### OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

Project
Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL ENTER DATA IN BLUE CELLS ONLY.
Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page RED MESSAGES INDICATE ENTRY ERRORS.
Location Grid line 1 rc 01-Jun-2021 101
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:198
Checked Revision Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 © 1999-2002 BCA for RCC chg - R68

IDEALISED STRUCTURE and FORCE DIAGRAMS DESIGN STATUS: VALID

WARNING :
Passive pressure should
only be considered if it 
can be guaranteed that 
there will be no future
excavation in front of
the wall.

DIMENSIONS (mm) 
H= 3250 B= 4000 Tw = 300
Hw = 1500 BI = 1200 Tb = 300
Hp = 300 BN = 0 TN = 0
Hn = 0
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 35 N/mm² gm = 1.5 concrete 
fy = 460 N/mm² gm = 1.05 steel 
cover to tension steel = 50 mm
Max allowable design surface crack width (W) = 0.3 mm (0.2 or 0.3 BS8007 specifies crack widths of 0.1 or
mm only)
Concrete density = 24 kN/m³ 0.2 mm.
SOIL PROPERTIES Wall Geometry
Design angle of int'l friction of retained mat'l (Ø) = 30 degree
Design cohesion of retained mat'l (C ) = 0 kN/m² (Only granular backfil considered, "C" = zero)
Density of retained mat'l (q ) = 20 kN/m³
Submerged Density of retained mat'l (qs ) = 5.00 kN/m³ [default=2/3*q (only apply when13.33
Design angle of int'l friction of base mat'l (Øb) = 20 degree ASSUMPTIONS
Design cohesion of base material (Cb ) = 10 kN/m² a) Wall friction is zero
Density of base material (qb ) = 10 kN/m³ b) Minimum active earth pressure = 0.25qH
Allowable gross ground bearing pressure (GBP) = 200 kN/m² c) Granular backfill
d)Does not include check of rotational slide/slope failure
LOADINGS Surcharge load -- live (SQK) = 10 kN/m² e)Does not include effect of seepage of ground
Surcharge load -- dead (SGK) = 10 water beneath the wall.
Line load -- live (LQK) = 10.3 kN/m f)Does not include deflection check of wall due to 300
Line load -- dead (LGK) = 43 kN/m lateral earth pressures
Distance of line load from wall (X) = 0 mm h) Design not intended for walls over 3.0 m high
i) Does not include check for temp. or shrinkage effects 29.58
LATERAL FORCES (unfactored) Ka = 0.33 [ default ka = (1-SIN Ø)/(1+SIN Ø) 0.33
Kp = 2.04 [ default kp = (1+SIN Øb)/(1-SIN2.04
Kpc = 2.86 [ default kpc = 2kp0.5 ] = 2.86
Kac = 1.15 [ 2ka0.5 ]

Force Lever arm Moment about TOE gf Fult Mult

(kN) (m) (kNm) (kN) (kNm)
PE = 29.58 LE = 1.194 35.33 1.40 41.42 49.46
PS(GK) = 10.83 LS = 1.63 17.60 1.40 15.17 24.65
PS(QK) = 10.83 LS = 1.63 17.60 1.60 17.33 28.17
PL(GK) = 14.33 LL = 3.25 46.58 1.40 20.07 65.22
PL(QK) = 3.43 LL = 3.25 11.16 1.60 5.49 17.85
PW = 11.25 LW = 0.50 5.63 1.40 15.75 7.88 REINFORCEMENT DENSITY
Total 80.27 133.90 115.23 193.22 274.4 kg/m
PP = -9.49 (LP-HN) = 0.15 -1.38 1.00 -9.49 -1.38
 Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page

Location Grid line 1 rc 01-Jun-2021 102

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BSChecked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 © 1999-2002 BCA for RCC chg - R68

EXTERNAL STABILITY STABILITY CHECKS : OK

OVERTURNING about TOE F.O.S = 1.50

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) LOADING OPTION
Overturning Lateral FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) (select critical load combination)
Moments PE = 29.58 LE = 1.08 32.05 EARTH

