The 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they are worse off

financially is calculated by using the formula given below

^p∗( 1− ^p ) ^p∗( 1− ^p )
( ^p −Z α ∗
2 √ n √
, ^p + Z α ∗
2
n )
0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 ) 0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 )
(
¿ 0.4498−1.751∗
√ 1005 √
, 0.4498+ 1.751∗
1005 )
= (0.4498 – 0.0275, 0.4498 + 0.0275)

= (0.4223, 0.4773)

Thus, the required 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they
are worse off is (0.4223, 0.4773)

Question 12

In order to determine whether the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in
class differs for students and faculty, independent sample t test was used

Null Hypothesis: H0: µ1 = µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class do not differ
between students and faculty

Alternate Hypothesis: Ha: µ1 ≠ µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class differ between
students and faculty

Level of Significance

Let the level of significance be α = 0.1

Critical Region
The critical value of t corresponding to 269 degrees of freedom is 1.65

The critical region is

CR = {X: |t| > 1.65}

Test Statistic

The t test statistic is

( n1−1 )∗s21 + ( n 2−1 )∗s 22

t=
s∗
x́ 1− x́ 2
1 1
√
+
n1 n2
where s=
√ n1 +n 2−2

( 173−1 )∗12+ ( 98−1 )∗12

s=
√ 173+98−2
=1

x́ 1− x́ 2 2.8−3.63
t= = =−6.537
1 1 1 1
s∗
√ +
n1 n2
1∗
√ +
173 98

Statistical Decision

Since the calculated value of t test statistic falls in the rejection region, we reject the null
hypothesis at 10% level and conclude that the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing
a hat in class differ between students and faculty
The 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they are worse off
financially is calculated by using the formula given below

^p∗( 1− ^p ) ^p∗( 1− ^p )
( ^p −Z α ∗
2 √ n √
, ^p + Z α ∗
2
n )
0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 ) 0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 )
(
¿ 0.4498−1.751∗
√ 1005 √
, 0.4498+ 1.751∗
1005 )
= (0.4498 – 0.0275, 0.4498 + 0.0275)

= (0.4223, 0.4773)

Thus, the required 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they
are worse off is (0.4223, 0.4773)

Question 12

In order to determine whether the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in
class differs for students and faculty, independent sample t test was used

Null Hypothesis: H0: µ1 = µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class do not differ
between students and faculty

Alternate Hypothesis: Ha: µ1 ≠ µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class differ between
students and faculty

Level of Significance

Let the level of significance be α = 0.1

Critical Region
The critical value of t corresponding to 269 degrees of freedom is 1.65

The critical region is

CR = {X: |t| > 1.65}

Test Statistic

The t test statistic is

( n1−1 )∗s21 + ( n 2−1 )∗s 22

t=
s∗
x́ 1− x́ 2
1 1
√
+
n1 n2
where s=
√ n1 +n 2−2

( 173−1 )∗12+ ( 98−1 )∗12

s=
√ 173+98−2
=1

x́ 1− x́ 2 2.8−3.63
t= = =−6.537
1 1 1 1
s∗
√ +
n1 n2
1∗
√ +
173 98

Statistical Decision

Since the calculated value of t test statistic falls in the rejection region, we reject the null
hypothesis at 10% level and conclude that the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing
a hat in class differ between students and faculty
The 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they are worse off
financially is calculated by using the formula given below

^p∗( 1− ^p ) ^p∗( 1− ^p )
( ^p −Z α ∗
2 √ n √
, ^p + Z α ∗
2
n )
0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 ) 0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 )
(
¿ 0.4498−1.751∗
√ 1005 √
, 0.4498+ 1.751∗
1005 )
= (0.4498 – 0.0275, 0.4498 + 0.0275)

= (0.4223, 0.4773)

Thus, the required 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they
are worse off is (0.4223, 0.4773)

Question 12

In order to determine whether the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in
class differs for students and faculty, independent sample t test was used

Null Hypothesis: H0: µ1 = µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class do not differ
between students and faculty

Alternate Hypothesis: Ha: µ1 ≠ µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class differ between
students and faculty

Level of Significance

Let the level of significance be α = 0.1

Critical Region
The critical value of t corresponding to 269 degrees of freedom is 1.65

