CS 506 Mids MCQs

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Data Communication and Networking Basic MCQ Set –

behrouz A forouzan.
In this section of Data Communication and Networking – Data

Communication and Networking Basics MCQ (multiple choice)
Based Short Questions and Answers ,it cover the below lists of
topic, All the Multiple Choice Question and Answer (MCQs) have
been compiled from the books of Data Communication and
Networking by The well known author behrouz A forouzan.
1. Data communications system MCQs.

2. Simplex, half-duplex, or full-duplex MCQs.
3. Topology MCQs.
4. Local area network (LAN), Metropolitan-area network (MAN),
Wide area network (WAN) MCQs.
5. Internet service providers (ISPs) MCQs.
Data Communication and Networking Basics MCQ Set – 1
1. The _______ is the physical path over which a message travels.

A. Protocol
B. Medium
C. Signal
D. All the above
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2. The information to be communicated in a data communications

system is the _______.
A. Medium
B. Protocol
C. Message
D. Transmission
3. Frequency of failure and network recovery time after a failure

are measures of the _______ of a network.
A. Performance
B. Reliability
C. Security
D. Feasibility
4. An unauthorized user is a network _______ issue.

A. Performance
B. Reliability
C. Security
D. All the above

5. Which topology requires a central controller or hub?

A. Mesh
B. Star
C. Bus
D. Ring
6. Which topology requires a multipoint connection?

A. Mesh
B. Bus
C. Ring
D. Star
7. Communication between a computer and a keyboard involves

_____________ transmission.
A. simplex
B. half-duplex
C. full-duplex
D. automatic
8. A television broadcast is an example of _______ transmission.

A. simplex
B. half-duplex
C. full-duplex
D. automatic
9. _______ connection provides a dedicated link between two

devices.
A. point-to-point
B. multipoint
C. primary
D. secondary
10. In a _______ connection, more than two devices can share a

single link.
A. point-to-point
B. multipoint
C. primary
D. secondary
Answer key for MCQ SET- 1

Q-1 Correct Answer: Medium
Q-2 Correct Answer: Message
Q-3 Correct Answer: Reliability
Q-4 Correct Answer: Security
Q-5 Correct Answer: Star
Q-6 Correct Answer: Bus
Q-7 Correct Answer: simplex
Q-8 Correct Answer: simplex
Q-9 Correct Answer: point-to-point
Q-10 Correct Answer: Multipoint
1. In _______ transmission, the channel capacity is shared by both

communicating devices at all times.
A. simplex
B. half-duplex
C. full-duplex
D. half-simplex
2. In the original ARPANET, _______ were directly connected

together.
A. IMPs
B. host computers
C. networks
D. routers
3. This was the first network.

A. CSNET
B. NSFNET
C. ANSNET
D. ARPANET
4. Which organization has authority over interstate and

international commerce in the communications field?
A. ITU-T
B. IEEE
C. FCC
D. ISOC
5. _______ are special-interest groups that quickly test, evaluate,

and standardize new technologies.
A. Forums
B. Regulatory agencies
C. Standards organizations
D. All of the above
6. Which agency developed standards for physical connection

interfaces and electronic signaling specifications?
A. EIA
B. ITU-T
C. ANSI
D. ISO

7. ______ is the protocol suite for the current Internet.
A. TCP/IP
B. NCP
C. UNIX
D. ACM
8. ______ refers to the structure or format of the data, meaning the

order in which they are presented.
A. Semantics
B. Syntax
C. Timing
D. All of the above
9. ________ defines how a particular pattern to be interpreted, and

what action is to be taken based on that interpretation.
A. Semantics
B. Syntax
C. Timing
D. None of the above

10 . _______ refers to two characteristics: when data should be sent

and how fast it can be sent.
A. Semantics
B. Syntax
C. Timing
D. none of the above

Q-1 Correct Answer: full-duplex
Q-2 Correct Answer: IMPs
Q-3 Correct Answer: ARPANET
Q-4 Correct Answer: FCC
Q-5 Correct Answer: Forums
Q-6 Correct Answer: EIA
Q-7 Correct Answer: TCP/IP
Q-8 Correct Answer: Syntax
Q-9 Correct Answer: Semantics
Q-10 Correct Answer: Timing

1. Data flow between two devices can occur in a _______ way.

A. simplex
B. half-duplex
C. full-duplex
D. all of the above
2. In a ______ connection, two and only two devices are connected

by a dedicated link.
A. multipoint
B. point-to-point
C. (a) and (b)
3. In a ________ connection, three or more devices share a link.

A. multipoint
B. point-to-point
C. (a) and (b)

4. ______ refers to the physical or logical arrangement of a

network.
A. Data flow
B. Mode of operation
C. Topology
5. Devices may be arranged in a _____ topology

A. mesh
B. ring
C. bus
D. all of the above
6. A _______ is a data communication system within a building,

plant, or campus, or between nearby buildings.
A. MAN
B. LAN
C. WAN

7. A ______ is a data communication system spanning states,

countries, or the whole world.
A. MAN
B. LAN
C. WAN
8. ________ is a collection of many separate networks

A. A WAN
B. An internet
C. a LAN
9. There are ______________ Internet service providers.

A. local
B. regional
C. national and international
D. all of the above

10. A ________ is a set of rules that governs data communication.

A. forum
B. protocol
C. standard

Q-1 Correct Answer: all of the above
Q-2 Correct Answer: point-to-point
Q-3 Correct Answer: multipoint
Q-4 Correct Answer: Topology
Q-6 Correct Answer: LAN
Q-7 Correct Answer: WAN
Q-8 Correct Answer: An internet
Q-10 Correct Answer: protocol

1
Data Communication and Networking – Network Model MCQ

Set PDF – behrouz A forouzan
Data Communication and Networking – Network Model MCQ

(multiple choice) Based Questions and Answers PDF cover the
below lists of topic, All the Multiple Choice Question and Answer
(MCQs) have been compiled from the books of Data
Communication and Networking by The well known author
behrouz A forouzan.
1. Networking protocols Multiple Choice Question and Answe

Answer.
2. Network Models Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
3. Application layer Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
4. Transport layer Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
5. Physical layer Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
6. Data link layer Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
7. Network layer Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
Network Model Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

(MCQ) Set-1
1. The Internet model consists of _______ layers.

A. Three
B. Five
C. Seven
D. Eight
2
2. The process-to-process
process delivery of the entire message is the
responsibility of the _______ layer.
A. Network
B. Transport
C. Application
D. Physical
3. The _______ layer is the layer closest to the transmission

medium.
A. Physical
B. Data link
C. Network
D. Transport
4. Mail services are available to network users through the _______

layer.
A. Data link
B. Physical
C. Transport
D. Application
5. As the data packet moves from the upper to the lower layers,
headers are _______.
A. Added
B. Removed
C. Rearranged
D. Modified
3
6. The _______ layer lies between the network layer and the
application layer.
A. Physical
B. Data link
C. Transport
7. Layer 2 lies between the physical layer and the _______ layer.
A. Network
B. Data link
C. Transport
8. When data are transmitted from device A to device B, the header

from A's layer 4 is read by B's _______ layer.
A. Physical
B. Transport
C. Application
9. The _______ layer changes bits into electromagnetic signals.

A. Physical
B. Data link
C. Transport
10. Which of the following is an application layer service?

4
A. Remote log-in
B. File transfer and access
C. Mail service
D. All the above

Q-1 Correct Answer :Five
Q-2 Correct Answer :Transport
Q-3 Correct Answer :Physical
Q-4 Correct Answer :Application
Q-5 Correct Answer :Added
Q-7 Correct Answer :Network
Q-9 Correct Answer :Physical
Q-10 Correct Answer :All the above

(MCQ) Set-2
1. Why was the OSI model developed?

A. Manufacturers disliked the TCP/IP protocol suite
B. The rate of data transfer was increasing exponentially
5
C. Standards were needed to allow any two systems to

communicate
2. The _______ model shows how the network functions of a

computer ought to be organized.
organized
A. CCITT
B. OSI
C. ISO
D. ANSI
3. The physical layer is concerned with the movement of _______

over the physical medium.
medium
A. programs
B. dialogs
C. protocols
D. bits
4. The OSI model consists of _______ layers.

A. three
B. five
C. seven
D. eight
5. In the OSI model, as a data packet moves from the lower to the
upper layers, headers are _______.
A. added
B. removed
C. rearranged
D. modified
6
6. In the OSI model, when data is transmitted from device A to

device B, the header from A's layer 5 is read by B's _______ layer.
A. physical
B. transport
C. session
D. presentation
7. In the OSI model, what is the main function of the transport

layer?
A. node-to-node
node delivery
B. process-to-process
process message delivery
C. synchronization
D. updating and maintenance of routing tables
8. In the OSI model, encryption and decryption are functions of the

________ layer.
A. transport
B. session
C. presentation
D. application
9. When a host on network A sends a message to a host on network

B, which address does the router look at?
A. port
B. logical
C. physical
7
10. To deliver a message to the correct application program

running on a host, the _______ address must be consulted
consulted.
A. port
B. IP
C. physical

Q-1 Correct Answer :Standards were needed to
allow any two systems to communicate
Q-2 Correct Answer :OSI
Q-3 Correct Answer :bits
Q-4 Correct Answer :seven
Q-5 Correct Answer :removed
Q-6 Correct Answer :session
Q-7 Correct Answer :process-to-process
:process process message
delivery
Q-8 Correct Answer :presentation
Q-9 Correct Answer :logical
Q-10 Correct Answer :port
8

(MCQ) Set-3
1. IPv6 has _______ -bit

bit addresses.
A. 32
B. 64
C. 128
D. variable
2. ICMPv6 includes _______

A. IGMP
B. ARP
C. RARP
D. a and b
3. The ______ layer is responsible for moving frames from one hop
(node) to the next.
A. physical
B. data link
C. transport
4. The ______ layer adds a header to the packet coming from the
upper layer that includes the logical addresses of the sender and
receiver.
A. physical
B. data link
9
C. network
5. The_________ layer is responsible for the delivery of a message

from one process to another.
another
A. physical
B. transport
C. network
6. The Internetworking Protocol (IP) is a ________ protocol

A. reliable
B. connection-oriented
oriented
C. both a and b
7. ______ is a process-to
to-process protocol that adds only port
addresses, checksum error control, and length information to the
data from the upper layer.
layer
A. TCP
B. UDP
C. IP
8. _________ provides full transport layer services to applications.

A. TCP
B. UDP
C. ARP
10
9. The ________ address, also known as the link address, is the

address of a node as defined by its LAN or WAN
A. port
B. physical
C. logical
10. Ethernet uses a ______ physical address that is imprinted on

the network interface card (NIC)
A. 32-bit
B. 64-bit
C. 6-byte

Q-1 Correct Answer :128
Q-2 Correct Answer :a and b
Q-3 Correct Answer :data link
Q-4 Correct Answer :network
Q-5 Correct Answer :transport
Q-6 Correct Answer :none of the above
Q-7 Correct Answer :UDP
Q-8 Correct Answer :TCP
Q-9 Correct Answer :physical
Q-10 Correct Answer :6-byte
:6
11

(MCQ) Set-4
1. A port address in TCP/IP is ______ bits long.

A. 32
B. 48
C. 16
2. The ____ created a model called the Open Systems

Interconnection, which allows diverse systems to communicate.
A. OSI
B. ISO
C. IEEE
3. The seven-layer _____ model provides guidelines for the

development of universally compatible networking protocols
protocols.
A. OSI
B. ISO
C. IEEE
12
4. The physical, data link, and network layers are the ______
support layers.
A. user
B. network
C. both (a) and (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
5. The session, presentation, and application layers are the ____

support layers.
A. user
B. network
C. both (a) and (b)
6. The _______ layer links the network support layers and the user
support layers.
A. transport
B. network
C. data link
D. session
7. The _______ layer coordinates the functions required to transmit

a bit stream over a physical medium.
A. transport
B. network
C. data link
D. physical
13
8. The _______ layer is responsible for delivering data units from

one station to the next without errors.
A. transport
B. network
C. data link
D. physical
9. The ______ layer is responsible for the source-to-destination

destination
delivery of a packet across multiple network links.
A. transport
B. network
C. data link
D. physical
10. The ________ layer is responsible for the process-to--process

delivery of the entire message.
message
A. transport
B. network
C. data link
D. physical
14

Q-2 Correct Answer :ISO
Q-3 Correct Answer :OSI
Q-5 Correct Answer :user

(MCQ) Set-5
1. The ______ layer establishes, maintains, and synchronizes the

interactions between communicating devices.
A. transport
B. network
C. session
D. physical
15
2. The _______ layer ensures interoperability between

communicating devices through transformation of data into a
mutually agreed upon format.
format
A. transport
B. network
C. data link
D. presentation
3. The _________ layer enables the users to access the network

A. transport
B. application
C. data link
D. physical
4. TCP/IP is a ______ hierarchical protocol suite developed ____ the

OSI model.
A. seven-layer;
layer; before
B. five-layer; before
C. six-layer; before
D. five-layer; after
5. The TCP/IP _______ layer is equivalent to the combined session,

presentation, and application layers of the OSI model
A. application
B. network
C. data link
D. physical
16
6. The ________ address, also known as the link address, is the

address of a node as defined by its LAN or WAN
A. physical
B. IP
C. port
D. specific
7. The ____ address uniquely defines a host on the Internet

A. physical
B. IP
C. port
D. specific
8. The_____ address identifies a process on a host

A. physical
B. IP
C. port
D. specific
Answer key for MCQ SET-

SET 5
Q-2 Correct Answer :presentation
Q-3 Correct Answer :application
Q-4 Correct Answer :five-layer;
:five before
17

Q-7 Correct Answer :IP
Q-9
Q-10
All the Multiple Choice Question and Answer have been compiled
from the books of Data Communication and Networking by The
well known author behrouz A forouzan.
Data Communication and Networking – Data and Signals multiple

choice based questions
uestions and answers pdf cover the below lists of
topic,
1. Data and signal Multiple Choice Question and Answer

Answer.
2. Amplitude, frequency, and phase Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
3. Time-domain
domain graph plots Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
4. Frequency-domain
domain graph plots Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
5. Spectrum ,bandwidth of a signa Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
6. Bit rate (number of bits per second) and bit interval (durat
(duration
of 1 bit) Multiple Choice Question and Answer.
Answer
7. Nyquist formula Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
8. Shannon capacity Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
9. Attenuation, distortion, and noise Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
10. Throughput, propagation speed,
speed, and propagation time
,wavelength of a frequency Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
Practice it now to sharpen your concept.
1. Before data can be transmitted, they must be

transformed to _______.
A. periodic signals
B. electromagnetic signals
C. aperiodic signals
D. low-frequency
frequency sine waves
2. A periodic signal completes one cycle in 0.001 s. What

is the frequency?
A. 1 Hz
B. 100 Hz
C. 1 KHz
D. 1 MHz
3. In a frequency-domain
domain plot, the horizontal axis
measures the ________.
A. peak amplitude
B. frequency
C. phase
D. slope
4. In a time-domain
domain plot, the horizontal axis is a measure of
________.
A. signal amplitude
B. frequency
C. phase
D. time
5. If the bandwidth of a signal is 5 KHz and the lowest

frequency is 52 KHz, what is the highest frequency?
A. 5 KHz
B. 10 KHz
C. 47 KHz
D. 57 KHz
6. What is the bandwidth of a signal that ranges from 1 MHz

to 4 MHz?
A. 4 MHz
B. 1 KHz
C. 3 MHz
7. As frequency increases, the period ________.
A. decreases
B. increases
C. remains the same
D. doubles
8. Given two sine waves A and B, if the frequency of A is

twice that of B, then the period of B is ________ that of A.
A. one-half
B. twice
C. the same as
D. indeterminate from
9. A sine wave is ________.
A. periodic and continuous

B. aperiodic and continuous
C. periodic and discrete
D. aperiodic and discrete
10. If the maximum amplitude of a sine wave is 2 V, the

minimum amplitude is ________ V.
A. 2
B. 1
C. -2
D. between -2
2 and 2

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :electromagnetic signals
Q-2 Correct Answer :1 KHz
Q-3 Correct Answer :frequency
Q-4 Correct Answer :time
Q-6 Correct Answer :3 MHz
Q-7 Correct Answer :decreases
Q-8 Correct Answer :twice
Q-9 Correct Answer :periodic and continuous
Q-10 Correct Answer :-2
:
Data and Signals Multiple Choice Questions and Answers (MCQ)

Set-2
1. A signal is measured at two different points. The power

is P1 at the first point and P2 at the second point. The dB is 0.
This means ________.
A. P2 is zero
B. P2 equals P1
C. P2 is much larger than P1
D. P2 is much smaller than P1
2. ________ is a type of transmission impairment in which

the signal loses strength due to the resistance of the
transmission medium.
medium
A. Attenuation
B. Distortion
C. Noise
D. Decibel
3. ________ is a type of transmission impairment in which

the signal loses strength due to the different propagation
speeds of each frequency that makes up the signal
signal.
A. Attenuation
B. Distortion
C. Noise
D. Decibel
4. ________ is a type of transmission impairment in which an

outside source such as crosstalk corrupts a signal
signal.
A. Attenuation
B. Distortion
C. Noise
D. Decibel
5. When propagation speed is multiplied by propagation

time, we get the ________.
A. throughput
B. wavelength of the signal
C. distortion factor
D. distance a signal or bit has traveled
6. Data can be ________.
A. analog
B. digital
C. (a) or (b)
7. _______ data are continuous and take continuous values.
A. analog
B. digital
C. (a) or (b)
8. _______ data have discrete states and take discrete

values.
A. Analog
B. Digital
C. (a) or (b)
9. Signals can be ________
A. analog
B. digital
C. either (a) or (b)
10. _____ signals can have an infinite number of values in a

range.
A. Analog
B. Digital
C. (a) or (b)

SET 2
Q-1 Correct Answer :P2 equals P1
Q-2 Correct Answer :Attenuation
Q-3 Correct Answer :Distortion
Q-4 Correct Answer :Noise

Q-5 Correct Answer :distance a signal or bit has
traveled
Q-6 Correct Answer :(a) or (b)
Q-7 Correct Answer :analog
Q-8 Correct Answer :Digital
Q-9 Correct Answer :either (a) or (b)
Q-10 Correct Answer :Analog
Data and Signals Multiple Choice Questions and Answers (MCQ)

Set-3
1. _______ signals can have only a limited number of values.
A. Analog
B. Digital
C. (a) or (b)
2. Frequency and period are ______
A. inverse of each other

B. proportional to each other
C. the same
3. _______is the rate of change with respect to time

time.
A. Amplitude
B. Time
C. Frequency
D. Voltage
4. _______ describes the position of the waveform relative to

time 0.
A. Frequency
B. Phase
C. Amplitude
D. Voltage
5. A sine wave in the ______ domain can be represented by

one single spike in the _____ domain.
A. time; frequency
B. frequency; time
C. time; phase
D. phase; time
6. A _________ sine wave is not useful in data

communications; we need to send a _______ signal.
A. composite; single-frequency
single
B. single-frequency;
frequency; composite
C. single-frequency;
frequency; double-frequency
double
7. The _____ of a composite signal is the difference between

the highest and the lowest frequencies contained in that
signal
A. frequency
B. period
C. bandwidth
D. amplitude
8. A(n)_________ signal is a composite analog signal with an

infinite bandwidth.
A. digital
B. analog
9. Baseband transmission of a digital signal is possible only

if we have a ____ channel
A. low-pass
B. bandpass
C. low rate
D. high rate
10. If the available channel is a ____ channel, we cannot send

a digital signal directly to the channel
A. low-pass
B. bandpass
C. low rate
D. high rate

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :Digital
Q-2 Correct Answer :inverse of each other
Q-3 Correct Answer :Frequency
Q-4 Correct Answer :Phase
Q-5 Correct Answer :time; frequency
Q-6 Correct Answer :single-frequency;
:single frequency; composite
Q-7 Correct Answer :bandwidth
Q-8 Correct Answer :digital
Q-9 Correct Answer :low-pass
Q-10 Correct Answer :bandpass
All the Multiple Choice Question and Answer (MCQs) have been
compiled from the books of Data Communication and Networking
by The well known author behrouz A forouzan.
This Data Communication and Networking – “Digital

Transmission” multiple choice Based Questions and Answers
PDF cover the below lists of topic.
1. Digital Transmission,parallel or serial in mode,asynchronous

serial transmission,synchronous serial transmission multiple
choice Based Questions and Answers.
Answers
2. Line coding methods,unipolar, polar, or bipolar multiple
Answers
3. polar encoding methods , NRZ, RZ, Manchester, and
differential Manchester encoding multiple choice Based
Questions and Answers.
An
4. bipolar encoding method , AMI multiple choice Based
Answers
5. Block coding methods, 4B/5B, 8B/10B, and 8B/6T multiple
Answers
6. PCM (pulse code modulation),sampling, quantizing, and line
coding multiple choice Based Questions and Answers
Answers.
7. Nyquist theorem multiple choice Based Questions and
Answers.
8. Shannon capacity multiple choice Based Questions and
Answers.
9. Attenuation, distortion, and noise multiple choice Based
Answers
10. Throughput, propagation speed, and propagation time
,wavelength of a frequency multiple choice Based Questions
and Answers.
Digital Transmission multiple choice Questions and Answers

MCQ Set-1
1. Unipolar, bipolar, and polar encoding are types of _______

encoding.
A. line
B. block
C. NRZ
D. Manchester
2. _______ encoding has a transition at the middle of each

bit.
A. RZ
B. Manchester
C. Differential Manchester
D. All the above
3. _______ encoding has a transition at the beginning of each

0 bit.
A. RZ
B. Manchester
C. Differential Manchester
D. All the above
4. PCM is an example of _______ conversion.

