(2) os) om wo ay @ 6s) (2 on} (32) 658) United States Patent Badalamenti et al AND METHODS OF p=CIRCUL ATION CEMENTING OF Anthony M. Badalamentl, Katy, TX (US); Simon Turton, Kingswood, TX (US) Karl W. Blanchard, Cypress, TX (US); Ronald R. Faul, Katy, TX (US) Michael G. Crowder, Orlando, OK (US); Henry E. Rogers, Duncaa, OK (US); James E. Grifith, Loco, OK (US); B, Raghava Reddy, Duncan, OK (us) Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, In. Dunnean, OK (US) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis, pateat is extended of adjusted under 35 US. 154(b) by O days Appl. Now 117940,040 Filed: Nov. 14,2007 Prioe Publication Data US 200810087416A1 Apr 17,2008 Related US. Application Data Division of application No, 10929, 163, ied on Aug. 30, 2004, now Pat. No, 7.322.412, 2006.01) 1661386; 166/317 1660285, 166/292, 300, 177.4, 195, 316, 386, 179, 1660317, 376 ‘Sce aplication file for complete search history. 'US007503399B2 US 7,503,399 B2 Mar. 17, 2009 (10) Patent No. 4s) Date of Patent: 66) References Cited US. PATENT DOCUMENTS 2203507 A 121940 Brauer 1664 Coninved) POREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS P 0419281 a2 3/1991 (Continued) (OTHER PUBLICATIONS Notise of Publication date) Mar. 13, 2008 fom US. Appl. No 11939962, Coninved) ‘Shane Bomar Daniel P Stephenson John W. Wustenborg; Baker Primary Examiner Assistant Examiner (74) Attorney Agen, or Firm Botts, LLP. on ABSTRACT A method having the following steps: running a circulation valve comprising a reactive material into the well bore on the casing; reverse-circulating an activator material in the well bore until the activator material contacts the reactive material ofthe circulation valve;reconfiguring the circulation valve by contact of the activator material withthe reactive material: ‘and reverse-cireulatinga cement compesition in the well bare ‘until the reconfigured circulation valve decreases flow ofthe cement composition. eirenlation valve for cementing eas ing in a well bore, the valve having: @ valve housing con- rected to the casing and comprising a reactive material; a plumlity of holes in the housing, wherein the plurality of holes allow Mid communication between an inner diameter of the housing and an exterior of the housing, wherein the reactive material is expandable 1a close the plurality of holes 7 Claims, 16 Drawing SheetsUS 7,503,399 B2 Page 2 U.S. STENT DOCUMENTS 6.138799 A 102000. Chater eta 166298 618.069 A 112000. Brothers ta 06678 2290589 A DIDL. Dri nsnnmnonne 26922 (6467967 BL “12001. Sweatman 166281 2407010 A 91946 Huson oss 6196311 Bi 32001 “Tree ta 166192 Bards A194 Counts a. ons Suoeals BL 32001 Saphera souiss Jen A 81953 Réwvands 25828 uaa BL G2001 Gunes ea ites 2075082 41984 Hl ccs 16622 62430 BL 62001. Sutlaway eta BR@213 A R1DS8 Falling 25824 .258787 BL 72001 Sweatman ct a sony 2919.70 § 1960 Schwan 13768 S3UL775 BL 102001 Alanon ea as 166288 5081246 A 81962 Cla deel S3IRATD BL HZ001 Rowersee 1038 RIsNO10 A 71965 Bielaion 6367550 BL 42002 Chater eta 166295 3277962 A 1011966 Fikinger ea {6402575 BL 72002 Craik et a 33sms96 831971 Youns 6431.25 BL 82002 Bosna soso 166288 3948322 A 41976 ‘Baker {6434001 BL 92002 Thompsoncti = 16625014 3pa8 886 A 411976. Carian a. ‘6457524 BL 102002 6298, 3psi2ox A 41976 Delano {6467546 B2 102002 Alanon ea 166381 4108069 A B197S Baker {6aS1898 BI 112002. Duserbot et 166381 A271916 G98! Willams sais SabAGOH 2 L12002 Allman ea ‘60201 4300653 A 1/1981. Stewart 66250 ‘easoss BL 122002 Rob etal tee.288 4308298 A 121981. Suton cnn 18-293 {648.089 Bi 122002 Bour etal. 166292 