DESK STUDY REPORT

OF
KARNASHI THULIGAD MICRO HYDRO PROJECT
(KTMHP - 0.94 MW)

SEPTEMBER 2018
ASOJ 2075

SUBMITTED BY:
BIRAAT ENGINEERING SERVICES PVT. LTD.

SUBMITTED TO:
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICITY DEVELOPMENT (DOED)
ANAAMNAGAR, KATHMANDU, NEPAL
TABLE OF CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3

2. SURVEY LICENSE FOR FURTHER STUDIES...........................................................................3

3. LOCATION.....................................................................................................................................4

4. AVAILABLE MAPS.......................................................................................................................4

5. HYDROLOGICAL DATA..............................................................................................................4

6. TYPE OF PROJECT.......................................................................................................................6
6.1.1 HEADWORKS...................................................................................................................6
6.1.2 WATERWAYS..................................................................................................................6
6.1.3 SURGE SHAFT..................................................................................................................6
6.1.4 POWERHOUSE AND TAILRACE...................................................................................6
6.1.5 TRANSMISSION LINE.....................................................................................................6
6.1.6 ACCESS ROAD.................................................................................................................6

7. POWER AND ENERGY OUTPUT................................................................................................6

8. SCOPE OF WORK..........................................................................................................................7
8.1 TOPOGRAPHY SURVEY........................................................................................................8
8.2 HYDROLOGY AND SEDIMENTLOGY................................................................................9
8.2.1 HYDROLOGY...................................................................................................................9
8.2.2 SEDIMENTLOGY.............................................................................................................9
8.3 GEOLOGY AND GEOTECHNICAL.......................................................................................9
8.4 DESIGN AND COST ESTIMATION......................................................................................9
8.5 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND SCHEDULES.............................................................9
8.6 ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIOLOGY..................................................................................10
8.7 ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS.......................................................................10

9. PROFESSIONAL PERSONNELS REQUIREMENTS................................................................10

10. COST ESTIMATE......................................................................................................................11

11. WORK SHEDULE......................................................................................................................11

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DESK STUDY REPORT OF KARNASHI THULIGAD MICRO HYDRO PROJECT(KTMHP 0.94 MW

1. INTRODUCTION

A preliminary desk study has been carried out based on available maps with a view of
identifying potential hydropower sites at Doti District. A team consisting of hydropower
engineers and geologist has a plan to visit the site to verify the site of the project and
necessary technical document for the project. The name of the project is designated as
Karnashi Thuligad Micro Hydro Project (KTMHP).

Salient Features

The salient features are presented in the Table 1.

Table 1 Salient features of Karnashi Thuligad Micro Hydro Project (KTMHP)

Location Jorayal Rural Municipality-4 Doti District.

Hydrology at Intake
Catchment area 173 km2
Design discharge (Q40% ) 2.26 m3/s
Avg. Minimum Flow 1.04 m3/s
Avg. Maximum Flow 24.87 m3/s
Proposed Structures
Headworks Diversion Weir, Side Intake, Gravel Trap, Settling
Basin
Headrace Headrace Pipe
Surge Arrester Surge Tank
Penstock Surface steel pipe
Powerhouse Surface Powerhouse, Francis Turbine(s)
Transmission line 25 km to Proposed Substation Syaule Station,
Dadeldhura.
Power and Energy
Gross Head 55 m
Net Head 52.25 m
Installed Capacity 0.94 MW
Dry Season Energy Generation 1.4 Gwh
Wet Season Energy Generation 4.8 Gwh
Total Annual Energy Generation 5.90 Gwh

2. SURVEY LICENSE FOR FURTHER STUDIES

To verify the findings of this preliminary study and also to upgrade it, additional studies
will be required. This would include visits to site, survey of the area, and some field
investigations to proceed to “Feasibility Study” level.