A. digital-to-digital
B. digital-to-analog
C. analog-to-analog
D. analog-to-digital
5. If the frequency spectrum of a signal has a bandwidth of

500 Hz with the highest frequency at 600 Hz, what should be
the sampling rate, according to the Nyquist theorem?
A. 200 samples/s
B. 500 samples/s
C. 1000 samples/s
D. 1200 samples/s
6. The Nyquist theorem specifies the minimum sampling rate

to be_______.
A. equal to the lowest frequency of a signal
B. equal to the highest frequency of a signal
C. twice the bandwidth of a signal
D. twice the highest frequency of a signal
7. Which of the following encoding methods does not

provide for synchronization?
A. NRZ-L
B. RZ
C. NRZ-I
D. Manchester
8. Which encoding method uses alternating positive and

negative values for 1s?
A. NRZ-I
B. RZ
C. Manchester
D. AMI
9. Which quantization level results in a more faithful

reproduction of the signal?
A. 2
B. 8
C. 16
D. 32
10. Block coding can help in _______ at the receiver.

A. Synchronization
B. Error detection
C. Attenuation
D. (a) and (b)

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :line
Q-2 Correct Answer :All the above
Q-3 Correct Answer :Differential Manchester
Q-4 Correct Answer :analog-to-digital
:analog
Q-5 Correct Answer :1200 samples/s
Q-6 Correct Answer :twice the highest frequency of a
signal
Q-7 Correct Answer :NRZ-L
:NRZ
Q-8 Correct Answer :AMI
Q-10 Correct Answer :(a) and (b)

MCQ Set-2
1. In _______ transmission, bits are transmitted

simultaneously, each across its own wire.
A. Asynchronous serial
B. Synchronous serial
C. Parallel
D. (a) and (b)
2. In _______ transmission, bits are transmitted over a single

wire, one at a time.
A. asynchronous serial
B. synchronous serial
C. parallel
D. (a) and (b)
3. In _______ transmission, a start bit and a stop bit frame a

character byte
A. asynchronous serial
B. synchronous serial
C. parallel
D. (a) and (b)
4. In asynchronous transmission, the gap time between bytes

is _______
A. fixed
B. variable
C. a function of the data rate
D. zero
5. ___________ conversion involves three techniques: line

coding, block coding, and scrambling.
A. Analog-to-digital
B. Digital-to-analog
C. Analog-to-analog
analog
D. Digital-to-digital
6. ________ is the process of converting digital data to a

digital signal.
A. Block coding
B. Line coding
C. Scrambling
7. ______ provides redundancy to ensure synchronization

and inherent error detection.
A. Block coding
B. Line coding
C. Scrambling
8. ________ is normally referred to as mB/nB coding; it

replaces each m-bit group with an n-bit group.
A. Block coding
B. Line coding
C. Scrambling
9. ________ provides synchronization without increasing the

number of bits.
A. Scrambling
B. Line coding
C. Block coding
10. Two common scrambling techniques are ________

A. NRZ and RZ
B. AMI and NRZ
C. B8ZS and HDB3
D. Manchester and differential Manchester

SET 2
Q-1 Correct Answer :Parallel
Q-2 Correct Answer :(a) and (b)
Q-3 Correct Answer :asynchronous serial
Q-4 Correct Answer :variable
Q-5 Correct Answer :Digital-to-digital
:Digital
Q-6 Correct Answer :Line coding
Q-7 Correct Answer :Block coding
Q-8 Correct Answer :Block coding
Q-9 Correct Answer :Scrambling
Q-10 Correct Answer :B8ZS and HDB3

MCQ Set-3
1. The ________ mode provides synchronization for the

entire stream of bits must. In other words, it guarantees that
the data arrive at a fixed rate.
A. synchronous
B. asynchronous
C. isochronous
2. A _________ digital signal includes timing information in

the data being transmitted.
A. self-synchronizing
synchronizing
B. self-modulated
C. self-transmitted
3. In decoding a digital signal, the receiver calculates a

running average of the received signal power, called the
_______
A. baseline
B. base
C. line
4. The most common technique to change an analog signal

to digital data is called __________.
A. PAL
B. PCM
C. sampling
5. The first step in PCM is ________

A. quantization
B. modulation
C. sampling
6. There are three sampling methods: __________

A. quantized, sampled, and ideal
B. ideal, sampled, and flat-top
flat
C. ideal, natural, and flat-top
flat
7. _____ finds the value of the signal amplitude for each

sample; ____ finds the change from the previous sample.
A. DM; PCM
B. PCM; DM
C. DM; CM
8. While there is (are) only _____ way(s) to send parallel data,

there is (are) three subclass(es) of serial transmission
A. one; two
B. two; three
C. one; three
9. In ______ transmission, we send 1 start bit (0) at the

beginning and 1 or more stop bits (1s) at the end of each
byte.
A. synchronous
B. asynchronous
C. isochronous
10. In _________ transmission, we send bits one after

another without start or stop bits or gaps. It is the
responsibility of the receiver to group the bits.
A. synchronous
B. asynchronous
C. isochronous

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :isochronous
Q-2 Correct Answer :self-synchronizing
:self
Q-3 Correct Answer :baseline
Q-4 Correct Answer :PCM
Q-5 Correct Answer :sampling
Q-6 Correct Answer :ideal, natural, and flat
flat-top
Q-7 Correct Answer :PCM; DM
Q-8 Correct Answer :one; three
Q-9 Correct Answer :asynchronous
Q-10 Correct Answer :synchronous

MCQ Set-4
1. The ________ rate defines the number of data elements

sent in 1s; the ______ rate is the number of signal elements
sent in 1s
A. data; signal
B. signal; data
C. baud; bit
2. The signal rate is sometimes called the ____ rate

A. baud
B. bit
C. signal
3. The data rate is sometimes called the ___ rate

A. baud
B. bit
C. signal
4. In a _____ scheme, all the signal levels are on one side of

the time axis, either above or below.
A. polar
B. bipolar
C. unipolar
D. all of the above
5. In ______ schemes, the voltages are on the both sides of

the time axis. For example, the voltage level for 0 can be
positive and the voltage level for 1 can be negative.
A. polar
B. bipolar
C. unipolar
D. all of the above
6. In _____, the level of the voltage determines the value of

the bit.
A. NRZ-I
B. NRZ-L
C. both (a) and (b)
7. In ______, the change or lack of change in the level of the

voltage determines the value of the bit.
A. NRZ-I
B. NRZ-L
C. both (a) and (b)
8. The idea of RZ and the idea of NRZ-L are combined into

the ________ scheme.
A. Manchester
B. differential Manchester
C. both (a) and (b)
9. The idea of RZ and the idea of NRZ-I are combined into the
________ scheme
A. Manchester
C. both (a) and (b)
10. In _______ encoding, the duration of the bit is divided

into two halves. The voltage remains at one level during the
first half and moves to the other level in the second half. The
transition at the middle of the bit provides synchronization.
A. Manchester
C. both (a) and (b)

SET 4
Q-1 Correct Answer :data; signal
Q-2 Correct Answer :baud
Q-3 Correct Answer :bit
Q-4 Correct Answer :unipolar
Q-5 Correct Answer :polar
Q-6 Correct Answer :NRZ-L
:NRZ
Q-7 Correct Answer :NRZ-I
:NRZ
Q-8 Correct Answer :Manchester

Q-9 Correct Answer :differential Manchester
Q-10 Correct Answer :both (a) and (b)

MCQ Set-5
1. In ___________ there is always a transition at the middle of

the bit, but the bit values are determined at the beginning of
the bit. If the next bit is 0, there is a transition; if the next bit
is 1, there is none.
A. Manchester
C. both (a) and (b)
2. In Manchester and differential Manchester encoding, the

transition at the middle of the bit is used for __________
A. bit transfer
B. baud transfer
C. synchronization
3. The minimum bandwidth of Manchester and differential

Manchester is ____ that of NRZ.
A. the same as
B. twice
C. thrice
4. In _______encoding, we use three levels: positive, zero,

and negative
A. unipolar
B. bipolar
C. polar
5. The _____ scheme uses data patterns of size 2 and

encodes the 2-bit patterns as one signal element belonging
to a four-level signal
A. 4B5B
B. 2B1Q
C. MLT-3
6. The ______ scheme uses three levels (+V, 0, and -V) and
three transition rules to move between the levels.
A. 4B5B
B. 2B1Q
C. MLT-3
7. _____ substitutes eight consecutive zeros with 000VB0VB

A. B4B8
B. HDB3
C. B8ZS
8. ______ substitutes four consecutive zeros with 000V or

B00V
A. B4B8
B. HDB3
C. B8ZSf

SET 5
Q-1 Correct Answer :differential Manchester
Q-2 Correct Answer :synchronization
Q-3 Correct Answer :twice
Q-4 Correct Answer :bipolar
Q-5 Correct Answer :2B1Q
Q-6 Correct Answer :MLT-3
:MLT
Q-7 Correct Answer :B8ZS
Q-8 Correct Answer :HDB3
Q-9
Q-10
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Analog
Transmission multiple choice Based Questions and Answers
PDF cover the below lists of topic.
1. Digital To Analog modulation multiple choice Based

Questions and Answers
2. Amplitude shift keying (ASK) multiple choice
ce Based
Answers
3. Frequency shift keying (FSK) multiple choice Based
Answers
4. Phase shift keying (PSK) multiple choice Based Questions
and Answers.
5. Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) multiple choice
Based Questions and Answers.
Answer
6. Analog to analog modulation multiple choice Based
7. Amplitude modulation (AM) multiple choice Based Questions
and Answers.
8. Frequency modulation (FM) multiple choice Based
9. Phase modulation (PM) multiple choice Based Questions
.and Answers.
Analog Transmission multiple choice Questions and Answers

MCQ Set-1
1. ASK, PSK, FSK, and QAM are examples of ________

conversion.
C. analog-to-analog
2. AM and FM are examples of ________ conversion.

C. analog-to-analog
3. In QAM, both ________ of a carrier frequency are varied.

A. frequency and amplitude
B. phase and frequency
C. amplitude and phase
4. If the baud rate is 400 for a QPSK signal, the bit rate is
________ bps.
A. 100
B. 400
C. 800
D. 1600
5. If the bit rate for an ASK signal is 1200 bps, the baud rate
is ________.
A. 300
B. 400
C. 600
D. 1200
6. If the bit rate for an FSK signal is 1200 bps, the baud rate is
________.
A. 300
B. 400
C. 600
D. 1200
7. If the bit rate for a 16-QAM signal is 4000 bps, what is the
baud rate?
A. 300
B. 400
C. 1000
D. 1200
8. If the baud rate for a 64-QAM signal is 2000, what is the bit
rate?
A. 300
B. 400
C. 1000
D. 12000
9. Given an AM radio signal with a bandwidth of 10 KHz and

the highest-frequency
frequency component at 705 KHz, what is the
frequency of the carrier signal?
A. 700 KHz
B. 705 KHz
C. 710 KHz
D. Cannot be determined from given information
10. _______ conversion is the process of changing one of the

characteristics of an analog signal based on the information

in the digital data.
A. Digital-to-analog
B. Analog-to-analog
analog
C. Analog-to-digital

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :digital-to-analog
:digital
Q-2 Correct Answer :analog-to-analog
Q-3 Correct Answer :amplitude and phase
Q-10 Correct Answer :Digital-to-analog

MCQ Set-2
1. Which of the following is not a digital-to-analog

conversion?
A. ASK
B. PSK
C. FSK
D. AM
2. In ________, the amplitude of the carrier signal is varied to

create signal elements. Both frequency and phase remain
constant.
A. ASK
B. PSK
C. FSK
D. QAM
3. In _________, the frequency of the carrier signal is varied

to represent data. Both peak amplitude and phase remain
constant.
A. ASK
B. PSK
C. FSK
D. QAM
4. In ________, the phase of the carrier is varied to represent

two or more different signal elements. Both peak amplitude
and frequency remain constant.
A. ASK
B. PSK
C. FSK
D. QAM
5. A constellation diagram shows us the __________ of a

signal element, particularly when we are using two carriers
(one in-phase and one quadrature).
A. amplitude and phase
B. amplitude and frequency
C. frequency and phase
6. Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is a combination

of ___________
A. ASK and FSK
B. ASK and PSK
C. PSK and FSK
7. ________ uses two carriers, one in-phase and the other

quadrature
A. ASK
B. PSK
C. FSK
D. QAM
8. ________ conversion is the representation of analog

information by an analog signal.
A. Digital-to-analog
B. Analog-to-analog
analog
C. Analog-to-digital
9. Analog-to-analog conversion is needed if the available

bandwidth is _______
A. low-pass
B. band-pass
10. Which of the following is not an analog-to-analog

analog
conversion?
A. AM
B. PM
C. FM
D. QAM

SET 2
Q-1 Correct Answer :AM
Q-2 Correct Answer :ASK
Q-3 Correct Answer :FSK
Q-4 Correct Answer :PSK
Q-5 Correct Answer :amplitude and phase
Q-6 Correct Answer :ASK and PSK
Q-7 Correct Answer :QAM
Q-8 Correct Answer :Analog-to-analog
:Analog
Q-9 Correct Answer :band-pass
:band

MCQ Set-3
1. In _____ transmission, the carrier signal is modulated so

that its amplitude varies with the changing amplitudes of the
modulating signal.
A. AM
B. PM
C. FM
2. In _____ transmission, the frequency of the carrier signal

is modulated to follow the changing voltage level (amplitude)
of the modulating signal. The peak amplitude and phase of
the carrier signal remain constant, but as the amplitude of
the information signal changes, the frequency of the carrier
changes correspondingly.
A. AM
B. PM
C. FM
3. In _____ transmission, the phase of the carrier signal is

modulated to follow the changing voltage level (amplitude) of
the modulating signal.
A. AM
B. PM
C. FM
4. In _______, the peak amplitude of one signal level is 0; the

other is the same as the amplitude of the carrier frequency
A. PSK
B. OOK
C. FSK
5. How many carrier frequencies are used in BASK?

A. 2
B. 1
C. 0
6. How many carrier frequencies are used in BFSK?

A. 2
B. 1
C. 0
7. How many carrier frequencies are used in BPSK?

A. 2
B. 1
C. 0
8. How many carrier frequencies are used in QPSK?

2
A. 1
B. 0
C. none of the above
9. The constellation diagram of BASK has ______ dots

A. 2
B. 1
C. 0
10. The constellation diagram of BPSK has ______ dots

A. 2
B. 1
C. 0

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :AM
Q-2 Correct Answer :FM
Q-3 Correct Answer :PM
Q-4 Correct Answer :OOK
compiled from the books of Data Communication
Communication and Networking
by the
he well known author behrouz A forouzan.
This Data Communication and Networking – Bandwidth

Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading multiple choice based
questions and answers PDF cover the below lists of topic
topic.
1. Frequency division multiplexing (FDM) Multiple Choice

Question and Answer.
Answer
2. Wave division multiplexing (WDM) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
3. Time division multiplexing (TDM) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading multiple

choice questions and answers MCQ Set-1Set
1. The sharing of a medium and its link by two or more

devices is called _______.
A. modulation
B. encoding
C. line discipline
D. multiplexing
2. Which multiplexing technique transmits analog signals?

A. FDM
B. TDM
C. WDM
D. (a) and (c)
3. Which multiplexing technique transmits digital signals?

A. FDM
B. TDM
C. WDM
4. Which multiplexing technique shifts each signal to a

different carrier frequency?
A. FDM
B. TDM
C. Both (a) and (b)
5. In synchronous TDM, for n signal sources of the same data

rate, each frame contains _______ slots.
A. n
B. n + 1
C. n - 1
D. 0 to n
6. In TDM, the transmission rate of the multiplexed path is

usually _______ the sum of the transmission rates of the
signal sources.
A. greater than
B. less than
C. equal to
D. not related to
7. Which multiplexing technique involves signals composed

of light beams?
A. FDM
B. TDM
C. WDM
8. _________ utilization is the use of available bandwidth to

achieve specific goals.
A. Frequency
B. Bandwidth
C. Amplitude
9. ________ can be achieved by using multiplexing; ______

can be
achieved by using spreading.
A. Efficiency; privacy and antijamming
B. Privacy and antijamming; efficiency
C. Privacy and efficiency; antijamming
D. Efficiency and antijamming; privacy
10. _______ is the set of techniques that allows the

simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a
single data link.
A. Demodulating
B. Multiplexing
C. Compressing

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :multiplexing
Q-2 Correct Answer :(a) and (c)
Q-3 Correct Answer :TDM
Q-4 Correct Answer :FDM
Q-5 Correct Answer :n
Q-6 Correct Answer :greater than

Q-7 Correct Answer :WDM
Q-8 Correct Answer :Bandwidth
Q-9 Correct Answer :Efficiency; privacy and
antijamming
Q-10 Correct Answer :Multiplexing
Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spreading multiple

choice questions and answers MCQ Set-2Set
1. In a multiplexed system, __ lines share the bandwidth of

____ link.
A. 1; n
B. 1; 1
C. n; 1
D. n; n
2. The word ______ refers to the portion of a _______ that

carries a transmission
A. channel; link
B. link; channel
C. line; channel
D. line; link
3. ______ can be applied when the bandwidth of a link (in

hertz) is greater than the combined bandwidths of the signals
to be transmitted.
A. TDM
B. FDM
C. Both (a) or (b)
D. Neither (a) or (b)
4. FSM is an _________technique
A. analog
B. digital
5. ____ is designed to use the high bandwidth capability of

fiber-optic cable.
A. FDM
B. TDM
C. WDM
6. ______ is an analog multiplexing technique to combine

optical signals.
A. FDM
B. TDM
C. WDM
7. _____ is a digital process that allows several connections

to share the high bandwidth of a link.
A. FDM
B. TDM
C. WDM
8. ____ is a digital multiplexing technique for combining

several low-rate channels into one high-rate one
A. FDM
B. TDM
C. WDM
9. We can divide ____ into two different schemes:

synchronous or statistical
A. FDM
B. TDM
C. WDM
10. In ________ TDM, each input connection has an allotment

in the output even if it is not sending data.
A. synchronous
B. statistical
C. isochronous

SET 2
Q-1 Correct Answer :n; 1
Q-2 Correct Answer :channel; link
Q-3 Correct Answer :FDM

by the
This Data Communication and Networking – Transmission

Media Multiple
ultiple choice Questions and Answers (MCQ) PDF
covers the below lists of topics.
topic
1. Transmission media Multiple Choice Question and AnswerAnswer.

2. Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and optical fiber cable
Multiple Choice Question and Answer.
Answer
3. Multimode step-index
index propagation Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
4. Multimode graded-index
graded propagation Multiple Choice
Answer
5. Unguided media – ground propagation, sky propagation, and
line-of-sight
sight propagation
propa Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
6. Radio waves, Microwaves, or Infrared waves Multiple Choice
Question and Answer
Transmission Media multiple choice questions and answers MCQ

Set-1
1. Transmission media are usually categorized as _______.

A. fixed or unfixed
B. guided or unguided
C. determinate or indeterminate
D. metallic or nonmetallic
2. Transmission media lie below the _______ layer.

A. physical
B. network
C. transport
D. application
3. ______ cable consists of an inner copper core and a

second conducting outer sheath.
A. Twisted-pair
B. Coaxial
C. Fiber-optic
D. Shielded twisted--pair
4. In fiber optics, the signal is _______ waves.

A. light
B. radio
C. infrared
D. very low-frequency
frequency
5. Which of the following primarily uses guided media?

A. cellular telephone system
B. local telephone system
C. satellite communications
D. radio broadcasting
6. Which of the following is not a guided medium?

A. twisted-pair
pair cable
B. coaxial cable
C. fiber-optic cable
D. atmosphere
7. What is the major factor that makes coaxial cable less

susceptible to noise than twisted-pair cable?
A. inner conductor
B. diameter of cable
C. outer conductor
D. insulating material
8. In an optical fiber, the inner core is _______ the cladding.

