOGO@QJGPKMFKO3GFM@Q94..B:
2\U]FZ
WP]UX]
YZT]EY\P
\O\
2[WU[Q\
S[Y+O\SU 2[WU[Q\
W]X]RF]
YZ
R]QZ
Y\S]S]T
[RL[T[X
;VPVY\
*VSVNY[, 0
;VPVY\
V
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q\ ' (& (6
-]<]X\ & 0(
www.intercultural.ro/cart/interculturalitate_detaliu_capitol2-1.html#mirceakivu
9]ST\
WZ
M]SBVHI\
P[LV
\MTZWU\
\M
N[R]U]S]
R[
S[Q\D
WZ
R[GO[
V
[T[P
\WUX]E\T]FV
Q]TY[L
PFZF]5
U]
P\WO\G
[
H\FZY\I\
R]
BVR\
S[Q\
E\TZ
V
ZUY\HS\
PZG[T\U\P
RZO[T\P]
3X]YW\O
T]
Y\QZ
V
TZCZP
NX[IZYUV
YZL[
WU]Y[TY\I\
RXV
L\D
N[RXVHQ]
[IZFVQV
R]
WV
[RY[W\
;VPVY]
\
-]<]X]
R[KX\5
IV=4*AQ"HFOLKOQ"'LOCJHOQJ?MLP<I@ "JKMFKPQKP2NEP
HMDO@QDNQMHMK2PKQMLI,PKOQJIHM7QI
7N[UXZK]
Y]W\B]
X]R\
[WUT]X\T]F]
PHNCMKODOQ94..B: N[
O\U\HS\D
I\BZT]
[RK]IVQZ
WZ
N[UNVY[
\
KZMVWO[TY[
A]P[
P\XY]
N[O\U\HS]
XZ
GZ
J
=]XZRYZ
U]HSZ
WV
RZ[
R[L[T[XZY[L
[ST\X] F]
P[LV
R]
[KZMKZRZ
WU]K\OYV
\
RZ
P[
J
S[Q\P
WZ
[KZMKZ<VQZ
KVRVCY[WU
RZP[SX]U\QZ
V SX]UWSV
KVRVCY[WU
M]
-]SZR[Y\QV
-]SZR[Y\Q\
\
[P[LVCVQZ
X]MT[Q
HTXGC\D
\
KO\WS\Q\D
TZM]
;ZNVKO\SZ
-]SZR[Y\QZ
\ 0
AVTZXZY\UZU
\
UZX\U[X\Q]OY\
\Y
UZ
J
ZTX[]UO]YUWSZ
M]QZRY\IZ
@T]Q
@ST\X
CZ
NX[
J LX\UZU
-]SZR[Y\QZ
S][
\
VY\U]XY\
S]X]SJ
P[T\W]U\
P\X]Y
\
WSO]R]Y
X]MT[Q
LX]
<]Y
WS[L UZX
RXE]TZ
YZN[TXZR\T\
WV
\
P[X]QV
WZ
RXVGUT]
VM
N[GU[T]FZ
ZUY\HS[L
\RZY
U\UZU] [HVT]U\
=Z
N[WU[QZ
UZX\U[X\Q]OY]
XZGZF]
\
\YUZXZW]
WT\D
LX]<]Y]
-]SZR[Y\QZ M]
ZUY\HS]
N\U]F]
K;6
A79@.
=?)>@=?>A3>$9>%
>8:@@/>4?