PS(GK) = 10.83 LS = 1.63 17.60 ✘ PS(GK) Warning:
PS(QK) = 10.83 LS = 1.63 17.60 ✘ PS(QK)
PL(GK) = 14.33 LL = 3.25 46.58 ✘ PL(GK)
PL(QK) = 3.43 LL = 3.25 11.16 ✘ PL(QK)
PW = 11.25 LW = 0.50 5.63 ✘ PW
å P= 80.27
Pp = -9.49 (LP-HN) = 0.15 -1.38
å Mo = 129.25

Restoring Vertical FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm)

Moments Wall = 17.64 1.35 23.81
Base = 16.80 2.00 33.60 Warning:
Nib = 0.00 0.00 0.00
Earth = 102.50 2.75 281.88 ✘ ALLOW BUOYANCY OF BASE
Water = 30.00 2.75 82.50
Surcharge = 50.00 2.75 137.50
Line load = 53.30 1.50 79.95
å V= 270.24 å Mr = 639.24

Factor of Safety, Mr / Mo = 4.95 > 1.50 OK

SLIDING (using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) F.O.S = 1.50

Sum of LATERAL FORCES, P = 80.27 kN

PASSIVE FORCE, Pp x Reduction factor (1) = -9.49 kN ed'n factor for passive force = 1.00
BASE FRICTION ( å V TANØb + B Cb ) = -138.36 kN
Sum of FORCES RESISTING SLIDING, Pr = -147.85 kN

Factor of Safety, Pr / P = 1.84 > 1.50 OK

GROUND BEARING Taking moments about centre of base (anticlockwise "+") :

Vertical FORCES (kN)Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) BEARING PRESSURE (KN/m²)
Wall = 21.24 0.65 13.81
56
00
64
28
92

20
84
0.
0.
1.
1.
2.
3.
3.

Base = 28.80 0.00 0.00 0

Nib = 0.00 2.00 0.00
Earth = 102.50 -0.75 -76.88
Water = 30.00 -0.75 -22.50
Surcharge= 50.00 -0.75 -37.50 50
Line load = 53.30 0.50 26.65
å V= 285.84 å Mv = -96.42

Moment due to LATERAL FORCES, Mo = 129.25 kNm

100

Resultant Moment, M = Mv + Mo = 32.83 kNm

Eccentricity from base centre, M / V = 0.12 m

Therefore, MAXIMUM Gross Bearing Pressure (GRP) = 80 kN/m² < 200 OK
 REINFORCED CONCRETE
Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc COUNCIL
Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page

Location Grid line 1 rc 01-Jun-2021 104

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BSChecked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 © 1999-2002 BCA for RCC chg - R68

OUTER BASE ( per metre length ) BS8110

gf=1.44 (default = ult mt / non-factored 1.44 reference
V ult = 111.44 kN
M ult = 89.45 kNm ( '+' TENSION AT BOTTOM FACE)

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 390 mm2 Table 3.25

f= 16 mm
centres = 150 mm < 558 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 1340 mm2 > 390 OK

MOMENT of RESISTANCE : d= 242 mm

z = 223.22 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 131.08 kNm > 89.45 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.55%

vc = 0.66 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 159.32 kN > 111.44 OK 3.5.5.2

(Temperature
CHECK CRACK WIDTH TO BS8110/BS8007 : and shrinkage effects not included)
X= 80.69 mm e m = 0.000905 BS8007
Acr = 86.81 mm W= 0.18 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

INNER BASE ( per metre length )

V ult = 111.03 kN
M ult = 71.41 kNm (TENSION - TOP FACE)

TOP REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 390 mm2 Table 3.25

f= 16 mm
centres = 150 mm < 524 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 1340 mm2 > 390 OK

MOMENT RESISTANCE : d= 242 mm

z = 223.22 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 131.08 kNm > 71.41 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.55%

vc = 0.66 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 159.32 kN > 111.03 OK 3.5.5.2