A. denser than
B. less dense than
C. the same density as
D. another name for
9. The inner core of an optical fiber is _______ in

composition.
A. glass or plastic
B. copper
C. bimetallic
D. liquid
10. When a beam of light travels through media of two

different densities, if the angle of incidence is greater than
the critical angle, _______ occurs.
A. reflection
B. refraction
C. incidence
D. criticism

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :guided or unguided
Q-3 Correct Answer :Coaxial
Q-4 Correct Answer :light
Q-5 Correct Answer :local telephone system
Q-6 Correct Answer :atmosphere
Q-7 Correct Answer :outer conductor
Q-8 Correct Answer :denser than
Q-9 Correct Answer :glass or plastic
Q-10 Correct Answer :reflection

Set-2
1. When the angle of incidence is _______ the critical angle,

the light beam bends along the interface.
A. more than
B. less than
C. equal to
2. Signals with a frequency below 2 MHz use _______

propagation.
A. ground
B. sky
C. line-of-sight
3. Signals with a frequency between 2 MHz and 30 MHz use

______ propagation
A. ground
B. sky
C. line-of-sight
4. Signals with a frequency above 30 MHz use

_______propagation
A. ground
B. sky
C. line-of-sight
5. A parabolic dish antenna is a(n) _______ antenna.

A. omnidirectional
B. bidirectional
C. unidirectional
D. horn
6. A(n) _____ medium provides a physical conduit from one

device to another.
A. guided
B. unguided

7. ________ cable consists of two insulated copper wires

twisted together.
A. Coaxial
B. Fiber-optic
C. Twisted-pair
8. _______ cable is used for voice and data communications.

A. Coaxial
B. Fiber-optic
C. Twisted-pair
9. _________ consists of a central conductor and a shield.

A. Coaxial
B. Fiber-optic
C. Twisted-pair
10. _____ cable can carry signals of higher frequency ranges

than _____ cable.
A. Twisted-pair;
pair; fiber-optic
fiber
B. Coaxial; fiber-optic
optic
C. Coaxial; twisted-pair
pair

SET 2
Q-1 Correct Answer :equal to
Q-2 Correct Answer :ground
Q-3 Correct Answer :sky
Q-4 Correct Answer :line-of-sight
:line
Q-5 Correct Answer :unidirectional
Q-6 Correct Answer :unguided
Q-7 Correct Answer :Twisted-pair
:Twisted
Q-8 Correct Answer :Twisted-pair
:Twisted
Q-9 Correct Answer :Coaxial
Q-10 Correct Answer :Coaxial; twisted-pair
twisted

Set-3
1. ______ cables are composed of a glass or plastic inner

core surrounded by cladding, all encased in an outside
jacket.
A. Coaxial
B. Fiber-optic
C. Twisted-pair
2. ______ cables carry data signals in the form of light.

A. Coaxial
B. Fiber-optic
C. Twisted-pair
3. In a fiber-optic cable, the signal is propagated along the

inner core by _______
A. reflection
B. refraction
C. modulation
4. _________ media transport electromagnetic waves without

the use of a physical conductor
A. Guided
B. Unguided
C. Either (a) or (b)
5. Radio waves are _________

A. omnidirectional
B. unidirectional
C. bidirectional
6. Microwaves are _________

A. omnidirectional
B. unidirectional
C. bidirectional
7. _______ are used for cellular phone, satellite, and wireless

LAN communications.
A. Radio waves
B. Microwaves
C. Infrared waves
8. ________ are used for short-range communications such

as those between a PC and a peripheral device.
A. Radio waves
B. Microwaves
C. Infrared waves

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :Fiber-optic
:Fiber
Q-2 Correct Answer :Fiber-optic
:Fiber
Q-3 Correct Answer :reflection
Q-4 Correct Answer :Unguided
Q-5 Correct Answer :omnidirectional
Q-6 Correct Answer :unidirectional
Q-7 Correct Answer :Microwaves
Q-8 Correct Answer :Infrared waves
Q-9
Q-10
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Switching Network
multiple choice based
ased Questions and Answers (MCQ) PDF cover
the below lists of topic.
1. Switching methods Multiple Choice Question and Answer

Answer.
2. circuit switching Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
3. packet
acket switching Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
4. message switching Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
5. Space-division
division switch , Time-division
Time switches Multiple
Choice Question and Answer.
Answer
Practice now to sharpen your concept.
1. Traditionally, _____ methods of switching have been

important.
A. four
B. three
C. five
D. six
2. We can divide today's networks into ____ broad

categories.
A. four
B. three
C. five
D. two
3. Packet-switched networks can also be divided into

______subcategories: virtual-circuit networks and datagram
networks
A. four
B. three
C. two
D. five
4. A ________ network is made of a set of switches

connected by physical links, in which each link is divided
into n channels.
A. line-switched
B. frame-switched
C. circuit-switched
5. Circuit switching takes place at the ________ layer.

A. data line
B. physical
C. network
D. transport
6. In _______, the resources need to be reserved during the

setup phase; the resources remain dedicated for the entire
duration of data transfer phase until the teardown phase.
A. datagram
ram switching
B. circuit switching
C. frame switching
7. In _________, there is no resource allocation for a packet.

A. datagram switching
C. frame switching
8. In _________, resources are allocated on demand.

C. frame switching
9. In __________, each packet is treated independently of all

others.
C. frame switching
10. In _______ there are no setup or teardown phases.

C. frame switching

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :three
Q-3 Correct Answer :two
Q-4 Correct Answer :circuit-switched
:circuit
Q-6 Correct Answer :circuit switching

Q-7 Correct Answer :datagram switching
Switching Network multiple choice questions and answers MCQ

Set-2
1. A _________ network is a cross between a circuit

circuit-switched
network and a datagram network. It has some characteristics
of both.
A. virtual-circuit
B. packet-switched
C. frame-switched
2. We can say that a packet switch has _______ types of

components
A. two
B. three
C. four
3. The simplest type of switching fabric is the ______ switch

A. crosspoint
B. crossbar
C. TSI
D. STS
4. A ________ switch is a multistage switch with

microswitches at each stage that route the packets based on
the output port represented as a binary string
A. crossbar
B. TSI
C. banyan
5. In a banyan switch, for 8 inputs and 8 outputs, we have

_____ stages
A. 8
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
6. In a banyan switch, for 8 inputs and 8 outputs, we have

_____ microswitches at each stage.
A. 8
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
7. A ________ switch combines space-division and time-

division technologies to take advantage of the best of both.
A. TST
B. SSS
C. TTT
8. The most popular technology in time-division switching is

called the _________
A. STI
B. ITS
C. TSI
9. Based on the Clos criteria, if N = 200, then n must be equal

to or greater than ____
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
10. Based on the Clos criteria, if N = 200, then k must be

equal to or greater than ____
A. 21
B. 19
C. 31
D. 41

SET 2
Q-1 Correct Answer :virtual-circuit
:virtual
Q-2 Correct Answer :four
Q-3 Correct Answer :crossbar
Q-4 Correct Answer :banyan
Q-7 Correct Answer :TST
Q-8 Correct Answer :TSI

Switching Network multiple choice questions and answers MCQ

Set-3
1. Based on the Clos criteria, if N = 200, then the minimum

number of crosspoints is greater than or equal to _______
A. 15,200
B. 18,000
C. 42,000
D. 20,000
2. In a one-stage space division switch, if N = 200, the

number of crosspoints is ______
A. 10,000
B. 20,000
C. 40,000
D. 30,000
3. In a three-stage space division switch, if N = 200, the

number of crosspoints is ______
A. 40,000
B. greater than 40,000
C. less than 40,000
D. greater than 100,000
4. A ________ switch combines crossbar switches in several

(normally three) stages
A. multistage
B. multiple crossbar
C. multiple path
5. In _______ switching, the paths in the circuit are separated

from one another spatially
A. time-division
B. space-division
C. two-dimensional
D. three-dimensional
dimensional
6. A switched WAN is normally implemented as a _______

network
A. virtual-circuit
B. datagram
C. circuit-switched
7. In a ________ network, two types of addressing are

involved: global and local
A. virtual-circuit
B. datagram
C. circuit-switched
8. The network layer in the Internet is designed as a

__________ network
A. virtual-circuit
B. datagram
C. circuit-switched
9. A switch in a datagram network uses a routing table that is

based on the ______ address
A. source
B. destination
C. local
10. The _______ address in the header of a packet in a

datagram network normally remains the same during the
entire journey of the packet
A. source
B. destination
C. local

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :15,200
Q-3 Correct Answer :less than 40,000
Q-4 Correct Answer :multistage
Q-5 Correct Answer :space-division
:space
:virtual
Q-8 Correct Answer :datagram
Q-9 Correct Answer :destination
Q-10 Correct Answer :destination
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Telephone and
Cable Networks for Data Transmission multiple choice (MCQ)
based
ased Questions and Answers PDF cover the below lists of
topics.
1. DSL Multiple Choice Question and Answer.

Answer
2. ADSL technology Multiple Choice Question
tion and Answer
Answer.
3. SDSL, HDSL, and VDSL are other DSL technologies
Answer
4. An HFC network,DOCSIS Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
5. Synchronous Optical Network (SONET),STS
multiplexer,Regenerator ,Add/drop multiplexer Multiple
Answer
1. A local telephone network is an example of a _______

network.
A. packet-switched
switched
B. circuit-switched
switched
C. message-switched
switched
2. The local loop has _______ cable that connects the

subscriber telephone to the nearest end office.
A. twisted-pair
B. coaxial
C. fiber-optic
3. Data from a computer are _______; the local loop handles

_______ signals.
A. analog; analog
B. analog; digital
C. digital; digital
D. digital; analog
4. _______ is suitable for businesses that require comparable

upstream and downstream data rates.
A. VDSL
B. ADSL
C. SDSL
D. (a) and (b)
5. DMT is a modulation technique that combines elements of

_______ and _______.
A. FDM; TDM
B. QDM; QAM
C. FDM; QAM
D. PSK; FSK
6. The largest portion of the bandwidth for ADSL carries

_______.
A. voice communication
B. upstream data
C. downstream data
D. control data
7. _______ was designed as an alternative to the T--1 line.

A. VDSL
B. ADSL
C. SDSL
D. HDSL
8. HDSL encodes data using _______.

A. 4B/5B
B. 2B1Q
C. 1B2Q
D. 6B/8T
9. Another name for the cable TV office is the _______.

A. splitter
B. fiber node
C. combiner
D. head end
10. A traditional cable TV network transmits signals ______.

A. upstream
B. downstream
C. upstream and downstream

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :circuit-switched
:circuit
Q-2 Correct Answer :twisted-pair
:twisted
Q-3 Correct Answer :digital; analog
Q-4 Correct Answer :SDSL
Q-5 Correct Answer :FDM; QAM

Q-6 Correct Answer :downstream data
Q-7 Correct Answer :HDSL
Q-8 Correct Answer :2B1Q
Q-9 Correct Answer :head end
Q-10 Correct Answer :downstream
Telephone and Cable Networks for Data Transmission multiple

choice questions and answers MCQ Set-2
Set
1. In an HFC network, the downstream data are modulated

using the _______ modulation technique.
A. PSK
B. QAM
C. PCM
D. ASK
2. In an HFC network, the upstream data are modulated using

the _______ modulation technique
A. QAM
B. QPSK
C. PCM
D. ASK
3. The standard for data transmission over an HFC network is

called _______
A. MCNS
B. DOCSIS
C. CMTS
D. ADSL
4. The original telephone network, which is referred to as the

plain old telephone system (POTS), was an ________ system
A. digital
B. analog
C. digital as well as analog
5. The modern telephone network is now ________

A. digital
B. analog
C. digital as well as analog
6. The telephone network is made of ______ major

components
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
7. The United States is divided into many _______

A. LECs
B. LATAs
C. IXCs
8. The carrier that handles intra-LATA services is called a(n)

_____
A. POP
B. IXC
C. LEC
9. The carrier that handles inter-LATA services is called a(n)

_______
A. POP
B. IXC
C. LEC
10. In ______signaling, the same circuit is used for both

signaling and data.
A. in-band
B. out-of-band
C. mixed

SET 2
Q-2 Correct Answer :QPSK
Q-3 Correct Answer :DOCSIS
Q-5 Correct Answer :digital as well as analog
Q-7 Correct Answer :LATAs
Q-8 Correct Answer :LEC
Q-9 Correct Answer :IXC
Q-10 Correct Answer :in-band

:in
Telephone and Cable Networks for Data Transmission multiple

choice questions and answers MCQ Set-3
Set
1. In ________signaling, a portion of the bandwidth is used

for signaling and another portion for data.
A. in-band
B. out-of-band
C. mixed
2. The protocol that is used for signaling in the telephone

network is called ______
A. POP
B. SSS
C. SS7
3. Telephone companies provide two types of analog

services: analog _______ services and analog _____services
A. switched; in-band
band
B. out-of-band; in-band
band
C. switched; leased
D. leased; out-of-band
band
4. The two most common digital services are ________

service and ______
A. switched/56; switched/64
B. switched/56; DDS
C. DDS; swiched 64
D. leased; out-of-band
band
5. The term modem is a composite word that refers to the two

functional entities that make up the device: a signal _______
and a signal _______
A. modulator; demodulator
B. demodulator; modulator
C. modern; demo
6. Most popular modems available are based on the

________standards
A. V-series
B. X-series
C. VX-series
7. ______technology is a set of technologies develpoed by

the telephone companies to provide high data rate
transmission
A. ASL
B. DSL
C. LDS
8. The traditional cable TV system used ________cable end

to end
A. twisted-pair
B. coaxial
C. fiber-optic
9. The second generation of cable networks is called a(n)

_________ network
A. HFC
B. HCF
C. CFH
10. The HFC network uses _______ cable

A. twisted-pair
B. coaxial
C. fiber-optic
D. a combination of (b) and (c)

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :out-of-band
:out
Q-2 Correct Answer :SS7
Q-3 Correct Answer :switched; leased
Q-4 Correct Answer :switched/56; DDS
Q-5 Correct Answer :modulator; demodulator
Q-6 Correct Answer :V-series
:V
Q-7 Correct Answer :DSL
Q-8 Correct Answer :coaxial
Q-9 Correct Answer :HFC
Q-10 Correct Answer :a combination of (b) and (c)
This Data Communication and Networking – Error Detection and

Correction multiple choice (MCQ) based Questions and Answers
PDF cover the below lists of topics.
topic
1. Single-bit
bit error or a burst error Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
2. Redundancy methods, parity check, cyclic redundancy
checks (CRC), and checksum Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
3. Hamming code Multiple Choice Question and AnswerAnswer.
1. Which error detection method uses one's complement

arithmetic?
A. Simple parity check
B. Two-dimensional
dimensional parity check
C. CRC
D. Checksum
2. Which error detection method consists of just one

redundant bit per data unit?
A. Simple parity check
B. Two-dimensional
dimensional parity check
C. CRC
D. Checksum
3. In cyclic redundancy checking, what is the CRC?

A. The divisor
B. The quotient
C. The dividend
D. The remainder
4. In cyclic redundancy checking, the divisor is _______ the

CRC
A. The same size as
B. one bit less than
C. one bit more than
5. A burst error means that two or more bits in the data unit
have changed.
A. double-bit
B. burst
C. single-bit
6. In ________ error correction, the receiver corrects errors

without requesting retransmission.
A. backward
B. onward
C. forward
7. In ________ error correction, the receiver asks the sender

to send the data again.
A. backward
B. retransmission
C. forward
8. We can divide coding schemes into two broad categories:

________ and ______coding.
A. block; linear
B. linear; nonlinear
C. block; convolution
9. In modulo-2 arithmetic, __________ give the same results.

A. addition and multiplication
B. addition and division
C. addition and subtraction
10. In modulo-2 arithmetic, we use the ______ operation for

both addition and subtraction.
A. XOR
B. OR
C. AND

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :Checksum
Q-2 Correct Answer :Simple parity check
Q-3 Correct Answer :The remainder
Q-4 Correct Answer :one bit more than
Q-5 Correct Answer :burst
Q-6 Correct Answer :forward
Q-7 Correct Answer :retransmission

Q-8 Correct Answer :block; convolution
Q-9 Correct Answer :addition and subtraction
Q-10 Correct Answer :XOR
Error Detection and Correction multiple choice questions and

answers MCQ Set-2
1. In _____ coding, we divide our message into blocks, each

of k bits, called ___.
A. block; blockwords
B. linear; datawords
C. block; datawords
2. We add r redundant bits to each block to make the length n

= k + r. The resulting n-bit blocks are called _________
A. datawords
B. blockwords
C. codewords
3. The ________ between two words is the number of

differences between corresponding bits
A. Hamming code
B. Hamming distance
C. Hamming rule
4. To guarantee the detection of up to 5 errors in all cases,

the minimum Hamming distance in a block code must be
_______
A. 5
B. 6
C. 11
5. To guarantee correction of up to 5 errors in all cases, the

minimum Hamming distance in a block code must be
________
A. 5
B. 6
C. 11
6. In a linear block code, the _______ of any two valid

codewords creates another valid codeword
A. XORing
B. ORing
C. ANDing
7. A simple parity-check
check code can detect __________ errors
A. an even-number
number of
B. two
C. no errors
D. an odd-number
number of
8. _______codes are special linear block codes with one

extra property. If a codeword is rotated, the result is another
codeword
A. Non-linear
B. Convolution
C. Cyclic
9. The _____of errors is more difficult than the ______

A. correction; detection
B. detection; correction
C. creation;
ion; correction
D. creation; detection
10. In modulo-11 arithmetic, we use only the integers in the

range ______, inclusive
A. 1 to 10
B. 1 to 11
C. 0 to 10

SET 2
Q-1 Correct Answer :block; datawords
Q-2 Correct Answer :codewords
Q-3 Correct Answer :Hamming distance
Q-6 Correct Answer :XORing
Q-7 Correct Answer :an odd-number
odd of
Q-8 Correct Answer :Cyclic
Q-9 Correct Answer :correction; detection

Q-10 Correct Answer :0 to 10
Error Detection and Correction multiple choice questions and

answers MCQ Set-3
1. In modulo-2 arithmetic, we use only ______

A. 1 and 2
B. 0 and 2
C. 0 and 1
2. Adding 1 and 1 in modulo-2

modulo arithmetic results in
_________
A. 1
B. 2
C. 0
3. In block coding, if k =2 and n =3, we have _______ invalid

codewords
A. 8
B. 4
C. 2
4. The Hamming distance between equal codewords is

_________
A. 1
B. n
C. 0
5. The Hamming distance between 100 and 001 is ________

A. 2
B. 0
C. 1
6. In block coding, if n = 5, the maximum Hamming distance

between two codewords is ________
A. 2
B. 3
C. 5
7. If the Hamming distance between a dataword and the

corresponding codeword is three, there are _____ bits in
error.
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
8. The _______ of a polynomial is the highest power in the

polynomial
A. range
B. degree
C. power
9. The divisor in a cyclic code is normally called the

_________
A. degree
B. generator
C. redundancy
10. A generator that contains a factor of ____ can detect all

odd-numbered errors.
A. x
B. x + 1
C. 1

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :0 and 1
Q-8 Correct Answer :degree
Q-9 Correct Answer :generator
Q-10 Correct Answer :x + 1
compiled from the books
book of Data Communication
ommunication and Networking
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Data Link Control
multiple choice (MCQ) basedased Questions and Answers PDF cover
the below lists of topics.
s.
1. Error control , error detection and error correction Multiple

Answer
2. Stop-and-Wait
Wait ARQ Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
3. Go-Back-N N ARQ Multiple Choice Question and AnswerAnswer.
4. Selective Repeat ARQ Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
5. Flow control mechanisms Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
6. HDLC protocol Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
1. In a Go-Back-N ARQ, if the window size is 63, what is the

range of sequence numbers?
A. 0 to 63
B. 0 to 64
C. 1 to 63
D. 1 to 64
2. In Go-Back-N ARQ, if frames 4, 5, and 6 are received

successfully, the receiver may send an ACK _______ to the
sender.
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. any of the above
3. ARQ stands for _______.

