LOLNOLDAU Ngay nay voi téc dé phat trién ctia khoa hoc kj thudt nh muc dich ddy manh céng nghiép héa, hién dai hoa ddt nuéc. Bén canh nhieng nganh céng nghiép khéc thi nganh cong nghiép nang heong cia nhiing nam gan day cling dat duoc nhitng thanh teu ding ké, dip img duge nhu céu cita dét nude. Ciing voi sw phat trién ca hé thong nang uong quéc gia, & mesic ta nhu edu dién nang trong cc linh vite cong nghiép dich vu va sinh hoat tang truong khong nging. Hign nay nén kinh té meée ta dang phat trién manh mé doi séng nhén dan duoc nang cao, dan dén phu tai dién ngdy cang phat trién, Do vay vi dap img nhu cau cia phu tai. Viée quan tam quyét dinh ding dain van dé kinh té-ky thudt trong viée thiét ké, xdy dung va van hénh nha méy dién sé mang lai lgi ich khong iéc xy dung thém céic nha may dién la diéu can thiét dé nho déi véi hé thong kinh té quéc danh. Do dé viéc tim hiéu néim vitng cong viéc thiét ké nha may dién, dé dam bao duoc dé tin céy cung cap dién, chat long dién, an toan vat kinh té la yéu cau quan trong déi voi nguoi ky su dién. Nhiém vu ctia dé dn thiét ké ctia em la thiét ké- nha may dign kiéu Thug} dién. Véi nhitng kién thitc thu nhan dugc qua cdc nam hoc tap va su inéng dan tén tinh cha thay gido phy tréch va cdc thdy cé khdc trong khoa dén nay em da hoan thank nhiém vu thiét ké cia minh, Vi thai gian va kién thite cé han, chéic han dé dn khéng trénh khéi nhiing sai s6t. Kinh mong cdc thay c6 gido gép ¥, chi bao dé em ném viing kién thite trudc khi ra truong. Cudi cing em xin chan thinh cam on thay hueéng din cing tdt ca cdc thay cé gido da truyén thu kién thite cho em dé cho em cé diéu kién hoan thanh nhiém vu thiét ké Da ning, ngay thing nam Sinh vienCHON MAY PHAT DIEN, TINH TOAN PHAN BO CONG CHUONG SUAT, VACH PHUONG AN NOI DIEN 1.1 CHON MAY PHAT DIE! Noid vu thigt ké: Thidt ké phn dign trong Nha may: THUY DIE} Cong su chit ¥ cde digm sau au day: ~- May phat cé céng suat cang 1én thi vén dau tu Ién, tiéu hao nhién ligu dé san Ot don vj dign nang va chi phi van hanh hang nam cang nho. Nhung vé mat ign thi ddi hoi cong sudt cia may phat lon nhat khong duge 1én hon dy trit dong ngin tia may phat Ién thi dong dinh mit ip dign ap nay sé nhs, d do dé dé dang chon khi cy dign hon. it cia cdc t6 may da cé nén ta chi vige chon may phat c6 céng sudt tuong mg la: 1ISOMW. Ta chon cp dign 4p may phat li 15,75KV vi cd Tra sich “ Thiét ké phan dign trong nha may dién va tram bién dp” cia PGS Neguyén Hitu Khéi, ta chon duge may phat dign theo bang 1.1 ign Ap nay thong dung. Bang 1.1 ‘Théng s6 dinh mic Dién khang twong déi Loai may phat a] S | P ] U [cose , viph| Mva | Mw |_KV we L* BrC-1260/200-60 | 100 | 1765 | 150 | 15.75 | 0,85 | 0,25 [0.35 [ 1.03 Nhu vay, c6ng suat dit toan nha may Ia: Sym = 4 x 176.5= 706 MVA 1.2. TINH TOAN PHY TAI VA CAN BANG CONG SUAT: Dé c6 co s6 thiét ké chi tiét cho céc chuong tiép theo.Trong phan nay sé hanh tinh toan phan bé céng suat trong nha mdy dign, xay dmg duge dé thi phy tai tng cho nha may. _ Dinh lugng céng suat cdn tai cho cdc phy tai ¢ cdc cp dién ap tai cdc thoi diém va dé xuat cdc phuong an néi day hgp ly cho nha mé ‘Nha may 6 nhigm vu cung cép cho céc phy tai sau: dp dign ap may phat (15,75 KV):Dé thi phu tai hinh 1.1 P% 100] 80 ml 60 40 20 Po 0 4 8 12 16 2 24 uh Hinh 1.1 dign ap may phat duge tinh theo céng thite sau: Céng sudt phy t Syp(t) = P% POE (pb 208 yp Trong dé: Sue(t) la céng sudt phy tai cdp dign ap may phat tai thai diém t, P% 1a phan tram cng sudt phy tai cdp dign ap may phat, phy tai cp din ap may Purmax, Copur li céng sudt cye dai va hé sé cong s phat. _ Ap dung céng thite (1.1) két hgp véi hinh 1.1, ta ¢6 bang phan bé céng suat phu tai cdp dign 4p may phat nhu bang 1.2: Bang 1.2 wa) | 0-4 | aca [ 8414 [14ei8 [18224 P% 70 90 | 100 | 80 | 70 Sur(®) 78,75 1.2.2. Phy tai cp dign ap trung (110 KV): Cong suat cue dai Pax = 380 MW. Hé sé cong sudt cose = 0,85. 6 thi phy tai hinh 1.20 4 8 12 16 2 24 wh Hinh 2 Cong sudt phy tai cdp dign ap trung duge tinh theo céng thite sau: Syx(l) = P% Peta (2) COS Poy Trong do: Sun(t) 1a cng sudt phy tai cdp dign 4p trung tai thoi diém t. P% la phan trim céng suat phy tai cdp dién dp trung theo thdi gian. Prrtmax, co@uT 1a cng suat eye dai va hé s ‘ai cap dién 4p trung nhu bang 1.3: Bang 1.3 tw) | 0-2 | 276 | 610 | 1012] 12+16| 16+20] 20424 P% 7o {80 | 100 | 8 [ 9 | 80 | 70 Sur) [312,94 [357,64 | 447 | 357.64 | 402,35 | 357,64 | 312,94 1.2.3. Phy tai cdp dign ap cao (220 KV): A dai Prox = 120 MW. cose = 0,85. BO thi phy tai hinh 1.3P% 100] 80 60 40 20 bo o 12 16 20 24 Why Hinh 1.3 Cong sudt phy tai cdp dign ap cao duge tinh theo cng thite sau: Spelt) = Po Fuca (13) COS Pye Trong dé: Suc(t) la céng suat phy tai cdp dign dp cao tai thoi diém t. A Ap cao theo théi ian, Potam, copur la céng suit cye dai va hé sé céng sudt phy tai cdp dign ap cao. Ap dung céng thite (1.3) két hgp véi hinh 3, ta c6 bang phan bé céng sudt phy 4p cao nhu bang 1.4 Bang 1.4 wh) | 0-4 | 428 | 8=12 [12716] 16+24 P% so | 90 | 100 [90 | 100 Suc) [112,94[ 127 [i4iis[ 127 [14118 1.2.4, Cong suit ty ding ciia nha may: Phu tai ty ding cua nha may duge xéc dinh theo céng thite sau: Su = aS ny [ose +06, 520 ) a4) Trong dé: Sua(t) 14 cOng sudt ty ding cia nha ma @ la hé sé ty dung cua nha may, @=2% Sr(t) 1a céng sudt phat cia nha may tai thoi diém 1. Syarla cong sudt dt ciia nha may, Sx = 706 MVA Vi nha may phat luén phat hét cong suat nén ta c6: Sx(t) = Sy = 706 (MVA) tai thoi diém t. Nhu Sta(t) = Stdmax = @.Sxm = 0,02 x 706 = 14,12 (MVA) (1.5)1.2.5. Cong sudt dy trér ciia toan hé thon; Céng cuat dy tri ciia toan hé théng (ké ca nha may dang thiét ké) duge xdc dinh theo céng thife sau: Sait = SasJoSut + Sxm- Y'Spcou (1.6) Trong dé. DS yeaa = Seton * Sumac + Sycmn + Sain = 80 +447 + 141,18 + 14,12 = 637,65(MVA) = Sauer = 5% * 10.000 +706 - 637,65 = 568,64MVA) 1.2.6. Bang tong hop phan bé cng suat trong toan nha may: | Qua tinh toan 6 trén, ta lap duge bang s6 ligu cén bang céng sudt cua toan nha may theo thai gian trong mt ngay, nhu bang 1.6. Bang 1.5 um) [| 0+2 | 224 [426 | 6+8 [8+ 1010+ 12]12+14]14 + 16]16 = 18]18 +20[20+22] 2224 Sunt) | 56 | 56 [78,75|78,75] 80 | so | so | 64 | 64 | so | 56 56 |Sur(t) [312,94|357,64[357,64| 447 | 447 [357,64|402,35|402, 357,64]312,94] 312,94 ISuc(t) [112,94]112,94[ 127 | 127 [iai.as[iai.is| 127 | 127 [14i.18[141.18[141,18[ 141,18 JSwit) | 14,12 | 14,12 [14,12 | 14,12 [14,12 [ 14,12 [14,12 | 14,12 [14,12 [14,12 [14,12] 14,12 espn] 496 | 496 [577,51]666,87| 682,3 [592,94|623,47|607,47|576,94]568,94[524,24] 524.24 Sym | 706 [ 706 | 706 | 706 | 706 | 706 | 706 | 706 | 706 | 706 | 706 | 706 Sa) | 210 | 210 [128,49] 39,13 | 23,7 [113,06] 82,53 | 9% 137,06]181,76| 181,76 Trong dé, Sw(t) 1a céng suat thira ma nha may cé thé phat vé hé théng tai thoi diém t. SuO=Syae - LS. ay ‘Tir bang 1.5, ta nhdn thay trong diéu kign lam vi phat di céng sudt cho pho tai & cdc cp dign ap va con thita mot Ingng cong su: thé dua lén hé théng trong tat ca cdc thoi diém trong ngay. Do dé nha may cé kha phat trién phy tai 6 cdc cap dign ap. c binh thugng nha may dign 1.2.7. Dé thj phan bé céng suat cia toan nha may: Ti bang 1.6 ta vé dé thi phy tai tng ca toan nha may theo céng suat toan phan binh Hi: 4 Trong dé: Sia: Duong dac tinh céng sudt ty ding, Sur: Duong dic tinh céng sudt cdp dién 4p may phat. Sur: Duong dic tinh céng suat cap dién dp trung. Suc: Duong dic tinh cong suat cdp din ap cao. Xspt_: Dudng dc tinh céng suat ting phy tai. Ser: Duong dic tinh céng suat nha may .S(MVA) 850 800 750 Saat 700 650 600 550 Sp . Ce 500 450 400, 350 Ser |__| Lo 300, Svc 250 a 200 150 100 r >: -™————_ T Sur 50, joe oo Sta o Wa t to1.3. VACH SO BO NOI DIEN CUA NHA MA Chon so d8 néi dign chinh cia nha may 14 m6t khdu quan trong trong qué trinh tinh ton thiét ké nha may dign. Vi vay cin nghién ctu ky nhigm vu thiét ké, ndm vig cdc s6 ligu ban dau. Dya vio bing 1.6 va cdc nhgn xét tng