Name of Learner:_______________________________________________________________________

Grade Level:___________________________________________________________________________
Section:_______________________________________________________________________________
Date:_________________________________________________________________________________

Technology and Livelihood Education

Agri-Fishery Arts
(Agricultural Crops Production)
Quarter 3- Learning Activity Sheet
(LAS) for Grade 9
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
 Name of Learner:_______________________________________________________________________
Grade Level:___________________________________________________________________________
Section:_______________________________________________________________________________
Date:_________________________________________________________________________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET IN TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 9

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

I. Background Information for Learners:

In this Lesson will covers the skills and knowledge required to support nursery work
supervision. It will include the Select and check suitable personal protective equipment (PPE), as
required by the job. Supporting nursery work also covers knowledge on how to begin planning a
protection strategy, when should PPE be used.

Republic Act No. 11058

(An Act Strengthening Compliance With Occupational Safety And Health Standards Providing
Penalties for Violations Thereof
 Personal protective equipment (PPE) is equipment worn by a worker to minimize exposure
to specific hazards. Examples of PPE include respirators, gloves, aprons, fall protection, and full-body
suits, as well as the head, eye and, foot protection. Using PPE is only one element in a complete hazard
control program that would use a variety of strategies to maintain a safe and healthy environment. PPE
does not reduce the hazard itself nor does it guarantee permanent or total protection.
The role of personal protective equipment (PPE)
Hazards exist in every workplace so strategies to protect workers are essential. The priority should be
to follow the “hierarchy of control” including elimination, substitution, or engineering control(s) of
hazards at their source or along the path between the source and the worker. Many methods are
available, and those most appropriate to the specific situation should be used.
Controls are usually placed:
1. At the source (where the hazard “comes from”).
2. Along the path (where the hazard “travels”).
3. At the worker.

Figure 1 - Control areas: At the source, along the path, and at the worker.
 Controlling a hazard at its source is the first choice because this method will eliminate it from
the workplace altogether or isolate it from the worker. This approach may require the substitution of
material with nonhazardous ones, isolation of hazards, ventilation, the addition of safety features to
existing equipment, redesign of the work processes, or purchase of new equipment. Administrative
controls such as work practices, education/training, and housekeeping are also ways to control hazards.

When the hazard cannot be removed or controlled adequately, personal protective

equipment (PPE) may be used.
PPE is considered as the last level of protection when all other methods are not available or
possible. See the OSH Answers document Hazard Control for information on a hazard control program.

How do I begin planning a protection strategy?

Before any decision is made to begin or to expand a PPE program, it is important to understand
the underlying principles of protection strategies.
The main elements that must be considered are:
· protection of workers
· compliance with applicable laws / regulations / standards / guidelines
· compliance with internal company requirements
· technical feasibility
A good comprehensive strategy considers the hazards, conducts a risk assessment, evaluates all
possible control methods, integrates various approaches, and reexamines the controls frequently to
make sure that the hazard continues to be controlled.

When should PPE be used?

PPE is used to reduce or minimize the exposure or contact to injurious physical, chemical,
ergonomic, or biological agents. Remember, a hazard is not “gone” when PPE is used, but the risk of
injury may be reduced. For example, wearing hearing protection reduces the likelihood of hearing
damage when the earplugs or muffs are appropriate for the kind of noise exposure and when the PPE is
used properly. However, using hearing protection does not eliminate the noise.
PPE should only be used:
· as an interim (short term) measure before controls are implemented.
· where other controls are not available or adequate.
· during activities such as maintenance, clean up, and repair where pre-contact controls are not
feasible or effective.
· during emergencies.

What does the law say about who pays for PPE?
By law, workers must use personal protective equipment in the workplace when it is required.
Employer responsibilities include providing instruction on what PPE is needed, maintenance and
cleaning of the equipment, and educating and training workers on the proper use of PPE. In every
jurisdiction, the employer is responsible for making sure these requirements are met.
However, the law is not always clear about who is responsible for paying for the PPE itself. It
depends on the jurisdiction, and in some jurisdictions, it depends on the type of PPE required. For
example:
· Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Quebec, and Saskatchewan require the employer to provide
the worker, free of charge, with all the PPE either selected by the health and safety committee or
required by the legislation.
· British Columbia, Manitoba, and Yukon state in their legislation who is responsible for each
specific type of PPE.
 · Alberta requires employers to provide workers with, and pay for, PPE for emergency response,
hearing, and respiratory protection if it is required for the job. The worker is responsible for providing
and using PPE such as hard hats, safety boots, flame resistant clothing, or eye protection if they are
required for the job.
· Ontario, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia,
and those organizations that follow legislation from the Canadian federal government use the term
“provide”. However, the term “provide” is not always clearly defined, and its intention should be
verified with your jurisdiction.
REMEMBER: The above is a general summary only. For any information about legislation
and the requirement to provide PPE, always check directly with your jurisdiction for the exact legal
interpretation.

How do I design a PPE program?

A PPE program must be comprehensive. It requires commitment and active participation in the
planning, development, and implementation stages from all levels: senior management, supervisors,
and workers. A good PPE program consists of these essential elements:
· hazard identification and risk assessment
· selection of appropriate controls
· selection of appropriate PPE
· fitting
· education and training
· management support
· maintenance
· auditing of the program
The organization's occupational health and safety policy should be a statement of principles
and general rules which serve as guides to action. Senior management must be committed to ensuring
that the policy and procedures are carried out. PPE programs must be and must be seen to have equal
importance with all other organizational policies, procedures, and programs.
The appointment of a program coordinator will help to make sure the program is successful.
The coordinator has the responsibility to make sure that each of the elements of a program is in place
and operational.
A program must be planned carefully, developed fully, and implemented methodically. The
beneficial effects of the program should be publicized widely, and the target date set well ahead for
compliance. If the use of PPE is new, time should be allowed for workers to choose a style that fits best,
to become accustomed to wearing PPE, and comply with the program, with no enforcement action taken
until the target date.
Note: It would not be acceptable to gradually phase in a PPE program when there is a need to
enter hazardous atmospheres, or where failure to use the equipment poses a significant risk of injury.
The greater the workers' involvement in all stages of the program, the smoother the program
will be to implement and operate. Users must be educated about why the PPE is to be worn and trained
on how to effectively use it. The method of implementation affects the acceptance and effectiveness of
the whole program.
Besides, worker compliance with the PPE program is likely to be poor if a PPE device is
unattractive, uncomfortable, or is imposed on the worker with little choice in the selection. Offer some
flexibility in terms of various models or makes of the required PPE where possible (while maintaining
appropriate protection).
The protection provided will be dramatically reduced if workers remove the PPE for even short
periods. The loss of protection during the periods when the PPE is not worn may easily outweigh the
protection when it is used.
 For example, to get the full benefit, hearing protectors must be worn all the time during noisy
work. If hearing protectors are removed only for a short duration, the protection is substantially reduced.
The following table gives maximum protection provided for non-continuous use of an ideally fitted
“100%” efficient hearing protector.
For example, when hearing protection is rated with an attenuation of 25 dB if one takes off
his/her hearing protector for 5 minutes in an hour the maximum protection will be reduced to no more
than 11 db.

Impact of removing hearing protection.

Time removed (in 1 hr) Maximum 25 dB Protection is reduced to (dB)

0 min no reduction, 1 min 17, 5 min 11, 10 min 8, 30 min 3, 60 mi 0

Source: Removal of hearing protectors severely reduces protection. Health and Safety
Executive, UK (no date).

Ear protectors must be used ALL THE TIME to get the full benefit.

Why should I identify hazards and conduct a risk assessment first?

The first step in the development of a PPE program is to identify the hazards at the worksite.
Work practices, processes, job procedures, equipment, products, workplace layout, and individual
factors should be examined.
Particular attention should be paid to job requirements as some types of hazards require more
than one piece of PPE. For example, working with chlorine may require respiratory, skin, and eye
protection because chlorine irritates both the respiratory system and the mucous membranes of the eyes.
It is important to continually review Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) as they indicate the hazards associated
with specific products and make PPE recommendations.
A hazard identification and risk assessment should involve the health and safety committee as
an integral part of the team.

What steps are involved in the selection of PPE?

Once the need for PPE has been established, the next task is to select the proper type. Two
criteria need to be determined:
· the degree of protection required, and
· the appropriateness of the equipment to the situation (including the practicality of the
equipment being used and kept in good repair).
The degree of protection and the design of PPE must be integrated because both affect its
overall efficiency, wearability, and acceptance.
The following are guidelines for selection:

a) Match PPE to the hazard

There are no shortcuts to PPE selection. Choose the right PPE to match the hazard. On some
jobs, the same task is performed throughout the entire job cycle, so it is easy to select proper PPE. In
other instances, workers may be exposed to two or more different hazards. A welder may require
protection against welding gases, harmful light rays, molten metal, and flying chips. In such instances,
multiple protection is needed: a welding helmet, welders’ goggles, and the appropriate respirator, or an
air-supplied welding hood.
 b) Obtain advice
Make decisions based on thorough risk assessment, worker acceptance, and types of PPE
available. Once you have determined your PPE needs, do research, and shop around. Discuss your needs
with trained sales representatives and ask for their recommendations. Always ask for alternatives and
check into product claims and test data. Try out PPE and test it to see that the equipment meets all your
criteria before it is approved.
c) Involve workers in evaluations
It is extremely important to have the individual worker involved in the selection of specific
models. This assistance in selection can be achieved by introducing approved models into the workplace
for trials in which workers can evaluate various models. In this way, much information regarding fit,
comfort, and worker acceptability will be gained. When choosing PPE, workers should select among
two or three models, allowing for personal preferences. PPE should be individually assigned.

d) Consider the physical comfort of PPE (ergonomics)

If a PPE device is unnecessarily heavy or poorly fitted it is unlikely that it will be worn. Note
also that if a PPE device is unattractive or uncomfortable, or workers cannot choose among models,
compliance is likely to be poor. When several forms of PPE are worn together, interactions must be
kept in mind (e.g., will wearing eyewear interfere with the seal provided by earmuffs?). Use every
opportunity to provide flexibility in the choice of PPE if it meets required legislation and standards.