A. Automatic repeat quantization
B. Automatic repeat request
C. Automatic retransmission request
D. Acknowledge repeat request
4. For Stop-and-Wait ARQ, for 10 data packets sent, _______

acknowledgments are needed
A. exactly 10
B. less than 10
C. more than 10
5. HDLC is an acronym for _______

A. High-duplex
duplex line communication
B. High-level
level data link control
C. Half-duplex
duplex digital link combination
D. Host double-level
level circuit
6. Data link control deals with the design and procedures for
______ communication
A. node-to-node
B. host-to-host
C. process-to-process
process
7. ______ in the data link layer separates a message from one

source to a destination, or from other messages going from
other sources to other destinations
A. Digitizing
B. Controlling
C. Framing
8. In _______ framing, there is no need for defining the

boundaries of frames.
A. fixed-size
B. variable-size
C. standard
9. In ________ framing, we need a delimiter (flag) to define

the boundary of two frames.
A. fixed-size
B. variable-size
C. standard
10. _________framing uses two categories of protocols:

character-oriented and bit-oriented.
A. Fixed-size
B. Variable-size
C. Standard

SET 1

Q-3 Correct Answer :Automatic repeat request
Q-4 Correct Answer :exactly 10
Q-5 Correct Answer :High-level
:High level data link control
Q-6 Correct Answer :node-to-node
:node
Q-7 Correct Answer :Framing
Q-8 Correct Answer :fixed-size
:fixed
Q-9 Correct Answer :variable-size
:variable
Q-10 Correct Answer :Variable-size
:Variable
Data Link Control MCQ Set-2

Set
1. In a ________ protocol, the data section of a frame is a

sequence of characters.
A. bit-oriented
B. character-oriented
oriented
2. In a _________ protocol, the data section of a frame is a

sequence of bits.
A. byte-oriented
B. bit-oriented
3. In _________ protocols, we use ________

A. character-oriented;
oriented; byte stuffing
B. character-oriented;
oriented; bit stuffing
C. bit-oriented;
oriented; character stuffing
4. Byte stuffing means adding a special byte to the data

section of the frame when there is a character with the same
pattern as the ______
A. header
B. trailer
C. flag
5. In ________ protocols, we use ________

A. byte-oriented;
B. character-oriented;
C. bit-oriented;
6. Bit stuffing means adding an extra 0 to the data section of

the frame when there is a sequence of bits with the same
pattern as the ________
A. header
B. trailer
C. flag
7. _______ control refers to a set of procedures used to

restrict the amount of data that the sender can send before
waiting for acknowledgment
knowledgment
A. Flow
B. Error
C. Transmission
8. ____ control refers to methods of error detection and

correction
A. Flow
B. Error
C. Transmission
9. The Simplest Protocol and the Stop-and-Wait Protocol are

for ______ channels
A. noisy
B. noiseless
10. The Stop-And-WaitWait ARQ, Go-Back-N ARQ, and the

Selective Repeat ARQ are for ______ channels
A. noisy
B. noiseless

SET 2
Q-1 Correct Answer :character-oriented
Q-2 Correct Answer :bit-oriented
:bit
Q-3 Correct Answer :character-oriented;
:character oriented; byte stuffing
Q-4 Correct Answer :flag
Q-5 Correct Answer :bit-oriented;
:bit oriented; bit stuffing
Q-6 Correct Answer :flag

Q-7 Correct Answer :Flow
Q-8 Correct Answer :Error
Q-9 Correct Answer :noiseles
Q-10 Correct Answer :noisy

Set
1. The ____ Protocol has neither flow nor error control

A. Stop-and-Wait
B. Simplest
C. Go-Back-N ARQ
D. Selective-Repeat
Repeat ARQ
2. The _______Protocol has flow control, but not error

control
A. Stop-and-Wait
B. Simplest
C. Go-Back-N ARQ
D. Selective-Repeat
Repeat ARQ
3. The _______Protocol has both flow control and error

control
A. Stop-and-Wait
B. Go-Back-N ARQ
C. Selective-Repeat
Repeat ARQ
D. both (b) and (c)
4. In the _____ Protocol, the sender sends its frames one

after another with no regard to the receiver
A. Stop-and-Wait
B. Simplest
C. Go-Back-N ARQ
D. Selective-Repeat
Repeat ARQ
5. In the _____ Protocol, the sender sends one frame, stops

until it receives confirmation from the receiver, and then
sends the next frame.
A. Stop-and-Wait
B. Simplest
C. Go-Back-N ARQ
D. Selective-Repeat
Repeat ARQ
6. The _________Protocol, adds a simple error control

mechanism to the _______Protocol
A. Stop-and-Wait
Wait ARQ; Stop-and-Wait
Stop
B. Go-Back-N N ARQ; Stop-and-Wait
Stop
C. Selective Repeat ARQ; Go-Back-N
Go ARQ
7. In the _________Protocol, if no acknowledgment for a

frame has arrived, we resend all outstanding frames
frames.
A. Stop-and-Wait
Wait ARQ
B. Go-Back-N ARQ
C. Selective-Repeat
Repeat ARQ
8. In the _________ protocol we avoid unnecessary

transmission by sending only frames that are corrupted
A. Stop-and-Wait
Wait ARQ
B. Go-Back-N ARQ
C. Selective-Repeat
Repeat ARQ
9. Both Go-Back-N and Selective-Repeat Protocols use a

_________
A. sliding frame
B. sliding window
C. sliding packet
10. In Go-Back-N ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the

sequence number, then the maximum size of the send
window must be _____
A. 15
B. 16
C. 31
D. 1

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :Simplest
Q-2 Correct Answer :Stop-and-Wait
:Stop
Q-3 Correct Answer :both (b) and (c)
Q-4 Correct Answer :Simplest
:Stop
:Stop Wait ARQ; Stop
Stop-and-
Wait
Q-7 Correct Answer :Go-Back-N
:Go ARQ
Q-8 Correct Answer :Selective-Repeat
:Selective Repeat ARQ
Q-9 Correct Answer :sliding window


Set
1. In Go-Back-N ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the

sequence number, then the maximum size of the receive
A. 15
B. 16
C. 31
D. 1
2. In Selective Repeat ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the

sequence number, then the maximum size of the send
A. 15
B. 16
C. 31
D. 1
3. In Selective Repeat ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the

sequence number, then the maximum size of the receive
A. 15
B. 16
C. 31
D. 1
4. High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a _______ protocol

for communication over point-to-point and multipoint links.
A. bit-oriented
B. byte-oriented
C. character-oriented
oriented
5. The most common protocol for point-to-point access is the

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), which is a _________protocol
A. bit-oriented
B. byte-oriented
C. character-oriented
oriented
6. ______ control refers to a set of procedures used to

restrict the amount of data that the sender can send before
waiting for acknowledgment.
A. Flow
B. Error
C. Transmission
7. _________control in the data link layer is based on

automatic repeat request, which is the retransmission of
data.
A. Flow
B. Error
C. Transmission
8. In Stop-and-Wait ARQ, we use sequence numbers to

number the frames. The sequence numbers are based on
__________arithmetic
A. modulo-2
B. modulo-4
C. modulo-m
9. In Stop-and-Wait ARQ, the acknowledgment number

always announces in ______ arithmetic the sequence
number of the next frame expected
A. modulo-2
B. modulo-4
C. modulo-m
10. In the Go-Back-N Protocol, if the size of the sequence

number field is 8, the sequence numbers are in ________
arithmetic
A. modulo-2
B. modulo- 8
C. modulo-256

Q-4 Correct Answer :bit-oriented
:bit
Q-5 Correct Answer :byte-oriented
:byte

Q-7 Correct Answer :Error
Q-8 Correct Answer :modulo-2
:modulo
:modulo

Set
1. Stop-and-Wait ARQ is a special case of Go-Back

Back-N ARQ in
which the size of the send window is 1.
A. 2
B. 1
C. 8
2. In _________, the station configuration is unbalanced. We

have one primary station and multiple secondary stations.
A. ABM
B. NRM
C. ARM
D. NBM
3. In _________, the configuration is balanced. The link is

point-to-point, and each station can function as a primary
and a secondary
A. ABM
B. NRM
C. ARM
D. NBM
4. In PPP, the ________ is responsible for establishing,

maintaining, configuring, and terminating links
A. NCP
B. LCP
C. CHAP
D. PAP
5. In PPP, ________ is a simple authentication procedure with

a two-step process:
A. NCP
B. LCP
C. CHAP
D. PAP
6. In PPP, _______ is a three-way hand-shaking

authentication protocol in which the password is kept secret;
it is never sent online.
A. NCP
B. LCP
C. CHAP
D. PAP

SET 5
Q-2 Correct Answer :NRM
Q-3 Correct Answer :ABM
Q-4 Correct Answer :LCP
Q-5 Correct Answer :PAP
Q-6 Correct Answer :CHAP
Q-7
Q-8
Q-9
Q-10
by the well known author behrouz A forouzan.
This Data Communication and Networking – Multiple Access

multiple choice (MCQ) based Questions and Answers PDF cover
the below lists of topic.
1. Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Multiple Choice Question and

Answer.
2. Link Control Protocol (LCP) Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
3. Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) Multiple Choice
4. Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)
5. Network Control Protocol (NCP) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
6. Internetwork Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP) Multiple
1. In ________ each station sends a frame whenever it has a

frame to send.
A. pure ALOHA
B. slotted ALOHA
C. both (a) and (b)
2. In pure ALOHA, the vulnerable time is ______ the frame

transmission time.
A. the same as
B. two times
C. three times
3. The maximum throughput for pure ALOHA is ________ per

cent.
A. 12.2
B. 18.4
C. 36.8
4. In __________, each station is forced to send only at the

beginning of the time slot
A. pure ALOHA
B. slotted ALOHA
C. both (a) and (b)
5. In slotted ALOHA, the vulnerable time is ______ the frame

transmission time.
A. the same as
B. two times
C. three times
6. The maximum throughput for pure ALOHA is ________ per

cent.
A. 12.2
B. 18.4
C. 36.8
7. The vulnerable time for CSMA is the ________propagation

time.
A. the same as
B. two times
C. three times
8. In the _________ method, after the station finds the line

idle, it sends its frame immediately. If the line is not idle, it
continuously senses the line until it finds it idle.
A. nonpersistent
B. 1-persistent
C. p-persistent
9. In the ________method, a station that has a frame to send

senses the line. If the line is idle, it sends immediately. If the
line is not idle, it waits a random amount of time and then
senses the line again.
A. nonpersistent
B. 1-persistent
C. p-persistent
10. In the _______method, after the station finds the line idle
it sends or refrain from sending based on the outcome of a
random number generator. If the line is busy, it tries again
A. nonpersistent
B. 1-persistent
C. p-persistent

Q-1 Correct Answer :pure ALOHA
Q-2 Correct Answer :two times
Q-3 Correct Answer :18.4
Q-4 Correct Answer :slotted ALOHA
Q-5 Correct Answer :the same as
Q-7 Correct Answer :the same as
Q-8 Correct Answer :1-persistent
Q-9 Correct Answer :nonpersistent
Q-10 Correct Answer :p-persistent
Multiple Access MCQ Set-2
1. We have categorized access methods into _______

groups.
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
2. In ___________ methods, no station is superior to another

station and none is assigned the control over another
A. random access
B. controlled access
C. channelization
3. In ______, the chance of collision can be reduced if a

station senses the medium before trying to use it.
A. MA
B. CSMA
C. FDMA
D. CDMA
4. _______ requires that each station first listen to the

medium before sending.
A. MA
B. CSMA
C. FDMA
D. CDMA
5. __________ augments the CSMA algorithm to detect

collision
A. CSMA/CA
B. CSMA/CD
D. both (a) and (b)
6. in ________, a station monitors the medium after it sends a

frame to see if the transmission was successful. If so, the
station is finished. If, however, there is a collision, the frame
is sent again
A. CSMA/CA
B. CSMA/CD
D. both (a) and (b)
7. To avoid collisions on wireless networks, ________was

invented.
A. CSMA/CA
B. CSMA/CD
D. both (a) and (b)
8. In _______, collisions are avoided through the use of three

strategies: the interframe space, the contention window, and
acknowledgments.
A. CSMA/CA
B. CSMA/CD
D. both (a) and (b)
9. In _______ methods, the stations consult one another to

find which station has the right to send
A. random access
C. channelization
10. In _______ methods, a station cannot send unless it has

been authorized by other stations.
A. random access
C. channelization

Q-2 Correct Answer :random access
Q-3 Correct Answer :CSMA
Q-4 Correct Answer :CSMA
Q-5 Correct Answer :CSMA/CD
Q-6 Correct Answer :CSMA/CD
Q-7 Correct Answer :CSMA/CA
Q-9 Correct Answer :controlled access
Q-10 Correct Answer :controlled access
1. We discussed ______ popular controlled-access methods

A. two
B. three
C. four
2. In the ________ method, a station needs to make a

reservation before sending data. Time is divided into
intervals.
A. reservation
B. polling
C. token passing
3. In the _____ method, time is divided into intervals. In each

interval, a reservation frame precedes the data frames sent in
that interval.
A. reservation
B. polling
C. token passing
4. In the ______ method, all data exchanges must be made

through the primary device even when the ultimate
destination is a secondary device.
A. reservation
B. polling
C. token passing
5. In the _______ method, the primary device controls the

link; the secondary devices follow its instructions.
A. reservation
B. polling
C. token passing
6. In the _______ method, the stations in a network are

organized in a logical ring.
A. reservation
B. polling
C. token passing
7. In the _______ method, each station has a predecessor

and a successor
A. reservation
B. polling
C. token passing
8. In the _________ method, a special packet called a ______

circulates through the ring.
A. reservation: control frame
B. polling: poll request
C. token passing: token
9. _______ is a multiple-access method in which the available

bandwidth of a link is shared in time, frequency, or through
code, between different stations
A. Random access
B. Controlled access
C. Channelization
10. We discussed ________ channelization protocols

A. two
B. three
C. four

Q-2 Correct Answer :reservation

Q-3 Correct Answer :reservation
Q-4 Correct Answer :polling
Q-6 Correct Answer :token passing
Q-7 Correct Answer :token passing
Q-8 Correct Answer :token passing: token
Q-9 Correct Answer :Channelization
1. In ________, the available bandwidth is divided into

frequency bands.
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
2. In ______, each station is allocated a band to send its data.

In other words, each band is reserved for a specific station,
and it belongs to the station all the time.
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
3. In _______, the stations share the bandwidth of the

channel in time.
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
4. In _____, each station is allocated a time slot during which

it can send data. Each station transmits its data in its
assigned time slot.
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
5. In _____, each station transmits its data in its assigned

time slot
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
6. In ______, the stations use different codes to achieve

multiple access.
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
7. _______ is based on coding theory and uses sequences of

numbers called chips
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
8. In _______, the sequences are generated using orthogonal

codes such the Walsh tables
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA

Q-1 Correct Answer :FDMA
Q-3 Correct Answer :TDMA
Q-6 Correct Answer :CDMA
Q-9
Q-10
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Wired LANs:
Ethernet multiple choice (MCQ) based Questions and Answers
PDF covers the below lists of topics.
topic
1. Medium access methods Multiple Choice Question and

Answer.
2. Carrier sense multiple-access
multiple (CSMA) method Mu Multiple
Answer
3. Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection
(CSMA/CD) Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
4. Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance
(CSMA/CA) Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
5. Reservation, polling,
ing, and token passing controlled
controlled-access
methods Multiple Choice Question and Answer.
Answer
6. FDMA, TDMA, and CDMA channelization methods Multiple
1. What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the Ethernet

address 01011010 00010001 01010101 00011000 10101010
00001111?
A. 5A:88:AA:18:55:F0
B. 5A:81:BA:81:AA:0F
C. 5A:11:55:18:AA:0F
D. 5A:18:5A:18:55:0F
2. If an Ethernet destination address is 07:01:02:03:04:05,

then this is a ______ address.
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
D. any of the above
3. If an Ethernet destination address is 08:07:06:05:44:33,

then this is a ______ address.
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
D. any of the above
4. Which of the following could not be an Ethernet unicast

destination?
A. 43:7B:6C:DE:10:00
B. 44:AA:C1:23:45:32
C. 46:56:21:1A:DE:F4
D. 48:32:21:21:4D:34
5. Which of the following could not be an Ethernet multicast

destination?
A. B7:7B:6C:DE:10:00
B. 7B:AA:C1:23:45:32
C. 7C:56:21:1A:DE:F4
D. 83:32:21:21:4D:34
6. _______ is the most widely used local area network

protocol.
A. Token Ring
B. Token Bus
C. Ethernet
7. The IEEE 802.3 Standard defines _________ CSMA/CD as

the access method for first-generation 10-Mbps Ethernet.
A. 1-persistent
B. p-persistent
C. non-persistent
8. The _______ layer of Ethernet consists of the LLC sublayer

and the MAC sublayer.
A. data link
B. physical
C. network
9. The _____ sublayer is responsible for the operation of the

CSMA/CD access method and framing.
A. LLC
B. MII
C. MAC
10. Each station on an Ethernet network has a unique

_______ address imprinted on its network interface card
(NIC).
A. 5-byte
B. 32-bit
C. 48-bit

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :5A:11:55:18:AA:0F
Q-2 Correct Answer :multicast
Q-3 Correct Answer :unicast
Q-4 Correct Answer :43:7B:6C:DE:10:00
Q-5 Correct Answer :7C:56:21:1A:DE:F4
Q-6 Correct Answer :Ethernet
Q-7 Correct Answer :1-persistent
:1
Q-9 Correct Answer :MAC
Q-10 Correct Answer :48-bit
:48
Wired LANs: Ethernet MCQ Set-2

Set
1. The minimum frame length for 10-Mbps Ethernet is

_______bytes.
A. 32
B. 80
C. 128
2. The maximum frame length for 10-Mbps Ethernet is

________ bytes.
A. 1518
B. 1500
C. 1200
3. _________ uses thick coaxial cable

A. 10Base5
B. 10Base2
C. 10Base-T
D. 10Base-F
4. __________ uses thin coaxial cable

A. 10Base5
B. 10Base2
C. 10Base-T
D. 10Base-F
5. _________ uses four twisted-pair cables that connect each

station to a common hub.
A. 10Base5
B. 10Base2
C. 10Base-T
D. 10Base-F
6. _______ uses fiber-optic

fiber cable
A. 10Base5
B. 10Base2
C. 10Base-T
D. 10Base-F
7. Fast Ethernet has a data rate of ________Mbps.

A. 10
B. 100
C. 1000
D. 10000
8. In _________, autonegotiation allows two devices to

negotiate the mode or data rate of operation.
A. Standard
B. Fast Ethernet
C. Gigabit Ethernet
D. Ten-Gigabit
Gigabit Ethernet
9. _________ uses two pairs of twisted-pair cable.

A. 100Base-TX
B. 100Base-FX
C. 100Base-T4
10. ________ uses two fiber-optic cables.

A. 100Base-TX
B. 100Base-FX
C. 100Base-T4

Q-3 Correct Answer :10Base5
Q-4 Correct Answer :10Base2
Q-5 Correct Answer :10Base-T
:10Base
Q-6 Correct Answer :10Base-F
:10Base
Q-8 Correct Answer :Fast Ethernet
Q-9 Correct Answer :100Base-TX

:100Base
Q-10 Correct Answer :100Base-FX
:100Base

Set
1. ________ uses four pairs of voice-grade, or higher,

twisted-pair cable.
A. 100Base-TX
B. 100Base-FX
C. 100Base-T4
2. Gigabit Ethernet has a data rate of ________Mbps

A. 10
B. 100
C. 1000
D. 10000
3. Gigabit Ethernet access methods include _______ mode.

A. half-duplex
B. full-duplex
C. both (a) and (b)
4. _________ uses two optical fibers and a short-wave

wave laser
source,
A. 1000Base-SX
B. 1000Base-LX
C. 1000Base-T
5. _________uses two optical fibers and a long-wave

wave laser
source
A. 1000Base-SX
B. 1000Base-LX
C. 1000Base-T
6. __________ uses four twisted pairs.

A. 1000Base-SX
B. 1000Base-LX
C. 1000Base-T
7. _______ uses short-wave

short 850-nm multimode fiber
A. 10GBase-S
B. 10GBase-L
C. 10GBase-E
8. ________uses long-wave
long 1310-nm single mode fiber
A. 10GBase-S
B. 10GBase-L
C. 10GBase-E
9. ________ uses 1550-mm

1550 single mode fiber
A. 10GBase-S
B. 10GBase-L
C. 10GBase-E
10. In Ethernet addressing, if the least significant bit of the

first byte is 0, the address is _________
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :100Base-T4
Q-4 Correct Answer :1000Base-SX
:1000Base
Q-5 Correct Answer :1000Base-LX
:1000Base
Q-6 Correct Answer :1000Base-T
:1000Base
Q-7 Correct Answer :10GBase-S
:10GBase
Q-8 Correct Answer :10GBase-L
:10GBase
Q-9 Correct Answer :10GBase-E

Set
1. In Ethernet addressing, if the least significant bit of the

first byte is 1, the address is _________
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
2. In Ethernet addressing, if all the bits are 1s, the address is

_________
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
3. _____defines a protocol data unit (PDU) that is somewhat

similar to that of HDLC
A. MAC
B. LLC
C. LLU
4. The purpose of the _______ is to provide flow and error

control for the upper-layer
upper protocols that actually demand
these services
A. MAC
B. LLC
C. LLU
5. In the Ethernet, the _______field is actually added at the

physical layer and is not (formally) part of the frame.
A. CRC
B. preamble
C. address
6. In the Ethernet frame, the _______ field contains error

detection information
A. CRC
B. preamble
C. address
7. Standard Ethernet (10-Mbps) uses _______ encoding

A. NRZ
B. AMI
C. Manchester
D. differential Manchester
8. 100Base-TX uses _________ block coding and ________

line coding.
A. 4B/5B; NRZ
B. 8B/10B; NRZ
C. 4B/5B; MLT-3
D. 8B/10B; NRZ
9. 100Base-FX uses _________ block coding and ________

line coding
A. 4B/5B; NRZ-I
B. 8B/10B; NRZ
C. 4B/5B; MLT-3
D. 8B/10B; NRZ
10. 100Base-T4 uses ________ line coding

A. NRZ
B. 8B6T
C. MLT-3
D. Manchester

SET 4
Q-2 Correct Answer :broadcast
Q-3 Correct Answer :LLC
Q-4 Correct Answer :LLC
Q-5 Correct Answer :preamble
Q-6 Correct Answer :CRC
Q-7 Correct Answer :Manchester
Q-8 Correct Answer :4B/5B; MLT-3
MLT
Q-9 Correct Answer :4B/5B; NRZ-I
NRZ
Q-10 Correct Answer :8B6T
by the
In this section of Data Communication and Networking –

Wireless LANs multiple choice (MCQ) based ased Questions and
Answers PDF covers the below lists of topics.
topic
1. Ethernet Multiple Choice Question and Answer.