4340427 A 71982 Suton 10657 (648,763 82122002 Brother eta. tos62 4367093 A 1983 Burka el 10637 {640.022 8242003 Deol eta 166278 RENLI90 B 41983 Deitel 166295, Se20904 BS 9200 Zain 4480010 A $1984 Barat ea 10687 {6622.79 BL 92003 Rogers eta 1.380 440.174 A 9:1984 Freeman 166202 6866266 B2 12200 Serre 16601 4a74241 A 101984 Freeman {6679336 B2 12004 Munetwhite ta» 166388 4510452 A $1988 Ta etal 66288 Oo1S38) BD 42004 Rey cal. 166.300 453138 A 71985 Rove 166283 672MM BD 42004 Reddy etal 166292 4548271 A 101985 Keer 166291 8996938 B2 42001 Seka eal e038 4555269 A 1/1988 Rao ta 10600 6732797 BL $2004 Walerseta oven 166291 S68 878 A 1986 Sion tl 10687 Sa5R2e1 B 7204 Selloey ta 10386 Aer138@ A 61987 Baer a 166285 {6802374 BD 102004 Edstr ea 166285, 4676502 81987 Childs tal 10690 {6808024 B2 102004 Sehwendemann sal 160387 Ayo1986 121988 Trsion ‘66288 81098 BD 11004 Samael 10285 b61465 A 101950 Beane 6 184 Sannsrs B2+ ‘4000 Side sa tee Sm24273 A 61991 Coone eta 166299 7238913 B2 62007 Thomvon SUI7910 A 61992 Brandlletal.ss-es- 168291 ogsoon7Os AL 12008. Reynolds 1012 Su28455 A 1002. Hause a 66292 Gonuooasett Al 22008 Ovenr iaasoas S133409 4 T1902 Bouretal 166293 29030072208 AL 42003 Ronen ca 06 16 SiM7.565 A 91992 Bowret al 2528551 3900192605 AL 102003 Dilenbuck etal. 166285 A Y1993 Campentr cess 16G28S Dona ORS AL “420D4 Livingstone 17861 S206 A 1903 King etal 166293 Gynaoowined Al S204 Edpnret a 166285 S202 A 121998 Schulte 66.974 Dn #ONHTS AL 52004 ArcenemR soreness 166173 S2ori6s4 A 31994 Loughlin 166387 dona 0101080 AL 62004 Hivetd etal 13887 SBISLIS A 61994 Duell 466202 dyna o10wos2 AL 62004 Tivingsone i761 SRIMASK AG 1994 oneset a 166291 Spuaoiros2 Al 92001 our 166285, $36.92 A 11/1904 Hale ta 166293 ag04 0231646 AL 112004 Grithet a ours 166291 $368.86 A 11/1994 Betinger aonsiosts46 AL 32005 Hanncean 1157 Saseo1 A 111896 Gita 166293 aynsom2s7E AL 42005 Std etal. Sa04107 A 211996 Bode 466285 yng 016599 AL 1/2006 Balalaneteal ..- 166285 S807345 A 41996 Wehunt ie tal 166288 9960016600 81 1/2006 Badalamenti etal. 165285 5590086 8911996 Devprashad etal cs. SO7219— gpgonarros Al 32006, Baalamentct al. M66 285 SS7I28 A 11/196 allen 3662 20060076138 AL 42005 Rogerset al. SS77865 A 11/1996 Mangus eal. nave #08266 9pg0pHe409 AL 42006 Badalamenl eal. 166250.14 Seatont A 61997 Muay eat 46291 aynemnwsso> Al 42006 Reikiyea 16291 Sioaraud A 71907 Sallaway etal" ies 2428 AynaoowesDs AL 42000 Rely tal 166298, S718 A 911997 MeKinie W66285 SONG OSIOIS AL 62006 Rogar eal 166.285, 8518292 A 21998 Healhnan ea sons 168387 SO3RITL A 41998 Saar 66289 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Spanais A S1008 Mebinet 166290 8762139 A 6198 Sullavayet al 66291 GB. nist 211988 SROB.168 A 971998 Loman etal e772 GB Danse a W199 5820826 A 1/1998. Rogereta Tes201 GB. dwses A 102000 SRISS44 A ¥1999 Chatleni etal tesa, RU 7a986 i992 SR00338 A 4/1999 Beinteetal feoaes RU ier i882 Spore A 41999. Chat t Towers RU 1SOU3 © 12196 S000) A 51999 Brothers eta losers RU 2oeriss | ‘9 198% Sp1364 A 611909 Swextman t6s2st RL 2086 782 C1 81097 5968255 A 101099 Mebiaetl ros St stise 91977 5972103 A 101999 Mehiactal. os7 sv 10109 AL_81988 6.060454 A $2000, Sweatman soni St isis 1950 1068.798 A $2000. Chan ta 50720 SU 16086 at_—21982 6098710 A 82000 Rhein-Knudsen ea =» 166288 SU inas309 AL Vie82US 7,503,399 B2 Page 3 rise AL e992 Escobay, ot al, “ncrasing Solid Expandable Tubular Techaslogy Wo200v 101365 "122004 [Reliability in 4 Misiad of Downhole Eavionments” SPE 81034, WO WO200808299 402008 ‘Apr 27-30, 2003, WO WO 2005008890 AL 12006 Toreian Communication From a