e) Evaluate cost considerations

The cost of PPE is often a concern. Some programs use disposable respirators because they
appear to be inexpensive. However, when the user is evaluated over time, it is possible that a dual
cartridge respirator would be more economical. Engineering controls might prove an even more cost-
effective solution in the long term and should be considered before PPE.
f) Review standards
Performance requirements of all standards must be reviewed to ensure that exposure to injury
will be minimized or eliminated by using PPE. If PPE is exposed to hazards greater than those for which
it is designed, it will not deliver adequate protection.
In Canada, various standards exist and the most recent should be used for guidance in the
selection process. For example, the CSA Standard Z94.3-15 “Eye and Face Protectors” outlines types
of eyewear protectors recommended for work hazards. The OSH Answers on eye and face
protection has more information on this topic.
g) Check the fit
When the selection has been made, the “fitting” component should be put in place. The key is
to fit each worker with PPE on an individual basis. At the time of fitting, show each worker how to
wear and maintain PPE properly.
In some cases, individual fitting programs should be carried out by qualified personnel. For
example, for eye protection, this qualified person could be an optometrist, an optician, a manufacturers'
representative, or a specially trained staff member, such as a nurse.
Eyewear should cover from the eyebrow to the cheekbone, and across from the nose to the
boney area on the outside of the face and eyes. When eyewear/glasses sit halfway down the nose,
protection from the hazard of flying particles is reduced, sometimes to the point where no protection is
given. The calculated degree of protection will not be achieved in practice unless the PPE is always
worn properly when the worker is at risk.
h) Perform regular maintenance and inspections
Without proper maintenance, the effectiveness of PPE cannot be assured. Maintenance should
include inspection, care, cleaning, repair, and proper storage.
Probably the most important part of maintenance is the need for continuing inspection of the
PPE. If carefully performed, inspections will identify damaged or malfunctioning PPE before it is used.
PPE that is not performing up to manufacturers specifications, such as eyewear with scratched lenses
that have lost their ability to withstand impact should be discarded.
Procedures should be set up to allow workers to get new PPE or replacement parts for damaged
PPE and help them to keep the PPE clean. For example, respiratory protection devices require a program
of repair, cleaning, storage, and periodic testing.
 Wearing poorly maintained or malfunctioning PPE could be more dangerous than not wearing
any form of protection at all. The workers have a false sense of security and think they are protected
when they are not.
i) Conduct education and training
No program can be complete without education and training to make sure PPE is used
effectively. Education and training should cover why it is important, how to fit and wear PPE, how to
adjust it for maximum protection, and how to care for it.
Emphasize the major goals of the program and reinforce the fact that engineering controls have
been considered as the primary prevention strategy. It is not good enough to tell someone to wear a
respirator just because management and/or legislation requires it. If the respirator is intended to prevent
lung disorders, the workers must be informed of the hazards.
Workers and their supervisors will require education and training in when, where, why, and
how to use the equipment to achieve the necessary level of protection. Include workers who are exposed
regularly as well as others who might be exposed on an occasional basis, for example, in emergencies
or when temporary work is performed in dangerous areas.
j) Get support from all departments
Once the program is underway there will be a continuing need for involvement from
management, safety, and medical personnel, supervisors, the health and safety committee, individual
workers, and even the suppliers of the chosen PPE.
Education and training programs should continue regularly.
k) Audit the program
As with any program or procedure implemented in an organization, the effectiveness of the
PPE program should be monitored by inspection of the equipment and auditing of procedures.
Annual audits are common, but it may be advisable to review critical areas more frequently.
It would be useful to compare the safety performance to data before the program began. This
comparison would help determine the success or failure of a program.
How can I promote the PPE program?
The overall goal of a safer workplace is supported by a careful promotional strategy. This
strategy focuses on:
· commitment by management and workers to the program and a sense of responsibility for it
· the reasons for the program, and
· how the program will work.
The success of the PPE program depends upon the cooperation and support of all those
concerned. Success is also more likely to be accomplished if it is shown that controls at the source and
along the path have been addressed comprehensively and effectively.
Why are there so many precautions about using PPE?
PPE programs are often plagued by the belief that once a piece of equipment is put on, the
worker is totally protected. This is a false sense of security. Basic safety principles, such as
housekeeping and engineering controls, must not be ignored.
PPE is designed to meet criteria which are only an approximation of real working conditions.
PPE should not be used when hazards are greater than those for which that specific piece of equipment
is designed. When it comes to the evaluation of potential hazards, uncertainties need to be considered.
Unfortunately, PPE design criteria cannot cover all eventualities.
Wearing PPE should not in itself create a greater danger. For example, gloves prevent skin
damage while working with moving equipment, but can create an entanglement hazard when working
with a drill press or metal lathe.
Most regulatory agencies require that PPE not be used unless the employer has taken all the
necessary measures in terms of engineering controls, work practices, administrative controls, and
hygiene to control the hazard.
 Since the goal of an occupational health and safety program is to prevent occupational injury
and illness, PPE cannot be the first protection option. The use of PPE does not prevent an incident from
happening. It does not eliminate the hazard. It only minimizes the exposure or may reduce the severity
of injury or illness. For these reasons, PPE is often described as “the last line of defense”.
What is an example of a PPE program checklist?
The PPE program coordinator should consider the following:
Design a PPE Program:
· Make sure the “hierarchy of controls” methods such as elimination, substitution, engineering
controls, and administrative controls, are considered first. PPE is the last line of defense.
· Secure the active participation of all parties.
· Ensure that a program coordinator has been appointed.
· Re-evaluate the program on an ongoing basis.
Promotional Strategy
· Publicize commitment to the program.
· Make sure a clear, concise company policy has been formulated.
Hazard identification and risk assessment
· Review work practices, job procedures, equipment, and plant layout.
· Use job hazard analysis techniques to integrate accepted safety and health principles and
practice into specific operations.
Selection
· Choose PPE to match the hazard.
· Get advice on proper selection.
· Have a workplace trial, whenever possible.
· Consider the physical comfort of PPE.
· Evaluate cost considerations of PPE usage.
· Ensure PPE meets standards / certification (e.g., CSA, CGSB, NIOSH, ANSI).
Fitting and wearing
Include fitting of PPE to the individual.
Observe or survey users to make sure the PPE is worn and worn properly.
Maintenance
Make sure that workers know how to perform regular maintenance and inspection of their PPE.
Make sure that workers can identify potential problems or defects with their PPE during the
pre-use inspection or while wearing/using.
Education and Training
· Verify that all users, supervisors, selectors, buyers, and stock keepers are educated and trained.
· Make sure that education and training programs are ongoing.
Audit the Program.
· Review the program at least annually.
· Review and compare production and safety performance records.
Worker responsibilities include:
Use of proper PPE
· Make sure you are wearing the right PPE for the job. Check with your safety representative if
you are not sure.
Maintenance and inspection
· Inspect PPE before and after each use.
· Always take care of PPE.
· Clean all PPE after use.
· Repair or replace damaged or broken PPE.
· Store PPE in clean dry air - free from exposure to sunlight or contaminants.
 Education and Training
· Participate in education and training on how to fit, wear, and maintain PPE.
· Ask questions to make sure you know when and what PPE should be worn, and why it
should be worn.

What should I do before I buy PPE?

• The employer must assess the hazards in the workplace in order to identify the correct
type of PPE to be provided and to ensure that PPE is appropriate to the risk. Care must
be taken in selecting PPE as certain types give reasonably high levels of protection
while others, that may appear almost the same, give relatively low levels of protection.
The level of risk must be assessed so that the performance required of the PPE can be
determined.
• assessed so that the performance required of the PPE can be determined.
• The selection of PPE must take account of the proper wearing and fitting of the
equipment – an employer should consider that one type of PPE may not fit all.
• Insourcing PPE, the employer must, therefore, select appropriate PPE which is user-
friendly, and which fits the individual employee correctly, after adjustment if necessary.
• Special care should be taken where persons suffer from certain medical conditions, e.g.,
certain types of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) may not be suitable for
employees with asthma, bronchitis, or heart disease. Where situations such as these
occur, the employer should seek medical advice as to whether the employee can tolerate
the use of PPE. Employers should make provisions for medical conditions where they
are aware of such conditions.
• Ensure any PPE you buy is ‘CE’ marked and complies with the requirements of the
European Union (Personal Protective Equipment) Regulations 2018, which require PPE
to have the appropriate CE mark. The CE marking signifies that the PPE satisfies certain
essential health and safety requirements.

• Who pays for PPE in the workplace?

Safety Health and Welfare at Work Act 2005 places a duty on employers to supply PPE
where risks cannot be eliminated or adequately controlled.
• Employers cannot pass on to employees any financial costs associated with duties
relating to safety, health, and welfare at work. An employer may not ask for money to be
paid to them by an employee for the provision of PPE whether returnable (e.g., a deposit) or
otherwise.
• Have the appropriate CE mark. The CE marking signifies that the PPE satisfies certain essential
health and safety requirements.
Where an employee wishes to upgrade to a more expensive item of PPE (e.g employee wants a
more fashionable brand), the employer & employee may enter into an agreement whereby the employee
makes up the difference between the cost of the original item of PPE & that of the more expensive item,
assuming they both give the same level of protection within the workplace.
Why should PPE only be used as a last resort?
PPE has its limitations because:

• PPE only protects the wearer.

• It is ineffective if not working or fitted properly.
• Theoretical levels of protection are seldom reached in practice.
• The use of PPE always restricts the wearer to some degree.
• Employers may charge a worker for PPE if the worker is truly self-employed.

The four principles for eliminating or reducing work-related hazards are:

1. Eliminate the risk.
2. Isolate the risk.
3. Bar access to hazard zones.
4. Use PPE.
Because PPE is the last resort after other methods of protection have been considered, it is
important that users wear it all the time they are exposed to the risk. Exemptions should not be allowed
for those jobs which take ‘just a few minutes. The Role of Employees should: Use PPE properly
whenever it is required to be used. Report any defects in or damage to the PPE immediately. •
Participate in any training or instruction provided on PPE. Inform their employer of any medical
conditions they have that might be affected using the PPE provided to them.

SCHEDULE 2: Regulation 62 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Part A — Guide list of activities and sectors of activity which may require the provision of personal
protective equipment.