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3. LOCATION

Thuligad is one of the small tributaries of Karnali River. The proposed Karnashi Thuligad
Micro Hydro Project is located at Jorayal Rural Municipality – 4, Doti district, State – 7 of
Nepal. The proposed intake of the project lies at approximately 80 0 40’ 07’’ E and 290 03’
49’ N and an elevation of 1085.0 masl. Likewise the powerhouse is located at
approximately 800 39’ 10’’E and 290 03’ 25’’N and an elevation of 1030.0 masl.
The location of the project area is shown in Appendix A. The villages bordering the project
area are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Details of village bordering the project area

Borders Sides Village/s
North Pipalkanya
South Thali
East Arukharka
West Simlikhet, Nakku

The latitude and longitude of the four boundary points defining the project area are
shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Longitudes and Latitudes of boundary points of the project area

Point Longitude Latitude
1. East North Corner 0
80 40' 17"E 29° 03' 52" N
2. East South Corner 0
80 40' 17" E 290 03' 20" N
3.West North Corner 800 39' 05" E 29° 03' 52" N
4. West South Corner 0
80 39' 05" E 290 03' 20" N

4. AVAILABLE MAPS

A 1:25,000 topographical counter map (Sheet No. 2980 15 D) published by Survey

Department of Government of Nepal in operation with Government of Finland has been
used in the desk study.

5. HYDROLOGICAL DATA

Thuligad is an ungauged stream, therefore at this stage of study, the methods applicable
for ungauged catchment HYDEST (WECS), MHSP and CAR (Station No 170) methods are
used. Thuligad is one of the small tributary of Karnali River.

The catchment area of Karnashi Thuligad Micro Hydro Project at intake is shown in
Appendix A.

HYDEST results
The parameters used for the estimation of flow at intake is Shown in Table 4.

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Table 4 Input parameters

Area of basin 173 km2
Area of basin below 5000m elevation 173 m2
Area of basin below 3000m elevation 173 km2
Monsoon wetness index 500.0 mm

Summary of results from the various method of analysis is shown in Table 5 to Table 6.
Table 6 gives the flow duration curve based on CAR method. The flow for 40% probability
of exceedance is used to estimate the installed capacity of the project.

Table 5 Monthly Flow summery of flow from different methods

Months HYDEST MHSP CAR Adopted Flow

(Surnayagad (m3/sec)
Stn. No. 170)
January 2.21 2.68 1.30 1.30
February 1.88 2.20 1.25 1.25
March 1.69 2.01 1.34 1.34
April 1.74 2.45 1.04 1.04
May 2.33 2.80 1.08 1.08
June 6.27 6.96 4.94 4.94
July 19.47 18.16 15.02 15.02
August 23.25 22.36 24.87 24.87
September 17.41 17.54 14.16 14.16
October 7.91 8.52 5.58 5.58
November 3.03 4.17 2.37 2.37
December 2.03 2.75 1.65 1.65

Table 6 Flow Duration Data for Karnashi Thuligad Micro Hydro Project

Percentile Exceedance Flow (m3/s)

0% 171.18
5% 27.06
20% 8.19
40% 2.26
50% 1.69
60% 1.33
65% 1.21
80% 0.88
95% 0.55
100% 0.22

6. TYPE OF PROJECT
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The project is a “Run-of-the River” type, without any provision for seasonal flood storage
for power generation. The proposed intake of the Karnashi Thuligad Micro Hydro Project
(KTMHP) has a catchment area about 173 km2. The gross head available is approximately
55 m. The different components is of the projects are describe below.

Project Layout
Layout of the Project is shown in Appendix A.

6.1.1 Headworks
Headworks consist of a low height diversion weir with the crest elevation at approximately
1085.0 masl and a side intake. It will also consist of a gravel trap and a surface settling
basins on the right bank of the Thuligad stream.

6.1.2 Waterways
The waterways will require about 2.0 km of Headrace Pipe to convey the design discharge
between outlet of the settling basin and surge tank. There will be about 150 km long steel
pressure penstock pipe, which will convey water from surge tank to powerhouse.

6.1.3 Surgetank
A surgetank of suitable diameter and height will be designed in the different scenario of
turbine operation.

6.1.4 Powerhouse and Tailrace

An surface powerhouse will be located at a tail water level of 1030.0 masl. The tailrace
will consist of an open channel and discharges to Thuligad just upstream of Simlikhet
village.

6.1.5 Transmission Line

The generated electricity will be transmitted through 33 kV single circuit to proposed
NEA’s 33/11 kV Substation at Syaule, Dadeldhura which is about 25 km far from the
generation station.

