Assignment 2

PPIT
Name: Arose Niazi
Roll no: FA18-BSE-010
Top 10 USA Patents in Software Industry......................................................................................2
1. Printer control system (US2941188A).............................................................................................2
2. Character recognition system (US3140466A)..................................................................................2
3. Data storage system (US3350694A)................................................................................................2
4. Information storage system (US2843841A).....................................................................................3
5. Data transformation system (US2533242A)....................................................................................3
6. Information handling system (US2961643A)...................................................................................3
7. Data translating system (US2702380A)...........................................................................................4
8. File search data selector (US3243783A)..........................................................................................4
9. Data processing system (US3200380A)...........................................................................................5
10. Bar code scanner (US3991299A).................................................................................................5
Top 10 Pakistan’s Patent.................................................................................................................5
1. Recovery of nickel from industrial pickling acid solutions (US9340434B2)......................................5
2. Anticancer compound (US8389501B2)............................................................................................6
3. Environmentally benign TCF bleaching sequences for AS/AQ wheat straw pulp (US8080129B2)...6
4. 3-amino-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-(3H)-quinazolinone or derivatives thereof for treating or preventing
antiviral infections (US8809354B2).........................................................................................................7
5. Method of producing tibolone metabolites by fermentation with Fusarium lini (US8148558B2)...7
6. Antitubercular alkaloid (US8420660B2)..........................................................................................7
7. Anti-Inflammatory compound (US8329678B1)...............................................................................7
8. Thiourea derivatives (US9387186B2)..............................................................................................8
9. Inhibitors of advanced glycation end-products (ages)formation (US9387198B1)...........................8
 10. Schiff bases of thiazoles: a new class of ureases inhibitors (US9447057B2)................................8

Top 10 USA Patents in Software Industry.

1. Printer control system (US2941188A)
Inventors:
 Flechtner Donald
 Carl C Eckel
  This invention relates to control systems, and particularly to a system for controlling the
operation of a high-speed printing device.
 it is an object of this invention to provide an improved control system for a high-speed printer,
which control system has greater rapidity, flexibility, and reliability of operation than the
systems of the prior art.
Another object of this invention is to provide an improved control system for a high-speed
printer of the line-at-a-time type, said control system having greater flexibility than control
systems heretofore known.

2. Character recognition system (US3140466A)

Inventors:
 Evon C Greanias
 William W Hardin
This invention relates to character recognition systems, and particularly to an improved
character recognition system in which a plurality of primary or scanning channels are provided,
sufficient to simultaneously scan horizontally a character of predetermined length located
anywhere within a predetermined vertical area, and a reduced number of secondary or
recognition channels are connected to the primary channels in such manner that sufficient
scanning information is provided for char acter recognition.

3. Data storage system (US3350694A)

Inventors:
 Arthur A Kusnick
 Wilhelm G Spruth
 The present invention relates to data storage systems and more particularly to a system
for rapidly selecting desired data from a storage medium.
In the present invention, a system is provided wherein the requested information is read
from the storage device in an optimum manner such that the throughput rate, i.e., the time
between request and readout, is maintained at a minimum. The present system employs the usual
elements: a queue storage, a storage medium, and a readout transducer. The present system
further includes a means for re-ordering the requests in the queue storage to continually present
the best accessing order to the transducer. Thus, the requests in the queue storage will be
presented to the readout transducer in the order in which the stored information will traverse the
transducer rather than in the first in, first out fashion.

4. Information storage system (US2843841A)

Inventors:
 Gilbert W King
 Edwin L Hughes
 George W Brown
 Louis N Ridenour
This invention relates to an improved information storage system of a type suitable for
utilization in information processing machines.

5. Data transformation system (US2533242A)

Inventor:
 Darrin H Gridley
This invention relates to data transformation systems in general and to an electrical
transformation system for converting information contained as combinations of binary digital
conditions into an instantaneous quantity in a single line.

6. Information handling system (US2961643A)

Inventors:
 William R Ayres
 Joel N Smith
 This invention relates to an information handing system and particularly to a system for
rearranging information encoded on magnetic tape. The present invention also relates to other
aspects of an information handling system including integral testing and error correcting.
Large business and governmental organizations receive large masses of new information daily.
In order to handle and analyze this new information, automatic accounting and inventory systems
have been employed. Many present-day automatic accounting and inventory systems are using
complex electronic machines of the digital type for handling and analysis chiefly because of their
high speed, accuracy, and precision.

7. Data translating system (US2702380A)

Inventors:
 Joseph A Brustman
 Chien Kun Li
This invention relates to data translating systems. lore particularly, this invention relates to a
system for ending information stored on a list data storage medium,
implementing that information, rearranging the sensed and supplementary information, verifying
the rearranged information, converting the verified information into a different code, and
recording that information on a second data storage medium.

