SAMARA UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering &Technology

Department of Computer Science
COURSE TITLE:LOGIC IN COMPUTER SCIENCE
COURSE CODE:COSC3141
Group Member -------------------- ID NO

1. Tezera Tadesse-------------------1101082

2. Muhaz Suleman-----------------1100982

3. Tibebu Bekele-------------------1101134

4. Teha Mume ---------------------1100973

5. Wondimu Bayisa---------------1100990

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 What is Fuzzy Logic?

The 'Fuzzy' word means the things that are not clear or are vague. Sometimes, we
cannot decide in real life that the given problem or statement is either true or false. At
that time, this concept provides many values between the true and false and gives the
flexibility to find the best solution to that problem.

Fuzzy Logic (FL) is a method of reasoning that resembles human reasoning. The approach of FL
imitates the way of decision making in humans that involves all intermediate possibilities
between digital values YES and NO.

What is the difference between fuzzy logic and binary(boolean) logic?

Fuzzy logic is a multi-valued logic that allows a range of truth-values between 0 (completely
false) and 1 (completely true) . but in binary logic, values are limited to two states: 0 (false)
and 1 (true). Take a look at the following diagram. It shows that in fuzzy systems, the
values are indicated by a number in the range from 0 to 1.

In other words, we can say that fuzzy logic is not logic that is fuzzy, but logic that is
used to describe fuzziness.

Fuzzy Logic - Membership Function and fuzzy set

The membership function is a function which represents the graph of fuzzy sets,
and allows users to quantify the linguistic term.

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  Membership functions can be defined as a technique to solve practical problems
by experience rather than knowledge.
 Membership functions are represented by graphical forms.
 Rules for defining fuzziness are fuzzy too

Set Theory
Fuzzy sets can be considered as an extension and gross oversimplification of classical
sets.

Mathematical Concept

A fuzzy set in the universe of information U can be defined as a set of ordered pairs
and it can be represented mathematically as –

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 degree of membership of yy in \widetilde{A}, assumes values in the
range from 0 to 1, i.e.,

Representation of fuzzy set

Let us now consider two cases of universe of information and understand how a fuzzy
set can be represented

Case 1
When universe of information U is discrete and finite –

Case 2
When universe of information U is continuous and infinite –

Operations on Fuzzy Sets

Having two fuzzy sets the universe of information UU and an element �

of the universe, the following relations express the union, intersection and complement
operation on fuzzy sets

Union/Fuzzy ‘OR’
Let us consider the following representation to understand how the Union/Fuzzy
‘OR’ relation works −

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Intersection/Fuzzy ‘AND’
Let us consider the following representation to understand how the Intersection/Fuzzy
‘AND’ relation works −

Complement/Fuzzy ‘NOT’
Let us consider the following representation to understand how
the Complement/Fuzzy ‘NOT’ relation works −

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