Date:

Expt. No: 08

Name of the Experiment: Observation of V-curve of a three-phase synchronous motor.

Aim of the experiment:

The object of this experiment is to: measure the following characteristics of synchronous motor.
1. V curve ((I2/ I1))

Equipment and components:

1. Power supply unit

2. Synchronous motor/generator
3. 3-φ squirrel cage induction motor
4. Electro Dynamometer
5. AC Voltmeter
6. AC Ammeter
7. DC Ammeter
8. Coupling Belt

Theory:

A synchronous motor is a machine that operates at synchronous speed and

converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It is fundamentally an
alternator operated as a motor. Like an alternator a synchronous motor has
the basic two parts, (i) a stator which houses 3-phase armature winding in
the slot of the stator core and receives power from a 3-phase supply (ii) a
rotor has a set of salient poles excited by direct current to form alternative
N and S pole.
The V-curves of a synchronous motor shows how armature current varies
with its field current when motor input is kept constant. These are obtained
by plotting ac armature current against dc field current while motor input is
kept constant and are so called of their shape (figure:1)

The circuit diagram is as follows:

Figure:1

I1

A
V
Supply

I2
A

0-220 V DC

Figure:2
 I1 Electro
A Dynamometer

I2 A
0-220 V

Figure: 3 0-220 V DC

Procedure:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure: 2.

2. Set the voltage control knob at it full counter clockwise position.
3. Turn on the power supply.
4. Gradually increases the DC voltage by varying the voltage control knob up to the voltmeter indicate its
rated voltage.
5. Measure and record I1 (armature current) and I2 (field current).
6. Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply.
7. Couple the electrodynamometer with synchronous motor by belt.
8. Connect the circuit as shown in figure: 3.
9. Repeat the procedure 2 and 3.
10. Gradually increase the DC voltage of electrodynamometer for 4 N-m loading.
11. Turn on the power supply.
12. Gradually increases the DC voltage by varying the voltage control knob up to the voltmeter indicate its
rated voltage.
13. Measure and record I1 (armature current) and I2 (field current).
14. Fill up the table:1 and Plot the I1 (armature current) versus I2 (field current) curves.

Table:1 V-curve Graph:

Sl.No I1(armature current) I2 (field current)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Discussions: