DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF VORTEX BLADELESS TURBINE

Mr. Satish Raghuwanshi, Amol Sonanis, Ayush Pandey, Akriti Shrivastava,

Mayank Bhanvariya, Chandrasekhar Singh Mourya
Mr.Satish Raghuwanshi, Asst. Professor, Mechanical Engg. Dept, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg& Science Rajendra
Nagar, Indore
Mayank Bhanvariya, Student, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg.& Science
Akriti Shrivastva, Student, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg.& Science
Chandrashekhar Singh Mourya, IPS Academy,Institute of Engg& Science
Amol sonanis, Student, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg.& Science
Ayush pandey, Student, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg.& Science

--------------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------

Abstract - Bladeless Wind Generation uses a radically
approach to capturing wind energy. The device captures the
energy of vortices, an aerodynamic effect that has plagued
structural engineers and architects for ages as the wind
bypasses a fixed structure, it’s flow changes and generates a
cyclical pattern of vortices. Once these forces are strong
then enough, the fixed structure get oscillating. Instead of
avoiding these aerodynamic instabilities our design
maximizes the resulting oscillation and captures that energy.
Naturally, the design of such device is different from a other
turbine. Instead of the usual tower, nacelle and blades, the
device has a mast, a power generator and a hollow,
lightweight and semi rigid fiberglass cylinder top. This puts
the technology at the very low range of capital intensity it
also makes it highly competitive not only against
generations of alternative or renewable energy, but even
compared to technologies.
1. INTRODUCTION
Today, India is stepping towards a global super
power. This implies that, it is leading the list of
developing countries in terms of economic
development. Requirement is going to increase
manifold in the coming decades. To meet Energy
requirement, coal cannot be source of energy.
Estimated that within few year coals will get
exhausted. The next choice of energy is solar power,
but due to its lower concentration per unit area, it is
costly. India is having fifth largest wind power
capacity in the world. The regions with high wind
speed are limited, the installation of conventional
limited. The Bladeless is such a concept which works
on the phenomenon of vortex shedding to capture the
energy. Structures are designed to minimize vortex
vibrations in order to minimize mechanical failures.
Here, we try to increase the vibrations in order to
convert vortex vibrations into electricity. The paper
studies the scope of the bladeless windmill. This
study focuses on the effect of governing parameters
on the energy efficiency by VIV. The parameters
investigated were the mass ratio, the mechanical
damping coefficient, and the Reynolds number. Some
key characteristics of performance can be outlined,
like the maximum efficiency attainable for fixed
values of m and the range of flow velocities where
efficiency is significant. Finally, it must be noted,
however, that the analysis herein presented should be
seen only as an approximation to the real problem.
For example, it is clear that the real VIV situation is
more complex than that of a forced vibrations one ,
where it is oscillating at a fixed amplitude and
frequency. This point has been largely discussed in
the literature, and the question of whether forced
vibration tests can be used to predict VIV behavior
has been addressed by several important investigators
being still open. Nevertheless, recently, Morse and
Williamson have demonstrated that under carefully
controlled conditions there is very close
correspondence between free and forced vibration
experiments. With this idea in mind, we believe that
results presented in this paper can be representative
and, from an engineering point of view, the
parametric analysis of the present study can help to
efficiently design a device to extract useful energy
from VIV. Wind power has become a legitimate
source of energy over the past few decades as larger,
more efficient designs have produced ever-increasing
amounts of power.The industry saw a record 6,730
billion global investment in 2014, turbine growth
may be reaching its limits. Bladeless will generate