quat, ta tién hanh vach cdc phuong an néi di phuong dn dua ra phai dim bio cung cdp dién lign tuc cho cdc h6 tiéu thy, phai khac nhau vé céch ghép néi cic may bién dp véi cae cdp dign ap, vé s6 Iugng va dung lugng ctia may bién dp, vé sé Iugng may phat dign... So 46 ndi dign gitta cdc cdp dign ap phai dam bao céc yéu cdu sau ky thudt sau: + $6 may phat dign, may bién dp néi bé va lign lac phai thod man diéu kign khi ngimg | may phat hoac 1 may bién 4p do sy cé thi cde may phat con lai van dam bao cung ep dit cho phy tai cép dign 4p may phat va phy tai cp dign ap trung. + Céng suét mdi bé may phat - may bién 4p khéng duge lén hon dy tr quay cia hé théng Dy trit quay cia hé théng Saurr = 568,64 (MVA) > S pp = 176,5 (MVA) + Chi néi_b9 may phat - may bién 4p hai cudn day vao thanh gép dign 4p nado ma phy tai cue tiéu & d6 lon hon céng suat cia b6 nay; c6 nhu vay méi trinh durge tradng hop lic phy tai ewe tiéu, b6 nay khéng phat hét céng sudt hode céng suat phai chuyén qua hai lan may bién 4p lam ting tén hao, gay ling phi céng suat ctia may phat. + Néu phy tai cap dign 4p may phat nhé thi c6 thé lay ré nhanh tir bé may phat may bién 4p nhung céng suat ly ré nhanh khong duge vugt qua 15% cia bd. ‘Thanh phan phn tram céng sudt phy tai cdp dién 4p may phat so véi céng sudt cla toan nha mé 100 = 2 100 =11,33% <15% (1.8) 706 Sra thay ring, phy tai cap dién ap may phat bé hon 15% téng céng suat ctia toan nha may nén ta ding so dé néi b6. + Khéng nén ding qua 2 may bién ap ba cuén day hay may bién ap tr ngdu dé lign lac hay tai dign gitra cde cdp dign ap. + May bién dp tu ngdu chi sir dung khi ca hai phia dién 4p cao va trung ap cé trung tinh true tiép néi_ dat. Tir cdc yéu céu ky thuat trén, ta vach ra mét sé phuong an néi didi nha may nhu sau: chinh cho1.3.1 Phuong 4n I: 1.3.1.1. Mé ta phucong én: - 4 may phat ndi b6 bén cao va bén trung. - Ding 2 may bién 4p ty ngdu lién lac gitta cac cdp dién ap. TBPP 220 KV TBPP 110 KV BL B2 B3 B4 BSB Hinh:1-5 Fl F2 FB 4 din dén tén tht dién nang én nén gid thanh du - $6 lugng may bién Ap nhidi tu lon. - Chiém nhiéu dign dng dé xay dung. - $6 lugng thiét bi 6 cp trung va cao ap nhigu nén dé bi sy ¢6 va gid thanh xdy dung thanh gop cép dign dp cao va trung lén. hima 1.3.2. Phuong an II: 1.3.2.1. M6 té phiwong én: - So dé nay cap dign ap cao khéng cé néi b6. ___ Hai bd may phat F3, F4 — may bién 4p hai cugn day B3, B4 néi vao thanh gop cap dién 4p trung. - Ding 2 may bién ap ba cugn day dé lign lac gitia cae cap dign Ap.TBPP 220 «yf TBPP 110 KV t BI B2 B3 B4 Fl F2 15,75 KV F3 FA| Hinh:1-7 1.3.2.2. Uuu diém: - Dim bao yéu cdu cung cp dign, d6 tin cy cting nhu sy lign lac gitta cée cp dign ap véi nhau va gitta nha may vi hé thong. - $6 lgng may bién dp ft nén don gian trong vige lp dat cding nhu van hanh va giam duge dign tich lp dat, vin dau tu cho phong 4n. 1.3.2.3. Nhuge diém: - Khi gap sy phai ngimg lam viée. ~ Dung lugng may bién ap 1én,khé khan cho Itrong cic may 4p, gay lang phi céng sudt may phat do van chuyén lip dat. 1.3.3, Phuong an II: 1.3.3.1. M6 té phuwong én: - So dé ding 2 b6 may phat — may bién dp ndi bd Fl - B1 va F4 — B4 ndi vao thanh g6p220 KV va 110 KV; - Ding 2 may bién dp ty ngau in lac gitta cc cdp din 4p. - $6 Iugng MBA bang sé lugng nguén nén van hanh nha may linh hoat, kinh té, 10TBPP 110 KV TBPP 220 KV 15,75 KV Hinh: 1-8 néi vao thanh gép trung 4p nhiéu nén luong thiét bi phan - Do dung 2 MBA ty ngdu lien Igc gitta 2 cdp dign ap cao va trung nén ding sé 1én, din dén khé khan trong viée lua chon thiét bi 1.3.4, Phuong an IV: 1.3.4.1. Mo ts phucong dn: TBPP vagy 1 TBPP 110 KV BI B2K BX} B4 BS B6 15,75 KV FL F2 F3 F4 - So dé ding 3 b6 may phat — may bién 4p ndi b6 Fl - B1, F2 — B2, F3— B3 n vao thanh gép 220 KV; F4 — B6 néi vao thanh gép 110 KV. Hai may bién ap ty ngau 8 lien lac gitta 2 cp dign dp cao va trung. uldign cho cde phy tai cde cp dign ap. dign 4p va gitta nha may véi hé théng. y cung - Dam bao sv lién lac gitta cdc 3. Nhwge diér 7 4p, ton dign tich mat bang x4y dung céng suat truyén tai qua 2 lan bién dp ting t6n hao dign nang din dén ting chi phi dau tu. 1.3.6, Nh§n xét chung: Qua phan tich wu, nhuge diém ciia timg phuong An, ta nh§n thay phuong dn 2 dm bao vé mit ky thudt va wu diém hon cic phutong an khéc nén ta chon phuong an 2 dé tinh ton cho cde phan tiép theo. 12CHUONG 2: CHON MAY BIEN AP, TINH TON THAT DIEN NANG 2A 1. CHON 8 MAY BIEN ap 86 lugng may a may bién ap hong nhing Ih mite cia may bién p phu thuéc nhiéu vio nhiét d6 méi trudng nhung do cé thé dat hang theo kign khi hu tai noi lip dat nén khéng cdn higu chinh theo nhiét 49. 2.2 CHON MAY BIEN AP CHO PHUONG AN 2: * So dé néi dién phwong dn 2: ft lloKy 15,75KV FS Fa Hinh 2.1 2.2.1, Chon may bién 4p ndi bé phia trung Ap B3, B4: 02 May bién p nay la may bién dp ba pha 2 cudn day nén digu kign chon 1a: amps > Samr3 = 176,5 MVA Tra séch “Huéng dan thiét ké nha may dign va tram bi , Truong DHBK Ha Néi, ta c6 thong sé may bién 4p B3, B4 nhu bang 2.1 Bang 2.1 Loai | S| Dign 4p cuén day | AP (KW) MBA |(MVA)| Cao [Ha | APo | APy Tam | 200 | 121 | 15,75 [ 140 | 550 | 105 [ 05 Samps = Ux% | 10% 2.2.2. Chon may bién ap lién lac B1, B2: May bién dp nay 1a may bién dp ty ngdu ba pha, cng suat duge chon theo diéu kign: Sampi = Sanz > Samr/Ka (2.2) 13220-110 _ 110 = 353 (MVA) Trong dé Santi: 1a cOng sudt dinh mite eiia may phat F1,(F2). Ka: hé sé c6 Igi cia may bién dp ty ngiu Nhu vay, cng sudt cia may bién 4p lién lac Brva Bz a: Siinta = Sans 2353. (MVA). Tra sich “Thiét ké Nha may dign” ctia PGS Nguyén Hitu Khdi. Trang 113 ta chon may bién ap cé cdc théng sé sau: Bang 2.2 Logi s__ |Dign 4p cugn day AP (KW) Un% MBA | (MVA) CC] T | H [APO | APscs | APscu | APwew | C-T | CH TALINA | 360 | 230} 121 | 15,75 |145 | 560 a - Il | 32 | 20 | 05 2.2.3. Kiém tra qua tai may bién 4p da chon cia phuong An 2: Kiém tra qué tai binh thon; dinh mite ciia cée mé bién dp B1, B2, B3, B4 duge chon Ién hon tra qué tai binh thuong. 2.2.3.2. Kiém tra qué tai sue cb: a. Xét su cb mOt trong hai mdy bién dp noi b6: Céng suat cin edp cho phy tii dign ap trung Ide eye dai cia méi MBA ty ngdu BI, B2 la: 2K KS smog 2SUT max ~ (Samr— Stamax/4 — Surcesjmax) + (Suemex— Sater) (2.3) Chon Kg= 1,2 1a hé s6 qua tai cla MBA tu ngau Svanax— Suarr <0 nén ta bd di (Sventx— Saurr) trong biéu thite (2.3) 2K yy Ki Simms 2% 1,2 x 0,5 x 360 = 432 (MVA) Sutmax - (Same — Stimax/4 - Surgrsjmax) = 447 — (176.5 - = 294,03 (MVA) 432 >294,37 (MVA). Nhu vay MBA da xét khong bi qué tai 4. Truong hop su cb MBA TN lién Ige: Céng sudt cdn ep cho phy tai dién 4p trung Ide cy dai cla MBA ty ngdu B2 la: Ky Ky Sapp) 2 Svt max ~ © Seni z Suacrymax y Surqiymax) + (Suemax~ Sauit) (2.4) Sueatax ~ Saurr <0 nén ta bé di (Suentax ~ Saurr) trong biéu thite (2.4) 141,2 x 0,5 x 360 2 447 — (2 x 176,16 -2x 4 PDP 216 > 141,74 (MVA) Nhu vay MBA da xét khéng bj qua tai két lug Cac may bién dp da chon thoa man digu kign lam vige binh thudng va sy cé. 2.3. TINH TON THAT BIEN NANG TRONG CAC MAY BIEN AP: © 2.2.3. 220 KV ft woKv ~Q © 15,75 KV B® 1 @& Bl FI 6MW 10MW 6MW 10MW 10MW 6MW10MW 6MW So dé phan bé phy tai cp dign ap may phat 2.3.1 Tinh ton that dign nang trong may bién ap néi bé B3, B4: Hai MBA B3, B4 hoan ton giéng nhau va van hanh song song nén ta, Ap dung cng thite: 3 AA=nAPot + +APy US, no Shams i (2.5) Tir dé thj phy tai va cde két qua & chuong 1, ta lap bang sé ligu sau: Bang 2.3 my [0=2 [224 [46 [6:8 [8=10]10=12fi2= 14] 14 = 1616 = 1818 = 20]20=22[22 « 24] Sur(ty/4] 14 14 12,6 | 12.6 | 20 20 20 10,8 10,8 14 14 14 |Stamaw/4| 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,93 | 3,53 | 3,53 [Sanus | 176,5 [176,5 | 176.5 | 176,5 [176.5 | 176,5 | 176,5 | 176,5 | 176,5 | 176.5 | 176,5 | 176,5 ISwsg)_[158,97[158,97]160,37]160,37[140,37]140,37|140,37] 129,57 [129,57[158,97[158,97|158,97 15Trong dé: Spxa) = Santa - Suinal4- Sux(0/4; Sux) = Surmarx P% Surmax = PmavCos = +2 = 20 (MVA) Do dé tén that trong mét MBA néi b6 B3 (B4) AA =140.24 +: 550 DL (158,97)*.2 + (158,97)?.2 + (160,37)?.2 + (160,37)*.2 + (140,37)?.2 200 + (140,37)2.2 + (140,37)?.2 + (129,57)?.2 + (129,57)?.2 + (158,97)2.2 + (158,97)2.2 + (158,97).2 = 10798 (kWh) ‘Tén that dign nang trong mot MBA ni b6 Bs AA = 10798 x 365 = 3.941.366 (kWh) trong mgt nam 1a: 2.3.2. Tinh ton that dign nang trong may bién ap ty ngdu 3 pha: Tén that digén nang hang nam trong may bién dp ty ngau xdc dinh theo biéu thite: AAgy = BAB, 1+ ty besa Se, APar Si. (2.6) Stas Shes Trong dé: Sic, Sir. Sux 18 cOng suat tai qua cée cugn cao, trung, ha ctia nhing my bién pty ng lien Ige van hinh song song trong thd giant, ha duge tinh nhu sau: APne = 0,5. (APye¢ + (2.7) 280 290 = 055. (560-52 252) = 280 KW, 05? APyat = 0.5.¢ ~ AP yer) = 0,5. 2 289 _ S60) = 840 KW, 0. Trong 46 Do chi ¢6 APxc-r= 560 (KW) nén c6 thé xem APycn= APyrst = 0,SAPNor = 280 (KW), Theo bang: 2.2 + Tinh phan bé céng suat: Su = Sdmvi - Suanoxet - Sur en (t) (2.8) Surieiy(t) = Sur¢eiimax x P% (2.9) 16Cong suét qua cugn trung: S(Sun(t) = 2.S2300)) (2.10) Céng suat truyén qua cudn cao: Se = Su- Sr @.1) Ta lip bang sé ligu céng sudt qua timg cuén day MBA TN (céng suat S tinh theo don vi MVA) nhur bang sau: Bang 2.4 [tay 0=2] 224] 4:6 | 6=8 [8+10/10+12)12 +14] 14 = 16 [16 = 18/18 + 20[20+22|22 = 24] Surend| 14 [14 [12.6 [126] 20 [| 20 [ 20 | 108 | 108 14 [14 Stimarr_[ 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 | 3,53 [3,53 [3,53 | 353 [3.53 3,53 | 3,53 [Samm | 176,5[176.5| 176.5 | 176.5 [176.5 | 176.5 [176.5 | 176.5 [176.5 176.5 | 176.5 Sux) _[312,94]357,64| 357,64 | 447 | 447 [357,64|402,35] 402,35 [357,64|357,64|312,94|312,94] Saxe —_[158,97]158,97| 160,37 |160,37|152,97[152,97|152,97| 162,17 [162,17|158,97|158,97|158,97| Su 158,97]158,97] 160,37 |160,37|152,97|152,97]152,97| 162,17 |162,17]158,97|158,97|158,97| Sr -2.5 |19.85| 18.45 | 63.13 | 70.53 | 25.85 | 48.2 |_39_| 16.65 | 19.85| 2.5 | -2.5 [Sc 161,47|178,82| 178,82]223,50|223,50]178,82]201,17| 201,17] 178,82] 178,82] 161,47] 161,47] Tir cOng thitc tinh tén that dign nang, ta cé: 1 36 + [280(178,82)? + 280(19,85)? + 840(158,97)7].2 + (280(178,82)? + 280(18,45)? + 840(160,37)7].2 + (280(223,5)? + 280(63,13)* + 840(160,37)7].2 + (280(223,5)? + 280(70,53)? + 840(152,97)7].2 + (280(178,8)? + 280(25,85)* + 840(152,97)"].2 + (280(201,2)? + 280(48,2)? + 840(152,97)"].2 + [280(201,2)? + 280(39)? + 840(162,17)?].2 + [280(178,8)? + 280(16,65)? + 840(162,17)].2 + (280(178,8)? + 280(19,85)? + 840(158,97)"].2 = 8864 (Kwh) Tén that dién nang trong m6t MBA TN Big trong mot nam 1a: ABig) = 8864 x 365 = 3.235.434 (KWh) 170.24 + [280(161,47)* + 280(2,5)? + 840(158,97)°].6 2.3.3. Tong tn that dign nang trong may bién ap: Téng tén that dign nang cia cac MBA trong mét nam la: ABy = 2x ABig) +2 x ABsay = 2x 3.235.434 +2 x 3.941.366 = 14,353.600 (KWh) 7TOAN NGAN MACH viée tinh toan ngén mach 1a dé cho vige chon cdc logi khi cy din, in ngin mach duge sit dung trong chuong nay Ii phuong phap during cong tinh toan dya trén céc nguyén tac sau : - Tri s6 tuong déi cua dong ngan mach duge tra trén duéng cong tinh toan, Ia = f(Xix); (sich “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién 4p” cua PGS Neuyén Hu Khai - NXB Ha N6i). ich (Xx) va (q) duge tra & bang 3-2,trang 28 sach “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién 4p” ciia PG $ ‘Nguyén Hitu Khai - NXB Ha Noi. - Tinh xung lugng nhiét ciia ding ngin mach (By) ta ding phuong php thai gian tuong duong(Ti). Trong 46, Ttd duge tra trén during cong tinh todn, in mach tinh todn 1a dang ngin mach cé6 ding dién chay qua khi cy ign lon nat. Vige chon dang ngin mach tinh todn 1a phy thude timg trugng hep cu thé, nhung dé thugn tign ngwai ta chon ngdn mach 3 pha déi ximg. - Diém ngén mach tinh todn la diém ngin mach duge chon trén so dé tong tmg v6i tinh trang van hanh, phi hgp véi diéu kién thye t8 nguy hiém nhdt. 3.1.2, Tinh toan ngin mach cho phwong n 2: 3.1.2.1. So dé néi dign cé vj tri diém ngan mach tinh todn : ® | ye! Le N3 Hinh 3.1 a. Diém ngdn mach Nr: - Myc dich : Chon cdc khi cy dign phia cao ap (220 KV). - Tinh trang so it cd ce may phat va hé théng déu lam vige. b. Diém ngdn mach N; - Mye dich : Chon cdc khi cy dign phia trung ap (110 KV). - Tinh trang so dé : Tat ca cde may phat va hé théng déu lam viée. 18c. Diém ngiin mach N. - Mue dich : Chon - Tinh trang so dé thong déu nghi . 4. Biém ngiin mach Ny: - Muee dich: Chon cée khi cy dién cho mach ha ap may bién dp lién lac. inh trang so dé: Tat ca céc may phat va hé théng déu lam viéc, trir may phat dign cho mach ha ap may bién ap lién | thi may phat FI lim vige,tét cd cde may phat khde va hé Fi nghi. e. Diém ngén mach Ns,Ne: ~ Mue dich: Chon khi cu dign cho mach ndi b6, mach phy tai cdp dign 4p may phat va ty ding. ‘inh trang so dé: + Déi vai diém Ns thi tinh tr binh thug, c6 thé + Doi voi diém Ne thi tinh trang so dé 1a hé théng va cdc may phat déu lim vige binh thuong. * Két lun: Sau khi da xde dinh duge dong ngén mach tinh toan cia cdc dy gi tr] nbur sau: Tq = max(Ixs.Ivs) g so dé 1 hé théng va cdc may phat déu Lim viée 3.1.2.2. So dé thay thé tinh todn : . . ir so dé néi dign c6 diém ngin mach ta thanh 1p duge so dé thay thé tinh toan nhu hinh 3.2: X13 x14 HT —+-—___1- +o ANI X10| 0 X8 N: XT L x9 we I x6 xu] xi2[] x5 LNB A NS NA N6 < XI x3 x4 X2 ° ° ° Fl F3 F4 F2 Hinh 3.2 193.1.2.3. Tinh todn cic thong sé cia so dé thay thé trong hé don vj teong doi: 1. Xée djnh dai lugng tinh todn: * Chon cdc dai lugng eo ban (cb): Chon S,,=100 (MVA) (Ug, =230 (KV) U4 =U, Ua, = 1S (KV) (uy, =15,75 (KV) * Dong dign co ban 6 cdc cp dign ap: Sus 100 3.230 100 = = 0,502 (KA) V3.5 “ = 0,251(KA) 665(KA) * Dign khang ctia cdc phan tir: - Dign khéng ciia cdc may phat Fi, Fo, - Dign khang cia may bién dp Bs,Ba Ux Sa _ A 10 _ oss 100 “Sing, 100200 - Dign khang cia may bién dp ty ngdu Bi, Bo: 1, Gyo % Uypw K, Ky _1 (1 32 20 \100 _ X= Xa = +=5-= | =0,05 05 0,5)360 Una Uae) 8 Ky Simos ) 32 )100 zr 360 - Dign khang ctia dudng day lién lac voi hé théng: x , 5, oe 2° U3, Déi véi dubng day truyén tai ta 6: Xo = 0,4 (Q/Km) 4 9p 100, 2 230 Suyra: X= = 0,083 20Tinh dong ngdn mach tai cic diém: I)Biém ngin mach N *So dé thay thé tinh todn va Xv doi: Xv 2 —-onr eo our NI kui | | Xs Xo of x Xx xx [] x Ei xsl] xi Xu L] xis [x2 Xs - . °o EB BE FE Ep Ess Xw °) - HT a) NI Xa N7 Xv Xn Emo—e4 4 B40 i HT Bu Xn En Hinh 3.3 Tir so dé hinh trén ta bién déi 0,1416 + 0,0611 = 0,2027 X3+Xu_ = 0,1416 + 0,0585 = 0,1966 Xi7= X4 +X12 = 0,1416 + 0,0585 = 0,1966 X2 +Xs =0,1416 + 0,0611 = 0,2027 X15 +Xu4 = 0,0945 + 0,0031 = 0,09760.2027 = 01013, 0,1966 2 4= X20 +X23 = 0,0138 + 0,0999 = 0,1134 Tigp tuc bin déi : Xas= Xopil Xoy = AeA - OA OU +X,, 01013 +0,1134 X26 =X21 +X2s = 0,0027+0,0535=0,0562 = 0,0983 = 0,0535 * Tinh dong ngdn mae! . - Qui déi dign khang do cae may phat cung e4p: DSan = 0,0562 SATS «9967 ugn can X= Xn +0,07 = 0,3967 + 0,07 = 0,467 Tra dung cong tinh todn trén hinh 3-6, trang 35, va tram bién 4p”- PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai — NXB Ha Noi mach: I*o : I'v =14,, Tygp = 2.58 AAT6S _ 4579 (KA) 3.230 - Dong ngin mach do hé théng cung cdp: Tir = la 0251 —_-osn (KA) X,, 0.0976, - Dong ng&n mach téng: 2571 +4484 =7,02 (KA) IK gp I"y) = V2.18.7,02 = 17,87 (KA) Ty, = QI"x, =1.52. 