(Temperature
CHECK CRACK WIDTH to BS8100/ BS8007 : and shrinkage effects not included)
X= 80.69 mm em = 0.000611 BS8007
Acr = 86.81 mm W= 0.12 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

REINFORCEMENT SUMMARY for BASE

Type f Centers As Min. As

mm mm mm2 mm2
TOP (DESIGN) T 16 150 1340 390 OK
BOTTOM (DESIGN) T 16 150 1340 390 OK
TRANSVERSE T 12 200 565 390 OK
 REINFORCED CONCRETE
Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc COUNCIL
Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page

Location Grid line 1 rc 01-Jun-2021 105

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BSChecked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 © 1999-2002 BCA for RCC chg - R68

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF REINFORCEMENT

No. Type Dia Length Unit Wt Weight

WALL VERTICAL - External face 7 T 12 3046 0.888 18.93

VERTICAL - Internal face 7 T 20 3110 2.466 53.69
TRANSVERSE (Ext.& Int.) 40 T 12 1000 0.888 35.51

BASE TOP (MAIN) 7 T 16 4128 1.578 45.61

BOTTOM (MAIN) 7 T 16 4128 1.578 45.61
TRANSVERSE ( T & B ) 42 T 12 1000 0.888 37.29
WALL STARTERS (Ext.) 7 T 12 1155 0.888 7.18
WALL STARTERS (Int.) 7 T 20 1475 2.466 25.46

NIB (assume same reinforcement as wall)

INTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 7 T 12 96 0.888 0.60
EXTERNAL FACE (MAIN 7 T 20 160 2.466 2.76
TRANSVERSE (EXT.+ INT 2 T 12 1000 0.888 1.78

SUMMARY Approx total reinforcement per metre length of wall (kg) 274.4
 Diagrams

Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc

Location Grid line 1 DATA FOR DIAGRAMS I
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 sheet
etc 1 of 2 Made by rc Job No R68
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 © 1999-2002 BCA for RCC Date 1-Jun-21

DESIGN STATUS: VALID

IF(ABS(ECCY)>B/1000/2,"BEARING FAIL",IF(ABS(ECCY)>(B/1000)/6,(2*VL)/(3*((B/1000)/2-ABS(ECCY))),(VL/(B/1000)*(1+(6*ABS(ECCY))/(B/1000)))))

IF(ECCY>(B/1000)/6,IF(XX>(B/1000/2-ECCY)*3,0,(((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3-XX)/((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3))*BP),((VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000))))+(B/1000-XX)/(B/1000)*(BP-
(VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000)))))
4

1 73.72
0 79.87 3
BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
0.4 77.41 3
0.8 74.95 3
1.2 72.48 3
1.6 70.02 3 0 2 4 6
2 67.56 3 0.00

2.4 65.10 3
KN/M^2

2.8 62.64 3 50.00

3.2 60.17 3
3.6 57.71 3 100.00
4 55.25 3 M

4 0.00 0
IF(ECCY<0,B/1000-B/1000/50*B24,B/1000/50*B24)
73.72
0 0.00 79.870 0 79.870 0.080 6.390 8.370 0.080 6.390 0.08 6.390
1 0.08 79.378 BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM 1 79.378 0.080 6.350 7.811 0.080 6.350 0.08 6.350
2 0.16 78.885 2 78.885 0.080 6.311 7.257 0.080 6.311 0.08 6.311
3 0.24 78.393 3 78.393 0.080 6.271 6.710 0.080 6.271 0.08 6.271
4 0.32 77.901 00 56 1 2 68 2 4 80 36 9 2
4 77.901 0.080 6.232 6.170 0.080 6.232 0.08 6.232
0. 0. 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3.
5 0.40 77.408 5 77.408 0.080 6.193 5.635 0.080 6.193 0.08 6.193
0
6 0.48 76.916 6 76.916 0.080 6.153 5.107 0.080 6.153 0.08 6.153
7 0.56 76.423 7 76.423 0.080 6.114 4.585 0.080 6.114 0.08 6.114
KN/M^2