-VOU\ZUY\HS\
S]X]SUZX
P]SZR[YWS[L [LO]W
V
O[S]OY\P
LXHS\P
Y[T\Y]P]
N[M\T]J
RXVGUT]
P[X]
WZ
[HVT]U\
\
[RX]E]T]U\
Y] QVC\
WTZ
K\TGZ
WU]Y[TY\SZ
?+]Y\QZ
R]
\P
Q]TY\
E\T[U WZ
NX\RXVEZ
Report
(&
WUX
0
(
-[RZXY]
RZP[SX]UWS]
RXE]T]
Y]
NX\X[RY[P
NVUV
X]MT[Q]
\
W]MXZT]F]
P[X]
YZNXZS\RY[
R]
[KZMKZ<VQZ
R]
FZY
7WU]T
V @
S]ST[Q
TXWU\
W[O\R]XY[WU\
QZ
[TRZ
XZH5
7N[XZR\
[T]Q
UZSWU
W]
IVJ
N[UNVY[WU\
M]R[T[B]T]
N[UXZKZ
WT\D
FZY\D
LX]<]Y]
\
R]
QZ
V
WSO]RV
W]
Y]QT\G\P U]
M]N]E]G5
PZ<VY]X[RY\P
WU]YR]XR\P]
S[Q\
WZ
\
W]P\
YZNXZWU]Y[
X]MT\Q]QV
IV=48AQ FPQ @O3+N5PQ MQ 7LOJP5IQ <NENKN
'
;]MT[Q
O[S]OYZ
W]P[VNX]TZ
SBVH]Y
QZ
V EOKODNQHMDPQCNEOQ>L2HOQMCQGILJHM>QCNEP
[DX]KX\T]FV
LX]<]Y]
R]
VHZWUTVQV
V
RZ
P[
J O?LPQ94/AQP?LOEQ4../:
SX]UWS[P
E\T[UV
\
V
NX[P[T\W]FV
N[G
U[
J
T]F]
\RZYU\UZU]
M]QZRY\I] AQ O3+N5NQ OHMJPQ KPJGPJODIP(
?MJGPF+NKMQKPQOKGNLKNGI
http://faq.macedonia.org/politics/framework_agreement.pdf
2[WOZ
QVHZX]GFZL
R]Y]
T\GZ
Y\GU]
YZCZ
K\
J
@ST\XY\
WN[X]MVP
QZ
VM
N[WXZR[T]FZ
U\
\WU[
2XZS[
RTZ
D\B]RZ
S\N]XWS\D
3V
X]
J
PZ<VY]X[RYZ
M]QZRY\IZ
[S[YH][
[XV
J S]
\
T\GZ
[R
D\B]RV
S\N]XWS\D
/XS]
NXZGO[
E]Y\
WVS[K
V
-]SZR[Y\Q\
2[UN\W]O\
WV
L] QZ
W
QZRYZ
Y]
RXVLV
WUX]YV
]
PY[L[
N[O\
U\
J
P]SZR[YWS\
NXZRWZRY\S
\
O\RZX\
WT\D H]X]
QZ
W]P[
N[WP]UX]O[
YZWN[W[KY[
R]
V
TZC\D
N[O\U\HS\D
N]XU\Q]
]
NXZRT\<][
QZ WT[Q\P
VWS\P
"VY\TZXMVP\P]!
WDT]
U\
TZO\
H\
J
VT[<ZFZ
Y\M]
VWU]TY\D
]P]YRP]Y]
\
NX[PZJ YV
U[L
R[L]<]Q]
2XT\
NVU
[R
6(
L[R\YZ
Y]
M]S[Y]
S]S[
K\
WZ
M]Q]PH\O]
NX]T] \WU\
[Y\
S[Q\
WV
N[WU]T\O\
K]X\
S]
RZ
W]R]
\D
?OK]Y]I]
\
RXVL\D
P]F\YWS\D
M]QZRY\I]
VSO]F]QV
/XI\
\
3VXI\
WV
NXZ
O]M\O\
W
QZRYZ
Y]
RXVLV
WUX]YV
\
\GO\
SVR]
\P
QZ
T[B]
IV=40AQ1?MLGQHPMQKP2OKQCPQJNQ?LNFP<ON
N[WZC\T]O\
WV
LX]R[TZ
\
WZO]
NX[Y]O]M\O\
KP;OMKPEO<P@AQO?PLJHOQ&L;OQKPFODPDI
WT[QZ
WU]XZ
\
RX]LZ
R]TY[
\MLVK
BZYZ
NX\J
<PQ EMHPEKOQ GO@Q HO?PLJHO'Q ILPHP Q]UZBZ
]
R]
\D
NX\
U[P
N[
O\
I\Q]
Y\QZ
NX]U\J
94../: O]
\
\WN\U\T]O]
ATVR]
WV
R[HZS\T]Y\
W
X]
J
R[GCV
R[KX[R[GO\I[P
[WPZ
W\P]
\
WVM]P]
4[G
YZGU[
UXZK]
XZC\
[
?+]Y\Q\ 7
U[P X]R[WY\I]P]
8]
WTV
R]
/X]<]Y\
M]\WU]
\RV
PZWUV
N[WU[Q\
+VRK]OWS\
SOVK
S[Q\
WZ
U]S
J Y]NXZR
[Y\
WV
\WNXZR
N[O\U\H]X]
@T[
Y]
J
P\H\
V
2XT[Q
O\L\
AZTZX
\
UXZYVUY[
WZ
Y]
J X]TY[
Y\QZ
UX]QY[
N[O\U\HS[
XZGZFZ
S[QZ
O]
M\
Y\WS[
Y]
U]KZO\
U]S[
R]
PV
NXZU\ Y]P
QZ
N[UXZKY[
]O\
\N]S
QZWUZ
P[C]Y
S]U]
J
[N]W
Y[WU
R]
Y]XZRYZ
L[R\YZ
M]TXG\
V
8XV
J O\
M]U[X
NX[IZW]
S[Q\
T[R\
XZGZFV
L[Q
O\L\
9X[M
YZS[O\S[
R]Y]
WZ
\LX]
T]EY] Report
(&
WUX
0'
VU]SP\I]
Y]
S[Q[Q
CZ
N]WU\
[ROVS]
R]
O\
[Y
[WU]QZ
V
2XT[Q
O\L\
/XI\
\M
?+]Y\QZ
S[Q\ $AQ ILJHOQ I2OGN+Q O<Q P@P>IJGNQ M?OJIDN
WV
\MKZLO\IZ
TZC
0
L[R\Y]
[ROVH\O\
WV
R] ?MJNGIQ?MLMCO;OQHO?PLJHO'Q&LHPQ94../:
V
TZO\S\P
LXVN]P]
SXZYV
\
M]QZRY[
W]
W]R]GF\P
WU]Y[TY\I\P]
?+]Y\QZ
Y]T\Q]QV 8]Y]W
Y]P
QZ
R[GO[
YZS[O\S[
L[WU\QV
"W
[YZ
V
U[Q
T]EY[Q
VU]SP\I\
@Y\
WV
H]S
[KQ]T\O\ WUX]YZ!
@Y\
\MLOZR]
S][
\
PY[L\
*S\N]XWS\,