7,02 = 1067 (KA) -Trong dé: ; Kye 1,8 va q-1,52 trang 39 sich “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién ap”- PGS Nguyén Hiu Khai - NXB Ha Noi. 222) Diém ngiin mach Nz: So dé thay thé tinh toan va bién déi a) b) Xi >———_+-o Xi HT tour Xw U x, x 0 Xe q 2 Xw N2 Ey Xis Xie Xa Xis r xz. Xn ° ° E E. E Bs Bs En Eis d) N7 xu Emo—e4 4 B40 HT En Esa Hinh 3.4 Tw so dé hinh trén ta bién di Xis= Xi +Xo = 0,1416 + 0,0611 = 0,2027 Xis= Xs +X =0,1416 + 0,0585 = 0,1966 01416 + 0,0611 = 0,2027 = Xin +X1« = 0,0945 + 0,0031 = 0,0976 ép tye bign déi X00 =X1/l Xs = * 0.0277 0.0138 Xo1 =X5 // Xo = X= 2955 _ o.0027 2° 2 Xa =Xis i Kis = = 02077 _ 9.1013 Xos =Xi6i Xr = X= 91966 _ 90983 X24 = X19 +Xa1 = 0,0976 + 0,0027 = 0,1003 23Ap dung phép bién déi sao ludi . , Bién d6i sao ( X20,X22,X24) thanh ludi (X25,X26,X30). Do coi 2 dau X30 14 dang 4p nén khOng tinh todn va dura X30 tham gia vao so 6, X49X. 5.0.) Xa5=Xqy + Xyy + A0%aa - 9.0135 + 0,013 + 20155-04015 = 0.1284 Xe _ 9.0135 +0,1003 + 20195:0108 _ 9 1971 0.1013 0,0983 0.1284 _ 4 56g 0,0983 +0,1284 * Tinh dong ngan mach: ~ Qui déi dign khang do cae may phat cung WS mri X, =X 5 — = 0.0861 4.176. Tra dudng cong tinh todn trén hinh 3-6, trang 35, sach “thiEt kE nha may di va trAm Hitu Khai — NXB Ha N6i . Ta duge bGi sé dong nj mach:I*o = 2,54 ; Pa = 2,59 - Dong ngin mach do cée may phat cung ef S, T y oo osa 417 9,002 (KA) ‘ BU, vB4IS 2 4.1765 Te =T*, Tage = 259. =9.18 (KA : Tans 8 (KA) - Dong ngin mach do hé théng cung Ir =p 2 = 0502. 1 = 3949 KA) X, 01271 - Dang ngin mach tong : "a= Iue +I", = 3,949 +902 = 12.969 (KA) 3,129 (KA) - Dong ngin mach xung kich ig = V2K gI"y, = V2.18.12.96 9 = 33,014 (KA) Ty, =I" y, = 1,52. 12,969 = 19,713 (KA) -Trong dé: Kyel,8 va q=1,52 trang 39 sich “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién ap”- PGS Nguyén Hiu Khai - NXB Ha Noi. 243) Diém ngdin mach Ni: So dé tinh toan ‘N3 Ei o 4h ¥ Hinh 3.5 = 0416 125 — 02199 100 Ses - Déi voi may phat c6 cudn can X= Xu +0,07 = 0,2419 + 0,07 = 0,32 ‘Tra duimg cong tinh toan trén hinh 3-6, trang 35, sich “' nha may va tram bién dp”- PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai - NXB Ha Noi . Ta dugc bdi sé dong ngin mach: I) = 3,7; Tn =3,1 - Dang ngan mach do cdc may phat cung cap: 5, 1765 T'yy= 1%) Tggp = Ip SEE = 3,7. A — = 23,988 (KA) pe oe BU as V3.15,75 1765 I's =31 2005 (KA) V3.15,75 (KA) - Dong ngdn mach xung kich: ig = V2K gy, = V2.1,93.23,9 38 = 65,339 (KA) Ty, = @I"y, = 165.2393 8 = 39,497 (KA) -Trong dé: Ku=1,93 va q =1,65 trang 39 sach “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién 4p”- PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai - NXB Ha N6i. 254) Diém ngiin mach Na: So dé thay thé tinh toan va bién déi a) b) Xis Xi >on >———1_}+—OntT Xv Xo 40 wl) Xe x Xi Xs Xv Xv “O x2 [xa 4s N } A de> Ew E Ew Eu E> 9 Xs HT Ex 9 Xa Xs HT Oo—L 1 —_L1+—_0 Xs Xo Xa |__- Xn Ew ;—}—O X26 Xs EM Xn Xe o—c}+—+ NA @ Xs » ep” Eau Ens Xa Xo HT Xe e) NA 8) Hinh 3.6 26Xis=Xs +X =0,1416 + 0,0585 = 0,1966 0.1416 + 0,0611 ,0945 + 0,0031 = 0,2027 0976, Tiép tue bién di X19 =Xis// Xie= Xs = SES = 0.0983 Bién doi Y (Xz, Xs, Xis) thainh A (X20, X21, X22). 0,0277 0,027 10,0999 = 0,0277 +0,0083 + 2.0277 0.0983 _ 9 >43 0,027 0,0277 + 0,027 + ,063 X= X, +X +X = 0,027 +0,0983 - 90277 0,0983 _ 0,2243 x 0.0277 0,2027 0,243, 0,2027 + 0,2243 Bién déi A (Xs, X1o, X20) than Y (X24, X2s, X20). __XyXq —___0,0055.0,063 X,4+Xig+Xq, 0,055 +0,0055 + 0,063 Xa = Xu // Xa = A486 a = 0,0046 XyXt0 0,0055.0,0055 Xyt+Xyy+Xs_ 0,0055 +0,0055 +0,063 XoXo 0,0055.0,063 X+Xq+Xoq — 0,0055 +0,0055 +0,063 Xo7= X23 +Xo4 = 0,4486 + 0,0046 = X23 = Xis +X2s = 0,0976 + 0,0004 = 0, Bién di Y ( X1s,X1s,Xos) thanh A (X27,X2s,X3s). Do coi 2 dau X3s 1a nén khéng tinh todin va dua X3s tham gia vao so dé. XaeX oy 0,0046..0, X29=Xqg + Xap + = 0,0046 +0,4532 + X50= Xap + Xay + 322%. = 0.0086 «0,008 4 2.0046-0.0°8 _ * Xx, 0,4532, X6X, 26-X a7 0,1421 .0,2094 = 0,0846 Xa +Xqy 01421 +0,2004 . Tiép tuc bién ddi Y ( Xos,Xos,X2s) thanh A (X30,X31,Xs6). Do coi 2 dau Xs6 1a ding ap nén khéng tinh ton va dua X36 tham gia vao so 46. Xoo X, 0,0046 .0,0981 1 Xyy + 229%. — 0.0046 4-0,0981 4-2-0016. 0.0981 _ 9 10g - X, 0,0846 X31 = X22 // X29 = Xai Kas + Xyy + 22% — 0,00H6 +-0,0846 + 2OM6.0.086 _ 6 yay Xs 0.0981 L 0.4275 +0,0931 X32 = X21 // X31 = = 0,0764 27| p tuc bién doi Y ( Xs,Xs0,.Xs1) thanh A (Xs2,Xs3,Xs6). Do coi 2 du Xs 18 ding 4p nén khéng tinh todn va dua X36 tham gia vao so 46. XX. Xi0=X,+Xyy + 22% — 0.0611 +0,1066 +2001 01066 _ 9 2499 Xs 0.0792 Xn X, +X, + 2X - 0.0611 +0,0792 + LOOUL0.OT? _ 9 1356 Xs 0.1066 * Tinh dong ngan mach: Seni 3.1765 X,=Xy= ° = 0,9827 ss = 0,1856 S, Doi v6i may phat c6 cudn cin X= Xu +0,07 = 0,9827 + 0,07 = 1,0527 Tra duéng cong tinh toan trén hinh 3-6, trang 35, sach “Thiét ké nha may va tram bién ap”- PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai — NXB Ha Néi. Ta duge bi sé dong ng: mach: [*9 = 0,98 ; I*» = 1,25 - Dang ngan mach do cdc may phat cung WSins 3.1765 T= 1%) Lege a 98, =” = 19,022 (KA) V3Uy; 3.15.75 3.1765 I'e =1*, [ggg = 125, "= 24,262 (KA) 3.15.75 «A) ~ Dang ngin mach do hé théng cung Ter =a = 3665. <1 = 14665 (KA) Xi, 0.2499 - Dong ngin mach tong: Iyy +I", = 14,665 +19022 = 33,687 (KA) 14,665 + 24262 = 38,927 (KA) - Dong ngén mach xung kich: ig, = V2K yI"y) = V2.1.8.33,68 7 = 85,753 (KA) QT 1 = 152.3368 7 = 51,204 (KA) =1,8 va q=1,52 trang 39 sich “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién p”- PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai - NXB Ha Ni. 5) Diém ngdn mach Ns: . Dong ngdn mach tai Ns bing tng 2 dong ngin mach tai Ns vaNs nhu vay: * Tinh dong ngin mach : =I'xs +I",, = 23,615 + 33,687 = 57,302 (KA) T'ns =I"xs +1°xe = 20,057 +38,927 = 58,984 (KA) - Dong ngin mach xung kich: ing tvs thugs = 64,455 +85,753 = 150,198 (KA) Lug = Laws +L as = 38,964 + 51,204 = 90,1487 (KA) 286) Diém ngin mach Ne So dé thay thé tinh todn va bién déi : a) Xe b) p>——_}+— BT Xo [ Xa Xi xn N Xs i Xa Xs] xX En Es Ey ©) d) HT’ HT’ Xo Xv Xx NG Xn N§ Xa Xi xX Xas Xa En EB Es Eis Ey x: NO Xe ° Enno 23, 2 By 0 HT Hinh 3.7 Xis=Xi+Xs = 0,1416 + 0,0611 = 0,2027 X= X3+Xu = 0,1416 + 0,0583 = 0,1999 X2+Xs = 0.1416 + 0,0611 = 0.2027 Xis +Xis = 0,0945 + 0,0031 = 0,0976 X19 =X7/Xp= Xr = O27 _gorsg 2 2 X20 = Xo / X= ~ Xa = Xs Xx X22 = X1s +X20 = 0,0976 + 0,0027 = 1003 , tuc bién ddi Y ( X1o,X21,X22) thanh A (X23,X24 ding 4p nén khéng tinh ton va dua X20 tham gia vao so d6. 290.0135 +0,1013 + 20195 0,0135.0,1003, 0.1013 = 0,0135 +0,1003 + X-Xo9 Xigt Xo . Tigp tue bién doi Y ( X12,X24,Xos) thanh A (X25,Xo7,Xs1). Do coi 2 diu Xs 1a ding ap nén khéng tinh ton va dua Xs: tham gia vao so 46. Xas = Xie // X23 = Xrs=Xyp 4X, + 2X24 — 0.0583 40,271 + 2083-00271 _ 9 ag 0.0781 Xm=X,, +X, +22 %2t — 00583 +0,0781 + 2083-07) _ 9 1799 Xa 01271 Nog = Xj / Xp = KeX en __01416.01722 +X,, 01416 +0172 * Tinh dong ngdn mach: DSee 4.1765 = 0,077 = 0,5485 Déi vi may phat cd cudn can X= Xu 40,07 = 0,5485+ 0,07 = 0,6185 Tra duimg cong tinh todn trén hinh 3-6, trang 35, séch “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién 4p”- PGS Nguyén Hitu Khdi - NXB Ha NOi . Ta duge bdi s6 dong ngan mach: Ip = 1,73 ;The= - Dong ngin mach do cdc may phat cung c4j DS ean ViUa INP = 44,772 (KA) - Dang ngan mach do hé yn = Tey = 3665, — Xoe a 713.08 (KA) - Dong ngin mach tong : 08 +.44,772 = 57825 (KA) lr + Ir = 13,08 +51,759 = 64,839 (KA) mach xung kich : iy =V2Ky v2.4 Ie =al's, 82 5=157,84(KA) 4p”- PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai - NXB Ha NGi. 30Bang 3.1. BANG KET QUA TINH TOAN NGAN MACH Diem - Ui | r ink Tax PA Mach diga (Ky) | aka) | okay |_akay_| aKa) Cao ap 220 | 7.02 | 7.144 [17.87 | 10.67 Trung 4p 115_| 12,969 | 13,129 | 33,014 | 19,713 Ha 4p MBA lién lac 15,75 | 23,938 | 20,057 | 65,938 | 39,497 a Ha ap MBA lién lac 15,75 | 33,687 | 38,927 | 85,753 | 51,204 Mach phy tai Sur, ty ding 57,302 | 58,984 | 150,198 | 90,148 Mach néi b6 phia trung 57,852 | 64,839 | 157.9 _| 95,455 3.2. XAC DINH XUNG LUQNG NHIET CUA DONG BIEN NGAN MACH 3.2.1. Nguyén tic chung: Xung long nhiét dic trumg cho lugng nhigt tod ra trong khi cu dign ing voi thdi gian tac dOng cia dong dién ngin mach, duge xac dinh theo biéu th By = Bycx + Bykcx GA) Trong dé | . * Bycx = (I?n)*-te: Xung Iugng nhiét cua dong dign ngn mach thanh phan chu Ki + tra: Thoi gian tuong duong thanh phan chu ki cua dong ngin mach : a= ee z 1 );1 1a thai gian tin tai ngdn mach, gan ding I 0,12 (6). J + In: Dong dién ngén mach én dinh. + Ty: Dong ngén mach siéu qua d * Byxcx = (Iy)*. Ta.