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electricity for 40 percent lesser in cost compared with
conventional turbines. In generation transportation is
increasingly challenging because of the size of the
components blades and tower sections often require
specialized trucks and straight, wide roads. Wind
turbines are also heavy. Generators and gearboxes
support towers 100 meters off the ground can weigh
more than 100 tons. The weight and height of
turbines increase, the materials costs, stronger
support towers, as well as the cost of maintaining
components housed so far from the ground, are
cutting into the efficiency benefits of larger turbines.
The alternative energy have repeatedly tried to solve
these issues to no avail. But this latest entry promises
a radically different type of turbine: a cylinder that
oscillates. The Turbine harness vortices, the spinning
motion of air. When wind passes one of turbines, it
shears off the downwind side of the cylinder in a
spinning vortex. The KE of the oscillating cylinder is
converted to electricity through a generator similar to
those used to harness energy. It consists of a conical
cylinder vertically with an elastic rod. The cylinder
oscillates in the wind, then generates electricity
through a system of coils and magnets.
1.1 The project objectives are:
 Study of composite materials used
through literature.
 Weight reduction of mast.
 Strength improvements using composite
material and sstudy of effect of fiber
orientations on stenghts
1.2 Problem Statements
 Conventional windmill requires high
wind speed. For such air speed the
places are limited. Hence windmills
working on lesser wind speeds are need
of the hour.
 The cost of the difference parts of
conventional windmill is very high. A
typical windmill will cost $2500-$7500
per kilowatt.
 Designing of windmill turbine is
complicated.
 The area required for working windmill
is high. The conventional windmills
blades swept volume is more.
 Area of installation is 60 acres per
megawatt of capacity of wind farms.
 Also they prove fatal to birds.
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 They produce low frequency sound
which is not good for human health.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Review of papers
The previous research work description as
follows.
The device captures the energy of vortices, an
aerodynamic effect that has plagued structural
engineers and architects for ages (vortex
shedding effect). As the wind bypasses a fixed
structure, its flow changes and generates a
cyclical pattern of vortices. once these forces are
strong enough, the fixed structure starts
oscillating. Instead of avoiding these
aerodynamic instabilities our design maximizes
the resulting oscillation and captures that energy.
India is having fifth largest installed wind power
capacity in the world. As the regions with high
wind speed are limited, the installation of
conventional windmill is limited. Windmills that
would provide safe, quite, simple, and affordable
and work on lesser. Wind speeds are need of the
hour. The Bladeless Windmill is such a concept
which works on the phenomenon of vortex
shedding to capture the energy produced.
The Vortex wind turbine has a straw shaped
bladeless design. The turbine is designed to
harness energy by exploiting the aerodynamic
effect vorticity. The vortex uses the vibrations
caused by vorticity in conjunction with a base of
repelling magnets to generate electricity. The
device in theory should have low maintenance
costs because there are very few moving parts.
The turbines can be placed closer together than
conventional turbines are totally silent and cost
less to manufacture. Vortex is also no danger to
birds
2.2 Comments on Review Paper
This all papers are related to optimization and
utilization of components with the help of composite
material. Many of them used Glass fibre and Carbon
fibre as a composite Materials. Some of them also
discuss about the components getting lighter weight
after using composite material as layered on same
and also making it hollow.
 3. PROJECT ANALYSIS Isotropic Secant Coefficient of 22
Thermal Expansion
Relative Permeability 10000
3.1.1 Study Of Composite Material
and its Applications
Table 2: Structural Steel > Strain-Life
1. Composite Materials: Parameters
A composite material is made by combining two or more
Cyclic
materials – often ones that have very different properties.
Ductilit Cyclic Strain
The two materials work together to give the composite Strength Strength Ductility
y Strength Hardenin
unique properties. However, within the composite you Coefficie Expone Coefficie
Expone Coefficie g
can easily tell the different materials apart as they do not nt MPa nt nt
nt nt MPa Exponen
dissolve or blend into each other. t

2. Natural Composites: 920 -0.106 0.213 -0.47 1000 0.2

Natural composites exist in both animals and plants.

