SAS 28

LESSON PREVIEW
DASH ____

CHECKING FOR UNDERSTANDING

Multiple Choice

1. a. activation of vitamin K
Rationale: Vitamin K is synthesized in the body by the bacteria present in the large intestine while some amount of vitamin K is
obtained from the diet. The kidney functions in the filtration of wastes from the body and reabsorption of the minerals and
nutrients into the body. It does not play a role in vitamin K activation.

2. c. edema.
Rationale: Edema (swelling due to accumulation of fluid) is caused as a result of nephrotic syndrome. In nephrotic syndrome, The
hypoalbuminemia or low secretion of albumin protein in the urine is a characteristic of the syndrome that contributes in the
shifts of fluid to the intestinal space from the blood plasma that leads to edema. Besides this, the reabsorption of sodium
ions occurs in an excessive amount that causes sodium retention in the blood and subsequently, results in edema.

3. a. Frequent dialysis
Rationale: High protein consumption produces a high amount of nitrogenous waste. This nitrogenous waste (urea) accumulates in the
blood and is not eliminated by the kidney because of acute kidney injury [AKI]. Consequently, to remove this waste
product, frequent dialysis is required.

4. a. diabetes mellitus.
Rationale: Diabetics Mellitus is a chronic disease caused by the deficiency in the amount of insulin hormone production that leads to a
higher level of glucose in the blood or the body cannot use the produced insulin effectively. The high level of blood sugar
damages the blood vessels in the kidney, which reduces kidney function leading to chronic kidney disease. In
approximately, 45 out of 100 cases, chronic kidney disease is caused because of diabetes mellitus.
5. b. consume protein more liberally.
Rationale: The high-quality protein in the diet can be taken in an adequate amount during dialysis because the nitrogenous wastes
produced by the protein intake can be removed from the blood, by the process of dialysis. A high intake of protein diet
reduces the risk of wasting. Protein should be consumed more liberally.

LESSON WRAP-UP
MUDDIEST POINT