(i-e™ ): Xung lvong nhigt cua dong ngén mach thanh phan khéng chu ki, +7, = 4: Hing sé thoi gian twong duong cia néi dign. Trong luéi ign lin hon 1000(V) thi T. = 0,05 (s). +Vi 12 (s) nén e™ Suy ra: Byxex = (Is) Tinh xung lrgng nhigt cho phuong an 2: a) Diém ngdn mach Nr: I'yy 7,02 —~ =o; Ty 7144 Tra dudng cong tinh toan hinh 3-2, trang 30 sich “TI nha may dign va tram bién dp” cia PGS Neuyén Hitu Khai — NXB Ha NGi, ta duge : tes = £(0,9;0,12) = 0,07(8) Vay : Bui = (7,144)?.0,07 + (7,02)*.0,05 = 6,036 (KA.s) Tacé: p'= 315) Diém ngiin mach Nz: 969 te Tra duéng cong tinh toan hinh 3-2, trang 30 sach “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién dp” cua PGS Neuyén Hitu Khai ~ NXB Ha NGi, ta duge: tu =£(0,99;0,12) = 0,08(s) Vay: Buz = (13,129)?.0,08 + (12,969)*.0,05 = 22,2 (K, ) ©) Diém ngin mach Ns Tacé: gr= La = 3.615 Tz, 20,057 Tra dudng cong tinh toan hinh 3-2, trang 30 s r nha may dign va tram bién 4p” ciia PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai ((1,18;0,12) = 0,12 (s) 20,057)*.0,12+ (23,615)*.0,05 = 76,157 (KA?s) =118 d) Diém ngan mach Ns: Ty 33,687 Tk, 38,972 Tra duéng cong tinh todn hinh tram bién 4p” cua PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai tu = £(0,87;0,12) = 0,06(s) Vay: Bxa = (38,972)?.0,06 + (33,687)?.0,05 = 147,659 (KA?s) Ta cé: trang 30 séch “Thiét ké nha may dign va NBX Ha N6i, ta duge : e) Diém ngiin mach Ns: Tra dudng cong tinh ton hinh 3-2, trang 30 séch “Thiét tram bién dp” cua PGS Neuyén Hitu Khai ~ NXB Ha NGi, ta duge : tes = £(0,97;0,12) = 0,07 (s) Vay: Bus = (58,984)".0,07 + (57,302)7.0,05 = 407,714(KAs) Sf) Diém ngén mach Ne: Ta c6; pr Lise — 57882 Tis 64,839 Tra dudng cong tinh toan hinh 3-2, trang 30 s tram bién 4p” cia PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai - NXB Ha Ni ty = £(0,89;0,12) = 0,07(s) Vay: Bro = (64,839)*. 0,07 + (57,852)?.0,05 = 461,629 (KA?.s) = 0,89 ich “Thiét ké nha may dign va ta duge 32Bang 3.2. BANG TONG HOP KET QUA TINH TOAN XUNG NHIET pa | Diém | Tinh xung trong nhigt | Usn | inn Tx By NM cho mach (KV) | (KA) | (KA) | (KA2s) Ni_[Cao ap 220_| 17.87 | 10,67 [6,036 N2_| Trung 4p 11s_[ 33,014 [19,713 [22.2 ny [Ns [le ap MBA Tign Tae 15,75 | 65,938 [39,497 [76,157 Ns_[Ha 4p MBA lién lac 15,75 [ 85,753 _[ 51,204 | 147,659 Ns _| Mach phy tai Sur, ding | 15,75 | 150,198 | 90,148 [407,714 No_| Mach néi b6 phia trung 15,75 [_ 157.9 _[ 95,455 [461,629 33CHUONG 4: TINH CHON KHi CU DIEN VA CAC PHAN TU CO DONG DIEN CHAY QUA 4.1. GIOL THIEU CHUNG: ___ Trong cae thiét bj phan phéi dign ngudi ta ding céc loai khi cy dign khée nhau 48 dong mé mach dién, do Iuéng... Ching duge néi véi nhau bang thanh dan, thanh g6p theo so dé ndi dign nhat dinh. Tiy theo chite nang dam nh§n, khi cu dign duge phan thanh cae nhém sau: 1. Khi cy dién chuyén mach nhu may cat dign, dao cach ly. 2. Khi cy dign bao vé khi c6 qua dong hay qua dp nhu cdu chi, thiét bi chéng sét, 3. Khi cy dign han ché dong ngén mach nhu dién tré phy, khang dién. 4. Khi cy dign do hing nhu bién ding, bién dién ap. Céc khi cy dién va day din, thanh gép tuy 06 khdc nhau vé chite nang nhung déu c6 yéu cdu chung [a ching phai duge én dinh nhigt, én dinh déng khi cé dong ngan mach di qua. 4.2. SO BO TINH TOAN: TBPP 220 KV TBPP 110 KV B3 8 B4 8 BOA) FCO) K3 Bl FI 15,75 KV Ka ’ 6 6MW 10MW 6MW 10MW 10MW 6MW yyw Hinh 5.1 344.3. TINH DONG DIEN LAM VIEC CUGNG BUC PHUONG AN 2: 4.3.1 Mach cao ap phia 220 KV: a. Nhanh dwéng day lién lac véi hé théng: —1 Siu _ 1 210 Ty 7 Fe =F Fao 75 [KA] Voi Stumax cn ett vao bang 1.6 Tey = 2c = 2.0,275 = 0,55 [KA] b. Dudng day kép ciia phy tai 220 KV: 1 Prous 50 las + = 0.077 [KAI 2° V3u, 2 ¥3.220.0.85 [KA] Tey = 2.Ini = 2.0,077 = 0,154 [KA] ¢. Duong day don ciia phy tai 220KV: 1,, = tess = 2 __ 0,062 [Kl V3Udm 3.220.085 d. Phia cao 4p MBA lién lac Bi, Ba: K,,8 = KavcSine 12360 15 [KA] e. Thanh gép cao 4p 220 KV: Ky, = KevcSinn 12300 15 [KA] Vou, V3.220 So sinh dong cudng bite trong cae truéng hop trén ta chon Ie» = 1,13[KA] dé tinh chon khi cy dign cho mach 220KV. 4.3.2 Mach trung 4p 110 KV: a, Dung day kép cita phy tai LIOKV: = 1 Priteymax 1 80 1, == = 0,246 [KA] 2° V3Udm 2 V3.110.0,85 Tey = 2. = 2.0,246 = 0,49 [KA] b. Duong day don cia phy tai 110KV: pp = eso 293 KA] V3.Udm 3.110.085 ¢. Cun trung ap MBA lién lac B3, B4: - Truéng hop su cé MF-MBA B3(B4), céng sudt ln nhat cé thé truyén qua cu6n trung, la: 447 ~a7es-42] =274,03 [MVA] - Truémg hop su cé 1 MBA lién lac céng suat lén nhat c6 thé truyén qua phia trung 1a: Stomax = Surmax - 2.(Samr4 - Stdmaxt4) 35= 447 - 2.(176,5 - 14,12 4 ) = 101,06 [MVA] So sdnh ta chon Srimax dé tinh dong cudng bite Sra _ 274,08 N3u, V3.110 bo MBA Bs, Ba: Sune _ 176 N3U,, V3.110 Icb = 1,05.0,92 = 0,97 So sah cdc dong cudng bite trong cdc truéng hgp trén ta léy le = 1,43[KA] dé tinh Iya chon khi cy dign cho mach 110 KV. e. Thanh gép: 12S iuy — 12.360 Bu, V3.110 4.3.3 Mach hg dp 15,75 KV: + Phy tai cdp dign 4p may phat: a. Duong diy kép: 1 1,43 [KA] d. Mach 0.92 [KA] = 23 [KA] 5 1 Preps _ 1 10 I, = =e = = = 0,23 [KAT 2V8U ny 2 V3.15,75.08 KA] Tey = 2.x = 2.0,23 = 0,46 [KA] b. Dung day don: ¢. Mach ty ding: 1, == =0,3 (KA] VU yyy V3AS.TS [KA] Te = 1,08 Tic = 1,05.6,472 = 6,8 [KA] So sdnh céc dong cudng bite trén ta chon Tes = 6,8 [KA] dé tinh chon khi cy dign cho mach cép dign 4p may phat. £. Bang sé ligu két qua tinh dong cong bite dé chon khi cy dign theo bing 4.1 Bang 4.1 Mach 6 cap 220 110 MF-MBA ‘ van Ty ding dign ap (KV] 0 eo Kiém tra: Kié é Kiém tra én dinh lye dign dOng isasam2 ine tra én dinh nl ahdm-tahdm > By Dua vao két qua tinh todn ta chon duge may ct va dao cach ly c6 théng sé nhu cdc bang sau: Bang 4.2. Thong sé ¥ thudat may cit " i Digu kign tinh ton (Cie thong s6 djnh mae cia mgt ct tén | Diém > " mach | xm | Um | fe | Vo [Tx | Losimay | Us [ten | Lam | toe |p “ (KV) | (KA) | (KA) | (KA) it (KV) | (KA) | (KA) ‘ev 5 MI-20- a7 Haap | No | 15,75 | 68 | 9053] 137 | gsooso00 | 2° | 95 | 190 | 300 | *b 37Bang 4.3. Thong sé ky thuat dao cach ly x a Dicu kign tinh ton ‘Cie théng 56 dinh mie ciia dao cach h Ben | Bm Go] te | ia | Dwocich | Um | im) be | ls Jo NM Lexy) | cxay | kay | KA) h ky) | «ay | aka) | aka) | (8) ; | PBK Hadp | N6 | 15,75} 68 | 57,852 | 95.455 | sor ry5q9 | 20 | 125 | 200 | 70 | 10 4.4.2. Chon thanh gop, thanh dan, > cip dign lye: Thanh gép, thanh fi va tram bien 4p. Thanh theo mot so ngudi ta c6 thé ding thanh din mém hojc hinh ding va kich thuée rat khée nhau, Yéu céu chung dé véi ching 1a din bi rong nha, gidm ich ngoai trdi, ngudi ta thug ding nhiéu cae day din mém nhiéu sgi kiéu van xoan bang déng hoge nhém Iai thép. 4.4.2.1. Chon thanh dan tie dau cic mdy phat dén may bién ép: A:Dogn trong nh 1. Diéu kién chon: Ta chon thanh dn cting bang dong, tiét dign hinh mang. Thanh din duge chon theo digu kign phat néng lu dai: 1, = Ki. Kolp> le Trong dé. I,, la dong dién cho phép ciia thanh din sau khi da qui ddi vé diéu kign lam thyc té K, li hé sé higu chinh theo nhiét d} mdi trudng, chon Ki = 0,90. K, la hé s6 higu tg gan, chon thanh din cimg hinh mang nén K> = 0,95. = 1, = KiKrly> lo ly> K.K, = 7,945 KA. thong s6 nhu bang 4.4: Bing 44 Kish thude, mm | Tide | MO™ent6 Khing, | Momem quia nb, | Ding dign Mery Hai x = Hai chovtnép alo le |e |e [etiam [than | MEN | rants | hai mm? ]¥*]%>) Wrose | Jen | Sor | tree | Me 175| 80 | # | 12 | 2440 [123| 25 | 250 [1070[ 114 | 2190 | 8550 38Hinh 4.2 2. Kiém tra 6n dinh nhigt: Kiém tra én dinh nhiét theo digu kign tiét dign cho phép: Schon 2 Smin = ~ Trong dé. Seton li tiét dign ctia thanh din edn kiém tra én dinh nhigt. MACH 629 10% = 125,64 mm? 171 2440 = 4880 mm? > 125,64 mm? chon théa man diéu kién 6n dinh nhiét 3. Kiém tra én dinh dong: Kiém tra én dinh déng bing phuong phap don gién hoa. Theo phuong phap nay, ta coi méi nhip thanh dan (phan thanh dan gitta hai str gan nhat) c6 chiéu dai 1 1 mét dam tinh, khi ngin mach thanh