Answer
2. IEEE 802.3 standard Multiple Choice Question and Answer.
3. LLC sublayer and the MAC sublayer Multiple Choice
Answer
4. 10Base5 (thick Ethernet), 10Base2 (thin Ethernet), 10Base
10Base-
T (twisted-pair
pair Ethernet), and 10Base-FL
10Base FL (fiber link Ethernet)
Answer
5. Fast Ethernet Multiple
Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
6. Common Fast Ethernet implementations , 100Base100Base-TX (two
pairs of twisted-pair
pair cable), 100Base-FX
100Base FX (two fiber
fiber-optic
cables), and 100Base-T4
100Base (four pairs of voice-grade,
grade, or
higher, twisted-pair
pair cable) Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
7. Gigabit Ethernet Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
8. common Gigabit Ethernet implementations , 1000Base
1000Base-SX
(two optical fibers and a shortwave laser source), 100Base
100Base-
LX (two optical fibers and a long-wave
long wave laser source), and
100Base-T T (four twisted
twiste pairs) Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.

1. IEEE has defined the specifications for a wireless LAN,

called _______, which covers the physical and data link
layers.
A. IEEE 802.3
B. IEEE 802.5
C. IEEE 802.11
D. IEEE 802.2
2. In IEEE 802.11, a ___ is made of stationary or mobile

wireless stations and an optional central base station, known
as the access point (AP).
A. ESS
B. BSS
C. CSS
3. In IEEE 802.11, a BSS without an AP is called an

_________.
A. an ad hoc architecture
B. an infrastructure network
4. In IEEE 802.11, a BSS with an AP is sometimes referred to

as ____________
A. an ad hoc architecture
B. an infrastructure network
5. In IEEE 802.11, communication between two stations in

two different BSSs usually occurs via two ________.
A. BSSs
B. ESSs
C. APs
6. In IEEE 802.11, a station with ________ mobility is either

stationary (not moving) or moving only inside a BSS.
A. no-transition
B. BSS-transition
C. ESS-transition
7. In IEEE 802.11, a station with ________mobility can move

from one BSS to another, but the movement is confined
inside one ESS.
A. no-transition
B. BSS-transition
C. ESS-transition
8. In IEEE 802.11, a station with ________ mobility can move

from one ESS to another.
A. no-transition
B. BSS-transition
C. ESS-transition
9. In IEEE 802.11, _______ is an optional access method that

can be implemented in an infrastructure network (not in an
ad hoc network)
A. DCF
B. PCF
10. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is going from one station in

a BSS to another without passing through the distribution
system, the address flag is _____
A. 00
B. 01
C. 10
D. 11

SET 1
Q-1 Correct Answer :IEEE 802.11
Q-2 Correct Answer :BSS
Q-3 Correct Answer :an ad hoc architecture
Q-4 Correct Answer :an infrastructure network
Q-5 Correct Answer :APs
Q-6 Correct Answer :no-transition
:no
Q-7 Correct Answer :BSS-transition
Q-8 Correct Answer :ESS-transition
:ESS
Q-9 Correct Answer :PCF
Wireless LANs MCQ Set-2

Set
1. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is coming from an AP and

going to a station, the address flag is _______.
A. 00
B. 01
C. 10
D. 11
2. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is going from a station to an

AP, the address flag is _____
A. 00
B. 01
C. 10
D. 11
3. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is going from one AP to

another AP in a wireless distribution system, the address
flag is _____
A. 00
B. 01
C. 10
D. 11
4. The IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless LANs defines two

services: ______ and _______
A. BSS; ASS
B. ESS; SSS
C. BSS; ESS
D. BSS; DCF
5. In IEEE 802.11, the access method used in the DCF

sublayer is _________
A. ALOHA
B. CSMA/CA
C. CSMA/CD
6. In IEEE 802.11, the access method used in the PCF

sublayer is ______
A. contention
B. controlled
C. polling
7. In IEEE 802.11, the ______ is a timer used for collision

avoidance
A. NAV
B. BSS
C. ESS
8. In IEEE 802.11, the MAC layer frame has ______ fields

A. four
B. five
C. six
9. In IEEE 802.11, the addressing mechanism can include up

to ______addresses
A. four
B. five
C. six
10. The original IEEE 802.11, uses _________

A. FHSS
B. DSSS
C. OFDM
D. either (a) or (b)

Q-4 Correct Answer :BSS; ESS
Q-7 Correct Answer :NAV

Set
1. The IEEE 802.11a, uses _________

A. FHSS
B. DSSS
C. OFDM
2. The IEEE 802.11b, uses _________

A. FHSS
B. DSSS
C. OFDM
3. The IEEE 802.11g, uses _________

A. FHSS
B. DSSS
C. OFDM
4. The original IEEE 802.11, has a data rate of _____Mbps.

A. 1
B. 6
C. 11
D. 22
5. IEEE 802.11a, has a data rate of _____Mbps

A. 1
B. 2
C. 6
6. IEEE 802.11b, has a data rate of _____Mbps

A. 1
B. 2
C. 5.5
7. IEEE 802.11g, has a data rate of _____Mbps

A. 1
B. 2
C. 11
D. 22
8. The IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs use ________ types of

frames
A. four
B. five
C. six
9. Bluetooth is a _______ technology that connects devices

(called gadgets) in a small area
A. wired LAN
B. wireless LAN
C. VLAN
10. A Bluetooth network is called a ________.

A. piconet
B. scatternet
C. bluenet

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :OFDM
Q-2 Correct Answer :DSSS
Q-3 Correct Answer :OFDM

Q-9 Correct Answer :wireless LAN
Q-10 Correct Answer :piconet

Set
1. In Bluetooth, multiple ________ form a network called a

_________
A. scatternet; piconets
B. piconets: scatternet
C. piconets: bluenet
D. bluenet; scatternet
2. A Bluetooth network consists of _____ primary device(s)

and up to ____ secondary devices.
A. one; five
B. five; three
C. two; six
D. one; seven
3. The RTS and CTS frames in CSMA/CA ____ solve the

hidden station problem. The RTS and CTS frames in
CSMA/CA ____ solve the exposed station problem.
A. can; cannot
B. cannot; can
C. can; can
D. cannot; cannot
4. In Bluetooth, the current data rate is ____Mbps

A. 2
B. 5
C. 11
e
5. In Bluetooth, the _______ layer is roughly equivalent to the

physical layer of the Internet model.
A. radio
B. baseband
C. L2CAP
6. In Bluetooth, the _____layer is roughly equivalent to the

MAC sublayer in LANs.
A. radio
B. baseband
C. L2CAP
7. In Bluetooth, the L2CAP sublayer, is roughly equivalent to

the LLC sublayer in LANs
A. radio
B. baseband
C. L2CAP
8. The access method in Bluetooth is ________

A. FDMA
B. TDD-TDMA
C. CDMA
9. In Bluetooth, the _____ link is used when avoiding latency

(delay in data delivery) is more important than integrity
(error-free delivery).
A. SCO
B. ACL
C. ACO
D. SCL
10. In Bluetooth, the _____ link is used when data integrity is

more important than avoiding latency.
A. SCO
B. ACL
C. ACO
D. SCL

SET 4
Q-1 Correct Answer :piconets: scatternet
Q-2 Correct Answer :one; seven
Q-3 Correct Answer :can; cannot
Q-5 Correct Answer :radio
Q-6 Correct Answer :baseband
Q-7 Correct Answer :L2CAP
Q-8 Correct Answer :TDD-TDMA
:TDD
Q-9 Correct Answer :SCO
Q-10 Correct Answer :ACL

This
his Data Communication and Networking – Connecting
ecting LANs,
Backbone Networks, and Virtual LANs multiple choice
Questions and Answers (MCQ) PDF covers the below lists of
topics.
1. IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless LANs Multiple Choice

Answer
2. Physical
sical layer methods Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
3. Frequency-hopping
hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) Multiple
Answer
4. Direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) Multiple Choice
Answer
5. Orthogonal frequency-division
frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) Multiple
Answer
6. High-rate
rate direct sequence spread spectrum (HR-
(HR
DSSS) Multiple Choice Question and Answer
7. Bluetooth network Multiple Choice Question and Answer
1. A repeater is a connecting device that operates in the

_______ layer of the Internet model.
A. physical
B. data link
C. network
D. all of the above
2. A _______ regenerates a signal, connects segments of a

LAN, and has no filtering capability.
A. repeater
B. bridge
C. router
3. A _______ is a connecting device that operates in the

physical and data link layers of the Internet model.
A. repeater
B. bridge
C. router
4. A ________ bridge can forward and filter frames and

automatically build its forwarding table.
A. simple
B. dual
C. transparent
5. A bridge can use the _________ algorithm to create a

loopless topology.
A. binary tree
B. spanning tree
C. multiway tree
6. A _______ LAN allows several LANs to be connected.

A. backbone
B. wireless
C. wired
7. A backbone is usually a ______.

A. bus
B. star
8. A virtual local area network (VLAN) is configured by

_________
A. software
B. physical wiring
C. hardware
9. Membership in a VLAN can be based on _________.

A. port numbers
B. MAC addresses
C. IP addresses
D. all of the above
10. VLANs can_________.

A. reduce network traffic
B. provide an extra measure of security
D. both (a) and (b)

Q-2 Correct Answer :repeater

Q-3 Correct Answer :bridge
Q-4 Correct Answer :transparent
Q-5 Correct Answer :spanning tree
Q-6 Correct Answer :backbone
Q-8 Correct Answer :software
Q-9 Correct Answer :all of the above
Connecting LANs, Backbone Networks, and Virtual LANs MCQ

Set-2
1. _________ is just a connector

A. An active hub
B. A passive hub
2. In a star-topology Ethernet LAN, _______ is just a point

where the signals coming from different stations collide; it is
the collision point.
A. An active hub
B. A passive hub
3. ________ is part of the media; its location in the Internet

model is below the physical layer.
A. An active hub
B. A passive hub
4. A _______ is a device that operates only in the physical

layer.
A. passive hub
B. repeater
C. bridge
D. router
5. A ________receives a signal and, before it becomes too

weak or corrupted, regenerates the original bit pattern. It
then sends the refreshed signal.
A. passive hub
B. repeater
C. bridge
D. router
6. A __________ forwards every frame; it has no filtering

capability.
A. passive hub
B. repeater
C. bridge
D. router
7. ________ is actually a multiport repeater. It is normally

used to create connections between stations in a physical
star topology
A. An active hub
B. A passive hub
8. A ________ operates in both the physical and the data link

layer.
A. passive hub
B. repeater
C. bridge
D. router
9. A _______ can check the MAC addresses contained in the

frame.
A. passive hub
B. repeater
C. bridge
D. router
10. A ______ has a table used in filtering decisions.

A. passive hub
B. repeater
C. bridge

SET 2
Q-1 Correct Answer :A passive hub

Q-7 Correct Answer :An active hub

Set-3
1. A ________ is a device in which the stations are

completely unaware of its existence.
A. passive hub
B. repeater
C. simple bridge
D. transparent bridge
2. IEEE 802.1d specification, defines _________ criteria for a

transparent bridges.
A. two
B. three
C. four
3. A spanning tree is a graph in which there is no _____.

A. node
B. branch
C. loop
D. arc
4. In a bridged LAN, the _______ algorithm creates a

topology in which each LAN can be reached from any other
LAN through one path only.
A. spanning tree
B. binary tree
C. unary tree
5. A three-layer switch is a kind of ________

A. repeater
B. bridge
C. router
6. A two-layer switch is a ______.

A. repeater
B. bridge
C. router
7. Some new two-layer

layer switches, called _______ switches,
have been designed to forward the frame as soon as they
check the MAC addresses in the header of the frame
A. cut-through
B. go-through
C. come-through
8. A _______ is a three-layer
three device that handles packets
based on their logical addresses.
A. repeater
B. bridge
C. router
9. A ______ normally connects LANs and WANs in the

Internet and has a table that is used for making decisions
about the route.
A. repeater
B. bridge
C. router
10. A ______ switch is a faster and more sophisticated

router.
A. two-layer
B. three-layer
C. four-layer

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :transparent bridge
Q-3 Correct Answer :loop
Q-4 Correct Answer :spanning tree
Q-5 Correct Answer :router
Q-7 Correct Answer :cut-through

Q-10 Correct Answer :three-layer
:three

Set-4
1. A ________ is normally a computer that operates in all five

layers of the Internet model or seven layers of OSI model.
A. repeater
B. bridge
C. router
D. gateway
2. A _____ can be used as a connecting device between two

internetworks that use different models.
A. repeater
B. bridge
C. router
D. gateway
3. In a _____ backbone, the backbone is just one switch

A. bus
B. ring
C. star
4. A ________ link acts as a LAN in a remote backbone

connected by remote bridges
A. point-to-point
B. multipoint
C. multidrop
5. VLANs create _________ domains

A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
6. In a(n) _______ configuration, the administrator types the

port numbers, the IP addresses, or other characteristics,
using the VLAN software.
A. manual
B. automatic
C. semiautomatic
7. In a(n) _____ configuration, the stations are automatically

connected or disconnected from a VLAN using criteria
defined by the administrator
A. manual
B. automatic
C. semiautomatic
8. In a(n) ______ configuration, the initializing is done

manually, with migrations done automatically.
A. manual
B. automatic
C. semiautomatic

SET 4
Q-1 Correct Answer :gateway
Q-2 Correct Answer :gateway
Q-3 Correct Answer :star
Q-4 Correct Answer :point-to-point
:point
Q-6 Correct Answer :manual
Q-7 Correct Answer :automatic
Q-8 Correct Answer :semiautomatic
Q-9
Q-10
This Data Communication and Networking – Wireless WANs –

Cellular Telephone and Satellite Networks multiple choice
Questions and Answers (MCQ) PDF covers the below lists of
topics.
1. Repeater Multiple Choice Question and Answer.

Answer
2. Bridge Multiple Choice Question and Answer.
3. Backbone LAN Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
4. Virtual local area network (VLAN) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
1. AMPS operates in the ISM _____ band

A. 800-MHz
B. 900-MHz
C. 1800-MHz
2. _______ is a first-generation
generation cellular phone system
A. AMPS
B. D-AMPS
C. GSM
3. __________ is a second-generation
second cellular phone system.
A. AMPS
B. D-AMPS
C. GSM
4. ____________ is a digital version of AMPS

A. GSM
B. D-AMPS
C. IS-95
5. __________ is a second-generation
second cellular phone system
used in Europe.
A. GSM
B. D-AMPS
C. IS-95
6. ________ is a second-generation
second cellular phone system
based on CDMA and DSSS.
A. GSM
B. D-AMPS
C. IS-95
7. The __________ cellular phone system will provide

universal personal communication
A. first-generation
B. second-generation
generation
C. third-generation
8. In a ______ handoff, a mobile station only communicates

with one base station
A. hard
B. soft
C. medium
9. In a ______ handoff, a mobile station can communicate

with two base stations at the same time
A. hard
B. soft
C. medium
10. ______ is an analog cellular phone system using FDMA.

A. AMPS
B. D-AMPS
C. GSM

Q-1 Correct Answer :800-MHz
:800
Q-2 Correct Answer :AMPS
Q-3 Correct Answer :D-AMPS
:D
Q-4 Correct Answer :D-AMPS
:D
Q-5 Correct Answer :GSM
Q-6 Correct Answer :IS-95
:IS
Q-7 Correct Answer :third-generation
:third
Q-8 Correct Answer :hard
Q-9 Correct Answer :soft
Q-10 Correct Answer :AMPS
Wireless WANs – Cellular Telephone and Satellite Networks MCQ

Set-2
1. In AMPS, each band is divided into ______ channels

A. 800
B. 900
C. 1000
2. AMPS has a frequency reuse factor of _______

A. 1
B. 3
C. 5
D. 7
3. AMPS uses ______ to divide each 25-MHz band into

channels
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
4. D-AMPS uses ______ to divide each 25-MHz band into

channels
A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
D. both (a) and (b)
5. GSM allows a reuse factor of _______

A. 1
B. 3
C. 5
D. 7
6. GSM is a digital cellular phone system using ________

A. FDMA
B. TDMA
C. CDMA
D. both (a) and (b)
7. IS-95 is based on ____________

A. FDMA
B. CDMA
C. DSSS
D. all of the above
8. IS-95 uses the ISM _______band

A. 800-MHz
B. 900-MHz
C. 1900-MHz
D. either (a) or (c)
9. IS-95 uses the _______ satellite system for

synchronization
A. GPS
B. Teledesic
C. Iridium
10. In an IS-95 system, the frequency-reuse factor is normally

_____
A. 1
B. 3
C. 5
D. 7

SET 2
Q-8 Correct Answer :either (a) or (c)
Q-9 Correct Answer :GPS

Set-3
1. In the third generation of cellular phones, _______ uses W-

CDMA.
A. IMT-DS
B. IMT-MC
C. IMT-TC
D. IMT-SC
2. In the third generation of cellular phones, ________ uses

CDMA2000
A. IMT-DS
B. IMT-MC
C. IMT-TC
D. IMT-SC
3. In the third generation of cellular phones, ______ uses a

combination of W-CDMA
CDMA and TDMA.
A. IMT-DS
B. IMT-MC
C. IMT-TC
D. IMT-SC
4. In the third generation of cellular phones, _______ uses

TDMA.
A. IMT-DS
B. IMT-MC
C. IMT-TC
D. IMT-SC
5. The period of a satellite, the time required for a satellite to

make a complete trip around the Earth, is determined by
_________ law
A. Kepler's
B. Newton's
C. Ohm's
6. The signal from a satellite is normally aimed at a specific

area called the _________
A. path
B. effect
C. footprint
7. There is (are) _____ orbit(s) for a GEO satellite

A. one
B. two
C. many
8. MEO satellites are located at altitudes between km.

A. 3000 and 5000
B. 5000 and 10,000
C. 5000 and 15,000
9. LEO satellites are normally below an altitude of ________

km.
A. 1000
B. 2000
C. 3000
10. ______ is based on a principle called trilateration

A. GPS
B. Teledesic
C. Iridium

SET 3
Q-1 Correct Answer :IMT-DS
:IMT
Q-2 Correct Answer :IMT-MC
:IMT
Q-3 Correct Answer :IMT-TC
:IMT
Q-4 Correct Answer :IMT-SC
:IMT
Q-5 Correct Answer :Kepler's
Q-6 Correct Answer :footprint
Q-7 Correct Answer :one
Q-8 Correct Answer :5000 and 15,000

Set-4
1. Low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites have _____ orbits.

A. equatorial
B. polar
C. inclined
2. A GEO is at the ________ orbit and revolves in phase with

Earth.
A. equatorial
B. polar
C. inclined
3. GPS satellites are ________ satellites

A. GEO
B. MEO
C. LEO
4. _______ satellites provide time and location information

for vehicles and ships.
A. GPS
B. Iridium
C. Teledesic
5. Iridium satellites are ________satellites

A. GEO
B. MEO
C. LEO
6. ________ satellites can provide direct universal voice and

data communications for handheld terminals
A. GPS
B. Iridium
C. Teledesic
7. Teledesic satellites are _________satellites

A. GEO
B. MEO
C. LEO
8. _____ satellites will provide universal broadband Internet

access.
A. GPS
B. Iridium
C. Teledesic

SET 4
Q-1 Correct Answer :polar
Q-2 Correct Answer :equatorial
Q-3 Correct Answer :MEO
Q-5 Correct Answer :LEO
Q-6 Correct Answer :Iridium
Q-7 Correct Answer :LEO
Q-8 Correct Answer :Teledesic
Q-9
Q-10
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – SONET/SDH
multiple choice Questions and Answers (MCQ) PDF covers the
below lists of topics.
1. Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) Multiple Choice

Answer
2. Digital AMPS (D--AMPS) Multiple Choice Question an and
Answer.
3. Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) Multiple
Answer
4. Interim Standard 95 (IS-95)
(IS Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
5. satellite network Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
6. geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) Multiple Choice
oice Question
and Answer.
7. Global Positioning System (GPS) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
1. _______ is a standard developed by ANSI for fiber-optic

optic
networks.
A. SONET
B. SDH
2. _______ is a standard developed by ITU-T.

A. SONET
B. SDH
C. either (a) or (b
D. neither (a) nor (b
3. SONET has defined a hierarchy of signals called ________

A. STSs
B. STMs
4. SDH has defined a hierarchy of signals called ________.

A. STSs
B. STMs
5. An ______ signal is the optical modulation of an STS-n

n (or STM-
n) signal.
A. OC-n
B. TDM-n
C. FDM-n
6. SONET defines _______ layers.

