INTERNATIONAL

BUSINESS
ENVIRONMENT

SAIF RAHMAN
BBA 4TH SEMESTER
2019-334-120

ANS 1
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Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting
economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital.
Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in
one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of
an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of
the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a
direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

 India foreign direct investment for 2019 was $50.61B, a 20.17% increase from

2018.
 India foreign direct investment for 2018 was $42.12B, a 5.38% increase from
2017.
 India foreign direct investment for 2017 was $39.97B, a 10.1% decline from
2016.
 India foreign direct investment for 2016 was $44.46B, a 1.02% increase from
2015.
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India's Top Exports in 2020:

 9.5% ($26 billion): 2710 - Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals,
other than crude; preparations not elsewhere specified or included, containing by weight 70
% or more of petroleum oils or of oils obtained from bituminous minerals, these oils being
the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils.
 6.03% ($16.6 billion): 3004 - Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or
30.06) consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up
in measured doses (including those in the form of transdermal administration systems) or in
forms or packings for retail sale.
 5.52% ($15.2 billion): 7102 - Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set.
 2.89% ($7.98 billion): 1006 - Rice.
 2.77% ($7.65 billion): 7113 - Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal or
of metal clad with precious metal.
 1.67% ($4.62 billion): 8703 - Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for
the transport of persons (other than those of heading 87.02), including station wagons and
racing cars.
 1.5% ($4.14 billion): 8708 - Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01
to 87.05.
 1.42% ($3.91 billion): 7601 - Unwrought aluminium.
 1.4% ($3.87 billion): 2601 - Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites.
 1.38% ($3.82 billion): 0306 - Crustaceans, whether in shell or not, live, fresh, chilled,
frozen, dried, salted or in brine; crustaceans, in shell, cooked by steaming or by boiling in
water, whether or not chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine; flours, meals and pellets of
crustaceans, fit for human consumption.

The value of merchandise imports to India totalled $ 367 billion in 2020. Overall commodity
imports to India decreased by 23% compared to 2019. Merchandise imports decreased by $ 110
billion (the value of merchandise imports to India was equal to $478 billion in 2019)

India's imports 2020 by country

Top trading partners (import sources) of India in 2020:

 China with a share of 15.9% (58 billion US$)

 USA with a share of 7.23% (26 billion US$)
 United Arab Emirates with a share of 6.49% (23 billion US$)
 Saudi Arabia with a share of 4.81% (17.7 billion US$)
 Iraq with a share of 4.39% (16.1 billion US$)
 Hong Kong with a share of 3.96% (14.5 billion US$)
  Singapore with a share of 3.34% (12.3 billion US$)
 Korea with a share of 3.3% (12.1 billion US$)
 Indonesia with a share of 3.26% (12 billion US$)
 Switzerland with a share of 3.07% (11.3 billion US$)

What did India import in 2020?

India's Top Imports in 2020:

 17.5% ($64 billion): 2709 - Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals,
crude.
 5.95% ($21 billion): 7108 - Gold (including gold plated with platinum) unwrought or in
semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form.
 4.32% ($15.8 billion): 7102 - Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set.
 4.31% ($15.8 billion): 2701 - Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured
from coal.
 4.14% ($15.2 billion): 2711 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons.
 2.3% ($8.47 billion): 8542 - Electronic integrated circuits and microassemblies.
 2.16% ($7.98 billion): 8471 - Automatic data processing machines and units thereof;
magnetic or optical readers, machines for transcribing data onto data media in coded form
and machines for processing such data, not elsewhere specified or included.
 2.05% ($7.54 billion): 8525 - Transmission apparatus for radio-telephony, radio-
telegraphy, radio-broadcasting or television, whether or not incorporating reception
apparatus or sound recording or reproducing apparatus; television cameras; still image video
cameras and other video camera recorders; digital cameras.
 1.91% ($7.05 billion): 8517 - Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy,
including line telephone sets with cordless handsets and telecommunication apparatus for
carrier-current line systems or for digital line systems; videophones.
 1.59% ($5.87 billion): 2710 - Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals,
other than crude; preparations not elsewhere specified or included, containing by weight 70
% or more of petroleum oils or of oils obtained from bituminous minerals, these oils being
the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils.