1. Find a picture of an Arduino Uno and paste it here.

2. What is a microcontroller?
A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific operation in an
embedded system. A typical microcontroller includes a processor, memory and input/output
(I/O) peripherals on a single chip.

3. Which country was the Arduino project started in?

Originally started as a research project by Massimo Banzi, David Cuartielles, Tom Igoe,
Gianluca Martino, and David Mellis at the Interaction Design Institute of Ivrea(Milan, Italy) in the
early 2000s, it builds upon the Processing project, a language for learning how to code within
the context of the visual arts developed by Casey Reas and Ben Fry as well as a thesis project
by Hernando Barragan about the Wiring board.

4. What is open-sourced for the Arduino?

Both the software and the hardware are open-sourced for the Arduino. For example, for the
software, it is available for extension by experienced programmers. The language can be
expanded through C++ libraries, and people wanting to understand the technical details can
make the leap from Arduino to the AVR C programming language on which it's based. Similarly,
you can add AVR-C code directly into your Arduino programs if you want to. As for the
hardware, the plans of the Arduino boards are published under a Creative Commons license, so
experienced circuit designers can make their own version of the module, extending it and
improving it. Even relatively inexperienced users can build the breadboard version of the
module in order to understand how it works and save money.
 5. For the Arduino projects we will need the Arduino Uno. What other hardware will we
need?
We may need a USB cable to connect our Arduino to our computer, a breadboard with 400
points to which we connect solid core jumper wires, batteries(optional), pushbuttons(optional)
and LEDs(optional)

6. There is a software component to working with the Arduino. What will you use to write
the Arduino programs?
We also need the Arduino Software(IDE - Integrated Development Environment) which allows
you to write programs and upload them to your board. We can either use the online web version
or the Arduino Desktop IDE, which can be used offline.

7. What programming language are your Arduino scripts written in?

The programming language used for Arduino scripts is C++.

8. What part of the Arduino board runs the programs?

The microcontroller runs the Arduino programs.

9. What are the boards called that join onto the top of an Arduino?
Additionally, there are these things called shields -- basically they are pre-built circuit boards that
fit on top of your Arduino and provide additional capabilities -- controlling motors, connecting to
the internet, providing cellular or other wireless communication, controlling an LCD screen, and
much more.

10. List 5 different types of boards that are available to piggyback onto the top of an Arduino.
- controlling motors
- connecting to the internet
- providing cellular
- controlling an LCD screen,
- MIDI controller

11. What Microcontroller is used on the Arduino Uno?

The microcontroller used on the Arduino Uno is the ATmega328P.

12. How many digital input/output pins are on the Arduino Uno?
The Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins.

13. How many analog inputs does the Arduino Uno have?
The Arduino Uno has 6 analog inputs.
 14. How is the Arduino Uno connected to the computer?
A USB connection connects the Arduino to the computer. This connection is necessary to
program the board and to power it up. When plugged in correctly, the green power LED should
go on.

15. Find 5 different Arduino projects described somewhere on the internet and list them here
with the link to each project:
- https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/tsaritsynskyyaa/capturing-the-water-drops-with-ardui
no-ae36c6?ref=platform&ref_id=424_trending___&offset=0
- https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/Gallax/3d-artificial-horizon-gyroscope-with-mpu6050
-gy-521-b65154?ref=platform&ref_id=424_trending___&offset=3
- https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/395569/eye-to-speech-module-7203f9?ref=platform
&ref_id=424_trending___&offset=7
- https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/amurison718/atari-8-bit-mp3-player-cec071?ref=platf
orm&ref_id=424_trending___&offset=0
- https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/stegabetti/battery-powered-tv-remote-control-with-3d
-printed-case-d251d4?ref=platform&ref_id=424_trending___&offset=4

16. What operating systems can run the Arduino software?

The Arduino software is cross-platform. It can run on Windows, Mac, and Linux.

17. What is the purpose of the TX and RX LEDs on the Arduino board?
The TX and RX LEDs blink whenever there is a communication between the onboard
microcontroller and the computer through the USB to serial converter chip present near the USB
port. The lighting up of the LEDs indicates the direction of flow of data. When a bit of data goes
from the Arduino board to the computer, the TX LED glows. The RX LED glows when a bit of
data goes from the computer to the Arduino board.

While the computer uploads a code to the Arduino code, the computer sends the data to the
Arduino board to set its fuse bits, determine the inputs and outputs to be used and other
necessary instructions to make the code work. The Arduino board replies each time the data is
sent during upload to tell the computer that it is receiving the instructions. So, when the
computer uploads the code to the Arduino board, the TX and RX LEDs flash rapidly, showing
the data exchange process. It is so fast that these LEDs seem to be turned steady on.

18. List 5 different types of Arduino boards.

- Arduino Uno (R3)
- LilyPad Arduino
- RedBoard
- Arduino Mega (R3)
- Arduino Leonardo

19. List 10 different types of sensors that you can get for the Arduino.
- Light
 - Temperature
- Degree of flex
- Pressure
- Proximity
- Acceleration
- Carbon monoxide
- Radioactivity
- Humidity
- Barometric pressure

20. How much voltage is provided through a USB 1 or USB 2 computer port?
The standard USB port, be it USB 1.1 or USB 2.0, delivers 5 volts of electricity and allows your
connected device to draw 500 milliampere. As this is standardized among USB devices, any
device that can be charged via USB is safe to plug in to your computer.