?+]Y\Q]
QZ
WZO[
S[QZ
WV
S\N]XWS\
/XI\
Y]NVWU\O\
6(
L[R\YZ
R]Y]W
V
FZPV
E\TZ
\WSBVH\T[
3VXI\
K;1
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
3VXI\
\
/XI\
EZOZ
R]
\WS[X\WUZ
NX\O\SV
\ 1EAQ/.AQ
OKODPQLP<CFPDP5PQ9<NENKP
N[WZUZ
PZWU]
LRZ
WV
X[<ZY\
\
PZWU]
LRZ
WV EOKODP:QIQOHM<ODOQ94../:
NX[TZO\
RZ[
E\T[U]
ZOZO\
K\
R]
[WZUZ
X]
J
R[WU
E\T[U]
Y]
IZO[T\U[P
[WUXTV
\
R]
N[
RZ
J
OZ
[WZC]F]
S[Q]
Q[G
E\TZ
V
F\D[T\P
WXI\P]
=\WV
R[GO\
NXZR
Y]GV
SVCV
]O\
WV
]VU[P[J
K\O
M]VWU]T\O\
[RP]D
\M]
VLO]
S][
R]
EZOZ
R]
WZ
X]WN\U]QV
M]
VO\IV
S[Q]
TZC
[R]TY[
Y[
J
W\
Y[T\
Y]M\T
\UZB\
[T[L
SX]Q]
WV
[RP]D
NXZN[MY]O\
WU]X[
\PZ
-[I]XU[T]
VO\I]
ZY]
\
Q]
WP[
WZ
WOVH]QY[
Y]GO\
Y]
S]N\Q\
!LLL" /[WN[<]
:OZY\
H\QZ
WP[
\PZ
UZS
Y]SY]RJ
Y[
W]MY]O\
XZSO]
QZ#
"-[Q]
K]S]
QZ
E\TZO]
V
SVC\I\
S[Q]
QZ
K\O]
[TRZ
ZOZO]
W]P
W]P[
R]
R[<ZP
\
T\R\P
UV
SVC\IV
4[G
VTZS
N]PJ
U\P
S]S[
PZ
QZ
K]S]
[TRZ
R[T[R\O]
R]
WZ
\LX]P
\WN[R
RXTZC]
@TRZ
WV
K\OZ
RTZ
N]O
J
PZ!
!LLL" 1XZPZ
QZ
YZVP[B\T[
\
N[GU[
Y\S[
Y\QZ
KX\YV[
[
SVC\I\
[Y]
QZ
N[UNVY[
NX[N]O]
?O\
N]OP]
QZ
Q[G
VTZS
UV
!LLL"
2[MT]O\
WP[
\D
R]
V<V
!LLL" 2[GU[
WP[
9\N
X]
J
Y\
K\O[
Y]P
QZ
N[UXZKY[
UZS
YZS[O\S[
P\YVJ
U]
R]
WZ
MKO\E\P[
?
[YR]
QZ
:OZY\
N[HZO]
R]
Y]P
NX\H]
WT[QV
NX\HV
!LLL" "AOVG]O]
W]P
TZWU\
Y]
X]R\QV
7SO[
Y\CZ
K]X\S]RZ
4]S[
W]P
N[EZOZO]
R]
R[<ZP
\
T\R\P
K]S\YV
SVC\IV
@WU]O]
P\
QZ
V
U]S[
OZN[P
WZC]FV
3X]E\O]
W]P
[R
R[SU[X] 9[Q\
WZ
WU]T[T\
[K\HY\D
BVR\
[
N[O\U\I\
\
N[O\U\H]X\P]
T\RZ
V
K[O[T]FZ
R]
K\D
P[LO]
R]
R[<ZP!
!LLL"
[T[P
UZSWUV5
2X[S[PZYU]X\G\UZ
=\S[
J
?
[Y
=\S[O]W
[KQ]WY\[
Y]P
QZ#
"/OZR][
W]P
O]
W[TV
UTXRFV#
"-\
[T[
Y\WP[
M]WOV
E\
J
S]S[
WUZ
RZP[YWUX\X]O\
4[G
VTZS
P\
V
VG\
J
O\ !
8]
O\
[K\HY\
BVR\
P[LV
\P]U\
YZSV
P]
[RMT]F]
[Y[
GU[
WV
BVR\
U]R]
VMT\S\J
VO[LV
V
NXZTO]R]T]FV
Y]I\[Y]O\MP]5
T]O\#
>X\Y\
-\X
M]
WTZ
9\NX]YZ
9\N]X
QZ
9]S[5
R[P
\
3VX]S]
\
/XS] !
?
[YR]
QZ
Y]WU]T\[#
"1\
GZ
Y\W]P
P[L][
R]
WZ
WVMRXE\P
\
M]NO]
J Y]G
O\
Q[G
YZSV
N[RZBZYV
RXE]TV
\O\
S][
W]P
2O]S][
W]P
M]
WTZ
Y]W
2O]S][
W]P N[RZBZY\
LX]R
V
:TX[N\
RT]RZWZU[L
\
NX[SO\F][
[YZ
S[Q\
WV
9\NX]YZ
X]MRT[Q\O\ TZS]5
QZRYZ
[R
RXVL\D
-\
U[
Y\WP[
M]WOVE\O\!
ZL[TZ
N[WOZRFZ
XZH\
CZ
M]VTZS
V
P[P
WXIV
NO]PUZU\
S][
T]UX]
Report
(&
WUX
0'
PH+I2KMQ?OGP5N
?S[
QZ
[KX]M[T]FZ
V
NX[GO[WU\
R[NX\Y[W\O[
Q]H]FV
Y]I\[Y]O\MP]
GU]
P\WO\G
GU]
K\
V
KVRVCY[WU\
P[LO[
R[NX\YZU\
WP]F\T]FV
PZ<VY]I\[Y]OY\D
Y]NZU[WU\5
K;<
.>.>@/;?>4?
$O7EOM>LPODP
{xvpqx^ 3NPKOQOJOGQQLR MNH)PR<T6R,ORGTPNORGTDMR-RPOSMR
xcvpqj!?XD\T
U]SP\HZF]
V
\WU[X\QWS[P " "!.LQy+{
\WUX]E\T]FV
-@4?
>A3@;>4? - EUSTORY"L y+r+/+$$#! "
K<<;L
Ahmed S. Ali~i}, Pokret za autonomiju Bosne od
1831. do 1832, Sarajevo 1996. Hristomati1 po istori1 na B0lgari1.
B0lgarsko V0zra`dane. Vtorata i tretata
• Andrija{evi} @ivko, Crnogorska crkva ~etv0rt na 19 vek !FHEDI@KDJ=KL<A;KFECH
1852–1918, Nik{i} 2008. JEDIFJ=H3L$A;KFECJL:FH:IFI?6L?FA;KLJLDFH K
8HDBFDJGKL(!3LBHCK"+ K<<L
BOSOMCJPT?N8LR=T=RT*RHRFLRMQT!1K<FKGJL
;IBILFJL.DKDAFCK"+K<>7QK<7BL Crnogorski zakonici. Pravni izvori i politi~ki akti
od zna~aja za istoriju dràvnosti Crne Gore (ed. dr
m+q++
Branko Pavi}evi}, dr Radoslav Raspopovi}),
utp+q+A9"" T6ERT'R%
Podgorica 1998.
B@R<TBTJQIRTONTOERT5,EQ>QOQNPT!'IBIL?I<K3
%9>I5<HGJLCKDK>I;"{+K<<>L
Dinko Davidov, Stematografija. Izobraènije
oruìj iliri~eskih. Izrezal u bakru Hristofor @efarovi}
_#RK2RIRTQTDMN@LSKQTCMSL2ST'QCNLR+{|+BEKEL
i Toma Mesmer, Novi Sad 1972.
}+&DRMRTSLRKRT!%9K<FKGK
?H>K"GT$$#! " K<KL D0ràven vestnik !)F5KBGHLGIBJGH"L
uGT3NHDLRORTNMCKT!1K<FKGKL?H>K"G ~LvL}+$A9@.;B8@?B6B>1A.B=A2

+K<1L !&IFKJELJL4H;IBILBFH@H"+K<7;L
xt+BOSOMCTEOQLSLQ Ljubodrag Dimi}, Istorija srpske dràvnosti.

!.DKDAFCIBKLFHBI>A7J=K"+K<6L Knjiga III. Srbija u Jugoslaviji, Novi Sad 2001.
qt++!P@ST;NDJLLNMRTRT0QLQPI2RK
Dokumenti za b0lgarskata istori1
+NH>!OSMR !'KFI?GHL:HE@HLGK7JIGK>GI;
!)ICA@HGDJLIL<A;KFECI=LJEDIFJ=J"+K<;K+
<AH4K"+hlzsk+
LKL
vh+K<6<L
uLzL+(SFRINPQS<T:OKT0SFRKTSPITOERQM xL}+BL>SPQSTSPITOERTBL>SPQSPK+
$JOJMRT!*KCH?IGJ=K3LHGHLFKEHLJL4J,IBK ?RLRFORITSMOQFLRKTSPITLROORMK+A9"7A9
<A?A GIED"+ zojK<6KL !.><KGJ=KLJL.><KG7J6LI?K<FKGJLDHCEDIBJLJ
:JE@K 1903-1944"+{+
!#"$+(QKKQJPRST ! $RMSOR y+BEEKL
0NH)PR<T?OJIQQTDNLQOQFRGTRFNPNHQFRGTKNFQSLRT! ORF7
PQFR+K16EL ]Zgw+3MPSTNMSTQTBJKOMQ2STJT:::
=RCJ+K<KBL
3RHSLT"" " "" !*H@IKFJL&H@K>L:K0H"+
K<7<L ux+?NHRT0R=NLJOQNPKTSPIT&OERM
*QDLNHSOQFT5,DRMQRPFRKT!'HCHLFHBI>A7J=HLJ
#$Q#$ $+;RMR@MQPJLTOMSPKQL=SP+
?FA;KL?J:>I@KDECKLJECAEDBK"+yK<BBL
$$#! " !K<7"L
Rodoljub ôlakovi}, AVNOJ i narodnooslobodi- mLs+BL>SPQSPT'SOQNPSLQKHT

la~ka borba u Bosni i Hercegovini (1942-1943), QPTOERT6%RPOQROET3RPOJM8T!.><KGECJL
Beograd 1974L GK7JIGK>J9K@LAL?BK?HEHDI@LBHCA"+
K>E
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
sL.L/+5SKORMPT5JMNDRSP Ivan Frano Juki}, Putopisi i istorisko-etnografski

