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P F e A: Ractical Inite Lement Nalysis
P F e A: Ractical Inite Lement Nalysis
Practical
Finite element analysis
For mechanical engineers
Practical Finite Element Analysis
for Mechanical Engineers
First Edition
Dominique Madier
FEA Analyst
Published by FEA Academy
www.fea-academy.com
Copyright registered with the Canadian Intellectual Property Office at Innovation, Science and Economic
Development Canada. The Certificate of Registration has been issued pursuant to section 49 and 53 of the
Copyright Act under registration number 1170831.
Legal deposit
Library and Archives Canada, 2020
Publishing consultant: Chantal Blanchette, Éditions Mini Génie, Val-Morin, QC, Canada
Layout and design: Alain Carpentier, Ecographie Communication and Design, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Printed in the United States of America on acid free and SFI certified paper.
Trademarks
Commercial software names, company names, and trademarks contained in this book are used only for
identification and explanation without intent to infringe on their property rights.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE 1
13.3 THE VARIOUS FINITE ELEMENT MODELING APPROACHES FOR BOLTED JOINTS.................................... 275
13.3.1 FASTENERS MODELED WITH RIGID ELEMENTS......................................................................................................... 275
13.3.2 FASTENERS MODELED WITH DISCRETE SPRING ELEMENTS................................................................................. 276
13.3.3 FASTENERS MODELED WITH BEAM ELEMENTS. ....................................................................................................... 277
13.3.4 FASTENERS MODELED WITH CONNECTORS. .............................................................................................................. 277
13.3.5 FASTENERS MODELED WITH THE RUTMAN METHOD ........................................................................................... 278
13.4 HOW TO CALCULATE THE SPRING FASTENER STIFFNESS..................................................................................... 285
13.4.1 WHY CALCULATE THE FASTENER STIFFNESS?. ........................................................................................................... 285
13.4.2 AXIAL STIFFNESS................................................................................................................................................................... 286
13.4.3 SHEAR STIFFNESS.................................................................................................................................................................. 286
13.4.4 BENDING STIFFNESS............................................................................................................................................................ 288
13.4.5 TORSIONAL STIFFNESS........................................................................................................................................................ 288
13.5 HOW TO CONNECT THE FASTENER ELEMENTS TO THE SURROUNDING MESH...................................... 289
13.5.1 CONNECT THE FASTENER WHEN THE HOLE IS MODELED..................................................................................... 289
13.5.2 CONNECT THE FASTENER WHEN THE HOLE IS NOT MODELED........................................................................... 291
13.6 HOW TO CAPTURE THE PRYING EFFECT IN A BOLTED JOINT MODELED WITH A 1D SPRING.......... 293
13.7 PIN JOINT MODELING APPROACH.................................................................................................................................... 299
13.8 BOLT PRELOAD. ........................................................................................................................................................................... 301
13.8.1 PRELOAD IN A 1D BOLT. ..................................................................................................................................................... 301
13.8.2 PRELOAD IN A 3D BOLT. ..................................................................................................................................................... 302
13.9 DISCUSSION. ................................................................................................................................................................................. 305
REFERENCES 629
INDEX 635
About the book
Engineers, in various industries all over
the world, increasingly use Finite Element
Analysis (FEA) to obtain solutions to
problems that cannot be solved with
About the Author
classical methods. However, to do so, FEA
analysts must employ proper modeling Dominique Madier is
techniques; otherwise, their solutions may a senior aerospace
be incorrect. consultant with
While there is much information in more than 20 years’
published literature regarding the theory experience and
of the finite element method, there is little advanced expertise in
on practical FEA modeling techniques for Finite Element Analysis
mechanical engineers. Engineers often (FEA) of static and
learn basic FEA rules that are presented in dynamic problems for
textbooks, but the vast majority learn FEA linear and nonlinear
through years of experience developing structural behaviors.
finite element models. He has conducted
This book offers the best practical detailed finite element analyses for
methods and guidelines available for aerospace companies in Europe and
the development and validation of finite in North America (e.g., Airbus, Dassault
element models. Its objective is to provide Aviation, Hispano-Suiza [now Safran], Bell
mechanical structural engineers with the Helicopter Textron Canada, Bombardier
keys to developing accurate and reliable Aerospace, Pratt & Whitney Canada,
finite e lement m odels b y a voiding the and their subcontractors) on aeronautical
most frequent errors. metallic and composite structures such as
fuselages, wings, nacelles, engine pylons,
helicopter airframes, and systems.
He earned a master’s degree in
This is one of the most impressive mechanical and aerospace engineering
applied textbooks in FEA that I have from Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse,
come across in my career. It received France, in 1997.
my full endorsement. I learned a lot
by reading it. The book is crisply laid
out, easily readable, has great images
and illustrations, and is written with an
educator’s mind in view. I could imagine
it being compulsory reading for young
engineers and a gentle introduction to
practical applied FEA.
Dr. Keith Hanna,
VP marketing Hexagon | MSC Software