Wood is a composite – it is made from long cellulose
fibers (a polymer) held together by a much weaker Table 3: structural Steel > Isotropic Elasticity
substance called lignin. Cellulose is also found in cotton,
but without the lignin to bind it together it is much Young's Bulk Shear
Temperature Poisson's
weaker. The two weak substances – lignin and cellulose – Modulus Modulus Modulus
C Ratio
together form a much stronger one. The bone in your MPa MPa MPa
body is also a composite.
2.e+005 0.3 1.6667e+005 76923
3. Fiber Orientations:
The strength and stiffness of a composite build up
depends on the orientation sequence of the plies. The TABLE 4: Structural Steel > Alternating Stress
practical range of strength and stiffness of carbon fiber Mean Stress
extends from values as low as those provided by fiber
glass to as high as those provided by titanium. This range Alternating Stress Cycles Mean Stress
of values is determined by the orientation of the plies to MPa
3999 10 MPa
0
the applied load. Proper selection of ply orientation in
2827 20 0
advanced composite materials is necessary to provide a
1896 50 0
structurally efficient design.
1413 100 0
3.1.2 Properties of Material Selected 1069 200 0
441 2000 0
 Structural Steel 262 10000 0
214 20000 0
Table 1:Structural Steel 138 1.e+005 0
114 2.e+005 0
Density 7.85e-006 kg mm^-3
86.2 1.e+006 0
Isotropic Secant Coefficient of 1.2e-005 C^-1
Thermal Expansion
Specific Heat 4.34e+005 mJ kg^-1
Isotropic Thermal Conductivity C^-1
6.05e-002 W mm^-1
C^-1
 Epoxy Carbon UD (230 GPa) Prepreg
Isotropic Resistivity 1.7e-004 ohm mm
Appearance Red-132
Table 5 : Epoxy Carbon UD (230 GPa) Prepreg >
Compressive Ultimate Strength 0 Density
Green-139
Compressive Yield Strength 250 Density kg mm^-3
Tensile Yield Strength 250
Blue -179
Tensile Ultimate Strength 460 1.49e-006

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Table 6 : Degradation Parameter s 0.5
Degradation Parameter M 0.5
Epoxy Carbon UD (230 GPa) Prepreg > Tsai-Wu
Epoxy Carbon UD (230 Constants
GPa) Prepreg > Orthotropic Elasticity Coupling Coefficient XY -1
Young's Modulus X direction MPa 1.21e+005 Coupling Coefficient YZ -1
Young's Modulus Y direction MPa 8600 Coupling Coefficient XZ -1
Young's Modulus Z direction MPa 8600 Epoxy Carbon UD (230 GPa) Prepreg >
Poisson's Ratio XY 0.27 Appearance
Poisson's Ratio YZ 0.4 Red 181
Poisson's Ratio XZ 0.27 Green 168
Shear Modulus XY MPa 4700 Blue 168
Shear Modulus YZ MPa 3100
Shear Modulus XZ MPa 4700
Epoxy Carbon UD (230 3.1.2 Units
GPa) Prepreg > Orthotropic Strain Limits
Young's Modulus X direction MPa 1.67e-002 Unit System Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA)
Young's Modulus Y direction MPa 3.2e-003
Angle Degrees RPM Celsius
Degrees
Young's Modulus Z direction MPa 3.2e-
003 Rotational RPM
Poisson's Ratio XY -1.08e-002 Velocity
Temperature Celsius
Poisson's Ratio YZ -1.92e-002
Poisson's Ratio XZ -1.92e-002
Shear Modulus XY MPa 1.2e-002
Shear Modulus YZ MPa 1.1e-002 3.1.3 Model
Shear Modulus XZ MPa 1.1e-002
Epoxy Carbon UD (230 Model > Geometry
GPa) Prepreg > Orthotropic Stress Limits
Object Name Geometry
Young's Modulus X direction MPa 2231
Young's Modulus Y direction MPa 29 State Fully Defined
Young's Modulus Z direction MPa 29 Definition
Poisson's Ratio XY -1082 Type Step
Poisson's Ratio YZ -100
Length Unit Meters
Poisson's Ratio XZ -100
Shear Modulus XY MPa 60 Element Control Program
Shear Modulus YZ MPa 32 Display Style Controlled
Body Color
Shear Modulus XZ MPa 60 Bounding Box
Epoxy Carbon UD (230 GPa) Prepreg > Length X 533.29 mm
Orthotropic Secant Coefficient of Thermal Length Y 2100.5 mm
Expansion Length Z 533.29 mm
Zero-Thermal-Strain Reference 20
Temperature C Properties
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion X -4.7e-007 Volume 9.9065e+006 mm³
direction C^-1 Mass 35.86 kg
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Y 3.e-005
Scale Factor Value 1.
direction C^-1
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Z 3.e-005 Statistics
direction C^-1 Bodies 2
Epoxy Carbon UD (230 GPa) Prepreg > Puck Active Bodies 2
Constants Nodes 559410
Compressive Inclination XZ 0.3
Elements 312458
Compressive Inclination YZ 0.25
Tensile Inclination XZ 0.35 Mesh Metric None
Tensile Inclination YZ 0.25 Basic Geometry Options
Epoxy Carbon UD (230 GPa) Prepreg > Solid Bodies Yes
Additional Puck Constants Surface Bodies Yes
Interface Weakening Factor 0.8 Line Bodies No

