Translation

and Culture
(ecology, material culture, social culture)
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 WHAT IS CULTURAL TERM?
Newmark (1988:94) defines culture as the way of life and its
manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses particular
language as its means of expression.

Culture may be defined as the whole way of life, which consists of the
mores of a given society; their religion, values, traditions, habits,
educational systems, family and social structures, political and
governmental hierarchies, and use of advanced technology (Geertz, 1975,
Lado, 1968).
 THE RELATIONSHIP
Between
Translation A translator is a cultural
mediator, who may move from
the source culture to the

& target culture, choosing as

much as he/she thinks
appropriate to serve the aim of
Culture the translation.
The process of translation does not
only refer to the process of translating
language but it also involves the
process of transferring culture.
 ECOLOGY
The ecology categorization involves
cultural items which naturally come
Culture
terms
from certain places and have certain
characteristics which sometimes
cannot be found in other places and
the categorization also involves the
cultural items which actually may
exist in the target language but the
target language does not have the
categories
specific term to mention the same
object.
MATERIAL CULTURE
Material cultures relate to the
Culture
certain materials own by certain
cultures.
Every culture has its own
characteristics and it is expressed
terms
in its materials. The materials
involved in this category are food,
clothes, houses and towns,
categories
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transport,
etc (Newmark: 1988).
 SOCIAL CULTURE
Culture Social culture may become a
problem for translation when

terms the social culture in the

source language cannot be
found in the target language.

categories
This happens because every
place has its own culture.
Social
THANKS