Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOCOS NORTE

Mathematics 8
Quarter 3 – Module 5:
Proving Statements on
Triangle Congruence

MELC:

 Proves statements on triangle

congruence (M8GE-IIIh-1)

Prepared by:

NOEMI A. DULATRE
Mathematics – Grade 8
Share-A-Resource-Program
Quarter 3 – Module 5: Proving Statements on Triangle Congruence
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Noemi A. Dulatre

Editors: Julieta M. Tabieros

Anita M. Agnir

Reviewer: Michael B. Malvar

Management Team: Joann A. Corpuz

Joye D. Madalipay
Santiago L. Baoec
Jenetrix T. Tumaneng
Martina R. Agullana

Division Design & Johnsen-Virgil P. Calili

Lay-out Artist

Printed in the Philippines by ______________________________

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte
Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: ilocos.norte@deped.gov.ph
 8
Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 5:
Proving Statements on
Triangle Congruence
Introductory Message
This Contextualized Learning Module (CLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each
lesson with ease.

This CLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-test is provided to measure your prior knowledge on the lesson. This will
show you if you need to proceed in completing this module or if you need to ask your
facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the
end of this module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning.
Answer keys are provided for all activities and tests. We trust that you will be honest
in using them.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher is also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you in your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this CLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests.
Likewise, read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any question in using this CLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

ii
Pre-Assessment
Directions. Read the following questions carefully. Choose the correct answer
from the options. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. If you get a
perfect score, you may skip this module.
1. If corresponding congruent parts are marked, how can you prove ∆𝐵𝐸𝐶 ≅
∆𝐵𝐴𝐶?
B
A. ASA
B. LL
C. SAS
D. SSS
E C A
2. Identify the pairs of congruent right triangles.
M T

A. ∆𝑃𝑀𝐴 ≅ ∆𝐴𝑇𝑃
B. ∆𝑀𝐴𝑃 ≅ ∆𝑇𝑃𝐴
C. ∆𝑀𝑃𝐴 ≅ ∆𝑇𝑃𝐴
D. ∆𝑃𝑀𝐴 ≅ ∆𝑃𝐴𝑇
A P

3. What property of congruence is illustrated in the statement? If ̅̅̅̅

𝐴𝐵 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
and 𝐸𝐹 ≅ 𝐷𝐸, then 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐸𝐹 .
A. Symmetric C. Reflexive
B. Transitive D. Multiplication

4. Xavier knows that AB = XY and AC = XZ. What other information must he

know to prove ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝑋𝑌𝑍 by SAS postulate?

A. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝑌
B. ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝑍
C. ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝑋
D. ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝑋

5. The statement: “Corresponding parts of congruent triangles are congruent.”

is based on _________________.
A. Definition C. Theorem
B. Postulate D. Axiom

1
6. ∆𝐺𝐼𝑉 ≅ ∆𝑆𝐴𝑉 deduce a statement about point V.
G

V A. V is the interior of ∆𝐺𝐼𝑉.

I A
B. V is the exterior of ∆𝑆𝐴𝑉.
C. V is the midpoint of GS.
S D. V is collinear with G and I.

7. In ∆𝐷𝑂𝑆, what side is included between ∠𝐷 and ∠𝑂?

D
A. ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝑂
̅̅̅̅
B. 𝐷𝑆
̅̅̅̅
C. 𝑆𝐷
̅̅̅̅
D. 𝑆𝑂
S O
8. If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, which segment is congruent to ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵?
A. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶
̅̅̅̅
B. 𝐴𝐶
C. ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸
̅̅̅̅
D. 𝐸𝐵