Related Counter Pat Application, WO WO20D5OSHI81 AL 6.2006 (ox. 12, 2005, OTHER PUBLICATIONS ‘oxice of Publication dates Mar. 13, 2008 from US. Appl. No 4001 Notice of Publication dat Mar. 13, 2008 frm U.S. Ap. No 940077 ‘Ofie Action dated Mar. 21, 2008 om US. Appl No. 1140077, ‘Ofice Action dated Mar. 25, 2008 from. Appl No. {1 939,982, ‘Ofie Action datcd Mar 21,2008 from US. Appl No. L1940,001 Gath ot al "Reverse Ciucltin of Cemeat on Primary Jobs Increases Cement Colum Height Across Weak Formation Society ‘of Patron Engineers, SPE: 25440, 315-19, Mar 22-25, 1993, Filippov. ea, "Expandable Tobular Solutions.” Society of Peto- eum Engineers SPE S6S00, Oct. 36,199, Daigle, et a, "Fspandabe Tabular: Fld Examples of Applicaton in Well Consimtion and Remediation” Society of Petroleum Eng nea, SPE 82058, Ost 1-1, 2000 Frye, "Evaluation ofthe Effet of MoliptsinSsismi Data From the Gulf Using Vertical Sesmie Poles” SPE 28840, 1093, ‘Carpenter. al," Remediatng usin Casing Pressure by Form: ing Downhole Aanlar Sal With Low-Mel-Point Esti Met TADCISPE 87108, Mar. 2-4, 2004 Halliburton Casing Sales Manual, Sesion 4, Cmeating Pugs p. 29nd 430, 08.6, 1993, GL. Cates, “ihe Development sad Appiatons of Solid Espn se Tubular Technology” Paper No. 2003-136, Peoleum Soeiey's (Canadian InvrationalPorleum Conference. Jan 10-12, 2003 ‘Goncales, etal "Increasing Effective Fracture Gradients by Manag ing Wellbore Temperatures” IADC'SPE 87217, Mar 2-4 2008 Gaifith," Monitoring Circulatable Hole With Real-Time Corection (Case Histories” SPE 20470, 1998, Ravi, Dril-Cuting Removal aa Hoizomtal Wallbow for Cement ing” IADCSPE 35081, 1996, ‘MacEachern, eal, "Advances in Tieback Cementing.” IADC'SPE 79007, 2008 Davieg et a, “Reverse Circulation of Primary Cemesting Jobs Bslustion and Case History” IADCISPE 87197, Mie 2 2004, AsuactNo, XP-002783587, “Casing Sing Reverse Cemented Unit Enhance Efficiency Hollow Pusher Housing” ‘brat No. XP-002285585, "Revere Cemented Casing Sing Reduce Elect Intennedite Layer Mix Cement Stuy Drill Mod Quality Lower Section Cement Lining” Brochtre, Enveneure Global. Techtology, “Espandable-Tubular “Technology pp 6 1999. Dupal etal, "Sold Expandable Tubular Technology—A Year of| stores inthe Diling Environment" SPE TADC 67770, Feb preMtar 12001 DeMong eal. “Planang the Wall Construction Process forthe Use ‘of Solid Expuniable Casing” SPETADC 85303, (xt, 20.22, 2003, elle al, “nsallaton of Solid Expandable Tubular Systems ‘Through Miled Casing Windows IADC'SPE 87208, Mar. 24 2004 ‘DeMong el, “Breakthoughs Using Soll Eypndable Tabular to ‘Consist Extend Reach Wells” IADCSPE 87209, Mar. 2 2004 Foreign Communication From a Relat Counter Pat Application, Sep. 30,2008, ‘oreizn Comminicaton From a Relat Counter Pat Application, Dow 7, 2005, "Halliburton Brochure Ene “Bentonite Haliburton Gel Viscost- fie 1990, Haliburton Brochure Emile “Cal-Scal 60 Cement Accelerator” 199, alliburto Brochure Enited“Diacel Lightosight Cement Addi tive” 1099, Hallisuton Brochure Fi CGiralation Matern”, 2008 ‘allibaton Brochure Emiled “Cemeating FlexPlug® W Lost-Cir salation Materia, 2004 Halliburon Brochure Eatiled “Gikoite Los-Citcuation Addi tive”, 1999, "alliburon Brochure Entited “Micro Fly Ash Cement Component 1099, Halliburton Broshuve Eat Silicate Comet Adltive" 1999. Haliburton Brochure Fated “Sphereite Cement Active” 1999, Halliburton Brochure Enited “Increased Integy With the Statalock Subilzaton System", 1998. R Manguaize etal. “Primary Cementig by Reverse Cisclation Solves Critical Proiem in the Noth asicMesaoud Fil, Age fia” SPE TILL, Fe, 