DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Buku & E-book

Atoh, M. (2008). Japan's Population Growth During The Past
100 Years. Dalam F. Coulmas, H. Conrad, A. Schad-
Seifert, & G. Vogt, The Demographic Challenge: A
Handbook about Japan (hal. 5-24). Leiden & Boston:
BRILL Publishers.
Cherry, K. (2002). Womansword: What Japanese Words Say
About Women. Tokyo: Kodansha International.
Dey, I. (1993). Qualitative Data Analysis: A User-Friendly
Guide for Social Scientists. London: Routledge.
Holsti, K. J. (1988). Politik Internasional: Kerangka Untuk
Analisis, Jilid II. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Holsti, K. J. (1992). International Politics, A Framework for
Analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Holsti, K. J. (1998). Politik Internasional: Studi Analisis.
Jakarta: Erlangga.
Ishikida, M. Y. (2005). Toward Peace: War Responsibility,
Postwar Compensation, and Peace Movements and
Education in Japan. iUniverse, Inc. Diambil kembali
dari iUniverse, Inc.
Kumar, R. (2011). Research Methodology: A Step by Step
Guide for Beginners 3rd Edition. London: SAGE
Publications Ltd.
Landes, D. S. (1998). The Meiji Restoration. Dalam D. S.
Landes, The Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why

80
81

Some Are So Rich and Some So Poor (hal. 371-391).

New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Mas'oed, M. (1990). Ilmu Hubungan Internasional: Disiplin
dan Metodologi. Yogyakarta: LP3ES.
Zhao, Z. (2011). China’s Demographic Challenges from a
Global Perspective. Dalam J. Golley, & L. Song,
Rising China: Global Challenges and Opportunities
(hal. 285-300). Canberra: ANU E Press.

Jurnal & Report

Banister, J., Bloom, D. E., & Rosenberg, L. (2010). Population
Aging and Economic Growth in China. Program on
the Global Demography of Aging Working Paper N0.
53, 1-38.
Cheng, M. H. (2009). The Philipinnes' health worker exodus.
The Lancet Journal World Report Vol. 373, Number
9658, 111-112.
Gudaganavar, R. S., & Gudaganavar, N. V. (2014).
Demographic Dividend-Its Implications to India.
Papirex - Indian Journal of Research Vol. 3 Issue 1,
46-50.
Haupt, A., & Kane, T. T. (2000). Population Reference
Bureau's Population Handbook 4th International
Edition. Washington, DC: Population Reference
Bureau.
Hewitt, P. S. (2003). The Gray Roots of Japan’s Crisis.
Washington DC: The Woodrow Wilson Center Asia
Program.
 82

Hosono, Y. (2018). Accepting Nurse and Certified Care

Worker Candidates in Japan. Yokohama Journal of
Social Sciences, Vol. 16 No. 3, 29-45.
Immigration Bureau, Ministry of Justice & Human Resources
Development Bureau, Ministry of Health, Labour and
Welfare. (2017). New Technical intern Training
Program. Tokyo: Immigration Bureau, Ministry of
Justice & Human Resources Development Bureau,
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.
Institute for Human Rights and Business. (2017). Learning
Experience? Japan’s Technical Intern Training
Programme and the Challenge of Protecting the
Rights of Migrant Workers. Institute for Human
Rights and Business.
Kawaguchi, D., & Mori, H. (2017). The labor market in Japan,
2000-2016. IZA World of Labor, 1-11.
Medalla, E. M., Vidar-Vale, C., & Balboa, J. D. (2010). Japan-
Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement
(JPEPA): Towards a Framework for Regional
Economic Integration. Philippine Institute for
Development Studies Discussion Paper Series No.
2010-19, 1-25.
Meyn, M. (2008). Economic Partnership Agreements: A
'historic step' towards a 'partnership of equals'?
London: Overseas Development Institute.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2017). Diplomatic Bluebook
2017: Japanese Diplomacy and International
Situation in 2016. Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
83