9. If ∆𝑇𝐼𝑁 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐴𝑁, then which triangle is congruent to ∆𝑁𝐴𝐶?

A. ∆𝐼𝑇𝑁
B. ∆𝑁𝐼𝑇
C. ∆𝑇𝑁𝐼
D. ∆𝐼𝑁𝑇

10. Choose the correct statement to complete the proof table.

Given: ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅, 𝐵𝑂
𝐵𝐸 ≅ 𝐿𝑂 ̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐸
Prove: ∆𝐵𝐸𝐿 ≅ ∆𝐿𝑂𝐵
Proof:
Statements Reasons
̅̅̅̅̅
1. 𝐵𝐸 ≅ 𝐿𝑂 ̅̅̅̅ Given
̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
2. 𝐵𝑂 𝐿𝐸 Given
3. Reflexive Property of Congruence
4. ∆𝐵𝐸𝐿 ≅ ∆𝐿𝑂𝐵 SSS Congruence Postulates

A. ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐸 ≅ 𝐿𝑂 C. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑂 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐸
̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
B. 𝐵𝐿 ≅ 𝐵𝐿 ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
D. 𝑂𝐵 ≅ 𝐸𝐿

2
 What I Need to Know

This module was specifically developed and designed to provide you fun
and meaningful learning experience, with your own time and pace.

The module consists of:

 Lesson 1 – Proving Statements on Triangle Congruence

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 prove statements on triangle congruence (M8GE-IIIh-1).

Lesson
Proving Statements on
1 Triangle Congruence

Hello there! So, how do you find the topic on

congruent triangles? In this lesson, you will
apply what you have learned from the previous
lessons on congruent triangles.

We have a lot more of congruent

triangles to prove today!

3
 What’s In

We have learned in Lesson 1 about proving two triangles are congruent.

There are different triangle congruence postulates that can be used in proving.
Next to proving two triangles are congruent is proving statements on triangle
congruence and it needs prior knowledge on the definition of congruent
triangles.

1. What are congruent triangles?

2. How many pairs of corresponding parts are congruent if two triangles are
congruent?
3. How do you illustrate congruent triangles?
4. What are the different congruence postulates?
5. How do we prove the congruence of two triangles?

What’s New

Directions: Provide reasons for each statement to prove triangle congruence.

Use previously learned axioms, definitions and postulates.

Given: ∠𝐵 and ∠𝐷 are right angles A B

2
∠1 ≅ ∠3 1
Prove: ∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐷𝐴
3
4
D C
Proof:

4
 Statements Reasons

1. ∠𝐵 and ∠𝐷 are right angles

2. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐷

3. ∠1 ≅ ∠3

4. AC ≅ 𝐴𝐶

5. ∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐷𝐴

Questions:
1.What do you call each entry of columns 1 and 2?
2. How do you prove statements on triangle congruence?

What is It

In proving statements on triangle congruence, you have to prove it

deductively.
Study the following examples below.
Example 1. B E

Given: ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸
∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸
̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐹 A C F D

Prove: ∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹

Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐷𝐸 Given
2. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸 Given
3. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐹 Given
4. ∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 SAS Postulate

5
 In the illustration, the marked parts of the two triangles are given. The
first column in the proof table consist of the statements that needs to be
proven and the second column comprises the reasons used to prove the
statements. Applying the previously learned concepts on triangle congruence,
you can supply the reasons for the given statements.
R

Example 2.
Given: ∠𝑁𝐸𝑅 ≅ ∠𝑁𝑉𝑅
̅̅̅̅ 𝑏𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 ∠𝐸𝑅𝑉
𝑅𝑁
E N V
Prove: ∆𝐸𝑁𝑅 ≅ ∆𝑉𝑁𝑅
Statements Reasons
1. ∠𝑁𝐸𝑅 ≅ ∠𝑁𝑉𝑅 Given
2. ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝑁 𝑏𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 ∠𝐸𝑅𝑉 Given
3. ∠𝑁𝐸𝑅 ≅ ∠𝑁𝑉𝑅 Definition of angle bisector
4. ̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑅𝑁
𝑅𝑁 ̅̅̅̅ Reflexive Property
5. ∆𝐸𝑁𝑅 ≅ ∆𝑉𝑁𝑅 AAS Postulate

What’s More

Activity 1: Prove It!

