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Learn Hindi Through English
Learn Hindi Through English
HINDI LEVEL I
A PRIMER
Ratnakar Narale
ï
PUSTAK BHARATI
Books India
paustak BaartaI
INDEX
AnauÛmaiNaka
Hind& Vowels :
A Aa } }| q Q / ] ]e Aae AaE A> A:
a a@ i & u u@ r< e ai o au m[ h<
.
Hind& Consonants :
k‘ Sa` ga` za` G`
k kh g gh n[
@` #` D` $` Na`
t> t>h d< d<h n<
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Learn Hindi through English Medium - Course Level I
LESSON 2
dUsara paa#
k Sa ga za G
ka kha ga gha n[a (nga)
ca C ja Ja Øa
cha Chha ja jha, za n~a
@ # D $ Na
t>a t>ha d<a d<ha n<a
ta Ya d Za na
ta tha da dha na
pa f ba Ba ma
pa pha, fa ba bha ma
ya r La va
ya ra la va, wa
oa Pa sa h
s{a, sha s<a sa ha
Special Compounds
xa, %a, Xa
ks<a, tra, gya
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LESSON 3
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Learn Hindi through English Medium - Course Level I
LESSON 4
caaEYaa paa#
va ba k
va ba ka
9. k, ba, va, ba 10. kk, kba, kva 11. baba, bak, vava 12. kbava, kvaba, vabak, bakva
---------------- ----------------- --- ------------ ------------------------------
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(4.2) pa pa, Pa s<a, f pha
pa Pa f
pa s<a pha, fa
ta na ga
ta na ga
ca ja Øa La
cha ja n~a la
(A) 1. kpa, camaca, 2. tana mana gagana 3. Bagata, patana, manana 4. Bava, gaNa, gaNak, 5. naLa, Lagana,
6. paLak, bana, paga, gama 7. jaLa, caLa, macaLa 8. kNa, kLa, paLa 9. maLa, mata, tama
NOTE : Character n~ (Øa`) is rarely used in Hind&. It is mostly used in Sanskrit language.
za Za C
gha dha c{ha
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(4.6) r ra, sa sa, Sa kha, oa s{a
r sa Sa oa
ra sa kha s{a
ya Ya
ya tha
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(4.8) t>a @, t>ha #, d<ha $, da d, d<a D, n[a D, jha Ja, ha h
@ # $ d
t>a t>ha d<ha da
D G Ja h
d<a n[a jha ha
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(4.9) xa ks<a, %a tra, Xa gya (jn~a)
xa %a Xa
ks<a tra jn~a
(4.10) Anuswa@ra, C}andrabind& and the Visarga - A> m[, Aã m[, A: h<
ã Ü Dñ d<a $ñ d<ha
EXAMPLES :
(A) kãpakãpaI, khaã, kaãpanaa, Saaãsanaa, SaaãsaI, gaaãva, caaãd, caaãdI, caaãdnaI, Caã@naa, Caãva, jaãcanaa, jahaã, jaaãza,
jaaãca, jaaãcanaa, Jaaãknaa, JaaãkI, JaaãJar, Jaaãsaa, @aãka, @aãga, @aãganaa, #aãva, #ãsanaa, Daã@, Daã@naa, DaãvaaãDael,
Daãsa, $aãcaa, tahaã, taaãgaa, taaãi%ak, taaãbaa, dãtauLaa, daãta, daãva, Zaãsanaa, Zaãsaanaa, ZaaãZaLaI, Zaaãya, Zaaãsanaa,
naaãZanaa, paãvaaDña, paaãca, paaãcajanya, paaãcavaaã, fãd, fãda, fãsanaa, fãsaanaa, fã@naa, faãdnaa, faãsanaa, faãsaI,
baã@vaara, baã@anaa, baaãknaa, baaãka, baaãga, baaãJa, baaã@naa, baaãZanaa, baaãsa, baaãsaurI, baaãh, Baaãjaa, Baãvar, BaaãDñar,
Baaãita, Baaãpanaa, maãDranaa, maUãC, maUãDnaa, maUãDnaa, maUãdnaa, maaã, maaãga, maaãganaa, yahaã, rãganaa, rãgaa}|, raãgaa, raãDñ,
raãZanaa, Laaãzanaa, vahaã, saaãvaLaa, saaãsa, haã, haãk, hãsanaa, hãsamauSa, hãsaI, haãknaa, haãDñI, haãfnaa_
(B) ADñnaa, ADñanaa, AnaaDñI, AaDña, Aa$ñta, qDñnaa, kDñk, k$ña}|, k$ñI, kIDña, ÛIDña, SaDña, gaDñbaDñ,