'SOQNPSLQKHTQPTOERT6%RPOQROET3RPOJM8 radovi, Sarajevo 1953.
!%EDI8GIHBFI:ECJLGK7JIGK>J9K@LAL
?BK?HEHDI@LBHCA"+dK<<7L Dragan Jurak, kolumna Film &Video u "Feral
Tribune", No 707, April 5, 1999.
}s+BOERPQSPT$SKEQNPKTSOTOER
OJMPTN1TOERTA9 FRPOJM8T!Moda u Atini krajem 19. xL~+?A<+:?A;B#A7/40;)B"<*A703?A
veka"+K<<<L *>4,=/I@IE3L .GDI>I;J=KL DH@KL AL 1I>I@IGIBI=L :IHL2
nra+6JMCFJLJ@JPT5KSKLSMQT!-FJG7J:JL 9JL=J"+ K<<1' x ? L z
DAFCJ9@K"+!K<B;"L rt+BT;NMOMSQOTN1T*QNP8KQNKT?NLNHNKTSPIT6%N
N1T .QKT ;NRHKGT ?00oooLL0
wr+=2R-ISPSTCJ@S+nK<<7L LL
#=9@=63A+B>/935A2B95 @?3><. 1VS

AUZ+]Y[T\C
9]X]\C
-FH:JECK IV
"1A4<64A<>+4@=@B"3%<A; A9//7A9/9 *06J0,
.Z[LX]R
6
!HGHFK>LFJBKEL)J;HGJE6L1H K4KLGKL<IF<A
+&.L(!2(!!"+K<KL y~G L/ben Karavelov.
S0brani s0~ineni1 .Sabrana delaGTL6++
mu+Politi~ka povijest Hrvatske+LQ+ K<17L
nK<<EL
}~t+l !% )&% )#%
su+BL>SPQSTSPITBL>SPQSPKTQPT%NMLITSMO ")#()'%#&(')$(')#())!"&%#&(')("&
!.><KGJ=KLJL.><KG7JLALEBHDECI=LA@HDGIEDJ"GT !'!()&() $'$()$(')&()&%$'$()$(')"%'()
#('
Lnb+K<<EL )$()( & )&% )"%k!1KBHDL@>K?J@
/A?J@KLCKCIL?KLJ9BACALCIFJEDLJ9LFKG7AECJ,
-4@=@B>0=>96;B8@?B#+3'9A<6;B!:=A95@;B@10 C4J;K6LKL?KLEHLEK8ABK=ALI?L4J,IBI;L0DHDGI;
=?;B163-; !H@HL@I?HFGHLJLEKBFH@HGHLJEDIFJ=H6 ADJ7K=K6LJLILDI@HL0DKL<JLDFH<K>IL?KL<A?H
I<FKHGHLGKLIEGIBAL:FJ@KFGJ,LJ9BIFK"+ ;>KBGJL:FH?@HDL4J,IBJ,LEDA?J=K"+@
BEE;L >29?:804>@+.L{LvL}/+K<6EL
:55 !%EDIFJ=KL;F8CI;LGKFI?K"+LKBL $@*64>9?<.BB&1=,B64-9>;

G ;E0KB0EK+)"%('&#&()&)()

}L+BL>QPS<T!" ++L;7+ !-IEH<GILJ9?K4HL9<I;I@L?FK,@J"+L>L
;K+K1<1L
L~+!%:61A;BA?:?0(@)
rQr+?OJIQJLTQKONMQRQTPSOGQNPSLR ?B:2<=>=@34-<>;B=6;B @78@<?8.;B:8-6;B=A<BA
PT" PNSKOMRT!-FIA8KBK4HLGK7JIGK>GH @?%<@ ! IEJ:L*HEJI?KCE3L$K>CKGECHLCIIF?J2
JEDIFJ=HLALGK0J@L0CI>K@K"+$$#! " K11<L GKDHLAL(3LBHCA"+BEE>L
r|w+.RMSLIQCST?EQDOSMRT!.><KGECK ~+ RMNPQHTIRT0SIS<T$LSHJMQTQ

,HFK>?JCK"+"# BEEEL BM>MQOT! HFIGJ@L?HL#K?K3L.><KGECKL9KEDKBK"G
vhK<6L
!:=A95@B=6;B$+19A2B>:@?/<?8.>0=>96
!1FH?4IBHCIBGKLJL@I?HFGK s~t+RDMSTO!T@2RIEJMST!+?K<FKGK
JEDIFJ=KL&J:FK"+z+x ?H>K"+v+lzsk+K<<;L
{+BEEKL
s~t+%9<IFLJ9L:FH:JECH1896-1942G
~mGTB0lgarski dnevnik yBEEEL
!$A;KFECJL?GHBGJC"GTLK.K16<QK11K/+ K<<7L
Konstituci1 na B0lgarskoto kn1èstvo
-\[RX]L
4[T\H\C
*ZR ,
EDKBJL&GH5HBJGHLJ !EDKBL<A;KFECHLCGH5HBJGH"+K16<L
&FK/HBJGHL1F<J=H
.Z[LX]R
6
K>K
.>.>@/;?>4?
Konstentin Konstantinov !-ADLCFI9LBHCIBH"G :'5:4@ !'K7J=KLJL:FKBIE>KB/H3L.BKGDAFH