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2005). Japan-Indonesia

Economic Partnership Agreement Joint Study Group
Report. Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.
National Institute of Population and Social Security Research.
(2010). Population statistics of Japan 2010. Tokyo:
National Institute of Population and Social Security
Research.
National Institute of Population and Social Security Research.
(2014). Social Security in Japan (2014 edition).
Tokyo: National Institute of Population and Social
Security Research.
Nawawi. (2009). The Dynamics of Indonesian Migrant
Workers in Japan Under the Industrial Training and
Technical Internship Program. Proceedings of the 16th
Tri-University International Joint Seminar and
Symposium (hal. 1-5). Mie University.
Nichiporuk, B. (2000). Demographics and the Changing
National Security Environment. California: RAND
Corporation.
Ratnayake, P., Silva, S. D., & Kage, R. (2016). Workforce
Development with Japanese Technical Intern Training
Program in Asia: An Overview of Performance. Saga
University Economic Studies Vol. 49 No.3, 1-31.
Sari, I. N., Isjoni, & Kamaruddin. (2017). Pemikiran
Fukuzawa Yukichi Mengenai Modernisasi Jepang.
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Keguruan dan
Ilmu Pendidikan Vol. 4 No. 1, 1-14.
Searchinger, T., Hanson, C., Waite, R., Harper, S., Leeson, G.,
& Lipinski, B. (Juli 2013). Achieving Replacement
 84

Level Fertility. World Resources Report 2013-14:

Creating a Sustainable Food Future, 1-19.
Senate Economic Planning Office of the Philippines. (2007).
Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement
(JPEPA): An Assessment. Manila: Policy Brief Senate
Economic Planning Office of the Philippines.
Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and
Communications Japan. (2017). Statistical Handbook
of Japan 2017. Tokyo: Statistics Bureau, Ministry of
Internal Affairs and Communications Japan.
Stott, D. A. (2008). The Japan-Indonesia Economic
Partnership: Agreement Between Equals? The Asia-
Pacific Journal Volume 6 Issue 7, 1-16.
Takenaka, A. (2012). Demographic Challenges for 21st
Century: Population Ageing and the Immigration
“Problem” in Japan. Anthropology & Aging Quarterly
2012: 33 (2), 38-43.
The Committee for Japan's Future. (2014, Juli 7). Choices for
the Future - Overcoming depopulation and a hyper-
aged society to build a growth and development model
originating from Japan. Discuss Japan—Japan
Foreign Policy Forum No. 22, hal. 1-10.
The Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training. (2016).
Labor Situation in Japan and Its Analysis: General
Overview 2015/2016. Tokyo: The Japan Institute for
Labour Policy and Training.
The World Bank. (2013). Mitigating the Economic Impact of
An Aging Population: Options for Bulgaria. Poverty
Reduction and Economic Management Europe and
Central Asia Region.
85

Tong, Y. (2016). Recruitment of Foreign Residents in Japan.

Bull. Grad. School Edu. Hiroshima Univ., Part II, No.
65, 81-88.
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs,
Population Division. (2017). World Population
Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and
Advance Tables. New York: United Nations.
Usman, M., & Tomimoto, I. (2013). The Aging Population of
Japan: Causes, Expected Challanges and Few Possible
Recommendations. Research Journal of Recent
Sciences Vol. 2 (11), 1-4.
Watanabe, H. (2010). Concerning Revisions in the Foreign
Trainee and Technical Intern System. Japan Labor
Review Vol. 7 No. 3, 43-67.