196 ation Brochure Eat “Petite Cement Adve”, 1999 alliiton Brochure Fated "The PenmSeal System Versatile, (Cos-fetve Sealants for Conformance Applications, 2002 alliburion Brochure Eitled“Pozmae a Cement Adve" 1999, Forsign Communication From a Relat Counter Pat Application, Dee 9.2008, Foren Communication From a Related Counter Pat Application, eb. 24, 2005 Foreign Commniaton From a Relat Counter Pat Application, Dow 27.2005, Foreign Communication From a Related Counter Pat Applicaion, eb. 33,2006 Foreign Communication From a Related Counter Prt Application, Feb. 27,2007, Foreian Communication From a Related Counter Pat Aplicaion, Jan. 8, 2007 Foreign Communication From a Related Counter Pat Application, Jam 17,2007 ‘Moore, et al, High-Temperature Wells With Los¥-Cirelaion Demands and Revese-Cisulaton Techigucs Using FoamedCe ment Syste: Two Cave Histories, SPE Diling & Completion, ous, Ottce Acton for US. Appl. No. 111959.062 dated Dee. 11, 2008. Ottce Acton for U'S. Ap. No.11940,001 dated Dee. 12,2008. Ottce Acton mailed Jan. 29,2007 for US. Appl. No. 10929163, tice Acton mailed Jun 8, 2007 for US, Ap No, 1029.06, Dftce Acton mailed Sep. 22008 for US. Appl. NO. 1L939.062 Otce Acton male Sep. 2 2008 for US. Appl. No. 1940001 Otlce Acton med Sep. 22008 for US. App. No. 11 940,077 st “Cementng Fles-Ptug®® OBM Lost- * cited by examinerU.S. Patent Mar. 17,2009 Sheet 1 of 16 US 7,503,399 B2 FIGURE 1 20. Patent Mar. 17, 2009 Sheet 2 of 16 US 7,503,399 B2 oo olf ™ oo eo] ho od Ir so of” po od soo wo d /” Ae 1 FIGURE 2 FIGURE 3AU.S. Patent Mar. 17,2009 Sheet 3 of 16 US 7,503,399 B2 — ry S 28 ° © 0000000000000000 t FIGURE 4 FIGURE 5AU.S. Patent Mar. 17,2009 Sheet 4 of 16 US 7,503,399 B2 FIGURE 6 FIGURE 7US 7,503,399 B2 Sheet 5 of 16 Mar. 17, 2009 U.S, Patent RS eh sect oe % Re ae x 8

vided a method of cementing casing in a well bore, the ‘method comprising: running a ercultion valve into the well bore on the caving; everse-crculating a particulate material in the well bore until the particulate material contaets the ation valve; accumulating the particulate material ‘around the eirenlation valve, whereby the particule material orm cake that restricts Mid flow and reverse-circulating ‘cement composition inthe wellbore until the accumulated particulate material decreases flow of the cement composi- ‘The objects, features, and advantages ofthe present inwen- tion willbe readily apparent to those skilled in the at upon & reading of the description of the preferred embodiments ‘which fllows, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES ‘The present invention may be better understood by reading the following. description ‘of non-limitative embodiments ‘with reference ro the attached drawings wherein lke pars of ‘each ofthe several figires are identified by the same refer- ‘enced characters, and which are briefly deseribel as follows. FIG. 1 is cross-sectional side view of a well bore with ‘casing having a casing shoe and a circulation valve wherein the casings suspended froma wellhead supported on surface ceasing FIG. 2is aside view of circulation valve constructed of ‘ovlindrical section with holes, wherein theeylinical section is coated with or contains an expandable material, 0 o 4 FIG, 3 isa side view of a circulation valve having aa ‘expandable material lig inthe inner diameter ofthe cireu- Jatin valve FIG. 38 is atop view of the plug comprising an expandable ‘material located within the citcalaion valve of FIG. 3A. FIG. isa side view ofa circulation valve constricted of cylindrical section having a basket with