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 Parameters Independent Centroid Z -1.2015e-003 0. mm
Parameter Key ANS;DS Moment of mm
1.2212e+007 3.0845e+006 kg·mm²
Attributes No Inertia Ip1
Moment of kg·mm²
7.2767e+005 3.8459e+005 kg·mm²
Named Selections No Inertia Ip2
Moment of kg·mm²
1.2212e+007 3.0847e+006 kg·mm²
Material Properties No Inertia Ip3
Surface kg·mm² 2.1963e+006 mm²
Advanced Geometry Options Area(approx.) Statistics
Use Associatively Yes Nodes 553271 6139
Coordinate Systems No Elements 306365 6093
Reader Mode Saves Updated File No Mesh Metric None
Use Instances Yes
Smart CAD Update Yes
Compare Parts On Update No 3.1.5 Coordinate Systems
Analysis Type 3-D Model > coordinate systems
Mixed Import Resolution None
Object Name Global Coordinate System
Decompose Disjoint Geometry Yes
State Fully Defined
Enclosure and Symmetry Yes
Processing Definition
Type Cartesian
3.1.4 Parts Coordinate System ID 0.
Origin
Model > Geometry > parts Origin X 0. mm
Origin Y 0. mm
Object Name INNER- INNER-STRUCTURE Origin Z 0. mm
State STRUCTURE Meshed
Directional Vectors
Graphics Properties X Axis Data [ 1. 0. 0. ]
Visible Yes Y Axis Data [ 0. 1. 0. ]
Transparency 1 Z Axis Data [ 0. 0. 1. ]
Definition
Suppressed No
3.1.6 Connections
Stiffness Flexible
Behavior Model > connections
Coordinate Default Coordinate System
System
Reference By Environment Object Name Connections
Temperature
Behavior None State Fully Defined
Thickness 3. mm Auto Detection
Thickness Mode Manual Generate Automatic Connection On Refresh Yes
Offset Type Middle Transparency
Material Enabled Yes
Assignment Structural Steel Epoxy Carbon UD (230
Nonlinear Effects Yes GPa) Prepreg
3.1.7 Contacts
Thermal Strain Yes
Effects Bounding Box Model > Contacts
Length X 525. mm 533.29 mm
Length Y 2100.5 mm 1998. mm Object Name Contacts
Length Z 525. mm 533.29 mm State Fully Defined
Properties Definition
Volume 3.3175e+006 6.589e+006 mm³ Connection Type Contact
Mass mm³ kg
26.043 9.8176 kg Scope
Centroid X 1.7653e-003 mm 8.9073e-016 mm Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Centroid Y 999.9 mm 1184. mm Geometry All Bodies