The critical region is

CR = {X: |t| > 1.65}

Test Statistic

The t test statistic is

( n1−1 )∗s21 + ( n 2−1 )∗s 22

t=
s∗
x́ 1− x́ 2
1 1
√
+
n1 n2
where s=
√ n1 +n 2−2

( 173−1 )∗12+ ( 98−1 )∗12

s=
√ 173+98−2
=1

x́ 1− x́ 2 2.8−3.63
t= = =−6.537
1 1 1 1
s∗
√ +
n1 n2
1∗
√ +
173 98

Statistical Decision

Since the calculated value of t test statistic falls in the rejection region, we reject the null
hypothesis at 10% level and conclude that the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing
a hat in class differ between students and faculty
The 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they are worse off
financially is calculated by using the formula given below

^p∗( 1− ^p ) ^p∗( 1− ^p )
( ^p −Z α ∗
2 √ n √
, ^p + Z α ∗
2
n )
0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 ) 0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 )
(
¿ 0.4498−1.751∗
√ 1005 √
, 0.4498+ 1.751∗
1005 )
= (0.4498 – 0.0275, 0.4498 + 0.0275)

= (0.4223, 0.4773)

Thus, the required 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they
are worse off is (0.4223, 0.4773)

Question 12

In order to determine whether the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in
class differs for students and faculty, independent sample t test was used

Null Hypothesis: H0: µ1 = µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class do not differ
between students and faculty

Alternate Hypothesis: Ha: µ1 ≠ µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class differ between
students and faculty

Level of Significance

Let the level of significance be α = 0.1

Critical Region
The critical value of t corresponding to 269 degrees of freedom is 1.65

The critical region is

CR = {X: |t| > 1.65}

Test Statistic

The t test statistic is

( n1−1 )∗s21 + ( n 2−1 )∗s 22

t=
s∗
x́ 1− x́ 2
1 1
√
+
n1 n2
where s=
√ n1 +n 2−2

( 173−1 )∗12+ ( 98−1 )∗12

s=
√ 173+98−2
=1

x́ 1− x́ 2 2.8−3.63
t= = =−6.537
1 1 1 1
s∗
√ +
n1 n2
1∗
√ +
173 98

Statistical Decision

Since the calculated value of t test statistic falls in the rejection region, we reject the null
hypothesis at 10% level and conclude that the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing
a hat in class differ between students and faculty
The 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they are worse off
financially is calculated by using the formula given below

^p∗( 1− ^p ) ^p∗( 1− ^p )
( ^p −Z α ∗
2 √ n √
, ^p + Z α ∗
2
n )
0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 ) 0.4498∗( 1−0.4498 )
(
¿ 0.4498−1.751∗
√ 1005 √
, 0.4498+ 1.751∗
1005 )
= (0.4498 – 0.0275, 0.4498 + 0.0275)

= (0.4223, 0.4773)

Thus, the required 92% confidence interval for the true proportion of individuals that feel they
are worse off is (0.4223, 0.4773)

Question 12

In order to determine whether the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in
class differs for students and faculty, independent sample t test was used

Null Hypothesis: H0: µ1 = µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class do not differ
between students and faculty

Alternate Hypothesis: Ha: µ1 ≠ µ2

That is, the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing a hat in class differ between
students and faculty

Level of Significance

Let the level of significance be α = 0.1

Critical Region
The critical value of t corresponding to 269 degrees of freedom is 1.65

The critical region is

CR = {X: |t| > 1.65}

Test Statistic

The t test statistic is

( n1−1 )∗s21 + ( n 2−1 )∗s 22

t=
s∗
x́ 1− x́ 2
1 1
√
+
n1 n2
where s=
√ n1 +n 2−2

( 173−1 )∗12+ ( 98−1 )∗12

s=
√ 173+98−2
=1

x́ 1− x́ 2 2.8−3.63
t= = =−6.537
1 1 1 1
s∗
√ +
n1 n2
1∗
√ +
173 98

Statistical Decision

Since the calculated value of t test statistic falls in the rejection region, we reject the null
hypothesis at 10% level and conclude that the mean “appropriateness” score assigned to wearing
a hat in class differ between students and faculty