8 0.64 75.931 8 75.931 0.080 6.074 4.070 0.080 6.074 0.08 6.074
50
9 0.72 75.439 9 75.439 0.080 6.035 3.561 0.080 6.035 0.08 6.035
10 0.80 74.946 10 74.946 0.080 5.996 3.058 0.080 5.996 0.08 5.996
11 0.88 74.454 11 74.454 0.080 5.956 2.561 0.080 5.956 0.08 5.956
12 0.96 73.961 100 12 73.961 0.080 5.917 2.071 0.080 5.917 0.08 5.917
M
13 1.04 73.469 13 73.469 0.080 5.878 1.587 0.080 5.878 0.08 5.878
14 1.12 72.976 14 72.976 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.08 5.838
15 1.20 72.484 15 72.484 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.08 5.799
16 1.28 71.992 73.72 16 71.992 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.08 5.759
17 1.36 71.499 BP 0 79.87 17 71.499 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.08 5.720
18 1.44 71.007 BPE 1.2 72.484 18 71.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
19 1.52 70.514 BPI 1.5 70.638 19 70.514 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
20 1.60 70.022 BPZ 4 55.25 20 70.022 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
21 1.68 69.530 21 69.530 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
22 1.76 69.037 22 69.037 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
23 1.84 68.545 23 68.545 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
24 1.92 68.052 24 68.052 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
25 2.00 67.560 25 67.560 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
26 2.08 67.068 26 67.068 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
27 2.16 66.575 27 66.575 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
28 2.24 66.083 28 66.083 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
29 2.32 65.590 29 65.590 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
30 2.40 65.098 30 65.098 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
31 2.48 64.606 31 64.606 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
32 2.56 64.113 32 64.113 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
33 2.64 63.621 33 63.621 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
34 2.72 63.128 34 63.128 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
35 2.80 62.636 35 62.636 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
36 2.88 62.144 36 62.144 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
37 2.96 61.651 37 61.651 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
38 3.04 61.159 38 61.159 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
39 3.12 60.666 39 60.666 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
40 3.20 60.174 40 60.174 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
41 3.28 59.681 41 59.681 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
42 3.36 59.189 42 59.189 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
43 3.44 58.697 43 58.697 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
44 3.52 58.204 44 58.204 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
45 3.60 57.712 45 57.712 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
46 3.68 57.219 46 57.219 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
47 3.76 56.727 47 56.727 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
48 3.84 56.235 48 56.235 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
49 3.92 55.742 49 55.742 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
50 4.00 55.25 50 55.250 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
85.870 68.554 85.870 ###

Page 5
 Diagrams

Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc

Location Grid line 1 DATA FOR DIAGRAMS II
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 sheet
etc 1 of 2 Made by rc Job No R68
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 © 1999-2002 BCA for RCC Date 1-Jun-21

YY= 2.95 MTE= 24.98

MTLG= 42.28
MTLQ= 10.13
MTSG= 14.504
MTSQ= 14.50
MTW= 2.88

UTM= 157.92
157.92
0 0.00 0 0.00
1 0.06 1.5336 0.06 MOMENT DIAGRAM
0 0 0 0 0
0 20 40 60 80 10 12 14 16 18
2 0.12 3.1182 0.12 0.00
3 0.18 4.7539 0.18 0.12
4 0.24 6.4406 0.24 0.24

5 0.30 8.1784 0.30 0.35

0.47
6 0.35 9.9672 0.35
0.59
7 0.41 11.807 0.41 0.71
8 0.47 13.698 0.47 0.83
9 0.53 15.64 0.53 0.94
10 0.59 17.633 0.59 1.06

11 0.65 19.677 0.65 1.18

WALL (M)

1.30
12 0.71 21.772 0.71
1.42
13 0.77 23.919 0.77 1.53
14 0.83 26.116 0.83 1.65
15 0.89 28.364 0.89 1.77
16 0.94 30.664 0.94 1.89
2.01
17 1.00 33.014 1.00
2.12
18 1.06 35.415 1.06
2.24
19 1.12 37.868 1.12 2.36
20 1.18 40.372 1.18 2.48
21 1.24 42.926 1.24 2.60