K<<6L =H?GI;LI?GIEK3L+?L;F8CHL?IL<A;KFECHL0J9@H"+
uBEEBL
{~+!:=A95@B8@?B3>/39@5@B:=@
>776<?8,B:'A7>5@B )B</:=?80 *H@IKFJL:FIDHL*KDH=HL'HGK?IBJ K
.Z[LX]R
@<=?8>54><AB8@?B?(>A7A3?8-;B19A>8=,:>?;) &
"<*A703?AB8>?4-</<)B? 7?A39@5@B:'A7?8%<
>3'>?9?(5/< !%EDIFJ=KLJL;HI;FKJ=KLAL;F8CJ@ lpk+K<K<BKL
0CI>K@KL(2(!(3L1K?F5K=LJLJ?HI>I0CH
J@:>JCK7J=H3L.GDI>I;J=KLDHCEDIBK3 .L/+:KONMQST0NH)PQRQTP
$J<>JI;FKJ=KLA<HGJCK"+K<11L OR,ORT!#A@AGECKLJEDIFJ=KLALDHCEDIBJ@K"+
$$#! " BEEK
Emilij Laszowsky, Stari i novi Zagreb, Zagreb 1994.
ut+?ECNLLSOTRT;SMST+NH>!OSMRT?EQDR
yo+6ERTRHRM@RPFRTN1THNIRMPT !-FBHLK><KGECHLGK7JIGK>GHL0CI>H"+vK<61L
6JMCR8+!'KEDKGKCL@I?HFGHLAFECH" pfK<1L
Nacak, GIBJGH, 73, October 7th 1960L
Radoš Ljuši}, Knjiga o na~ertaniju, Beograd
1993. q[tz+.S8SOT=RT" " : !*I=L5JBIDLJ
EH K4K :"GTK<<BL
Radoš Ljuši}, Istorija srpske dràvnosti. Kniga II.
Srbija i Crna Gora - novovekovne srpske dràve,
&I>MSPQTORCKON=QT-STQKONMQ2SOSTPSTHSCRINPKCQNO
Novi Sad 2001.
PSMNI+!+?K<FKGJLDHCEDIBJLILJEDIFJ=J
yy+->9?3-7/=A;B@:57>?A<B? @KCH?IGECI;LGKFI?K"++|K<6L
:@=29?8-;B>64>95(>;B8@?B=AB>*<?80B.=64@G
A4/7A44T!Perigelotos Vasilion; 1KDJFJ8CH ~p+&1589?:?;B>?;B=6<B1>95

GIBJGHLJLGK7JIGK>GIL:JDK4H (1875-1886)"G >A>776<?8.;B&8876:5@;B:+<=A4A<B@1,<=6:?<B=A2
+u+BEEBL :AA+B(?(@:8,7A2B$)B>02=A2B,4 @
!&I@HGDKFLCFKDCI;LI?;IBIFKLI<FK9IBKGI;
{y.L/+*RTLS A8JDH/KL;IE:I?JGKL'HIJDAEKLK@BKEKLI
;MNPJPFQSHRPOTLST(RHNMSPIJHTA447A49< @I?HFGI=L;F8CI=L7FCBJ"+K1;<L
!" " "! R,DMRKQRTSTLJDORQ

PSOG QNPSLRTSTMNH)PQLNMT!+?L+<=KBHL?I ~Lpt+BOSOMC++LL
*H@IFKG?A@K3L*H@IFKG?JEDJ8CJL:ICFHD6
J9FK9LGK7JIGK>GHL<IF<HL#A@AGK"+$$#! " uGT?LS=NPQF7#JL@SMQSPT.QKONM8
K<<;L !Slovensko-bugarska istorija"GTwLvK<<BL
v+&DRMRT!)H>K".Lr .L/+"9'>5A<B=/<
$!$Q}+}s/+$$#! " 1@9@<04/339,/<B=A2B$219?@8A+B"3%<A;

K<61L A9//7A9/9 !.F,JBJLDK=GHL<IF<HL&J:FKGK"+
zK<1>L
(SCRINPQJHGTBPONLN@Q2STPSTHSCRINPKCSOS
PSFQNPSLPN7DNLQOQFECSTHQKLS !Makedonium, +B+5 TAB,77A ++5
KGDI>I;J=KL@KCH?IGECHLGK7JIGK>GI2:I>JDJ8CH !AKEL, ?FA;KL;F8CKLCI@AGJEDJ8CKL:KFDJ=K"G
@JE>J"+|+BEE;L K<1>L
Lt+-A7?=?8.B!:=A95@B=6;B>/=-9@;
-@9*><%< !;SMOERPNP" H]W[N\W+}K16KL
&77,(A; !-I>JDJ8CKLJEDIFJ=KL@I?HFGHLF8CH"+
wL+K<L
Nikola Paši}, Sloga Srbo-Hrvata, Beograd 1995.
L+ *<A;B8@?BA9*(A5@)B?B1>9?1-=>?>;
4?@;B:'-:6;)B"10B=AB&77@(?80
B:=ABA273@9?80 Pavi}evi} Branko, Raspopovi} Radoslav,
K>B
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
Crnogorski zakonici, tom IV , Podgorica 1998. lqLs{k+L>+

BEE;L
Branko Petranovi}, Mom~ilo Ze~evi} (eds.),
Jugoslavija 1918-1988. Zbirka dokumenata. Drugo .3@B>7>:=?<7.B1@<=@B=@B:/04><@
izmenjeno izdanje, Beograd, 1988. !1K<FKGKL?H>KL#J;HLI?L HFH"+Lw.L
L~/+BEEEL
Petranovi} Branko, Ze~evi} Mom~ilo, Istorija
Jugoslavije 1918–1988, Beograd 1988. 0NH)PQSTPTFEQDJMQT! =RIRMQT!0NHSPQSTQP
QHS@RKTSPITDNKOFSMIK"$$#! "+K<BL
LLgz|Y+:-S>MSPSTDQKHS+
K<1>L Vedrana Rudan, Uho, grlo, no`, Zagreb 2002.
August [enoa, Zagrebulje, Zagreb 1980.
L+A4@<=?8,B'90<?@)B!(>A7A35>;B8@?
<AA=9A15>;B:=6<B&77,(@B=A2 A4"7A44" #64@5>;B>7>2*>95@;)B#277A3.B=A2B&*<?8A+
!#I@KGDJ8GHL;I?JGH3L%?HI>I;J=HLJL@HGDK>JL2 !:=A9?8A+BA2:>5A2 !]WU]TZ
WO[K[RZ
DHDJLALF8CI=6L(
2(
"+K<<;L 9[OZSI\Q]
Y]I\[Y]OY[L
\WU[X\QWS[L
PVMZQ]"+
VT[RY\
UZSWU L~LtQ+K<<L
{L+?OSOT! 'SOG QJPR<T?OSORLR7PQOR
SLRTBJKOMQRQT(SMQ<T?OJIQQTDNLQOQFRTPT=RIRMRS ?LN=RPKCSTCMNPQCSTA9<TKONLRO2ST(1>IBHGK8CK
!! DMN>LRHRQTPSOG QNPSLRT! STFMQ-RLNMTFNPKOQ7 ,FIGJCKL(!3LBHCK 1861-1883)G z|+
OJOG QNPSLRTIQPTBJKOMN7P@SMQST!)F5KBKLJLGK7J=K3 y||BEE;L
=H?J4HGHL?F5KBHLBH>JCHL.AEDFJ=H3
-I>JDJ8CHLEDA?J=HLEL7J/H@L?KLEHLFH0J 1F:ECKL8JDKGCKL9KLGJ5HL;J@GK9J=HLJLFHK>CH
GK7JIGK>GJL:FI<>H@LJLCIGEDJDA7JIGK>GK *AU[Q]Y
=[T]S[T\C,
.Z[LX]R