A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
7. SONET is a _______ TDM system

A. asynchronous
B. synchronous
C. statistical
8. A SONET system can use _________

A. STS multiplexers
B. regenerators
C. add/drop multiplexers
D. all of the above
9. SONET sends ________ frames per second

A. 1000
B. 2000
C. 4000
D. 8000
10. In SONET each frame lasts _______ microseconds

A. 20
B. 64
C. 128

Q-1 Correct Answer :SONET
Q-2 Correct Answer :SDH
Q-3 Correct Answer :STSs
Q-4 Correct Answer :STMs
Q-5 Correct Answer :OC-n
:OC

SONET SDH MCQ Set-2

SONET-
1. An STS-1 frame is made of ________ rows

A. 1
B. 9
C. 90
2. An STS-1 frame is made ______columns

A. 1
B. 9
C. 90
3. An STS-3 frame is made of ______ rows

A. 1
B. 9
C. 27
4. An STS-3 frame is made of ________ columns

A. 9
B. 90
C. 270
5. SONET network topologies can be __________

A. linear
B. ring
C. mesh
D. all of the above
6. A linear SONET network can be __________

A. point-to-point
B. multipoint
7. A ring SONET network can be _________

A. unidirectional
B. bidirectional
8. To make SONET backward-compatible

backward with the current
hierarchy, its frame design includes a system of.
A. OCs
B. STMs
C. STSs
D. VTs
9. A ________ is a repeater
A. regenerator
B. ADM
C. STS multiplexer/demultiplexer
10. _________ allow insertion and extraction of signals

A. regenerators
B. ADMs
C. STS multiplexer/demultiplexers

Q-8 Correct Answer :VTs
Q-9 Correct Answer :regenerator
Q-10 Correct Answer :ADMs
SONET SDH MCQ Set-3

SONET-
1. A _______ is the optical link connecting two neighbor devices.

A. section
B. line
C. path
2. A ______ is the portion of the network between two multiplexers.

A. section
B. line
C. path
3. A ______is the end-to

to-end portion of the network between two
STS multiplexers
A. section
B. line
C. path
4. The ______ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal

from its optical source to its optical destination
A. section
B. line
C. path
D. photonic
5. The ____ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal across

a physical line.
A. section
B. line
C. path
D. photonic
6. The ______ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal

across a physical section
A. section
B. line
C. path
D. photonic
7. The _______ layer corresponds to the physical layer of the OSI

model
A. section
B. line
C. path
D. photonic
8. An STS multiplexer is a ______ device

A. one-layer
B. two-layer
C. three-layer
D. four-layer
9. An add/drop multiplexer is a ______ device

A. one-layer
B. two-layer
C. three-layer
D. four-layer
10. A regenerator is a ________ device

A. one-layer
B. two-layer
C. three-layer
D. four-layer

Q-1 Correct Answer :section
Q-3 Correct Answer :path
Q-6 Correct Answer :section
Q-7 Correct Answer :photonic
Q-8 Correct Answer :four-layer
:four
Q-9 Correct Answer :three-layer
:three
Q-10 Correct Answer :two-layer
:two
SONET SDH MCQ Set-4

SONET-
1. In SONET, for each frame, the bytes are transmitted __________

A. from left to the right, top to bottom
B. from right to the left, bottom to top
C. from left to the right, bottom to top
D. from right to the left, top to bottom
2. In SONET, for each byte, the bits are transmitted ____________

A. from least significant to the most significant
B. from most significant to the least significant
C. two at a time
D. three at a time
3. Each ________in a SONET frame can carry a digitized voice

channel
A. bit
B. byte
C. frame
4. The section overhead consists of ______octets

A. 1
B. 6
C. 9
D. 18
5. Line overhead consists of ________ bytes

A. 1
B. 6
C. 9
D. 18
6. The path overhead consists of ______ bytes

A. 1
B. 6
C. 9
D. 18
7. In ________ APS, there are normally two lines: one working line
and one protection line. Both lines are active all the time
A. one-plus-one
B. one-to-one
C. one-to-many
8. In ______ APS, there is one working line and one protection line.
The data are normally sent on the working line until it fails.
A. one-plus-one
B. one-to-one
C. one-to-many
9. In ________APS, there is only one protection line for many

working lines. When a failure occurs in one of the working lines, the
protection line takes control until the failed line is repaired
A. one-plus-one
B. one-to-one
C. one-to-many

Q-1 Correct Answer :from left to the right, top to
bottom
Q-2 Correct Answer :from most significant to the
least significant
Q-3 Correct Answer :byte

Q-7 Correct Answer :one-plus-one
:one
Q-8 Correct Answer :one-to-one
:one
Q-9 Correct Answer :one-to-many
:one
Q-10
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – VirtualVirtual-Circuit
Networks: Frame Relay and ATM multiple choice Questions and
Answers (MCQ) PDF covers
cover the below lists of topics.
1. Virtual circuit switching Multiple Choice Question and

Answer.
2. Frame Relay Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
3. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Multiple Choice
Answer
4. User-to-network
network interface (UNI) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
5. Network-to-network
network interface (NNI) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
1. ________ is a virtual-circuit
virtual wide-area network that was designed
in response to demands for a new type of WAN in the late 1980s and
early 1990s.
A. X.25
B. Frame Relay
C. ATM
2. Frame Relay provides ________

A. PVCs
B. SVCs
3. VCIs in Frame Relay are called ______.

A. PVC
B. SVC
C. DLCIs
4. In Frame Relay, when a _____ is selected, the corresponding

table entry is recorded for all switches by the administrator
A. PVC
B. SVC
5. In Frame Relay, when. ______ is selected, it requires establishing

and terminating phases
A. PVC
B. an SVC
6. Frame Relay has _______

A. only the physical layer
B. only the data link
C. the physical and data link layers
D. the physical, data link, and network layers
7. At the data link layer, Frame Relay uses a protocol that supports
_____control
A. flow
B. error
8. In Frame Relay, an address can be ________ bytes

A. only 2
B. 2 to 3
C. 2 to 4
9. In Frame Relay, the EA field defines the number of bytes; it is

_____ in the last byte of the address
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
10. To handle frames arriving from other protocols, Frame Relay

uses a device called a _________
A. VOFR
B. FRAD
C. MUX

Q-1 Correct Answer :Frame Relay
Q-3 Correct Answer :DLCIs
Q-4 Correct Answer :PVC
Q-5 Correct Answer :an SVC

Q-6 Correct Answer :the physical and data link layers
Q-7 Correct Answer :neither (a) nor (b)
Q-10 Correct Answer :FRAD
Virtual-Circuit
Circuit Networks: Frame Relay and ATM MCQ Set
Set-2
1. Frame Relay networks offer an option called ______________

that sends voice through the network.
A. VOFR
B. FRAD
C. MUX
2. ________ is the cell relay protocol designed by the corresponding

Forum and adopted by the ITU-T
A. X.25
B. Frame Relay
C. ATM
3. A _______ is defined as a small, fixed-size block of information

A. frame
B. packet
C. cell
4. In ATM, a virtual connection is defined by _________

A. VPI
B. VCI
C. DLCI
D. a combination of (a) and (b)
5. The ATM standard defines ______ layers

A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
6. The VPI of a UNI is _______ bits in length

A. 8
B. 12
C. 16
D. 24
7. The VPI of an NNI is _______ bits in length

A. 8
B. 12
C. 16
D. 24
8. The ATM data packet is a cell composed of ______ bytes

A. 40
B. 50
C. 52
D. 53
9. ______ eliminates the varying delay times associated with

different-size packets
A. X.25
B. Frame Relay
C. ATM
D. all of the above
10. A(n) ______ is the interface between a user and an ATM switch.
A. UNI
B. NNI
C. NNN

Q-1 Correct Answer :VOFR
Q-2 Correct Answer :ATM
Q-3 Correct Answer :cell
Q-4 Correct Answer :a combination of (a) and (b)
Q-10 Correct Answer :UNI
Virtual-Circuit
Circuit Networks: Frame Relay and ATM MCQ Set
Set-3
1 ________ is the interface between two ATM switches.

A. UNI
B. NNI
C. NNN
2. In ATM, connection between two endpoints is accomplished

through _______
A. TPs
B. VPs
C. VCs
D. all of the above
3. In ATM, the _______layer accepts transmissions from upper-

layer services and maps them into ATM cells
A. physical
B. ATM
C. AAL
4. In ATM, the ______ layer provides routing, traffic management,

switching, and multiplexing services
A. physical
B. ATM
C. AAL
5. In ATM, the _____ layer defines the transmission medium, bit

transmission, encoding, and electrical-to-optical transformation
A. physical
B. ATM layer
C. AAL
6. The AAL is divided into _______ sublayers

A. two
B. three
C. four
7. In ATM, ______ is for constant-bit-rate data.

A. AAL1
B. AAL2
C. AAL3/4
D. AAL5
8. In ATM, _______is for short packets

A. AAL1
B. AAL2
C. AAL3/4
D. AAL5
9. In ATM, _____ is for conventional packet switching (virtual

(virtual-
circuit approach or datagram approach).
A. AAL1
B. AAL2
C. AAL3/4
D. AAL5
10. In ATM, ______ is for packets requiring no sequencing and no

error control mechanism.
A. AAL1
B. AAL2
C. AAL3/4
D. AAL5

Q-1 Correct Answer :NNI
Q-3 Correct Answer :AAL
Q-7 Correct Answer :AAL1
Q-9 Correct Answer :AAL3/4
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Network Layer:
Logical Addressing multiple choice Questions and Answers
(MCQ) PDF cover the below lists of topics.
topic
1. Packet switching Multiple Choice Question and Answer

Answer.
2. The datagram approach and the virtual circuit approach
Answer
3. Internet address (or IP address) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
4. classes of IP addresses Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
5. Unicast communication Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
6. Multicast communication
communica Multiple Choice Question and
Answer
7. Subetting ,Subnet masking Multiple Choice Question and
Answer
8. DHCP-dynamic
dynamic configuration protocol Multiple Choice
Question and Answer
9. Network address translation (NAT) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer
10. IP protocol,IPv6 Multiple Choice Question and Answer
11. Next-hop
hop routing ,Network-specific
,Network specific routing ,Host
,Host-
specific routing ,default routing,static routing Multiple Choice
Question and Answer
12. Classless addressing Multiple Choice Question and
Answer

1. An IPv4 address consists of _______ bits.

A. 4
B. 8
C. 32
D. 64
2. In IPv4, class _______ has the greatest number of addresses in

each block
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
3. Identify the class of the following IPv4 address: 4.5.6.7.

A. A
B. B
C. C

A. A
B. B
C. D

A. A
B. B
C. C
6. What is the result of ANDing 255 and 15?

A. 255
B. 15
C. 0

A. 255
B. 15
C. 0

A. 254
B. 14
C. 0

A. 192
B. 65
C. 64
10. Which one is not a contiguous mask?

A. 255.255.255.254
B. 255.255.224.0
C. 255.148.0.0
D. all are

Q-2 Correct Answer :A
Q-3 Correct Answer :A
Q-4 Correct Answer :D
Q-5 Correct Answer :B
Q-10 Correct Answer :255.148.0.0
Network Layer: Logical Addressing MCQ Set-2

Set 2
1. The number of addresses in a class C block is _______

A. 65,534
B. 16,777,216
C. 256
2. The number of addresses in a class B block is _______

A. 65,536
B. 16,777,216
C. 256
3. The number of addresses in a class A block is _______

A. 65,534
B. 16,777,216
C. 256
4. The number of addresses assigned to an organization in classless

addressing _______
A. can be any number
B. must be a multiple of 256
C. must be a power of 2
5. The first address assigned to an organization in classless

addressing _______
A. must be a power of 4
B. must be evenly divisible by the number of addresses
C. must belong to one of the A, B, or C classes
6. Which address could be the beginning address of a block

of 32 classless addresses
A. 2.4.6.5
B. 2.4.6.16
C. 2.4.6.64
7. Which address could be the beginning address of a block of 16

classless addresses?
A. 2.4.6.5
B. 2.4.6.15
C. 2.4.6.62
8. Which address could be the beginning address of a block of 256

classless addresses
A. 2.4.6.5
B. 2.4.6.15
C. 2.4.6.0
9. What is the first address of a block of classless addresses if one of

the addresses is 12.2.2.76/27?
A. 12.2.2.0
B. 12.2.2.32
C. 12.2.2.64
10. What is the first address of a block of classless addresses if one

of the addresses is 12.2.2.76/10?
A. 12.0.0.0
B. 12.2.0.0
C. 12.2.2.2

Q-3 Correct Answer :16,777,216
Q-4 Correct Answer :must be a power of 2
Q-5 Correct Answer :must be evenly divisible by the
number of addresses

Set 3
1. What is the first address of a block of classless addresses if one of

A. 12.2.2.0
B. 12.2.2.96
C. 12.2.2.112
2. Find the number of addresses in a block of classless addresses if

one of the addresses is 12.2.2.7/24.
A. 32
B. 64
C. 256
3. Find the number of addresses in a block of classless addresses if

one of the addresses is 12.2.2.7/30.
A. 2
B. 4
C. 8
4. What is the last address of a block of classless addresses if one of

A. 12.2.2.16
B. 12.2.2.112
C. 12.2.2.127
5. What is the last address of a block of classless addresses if one of

A. 12.2.2.2
B. 12.2.2.6
C. 12.2.2.7
6. An organization is granted a block; one address is 2.2.2.64/20.

The organization needs 10 subnets. What is the subnet prefix
length?
A. /20
B. /24
C. /25
7. An organization is granted a block; one address is 2.2.2.64/25. If

the subnet prefix length is /28, what is the maximum number of
subnets?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 8
8. An organization is granted a block of classless addresses with the

starting address 199.34.76.64/28. How many addresses are granted?
A. 8
B. 16
C. 32
9. An organization is granted a block of classless addresses with the

starting address 199.34.76.128/29.
199.34.76.1 How many addresses are
granted?
A. 8
B. 16
C. 32
10. An organization is granted a block of classless addresses with

the starting address 199.34.32.0/27. How many addresses are
granted?
A. 8
B. 16
C. 32

Q-6 Correct Answer :/24

Set 4
1. In classless addressing, the ______ is another name for the

common part of the address range
A. suffix
B. prefix
C. netid
2. In classless addressing, the _______ is the varying part (similar to

the hostid).
A. suffix
B. prefix
C. hostid
3. In classless addressing, the prefix length defines the

_____________
A. netid
B. hostid
C. mask
4. In a block, the prefix length is /24; what is the mask?

A. 255.255.255.0
B. 255.255.242.0
C. 255.255.0.0
5. In a block, the prefix length is /15; what is the mask?

A. 255.254.0.0
B. 255.255.255.0
C. 255.255.255.128
6. In a block, the mask is 255.255.192.0; what is the prefix length?

A. /20
B. /28
C. /18
7. An IPv6 address is _________ bits long

A. 32
B. 64
C. 128
8. What is the default mask for class A in CIDR notation?

A. /9
B. /8
C. /16
9. What is the default mask for class B in CIDR notation?

A. /9
B. /8
C. /16
10. What is the default mask for class C in CIDR notation?

A. /24
B. /8
C. /16

Q-1 Correct Answer :prefix
Q-2 Correct Answer :suffix
Q-3 Correct Answer :mask


Set 5
1. An IPv6 address consists of ________ bytes (octets);

A. 4
B. 8
C. 16
2. To make addresses more readable, IPv6 specifies

____________notation
A. dotted decimal
B. hexadecimal colon
C. both a and b
3. In hexadecimal colon notation, a 128-bit address is divided into

_______ sections, each _____ hexadecimal digits in length
A. 8: 2
B. 8: 3
C. 8: 4
4. An IPv6 address can have up to __________ colons

A. 8
B. 7
C. 4
5. An IPv6 address can have up to __________ hexadecimal digits

A. 16
B. 32
C. 8
6. In IPv6, _______ address defines a single computer

A. a unicast
B. a multicast
C. an anycast
7. In IPv6, ____ address defines a group of computers with

addresses that have the same prefix
A. a unicast
B. a multicast
C. an anycast
8. In IPv6, _________ address defines a group of computers

A. a unicast
B. a multicast
C. an anycast
9. In IPv6, the ________ prefix defines the purpose of the address

A. type
B. purpose
C. both a and b
10. In IPv6, the___________ address is generally used by a normal

host as a unicast address.
A. provider-based
based unicast
B. link local
C. site local

Q-2 Correct Answer :hexadecimal colon
Q-3 Correct Answer :8: 4
Q-6 Correct Answer :a unicast
Q-7 Correct Answer :an anycast
Q-8 Correct Answer :a multicast
Q-9 Correct Answer :type
Q-10 Correct Answer :provider-based
:provider based unicast
by the
This
Internet Protocol multiple choice Questions and Answers (MCQ)
PDF covers the below lists of topics.
topic
1. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Multiple Choice

Answer
2. Internet Protocol Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
3. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Multiple Choice
Answer
4. IPv6 Multiple Choice Question and Answer.
Answer
1. A best-effort delivery service such as IPv4 includes _______.

A. error checking
B. error correction
C. datagram acknowledgment
2. In IPv4 header, an HLEN value of decimal 10 means _______

A. there are 10 bytes of options
B. there are 40 bytes of options
C. there are 10 bytes in the header
D. there are 40 bytes in the header
3. In IPv4, what is the value of the total length field in bytes if the
header is 28 bytes and the data field is 400 bytes?
A. 428
B. 407
C. 107
D. 427
4. In IPv4, what is the length of the data field given an HLEN value
of 12 and total length value of 40,000?
A. 39,988
B. 40,012
C. 40,048
D. 39,952
5. An IPv4 datagram is fragmented into three smaller datagrams.

Which
of the following is true?
A. The do not fragment bit is set to 1 for all three datagrams.
B. The more fragment bit is set to 0 for all three datagrams
C. The identification field is the same for all three datagrams.
D. The offset field is the same for all three datagrams
6. In IPv4, if the fragment offset has a value of 100, it means that

_____
A. the datagram has not been fragmented
B. the datagram is 100 bytes in i size
C. the first byte of the datagram is byte 100
D. the first byte of the datagram is byte 800
7. In IPv4, what is needed to determine the number of the last byte

of a fragment?
A. Identification number
B. Offset number
C. Total length
D. (b) and (c)
8. The IPv4 header size _______

A. is 20 to 60 bytes long
B. is always 20 bytes long
C. is always 60 bytes long
D. depends on the MTU
9. Which of the following is a necessary part of the IPv6 datagram?

A. Base header
B. Extension header
C. Data packet from the upper layer
D. (a) and (c)
10. In IPv6, the _______ field in the base header restricts the
lifetime of a datagram
A. version
B. next-header
C. hop limit
D. neighbor-advertisement
advertisement

Q-2 Correct Answer :there are 40 bytes in the header
Q-5 Correct Answer :The identification field is the

same for all three datagrams.
Q-6 Correct Answer :the first byte of the datagram is
byte 800
Q-7 Correct Answer :(b) and (c)
Q-8 Correct Answer :is 20 to 60 bytes long
Q-9 Correct Answer :Base header
Q-10 Correct Answer :hop limit
Network Layer: Internet Protocol MCQ Set-2

Set
1. The ________ protocol is the transmission mechanism used by

the TCP/IP suite.
A. ARP
B. IP
C. RARP
2. IP is _________ datagram protocol

A. an unreliable
B. a connectionless
C. both a and b
3. The term ________ means that IP provides no error checking or

tracking. IP assumes the unreliability of the underlying layers and
does its best to get a transmission through to its destination, but
with no guarantees.
A. reliable delivery
oriented delivery
C. best-effort
effort delivery
4. In IPv4, an HLEN value of decimal 10 means _______

A. there are 10 bytes of options
B. there are 40 bytes of options
C. there are 40 bytes in the header
5. In IPv4, which field or bit value unambiguously identifies the

datagram as a fragment?
A. Do not fragment bit ? 0
B. More Fragment bit ? 0
C. Fragment offset = 1000
6. The IPv4 header size _______

A. is 20 to 60 bytes long
B. is 20 bytes long
C. is 60 bytes long
7. In IPv4, when a datagram is encapsulated in a frame, the total

size of the datagram must be less than the _______
A. MUT
B. MAT
C. MTU
8. The IPv4 header field formerly known as the service type field is
now called the _______ field
A. IETF
B. checksum
C. differentiated services
9. In IPv6, options are inserted between the _________ and the

___________ data
A. base header; extension header
B. base header; upper-layer
upper data
C. base header; frame header
10. IPv6 allows _________ security provisions than IPv4.