dan cl ic dong cla mét Iyc khéng doi Fi; va bing lye cyc dai khi ngin mach ba pha tinh voi pha gitta. Méi thanh din hinh mang gom hai thanh din hinh chér U ghép lai véi nhau, nén tmg suat trong thanh dan gdm hai phan o1 va 02. Ta c6: it o2 (KG/em’). on Trong dé: 01 i tg sudt do dong dién 2 Ia img sudt do dong dign trong hai thanh dan cling pha téc dng voi nhau sinh ra. nhau sinh ra. - Xae dinh oi: 39Lue dign dong gitta cde pha sinh ra: Fi=18.107.4 ° KG) qin (KG) Trong dé. ig) 1a ding dign xung kich khi ngén mach ba pha (tai diém N8). iQhe= 159,9 KA. ali khoang cach gitta cdc thanh d 1) 1a chiéu dai cia mét nhip thanh dan, chon 1; = 130 cm. , chon a= 60 em. > Fi= 18.10.22 159.97 = 988,44 KG, Mémen uén tac dung lén thanh dan khi sé nhip 1én hon 2: 988,44.130 10 M = 12849,732 KGem. 10 Mémen chéng uén iia thanh dan: W1 = Wyoyo= 250 em? Ung suit trong thanh ~- Xae dinh o2: Luc téc dong trén mét don vi chiéu dai cua thanh dan (1 em): f= 051.1072 ©” (KG/em). Trong dé, h la chigu cao thanh din, h= 15 em. = f=0,51.107 x 159,9 = 7,45 KG/em. Dé gidm img suat trén thanh din ngudi ta dat cde miéng dém cach nhau mot khoang 2 trong khodng gitta hai str lién nhau cua m@t pha. Luc tac dong Jén doan thanh dan gitra 2 migng dém lién tiép c6 chigu dai le: P= fale Mémen uén tae dong lén thanh dan: 45.130.130 12 12 12 Mémen chéng uén cita tiét dién ngang thanh dan: Wo = Wy.y= 25 cm? = 10492,083 (KG.cm). = 10492083 _ 419,683 (KG/em?). - Diéu kién 6n dinh déng cia thanh dan la: Ou = 014 02 S Gp. 1,397 + 419,683= 471,08 < 1400 (KG/cm”). ou = 40. Trong d6, ozp 1a tng suat cho phép ctta vat ligu lam thanh din, déi véi dbng o 02 S Op- 01 233,037 cm. Ta thy lamer = 233,037 cm > 1 = 130 cm. _ Vay, ta khéng phai dat thm miéng dém vao gitta hai str ma van dam bao digu kign én dinh dong. _ 4. Kiém tra én dink dong cia thanh dan theo kha nang dao dong cita thanh din va sit: ‘Tan sé riéng cia thanh dan cé hinh dang bat ky duge xac fe 56 [EJ.10° (Hz). \ Sy nhu sau: Trong dé: 1a do i thanh dan gitta hai sit gan nhau. = 130 (cm) E la modul din hdi cia vat ligu thanh da E=1,1.10°KGiem* thanh din bang déng J la mémen quén tinh ctia thanh din déi véi truc thing géc véi phuong uén 1260 em’, Iuong rigng cia vat li éu lam thanh dan yeu = 8,93 g/cm’, dign ngang cia 1 thanh dan, S = 2440 mm? = 24,4 cm’. _——— 10.2190 10% 495,275 Hz. 2.24,4.8,93 Ta thay, tan s6 dao dOng riéng f, = 495,275 Hz nim ngoai khoang (45 - 55)Hz va (90 - 110) Hz nén digu kign én dinh dng khi c6 xét dén dao dong rigng duge thoa man. Vay thanh dan di chon théa man didu kign kiém tra. B: Bogn ngoai tr 1. Diéu kién chon: 193 Tye le = 8M 7,548 KA = 7548 A. 0.9.1 Ta chon day din mém theo diéu kign phat néng lau dai cho phép: Ta chon mét bé day din gém 6 day cho 1 pha logi AC-700/86 c6 ep = 6 x 11220 = 8540 A. 2. Kiém tra én dinh nhigt khi ngin mach: Kiém tra én dinh nhiét theo diéu kién tiét dién cho phép: 41Vay thanh dan da chon théa man diéu kign én dinh nhiét 3. Kiém tra diéu kign ving quang: Déi véi cp dign Ap 15,75 KV khong cin kiém tra diéu kign vang quang. Vay thanh din da chon théa man céc digu kign kiém tra, 4.4.2.2. Chon cap va day dan cho phu tai cp dign dp may phat 15,75 KV: iéu kign chon. Tiét dign ca day din duge chon theo m4 d6 dong dign lam viéc kinh té: Trong dé, J la mat 46 dong dién kinh té, phy thudc va0 Trax. DP.At, 365 = = —— (70.10 + 80.4 + 100.6 + 90.4) = 7227 h. SP. 100 +h dién XLPE: Jus = 2 A/mm”. Doi voi cép ding . Chon cip: 1. Tink chon: Déi voi duing day kép: lee —_ fom 10.10° 2NBU yy OSG — 2V3.15,75.0.8 Top = 2.229 = 458 A = te = 2 21145 mm’, Dg 2 Ta chon cap ding 3 16i, céch dién gidy, v6 chi boc riéng cho timg pha, c6 Usm = 20 KV dat trong dat c6 théng sé sau: $= 3x 120 mm (cho 01 pha) , Iep = 3.275 A = Déi véi dwong day don: Prax 6.10° BU yn0059, V315,75.08 229A 275A In= = 137,5 mm’, 42Vay, déi vei duéng day don Tra “S6 tay Iya chon thiét bi dign 0,4 dén 500 KV” tac gid: Ngo Hong Quang chon 1 soi cap déng 3 10i, cdch dign XLPE, dit trong dat c6 théng s6 sau: S = 3x150 mm’, [ep = 315A. 2. Kiém tra cép theo diéu kign phat nong lau dai: 4) Kiém tra phat néng cia cép theo dong dign lam vige binh thicing: I, = Ki Kelp > I Trong a: cho phép ciia thanh dn sau khi da qui déi vé digu kign lam vi higu chinh theo nhi higu chinh theo s 0,93. = I, = KiKakp2 In. 49 méi trudng, chon Ki = 1 cp dat song song; véi khoang cAch 300 mm, néu - Déi voi duang day kép: 1k = 229 A. = Ki Keep = 1.0,93.3.275 = 767 A > [= 229 A - Déi voi dudng day don. 123 215A. I, = Ki.Kolep = 11.315 =315 A> I= 275 A Vay cép di chon théa man diéu kign phat néng theo dong dign lam viée binh thuing. 5) Kiém tra phét nong ciia cép theo dong dign lim vigc cwing bite: Kid, > le. Trong dé, K;* la hé s6 mang tai cho phép ciia cap khi sy Déi véi cép cé vo cdch dign dim bao, néu binh thudng dong dign 1am vié khong qué tdi 80% Z,, thi khi su cé ¢é thé cho phép cap qué tai 130% trong thei gian khong qué 5 ngay dém. é s6 mang tai hic binh thung ctta cép: Ju = 2 109 =30% 767 => Ku < 80% do dé Ky = 1,3. = Kgl, = 3.3.275 1072 A > In=458 A Vay cap da chon théa man diéu kign phat néng theo ding dign lam viée cudng bite. 3. Kiém tra én dinh nhigt cia cap: Diéu kién sé duge kiém tra sau khi chon khang dién duéng day. B. Chon day din cho phy tai dia phuong: 431. Diéu kign chon: Ta chon day dn theo Si: va diéu kign phat néng lau dai cho phi _Tra séch “T ign trong nha may dign va tram bit Nguyén Hou Khai, déi voi day din bing nh6m Idi thép thi Jy = 1 A/mm’, ap” cia PGS Dung day kép: 229 Ses Ht = So = 229 mm? Top > Top = 458 A Ducting day don: fos oI = 275 mm? 275 A, Doi véi dung day kép, ta chon day nhém AC-300/48 c6 cp = 690 A. Doi véi dudng day don, ta chon day nhém AC-120/19 c6 c6 Ip = 305 A. 2. Kiém tra én dinh nhigt khi ngin mach: Digu kign sé duge kiém tra sau khi chon khang dign dudng day 3. Kiém tra diéu kign ving quang: Déi véi cp dign dp 15,75 KV khéng can kiém tra diéu kign vang quang, 4.4.3. Chon sit: ___ Sit duge ding dé gitt cde day dan tran. Do dé, sit phai chiu duge dign ap lon nhdt 06 thé d3t lén day din, phai chiu duge tic igt cia dong dign khi Lim ‘ing nhu khi ngiin mach dong th Ong ciia méi trung lam 1. Chon sié treo cho mach 15,75 KV: Ta chon str IT - 4,5 c6 B= 2,15 KV/om, H = 170 mm, D = 270 mm Cach dign ciia sir phai dam bao cé tri sé dign ap phéng dign wét cao hon mite qué dign ap n6i b6 tinh toan, nghia la: Us2 Ugur Hoge: Us = K.Ugas Trong dé, K la hé sé xét dén kha nang phat sinh qué ap ndi bi chon cach dign thudng ldy hé sé K = 1,1 Tra bang 8-1 gido trinh “Ky thugt Dign Cao 4p” ciia tac gid VO Viét Dan, gid tri Usa» 6 edp 15,75 KV duge tinh nhu sau: 15,75 Trong tinh toan Usaab = 4,2.Upn = 4,2. = 38,19 KV.Ta c6: Uy = nEyH = K.Uyan KU,» _ 11.3819 Sn=— EH = 1,15 bat 245.17 Vay, ta chon chudi sit gm 2 bat str cho str treo va chudi str gém 3 bat cho sit néo. 2. Chon sit dé cdc thanh din ctens Sit dé duge chon theo cdc digu kign sau: ai str: Sit duge dit trong nha hay ngoai Jams = Use = 15,75 KV. - Kiém tra diéu kién 6n dinh dong: Fa < Fep = 0,6Fp Trong do: Fep Ia lyte cho phép tac dung lén - ign 4 Wt, KG. Fp la lye pha hoai dinh mite cia sit, KG. Fe 1a lye tinh toin ding tri qui déi vé dau sé (0-4 H Hinh 4.3 Chon loai sit cé cdc thong s6 nhu bang 4.5: Bang 4.5 Dign ap, KV Lye pha resist — onmge | DBE | hmmm, | Cibuca, Dinh mic | trang thai | nhdt khi uén. mm khé, tinh, KG. O@P-20-3000Y3 15,75, 75 3000 206 Ta cé: F, = 988,44 KG. h =175 mm. H = 206 mm. 45/ | 206 3) 988,44, —_=+ => Fr 1408,287 KG. Fy = 0,6.Fps = 0,6.3000 = 1600 KG. Vay Fu théa man yéu cau 6n dinh dong. 3. Chon sie xuyén tiedng: Véi sit xuyén khi chon ta dya vao cée digu kign: - Dign Ap: Usns > Une. ~ Dong ign: lis > Ives. Tacé: Une = 15,75 (KV) 10" = 6.7934 (KA) _ Vy ta chon sit xuyén cho thanh din logi: T-15,75-7000-6000 06 cdc thong sO sau: Uam = 15,75 KV; Iam = 7000 A; Fp, = 6000 KG. 464.4.4. Chon khang dign dung dy: Khang dign duéng day c6 téc dung han ché dong ngin mach hodc han cl dign khoi dong ciia dong co trong cae mach cong suat 1én nhim chon duge khi cu hang nhe va nang cao dign dp du trén thanh gép khi ngéin mach trén duimg day, 1. Diéu kign chon va kiém tra: Ap: Uank = Unang + Dong dign: Iimk 2 len + Kiém tra AU% khi Lim viée binh thudng, cudng bite. + Kiém tra diéu kién 6n dinh dong: isss > ik + Kiém tra didu kign én dinh nhiét: 2,1, 2 B TBPP 220 KV TBPP 110 KV 2 Bl B2 B3 B4 FI F2 15,75 KV F3 e~ ie) K4 6MW 10MW6MW 10MW 10MW 6MW10MW 6MW Hinh 4.4 2. Lap bang phn bé cong sudt qua khang: Bang 4.6 Khéng Phy tai (MVA) KI K2 K3 Ka Binh thudng [16 16 16 16 Su cd KI 0 21 21 16 Sy cb K2 21 0 16 21 Sy cb K3 21 16 0 21 Syed K4 16 21 21 0Dang dign lam vige binh thudng qua khang dign: Pela = 0,733 KA. 5.08 VEU gu 0086 Dang dign cudng bite qua khang dign: Pisa © BU «COS Tra sach “Thiét ké phan dign trong nha may dién va tram bién 4p” cua PGS Nguyén Hitu Khai, ta chon Khang dién K1, K2, K3, K4 1a PbA — 15,75 - 1500 - Xx%. 