CFJ9KLAL.AEDFIA;KFECI="+.L
{+ /+$$#! " K<<6L Hristo Stambolski, Avtobiografi1 , dnevni-
ci, spomeni !FJEDIL1DK@ECJL.ADI<JI;FKJ=K3
}+?JDDLR,TQ>RLLJKTSLSFENMJHTNM )GHBGJ7J3L*H@IKFJ"GTK<B6+LBL
6ERT;NLQOQFSLT?OMJ@@LRTN1TOERT0NHSPQSPKT\O\
N[O\U\HS]
K[XK]
;VPVY]
V
3X]YW\OT]Y\Q\ r.L/+$MNHT?OSLQPQKHTONT;LJMSLQKH<
U[S[P

TZS]++K<6KL BT*NFJHRPOSM8TEQKONM8TN1T5SKORMPT5JMNDRTKQPFR
A9/GT+zojK<<L
m+?LN=RPKCQTPSMNIPQT=-DNPT!9>HD
E>IBHGK8CI;LGKFI?K"+y||K<<BL Dubravka Ugre{i}, Ameri~ki fikcionar,
Zagreb/Beograd 2002.
L.L/+$>54><@B3?@B=6776<?8.
?A46'@<5@B=A<BA @?%<@)B2:?8.B>-7?6B. LxLw+&157>8=>;B @:?8-;
19A:=@:5@ !)ICA@HGDJLIL;F8CI=LJG?AEDFJ=JLAL(!3 ?:=A9?8-;B163-;B=6;B>776<?8.;B>1@<@:=,:>/;
BHCA3L-FJFI?GJLFK9BI=LJ>JL?F5KBGKL<FJ;K"+ !+?K<FKGJLIEGIBGJLJ9BIFJLIL;F8CI=LFHBI>A7J2
K<<>L =J"+v+w+K<<EL
Gjorgji Pulevski, %9<FKGJLDHCEDIBJ, Skopje 1985. w+6ERTOMJOETNPTBL>SPQSTSPITOER

BL>SPQSPKGTEQKONMQFSLTSPITFMQOQFSLTRKKS8K+!%EDJGK
IL.><KGJ=JLJL.><KG7J@K6LJEDIFJ=ECJLJ
Stjepan Radic, Izabrani politi~ki spisi, Opatija,
1995. CFJDJ8CJLHEH=J" yK<<<L
Ivan Vazov. Az s0m b0lgar~e.

Boò Repe, Viri o demokratizaciji in osamosvo-
Stihotvoreni1 za deca !:TSHT#JL@SMQSP<T;NRHK
jitvi Slovenije (I. del: Opozicija in oblast) !%9BIFJ
1NMTFEQLIMRP"<TPlovdiv, BEE7L
IL?H@ICFKDJ9K7J=JLJLGH9KBJEGIEDJL1>IBHGJ=H
-FBJL?HI6L+:I9J7J=KLJLB>KED"+y||BEEBL
K>;
.>.>@/;?>4?
xw+#=A'@:4A5B>?;B=A2; L}Li+:KONMQSTMNH)PQLNMTIQPT*SFQS
1@90<=@;B89?:54A;B8@?9+;B=A2B*/4@<?8A+ "!" !%EDIFJ=KL#A@AGKLI?LFK=KGIBHL)KCJ=H"+
$9,=A2; !#K9@J0/K4HLILDFHGADGI=LCFJ9JLA (
\MR]FZ .LwL" !$Q`+Ln/+
DAFECI=L?F5KBJ"G ~K17KL $$#! " K<17L
dLw+6ERT&OONHSPT5HDQMR T e|+;JONDQKTDNT#NKPQTA4/7A4+
:OKTMRFNMITSPITLR@SF8+!AFECIL7KFEDBILJEDIFJ=K |K<1K
JL9KBH0DK4H" zomK<7L
w|g}|}+;NI@NMQCSTKCJDOQPS
qe+3MPSTNMSTJTR@-QLJ++ A9A4+n+K<1<L
+BEE>L
ST.M=SOKCJ+nK<<BL
Martin Wein, Dodjoh, vidjeh, zapisah, Zagreb 1966.
K>>
=?)>4:
>
8;?1:
7
47/@>A3@$=@4
:1;@2>
P?N
P?P } L u+ u xL {f+ 6ER
;SL@MS=RT 3NPFQKRT .QKONMQFSLT BOLSKT N1T OERT #SLCSPK+
zo j+ BEEK+ B7L !The Palgrave, *K>J
JEDILFJ=LECJLKD>KEL$K>CKGK"
P?P :>QI<GTB1L
P?P :>QI<GT;7L
P?P ~Lp\.L/+;EQLLQDKTBOLSKTN1
NMLIT.QKONM8GTNPINP r+K<<<+LBBEL
!Phillip's KD>KELEBHDECHLJEDIFJ=H"
K>7
iii
"Q"Q&
1]GZ
P\GBZFZ
S][
H\U][I]
[TZ
SF\LZ
TZ[P]
Y]P
QZ
T]EY[
\
S][
[IZY]
Y]GZL
X]R]
\
M]
NO]Y\X]FZ
Y]G\D
KVRVC\D
N[RVDT]U]
)ZYU]X
M]
RZP[SX]U\QV
\
N[P\XZFZ
V
QVL[\WU[HY[Q
:TX[N\
(CDRSEE) QZ
M]QZRY[
W]
KX[QY\P
S[OZL]P]
\
W]X]RY\I\P]
VO[E\[
[LX[P]Y
UXVR
TXZPZ
\
RX]L[IZYZ
R[SVPZYUZ
V
NX[QZS]U
"=]WU]T]
P[RZXYZ
\WU[X\QZ
QVL[\WU[HYZ
:TX[NZ!
]
XZMVOU]U
QZ
SF\L]
S[QV
RXE\UZ
V
XVS]P]
8]
K\WP[
NX[TZX\O\
VWNZGY[WU
Y]GZL
PZU[R]
S[X\WY[WU
[T[L
N[RVDT]U]
\
TXZRY[WU
Y]GZ
\YTZWU\I\QZ
T[OZO\
K\WP[
R]
R]UZ
WT[QV
[IZYV
NX[QZSU]
-[O\P[
M]
T]GZ
\WSXZY[
P\GBZFZ
M]
GU]
CZ
T]P
K\U\
N[UXZKY[
\MTZWY[
TXZPZ
\
UXVR
2[WOZ
H\U]F]
[TZ
SF\LZ
\O\
H]S
FZY[L
S[X\GCZF]
V
X]MXZRV
P[O\P[
T]W
R]
[RZUZ
Y]
Y]G
TZK
W]QU
Y]<ZUZ
History Workbooks section \
N[NVY\UZ
[KX]M]I
M]
[IZF\T]FZ
[XPVO]X
M]
ZT]OV]I\QV
P[EZUZ
Y]C\
[R]TRZ#
www.cdrsee.org/jhp/evaluate_eng.html
?S[
D[CZUZ
R]
Y]P
WZ
R\XZSUY[
[KX]U\UZ
N\G\UZ
Y]P
Y]#
infocdrsee.org \
T]G
!" CZ
K\U\
R\XZSUY[
VNVCZY
YZS[PZ
[R
S[[XR\Y]U[X]

