Notes: 6.

3 Rectangle, Rhombus, and Square

The rectangle, rhombus, and square are special types of parallelograms. Each shape already
has the same 5 properties of a parallelogram; and each shape also has properties of its own.

Remember that a parallelogram, as well as, the rectangle, rhombus, and square all have the
following 5 properties:
1. opposite sides parallel
2. opposite sides congruent
3. opposite angles congruent
4. diagonals bisect each other
5. consecutive angles are supplementary (add to 180 °)

Rectangle

1. If a parallelogram is a rectangle,
then it has four right angles.

∠ A , ∠ B , ∠C ,∧∠ D are right angles

2. If a parallelogram is a rectangle,
then the diagonals are congruent.
´ ≅ BD
AC ´

Because a rectangle is also a parallelogram,

the diagonals bisect each forming 4 congruent segments.
´ ≅ BE
AE ´ ≅ CE
´ ≅ DE
´
Example 1:
The diagonals of rectangle QRST intersect at P.
m∠ PTS=34 ° , QT=10 and QS=26.

A) RS=¿10 B) RT =¿26
opposite sides ≅ diagonals ≅

C) TP=¿ D) QP=¿13
13
diagonals bisect each other This corner is 90 °.

E) TS=¿24 F) m∠ QTS =¿ 90 °

Use Pythagorean Theorem to 4 right angles

find the length of TS.
262 =x2 +102 R
676=x 2+100 Isosceles triangle so
576=x2 2 congruent angles.
24=x

G) m∠QTR=¿ 56 ° H) m∠ TQS =¿ 56 °

90−34=56 The angles in a triangle

I) m∠ RPS=¿ J) m∠ TPS=¿ add to 180 °
56 ° 112 °

68 ° 68 °
K) m∠ RSP=¿ 56 ° L) m∠QRT =¿ 34 ° 112 °

34 ° 34 ° Vertical angles ≅
56 ° 56 ° Linear pair adds
to 180 °
68 ° 68 °
112 °
56 ° 56 °
34 °
 Notice the symmetry in the congruent
angles. The angles in a rectangle will
always match up like the ones shown.

Rhombus

1. If a parallelogram is a rhombus,
then it has four congruent sides.

AB=BC=CD= AD

2. If a parallelogram is a rhombus,
then the diagonals are perpendicular.
´ ⊥ BD
AC ´
Right angle
equals 90 °.

3. If a parallelogram is a rhombus,
then the diagonals bisect the opposite angles. 5
6
∠ 1 ≅ ∠2 ≅ ∠3 ≅ ∠ 4
1
∠ 5 ≅ ∠6 ≅ ∠ 7 ≅∠ 8 2
3
4

7 8

Square

1. If a parallelogram is a square,
 then it has four right angles and four congruent sides.

∠ A , ∠ B , ∠C ,∧∠ D are right angles

´ ≅ BC
AB ´ ≅ CD
´ ≅ DA
´

Example 2:

The diagonals of rhombus ABCD intersect at E .

m∠ BAC =53° , DA=10 and DE=8 .

A) DB=¿16 B) AB=¿10
diagonals bisect each other all sides ≅

C) AE=¿6 D) m∠ BEC =¿90 °

use Pythagorean Theorem diagonals are ⊥ Pythagorean Theorem

E) m∠ DAB=¿ 106 ° F) m∠ DCB=¿ 106 ° 102= AE 2 +82

100= x2 +64
diagonals bisect the angles opposite angles ≅ 36=x 2
6=x
G) m∠ BCE=¿53 ° H) m∠ ABC =¿ 74 °

I) m∠ ADE=¿ 37 ° J) m∠ DEC =¿ 90 ° 37 °
53 ° 37 °
90 °
90 °
Notice the symmetry in the congruent 37 ° 53 °
angles. The angles in a rhombus will 37 ° 53 °
always match up like the ones shown.

Example 3: The diagonals of square LMNP intersect at K and LK=3 .

A) KN =¿3 B) PM =¿6

4.2 90 °
C) MN =¿ D) m∠ LKP=¿
use Pythagorean Theorem diagonals are ⊥

E) m∠ LMK =¿ 45 ° F) m∠ LPN =¿90 °

diagonals bisect the angles
Pythagorean Theorem
G) m∠ MLN =¿ 45 ° H) m∠ NKM =¿ 90 °
MN 2=32 +32
x 2=9+ 9
x 2=18
x=4.2