3. Xe dinh Xx %: Xx% duge xéc dinh theo diéu kign han ché dong ngin mach dén tr) sé cho phép nhim dim bao én dinh dong, én inh nhigt va kha ning cit cia may cét sau khéng dign duimg day va dam bao dign 4p du trén thanh gop phan doan. Déng thai phai dam bao tén that dign Ap trén khang dign khong duge vurgt qué tri s6 cho phép. 3.1. Xée dinh Xx1%, Xxa%, Xxs%, XxsIo: Xét khang dién K1 (K2...) ta c6 so dé thay thé ngan mach khi xay ra ngin mach tai N7 nu sau : uT 9 HT HT Xwr Z NS i K Xx Xx MC Xe & N7 ge NT N7 a Hinh 4.5, Tacé: Scb =100 MVA. Ucb = 15,75 KV. Icb = 3,665 KA. Theo tinh toan ngin mach ta c T'ys = 57,302 KA. Dién khang cua hé théng tinh dén diém ngan mach NS: Xie is = 0,0639 Voi: Xx Xu = Xur + Xk + Xe. 48Vi dign khang ciia cp rt nhé so véi dign khdn cia hé théng nén cé thé ba qua: Xu= Xun + Xx Dé dam bao kha nang cit ctia cdc may cit dia phuong va cho cp thi 6n dinh nhiét ‘vr min {edn Tanc} Trong dé: Team La dong dign cat dinh mite cia may ct dia phuong, Icam= 20 KA. Innc 14 dong 6n dinh nhiét cua cap dia phuong. Inc= ££ vie te 1 thi gian cat ngin mach cua may cit, te = 1 s. => Inc = 312088 199 = 31680 A = 31,68 KA> 20KA vi Vay chon Ty, =20KA, => Xu= fe = 3665. = 0,183. Ty 20 => Xx = Xu— Xu = 0,183 — 0,0639 = 0,119. = Xni% = Xx0% = Xx. LH 100 = 0,119, 22.100 = 4,875% Ly 3,665 Vay, ta chon Xxi% = Xxs% = 6%, thong sé ciia khang dign K1, K2, K3, K4 nhur bang 4.7. Bing 4.7 sine a Ty APK oat toa Logi khang dién fam (A) | Xx Kram) awry | acay | (KA) PbA-15,75-1500 - 6 1500 [ 6 | 0,23 | 105 [ 53 | 42 3.2, Kiém tra khang dign dé chon: 3,665 = 6%. = 0,146. 0 =f, = —le = 3 qa ka Xr +X, 0,0639 +0,1466 Ta thay I,, =17,41 KA < 20 KA. Vay khang da chon thoa man diéu kién nay. 2. Kiém tra diéu ton that dign dp AUk%: 4) Diéu kign lam vige binh thuéng: AUZ%S AUN % = 2% 49Tis AUS % = Xx% 2 sin 9 Trong dé: cose = 0,85 => sing = 0,527 0,527 = 145% < 2%. Vay AUy % < AUS % => dat 5) Diéu kign lam vige cwong bite: AUZ% < AUS % = 5% Is AUPE % = Xx% sing 1,059 1,500 Vay AUZ% dat. SAUL % = 6% 0,572 = 2,23 % < 5% 4. Kiém tra diéu kign tgo dign ép due trén thank gép khi ngin mach sau méy cit dung day: AUse% =Xx%. 12 sind> Aug % = (60 + 75% = AU nm = 6%, 124 .1=69,64% > AUZ% Vay khing dign da chon théa man diéu kign nay. 4. Kiém tra én dinh dong: ine S iae Ta c6: ing = 53 KA. ig = V2 Kecl"y7 = V2 .1,8.17,41 = 41,319 KA. Iuc= ql"y7 = 1,5.17,41 = 26,463 KA. ine = 41,319 < iva Vay khang dién da chon théa man diéu ki n én dinh dong kign Panton > Bree Bau = (I"x7)"-(tettae) = (17,4 )2.(1 + 0,5 nh-tah = 42.1 = 1764 KA2/S. Vay cdc khang dign di chon dim bao diéu kign én dinh nhi Vay cc khang dign da chon théa man tat ca cdc diéu kign kiém tra. 318,264 KAS. 5044. Phy Chon cugn dap hd quang cho mang dia phiong 15,75 kV: dia phuong gdm: +4 duong day kép x 10 MW dai 11 Km. +4 duong day don x 6 MW dai 11 Km. Téng chidu dai duéng day: Iy=4,11.244x 11 =132Km. Téng chiéu dai cap: le=(4,2+4),0,2=2,.4 Km. ‘Téng chiéu dai duéng day trén khong: Ik=Ip-lc = 132—2,4= 129,6 Km. Dong dign dung din cia duéng day trén khéng: x Ugl, 15,75.129,6 . 350 Dong dién dung dan cia cap: r= Yat 1 10 10 Dong dign dung dan cia duéng day phu tai cdp trung Ap: I= IK + If =5,83 43,78 =9,61 A Ta thay I. < 30 A nén khéng can phai dat cugn dap hé quang cho ludi 15,75 5,83 A. 4 378A, KV. 4.4.6. Chon may bién dong, may bién dign ap: i ty dong héa va kiém tra. Dé cung cap tin higu cho cdc thiét bj trén, ngudi ta dig cae may bién dong dign (BI) va cdc may bién dign ap (BU), goi chung 1a bién déng,bién p do hong. May bién dong dign (BI) la cdc may bién dong do hong, lam nhigm vu bién dong dign 1én cin do ly xuéng dong dign tigu chuan b véi ton hao va sai sé nho dé cung cdp cho cdc dung cy do luémg, bao vé role va ty dong héa trong hé théng mét cach an toan. May bién dign ap (BU) 1a may bién ap do luéng ding dé bién déi dig m6t tr} sé ndo dé Us (thudng Us > 380 V) vé mot tr sé thich hyp U2 (100; 100/ 100/3 V) dé cung cp cho cdc dung cu do luéng, bao vé role, ty dong héa, cach dign... trong mang dign. Ngoai ra, nho cé may bién dign dp, may bién dong dign ma cdc dung cy do ludng, cdc role duge cach ly véi mang dign 4p cao U, dim bio an toan cho ngudi van hanh. ap tir tra 514.4.7. Chon BI, BU cho cfip 15,75 kV: 1. Chon may bién dong (BI): LI. Biéu kign chon: May bién dang BI duge chon theo cae diéu kign: ~ Dign Ap: Usmpi > Unang = 15,75 KV 1, _ I _ 6.7934 120 12°«12 - Dong di Lamp > 662 KA - Phy tai: Zoampi > Z. - On dinh dong: V2 -kosadiam > in. - On dinh nhiét: (Knham Inndm)? ton > By. Ta chon BI dat trong nha, trén ca ba pha déu mic hinh sao va cé théng sé nhu bang 4.8 n Bang 4.8 Loai bién [ign dp Pons diem ainh a dong | KV inte, inh mite, | koa | isa | Tton So cp _|Thir cap Q TUI.1-20-1 | 15,75 6000 5 1,2 165 | 81 |31,5/4 Ta c6 phy tai cua BI nhu bang 4.9 Bang 4.9 Ta «hie Phy tai, VA ISTT Tén dung ey ky higu Pha | PhaB | PhaC 01 [Ampe ké A 05 05 05 02 [Oat mét tac dung Ww. 05 - 05 03 [Oat mét phan khan; VAR 05 5 05 04 [Oat mét tac dung ty ghi Ww 10 : 10 (05 [Oat mét phan khang ty ghi | VAR 10 - 10 06 [Oat gid ké tac dung WH 25 2. 25 07 [Oat gity ké phan khang Vath 25 25 25 Tong cong sudt 265 | 55 | 265 ‘Tir bang 4.9, ta thay pha A va C mang tai nhigu nhat $ = 26,5 VA nén lay sé ligu pha A dé tinh toan. ‘Téng tre cdc dung cu do long mic vao pha A (C): Téng tré day néi tir BI dén cdc dung cu do: Zea = Zama ~ Zee Trong do: Zeno 1a tong tre dinh mite cua phy tai BI, Zame1 = 1,2 Q. Zac 1a tng tro cdc dung cy do Zac = 1,06 2.thiét bj ta chon BU loai 3 pha 5 tru ni 1 Zea * tea =p. a a 5 Fea PE = 0175.30 ‘ O14 Na Vay, ta chon day dan ding cé tiét dign F = 4 mm? 3,75 mm’. ém tra may bién dong da chon: jém tra én dinh dong: Diéu kign: V2 KoatTiam > ine Ta c6: Kous = 165. => V2 kose.Tiam = V2 165.8 =1866,762 KA. ike = 461,629 KA < 1866,762 KA Vay BI di chon dim bao diéu kign én dinh dong. 2. Kiém tra én dinh nh Vi BI c6 Iam > 1000A nén ta khong can kiém tra 6n dinh nhiét. 2. Chon may bién dign ap (BU): May bién dign ap duge chon theo di - Dign ap: Usmpu > Umang = 15,75 KV kign sau: - Céng suat dinh mite: S2dmpu = S2 - Cap chinh xéc 0,5 ~ Vi tri dat trong nha. Dé cung cdp tin higu cho cac dung cy do ludng va kiém tra cdch din cho cdc theo YoXo/ Ta c6 phy tai cla BU nhu bang 4.10: Bang 4.10 Phy tai pha | Phy tai pha sTT Ten dung cy Loai oN ; AB a}? BC Q (w)_| (Var) |_(w)_| (Var) 01 [Vn ké 2 2 0 0 0 02 [Oat mét tac dung is [is [oo [1s [0 (03 [Oat mét phan khdn, 15 [15 [0 [15 [0 04 [Oat mét tac dung ty ghi 10 [10 [73 | 10 | 73 05 [Oat mét phan khang ty ghi[H-3180] 3 | 3 | 0 3 0 06 [Oat gid ké tac dung won| 3 | 3 | 0 3 [73 07 [Oat gisképhinkhing [H-673M]_3 | 0 | 0 3 0 08 [Tan s6 ke =340 | 3 - - [6s | - Tong cng suat a_[ 73 | 28,5 [| 7,3 53Tir bang 4.10, ta c6: ng cng suat phan khang va tac dung : Y2,. =14,6 (Var); YP, = 430). S2= 43? +14,6° =41,45( VA) cosa = © = 4145 9.96 s 43 Vay, ta chon may bién dign ap (BU) c6 théng s6 nhu bang 4.11 Bang 4.11 Loai may Dign dp dinh mie, V Cap | Cong suat bién ‘ign a ‘Cudn thir cp | Cuén thir edp | chinh| dinh mic, *n ap chinh phu xéc | VA HTMN.18 | 15,75 100 10/3, 05 [120 Chon day dan néi tie BU dén cic dung cu do: Day dn phai thoa man 2 digu kién: - Tén that dign ap trén day dan: AU < AUcp = 0,5% (vi c6 ding cong to). - Dam bao d@ bén co: Tiét dign nhé nhat d6i voi day din nhém 1a 2,5(mm?); day ding 1a 1,5(mm?), Ta chon day dan ding cé tiét dign F = 1,5 (mm’), p,, = 0,0175 (Q.mm*/m), Gia str chiéu dai day dan tir BU dén cac dung cu do 1a | = 50 m. Dién tré cua day dina: ta =p.4 =0,0175 5 0,58 (Q) 5 (Q). Vay tén that dign 4p trén day dan la: 41,45.0,58 Au% = Sx 100 = Top? 100 =0,25% < AUas% Vay may bién dign 4p (BU) da chon théa man cdc yéu cdu ky thudt. 