1. Head Protection (Skull Protection) Protection helmets Building work, particularly

work on, underneath or in the vicinity of scaffolding and elevated places of work,
erection, and stripping of formwork, assembly and installation work, work on
scaffolding, and demolition work. Work on steel bridges, steel building construction,
masts, towers, steel hydraulic structures, blast furnaces, steelworks and rolling mills,
large containers, large pipelines, boiler plants, and power stations. Work in pits,
trenches, shafts, and tunnels. Earth and rock work. Work in underground workings,
quarries, open diggings, coal stock removal. Work with bolt-driving tools. Blasting
work. Work in the vicinity of lifts, lifting gear, cranes, and conveyors. Work with blast
furnaces, direct reduction plants, steelworks, rolling mills, metalworks, forging, drop
forging, and casting. Work with industrial furnaces, containers, machinery, silos,
bunkers, and pipelines. Shipbuilding work. Railway shunting work. Work in
slaughterhouses.
 2. Foot Protection Safety shoes with puncture-proof soles Carcase work, foundation work, and
roadworks. Carcass demolition work. Scaffolding work. Work with concrete and prefabricated parts
involving formwork erection and stripping. Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 2007 15
Personal Protective Equipment Updated: Layout 1 30/11/2007 10:50 Page 15 Work in contractors’
yards and warehouses. Roof work. Safety shoes without pierce-proof soles Work on steel bridges,
steel building construction, masts, towers, lifts, steel hydraulic structures, blast furnaces, steelworks
and rolling mills, large containers, large pipelines, cranes, boiler plants and power stations. Furnace
construction, heating, and ventilation installation and metal assembly work. Conversion and
maintenance work. Work with blast furnaces, direct reduction plants, steelworks, rolling mills,
metalworks, forging, drop forging, hot pressing, and drawing plants. Work in quarries and open
diggings, coal stock removal. Working and processing of rock. Working and processing in relation
to flat glass products and container glassware manufacture. Work with molds in the ceramics
industry. The lining of kilns in the ceramics industry. Molding work in the ceramic ware and building
materials industry. Transport and storage work. Work with frozen meat blocks and preserved food
packaging. Shipbuilding work. Railway shunting work. Safety shoes with heels or wedges and
pierce-proof soles Roof work. Protective shoes with insulated soles Work with and on extremely hot
or very cold materials. Safety shoes which can easily be removed Any work where there is a risk of
penetration by molten substances. Safety shoes fitted with toecaps Any work where there is a risk
of impact on or crushing of the foot caused by falling or projecting objects or collision of the foot
with an obstacle.
3. Eye or Face Protection goggles, face shields or screens Welding, grinding and separating work.
Caulking and chiseling work. Guide to the Safety, Health, and Welfare at Work (General
Application) 16 Personal Protective Equipment Updated: Layout 1 30/11/2007 10:50 Page 16 Rock
working and processing work. Work with bolt-driving tools. Work on stock removing machines for
small chippings. Drop forging. The removal and breaking up of fragments. Spraying of abrasive
substances. Work with acids and caustic solutions, disinfectants, and corrosive products. Work with
liquid sprays. Work with and in the vicinity of molten substances. Work with radiant heat. Work
with lasers.
4. Respiratory Protection Respirators/breathing apparatus Work in containers, restricted areas, and gas-
fired industrial furnaces where there may be gas or insufficient oxygen. Work in the vicinity of the
blast furnace charge. Work in the vicinity of gas converters and blast furnace gas pipes. Work in the
vicinity of blast furnace taps where there may be heavy metal fumes. Work on the lining of furnaces
and ladles where there may be dust. Spray painting where dedusting is inadequate. Work in shafts,
sewers, and other underground areas connected with sewage. Work in refrigeration plants where
there is a danger that the refrigerant may escape. Work in processes where harmful dust or fumes
are likely to be present.
5. Hearing Protection Ear Protectors Work with metal presses. Work with pneumatic drills. Work with
turbines. The work of ground staff at airports. Pile-driving work. Wood and textile working. Personal
Protective Equipment Regulations 2007 17 Personal Protective Equipment Updated:
6. Body, Arm, and Hand Protection Protective Clothing Work with acids and caustic solutions,
disinfectants, and corrosive cleaning substances. Work with or in the vicinity of hot materials and
where the effects of heat are felt. Work on flat glass products. Shot blasting. Work in deep-freeze
rooms. Fire-resistant protective clothing Welding in restricted areas. Pierce-proof aprons Boning
and cutting work. Work with hand knives involving drawing the knife towards the body. Leather
aprons Welding. Forging. Casting. Gloves Welding. Handling of sharp-edged objects, other than
machines where there is a danger of the glove being caught. Unprotected work with acids and caustic
solutions. Metal mesh gloves Boning and cutting. Regular cutting using a hand knife for production
and slaughtering. Changing the knives of cutting machines.
7. Weatherproof Clothing Work in the open air in the rain and cold weather. Waterproof clothing Work
in wet processes.
8. Reflective Clothing Work where the employees must be clearly visible. Guide to the Safety, Health,
and Welfare at Work (General Application) 18 Personal Protective Equipment Updated: Layout 1
30/11/2007
9. Safety Harness Work on scaffolding. Assembly of prefabricated parts. Work on masts.
10. Safety Ropes Work in high crane cabs. Work in high cabs of warehouse stacking and retrieval
equipment. Work in the high section of drilling towers. Work in shafts and sewers.
11. Skin Protection Processing of coating materials.