Website
American Museum of Natural History. (2016, Oktober).
Human Population Through Time. Dipetik Desember
2, 2018, dari American Museum of Natural History
Website:
https://www.amnh.org/explore/videos/science-
bulletins/human-population-through-time
Asia for Educators, Columbia University. (2009). The Meiji
Restoration and Modernization. Diambil kembali dari
Asia for Educators, Columbia University Website:
http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/japan_1750_meij
i.htm
Badan Nasional Penempatan dan Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja
Indonesia. (2018). Penempatan Pekerja Migran
Indonesia Program G to G ke Jepang. Diambil
 86

kembali dari Badan Nasional Penempatan dan

Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia:
http://www.bnp2tki.go.id/uploads/data/data_24-04-
2018_113454_Deputi_Bidang_Penempatan_G_to_G_
Jepang_2018.ppsx
BBC. (2017, Oktober 10). Japan country profile. Dipetik
Desember 20, 2017, dari BBC News:
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-
14918801
Bilaterals.org. (2006, September 13). Philippine FTA to
reshape health care. Dipetik Maret 17, 2019, dari
Bilaterals.org Website:
https://www.bilaterals.org/?philippine-fta-to-reshape-
health
Brasor, P., & Tsubuku, M. (2016, Januari 9). Low wages at the
heart of foreign labor shortage woes. Dipetik
Desember 21, 2017, dari The Japan Times News:
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/01/09/busine
ss/low-wages-heart-foreign-labor-shortage-
woes/#.W_3SToczbIU
Cain, S. (2017, Januari 13). China rewrites history books to
extend Sino-Japanese war by six years. Dipetik
September 4, 2017, dari The Guardian:
https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/jan/13/chin
arewriteshistorybookstoextendsinojapanesewarbysix-
years
Chang, G. G. (2012, November 27). Aging Asia's
Demographic Dilemma. Dipetik Agustus 23, 2018,
dari World Affairs Journal:
http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/blog/gordon-g-
chang/aging-asias-demographic-dilemma
87

Counsultancy United Kingdom. (2015, Juni 24). 97% of

population growth to be in developing world. Dipetik
Desember 3, 2018, dari Counsultancy United
Kingdom: https://www.consultancy.uk/news/2191/97-
percent-of-population-growth-to-be-in-developing-
world
Department of Trade and Industry Philippines. (2019, Maret
16). Philipinnes-Japan Economic Partnership
Agreement (PJEPA). Dipetik Maret 16, 2019, dari
Department of Trade and Industry Philippines
Website: https://www.dti.gov.ph/international-
commitments/bilateral-engagements/pjepa
Desjardins, J. (2018, Februari 1). Here's how Earth's human
population has grown over the last 200,000 years.
Dipetik Desember 2, 2018, dari Business Insider:
https://www.businessinsider.com/animation-shows-
how-humanity-has-grown-over-the-last-200000-years-
2018-2/?IR=T
Emmott, S. (2015, Desember 4). Though climate change is a
crisis, the population threat is even worse. Dipetik
Augustus 4, 2018, dari The Guardian News:
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/de
c/04/climate-change-population-crisis-paris-summit
Fox Business. (2011, Agustus 2). The Countries With the
Fastest Growing Populations. Dipetik Desember 3,
2018, dari Fox Business:
https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/the-countries-
with-the-fastest-growing-populations
Gateway to Japan. (2017, Desember 19). The Japanese
Economy. Dipetik Desember 20, 2017, dari Gateway
to Japan: http://www.gatewaytojapan.org/the-
japanese-economy/
 88

Global Construction Review Staff. (2017, Maret 27). Japan

turns to cnstruction robots as workforce dwindles.
Dipetik Juli 31, 2018, dari Global Construction
Review Website:
http://www.globalconstructionreview.com/trends/japa
n-turns-construct7ion-rob7ots-workf7orce/
Global Construction Review Staff. (2017, November 27).
Japan, Philippines strike historic deal to ease severe
skills shortages. Dipetik Maret 17, 2019, dari Global
Construction Review Web site:
http://www.globalconstructionreview.com/news/japan
-philippines-strike-historic-deal-ease-severe/
Green, D. (2017, Maret 28). As Its Population Ages, Japan
Quietly Turns to Immigration. Dipetik September 24,
2018, dari Migration Policy Institute:
https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/its-
population-ages-japan-quietly-turns-immigration
Hall, M. (2013, Agustus 6). By the Numbers: World War II's
atomic bombs. Dipetik Maret 26, 2018, dari CNN
News:
https://edition.cnn.com/2013/08/06/world/asia/btn-
atomic-bombs/index.html
Hayakawa, T., & Barnes, J. (2017, Oktober 16). Japan’s
Technical Intern Training Programme - Learning the
Hard Way? Dipetik Desember 12, 2018, dari Institute
for Human Rights and Business:
https://www.ihrb.org/focus-areas/migrant-
workers/japan-migrant-workers-titp
History Editors. (2009, Oktober 29). Industrial Revolution.
Dipetik Desember 3, 2018, dari History:
89