A. Direction: Prove that congruence for triangles is symmetric.
Given: Triangles MNO and PQR such that ∆𝑀𝑁𝑂 ≅ ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅.
Prove: ∆MNO ≅ ∆PQR.

N Q

M O P R

Proof:
Statements Reason
1. ∆𝑀𝑁𝑂 ≅ ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅
2. ̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑃𝑄
𝑀𝑁 ̅̅̅̅ ; 𝑁𝑂
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑄𝑅
̅̅̅̅ ; 𝑀𝑂
̅̅̅̅̅ ≅
̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑅
3. ∠𝑀 ≅ ∠𝑃; ∠𝑁 ≅ ∠𝑄; ∠𝑂 ≅
∠𝑅

6
4. ̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑄 ≅ ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑁; ̅̅̅̅
𝑄𝑅 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑁𝑂; ̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑅 ≅
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑂
∠𝑃 ≅ ∠𝑀; ∠𝑄 ≅ ∠𝑁; ∠𝑅 ≅ ∠𝑂
5.∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 ≅ ∆𝑀𝑁𝑂

B. Direction: Read and analyze the situation below. Performs the task that
follow.
You are tasked by your teacher to make an illustration of the given
situation. Draw a parallelogram HEAL whose 𝑬𝑨 ̅̅̅̅ is congruent and
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅
parallel 𝑯𝑳 and 𝑯𝑨 is a diagonal. You have to prove
if ∠𝑬 𝒊𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒓𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒕𝒐 ∠𝑳.
Do the following:
1. Write the given.
2. Determine what is to be proven.
3. Complete the proof table.

What I have learned

Directions: Below is an exit ticket. After proving statement on triangle

congruence write 3 things that you learn in this topic.

PROVING STATEMENTS ON TRIANGLE CONGRUENCE

1.

3 things I learned 2.
about proving
statements on triangle
congruence are… 3.

7
 What I can do
Direction: Write a brief essay using the following questions in your activity
notebook.

1. How do you prove statements on triangle congruence?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_________

2. In what real-life situations would it be necessary to provide reasons for

given statements?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_________

Assessment

Direction: Read the following questions and write the letter of the correct
answer in your activity notebook.

1. ∆𝐺𝐼𝑉 ≅ ∆𝑆𝐴𝑉 deduce a statement about point V.

G
A. V is the interior of ∆𝐺𝐼𝑉.
B. V is the exterior of ∆𝑆𝐴𝑉.
V
I A C. V is the midpoint of GS.
D. V is collinear with G and I.
S
2. In ∆𝐷𝑂𝑆, what side is included between ∠𝐷 and ∠𝑂?
D
̅̅̅̅
A. 𝐷𝑂
̅̅̅̅
B. 𝐷𝑆
̅̅̅̅
C. 𝑆𝐷
̅̅̅̅
D. 𝑆𝑂
S O

3. Choose the correct statement to complete the proof table.

Given: ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐸 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝑂, ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑂 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐸
Prove: ∆𝐵𝐸𝐿 ≅ ∆𝐿𝑂𝐵

8
Proof:
Statements Reasons
̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
1. 𝐵𝐸 ≅ 𝐿𝑂 Given
2. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑂 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐸 Given
3. Reflexive Property of Congruence
4. ∆𝐵𝐸𝐿 ≅ ∆𝐿𝑂𝐵 SSS Congruence Postulates

A. ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐸 ≅ 𝐿𝑂 C. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑂 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐸
B. ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐿 ≅ 𝐵𝐿 ̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
D. 𝑂𝐵 𝐸𝐿

̅̅̅̅̅
4. If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, which segment is congruent to 𝐴𝐵?
̅̅̅̅
A. 𝐵𝐶 C. 𝐷𝐸̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅
B. 𝐴𝐶 D. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐵
5. If ∆𝑇𝐼𝑁 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐴𝑁, then which triangle is congruent to ∆𝑁𝐴𝐶?
A. ∆𝐼𝑇𝑁
B. ∆𝑁𝐼𝑇
C. ∆𝑇𝑁𝐼
D. ∆𝐼𝑁𝑇

6. If corresponding congruent parts are marked, how can you prove ∆𝐵𝐸𝐶 ≅
∆𝐵𝐴𝐶?
B
A. ASA
B. LL
C. SAS
D. SSS
E C A

7. What property of congruence is illustrated in the statement? If ̅̅̅̅

𝐴𝐵 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐷𝐸
and 𝐸𝐹 ̅̅̅̅ , then ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ .
𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐸𝐹
A. Symmetric C. Reflexive
B. Transitive D. Multiplication

8. Identify the pairs of congruent right triangles.

M T

A. ∆𝑃𝑀𝐴 ≅ ∆𝐴𝑇𝑃
B. ∆𝑀𝐴𝑃 ≅ ∆𝑇𝑃𝐴
C. ∆𝑀𝑃𝐴 ≅ ∆𝑇𝑃𝐴
D. ∆𝑃𝑀𝐴 ≅ ∆𝑃𝐴𝑇
A P

9
9. Xavier knows that AB = XY and AC = XZ. What other information must he
know to prove ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝑋𝑌𝑍 by SAS postulate?

A. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝑌
B. ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝑍
C. ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝑋
D. ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝑋

10. The statement “Corresponding parts of congruent triangles are

congruent.” is based on _________________.
A. Definition C. Theorem
B. Postulate D. Axiom

10
 Additional Activities

Directions: Have students draw two congruent triangles, congruent parts

must be properly illustrated. Write the given and what is to be proven.
Complete the proof table.

Rubric for Rating Output:

Point Descriptor
4 The problem is properly illustrated and labelled.
Statements are proven using mathematical
concepts and the proof table is complete.
3 The problem is not properly illustrated and
labelled but statements are proven using
mathematical concepts and the proof table is
complete.
2 The problem is not illustrated but statements are
proven and the proof table is complete.
1 The problem is properly illustrated and labelled.
Statements are not proven. The proof table is not
complete.

Congratulations for a
job well done.

Your module ends

here. Keep safe!

11
 12
Lesson 2
What I Know
1. D
What I have learned 2. A
3. B
It is the discretion of the teacher 4. C
on how many 5. B
points will s/he going to rate the 6. C
answers of the 7. A
learners. 8. C
9. B
What I can do 10. B
It is the discretion of the teacher What’s In
on how many 1.Two triangles are congruent if their
points will s/he going to rate the vertices can be paired so that corresponding
sides are congruent and corresponding angles
answers of the
are congruent.
learners.
2. 6 pairs
3. The congruent parts are marked identically
4. SAS, ASA. SSS, SAA
Additional Activities 5. Deductively
Answers vary. Use rubrics to What’s New
assess students’ outputs. 1.Given
2.All right angles are congruent
Assessment 3.Given
4.Reflexive Property
1. C 5.SAA Congruence Postulate
2. A
What’s More
3. B
A. 1.Given
4. C
2.CPCTC
5. B 3.CPCTC
6. D 4.Symmetric Property of Congruence
7. B 5.Definition of Congruent Triangles
8. A
9. C B. It is the discretion of the teacher on how
10.B many
points will s/he going to rate the answers
of the
learners.
Answer Key
References

 Abuzo, Emmanuel P.,et. al., 2013. Mathematics Learner’s Module 8.

Philippines. Department of Education.

 Bernabe, Julieta G.,et. al., 2009. Geometry for Third Year. SD

Publications, Inc.

 Orinez, FernandoB., et. al., 2013. Next Century Mathematics.

Philippines. Phoenix Publishing House.

 Government of the Philippines. Department of Education. 2013. K to 12

Basic Education Curriculum Guide. Pasig City.

13