7S[O\S[
EZO\UZ
N\G\UZ
Y]P
Y]#
Center for Democracy and Reconciliation in Southeast Europe (CDRSEE)

Krispou 9, Ano Poli, 54634 Thessaloniki, Greece
K>6
{QXPXGVJW@XIWHXRFR9GWCXIWHW
=XUVMSX9W9GWVPTCX4U9WHT+2TVJUXM
<>.>QKB/-K10K<-.E;7LE76L16>/
;BKLEK?;B;LK.>QKB/-K10K<-.E;7LE76L16>/
*4%*54DWPXSCXLB+=XIWHTWMU,XOTR
HRJVWNPVDSVH:OUVFW0RUTMSWIX
3WUTGXQ&RAWSWIX3RUJTNCR'!FUTOVMNX
TSJGTNCVJJURFXFUTOVMWGXIX"LQ;LW@MLQ
2TVJUXM?)XS UX#'4VGRS?$TSPXU@X
MTAVCUXPWHRWFVAWUT(TRHRJVWNPVDSVH:OUVFW
v?{}
qx+BEKB
.2TVJUXM?$WITUV/LQK>6NPUL?WGRNPUL'
B6LQ.=XNPXOXAVMTUSTWNPVUWHT
HRJVWNPVDST:OUVFT?MVMXPSWSXNPXOSW
AXPTUWHXGW0RUTMSWIXW@MX(XSX NUFNCVA HT@WCR
)R9UXOCX4PVHXSVOW/
8UTOVMMTGX?z
xLQ%WUX,KLEEELQOVM?NPULK;QK7LQ
=XFVATSTR@PTCNPLQ2W9GWVJUX#WHX?NPUL
K>EQK>>L
z<61Q1Q1;7K6Q7Q6.) /
z<61Q1Q1;7K6Q;Q;.@XW@MXOXDCRITGWSR/
KL3RUJTNCR+3WUTGXQ&RAWSWIX!RUTMSWC"
/=XIWVSXGSVFWPX(TQ5RJVWNPVDSX:OUVFX
QK<QBEOQ8UWURDSWIW/=XIWVSXGSXMU,XOX
Q5RJVWNPVDSX:OUVFXQK<QBEOQ8UWURDSWIW
/=XIWVSXGW@XAQ5RJVWNPVDSX:OUVFXQ
K<QBEOQ8UWURDSWIW/5RJVWNPVDSX:OUVFXQ
*NPVUWHXQK<QBEOQ8UWURDSWIW
{pLqQ}K1<;K717B

Workbook2 SRB Ed3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Workbook2 SRB Ed3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Workbook2 SRB Ed3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

27,0!

$7+76 DJL>NO>LHBKOI HDKEHFL<OJNEN 

IV:/= +ECK>NIO%N@M#O 45(4627/6107-.'/6*4(4032/6/2/-716)/,4.&4052.'5

 1GILDNILO6JAGFLOINJLBILOAL>LJM8EKOHO LDL?O6NBH7O

  JDMOGDKEGFMOJNE7OALDLBO>NOM><MCN-KOJNENOCKONEKIENEOIN

)%.*(+&)* ,%+( +&,-

IEE, vol. 0

I=B4AQ MKQ MCLI=LP>I3PKIQ MQ KP;OMKPE=

I=4)AQ LOJGMQ $MGNFQ P3GMQ $I>PLOQ GLN7P

EPKQ XXIII 1\W[S]

EPKQ XXXIV 1\W[SZ

EPKQ LIX ZL[T[

I=/)AQ &MFMLQ N@PE=?P3NQ IQ P@PJHIQ M

I=)BAQ -LNCEM>Q CPQ JNQ JGFMLOQ @PHNCMKJHP \YUX\LZ

II=BBQ NOKO;ODPQ CL,PF+PKPQ IQ >L2HM@ 7

L J@HL EBHDI;L JL GH?H/JBI;L DFI=EDBK6 LXHS\ 8Z[

-LNGFPLP5NQ JGPLO'Q @NLPQ IQ KMFNQ OQ M7L= 1EAQ*AQQMFNQGN'KMEM>ODNQOQKP;OMKPEKO

IICAQ1GFPLP5NQKP;ODN II=/BAQ KP2PDQ DN<OHPQ <PQ OCNKGOOHP;ODIQ J

II=/4AQ "Q <KP2PDIQ DN<OHPQ <PQ OCNKGOGNG \

II=//AQ -NGO;ODPQ 'LFPGJHM>Q 1P7MLPQ LP5O

II=/8AQ ?IGJGFPQ <PQ ?LNCPFP5NQ OJGMLODNQ I O\

II=/6AQ -MHI3PDQ CPQ !I@IKODPQ CM7ODNQ JFMD V

II=)BAQ E7PKJHOQ HLP+Q M>IQ I MQ <KP2PDI

III=BAQ -LPFPQ OQ M7PFN<NQ LI@IKJHNQ KP;ODN( S[QZP

&AQ M?3GPFP5NQ OQ ?MDNCKMJGPF+OFP5N Y\I]

III=*AQ $OGOQ E7PKP;Q #Q @O3+N5NQ -P3HP QZ

III=0AQ $OGOQ IL2OKQ #Q @O3+N5NQ CLQ !O<N

III=8AQ$OGOQ1EMFNKP;Q#QO@OGLODNQ!I?NEQM III=6AQ 1NP5PQ &NML>PQ MKNJHI=&OMKP

III=B.AQ M,OF+PDQ AQ AQ $LNOEJMLCP

III=BBAQ !O>PQ MCQ NLNQ #Q ?LNCEM>Q <PJGPFNQ O KZOZ

III=B8AQ 1PFLN@NKOQ OJGMLO2PLQ MQ OJGMLODO ('6

IV=BAQ P;OMKPEKNQ ?LNCLPJICNQ ?LN@P QZ

IV=4AQ P3GMQ DNQ CLQ !O<PQ ILQ MC7OMQ CPQ JN 7

?LMNJMLPQ OHMEPMJPQ 1PLO?MEMJPQ O

IV=BBAQ -NLJ?NHGOFNQ ENFO2PLJHNQ ?PLGODN R\YWUT]

IV=B/AQO+NFOQ 'LFPGJHM>Q?LM+NP ( IV=B)AQ N@MLPKCI@Q 1L?JHNQ PHPCN@ODN

IV=4BAQ !PJ?MEINKOQ OCNKGOGNGQ DNCKN Q]

IV=4%AQ <DP35PFP5NQ !I@IKPQ OQ PPLPQ MQ @NIJM7KO@Q MCKMJO@PQ IQ ?MCLI2DO@PQ J

-]<]X\ &  0(

uGT3NHDLRORTNMCKT!1K<FKGKL?H>K"G ~LvL}+$A9@.;B8@?B6B>1A .B=A2

xt+BOSOMCTEOQLSLQ Ljubodrag Dimi}, Istorija srpske dr`avnosti.