https://www.history.com/topics/industrial-
revolution/industrial-revolution
Hooper, R. (2012, Juli 8). How astrology and superstition
drove an increase in abortions in Japan. Dipetik
Desember 6, 2018, dari The Japan Times News:
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012/07/08/nation
al/science-health/how-astrology-and-superstition-
drove-an-increase-in-abortions-in-
japan/#.XAgTQ4szbIU
Horne, M. (2018, July 6). The Pictures that Defined World
War II. Dipetik November 13, 2018, dari History
News: https://www.history.com/news/world-war-ii-
iconic-photos
Ingram, D. (2019). What Is an Economic Partnership
Agreement? Dipetik Maret 2, 2019, dari The Houston
Chronicle: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/economic-
partnership-agreement-3888.html
Iwamoto, K. (2016, Agustus 18). Abuses rampant in foreign
trainee program, Japan labor ministry finds. Dipetik
Februari 22, 2018, dari Nikkei Asian Review:
https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics-
Economy/Economy/Abuses-rampant-in-foreign-
trainee-program-Japan-labor-ministry-finds
JITCO. (2010, Oktober). Technical Intern Training Guidebook
for Technical Intern Trainees. Dipetik Desember 19,
2018, dari Japan International Training Cooperation
Organization Website:
https://www.jitco.or.jp/download/data/guidebook_engl
ish.pdf
JITCO. (2018). About the Japan International Training
Cooperation Organization (JITCO). Dipetik
 90

Desember 10, 2018, dari Japan International Training

Cooperation Organization Website:
https://www.jitco.or.jp/en/jitco/index.html
JITCO. (2018). JITCO Integrated Brochure. Dipetik Januari
22, 2019, dari Japan International Training
Cooperation Organization Web site:
https://www.jitco.or.jp/download/data/JITCOpamphlet
_en.pdf
JITCO. (2018). What is the Technical Intern Training
Program? Dipetik November 10, 2018, dari Japan
International Training Cooperation Organization Web
site: https://www.jitco.or.jp/en/regulation/index.html
JITCO. (2019). Indonesia: List of Sending Organizations.
Dipetik Maret 18, 2019, dari Japan International
Training Cooperation Organization:
https://www.jitco.or.jp/en/regulation/send/indonesia/se
nding_organizations.html
JITCO. (2019). Indonesia: Sending Country Conditions.
Dipetik Maret 18, 2019, dari Japan International
Training Cooperation Organization:
https://www.jitco.or.jp/en/regulation/send/indonesia/in
dex.html
JITCO. (2019). Philippines: List of Sending Organizations.
Dipetik Maret 18, 2019, dari Japan International
Training Cooperation Organization:
https://www.jitco.or.jp/en/regulation/send/philippines/
sending_organizations.html
JITCO. (2019). Philippines: Sending Country Conditions.
Dipetik Maret 18, 2019, dari Japan International
Training Cooperation Organization:
91