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 Auto Detection Target Geometry Correction None
Tolerance Type Slider
Tolerance Slider 0.
Tolerance Value 5.5794 mm 3.2. Mesh
Use Range No
Model > Mesh
Face/Face Yes
Face Overlap Tolerance Off
Cylindrical Faces Include Object Name Mesh
Face/Edge No State Solved
Edge/Edge No
Display
Priority Include All Display Style Body Color
Group By Bodies
Defaults
Search Across Bodies Physics Preference Mechanical
Statistics Relevance 0
Connections 1 Element Order Program Controlled
Active Connections 1
Sizing
Size Function Curvature
Use Uniform Size Function For No
3.1.8 Model > Connections > Contacts > Sheets
Relevance Center Coarse
Contact regions
Transition Fast
Object Name Contact Region Span Angle Center Coarse
State Fully Defined Curvature Normal Angle Default (30.0 °)
Scope Min Size Default (3.84710 mm)
Scoping Method Geometry Selection Max Face Size Default (19.2360 mm)
Contact 22 Faces Max Tet Size Default (19.2360 mm)
Target 6 Faces Growth Rate Default
Contact Bodies INNER-STRUCTURE Automatic Mesh Based Defeaturing On
Target Bodies INNER-STRUCTURE Defeature Size Default (1.92360 mm)
Target Shell Face Program Controlled Minimum Edge Length 4.71240 mm
Shell Thickness Effect No Quality
Definition Check Mesh Quality Yes, Errors
Type Bonded Error Limits Standard Mechanical
Scope Mode Automatic Target Quality Default (0.050000)
Behavior Program Controlled Smoothing Medium
Trim Contact Program Controlled Mesh Metric None
Trim Tolerance 5.5794 mm Inflation
Suppressed No Use Automatic Inflation None
Advanced Inflation Option Smooth Transition
Formulation Program Controlled Transition Ratio 0.272
Detection Method Program Controlled Maximum Layers 5
Penetration Tolerance Program Controlled Growth Rate 1.2
Elastic Slip Tolerance Program Controlled Inflation Algorithm Pre
Normal Stiffness Program Controlled View Advanced Options No
Update Stiffness Program Controlled Advanced
Pinball Region Program Controlled Number of CPUs for Parallel Part Program Controlled
Meshing
Straight Sided Elements No
Geometric Modification
Contact Geometry Correction None Number of Retries 0

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 Rigid Body Behavior Dimensionally Output Controls
Mesh Morphing Reduced
Disabled Stress Yes
Triangle Surface Mesher Program Controlled Strain Yes
Topology Checking No Nodal Forces No
Pinch Tolerance Default (3.46240 Calculate Reactions No
Generate Pinch on Refresh mm)
No Store Modal Results Program Controlled
Sheet Loop Removal No General Miscellaneous No
Statistics Analysis Data Management
Nodes 559410 Future Analysis None
Elements 312458 Scratch Solver Files Directory
Save MAPDL db No
Delete Unneeded Files Yes
4 ANALYSIS Solver Units Active System
Modal > Analysis Solver Unit System nmm

Object Name Modal (C5) Model > Modal > Loads

State Solved
Definition Object Name Fixed Support
Physics Type Structural State Fully Defined
Analysis Type Modal Scope
Solver Target Mechanical APDL Scoping Geometry
Options Method
Geometry Selection
1 Face
Environment Temperature 22. °C Definition
Generate Input Only No Type Fixed Support
Suppressed No
Model > Modal > Initial Condition

Object Name Pre-Stress (None) 4.1 SOLUTION

State Fully Defined Model > Modal > Solution

Definition Object Name Solution (C6)