A. more
B. less
C. the same level

Q-2 Correct Answer :both a and b
Q-3 Correct Answer :best-effort
:best delivery
Q-4 Correct Answer :there are 40 bytes in the header
Q-5 Correct Answer :Fragment offset = 1000
Q-6 Correct Answer :is 20 to 60 bytes long
Q-7 Correct Answer :MTU
Q-8 Correct Answer :differentiated services
Q-9 Correct Answer :base header; upper-layer

upper layer data
Q-10 Correct Answer :more
by the
This
Address Mapping, Error Reporting, and Multicasting multiple
choice Questions and Answers (MCQ) PDF covers the below lists
of topics.
1. RIP and OSPF Multiple Choice Question and Answer

Answer.
2. LSA and BGP Multiple
Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
3. Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Multiple
Answer
4. DVRMP Multiple Choice Question and Answer.
Answer
5. Reverse path forwarding (RPF) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
6. Reverse path broadcasting (RPB) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
7. Core-Based
Based Tree (CBT) protocol Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
8. PIM-DM – a source-based
source routing protocol Multiple Choice
Answer
9. PIM-SM – a group-shared
group routing protocol Multiple Choice
Ans
1. A _______ address is an internetwork address with universal

jurisdiction.
A. physical
B. logical
C. a and b
2. The logical addresses in the Internet are called _______ addresses

A. port
B. IP
C. Email
3. A ________ is a local address. Its jurisdiction is over a local

network.
A. physical
B. logical
C. a and b
4. If the sender is a host and wants to send a packet to another host

on the same network, the logical address that must be mapped to a
physical address is ______
A. the destination IP address in the datagram header
B. the IP address of the router found in the routing table
C. either a or b
5. If the sender is a host and wants to send a packet to another host

on another network, the logical address that must be mapped to a
physical address is ______.
C. either a or b
6. The sender is a router that has received a datagram destined for

a host on another network. The logical address that must be mapped
to a physical address is ______.
C. either a or b
7. The sender is a router that has received a datagram destined for

a host on the same network. The logical address that must be
mapped to a physical address is ______.
C. either a or b
8. In _______, a table associating a logical address with a physical

address is updated manually.
A. static mapping
B. dynamic mapping
C. physical mapping
9. _______ is a dynamic mapping protocol in which a physical

address is found for a given logical address.
A. ARP
B. RARP
C. both a and b
10. The target hardware address on an Ethernet is _______ in an

ARP request
A. 0x000000000000
B. 0.0.0.0
C. variable
D. class dependent

Q-1 Correct Answer :logical
Q-4 Correct Answer :the destination IP address in
the datagram header
Q-5 Correct Answer :the IP address of the router
found in the routing table
Q-6 Correct Answer :the IP address of the router
found in the routing table
Q-7 Correct Answer :the destination IP address in
the datagram header
Q-8 Correct Answer :static mapping
Q-9 Correct Answer :ARP
Q-10 Correct Answer :0x000000000000
Network Layer: Address Mapping, Error Reporting, and Multicasting

MCQ Set-2
1. An ARP reply is normally _______

A. broadcast
B. multicast
C. unicast
2. An ARP request is normally _______

A. broadcast
B. multicast
C. unicast
3. A technique called ______ is used to create a subnetting effect.

A. ARP
B. RARP
C. proxy ARP
4. A _______ is an ARP that acts on behalf of a set of hosts

A. ARP
B. RARP
C. proxy ARP
5. ICMP is a _________ layer protocol

A. data link
B. transport
C. network
6. ICMP messages are divided into two broad categories:

_____________
A. query and error reporting messages
B. request and response messages
C. request and reply messages
7. An ICMP message has _____ header and a variable-size

size data
section
A. a 16-byte
B. a 32-byte
C. an 8-byte
8. Which of the following is true about ICMP messages?

A. An ICMP error message may be generated for an ICMP
error message
B. An ICMP error message may be generated for each
fragment
C. An ICMP error message may be generated for a multicast
datagram.
D. none is true
9. Which of the following is true about ICMP messages?

A. An ICMP error message may be generated for an ICMP
error message
B. An ICMP error message may be generated only for the first
fragment
C. An ICMP error message may be generated for a multicast
datagram.
D. none is true
10. IGMP is a companion to the ______ protocol.

A. UDP
B. TCP
C. ICM

Q-3 Correct Answer :proxy ARP
Q-4 Correct Answer :proxy ARP
Q-6 Correct Answer :query and error reporting
messages
Q-7 Correct Answer :an 8-byte
8
Q-8 Correct Answer :none is true
Q-9 Correct Answer :An ICMP error message may
be generated only for the first fragment
Network Layer: Address Mapping, Error Reporting, and Multicasting

MCQ Set-3
1. IGMP is _______ protocol

A. an error reporting
B. a group management
C. a transmission
2. IGMP helps a ________ router create and update a list of loyal

members related to each router interface.
A. broadcast
B. unicast
C. multicast
3. IGMP operates __________

A. locally
B. globally
C. both a and b
4. An IGMP query is sent from a _______ to a _______

A. host; host
B. host; router
C. router; host or router
5. The _______ is used by a router in response to a received leave

report
A. general query message
B. special query message
C. membership report
6. The least significant 23 bits in a 48-bit Ethernet address identify a

________
A. multicast router
B. host
C. multicast group
7. The _______ field of the IGMP message is all zeros in a query

message.
A. version
B. type
C. group address
8. A multicast message is sent from _______ to _______.

A. one source; one destination
B. one source; multiple destinations
C. multiple sources; one destination
9. In networks that do not support physical multicast addressing,

multicasting can be accomplished through _______
A. mapping
B. queries
C. tunneling
10. If four hosts on a network belong to the same group, a total of

_______ sent in response to a general query message.
A. one membership report is

B. two membership reports are
C. three membership reports are

Q-1 Correct Answer :a group management
Q-3 Correct Answer :locally
Q-4 Correct Answer :router; host or router
Q-5 Correct Answer :special query message
Q-6 Correct Answer :multicast group
Q-7 Correct Answer :group address
Q-8 Correct Answer :one source; multiple
destinations
Q-9 Correct Answer :tunneling
Q-10 Correct Answer :two membership reports are
by the
This
Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing multiple choice Questions
and Answers (MCQ) PDF covers the below lists of topic
topics.
1. Transport-layer
layer protocols,UDP and TCP Multiple Choice
Answer
2. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Multiple Choice
Answer
1. In _______ delivery, both the deliverer of the IP packet and the

destination are on the same network.
A. a connectionless
B. a direct
C. an indirect
2. In _______ delivery, the deliverer of the IP packet and the

destination are on different networks
A. a connection-oriented
oriented
B. a direct
C. an indirect
3. In _______ forwarding, the full IP address of a destination is

given in the routing table.
A. next-hop
B. network-specific
C. host-specific
D. default
4. In _______ forwarding, the mask and destination addresses are

both 0.0.0.0 in the routing table
A. next-hop
B. network-specific
C. host-specific
D. default
5. In _______ forwarding, the destination address is a network

address in the routing table
A. next-hop
B. network-specific
C. host-specific
D. default
6. In _______ forwarding, the routing table holds the address of just

the next hop instead of complete route information.
A. next-hop
B. network-specific
C. host-specific
D. default
7. The idea of address aggregation was designed to alleviate the

increase in routing table entries when using ________
A. classful addressing
B. classless addressing
C. both a and b
8. The principle of ________ states that the routing table is sorted

from the longest mask to the shortest mask
A. first mask matching
B. shortest mask matching
C. longest mask matching
9. The use of hierarchy in routing tables can ________ the size of

the routing tables
A. reduce
B. increase
C. both a and b
10. _______ deals with the issues of creating and maintaining

routing tables.
A. Forwarding
B. Routing
C. Directing

Q-1 Correct Answer :a direct
Q-2 Correct Answer :an indirect
Q-3 Correct Answer :host-specific
:host
Q-4 Correct Answer :default

Q-5 Correct Answer :network-specific
:network
Q-6 Correct Answer :next-hop
:next
Q-7 Correct Answer :classless addressing
Q-8 Correct Answer :longest mask matching
Q-9 Correct Answer :reduce
Q-10 Correct Answer :Routing
Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing MCQ Set

Set-2
1. A _______ routing table contains information entered manually.

A. static
B. dynamic
C. hierarchical
2. A _______ routing table is updated periodically using one of the

dynamic routing protocols
A. static
B. dynamic
C. hierarchical
3. The input and output ports of a router perform the ________

layer functions of the router.
A. physical and data link
B. network
C. transport
4. The routing processor of a router performs the ________ layer

functions of the router
A. physical and data link
B. network
C. transport
5. The task of moving the packet from the input queue to the output
queue in a router is done by _________
A. input and output ports
B. routing processor
C. switching fabrics
6. A static table is one _______

A. with manual entries
B. which is updated automatically
C. either a or b
7. A dynamic table is one _______

A. with manual entries
B. which is updated automatically
C. either a or b
8. For purposes of routing, the Internet is divided into ___________

A. wide area networks
B. autonomous networks
C. autonomous systems
9. ____________ is a group of networks and routers under the

authority of a single administration.
A. An autonomous system
B. An area
C. a and b
10. Routing inside an autonomous system is referred to as

_______________
A. interdomain routing
B. intradomain routing
C. both a and b

Q-1 Correct Answer :static
Q-2 Correct Answer :dynamic
Q-3 Correct Answer :physical and data link
Q-5 Correct Answer :switching fabrics
Q-6 Correct Answer :with manual entries
Q-7 Correct Answer :which is updated automatically
Q-8 Correct Answer :autonomous systems
Q-9 Correct Answer :An autonomous system
Q-10 Correct Answer :intradomain routing

Set-3
1. Routing between autonomous systems is referred to as

____________
A. interdomain routing
B. intradomain routing
C. both a and b
2. In _______ routing, the least cost route between any two nodes is
the route with the minimum distance.
A. path vector
B. distance vector
C. link state
3. In ________, each node maintains a vector (table) of minimum

distances to every node.
A. path vector
B. distance vector
C. link state
4. In distance vector routing, each node periodically shares its

routing table with _________ and whenever there is a change.
A. every other node
B. its immediate neighbors
C. one neighbor
5. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is an intradomain

routing based on _________ routing
A. distance vector
B. link state
C. path vector
6. The metric used by _______ is the hop count

A. OSPF
B. RIP
C. BGP
7. The _________ routing uses the Dijkstra algorithm to build a

routing table.
A. distance vector
B. link state
C. path vector
8. The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is an intradomain

routing protocol based on _______ routing
A. distance vector
B. link state
C. path vector
9. The _______ protocol allows the administrator to assign a cost,

called the metric, to each route
A. OSPF
B. RIP
C. BGP
10. In OSPF, a ________ link connects two routers without any

other host or router in between
A. point-to-point
B. transient
C. stub

Q-1 Correct Answer :interdomain routing
Q-2 Correct Answer :distance vector
Q-4 Correct Answer :its immediate neighbors
Q-6 Correct Answer :RIP
Q-7 Correct Answer :link state
Q-9 Correct Answer :OSPF
Q-10 Correct Answer :point-to-point
:point

Set-4
1. In OSPF, a _______ link is a network with several routers

attached to it.
A. point-to-point
B. transient
C. stub
2. In OSPF, a ________ link is a network is connected to only one

router.
A. point-to-point
B. transient
C. stub
3. In OSPF, when the link between two routers is broken, the

administration may create a _________ link between them using a
longer path that probably goes through several routers
A. point-to-point
B. transient
C. stub
4. In ________ routing, we assume that there is one node (or more)

in each autonomous system that acts on behalf of the entire
autonomous system
A. distant vector
B. path vector
C. link state
5. ______ is an interdomain routing protocol using path vector

routing
A. BGP
B. RIP
C. OSPF
6. To create a neighborhood relationship, a router running BGP

sends an ________ message
A. open
B. update
C. keepalive
7. An area is _______
A. part of an AS
B. composed of at least two ASs
C. another term for an AS
8. A one-to-all communication between one source and all hosts on

a network is classified as a _______ communication.
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
9. A one-to-many communication between one source and a specific

group of hosts is classified as a _______ communication.
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
10. A one-to-one communication between one source and one

destination is classified as a _______ communication.
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast

Q-1 Correct Answer :transient
Q-2 Correct Answer :stub
Q-4 Correct Answer :path vector
Q-5 Correct Answer :BGP
Q-6 Correct Answer :open
Q-7 Correct Answer :part of an AS
Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing MCQ Set-5
1. In ______, the router forwards the received packet through only

one of its interfaces.
A. unicasting
B. multicasting
C. broadcasting
2. In _______, the router may forward the received packet through

several of its interfaces
A. unicasting
B. multicasting
C. broadcasting
3. Emulation of ________ through ___________ is not efficient and

may create long delays.
A. unicasting; multiple unicasting
B. multicasting; multiple unicasting
C. broadcasting; multicasting
4. In unicast routing, each router in the domain has a table that

defines a ______ path tree to possible destinations
A. average
B. longest
C. shortest
5. In multicast routing, each involved router needs to construct a

________ path tree for each group.
A. average
B. longest
C. shortest
6. In the _______ tree approach, each router needs to have one

shortest path tree for each group.
A. group-shared
B. source-based
C. a or b
7. In the group-shared tree approach, _________ involved in

multicasting
A. only the core router is
B. all routers are
C. only some routers are
8. Multicast link state routing uses the _______ tree approach

A. source-based
B. group-shared
C. a or b
9. The Multicast Open Shortest Path First (MOSPF) protocol is an

extension of the OSPF protocol that uses multicast routing to create
source-based trees. The protocol is based on _______ routing
A. distance vector
B. link state
C. path vector
10. MOSPF is a _______ protocol

A. data-driven
B. command-driven
C. both a and b

Q-1 Correct Answer :unicasting
Q-2 Correct Answer :multicasting
Q-3 Correct Answer :multicasting; multiple unicasting
Q-4 Correct Answer :shortest
Q-6 Correct Answer :source-based
:source
Q-7 Correct Answer :only the core router is
:source
Q-10 Correct Answer :data-driven
:data

Set-6
1. _________ broadcasts packets, but creates loops in the systems.

A. Forwarding
B. Flooding
C. Backwarding
2. In RPF, a router forwards only the copy that has traveled the
_______ path from the source to the router.
A. shortest
B. longest
C. average
3. RPF eliminates the ________ in the flooding process

A. forwarding
B. backwarding
C. flooding
4. RPF guarantees that each network receives only ____ of the

multicast packet.
A. one copy
B. two copies
C. a or b
5. RPB creates a shortest path _______ tree from the source to each
destination
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast
6. RPB guarantees that each destination receives _________ of the

packet
A. one copy
B. no copies
C. multiple copies
7. In ________, the multicast packet must reach only those

networks that have active members for that particular group.
A. RPF
B. RPB
C. RPM
8. ______ adds pruning and grafting to _______ to create a

multicast shortest path tree that supports dynamic membership
changes
A. RPM; RPB
B. RPB; RPM
C. RPF: RPM
9. _________ is an implementation of multicast distance vector

routing.
It is a source-based routing protocol, based on RIP.
A. MOSPF
B. DVMRP
C. CBT
10. DVMRP is a ________routing protocol, based on RIP

A. source-based
B. group-shared
C. both a and b

Q-1 Correct Answer :Flooding
Q-6 Correct Answer :one copy
Q-7 Correct Answer :RPM
Q-8 Correct Answer :RPM; RPB
Q-9 Correct Answer :DVMRP
:source
Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing MCQ Set-7
1. Pruning and grafting are strategies used in _______

A. RPF
B. RPB
C. RPM
2. A _______ message tells an upstream router to stop sending

multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.
A. weed
B. graft
C. prune
3. A _______ message tells an upstream router to start sending

multicast messages for a specific group through a specific router.
A. weed
B. graft
C. prune
4. CBT is a ________ protocol that uses a core as the root of the tree
A. source-based
B. group-shared
C. a or b
5. PIM-DM is used in a _______ multicast environment, such as a

LAN.
A. dense
B. sparse
C. a or b
6. PIM-SM is used in a _______multicast environment such as a

WAN.
A. dense
B. sparse
C. a or b
7. In _______, a logical tunnel is established by encapsulating the

multicast packet inside a unicast packet.
A. UNIBONE
B. MULTBONE
C. MBONE

Q-1 Correct Answer :RPM
Q-2 Correct Answer :prune
Q-3 Correct Answer :graft
Q-4 Correct Answer :group-shared
:group
Q-5 Correct Answer :dense
Q-6 Correct Answer :sparse
Q-7 Correct Answer :MBONE
Q-8
Q-9
Q-10
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Process-toto-Process
Delivery: UDP, TCP, and SCTP multiple choice Questions and
Answers (MCQ) PDF cover the below lists of topics.
topic
1. Average data rate, peak data rate, maximum burst size, and
effective band-width
width Multiple
ple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
2. Congestion control Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
3. Open-loop
loop congestion control Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
4. Quality of service (QoS), Scheduling, traffic shaping,
resource reservation, and admission control techniques
Answer
5. Scheduling techniques ,FIFO queuing, priority queuing, and
weighted fair queuing Multiple Choice Question and Answer.
6. traffic shaping techniques ,Leaky bucket and token
bucket Multiple Choice Question and Answer
7. Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)-
(RSVP) a signaling
protocol Multiple Choice Question and Answer
8. Differential Services – a class-based QoS model Multiple
Choice Question and Answer
9. Attributes to control traffic in Frame Relay,Access rate,
committed burst size, committed information rate, and
excess burst size Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
1. One of the responsibilities of the transport layer protocol is to

create a ______ communication.
A. host-to-host
process
C. node-to-node
2. UDP is called a ________________transport protocol.

A. connectionless, reliable
B. connection-oriented,
oriented, unreliable
C. connectionless, unreliable
3. UDP does not add anything to the services of IP except for

providing _______ communication
A. node-to-node
process
C. host-to-host
4. UDP is an acronym for _______

A. User Delivery Protocol
B. User Datagram Procedure
C. User Datagram Protocol
5. Although there are several ways to achieve process-to--process

communication, the most common is through the __________
paradigm
A. client-server
B. client-client
C. server-server
6. The local host and the remote host are defined using IP
addresses. To define the processes, we need second identifiers called
____________
A. UDP addresses
B. transport addresses
C. port addresses
7. The ports ranging from 49,152 to 65,535 can be used as

temporary or
private port numbers. They are called the ________ ports
A. well-known
B. registered
C. dynamic
8. In the sending computer, UDP receives a data unit from the

_______ layer.
A. application
B. transport
C. IP
9. In the sending computer, UDP sends a data unit to the _______

layer
A. application
B. transport
C. IP
10. UDP and TCP are both _______ layer protocols

A. data link
B. network
C. transport

:process
Q-2 Correct Answer :connectionless, unreliable
:process
Q-4 Correct Answer :User Datagram Protocol
Q-5 Correct Answer :client-server
:client
Q-6 Correct Answer :port addresses
Process-to-Process
Process Delivery: UDP, TCP, and SCTP multiple choice
questions and answers MCQ Set-2
Set
1. Which of the following functions does UDP perform?

A. process-to-process
process communication
B. host-to-host
host communication
C. end-to-end
end reliable data delivery
2. When the IP layer of a receiving host receives a datagram,

_______
A. delivery is complete
B. a transport layer protocol takes over
C. a header is added
3. UDP needs the _______ address to deliver the user datagram to

the correct application process
A. port
B. application
C. internet
4. A port address in UDP is _______bits long.

