surface using the sine correction, then correct GZ for the transverse location of G using the

cosine correction. This correction is given by the following equation:

G1 Z 1 = GZ − FSC sin φ − TCG cos φ

A free surface will also exaggerate a list angle. Recall from Chapter 3 that the angle of list for a
transverse change in the center of gravity can be found by:

 TCG 
φ = tan −1  
 GM T 

When a free surface is present, the angle of list is now found using:

 TCG 
φ = tan −1  

 GM eff 

Example 4.5 The FFG-7 in Example 4.4 has a righting arm of 1.33 feet at a heeling angle of
20° and KG = 18.9 ft. What is the effective righting arm of the ship with the free
surface present?
From Example 4.4: KM = 22.49 ft, GM eff = 2.84 ft, FSC = 0.75 ft

Solution:
GZ eff = GZ − FSC sin φ
GZ eff = 1.33 ft − (0.75 ft )(sin 20)
GZ eff = 1.07 ft

If the ship’s transverse center of gravity is located 0.5 ft starboard of the centerline, calculate the
ship’s righting arm and angle of list.

GZ eff = GZ − FSC sin φ − TCG cos φ

GZ eff = 1.33 ft − (0.75 ft )(sin 20) − (0.5 ft )(cos 20)
GZ eff = 0.60 ft
Notice the effect of the transverse location of G on the ship’s righting arm!

 TCG 
φ = tan −1  

 GM eff 

 0.5 ft 
φ = tan −1  
 2.84 ft 
φ = 9.98°

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