State Solved
Pre-Stress Environment None Adaptive Mesh Refinement
Max Refinement Loops 1.
Refinement Depth 2.
Model > Modal > Analysis Settings
Information
Object Name Analysis Settings Status Done
State Fully Defined MAPDL Elapsed Time 43 m 1 s
Options MAPDL Memory Used 5.0391 GB
Max Modes to Find 6 MAPDL Result File Size 1.1537 GB
Limit Search to Range No Post Processing
Solver Controls Beam Section Results No
Damped No
Solver Type Program Controlled
Rotordynamics Controls
Coriolis Effect Off The following bar chart indicates the frequency
Campbell Diagram Off at each calculated mode

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Figure 1 Table 9
Model> Modal > Solution Model > Modal > Solution > Results
Object Total Directional Equivale Equivale
Name
State Deformatio Deformatio
Solvednt Elastic nt Stress
n Scopen Strain
Scoping Geometry Selection
Method
Geometry All Bodies
Position Top/Bottom
Definition
Type Total Directional Equivale Equivale
Mode Deformatio Deformatio
1. nt Elastic nt (von-
Identifier n n Strain Mises)
Stress
Suppresse No
Orientatiod Y Axis
Coordinat n Global
Table 7 e System Coordinate
Results
Minimum 0. mm System 1.2659e- 9.5751e-
-1.0313
Model > Modal > Solution
Maximum 8.2786 mm
1.0341 009
8.8074e- 005 MPa
164.18
Mode Frequency [Hz] Minimum mm mm mm/mm
INNER-STRUCTURE 004 MPa
1. 9.2905 Occurs
MaximumOn mm/mm
INNER-STRUCTURE
2. 9.5044 Occurs On Information
3. 22.283 Frequency 9.2905 Hz
4. 22.495 Integration Point Results
5. 32.121 Display Averaged
6. 51.713 Option
Average No
Across
Bodies

Table 8
Model > Modal > Solution > Solution
Information
Object Name Solution
State Information
Solved Table 10
Solution Information
Solution Output Solver Output
Model > Modal > Solution> Total Deformation
Newton-Raphson 0
IdentifyResiduals
Element 0
Update Interval
Violations 2.5 s Mode Frequency [Hz]
Display Points All
FE Connection Visibility 1. 9.2905
Activate Visibility Yes 2. 9.5044
Display All FE 3. 22.283
Draw Connections Connectors
All Nodes
Line Color 4. 22.495
Attached To Connection
Visible on Results No
Type 5. 32.121
Line Thickness Single 6. 51.713
Display Type Lines

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Figure 2 Table 12
Model > Modal > Solution > Total Deformation Model > Modal > Solution > Equivalent Elastic
Strain
> Figure
Mode Frequency
1. [Hz]
9.2905
2. 9.5044
3. 22.283
4. 22.495
5. 32.121
6. 51.713

Figure 4
Model > Modal > Solution > Equivalent Elastic
Strain > Figure

Table 11
Model > Modal > Solution > Directional
Deformation
Mode Frequency [Hz]
1. 9.2905
2. 9.5044
3. 22.283
4. 22.495
5. 32.121
6. 51.713

Figure 3
Model > Modal > Solution > Directional
Deformation > Figure
Table 13
Model > Modal > Solution > Equivalent Stress
Mode Frequency [Hz]
1. 9.2905
2. 9.5044
3. 22.283
4. 22.495
5. 32.121
6. 51.713

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Figure 5 We convert wind energy into vibration and in turn use this as
Model > Modal > Solution> Equivalent Stress > a source for producing electricity. In every other field
Figure vibration is considered as a flaw, but we have used vibration
as a factor for producing eco-friendly energy. Bladeless
wind energy helps us to achieve these criteria utilizing less
area, Generation of high power, Economical. The project
uses less space area hence highly economical for the rural
electrification.