https://www.jitco.or.jp/en/regulation/send/philippines/
index.html
Kajimoto, T. (2017, April 21). Japan Inc braces for labor
reform, plans to boost productivity-Reuters poll.
Dipetik Desember 17, 2017, dari Reuters:
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-companies-
labour-reuterspoll/japan-inc-braces-for-labor-reform-
plans-to-boost-productivity-reuters-poll-
idUSKBN17M30G
Maclean, R. (2015, September). Economic Partnership
Agreements. Dipetik Maret 3, 2019, dari Civitas:
Institute for the Study of Civil Society:
http://www.civitas.org.uk/content/files/EX.9.EPAs_.p
df
Masutomo, T. (2018, Juni 30). Japan's Open to Foreign
Workers. Just Don't Call Them Immigrants. Dipetik
Juli 30, 2018, dari South China Morning Post:
https://www.scmp.com/week-
asia/business/article/2152880/japans-open-foreign-
workers-just-dont-call-them-immigrants
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2002, Desember 4).
Joint Statement on the Japan-Philippines Economic
Partnership. Dipetik Maret 8, 2018, dari Ministry of
Foreign Affairs of Japan Website:
http://www.mofa.jp/region/asia-
paci/philippine/pv0212/economy.html
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2006). Agreement
Between Japan and the Republic of the Philippines for
an Economic Partnership. Dipetik Maret 16, 2019,
dari Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan Web site:
https://www.mofa/go.jp/region/asia-
paci/philippine/epa0609/annex8.pdf
 92

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2006, September 9).

Joint Statement on the Occasion of the Signing of the
Agreement between Japan and the Republic of the
Philippines for Economic Partnership. Dipetik Maret
8, 2019, dari Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
Website: http://www.mofa.jp/region/asia-
paci/philippine/joint0609.html
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2007). Agreement
Between Japan and The Republic of Indonesia for an
Economic Partnership. Diambil kembali dari Ministry
of Foreign Affairs of Japan Web site:
https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-
paci/indonesia/epa0708/index.html
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2008, Juli 1). Japan-
Indonesia Economic Partnership Agreement. Diambil
kembali dari Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
Website:
http://www.mofa.jp/policy/economy/fta/indonesia.htm
l
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2019, Maret 1). Free
Trade Agreement (FTA) dan Economic Partnership
Agreement (EPA). Dipetik Maret 4, 2019, dari
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan Website:
http://www.mofa.jp/policy/economy/fta/index.html
Mohdin, A. (2018, Januari 24). The fastest shrinking countries
on earth are in Eastern. Dipetik Desember 3, 2018,
dari Quartz: https://qz.com/1187819/country-ranking-
worlds-fastest-shrinking-countries-are-in-eastern-
europe/
Nikkei Asian Review. (2017, September 30). Japan's
manufacturing employment hits 7-year high. Dipetik
93

Desember 9, 2018, dari Nikkei Asian Review:

http://asia.nikkei.com./Economy/Japan-s-
manufacturing-employment-hits-7-year-high2
Nippon Communications Foundation. (2014, Desember 25).
Can Japan Boost Its Low Birthrate? Dipetik Juli 11,
2018, dari Nippon Communications Foundation:
https://www.nippon.com/en/features/h00089/
Nippon Communications Foundation. (2014, Agustus 26).
Fighting Population Decline, Japan Aims to Stay at
100 Million. Dipetik Agustus 13, 2018, dari Nippon
Communications Foundation:
https://www.nippon.com/en/features/h00057/
Nippon Communications Foundation. (2014, Oktober 19).
Graying Japan to Face Unprecedented Challenges.
Dipetik Juli 11, 2018, dari Nippon Communications
Foundation:
https://www.nippon.com/en/features/h00079/
Nippon Communications Foundation. (2017, April 10).
Japan’s Annual Births Drop Below 1 Million. Dipetik
Juli 11, 2018, dari Nippon Communications
Foundation:
https://www.nippon.com/en/features/h00160/
Organization for Technical Intern Training. (2019). List of
foreign government authorized sending agencies.
Dipetik Maret 18, 2019, dari Organization for
Technical Intern Training Web site:
https://www.otit.go.jp/soushutu_kikan_list/
Robinson, B. (2011, Maret 30). World War Two: Summary
Outline of Key Events. Dipetik November 13, 2018,
dari BBC News:
 94