Training in the use of PPE

• Where PPE is provided employees must be informed of the risks against which they are being
protected by the PPE.
• Employees must also be provided with suitable information, instruction, and training (including
training in the use, care, or maintenance of PPE) to enable them to make proper and effective
use of any PPE provided for their protection.
• PPE users must be trained as regards the wearing, proper use, and any limitations of PPE.
• Managers and supervisors should also be aware of the reasons for providing PPE, its proper
use, and the level of protection afforded.
• Training, both theoretical and practical, should also cover persons involved in the selection,
maintenance, repair, and testing of PPE.
• The level of training provided will vary with the level of risk involved and the complexity and
performance of the equipment. For instance, the use of respirator equipment will require a
comprehensive degree of training with regular refresher courses, whereas the training for using
protective gloves for dealing with hazardous substances may require demonstration only. The
frequency of the refresher courses required in the case of PPE for high-risk situations will
depend on the nature of the equipment, how frequently it is used and the needs of the employees
using it.

What is the Life Expectancy of Hard Hats (additional Information to above)

• Hard hats are normally supplied with an information tag attached giving advice & lifetime
expectancy. Some manufacturers say 3 years, others say an in-use life of up to 5 years.
Obviously how much exposure they have had, how they have been stored, how many knocks
they have had will determine the replacement interval.
• Generally, the following advice will apply:
• Safety helmets need to be changed when damaged when they have been involved in an accident
when affected by sunlight and so forth. Hard hats will need replacing when the harness is
damaged or if it is likely that the shock absorption or penetration resistance has deteriorated.
For example, when the shell has received a severe impact, or if deep scratches occur (i.e. to a
depth greater than 25% of the shell thickness) or if the shell has any visible cracks. Good
maintenance will also keep the hat in good working order and prolong its life. Assuming they
have been well maintained & none of the above apply, replace according to manufacturer's
instructions.
 • Safety helmets should:
(a) be stored in a safe place, e.g., on a peg or in a cupboard on-site.
(b) not be stored in direct sunlight or in excessively hot, humid conditions because long-term exposure
can weaken the shell.
(c) be checked regularly for signs of damage or deterioration.
(d) have defective parts replaced (if the model allows this). Parts from one model cannot normally be
interchanged with those from another.
(e) have the sweatband cleaned regularly or replaced.

• Certain chemicals can weaken the plastic of the shell leading to rapid deterioration in shock
absorption or penetration resistance. Chemicals that should be avoided include aggressive
cleaning agents or solvent-based adhesives and paints. Where names or other markings need to
be applied using adhesives, advice should be sought from the helmet manufacturer.

General requirements of the PPE Standard cover four major activities:

(1) assessment, (2) selection, (3) training, and (4) verification.

1) Assessment Understand the environment

Hazard assessment is arguably the most important step in PPE compliance because it is the
basis from which the entire PPE program is built. You must be both open-minded and realistic during
this phase of the process and understand the significance of each hazard faced in your work
environment.
Responsibility for performing the hazard assessment should not fall solely on one person or
even one part of the organization. Collaboration is more likely to result in proper identification and
assessment of hazards. A contributor with independence and detachment from day-to-day operational
responsibilities helps avoid inherent conflicts between current practice, production and cost pressures,
hazard potentials, and best practice.

2) Selection Match PPE to the hazards

Before you select your PPE, first decide if PPE is the proper and only solution.
Ask the following questions:
• Can the hazard be removed by substitution or elimination of an ingredient or task?
• Can the hazard be mitigated by guards or redesign of the equipment?
• Can work practices, procedures, or administrative controls be put in place to abate the problem?