holes, wherein the basket contains expandable materia. FIG. SA is aside view ofa circulation valvehavinga basket ofexpandable material inthe ier diameter of the cieulation valve FIG. SB isa top view ofthe basket comprising an expand able material loeted within the circulation valve of FIG, SA. IG. 6 ea cross-sectional, side view of a well orehaving ‘circulation valve attached to easing suspended inthe well bore, wherein an activator material and cement composition js injected ito the annulus at the wellhead. FIG. Tisacross-sectional, side view ofthe well bore shown, FIG. 6, wherein the aetvator material and cement compo- sition has lowed in theannalus dow the eecuation valve. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the circulation valve remains open, PIG. isacrost-sectional, side view ofthe well bore shows, in FIGS. 6 and 7, wherein the ciculation vale is closed and the cement composition is retained in the annulus by the circulation valve FIG. 9A is a crosssectional, side view of an isolation sleeve fo closing the circulation valve, wherein the isolation sleeve is open, FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional, side view of the isolation sleeve shown in FIG. 9A, wherein the isolation sleeve is closed. FIG, 10A is a evss-sectonal, side view ofan alternative {isolation sleve for closing the circulation valve, wherein the isolation sleeve is open, FIG, 101 is cross-sectional, side view of the isolation sleeve illustrated in FIG. 10, wherein the isolation soove is closed. FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional, side view of a circulation valve, having a flapper and a locking mechanism, FIG. LAB isan end view of the flapper shown in FIG. LA. FIG. 12 isa cross-sectional, side view of an embodiment of the locking mechanism idemilied in FIG. 114, wherein the Jocking mechanism comprises dissolvable material, FIG. 13 illustrates cross-sectional, se view ofthe lock: ing mechanism identified in FIG. 11A, wherein the locking ‘mechanism comprises expandable materia. FIG. M4 illustrates cross-sectional, side view ofasliding sleeve embodiment ofa circulation valve having a restrictor plate FIG. 148 illustrates a top view ofa restrictor plate iden fied in PIG. 14, wherein the restrictor plate as expandable ‘material for closing the circulation valve. PIG. 18 is a eross-scetional, side view of an alternative sliding sleove circulation valve wherein the locking mecha- nism comprises issolvabl or shrinkable material FIG. 16 is @ cross-sectional, side view of a alternative sliding sleeve circulation valve wherein the locking mecha- ism comprises expandable material. FIG. 17 illustrates a cross-sectional, side view of a circu Jation valve having afloat plug and vaive lock FIG. 18 isa cross-sectional, side view of the valve lock ‘identified in FIG. 17, wherein the valve lock comprises di solvable material IG, 19 is a cross-sectional, side view of the valve lock identified in TIG. 17, wherein the valve lock comprises a shrinkable materialUS 7,503,399 B2 5 FIG, 20illustrates a cross-sectional, side view ofthe valve Jock identified in FIG. 17, wherein the valve lock comprises ‘expandable material FIG. 21 illustrates a eross-sectona, side view of a well bore having casing suspended from a wellhead, and a packet attached tothe easing immediately above hoes in the casing, ‘wherein a reactive material and a cement composition ate shown being pumped into the anaulas atthe wellhead. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional, side view of the well bore ‘Mustated in FIG. 21, wherein the activator material has 2et- vated the packer o expand in the annulus, whereby the packer retains the eement composition inthe annulus FIG, 23A is a cross-sectional, side view of the packer ‘dentified in FIGS. 24 and 22, wherein the packer is shown in a pre-expanded configuration TTIG, 238 is a cross-sectional, side view of the packer ‘dentified in FIGS. 21 and 2, wherein the packer is shown in an expanded configuration, FIG. 24 isa side view ofa circulation valve havingholesin the side walls TIG. 25 is a side view of a circulation valve having 3 wiresvrap sereen. TIG. 264 isa crosssoctional side view of a well bore with ‘casing having a casing sboe anda eieulaton valve wherein, the casings suspended from a wellhead supportedon surface ‘casing, and wherein a pareulate material suspended in 2 slury is pumped dovin the annulus ahead of the leading ede ‘ofa cement composition, IG. 269 isa cross-sectional side view of the well bore showin in FIG. 264, wherein the particulate material is accu ‘mulated around the circulation valve in the annus. Tris to be noted, however, that the appended drawings ithistrate only typical embodiments of thi invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting ofits scope, a8 the ‘vention may admit to other equally eflctive embodiments DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to FIG. 1, cross-sectional sie view ofa well, bore illustrated. In particular, surface casing 2s install ia the well bore L.A well head 3is attached to the top of the surface casing and easing 4 is suspended from the wellhead 2 and the well bore I. An annulus 5 is defined between the ‘wellbore 1 and the casing 4. A casing shoe 10 is attached t© the bottom most portion of the easing 4. A feed fine 6 is ‘connected tothe surface casing 2 Mul communicate with the annulus §. The feed line 6 has a feed valve 7 and a feed pump 8, The feed line 6 may be connected to & cement pump truck 13. The feed line 6 may also he connected to vacant truck, a snd alone pump or any other pumping mechanism known to persons of skill A retura line 11 is connected to the well bead 3-s0 as to Muidly communicate with the inner ameter ofthe casing 4. The return line has a return valve 12 “The casing 4 also comprises a eirculation valve 20 nea the ‘easing shoe 10. When the circulation valve 20 is open circa Jation fd may flow between the annulus and the inner diameter of the easing 4 through the valve. Referring to FIG. 2, side view ofa cireuation valve 20 of the present invention is illustrated, In this particular embodi- ‘ment, the circulation valve 20 is a length of pipe having & phurlity of holes 21 formed in the walls ofthe pipe. casing shoe 10s attached to the bottom ofthe pipe to close the lower ‘end of the pipe, The size and numberof the holes 21 are such that they allow a sufficient amount of lid o pass between the ‘annulus 8 and the inside diameter of the casing 4 through the holes 21. In one embodiment, the cumolative erose-sectional ‘area of the holes 21 is areater than the cross-sectional awa of 0 o 6 the inside diameter ofthe casing 4 In this embodiment, the pipe material of the circulation valve 20 is an expandable ‘material In altemative embodiments, the circulation valve is ‘made of hase material, such asa steel pipe, and acladding or coating of expandable material. When the expandable mate- ‘al comes into contact with a certain activator material, the expandable material expands to reduce the size of the boles 21, This process is explained more fly below. in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, circulation valve 