543. So dd ndi cdc dung cy do vao may bién dong va may bién dign ap (CAp 15,75 KV VARh Wh s 3h e = > 5 So = 5 THIA-20-1 Hinh 4.6 55CHUONG 5: TINH TOAN THIET KE PHAN TU DUNG TRONG NHA MAY DIEN 5.1. GIOT THIEU CHUN Trong nha may dién, ngoai viée san xuat ra dién nang cung cdp cho cac hé tigu thy thi bin than nha may cing tiéu thy m6t lugng dign nang goi 1a dign ty ding nha may dign. Cac may céng tic va cde i yy thuy dién tiéu thy hrong dién tu ding chiém khoang 2% cong suat cia nha may, gdm 2 thanh phan: Nhimg may céng téc va thiét bj phy trg dim bao sy khéi dng lam vige va dimg may phat dién nhu céc thiét bj ciia hé théng kich tir, hé théng bom dau béi tron va lam mat, hé théng diéu khién cita dap... Nhiing may cng tac va cde thiét bi khong c6 quan hé tryc tiép d6i voi may phat thuy dign nhung cén thiét cho sy hogt déng cia toan nha may nhu: Hé théng chigu séng ,thong tin lign Ize, hg thong bio vé rale, cdc b6 nap fcquy.. Vi vay cn thiét phai dim bao cae yéu cd dign ty ding lién tue, dm bao tin cdy cho st hoat dong ciia toan nha may. 5.2. CHON SO BO NOI DIEN TU DUNG: Dign ty ding 1a mét phan rat quan trong trong nha may dign va tram bién ap. Céc su c6 trong hé théng dign ciia cdc nha may dign cé thé dan dén pha hoai sy lam vige binh thudng mét phan hoe toan b6 nha may, doi khi cin phat trién thanh swt c6 ciia hg théng dign. Do vay, so d6 néi dign ty ding cn thye hign sao cho 06 d6 tin cay cao, dam bao cung cdp co cau tyr ding quan trong trong moi ché dg kim vige. Mat khée cing yéu cdu hg théng ty ding phai don gidn, linh hoat, gid thanh ha, chi phi van hanh thdp, d8 van han Dign dp ty ding duge sir dyng chi yéu la cho cde ding co céng suat lon hon 200 KW, cdp 0,4 KV dé cung cdp cho céc co bé hon va thip sang, tin higu...Cp 3 KV khong dig vi gid thinh déng co 3 KV va 6 KV khéng chénh léch nhau nhiéu nhumg phi tén kim logi mau va ton that trong mang 3 KV Ién hon rat nhiéu so véi cap 6 KV. Hon nita ding cap 6 KV 6 wu diém la: - Tang duge céng suat don vj ciia cdc dng co. Tang duge céng suat ctia may bién Ap chinh nén c6 thé chon duge sé Iugng cung - Diéu khién ty mo may tét hon jam bao dé tin cay cung cép dién ta phan doan thanh gop ty ding va xay dung thanh gép ty ding dy trit cho mai cp dign ap. May bién 4p ty dimg dy trat duge néi vio may bién dp lién lac & doan gitta may cét va may bién ap dé dim bao sy lam vige cia may bién 4p dy trit khi sta chita phn dogn ca thiét bj phan phéi chinh. Déi véi hé théng dign ty ding cia nha may dign dang thiét ké ta bé tri so dé nhu sau: ___ Tai mi t6 may phat dign bé tri 1 may bign Ap ty ding lam vige bac I va 1 may bién ap ty ding lam vige bie II. Toan b6 hé théng bé tri 1 may bién dp tw ding dy trir bac I va 1 may bién dp tw dang dy tri bac II. Cae MBA ty ding lim vige bac I la: BS, B6, B7, B8. Mét MBA ty ding dy trit bie I 1: B9. C6: Ucem= 15,75 KV 56Unan= 63 KV Cae MBA ty diing lim vige bac II 1a: B10, B11, B12, B13 Mot MBA ty ding dy trit be II 1a: B14 C6: Ucen= 6,3 KV Unam= 0,4 KV 5.3. CHON SO LUQNG VA CONG SUAT MAY BIEN AP TU’ DUNG: 5.3.1.Chon may bién 4p tw ding bacl 5.3.1.1, May bién dp te ding lam vige b@c 1: Nha may 6 4 16 may phat tuong img sé c6 4 may bié May bién dp ty ding bac 1 bién déi tir « 6 KV, cung cap dign chi n p tur ding lim dign 4p may phat xudng cap dién 4p cho cde ding co 6 KV. Céng suat dinh mite ciia may bién dp ty ding lam vige bac 1 duge xée dinh nhu sau: > Starimax = 0%. Semri = 2%. 176,5 = 3,53 MVA. (6.1) Trong dé, Bila céc may bién 4p BS, B6, B7, B8. 5.3.1.2. May bién dp ty diing die trit bic 1: Do sé lugng cia may bién p tyr diing lam vige it nén ta chi ap we ding du tra, dam bao diéu k hoc bang 1,5 Kin céng suat phy tai cute dai cia ty diing lam vige, do dé: 15. 3,53 = 5,295 MVA. (62) Trong dé, Bai 1a may bién ap BY. Tra séch “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién 4p”. Trang 135 Tée gia Nguyén Hi Khai, ta chon cdc may bién dp ty ding bac 1 véi cdc théng s6 nhu bang 5.1: chon Ién hon Sion 21,5. Starimax = Bang 5.1 s Dién ap Tén that an ; (Kv) KW) Un%|Io% (KVA)|Iwone [Cao [Ha [APs [APy ITM-4000/15,75 [Lam vige [4000 [04 __|15,75|6,3 [5,54 [33.5 65 [09 TM-6300/15,75 [Dy tre [6300 [01 |15,75|63 _|7,65 [465 [65 [0.8 Loai may bién 4p 357Hinh 5.1. So dé bé tri thiét bj ty ding5.3.2. Chon mAy bién dp tyr diing bic2: 5.3.2.1. Méy bién dp te ding lam vige bac 2: May bign ap tyr ding bic 2 bién ddi tir cdp dign ap 6 KV xuéng edp dign ap 0,4 dign cho cae dong co 0,4 KV va thip séng, tin h i véi nha may nhiét dién, cong sudt phy tai tyr ding bac 2 chiém khoang 30% cOng sudt ty ding toin nha may, nén céng sudt ciia cae may bién dp ty ding bac 2 duge xe ain nhu sau: uj = 20%.Scarimax = 20%.3,53 = 0,706 MVA. (63) Trong dé, By la cdc may bién 4p B10, B11, B12, B13. 5.3.2.2, May bién ip te ding dye trit bac 2: Tuong ty nhu bac 1, céng sudt may bién 4p wr ding dy tri bac 2 duge xde dink, nhu sau: Sim; 21,5. Sinn; = 1,5. 0,706 = 1,059 MVA. (64) Trong dé, Bala may bién ap B13. Tra sch “Thiét ké nha may dign va tram bién ap” Trang 135 Tae gia Nguyén Hiu Khai , ta chon cdc may bién dp tyr ding bac 2 vai cdc thong sé nhu bang 6. Bang 5.2 . s, Dién 4p Tén that Logi may bién ap «KY. ‘Ay urong M (KW) Ux % |Lo% [Cao [Ha [AP. [AP, 'TM-1000/6,3__|Lam vige |1000_|04__ [6,3 104 [2,1 [11,5 _|5,5_| 1,4 TM-1600/6,3 [Dytra [1600 [or [63 [oa [21 [11,6 [65 [15 5.4, KHA NANG TU MO MAY CUA CAC DONG CO: 5.4,1.Diéu kign chung: Diéu kién dé cdc dong co ty mé may duge 1a tng céng suat ciia cée dong co dign trong hé théng ty ding ciia nha may bé hon tng céng suat cdc dng co cho phép tu khoi dong. ‘Téng céng suat déng co cho phép tu khéi déng duge tinh theo biéu thite sau: (105—U,%)- thy “C0594 “100-S san P. . 6.5 UP Uy% Tyo %q%* Un %) eo céng suat trung binh ciia cdc dng co, chon Cos@u = 0,85 + Us%: Bién dp trén thanh céi ty ding trong théi gian cdc déng co ty mé may, chon Us% = 65 + Ikp: Tri sé tuong déi clia dong dign mé may téng ciia tat cd cae dong co, c6 thé chon Ip = 4,8 + nw: Higu suat trung binh cia cae dong co, chon nw = 0,9. + Uy%: Dign dp ngin mach phan trim ctia may bién 4p ty ding. + Sama: Céng suat dinh mite ciia may bién dp ndi vao thanh gép. + Xxk%: Dién khang phan trim clia khang dién, Xx% = 0. 595.4.2. véi cde dng co trén thanh gop 6,3kV: TPqusay LOSES O8 085-1004 6 is4amwy. (6.6) 65-4,8-6,5 0.85 =3 (MW). 14,12 4 154 (MW) > Puimaxsaev = 3 (MW), nén tat ca cde dong, Gi cde Ang co trén thanh gop 0,4KV: LP = Oot —1,78¢MW) 6.7) 14,12 4 = 0,9 (MW). TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] PGS. Nguyén Hitu Khai, Thidt ké nha mdy dién va tram bién dp "phan dién", NXB Khoa Hoc Va KY Thuat Ha Ngi - 2004, [2] PGS. Nguyén Hiu Khai, Thiét ké nha may dién va tram bién dp "phan dién", NXB Khoa Hoc Va KY Thuat Ha Ngi - 1999, [3] TS. Nguyén Quang Thach (chii bién) va TS. Pham Van Hoa, Phdn dién trong nha" mdy dién va'tram bién dp, NXB Khoa Hoe Va K¥ Thuat Ha Néi - 2004. [4] Nguyén Van Dam, Th é théng di¢n, NXB Khoa Hoc Va"Ky” Thudt Ha'Noi ~ 2006. [5] Nguyén Céng Hién (chi bién) va"Nguyén Manh Hoach, Hé théng cung cap cla xi nghiép cong nghiép, dé thi va nha cao tang, NXB Khoa Hoc Va"Ky"Thudt Ha'Néi - 2001 t ké cdc mang va én 60