With chemical and biological protective clothing, the fundamental decisions are fabric, seams, and
design. These are governed by questions such as:
• What is the probability of actual contact?
• What is the likely amount of contact?
• What is the expected duration of contact?
• From what direction is the contact likely?
3) Training Proper wear, care, and disposal
Training starts with ensuring that employees know what PPE is required and when. Training
must include how to don, doff, adjust, and wear PPE. This is a good time to confirm sizing. Relying on
sizing charts is not enough. How well a garment fits can be impacted by the type of job, whether
additional PPE is worn over or under the garment, and the size and shape of the wearer. Employees
should not only try on PPE but also do simulated work activities to test the fit. Where size is concerned,
too big is as bad as too little. Too big may cause tripping or movement hazards as well as opportunities
for snags, rips, or tears.
Training must also cover the limitations of PPE, proper care and maintenance, useful life, and
disposal of PPE. In the case of chemical and biological protective clothing, understanding the proper
disposal method may require dealing with the exposed garment as a hazardous material itself.

4) Verification Maintain compliance

For the final step, employers must verify that employees know, understand, and follow their
PPE training. Employers must retrain an employee if there is a change in work assignment, change in
PPE, or if improper use is detected. This verification process can be accomplished through a physical
or paper audit (e.g., questionnaire). However, it is good practice to couple PPE auditing with the
mandated Hazcom training to ensure the PPE program is still effective and that employees are safely
using the equipment.

Most PPE devices are not intended to be the only measure of protection against hazards. When
PPE is required, employers must understand that compliance is a detailed process.

II. Learning Competency with Code:

Prepare materials, tools, and equipment for nursery work.
At the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
1. Select and check the suitable personal protective equipment (PPE), as required by the work.
III. Directions/Instructions:
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently and Answer
all the given tests and exercises.

IV. Exercises/Activities:
Exercise #1: Identify/Give the PPE personal protective equipment needed to the given work below:
(Write your answer on the space provided)
2. Man Working underneath or in the vicinity of scaffolding.
3. Burnok is an engineer, and he is task to visit the ongoing construction project in
Balasi, what PPE is he going to used?
4. Olivia is applying for a housing loan in the Land Bank of Luna Apayao, what is she
going to wear to avoid COVID-19 virus?
5. Trevore is cutting corrugated steel bar using loud equipment what is he going to
used?
6. A chemist is working with acid and caustic solutions. What is he/she going to used?
Exercise #2: Read and answer diligently. (Use the space provided)
A. When should Personal Protective Equipment be used and why?

Exercise #3: TRUE or FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong.
Write your answer before the number.
1. Controlling a hazard at its source is the good choice because this method will eliminate it from the
workplace altogether or isolate it from the worker.
2. A good comprehensive strategy considers the hazards, conducts a risk assessment, evaluates all
possible control methods, integrates various approaches, and reexamines the controls frequently to
make sure that the hazard continues to be controlled.
3. The coordinator has the responsibility to make sure that each of the elements of a program is in place
and operational.
4. The first step in the development of a PPE program is to identify the hazards at the worksite.
5. The employee must assess the hazards in the workplace to identify the correct type of PPE
to be provided and to ensure that PPE is appropriate to the risk.

V. Rubric for Essay:

VI. Reflection:
1. I Learned that ….

2. I enjoyed most on …

3. I want to Learn more on …

VII. References for Learners:
• https://www.hsa.ie/eng/Publications_and_Forms/Publications/Retail/Gen_Apps_PPE.
pdf
• https://www.senate.gov.ph/republic_acts/ra%2011058.pdf
• https://www.hsa.ie/eng/Topics/Personal_Protective_Equipment_-_PPE/PPE_-
FAQs/Personal_Protective_Equipment_FAQ_Responses.html
• http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/documents/49/11waste.pdf
• https://www.stonybrook.edu/hr/misc/procedure-for-solving-problems-in-the-
workplace.shtml

VIII. Answer Key:

Exercise#3:

5. False
4. True
3. False
2. True
1.True

Prepared by:

8 MERVIN L. TOMAS
Subject Teacher