6.1.6 Access road

All weather road from Attaria, Kailali is available upto Sahajpur, Doti via Attaria –
Dadeldhura Road. Earthen road upto Tusreni (Sahajpur – Tusreni) is accessible. About 5
km access road is to be constructed to reach upto the headworks site of the project area.

7. POWER AND ENERGY OUTPUT

The installed capacity of the project is calculated using a design flow corresponding to
40% exceedance. The installed capacity will be approximately 0.94 MW corresponding to
2.26 m3/s (40% exceedance) design flow. The annual energy generation is calculated
with a provision of minimum downstream release of the least 10% of the minimum flow.
The results of annual energy generation are summarise in the Table 7 below.

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Table 7 Details of flow, power and energy production

Weir Crest
Level 1085 amsl Turbine Efficiency for full discharge 90.0% (Q40 m3/Sec)
Tailwater level 1030 amsl Generator Efficiency 96.0% 2.26
Gross head 55 m Transformer Efficiency 99.0%  
Combined Efficency for full
Net head 52.25 m discharge 85.54%  
D/s release 0.107 m3/s Installed capacity (KW) 943 Outage and losses 5%

Q for Outage
No power Net and Net Enegy
of River generation head(m Turbine Powe Energy losses Generation
Months Days Flow(m3/s) (m3/s) ) efficiency r (kW) (kWh) 5% kWh
Baisak
h 31 1.07 0.96 53.84 86% 413 307630 15381 292248
Jestha 31 3.01 2.90 52.25 86% 943 701875 35094 666782
Asad 31 9.98 9.87 52.25 86% 943 701875 35094 666782
Srawan 32 19.95 19.84 52.25 86% 943 724517 36226 688291
Bhadra 31 19.52 19.41 52.25 86% 943 701875 35094 666782
Asoj 30 9.88 9.77 52.25 86% 943 679234 33962 645273
Kartik 30 3.98 3.87 52.25 86% 943 679234 33962 645273
Mangsi
r 30 2.02 1.91 52.68 86% 804 578652 28933 549720
Paush 29 1.48 1.37 53.34 86% 584 406497 20325 386172
Magh 29 1.28 1.17 53.58 86% 501 348846 17442 331404
Falgun 30 1.30 1.19 53.56 86% 510 366892 18345 348547
Chaitra 31 1.20 1.09 53.68 86% 468 348121 17406 330715
0.
Dry Energy(GWH) 1.40 07 1.33
0.
Wet Energy (GWH) 4.82 24 4.6
0.
Total Enegry (GWH)   6.22 32 5.9
Dry-Total Enegry Ratio 22.5%    

8. SCOPE OF WORK
The scope of work at various stages of the study to determine the feasibility of the project
is presented below. The Technical team of Infra Partners Private Limited will be
responsible for conducting feasibility study. The Terms of Reference for these works is
given Appendix B.

Table 8 Summary of the work and its description

No. Study topics Description

1. Survey Survey of the area and production of a topographical maps
2. Feasibility Study Evaluation of the alternatives of the project layout and
determination of the optimum layout
3. Geology Detailed geological and engineering geological mapping,
investigation on construction material testing
4. Hydrology Hydrological analysis and measurements/sedimentation
measurements.
5. Environmental Environmental Work.
Work

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6. Design of the Design of the layouts and the structures for headwork,
different headrace, penstock, powerhouse and tailrace and
components transmission lines, determination of the components for
including electromechanical design
electromechanical
design
7. Cost estimate Determination of the quantities and costs of the different
components
8. Financial analysis Financial analysis to determine the financial feasibility of the
project
9. Construction Planning of the phases of the construction schedules
planning
10. Miscellaneous Required administrative and quality control works
11. Environment and Determination of the environmental effects and methods to
sociology mitigate them
Determination of the social consequences and the methods to
mitigate them

The scope of work in the feasibility study will be as follows:

8.1 Topography survey

The topographic survey will consist of a second order control survey that will include the
river alignment and the areas for the head works, headrace alignment, surge tank,
powerhouse and tailrace. The control survey will be a closed traverse loop. The closing
accuracy of this survey will be higher than 1:10000 horizontally and vertical accuracy will
be equivalent to 10√k mm, where k=length in km.