20isacylindrical pipe section. However. tecreulation valve 20may take any form or configuration that allows the closure fof the holes 21 upon expansion ofthe expandable material. HYDROPLUG, CATGEL, DIAMONDSEAL an the like ‘may be used asthe expandable material. These reactive mate- rials may be coated, cladded, painted, glued or otherwise adhered to the ase material of the circulation valve 20. ‘Where DIAMONDSEAL, HYDROPLUG, ane! CATGEL are ved asthe reactive material forthe eirculation valve 20, the circulation valve 20 should be maintained ina salt solution prior o activation. Aa activator material for DAMOND- SEAL, HYDROPLUG, and CATGEL is fesh water, which fuses these reactive materials fo expand upon contact With the fresh water activator material. Therefore, salt solution circulation Mud is circulated into the well bore before the circulation valve and casing are the annulus at the leading edge ofthe cement composition in a reversecirulation dieotion so that the reactive material (IAMONDSPAL, HYDROPLUG, or CATGEL) ofthe ci culation valve 20 will be contacted and closed by'the fresh Water activator material before the cement composition passes through the circulation valve 20. In altemative ‘embodinients, the expandable material may be any expand- able material known to persons of sil in the art. FIG. 3A isaside view ofanalternative circulation valve20 ‘The cieculation valve 20 hasan expandable plug 19. FIG. 3B illustates top view of the expandable plug 19 identified in FIG. 3A. The circulation valve 20 has a eylindrieal housing made of pipe sction with holes 21. Pid passe between an ‘annulus $n the outside of the eigculation valve 20-and the finer diamcter of the valve through the holes 21. 4 casing shoe 10 s attached! to the bottom ofthe eiteulation valve 20. [An expaaable plug 19 is positioned within the inner diam ter of the circulation valve 20. A plurality of conduits 18 fexlend through the plug 19 to allow circulation Mud to flows ‘through the plug 19 when the condnits 18 are open. Also, the outside diameter ofthe expandable plug 19 may be smaller ‘han the inner diameter ofthe circulation valve 20 so that a gap 36 is defined between, The expandable plug 19 may be suspendedin theciteulation valve 20 by supports 17 (see FIG. 3B). The expaidable plug 19 may be constricted of a struc- ‘rally ii base atrial ke steel, which hasan expandable ‘material coated, eladded painted, ued or otherwise adhered tothe exteiorsurlaces ofthe plug 19 andthe interior surfaces of the conduits 18 in the plug 19. HYDROPLUG, CATGEL DIAMONDSPAL and the like may be used forthe expand able material of the plug 19. The plug may be constructed of ‘8 porous base material tat is coated, cladded, and/or sat ‘nied with one above noted eactive material, which provides jmeyular conduits through the open cell structure of the porous base material, The base material may’ be a polymer ‘meshoropen cell fam orany other open cellsteuture known to persons of skill In altemative embodiments, any expand- able material known to persons of skill inthe ant may be used inthe expandable plug. ‘When the expandable plug 19 is aot expanded. as ills: ‘rated, uid may also flow through the gap 36 (see FIGS. 34US 7,503,399 B2 1 ‘and 31). The circulation valve 20 becomes closed when fsctivator material contacts the expandable plug 19. The ‘expandable plug 19 then expands to eonsriet the conduits 18 fan also to narrow the gop 36, When the expandable plug 19 js fully expanded, the conduits 18 and gap 36 are completely

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