Use the present continuous for actions that are happening now.

Luis is watching TV now.

He's talking with Chris.

To form the present continuous, use am, is, or are plus the -ing form of the verb.

Emi and Kate are having a snack.

Dave is making a call on his cell phone.

To make the negative, put the word not after the verb be.

Maggie is sleeping now. → Maggie is not sleeping now.

She isn't sleeping now.
We also say: 
She's not sleeping now.

Ana and Sam are eating. → Ana and Sam are not eating.

They aren't eating.
We also say: 
They're not eating.

To make yes-no questions in the present continuous, put the verb be at the beginning of the
question.

Is Luis sending a fax now?

Yes, he is.

Are Ana and Chris having a meeting now?

No, they aren't.

To make information questions in the present continuous, put the question words what, where,
and how much before the verb be.

Luis is watching TV. → Where is Luis watching TV? In his room.

We use the question, What are you doing? to ask about actions in general.

Kate: What are you doing?

Emi: I'm watching TV.

Paul: What's Maggie doing?

Laura: She's studying.

Use the present continuous for actions that are happening now.
Laura is working now.
She’s talking with Chris now.

Use the simple present tense for facts. Use the simple present with frequency adverbs.

Luis speaks three languages.

Luis usually watches TV at night.

We also use the simple present tense with want, need, andlike.

Luis wants to take a break.

Chris needs a snack.
Chris likes Ana.

For short answers to present continuous questions, use only the verb be.

Is Luis watching TV?

Yes, he is.

Use contractions for negative short answers.

Are Luis and Kate talking on the phone?

No, they aren’t.
. . . or . . .
No, they’re not.

These are information questions with who in the present continuous.

Who is talking to Emi?

Who are you talking to?

In conversations, we usually give short answers to information questions. We don't repeat the
verb.

Laura: Who are you talking to?

Paul: Maggie.

Emi: What are you watching?

Kate: The news.

Remember, we don't answer the question,

What are you watching?  with  Watching the news.

Here are some other information questions and short answers.

Julie: Who’s that woman?
Celia: Ana.

Cara: What’s that?
Pat: My new DVD.

Ali: Where’s the party?

Caesar: At my house.

Jane: When’s the meeting?

Diane: At twelve o’clock.

For short answers to questions in the simple present tense, use do or does.

Use does for he, she, it, and singular nouns. Use do for I, you, we, they, and plural nouns.

Professor: Do you like this course?

Student: Yes, I do.

Emi: Does Yoko like this course?

Jin: Yes, she does.

For negative short answers use don’t and doesn’t.

Clerk: Do you want the Vista TV?

Emi: No, I don’t.

Boss: Does she want the big TV?

Clerk: No, she doesn’t.

Here are some yes-no questions and short answers.

Emily: Are you listening?

Student: Yes, I am.

Emily: Do you like this course?

Student: Yes, I do.

To stress something, you can also give a longer answer.

Emily: Are you listening?

Student: Yes, I am listening.

Emily: Do you like this course?

Student: Yes, I like this course very much.
Bill: Who’s that woman?
Tim: That woman is my girlfriend!

 Stress = ENFATIZAR

Let's start with who.

To ask about a person, use the question word who.

Steve: Who's that woman?

Amy: She's the new designer.

Paul: Who's talking to Maggie?

Frank: Her new boyfriend.

Next, we have questions with what.

To ask about a thing, use the question word what.

Pam: What's that?
Marco: That's a DVD.

Lisa: What's in your bag?

Mark: My laptop.

Lisa: What are you doing?

Mark: I'm studying.

And next, we have questions with where.

To ask about a location, use the question word where.

Adam: Where's the café?

Cindy: It's on Oak Street.

Another information question word is when.

To ask about time use the question word when.

Sue: When's the party?

Michele: It's on Saturday.

Stacy: When's the meeting?

Arturo: It's at 3:00 p.m.

Some information questions help to clarify the meaning of something. We use the question
words what kind, which,which one, or which ones for these questions:
Chris: What kind of Engineering is Marcelo studying?
Ana: Electrical Engineering I think.

Chris: Which brother is the doctor?

Ana: Felipe. He's 28. Peter is 26, and Marcelo's 22.

Chris: Which ones live in Brazil?

Ana: Felipe and Peter.

Use the question word why to ask someone to explain something.

Chris: Why do you have Marcelo's picture on your desk?

Ana: He's my favorite brother!

We use the present continuous with information questions to ask about activities that are
happening now.

Jim: What are you studying this semester?

Rob: Spanish.

Liza: Who are you living with these days?

Jane: No one. I'm by myself.

Jack: Where are you living now?

Susan: In Boston.

Anne: Why are you studying this now?

Emilio: I always have a test on Friday.

We also use the present continuous to ask about activities in the very near future.

Greg: When are you leaving today?

Paul: I'm leaving at five o'clock.

Greg: How are you going home today?

Mary: I'm taking the bus.

Remember, for the present continuous, we form information questions by placing the question
word first, followed by the verb be.

Ana is talking to her friend. → What's Ana doing?

To ask about conditions use the question word how.

Jane: How's your daughter?
Clark: She's fine.

Yoko: How's the weather today?

Bill: It's hot.

We use how many to ask about plural count nouns.

Tom: How many brothers do you have?

Bill: Three.

Peter: How many movies do you see every month?

Linda: Two to three.

Brothers and movies are plural count nouns

We use how much to ask questions about a non-count noun.

How much time do you have left?

About two hours.

Remember, you are asking about time. Time is a non-count noun. Here are some other
common non-count nouns:

advice
clothing
food
help
homework
information
money
music
work

There are many more types of questions that use how. 

We add adjectives or adverbs to the word how to make questions like these:

Julia: How often do you visit your parents?

Henry: Usually two times a year.

Meg: How far do you travel every day?

Mary: Over 20 miles.
Javier: How long is the race?
Teresa: Ten miles.

Damian: How fast can you type?

Zack: About 50 words a minute.

Can you think of some other examples of how questions?