The detail survey will cover:

 Headworks area covering 200 metres upstream and downstream of the proposed
headworks site.
 Surge tank area necessary to consider options.
 Penstock alignment that extends at least for 50 m on the both sides of the
proposed penstock centre line
 Powerhouse/tailrace area that extend at least 100 m on the both sides of the
powerhouse centreline(along the penstock and tailrace alignments) to the river and
the river width

Boundaries of private and public land, cultivated land, forest etc. are to be defined on the
survey drawings. Existing permanent and semi-permanent structures such as sheds,
boundary walls, big trees, large boulders located in the project area are also to be marked
on the survey drawings.

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8.2 Hydrology and Sedimentology

8.2.1 Hydrology
Available hydrological data will be reviewed. Long term records of precipitation and
temperature will be collected from DHM and analysed. Low flows and floods of various
return periods will be estimated.

8.2.2 Sedimentology
Sediment samples from the riverbed will be collected and mineralogical analysis and
particle size distribution analysis will be carried out.

8.3 Geology and Geotechnical

All relevant geological documents and maps presented in the previous study and available
from both government and NGO’s will be collected and reviewed. Geological and
engineering geological maps will be prepared for all project sites. The mapping will
identify and map the geological boundary, rock types and orientation, rock mass
classification, weathering grade, rock slope stability analysis, rock strength, geological
structures such as faults, folds, shear zones; genetic soil classification and
seepage/springs. Necessary investigation and testing will be carried out. Construction
material sites will be identified and material testing will be carried out.

8.4 Design and cost estimation

A layout design of the following civil and associated structural works will be prepared
 Headworks
 Intake
 Settling basin
 Headrace pipe, surge tank
 Penstock(not including detailed steelwork drawings)
 Powerhouse and control building
 Tailrace
 River training and slope stability work
 Switchyard and transmission line
 Access road
 Transmission line

The electromechanical design of the associated components will be carried out.

The cost of the project from the estimation of the different construction costs and other
items necessary to build the project will be calculated. The rates with the provision for its
escalation in the future will be incorporated in this estimation.

8.5 Construction planning and schedules

A detailed construction programme will be produced. Required Construction time will be
determined and critical activities identified.

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8.6 Environment and Sociology

As per DOED Guidelines December-2003, it is mandatory to carry out EIA study or IEE
Study for those projects, which have capacity greater than 1 MW. The project capacity is
above 1 MW, Hence IEE Study will be carried out as per environmental Act and regulation.

Environmental and Social study will include:

 Collect baseline data on (a) physical, (b) biological, (c) socio-economic and cultural
environment condition of the project area;
 Identify positive and negative impacts of the project;
 Suggest mitigation measures for the adverse impact;
 Develop environmental mitigation and monitoring Plan;
 Prepare IEE reports as per EPR 1997 and its Amendments;
 Systematic working procedures
 Delineate the specific activities to be implemented;
 Fit the IEE study into the context of existing polices, rules and administrative,
procedures

8.7 Economic and financial analysis

The economic and financial analysis will be performed to determine the viability of the
project. This analysis will investigate the effects of different variables on the viability of
the project.

9. PROFESSIONAL PERSONNELS REQUIREMENTS

The required manpower for the study of the project is shown in the table 9.

Table 9 Professional personnel requirement

No. Study Topic Professional Number
1 Survey and mapping
Surveying Surveyors 2
Mapping Mapping Personnel 2
2 Feasibility Study
Study Coordination Project Manager 1
Geology Engineering Geologist 1
Hydrology Hydrologist 1
Headworks design Headworks Engineer 1
Headrace design Headrace Engineer 1
Penstock design Penstock Engineer 1
Powerhouse/tailrace design Powerhouse Engineer 1
Electrical design Electrical Engineer 1
Estimation of the cost Quantity Surveyor 1
Economic and financial analysis Financial Analyst 1
Construction planning Construction Planner 1
Mechanical design Mechanical Engineer 1
Environmental studies Environmentalist 2
Socio-economic evaluation Sociologists 1

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The engineering division of developer is capable of furnishing the majority of the

necessary resource personnel. Outside personnel will be used where such are not
available in the company. The organization profile is in Appendix.

