STATE VERBS

they describe activities which already exxtend in time

be, believe, cost, depend, have, hear, know, matter, smell, suppose, taste, think, understand
● Some of these verbs can be used in continuous forms with a change of meaning
○ Tim is being rather difficult at the moment. (behave)
○ I am thinking of buying a new car. (consider)
○ I am tasting the soup, to check if it needs more salt. (sample)

WISH, IF ONLY, IT’S TIME, I’D RATHER, PREFER, AS IF, AS THOUGH

- toate merg cu un timp în spate

WISH :
● wish + full infinitive means “would like” (formal) ex: We wish to inform you that...

WOULD:
Se folosește pentru a exprima enervare sau ceva ce ne-am dori sa se intample
ex: I wish Peter wouldn’t chew gum all the time.
I wish the police would do something about it.
IF ONLY:
Se inlocuieste cu wish pentru a arata empatia.
ex: If only I had gone to your party.

IT’S TIME:
Poate fi similar cu the second conditional.
ex: Sorry, but it’s time we went home.
If we went home, It would be better.

It’s time you started work. (you are being lazy and not working)
It’s time to start work. ( a simple statement of fact)

I’D RATHER
Poate fi similar cu the second conditional.
I’d rather you didn’t tell John about this.
If you didn’t tell John about this, it would be better.

SUPPOSE AND IMAGINE

In informal speech we can use suppose or imagine in place of if .
Suppose you lost your keys. What would you do?
Imagine you were rich. How would you feel?

PREFER
-Se foloseste “to” ( ex: I prefer cycling to taking the bus)

AS IF, AS THOUGH
-le putem folosi pentru a exprima ironia
ex:. It isn’t as though you ever do the washing up.
PREPOZITII
1. across vs opposite
Across e cu forma mai vagă, putea înseamnă puțin mai la stanga sau dreapta
Opposite e mai precis, e fix in fata.

2. next to vs near
● next means very close, with nothing in between. The same as beside.
● Near means only a short distance from the spot.

LINKING WORDS
● Although, though, even though
○ Although cannot come at the end of a sentence.
○ Though can come at the end of the sentence.
○ Even though gives a stronger contrast than although.

● While, whereas
○ Are used in formal speech and writing. They compare 2 facts.

● However, nevertheless, nonetheless

○ However can go in any part of the sentence, between 2 commas.
○ Nevertheless is a very formal way of expressing however.

TIME EXPRESSIONS
● At last ( At last you have arrived )
● Presently - this means in a few moments ( I will be with you presently )

FUTURE
● future simple
○ predictions
○ future facts
○ decision made at the mom of speaking
○ offers
○ promises
○ requests
○ refusals
Pentru oferte, sugestii folosim SHALL, not will
Pentu cereri putem folosi : would,could, can
Pentru refuzuri: couldnt, cant

● to be going to
 ○ intentii (se poate folosi pentru predictii inepartate in viitor)
○ predictii facute pe evidenta prezenta

● present continous
○ stabiliri
○ intenții