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Ijciet Analytical Study On Stress-Strain Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Column
Ijciet Analytical Study On Stress-Strain Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Column
Ijciet Analytical Study On Stress-Strain Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Column
ABSTRACT
Reinforced concrete columns are main load bearing members in any type of structure, which contribute lateral
stiffness also. There are two types of reinforcements in a column ie. Longitudinal and transverse reinforcements.
Longitudinal reinforcements are provided parallel to the longitudinal axis of column and transverse reinforcements may
be hoop, ties or spirals. Stress-strain behaviour of column is important in order to find out the available ductility from a
column by moment curvature analysis. This paper presents analytical study on stress-strain behaviour of reinforced
concrete column by modelling concrete and steel part separately. A new finite element software Calculix and ANSYS
software are used for the analysis. The results were validated using the available experimental data.
1. INTRODUCTION
Reinforced concrete columns are main load bearing members of any type of structure. It is necessary to design
and detail the column member adequately since it support beams and slabs and transfer the load to the foundation. There
are two types of reinforcements in a column element. They are; (1)Longitudinal reinforcements: To take care of the
moments and forces in columns. Provided parallel to the longitudinal axis of the column. (2)Transverse reinforcements:
It may be hoops, ties or spirals. It is provided to take care of local buckling, shear resistance and it confines the concrete
also. So transverse reinforcements increases the strength and ductility of column member.
Stress-strain behaviour of column is important in order to find out the available ductility from a column element
by moment curvature analysis. Many studies have been conducted in reinforced concrete columns. In such studies many
of them are experimental studies and others numerical are numerical approaches. In that experimental programes the
maximum load carrying capacity, effect of confinement, ductility etc. were studied. The numerical apporoaches are
proposed a number of mathematical models, from which the stress- strain behaviour can be obtained. The experimental
studies are very costly and time consuming. The use of different finite element softwares overcome such problems. In
this study the finite element softwares Calculix and ANSYS were used. Discrete modelling is adopted in ANSYS. In
both the softwares concrete and steel parts are separately modelled so that its behavior is same as that of experimental
program.
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Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
The finite element analysis softwares give a good approach to reinforced concrete members. In ANSYS
modelling graphic user interface is used while in Calculix, it is based on commands. Table I shows different column
specimens which is used in this analytical studies. To validate the results with experimental data, the same specimens
used in the experimental programs [1-2]were used in this study. These specimens were modelled in both the softwares.
2.1.2 Geometry
Columns are modelled in the same way which is used in the experimental program.
The following concrete and steel properties are defined in Calculix inputdeck and it is assigned in ANSYS.
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Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
47
Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
48
Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
2.2.2 Modelling
Modelling of all column specimens using ANSYS were done by creating a three dimensional solid (volume).
Considering symmetry and to avoid complexity only quarter portion of the specimen is modelled. After creating solid
volume meshing is done. Meshing of reinforcement is not needed. Because reinforcements were created in the modeling
through the nodes created by mesh of solid volume.
The following Figs. shows different steps in column modelling and modelled concrete part and reinforcement
part in ANSYS.
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Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
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Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
3. STATIC ANALYSIS
Static analysis was performed in Calculix and ANSYS softwares.. The stress and strain diagram obtained from
the softwares were shown in following figures. The peak stress and strain values were notted.
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Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
The values obtained from the analysis is validated with the available experimental data. The peak stress, peak
strain values were compared. Stress-strain curves were plotted.
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Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
Stress - Strain
40
35
30
Stress (MPa)
25
20
Calculix
15 ANSYS
10
5
0
0 0.002 0.004 0.006
Strain
Stress (MPa)
40 Calculix
20 Calculix
30 ANSYS
15 ANSYS
20
10
10
5
0
0
0 0.002 0.004
0 0.005
Strain Strain
Fig 29: stress-strain curve of C3 Fig 30: stress-strain curve of C4
Stress-Strain
Stress - Strain
45 70
40 60
35
50
30
Stress (MPa)
Stress (MPa)
25 40
Calculix Calculix
20 30
15 ANSYS ANSYS
20
10
5 10
0 0
0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0 0.002 0.004 0.006
Strain Strain
Fig 31: stress-strain curve of C5 Fig 32: stress-strain curve of C6
53
Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
Stress-strain
90
80
70
60
Stress (MPa)
50
40 Calculix
30 ANSYS
20
10
0
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005
Strain
Fig 33: stress-strain curve of C7 Fig 34: stress-strain curve of C8
Table II shows that comparison of peak stress and peak strain value from experimental and analytical study
(both Calculix and ANSYS). From the table, it is clear that Calculix gives more closer values to the experimental values
than that obtained from ANSYS. So Calculix is an excellent finite element software for the analysis of reinforced
concrete structures.
4. CONCLUSIONS
The following major conclusions are drawn based on the analytical studies carried out under this investigation.
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Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14)
30 – 31, December 2014, Ernakulam, India
REFERENCES
[1] J. Hoshikuma, K. Kawashima, and A. W. Taylor, Stress-Strain Model for confined Reinforced concrete in
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[2] Teng-Hooi Tan, and Ngoc-Ba Ngugen, Flexural Behaviour of High Strength Concrete Columns, ACI Structural
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[3] Shamim A. Sheikh and Ching-Chung Yeh, Tied concrete column under axial load and flexure, Journal of
Structural Engineering 2009, 2780-2800.
[4] Rami EID, 1999. Compressive behaviour of steel confined square and circular reinforced concrete columns
[5] Dr. Khaled S. Ragab and Dr. S. I. Zaki, Stress-strain behavior of concrete column with different types of
rectangular hoops, 2009.
[6] Ibrahim H. H. H, Mac Grogor J.G, Test of Eccentrically loaded High Strength Concrete Column, ACI Structural
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