10. COST ESTIMATE

The cost estimate of the complete study is shown in the table 10.

Table 10 Detail cost breakdown of the THP

S. Description Amount in
No NRS.
.
1 Topographical Survey and Mapping 300,000
2 Geological & Geotechnical Investigation Including Geological Mapping 150000
3 Headwork design and drawings 175,000
4 Headrace Pipe and Surge tank Design and drawings 175,000
Hydro-mechanical design and drawings (Penstock, gates, draft tube, 250,000
5 bifurcation, etc.)
6 Power House Design and drawings 250,000
7 Electromechanical Design and drawings 200,000
8 Optimization Study 100,000
10 Economical and Financial Analysis 7,5000
11 Preparation of Detail Feasibility Report 100,000
12 EIA Study and Report Preparation 175,000
13 Logistic support 150,000
Total 2,100,000
Contingency (10%) 210,000
  Grand Total = 2,310,000

11. WORK SHEDULE

It has been estimated that the survey of the area will take 35 days and the feasibility
study of the project will take about 15 months. This schedule is conditional the work at
the site can begin immediately after the issuing of the license. If the license is obtained in
the months of high flow time, there will be a consequent lag of couple of months till the
more favourable time when flows reduces. The tentative detailed work schedule is shown
in Appendix C.

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APPENDIX A

PROJECT LAYOUT MAP

CATCHMENT AREA MAP

KARNASHI THULIGAD MICRO HYDRO PROJECT

DOTI DISTRICT
DESK STUDY REPORT

SEPTEMBER 2018

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PROJECT LAYOUT MAP

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CATCHMENT AREA MAP

Catchment Area = 173 Km2

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DESK STUDY REPORT OF KARNASHI THULIGAD MICRO HYDRO PROJECT(KTMHP 0.94 MW

APPENDIX B

TERMS OF REFERENCE

KARNASHI THULIGAD MICRO HYDRO PROJECT

DOTI DISTRICT
DESK STUDY REPORT

SEPTEMBER 2018

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TERMS OF REFERENCE
These terms of reference specifically describe the responsibilities of the developers (the
Client) and the consultant to be appointed for the job. A suitable qualified hydro power
consultant will be used to provide necessary services.

The responsibility of the Consultant for the Scope of Services including production of the
drawing and reports shall be as follows.

Survey
 Detail Topographic survey and mapping of the headwork’s, surge tank, power
house and tailrace area.

Feasibility study
 Project Definition Report
 Hydrology review and update, Sedimentology (sediment samples from the riverbed
will be collected and mineralogical analysis and particle size distribution analysis
will be carried out, no river solid discharge measurement will be taken)
 Geological and geotechnical field investigation including geological survey and
mapping
 Preparation of general layout drawing of the project
 Preparation of final Feasibility Study report
 Temporary and permanent site layouts as listed below but not limited to (the
Consultant shall provide the camp area location):
 Site plan for temporary works
 Housing (temporary and permanent)
 Offices (temporary and permanent)
 Water supply, sewage treatment and other facilities
 Construction power
 Mass waste management and landscaping
 Electro mechanical design, layout and detailing of transmission line
 Liaison with concern government and local authorities and the local communities
 Water rights, irrigation compensation, land ownership and other issues
 Initial Environment Examination and related issues
 Construction Planning and schedules
 Economic and Financial studies and Optimisation study & Energy Calculation

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APPENDIX C

WORK SCHEDULE

KARNASHI THULIGAD MICRO HYDRO PROJECT

DOTI DISTRICT
DESK STUDY REPORT

SEPTEMBER 2018

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WORK SCHEDULE FOR

FEASIBILITY STUDY & IEE STUDY
KARNASHI THULIGAD MICRO HYDRO PROJECT (KTMHP) – 0.94 MW

(Duration-Months)
S.N. Description Of Works 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
1 Literature Review

2 Field Visit And Inception Report

Preparation
3 Detail Field Survey
4 Topographical Map Preparation
5 Geological investigation and
Laboratory Test
6 Geological Map Preparation
7 Project Layout & Structure Design
8 Electromechanical Design
9 Quantity Estimate & Costing
10 Economic & Financial Analysis
11 Preparation of Report
12 Environmental Studies

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