The purpose of this paper is to provide some fundamental

result on the bladeless wind system and serve as stepping
stones for the future development of bladeless wind power
generating system. The forces that is beneficial or useful to
generate power in bladeless are different from those in
convectional horizontal axial wind turbines. Our device
capture the energy of vorticity, an aerodynamic effect that
has plagued structural engineers and architectsfor ages
(vortex shedding effect). This system it has been designed to
5.APPLICATIONS being energy to an off grit locations an matching it with
 Industries
solar panels.
 Remote telemetry
 Schools
 Farms
 Houses 7.REFERENCES
 Off-Grid Power for Rail
[1] Niteen Kumar ,Khursheed Alam ,Sudhanshu Kumar D Y
Signaling
 Off-grid Lighting Patil College Of Engineering, Ambi, Pune (MH), ISSN2395-
1621

[2] H.Mueller-Vahl, G. Pechlivanoglou, C.N. Nayeri, and

6.CONCLUSION C.O. Paschereit. Vortex generators for wind turbine blades: A
Bladeless wind powered harvesting is convenient, requires combined wind tunnel and wind turbine parametric study. In
less investment and also less area than the convenient wind Proceedings of ASME IGTI Turbo Expo 2012 ASME/IGTI
powered harvesting. The highly efficient energy is generated June 11 -15, 2012, Copenhagen, Denmark. ASME, 2012.
through the bladeless windmill. As the wind speed required
[3] L. Michaud, Proposal for the use of a controlled tornado-
is very low the future of the wind power harvesting is very
like vortex to capture the mechanical energy produced in the
much depend upon bladeless windmill concept. The device
atmosphere from solar energy. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.,
produces renewable clean energy which will provide
1975, vol. 56, pp. 530-534.
alternate option for exhausting non-renewable energy
sources in future. [4] IEC 61400: Wind turbines, part 12, power performance
measurements of electricity producing wind turbines.
The growing energy demand and depleting energy resources
International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 61400-12-1
urges the need of renewable resources. The Innovative
Ed.2005-12, 2005.
approach to the conventional energy production is that
vibration plays a major hand in the production of electricity.

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[5] “Vortex Shedding Patterns, Their Competition, And
Chaos In Flowpast Inline Oscillating Rectangular Cylinders”,
SrikanthT, Harish N. Dixit, Rao Tatavarti, and Rama
Govindarajan in Physics of Fluid (July 2011 issue) by
American Institute of Physics
[6] “Vibration Based Energy Harvesting Using Piezoelectric
Material”, M.N. Fakhzan, AsanG.A.Muthalif, Department of
Mechatronics Engineering, International Islamic University
Malaysia, IIUM,KualaLumpur, Malaysia
[7} Karshith K , Blayan Santhosh Fernandes,Shreerama P R,
Thilak Raj.,”Bladeless wind power generation”, International
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03, 2016
[8]World watch Institute, “Renewables 2005:”Global Status
Report” prepared for the Renewable Energy Policy Network,
Washington DC, 2005.
[11] Design of Machine elements By V.B. Bhandari.
[12]Design of Machine structure By Sharma & Agrawal.
[13]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_5K4kmnsL
[14] Power Generation by Bladeless Windmill Abhilash
Khairkar1, Prof. Saurabh Bobde2, Prof. Saurabh Bobde3,
Gaurao Gohate4, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
DBACER Nagpur 4.
https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/vortex-bladeless-a-wind-
generator- withoutblades--3#/
[15] http://ijsetr.org/wpcontent/uploads/2015/04/IJSETR-
VOL-4-ISSUE-4- 710-714.pdf [1
[16].www.ijsrd.com/articles/IJSRDV4I31605.pdf 7.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_Bladeless 8. IJIRST –
International Journal for Innovative Research in Science &
Technology| Volume 2 | Issue 11|april’16

[9] U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/GO-102008-2567, "20%

Wind Energy by 2030," July 2008.

[10] Williamson C.H. and Govardhan, R., “Vortex-Induced

Vibration”, Journal of Fluid Mech,
36:41355.doi:10.1146/annurev.fluid.36.050802.122128, 200

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