Rodoljub ^olakovi}, AVNOJ i narodnooslobodi- mLs+BL>SPQSPT'SOQNPSLQKHT

sL.L/+5SKORMPT5JMNDRSP Ivan Frano Juki}, Putopisi i istorisko-etnografski

#=9@=63A+B>/935A2B95 @?3><. 1VS

:55 !%EDIFJ=KL;F8CI;LGKFI?K"+LKBL $@*64>9?<.B B&1=,B64-9>;

 G ;E0KB0EK+)"%('& #&()&)()

r|w+.RMSLIQCST?EQDOSMRT!.><KGECK ~+ RMNPQHTIRT0SIS<T$LSHJMQTQ

Konstentin Konstantinov !-ADLCFI9LBHCIBH"G :'5:4@ !'K7J=KLJL:FKBIE>KB/H3L.BKGDAFH

A4/7A44T!Perigelotos Vasilion; 1KDJFJ8CH ~p+&1589?:?;B>?;B=6<B1>95

!" "  "! R,DMRKQRTSTLJDORQ

v+&DRMRT!)H>K".Lr   .L/+"9'>5A<B=/<

$!$Q}+}s/+$$#! " 1@9@<04/<B>339,/<B=A2B$219?@8A+B"3%<A;

Crnogorski zakonici, tom IV , Podgorica 1998. lqLs{k+L>+

Gjorgji Pulevski, %9<FKGJLDHCEDIBJ, Skopje 1985. w+6ERTOMJOETNPTBL>SPQSTSPITOER

Ivan Vazov. Az s0m b0lgar~e.

Center for Democracy and Reconciliation in Southeast Europe (CDRSEE)

You might also like

$7+76 DJL>NO>LHBKOI HDKEHFL<OJNEN

IV:/= +ECK>NIO%N@M#O45(4627/6107-.'/6*4(4032/6/2/-716)/,4.&4052.'5

1GILDNILO6JAGFLOINJLBILOAL>LJM8EKOHO LDL?O6NBH7O

JDMOGDKEGFMOJNE7OALDLBO>NOM><MCN-KOJNENOCKONEKIENEOIN

)%.(+&) ,%+( +&,-

IEE, vol. 0

I=B4AQ MKQ MCLI=LP>I3PKIQ MQ KP;OMKPE=

I=4)AQ LOJGMQ $MGNFQ P3GMQ $I>PLOQ GLN7P

EPKQ XXIII 1\W[S]

EPKQ XXXIV 1\W[SZ

EPKQ LIX ZL[T[

I=/)AQ &MFMLQ N@PE=?P3NQ IQ P@PJHIQ M

II=BBQ NOKO;ODPQ CL,PF+PKPQ IQ >L2HM@ 7

L J@HL EBHDI;L JL GH?H/JBI;L DFI=EDBK6 LXHS\ 8Z[

-LNGFPLP5NQ JGPLO'Q @NLPQ IQ KMFNQ OQ M7L= 1EAQ*AQQMFNQGN'KMEM>ODNQOQKP;OMKPEKO

IICAQ1GFPLP5NQKP;ODN II=/BAQ KP2PDQ DN<OHPQ <PQ OCNKGOOHP;ODIQ J

II=//AQ -NGO;ODPQ 'LFPGJHM>Q 1P7MLPQ LP5O

II=/8AQ ?IGJGFPQ <PQ ?LNCPFP5NQ OJGMLODNQ I O\

II=)BAQ E7PKJHOQ HLP+Q M>IQ I MQ <KP2PDI

&AQ M?3GPFP5NQ OQ ?MDNCKMJGPF+OFP5N Y\I]

III=0AQ $OGOQ IL2OKQ #Q @O3+N5NQ CLQ !O<N

III=8AQ$OGOQ1EMFNKP;Q#QO@OGLODNQ!I?NEQM III=6AQ 1NP5PQ &NML>PQ MKNJHI=&OMKP

III=B.AQ M,OF+PDQ AQ AQ $LNOEJMLCP

III=BBAQ !O>PQ MCQ NLNQ #Q ?LNCEM>Q <PJGPFNQ O KZOZ

III=B8AQ 1PFLN@NKOQ OJGMLO2PLQ MQ OJGMLODO ('6

IV=BAQ P;OMKPEKNQ ?LNCLPJICNQ ?LN@P QZ

IV=4AQ P3GMQ DNQ CLQ !O<PQ ILQ MC7OMQ CPQ JN 7

?LMNJMLPQ OHMEPMJPQ 1PLO?MEMJPQ O

IV=BBAQ -NLJ?NHGOFNQ ENFO2PLJHNQ ?PLGODN R\YWUT]

IV=B/AQO+NFOQ'LFPGJHM>Q?LM+NP( IV=B)AQ N@MLPKCI@Q 1L?JHNQ PHPCN@ODN

IV=4BAQ !PJ?MEINKOQ OCNKGOGNGQ DNCKN Q]

IV=4%AQ <DP35PFP5NQ !I@IKPQ OQ PPLPQ MQ @NIJM7KO@Q MCKMJO@PQ IQ ?MCLI2DO@PQ J

-]<]X\ & 0(

uGT3NHDLRORTNMCKT!1K<FKGKL?H>K"G ~LvL}+$A9@.;B8@?B6B>1A.B=A2

xt+BOSOMCTEOQLSLQ Ljubodrag Dimi}, Istorija srpske dr`avnosti.

Rodoljub ^olakovi}, AVNOJ i narodnooslobodi- mLs+BL>SPQSPT'SOQNPSLQKHT

sL.L/+5SKORMPT5JMNDRSP Ivan Frano Juki}, Putopisi i istorisko-etnografski

#=9@=63A+B>/935A2B95 @?3><. 1VS

:55 !%EDIFJ=KL;F8CI;LGKFI?K"+LKBL $@*64>9?<.BB&1=,B64-9>;

G ;E0KB0EK+)"%('&#&()&)()

r|w+.RMSLIQCST?EQDOSMRT!.><KGECK ~+ RMNPQHTIRT0SIS<T$LSHJMQTQ

A4/7A44T!Perigelotos Vasilion; 1KDJFJ8CH ~p+&1589?:?;B>?;B=6<B1>95

!" " "! R,DMRKQRTSTLJDORQ

v+&DRMRT!)H>K".Lr .L/+"9'>5A<B=/<

$!$Q}+}s/+$$#! " 1@9@<04/<B>339,/<B=A2B$219?@8A+B"3%<A;

Crnogorski zakonici, tom IV , Podgorica 1998. lqLs{k+L>+

Gjorgji Pulevski, %9<FKGJLDHCEDIBJ, Skopje 1985. w+6ERTOMJOETNPTBL>SPQSTSPITOER