22 1.30 45.532 1.30 2.71

2.83
23 1.36 48.189 1.36 ULT. MT (KNM)
2.95
24 1.42 50.897 1.42
25 1.48 53.655 1.48
26 1.53 56.59 1.53
27 1.59 59.693 1.59
28 1.65 62.884 1.65
29 1.71 66.162 1.71
30 1.77 69.531 1.77
31 1.83 72.981 1.83
32 1.89 76.513 1.89
33 1.95 80.13 1.95
34 2.01 83.836 2.01
35 2.07 87.634 2.07
36 2.12 91.527 2.12
37 2.18 95.519 2.18
38 2.24 99.613 2.24
39 2.30 103.81 2.30
40 2.36 108.12 2.36
41 2.42 112.54 2.42
42 2.48 117.08 2.48
43 2.54 121.73 2.54
44 2.60 126.51 2.60
45 2.66 131.41 2.66
46 2.71 136.44 2.71
47 2.77 141.61 2.77
48 2.83 146.91 2.83
49 2.89 152.34 2.89
50 2.95 157.92 2.95

0 0
0 300 WALL GEOMETRY
1200 300
4000
1200 3250
3500
1500 3250
1500 300 3000

4000 300 2500

WALL (mm)

4000 0 2000
0 0
1500
0 0
1000
0 0
0 0 500

0 0 0
0

1000

2000

3000

4000

3250 4000
BASE ( mm)

Page 6
 Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
Location Grid line 1 CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS
Made
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. by rc Job No R68
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 © 1999-2002 BCA for RCC Date 1-Jun-21

WALL
MR= 15.06 MIN SPACING= 231 ASreq = 1743.1 fs = 255.23 sprov%= 0.8727
As/bd= 0.009 MSBB= 558 ASBBre 0.01 fs = 0.0023 sprov%= 0.5539
X= 95.47 MSBT= 524 ASBTre 730.24 fs = 167.07 sprov%= 0.5539
Ic= 948749705
STS= 0.0013
ST1= 0.0018
ST2= 0.0003455
Acr= 86.046864
W= 0.28
e m= 0.0015

MR= 15.06 MR= 15.06

AsBB/bd= 0.0055 AsBB/bd= 0.0055
X= 80.69 X= 80.69
Ic= 700256021 Ic= 700256021
STS= 0.0011 STS= 0.0009
ST1= 0.0015 ST1= 0.0012
ST2= 0.0005561 ST2= 0.0005561
Acr= 86.810337 Acr= 86.810337
W= 0.18 W= 0.1191
em= 0.0009 em= 0.0006

Page 7
 Notes

Disclaimer
All advice or information from the British Cement Association and/or Reinforced Concrete
Council is intended for those who will evaluate the significance and limitations of its contents
and take responsibility for its use and application. No liability (including that for negligence)
for any loss resulting from such advice or information is accepted by the BCA, RCC or their
subcontractors, suppliers or advisors. Users should note that all BCA software and
publications are subject to revision from time to time and should therefore ensure that they
are in possession of the latest version.

This spreadsheet should be used in compliance with the accompanying publication

Status of spreadsheet This spreadsheet is shareware. It may be distributed freely,

Public release version. but may not be used for commercial purposes until the user
has registered with the RCC.
Revision history RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls

Date Version Action Size (kB)

22-Jan-03 RCC62 v2.1 DETR logo replaced by DTI. 563
11-Oct-02 RCC62 v2.0 Version 2 enhancements 583
29-May-02RCC62 v1.4 Data! Main graphic changed to jpeg 365
16-Jun-01 RCC62 v1.3 Crack width calculation to outer base amended 365
Buoyance option + notes added. Passive pressure reduction
15-Apr-01 RCC62 v1.2 398
factor rectified
Crack width w for top of inner base amended. Notes re
24-Mar-00 RCC62 v1.1 398
crack widths and cracking added in DATA!
First public release.
6-Aug-99 RCC62 v1.0 398
Includes b version comments

Page 8
 Notes

Size (kB)

Page 9