1.

Cefuroxime
DOSAGE,
MECHANISM ADVERSE NURSING
DRUG NAME ROUTE, INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
OF ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITIES
FREQUENCY
Cefuroxime Usual adult Bind to Treatment of Hypersensitivity to GI: diarrhea, Before:
dosage: bacterial wall patients with cephalosporin and Nausea,  Determine history
Brand name: 750mg to 1.5 membrane, infections caused related antibiotics; antibiotic- of hypersensitivity
Zinacef gram every causing cell by susceptible pregnancy (Category B), associated colitis. reactions to
8hrs death. strains of the lactation. cephalosporins,
Trade Name: designated Skin: rash, penicillins and
Ceftin Therapeutic organisms in the pruritis, urticaria. history of allergies,
Effects: follower diseases: particularly to
Classifications: Bacterial  Lower Urogenital: drugs before
Action Respiratory Increased serum therapy is initiated.
Therapeutic: Tract creatinine and  Lab tests: Perform
Anti-infectives Infection BUN, decreased culture and
Pharmacologic: (pneumonia) creatinine sensitivity tests
Second k clearance. before initiation of
generation  Urinary tract therapy and
Cephalosporins Infections Hemat: periodically during
 Skin and skin- hemolytic Anemia therapy if
Structure indicated. Therapy
Infections MISC: may be instituted
 Septicemia Anaphylaxis pending test
 Meningitis results. Monitor
 Gonorrhea periodically BUN
 Bone and and Creatinine
Joint clearance.
Infections During:
 Inspect IM and IV
injection sites
frequently for signs
of phlebitis.
 Monitor for
manifestations of
hypersensitivity
2. Ketorolac
DOSAGE,
MECHANISM ADVERSE NURSING
DRUG NAME ROUTE, INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
OF ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITIES/Precautions
FREQUENCY
Ketorolac Injectable Anti- Short-term (≤ Contraindicated with CNS:  Renal Impairment, Impaired
Tromethamin sol’n: 30 mg, inflammatory 5 days) significant renal Headache, hearing, allergies, hepatic,
e IV, every and analgesic management impairment, aspirin dizziness, skin color and lesions,
6hrs activity; of moderately allergy, recent GI bleed somnolence, orientation, reflexes,
Brand name: inhibits severe acute or perforation. Use insomnia, peripheral sensation, clotting
Toradol prostaglandins pain that cautiously with fatigue, times, CBC, adventitious
and requires impaired hearing; dizziness sounds
Drug leukotriene analgesia at allergies; hepatic tinnitus,  Be aware that patient may be
Classification: synthesis opoid level; conditions. ophthalmologic at risk for CV events, GI
NSAIDs not indicated effects bleeding, renal toxicity,
for minor or monitor accordingly
chronic painful  Keep emergency equipment
conditions. readily available at time of
initial dose, in case of severe
hypersensitivity reactions.
 Protect drug vials from light.
 Administer every 6hrs to
maintain serum levels and
control pain.
3. Tramadol
DOSAGE,
MECHANISM ADVERSE NURSING
DRUG NAME ROUTE, INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS
OF ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITIES
FREQUENCY
Tramadol 50 mg, IV, Chemical Indicated in Tramadol may increase Sedation.  Assess bowel functions
Hydrochlorid PRN effect: Binds to adults for the central nervous system Dizziness/vertigo. routinely. Minimize
e mu-opioid management of and respiratory Headache, constipation.
receptors. pain severe depression when confusion,  Assess previous
Brand name: Inhibits enough to combines with alcohol, anxiety, seizures, analgesic history.
Ultram, reuptakes of require an opioid anesthetics, narcotics, Hypotension, Tramadol is not
Ultram ER serotonin and analgesic and for tranquilizers or sedative tachycardia, recommended for opioid
norepinephrine which alternative hypnotics. bradycardia, dependent patients
Drug Class: in the CNS. treatments are sweating, pruritis, (withdrawal symptoms)
Therapeutic inadequate. rash, pallor,  Monitor patient for
class: Therapeutic urticarial, Nausea, seizures.
Analgesics effect: vomiting, dry  May cause increase
Decreased pain mouth, serum creatinine,
constipation, elevated liver enzymes,
flatulence, decrease hemoglobin
Potential for and proteinuria.
abuse,  Overdose/toxicity may
anaphylactoid cause respiratory
reactions. depression. Naloxone
(Narcan) may reverse it.
 Instruct patient on how
and when to ask for pain
medication
 Caution to avoid
activities requiring
alertness until response
to medication is
unknown.
 Caution to avoid alcohol
or other CNS
depressants
 Encourage patient to
turn, cough, breathe
deeply every 2 hr to
prevent atelectasis.