8. File search data selector (US3243783A)

Inventors:
 Edward J Rabenda
 Wayne D Brodd
 Eugene E Marquardt
In an information retrieval system operating to retrieve a block of information identified by
non-order determining indicia, an information storage system comprising, storage means
constructed to store a plurality of groups of signals wherein each group includes at least signals
representing particular data characters, said characters being arranged in blocks of information,
each of said blocks of information including as a portion thereof a predetermined word for
identifying each of said information blocks from all the other blocks in said storage means, said
predetermined word being located anywhere within its respective information block and
comprising nonordered determining indicia, and first means coupled to said storage means for
utilizing said predetermined word to control the translation of its respective information block
from the storage means.
 9. Data processing system (US3200380A)
Inventors:
 Duncan N Macdonald
 Glaser Edward
 Fred W Bauer
 John J Dowling
 Douglas T Kielty
 Paul D King
This invention relates to digital data processing systems and more particularly to a digital
data processing system employing a digital data processor for operating under the control of a
stored program.
This application is an improvement over the invention disclosed and claimed in the
corresponding application entitled Computex' System, bearing the Serial No. 89,525, led
February l5, 1961, in the name of Warren W. Hopper, et al., and assigned to the same assignee as
the present invention.

10. Bar code scanner (US3991299A)

Inventors:
 George E. Chadima, Jr.
 Eugene G. Ristola
A bar code scanner having light sensitive means for detecting black and white regions of a
bar code and having circuit means for translating the light pulses into digital signals. The scanner
system has circuit means responsive to bar codes employing bars of only two different widths,
specifically wide bars and narrow bars. The scanner has automatic level control circuitry and has
means for detecting the bar code substantially independent of the angle and speed of scan within
desired limitations. The scanner also has built-in error checking and warning devices as well as
an automatic clear system for clearing errors. The data developed by the scanner is then
transferred by suitable circuitry to a data collection and utilization system.

Top 10 Pakistan’s Patent

1. Recovery of nickel from industrial pickling acid solutions
(US9340434B2)
Inventors:
  Robina Farooq
 Saleem Farooq Shaukat
The instant invention is based on the methods to recover nickel from metals pickling acid
solutions and thus reduce or eliminate the metal toxicity from the environment. This method of
instant invention is based on the ultrasound assisted electrolysis process that can remove heavy
metals without using additional chemicals.

11. Anticancer compound (US8389501B2)

Inventors:
 Saifullah
 Saifullah Khan
 Azizuddin
 Muhammad Kashif
 Ahsana Dar
 Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary

Azadirachta indica cell suspension culture is used to metabolize dianabol to yield potent

anticarcinogenic 17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androst-1-en-3-one, which can also be
synthesized.

12. Environmentally benign TCF bleaching sequences for

AS/AQ wheat straw pulp (US8080129B2)
Inventors:
 Naila Yaqoob
 Ishtiaq-Ur-Rehman
 Kausar Jamal Cheema
 Sahibzada Rashad Hameed
 Bushra Mateen
This invention reports an environmentally benign method of delignifying bleaching
sequences to gain more than 80% ISO brightness for alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone (AS/AQ)
wheat straw pulp comprising of AOPsYP0, AOPsEP0 and AOPsP0P1 sequences that yielded
surprising results in the field of pulp and paper technology; wherein the selectivity of sequences
resulted in the protection of α-cellulose from degradation, produced significant drop in acid
soluble lignin and yielded low viscosity losses reducing ecological impact of effluent load.
 13. 3-amino-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-(3H)-quinazolinone or
derivatives thereof for treating or preventing antiviral infections
(US8809354B2)
Inventors:
 Prof. Dr. Sheikh
 Riaz-ud-din
Surprising antiviral activity of 3-amino-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-(3H)-quinazolinone (Compound
1) was reported in the treatment or prevention of viral infections, particularly in combination
with other antiviral agents such as interferon and/or Ribavirin.

14. Method of producing tibolone metabolites by fermentation

with Fusarium lini (US8148558B2)
Inventor:
 Prof. Dr. Atta ur Rahman

 A fermentation method of producing Δ4-Tibolone by contacting tibolone with Fusarium

lini  (ATCC 9593) in a culture media.

15. Antitubercular alkaloid (US8420660B2)

Inventor:
 Ms. Sabra Begum

A derivative of β-carboline alkaloid harmine, 10,12-diheptanoyl-11-hydroxy-3-methyl-β-

carboline, prepared by a Friedel-Crafts acylation of harmine is reported as a novel potent
antitubercular drug.

16. Anti-Inflammatory compound (US8329678B1)

Inventor:
 Dr. Saifullah
 Azadirachta indica  cell suspension culture was used for the biotransformation of dianabol to
yield a metabolite 17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androstan-3-one, which can also be synthesized,
as a potent antiinflammatory agent.

17. Thiourea derivatives (US9387186B2)

Inventor:
 Prof. Dr. M. Iqbal Choudhary

Two thiourea derivatives N-(3-chlorophenyl)-N′-(3,4-difluorophenyl) thiourea and N-(3-

chlorophenyl)-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-thiourea are reported as treatment of multidrug resistance
infections from Staphylococcus aureus.

18. Inhibitors of advanced glycation end-products

(ages)formation (US9387198B1)
Inventor:
 Dr. Humera Jahan
The invention relates to methods of inhibiting the protein glycation process and the
associated formation of Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) in hyperglycemia by
administering 6-Nitrobenzimidazole derivatives. These derivatives were found to be effective not
merely against the formation of AGE, but they can inhibit the action of AGEs at post-receptor
levels.

19. Schiff bases of thiazoles: a new class of ureases inhibitors

(US9447057B2)
Inventor:
 Prof. Dr. M. Iqbal Choudhary
One embodiment of the invention relates to treating diseases associated with increased urease
enzyme activity comprising administering an effective amount of a compound selected from a
group consisting of 28 thiazoles Schiff bases. Kinetic studies were performed on ten (10) of the
most active compounds.