gaU$ñ, zaaeDña, caaEDña, CaeDñnaa, jaaeDñnaa, JaDñnaa, @ukDña, @e$ña, $a$ñsa, taDñpanaa, taDñpaanaa, taaeDñnaa, YaaeDña, daEDñnaa,
ZaDñknaa, naaDñI, paDñnaa, paIDña, faDñnaa, favaDña, baDña, ba$ñ}|, ba$ñnaa, ba$ñanaa, ba$ñava, baU$ña, BaaDña,
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BaãDñar, BaIDñ, BaIDñnaa, maUãDñnaa, maUãDñI, maU$ñ, maaeDñ, maaeDñnaa, rI$ñ, laDñnaa, laDña}|, saDñnaa, saaãDñ_
LESSON 5
paaãcavaaã paa#
(A) 1. Aa, Aae, AaE, Aapa 2. Aa, A, AaE, Aana 3. Aae, AaE, Aae@ 4. Aba, AaãSa, Axa 5. Aaer,
AaEr, AaE>Zaa 6. AaeJaLa, Aaema, AXa 7. Aza, Aagama, AaErsa, Aama, Aasa, Aah, Aaja, AaErta, A>bar,
Aja:, A>oa:, Aaeza: 8. }, }|, }|Sa 9. }, }, }| 3. }|, }|, } 10. }|Sa, k}|, na}|, }Zar, na}|, kta}|_
(B) idhar (}Zar), aurat (AaErta), ma& (ma}|), aur (AaEr), an[k (A>k), &ndhanam[ (}|>Zana>), om (Aaema`),
aman c{aman (Amana camana), anda@j (A>daja), kaila@s (k“Laasa), chauk& (caaEkI)
q Q / ] ]e w W
u u@ r< e ai ru ru@
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LESSON 6
C#vaaã paa#
a i I u U \ e E ae aE
a@ i & u u@ r< e ai o au
paa ipa paI pau paU pa\ pae paE paae paaE
pa@ pi p& pu pu@ pr< pe pai po pau
jaItanaa, ijatanaa, ma\ta, ica>taa, jaUtaa, kÖC, vaEsaa, AaE>Zaa, idyaa, dIyaa, baekarI, saUSaa, sauSaI, Baed, maE>, iBaxaa, XaanaI,
sau>drtaa, kaeka kaeLaa, mahanataa, sauSa du:Sa, caUha, Xaanayaaega, mahaBaartaIya, AmarIkna, }>iDyana, naILa, paaEraiNak_
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CHART OF ALPHABET WITH VOWEL SIGNS
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THIS EXERCISE IS ONLY FOR READING AND WRITING HINDI WORDS
maE> (maiÜ - I), hma (ham - we), Aapa (a@p - you), taU (tu@ - you) tauma (tum -
you), vah (vah - he, she), vae (ve - they), hmae> (hameÜ - to us), Aapakae (a@p
ko - to you), qsakae (us ko - to him, to her), qnakae (un ko - to them), maE>nae
(maiÜ ne - I), Aapanae (a@p ne - you), taUnae (tu@ ne - you), taumanae (tum ne -
you), qsanae (us ne - he, she), mauJae (mujhe - to me), Aapasae (a@p se - from
you), mauJasae (mujh se - from me), tauJasae (tujh se - from you) taumasae (tum se
- from you), qsasae (us se - from him, her), qnasae (un se - from them), maere
paasa (mere pa@s - with me), maere iLayae (mere liye - for me), Aapak’ iLayae (a@pke
liye - for you), hmaare iLayae (hama@re liye - for us), qnak’ iLayae (unke liye -
for them), maera (mera@ - my), maerI (mer& - my), maere (mere - our), hmaara
(hama@ra@ - my), hmaarI (hama@r& - my), hmaare (hama@e - my), taera (tera@ -
your), taerI (ter& - your), taere (tere - your), Aapaka (a@p ka@ - your), AapakI
(a@p k& - your), Aapak’ (a@p ke - your), mauJamae> (mujhmeÜ - in me), taeremae> (tere
meÜ - in you), tauJamae> (tujhmeÜ - in you), Aapamae> (a@p meÜ - in you), qsamae>
(us meÜ - in him, her), qnamae> (un meÜ - in them), mauJa par (mujh par - on
me), taere par (tere par - on you), tauma par (tum par - on you), tauJa par (tujh
par - on you), Aapa par (a@p par - on you), qsa par (us par - on him, her),
qna par (un par - on them)_ maE> hUã (maiÜ hu@Ü - I am), taU hE (tu@ haiÜ - You
are), tauma hae (tum ho - You are), Aapa hE> (a@p haiÜ - You are).