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/ww2
_summary_01.shtml
Roser, M., & Ortiz-Ospina, E. (2017, April). World
Population Growth. Dipetik November 30, 2018, dari
Our World in Data: https://ourworldindata.org/wolrd-
population-growth
Shoji, K. (2017, Desember 2). Women in Japan too tired to
care about dating or searching for a partner. Dipetik
Maret 7, 2018, dari The Japan Times News:
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2017/12/02/nation
al/media-national/women-tired-care-dating-searching-
partner/
Sieg, L., & Miyazaki, A. (2016, April 26). Japan is looking for
ways to bring in more foreign workers without calling
it an 'immigration policy'. Dipetik Desember 5, 2017,
dari Business Insider:
http://www.businessinsider.com/japan-wants-more-
foreign-workers-2016-4/?IR=T
Siripala, T. (2018, Juni 9). Japan Open Doors for More
Foreign Workers. Dipetik Juli 31, 2018, dari The
Diplomat: https://thediplomat.com/2018/06/japan-
open-doors-for-more-foreign-workers/
Takeuchi, K. (2018, April 14). Japan to revamp checks on
foreign workers. Dipetik Agustus 31, 2018, dari
Nikkei Asian Review:
https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Japan-to-revamp-
checks-on-foreign-workers2
Taylor, A. (2011, October 30). World War II: After the War.
Dipetik November 13, 2018, dari The Atlantic:
https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/10/world-
war-ii-after-the-war/100180/
95

The Asahi Shimbun. (2018, Juni 16). Japan OKs economic

plan that allows more foreign workers. Dipetik Juli 31,
2018, dari The Asahi Shimbun:
http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201806160018.h
tml
The Committee for Japan's Future. (2014, Juli 7). Choices for
the Future - Overcoming depopulation and a hyper-
aged society to build a growth and development model
originating from Japan. Discuss Japan—Japan
Foreign Policy Forum No. 22, hal. 1-10. Dipetik
Februari 18, 2019, dari
https://www.japanpolicyforum.jp/archives/economy/pt
20140707012616
The Economist. (2014, Mei 25). The incredible shrinking
country. Dipetik Sep 12, 2018, dari The Economist:
https://www.economist.com/banyan/2014/03/25/the-
incredible-shrinking-country
The Japan Times. (2018, Agustus 20). Japan preparing to
accept more caregivers from Indonesia, Philippines
and Vietnam. Dipetik Maret 18, 2019, dari The Japan
Times:
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/08/20/nation
al/japan-eyes-accepting-caregivers-good-language-
skills-indonesia-philippines-
vietnam/#.XJ%E2%80%A6%201/1
The World Bank Data. (2018, September). Japan Labor force,
total. Dipetik Desember 1, 2018, dari The World Bank
Data:
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.TOTL.IN
?end=2017&locations=JP&start=1990&view=chart
 96

Trading Economics. (2017). Japan GDP Growth Rate. Dipetik

Desember 18, 2017, dari Trading Economics:
https://tradingeconomics.com/japan/gdp-growth
Victoria and Albert Museum. (2016). The Edo Period in
Japanese History. Dipetik Desember 9, 2018, dari
Victoria and Albert Museum:
http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-edo-
period-in-japanese-history/
VOA News. (2009, Oktober 31). World Population Growth to
be Concentrated in Developing Nations, as Total
Expected to Reach Nine Billion by 2050. Dipetik
Desember 2, 2018, dari VOA News:
https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2006-03-07-
voa1/399585.html
Wittmeyer, A. P. (2014, September 4). Born Into Bad Luck.
Dipetik Desember 6, 2018, dari Foreign Policy:
https://foreignpolicy.com/2014/09/04/born-into-bad-
luck/
Worldometers. (2018). World Population by Year. Dipetik
Desember 2, 2018, dari Worldometers:
http://www.worldometers.info/world-
population/world-population-by-year/