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LESSON 7
saatavaaã paa#
Hind& Half-Characters :
@` #` D` $` N (Na`)
t> t>h d< d<h n<
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USE OF THE HALF CHARACTERS TO MAKE
HINDI COMPOUND LETTERS AND WORDS
*Character k (k‘, K ) : paKka (pakka@ strong), KLaba (klab club), KLaasa (kla@s class),
Kyaae> (kyoÜ why?), Kyaa (kya@ what?), vaaKya (va@kya sentence) vaKta (vakta time),
rKta (rakta blood), wiKmaNaI (Rukmin<&)
*Character kh (Sa`, S ) : SyaaLa (khya@l attention), saaESya (saukhya happiness),
Svaaba (khwa@b dream), Svaaihoa (khwa@hish desire), Syaaita (khya@ti fame)
*Character g (ga`, g ) : gLaasa (gla@s glass), dugZa (dugdha milk), Aigna (agni fire),
Baagya (bha@gya fortune), gvaaLaa (gwa@la@ milkman), gyaarh (gya@raha eleven)
*Character gh (za`, z ) : ivaμ ivazna ivaza`na (vighna obstacle), ×tazna ×taza`na
(kr<taghna obliged), LazvaaoaI Laza`vaaoaI (laghva@sh& moderate eater)
*Character t> (@‘‘) : Cu£I Cu@`@I (chhut<t>& holiday), ima£I, ima@`@I (mit>t>& soil) Sa£a
Sa@`@a (khat>t>a@ sour), pa@`#a (pat>t>ha@ pupil), mau@‘#I (mut>t>h& fist)
*Character d< (D‘) : Sa¥a SaD`Da (khad<d<a@ pit), h¥I hD`DI (had<d<& bone), q¥yana
qD`Dyana (ud<d<ayan flying)
*Character n< (Na`, N ) : paaNDva (Pa@n<d<ava), kN# (kan<t>ha throat), kN@k
(kan<t>aka thorn), DNDa (d<an<d<a@ stick), PaNmaasa (s<an<ma@sa six months), BaNDarI
(bhan>d>a@r& storekeeper), ANDa (an<d<a@ egg)
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*Character t (ta`, t ) : satkar (satka@ra honour), rtnaakr (Ratna@kar), Aatmaa (‡tma@
soul), satya (satya truth), tyaaga (tya@g sacrifice), %aasa (tra@s trouble), tvara
(tvara@ rush), saTva, sata`tva, sata`ta`va (sattava truth), mahtva, mahTva (mahatva,
mahattva greatness)
*Character th (Ya`, Y ) : taYya (tathya truth), paYya (pathya diet)
*Character dh (Za`, Z ) : baaZya (ba@dhya binding), AZvar (adhvara lower lip),
dZma (dadhma to blow), maZya (madhya centre), Zyaana (dhya@na meditation),
Zvaina (dhvani soundon)
*Character n (na`, n ) : Aanand (‡nanda joy), ja²ta (jannat heaven), A² (anna
food), janma (janma birth), Anya (anya other), Zanyavaad (dhanyava@d thanks),
iBa² (bhinna different), }ntajaar (intaja@ra wait), AnZaera (andhera@ darkness)
*Character p (pa`, p ) : samaaipta (sama@pti end), pyaar (pya@r love), svapna (svapna
dream), tapta (tapta heated), pLava (plava bird)
*Character ph, f (f‘, Ý ) : ÝLaavar (fla@war flower), ÝLaask (fla@sk), ÝLaae (flo
flow), rÝtaar (rafta@r speed), hÝtaa (hafta@ week)
*Character b (ba`, b ) : Zabbaa (dhabba@ spot), bLaU (blu@ blue), oabd (shabda
sound), byaU@I (beauty), byaah (bya@ha wedding), sabjaI (sabj& vegetable)
*Character bh (Ba`, B ) : AByaasa (abhya@s study), saBya (sabhya gentle), LaBya
(labhya available)
*Character m (ma ‘, m ) : Ammaa (amma@ mother), sampada (sampada@ wealth),
samyak‘ (samyak proper), sammaana (samma@na honour), maumba}| (mumba&,
Bombay), AmLa (amla sour), saamya (sa@mya similarity), sambanZa (sambandha
relationship)
(1) Character d (d` ) forms following commonly used SEVEN compound letters :
(A) WHEN FULL CONSONANT ra (r) comes after a half consonant character, it is written
as a slant line attached to that (half) consonant. (Note : Even though that half consonant
apprars to be written as a full consonant, it is actually a half consonant) :
(vi) t> or d<+ ra= tra, d<ra (@` + r = @¼) @¼k (truck), raP@¼ (ra@s<t<ra nation), Za\taraP@¼ (Dhr<tara@s<t>ra)
(vii) s + ra = sra (sa` + r = sa`r = Ä) sahÄ
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(B) WHEN HALF CONSONANT r ( r` ) comes before any full consonant character, the r (r` )
is written as ( | ) over that full consonant.
(viii) r + k ( – ) r` + k = k–_ Ak– (arka extract), svaga| (svarga heaven),
AGAIN REMEMBER :
(i) The slant line character ( R ) represents the full r (ra), it does not represent half r` (r)
eg\ paR = pa` + r paRkaoa
(ii) The curved line character ( | ) represents half r` (r), it does not represent full r (ra)
eg\ pa| = r` + pa sapa|
(3) Character h` forms following three types of very common compound letters :
F
(4) Character k : character k + ta = kta. kta can be written as k‘ + ta = Kta_ but there is a
special character for this combo which is written as k‘ + ta = Kta = F
eg\ rF (rakta blood), BaiF BaiKta (bhakti devotion), vaFa vaKtaa (vakta@ speaker), mauF mauKta
(mukta free), vaF vaKta (vakta time), pa>iF pa>iKta (pan[kti line) ...etc
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