A. 8
B. 16
C. 32
D. any of the above
5. Which of the following does UDP guarantee?

A. flow control
oriented delivery
C. flow control
6. The source port address on the UDP user datagram header

defines _______
A. the sending computer
B. the receiving computer

C. the process running on the sending computer
7. The combination of an IP address and a port number is called a

____________
A. transport address
B. network address
C. socket address
8. To use the services of UDP, we need ________ socket addresses

A. four
B. two
C. three
9. UDP packets are called __________

A. user datagrams
B. segments
C. frames
10. UDP packets have a fixed-size header of _______ bytes

A. 6
B. 8
C. 40

:process
communication
Q-2 Correct Answer :a transport layer protocol takes
over
Q-6 Correct Answer :the process running on the
sending computer
Q-7 Correct Answer :socket address
Q-9 Correct Answer :user datagrams
Process-to-Process
Set
1. UDP packets are encapsulated in ___________

A. an Ethernet frame
B. an TCP segment
C. an IP datagram
2. UDP uses ________ to handle outgoing user datagrams from

multiple processes on one host
A. flow control
B. multiplexing
C. demultiplexing
3. UDP uses _______ to handle incoming user datagrams that go to

different processes on the same host.
A. flow control
B. multiplexing
C. demultiplexing
4. TCP is a __________protocol
A. stream-oriented
B. message-oriented
oriented
C. block-oriented
5. TCP allows the sending process to deliver data as a _______of

bytes and allows the receiving process to obtain data as a _________
of bytes
A. message; message
B. stream; stream
C. block; block
6. Because the sending and the receiving processes may not write or
read data at the same speed, TCP ________
A. speeds up the slower process
B. slows down the faster process
C. uses buffers
7. TCP groups a number of bytes together into a packet called a

___________
A. user datagram
B. segment
C. datagram
8. TCP is a ___________ protocol.

A. connection-oriented
oriented
B. connectionless
C. both a and b
9. TCP is a(n) _______ transport protocol

A. unreliable
B. best-effort
effort delivery
C. reliable
10. TCP uses _________________ to check the safe and sound

arrival of data.
A. an acknowledgment mechanism
B. out-of-band
band signalling
C. the services of another protocol

Q-1 Correct Answer :an IP datagram
Q-2 Correct Answer :multiplexing
Q-3 Correct Answer :demultiplexing

Q-4 Correct Answer :stream-oriented
:stream
Q-5 Correct Answer :stream; stream
Q-6 Correct Answer :uses buffers
Q-7 Correct Answer :segment
Q-8 Correct Answer :connection-oriented
:connection
Q-9 Correct Answer :reliable
Q-10 Correct Answer :an acknowledgment
mechanism
Process-to-Process
Set
1. The bytes of data being transferred in each connection are

numbered by TCP. The numbering starts with a
__________________
A. 0
B. 1
C. randomly generated number
2. TCP assigns a sequence number to each segment that is being

sent. The sequence number for each segment is the number of the
_______ byte carried in that segment.
A. first
B. last
C. middle
3. Communication in TCP is ___________

A. simplex
B. half-duplex
C. full-duplex
4. The value of the acknowledgment field in a segment defines the

number of the ______byte a party expects to receive
A. first
B. last
C. next
5. The acknowledgment number is ________

A. independent
B. randomly generated
C. cumulative
6. The value of the window size is determined by _________

A. the sender
B. the receiver
C. both the sender and receiver
7. The inclusion of the checksum in the TCP segment is ________

A. optional
B. mandatory
C. at the discretion of the application program

8. A TCP segment is encapsulated in __________

A. an IP datagram
B. an Ethernet frame
C. a UDP user datagram
9. Connection establishment in TCP is called __________

handshaking
A. two-way
B. four-way
C. one-way
10. A SYN segment cannot carry data; it consumes _____ sequence

number(s).
A. no
B. one
C. two

Q-1 Correct Answer :randomly generated number
Q-2 Correct Answer :first
Q-3 Correct Answer :full-duplex
:full
Q-4 Correct Answer :next
Q-5 Correct Answer :cumulative

Q-6 Correct Answer :the receiver
Q-7 Correct Answer :mandatory
Q-8 Correct Answer :an IP datagram
Q-10 Correct Answer :One
Process-to-Process
Set
1. A SYN + ACK segment cannot carry data; it consumes _____

sequence number(s).
A. no
B. three
C. two
2. An ACK segment, if carrying no data, consumes ______ sequence

number(s).
A. no
B. one
C. two
3. The connection establishment procedure in TCP is susceptible to

a serious security problem called the _________ attack.
A. ACK flooding
B. FIN flooding
C. SYN flooding
4. The SYN flooding attack belongs to a group of security attacks

known as a _____ attack
A. denial of service
B. replay
C. man-in-the
the middle
5. The FIN segment consumes ____ sequence numbers if it does not

carry data.
A. two
B. three
C. no
6. The FIN + ACK segment consumes _____ sequence number(s) if

it does not carry data
A. two
B. three
C. one
7. In TCP, one end can stop sending data while still receiving data.
This is called a ______.
A. half-close
B. half-open
C. one-way
way termination
8. A(n) _________ machine is a machine that goes through a limited

number of states.
A. infinite state
B. finite state
C. both a and b
9. _____ control regulates the amount of data a source can send

before receiving an acknowledgment from the destination.
A. Error
B. Flow
C. Congestion
10. To accomplish flow control, TCP uses a ___________ window

protocol
A. limited-size
B. sliding
C. fixed-size

Q-2 Correct Answer :no
Q-3 Correct Answer :SYN flooding
Q-4 Correct Answer :denial of service
Q-6 Correct Answer :one
Q-7 Correct Answer :half-close

:half
Q-8 Correct Answer :finite state
Q-10 Correct Answer :sliding
Process-to-Process
Set
1. TCP sliding windows are __________ oriented

A. packet
B. segment
C. byte
2. ACK segments consume _______ sequence number(s) and

_______ acknowledged
A. no; are not
B. one; are not
C. no; are
3. TCP delivers _______ out-of-order segments to the process

A. all
B. no
C. some
4. IP is responsible for _______ communication while TCP is

responsible for _______ communication
A. host-to-host;
host; process-to-process
process
B. process-to-process;
process; host-to-host
host
C. process-to-process;
process; network-to-network
network
5. If a segment carries data along with an acknowledgment, this is

called _______
A. backpacking
B. piggybacking
C. piggypacking
6. Multiply the header length field by _______ to find the total

number of bytes in the TCP header
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
7. Urgent data requires the urgent pointer field as well as the URG
bit in the _______ field
A. control
B. offset
C. sequence number
8. The options field of the TCP header ranges from 0 to _______

bytes.
A. 10
B. 20
C. 40
9. If the ACK value is 200, then byte _______ has been received
successfully
A. 199
B. 200
C. 201
10. Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a new

_____________protocol.
A. reliable, character-oriented
character
B. reliable, message-oriented
message
C. unreliable, message-oriented
message

Q-1 Correct Answer :byte
Q-2 Correct Answer :no; are not
Q-3 Correct Answer :no
Q-4 Correct Answer :host-to-host;
:host process--to-
process
Q-5 Correct Answer :piggybacking
Q-7 Correct Answer :control

Q-10 Correct Answer :reliable, message-oriented
message oriented
Process-to-Process
Set
1. SCTP allows __________ service in each association

A. single stream
B. multistream
C. double stream
2. SCTP association allows _____________ for each end

A. only one IP address
B. multiple IP addresses
C. only two IP address
3. In SCTP, a data chunk is numbered using ________

A. a TSN
B. an SI
C. an SSN
4. To distinguish between different streams, SCTP uses

___________
A. a TSN
B. an SI
C. an SSN
5. To distinguish between different data chunks belonging to the

same stream, SCTP uses ___________
A. TSNs
B. SIs
C. SSNs
6. TCP has ____________; SCTP has ____________

A. packets; segments
B. segments; packets
C. segments; frames
7. The control information in SCTP is included in the ________

A. header control field
B. control chunks
C. data chunks
8. An SCTP packet can carry __________

A. only one data chunk
B. several data chunks
C. no data chunks
9. In SCTP, the acknowledgment number and window size are part

of each ________
A. data chunk
B. control chunk
C. a or b
10. There is no need for a header length field in SCTP because

________________
A. there are no options in the general header
B. the size of the header is fixed
C. both a and b

Q-1 Correct Answer :multistream
Q-2 Correct Answer :multiple IP addresses
Q-3 Correct Answer :a TSN
Q-4 Correct Answer :an SI
Q-5 Correct Answer :SSNs
Q-6 Correct Answer :segments; packets
Q-7 Correct Answer :control chunks
Q-8 Correct Answer :several data chunks
Q-9 Correct Answer :control chunk
Process-to-Process
Set
1. The checksum in SCTP is ________ bits.

A. 16
B. 32
C. 64
2. The association identifier in SCTP is __________________

A. a unique verification tag
B. a combination of logical and port addresses
C. either a or b
3. In SCTP, control information and data information are carried

in _______ chunks.
A. the same chunk
B. different chunks
C. either a or b
4. In SCTP, acknowledgment numbers are used to acknowledge

_____________
A. both data chunks and control chunks
B. only control chunks
C. only data chunks
5. In an SCTP packet, control chunks come ___________ data

chunks
A. after
B. before
C. a or b
6. In SCTP, ___________ can be carried in a packet that carries an

INIT chunk
A. only data chunks
B. only control chunks
C. no other chunk
7. A connection in SCTP is called an ____________

A. negotiation
B. association
C. transmission

Q-2 Correct Answer :a unique verification tag
Q-3 Correct Answer :different chunks
Q-4 Correct Answer :only data chunks
Q-5 Correct Answer :before
Q-6 Correct Answer :no other chunk
Q-7 Correct Answer :association
Q-8
Q-9
Q-10
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Congestion Control
and Quality of Service multiple choice Questions and Answers
(MCQ) PDF covers the below lists of topics.
topic
1. Stream socket Multiple Choice Question and Answer

Answer.
2. Datagram socket Multiple Choice Questionn and Answer
Answer.
3. Raw socket Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
4. Client-server
server model Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
1. In ________ we try to avoid traffic congestion.

A. congestion control
B. quality of service
D. both (a) and (b)
2. In _________, we try to create an appropriate environment for

the traffic
A. congestion control
B. quality of service
D. both (a) and (b)
3. Traffic ______ are qualitative values that represent a data flow.

A. controls
B. descriptors
C. values
4. The _______ defines the maximum data rate of the traffic

A. peak data rate
B. maximum burst size
C. effective bandwidth
5. The________ normally refers to the maximum length of time the

traffic is generated at the peak rate.
A. peak data rate
6. The ________ is a function of three values: average data rate,

peak data rate, and maximum burst size.
A. peak data rate
7. A _________ traffic model has a data rate that does not change.
A. constant bit rate
B. variable bit rate
C. bursty
8. In the ________ traffic model, the rate of the data flow changes in
time, with the changes smooth instead of sudden and sharp.
C. bursty
9. In the ______ traffic model, the data rate changes suddenly in a

very short time.
C. bursty
10. _______ happens in any system that involves waiting.

A. Congestion
B. Jamming
C. Error

Q-1 Correct Answer :congestion control
Q-2 Correct Answer :quality of service
Q-3 Correct Answer :descriptors
Q-4 Correct Answer :peak data rate
Q-5 Correct Answer :maximum burst size
Q-6 Correct Answer :effective bandwidth
Q-7 Correct Answer :constant bit rate
Q-8 Correct Answer :variable bit rate

Q-9 Correct Answer :bursty
Q-10 Correct Answer :Congestion
Congestion Control and Quality of Service multiple choice questions and

answers MCQ Set-2
1. Congestion in a network or internetwork occurs because routers

and switches have _______.
A. tables
B. queues
C. crosspoints
2. In a network, when the load is much less than the capacity of the
network, the delay is _________
A. at a maximum
B. at a minimum
C. constant
3. In a network, when the load reaches the network capacity, the

delay _______
A. increases sharply
B. decreases sharply
C. remains constant
D. cannot be predicted
4. In a network, when the load is below the capacity of the network,

the throughput ______________
B. increases proportionally with the load
C. declines sharply
D. declines proportionally with the load
5. In a network, after the load reaches the capacity, throughput

_______
B. increases proportionally with the load
C. declines sharply
D. declines proportionally with the load
6. In ________ congestion control, policies are applied to prevent

congestion before it happens
A. open-loop
B. closed-loop
7. In _______ congestion control, mechanisms are used to alleviate

congestion after it happens
A. open-loop
B. closed-loop
8. The technique of ________refers to a congestion control

mechanism in which a congested node stops receiving data from the
immediate upstream node or nodes
A. backpressure
B. choke packet
C. implicit signaling
D. explicit signaling
9. A ___________ is a packet sent by a node to the source to inform

it of congestion
A. backpressure
B. choke packet
10. In __________, there is no communication between the

congested node or nodes and the source. The source guesses that
there is a congestion somewhere in the network from other
symptoms
A. backpressure
B. choke packet

Q-1 Correct Answer :queues
Q-2 Correct Answer :at a minimum
Q-3 Correct Answer :increases sharply
Q-4 Correct Answer :increases proportionally with

the load
Q-5 Correct Answer :declines sharply
Q-6 Correct Answer :open-loop
:open
Q-7 Correct Answer :closed-loop
:closed
Q-8 Correct Answer :backpressure
Q-9 Correct Answer :choke packet
Q-10 Correct Answer :implicit signaling

answers MCQ Set-3
1. In the __________ method, the signal is included in the packets

that carry data.
A. backpressure
B. choke packet
2. In the ________ algorithm of TCP, the size of the congestion

window increases exponentially until it reaches a threshold
A. slow-start
B. congestion avoidance
C. congestion detection
3. In the _________ algorithm of TCP, the size of the congestion

window increases additively until congestion is detected
A. slow-start
4. In the ___________ algorithm of TCP, the size of the threshold is

dropped to one-half, a multiplicative decrease
A. slow-start
5. In Frame Relay, the ________ bit warns the sender of congestion

in the network
A. BECN
B. FECN
6. In Frame Relay, the ________ bit is used to warn the receiver of

congestion in the network
A. BECN
B. FECN
7. Traditionally, ________types of characteristics are attributed to a

flow
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
8. _________ is a characteristic that a flow needs. Lack of it means

losing a packet or acknowledgment, which entails retransmission.
A. Reliability
B. Delay
C. Jitter
D. Bandwidth
9. _______ is a flow characteristic that applications can tolerate in

different degrees.
A. Reliability
B. Delay
C. Jitter
D. Bandwidth
10. ________ is the variation in delay for packets belonging to the

same flow.
A. Reliability
B. Delay
C. Jitter
D. Bandwidth

Q-1 Correct Answer :explicit signaling
Q-2 Correct Answer :slow-start
:slow
Q-3 Correct Answer :congestion avoidance
Q-4 Correct Answer :congestion detection
Q-5 Correct Answer :BECN
Q-6 Correct Answer :FECN
Q-8 Correct Answer :Reliability
Q-9 Correct Answer :Delay
Q-10 Correct Answer :Jitter

answers MCQ Set-4
1. In ________, queuing packets wait in a buffer (queue) until the

node (router or switch) is ready to process them.
A. FIFO
B. priority
C. weighted fair
2. In ________ queuing, packets are first assigned to a priority

class. Each class has its own queue.
A. FIFO
B. priority
C. weighted fair
3. In _________ queuing, the packets are assigned to different

classes and admitted to different queues. The queues, however, are
weighted based on the priority of the queues; higher priority means
a higher weight. The system processes packets in each queue in a
round-robin fashion with the number of packets selected from each
queue based on the corresponding weight
A. FIFO
B. priority
C. weighted fair
4. In the ______ bucket algorithm, bursty chunks are stored in the

bucket and sent out at an average rate.
A. leaky
B. token
5. The _______ bucket algorithm allows idle hosts to accumulate

credit for the future in the form of tokens
A. leaky
B. token
6. In _________, when a source makes a reservation, it needs to

define a flow specification
A. Integrated Services
B. Differentiated Services
C. Connectionless
D. Connection-Oriented
Oriented
7. ___ is a class-based QoS model designed for IP

A. Integrated Services
B. Differentiated Services
C. Connectionless
D. Connection-Oriented
Oriented
8. In Frame Relay, the user can never exceed the_________

A. access rate
B. committed burst size
C. committed information rate
D. excess burst size
9. In Frame Relay, a ___________ is the maximum number of bits

in a predefined time that the network is committed to transfer
without discarding any frame or setting the DE bit.
A. access rate
10. In Frame Relay, the _____________ defines an average rate in

bits per second
A. access rate

Q-1 Correct Answer :FIFO
Q-2 Correct Answer :priority
Q-3 Correct Answer :weighted fair
Q-4 Correct Answer :leaky
Q-5 Correct Answer :token
Q-6 Correct Answer :Integrated Services
Q-7 Correct Answer :Differentiated Services
Q-8 Correct Answer :access rate
Q-9 Correct Answer :committed burst size
Q-10 Correct Answer :committed information rate
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Domain Name
System multiple choice Questions and Answers (MCQ
MCQ) PDF
covers the below lists of topics.
topic
1. DNS client Multiple Choice Question and Answer.

Answer.
2. Recursive resolution Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
3. Iterative resolution Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
4. Fully qualified Doman name (FQDN) Multiple Choice
Answer
5. Partially qualified domain name (PQDN) Multiple Choice
Answer
6. DNS messages Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
7. DNS records Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
8. Dynamic DNS (DDNS) Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
1. In a _______ name space, a name is assigned to an address. A

name in this space is a sequence of characters without structure.
A. flat
B. hierarchical
C. organized
2. In a _________name space, each name is made of several parts.

A. flat
B. hierarchical
C. organized
3. To have a hierarchical name space, a ______________ was

designed.
A. domain space
B. domain name
C. domain name space
4. In the DNS, the names are defined in ___________ structure

A. a linear list
B. an inverted-tree
C. a graph
5. Each node in the tree has a _______, which is a string with a

maximum of ___ characters.
A. label; 127
B. name; 255
C. label; 63
6. The root of the DNS tree is _______.

A. a string of characters
B. a string of 63 characters
C. an empty string
7. A full domain name is a sequence of labels separated by

________.
A. semicolons
B. dots
C. colons
8. If a label is terminated by a null string, it is called a __________.

A. PQDN
B. FQDN
C. SQDN
9. If a label is not terminated by a null string, it is called a

__________.
A. PQDN
B. FQDN
C. SQDN
10. A _________ is a subtree of the domain name space.

A. label
B. name
C. domain

Q-1 Correct Answer :flat
Q-2 Correct Answer :hierarchical
Q-3 Correct Answer :domain name space

Q-4 Correct Answer :an inverted-tree
inverted
Q-5 Correct Answer :label; 63
Q-6 Correct Answer :an empty string
Q-7 Correct Answer :dots
Q-8 Correct Answer :FQDN
Q-9 Correct Answer :PQDN
Q-10 Correct Answer :domain
Domain Name System multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set
Set-2
1. What a server is responsible for or has authority over is called a

_________.
A. domain
B. label
C. zone
2. A _______ is a server whose zone consists of the whole tree.

A. domain server
B. zone server
C. root server
3. A ________ server loads all information from the disk file

A. primary
B. secondary
C. zone
4. A ________ server loads all information from the primary server.

A. primary
B. secondary
C. zone
5. When the secondary downloads information from the primary, it

is called ______ transfer
A. domain
B. zone
C. label
6. In the Internet, the domain name space (tree) is divided into

_______ different sections
A. three
B. two
C. four
7. The _______ domains define registered hosts according to their

generic behavior.
A. generic
B. country
C. inverse
8. The first level in the generic domains section allows ______

possible labels
A. 10
B. 12
C. 16
9. The ____________ domain section uses two-character country

abbreviations
A. generic
B. country
C. inverse
10. The _________ domain is used to map an address to a name.

A. generic
B. country
C. inverse

Q-1 Correct Answer :zone
Q-2 Correct Answer :root server
Q-3 Correct Answer :primary
Q-4 Correct Answer :secondary
Q-5 Correct Answer :zone
Q-7 Correct Answer :generic

Q-9 Correct Answer :country
Q-10 Correct Answer :inverse
Domain Name System multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set
Set-3
1. In _________ resolution, the resolver expects the server to supply

the final answer
A. iterative
B. recursive
C. straight
2. In __________ resolution, the server returns the IP address of the

server that it thinks can resolve the query.
A. iterative
B. recursive
C. straight
3. In the domain name chal.atc.fhda.edu, _______ is the least

specific label.
A. chal
B. atc
C. edu
4. In the domain name chal.atc.fhda.edu, _______ is the most

specific label
A. chal
B. atc
C. fhda
5. A host with the domain name pit.arc.nasa.gov. is on the _______

level of the DNS hierarchical tree. (The root is level one.)
A. third
B. fourth
C. fifth
6. A pointer query involves the _______ domain

A. inverse
B. reverse
C. root
7. DNS can use the services of ________ using the well-known

known port
53.
A. UDP
B. TCP

Q-1 Correct Answer :recursive
Q-2 Correct Answer :iterative

Q-3 Correct Answer :edu
Q-4 Correct Answer :chal
Q-5 Correct Answer :fifth
Q-6 Correct Answer :inverse
Q-8
Q-9
Q-10
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Remote Logging,
Electronic Mail, and File Transfer multiple choice Questions
and Answers (MCQ) PDF covers the below lists of topic
topics.
1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) MCQs.

2. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) MCQs.
3. Post Office Protocol, version 3 (POP3) and Internet Mail
Access Protocol, version 4 (IMAP4) MCQs.
4. File transfer protocol (FTP) – a TCP/IP client-server
server
application MCQs.
1. TELNET is an abbreviation for ____________.

A. terminal network
B. telephone network
C. telecommunication network
2. TELNET is a ________ client-server application program.

A. specific-purpose
B. general-purpose
C. both a and b
3. When a user logs into a local time-sharing system, it is called

________ login.
A. local
B. remote
C. temporary
4. When a user wants to access an application program or utility

located on a remote machine, he or she performs ___________ login.
A. local
B. remote
C. temporary
5. NVT uses two sets of characters, one for _____and one for
__________
A. sending; receiving
B. request; reply
C. data; control
6. For data, NVT uses US ASCII characters with the highest order
bit set to ______
A. 1
B. 0
C. a or b
7. For control, NVT uses US ASCII characters with the highest

order bit set to ______.
A. 1
B. 0
C. a or b
8. TELNET uses only one TCP connection. The server uses

________ port and the client uses ________ port
A. a well-known;
known; another well-known
B. an ephemeral; another ephemeral
C. a well-known;
known; an ephemeral
9. To distinguish data from control characters, each sequence of

control characters is preceded by a special control character called
________.
A. ICA
B. IAC
C. AIC
10. In the _______ mode, the echoing is done by the client.

A. default
B. character
C. line

Q-1 Correct Answer :terminal network
Q-2 Correct Answer :general-purpose
:general
Q-3 Correct Answer :local
Q-4 Correct Answer :remote

Q-5 Correct Answer :data; control
Q-8 Correct Answer :a well-known;
well known; an ephemeral
Q-9 Correct Answer :IAC
Q-10 Correct Answer :default
Remote Logging, Electronic Mail, and File Transfer multiple choice

Set
1. If the sender wants an option enabled by the receiver, it sends a

_______ command
A. WILL
B. DO
C. WONT
2. _______ is the standard mechanism provided by TCP/IP for

copying a file from one host to another
A. TELNET
B. SMTP
C. TFTP
3. In the _______ mode, each character typed is sent by the client to

the server.
A. default
B. character
C. line
4. In the ____ mode, line editing (echoing, character erasing, line

erasing, and so on) is done by the client
A. default
B. character
C. line
5. The _______ is software residing on the remote system that

allows the remote system to receive characters from a TELNET
server
A. terminal driver
B. pseudoterminal driver
C. TELNET client
6. The _______ translates local characters into NVT form

A. terminal driver
B. TELNET client
C. TELNET server
7. The _______ translates NVT characters into a form acceptable by

the remote operating system.
A. terminal driver
B. TELNET client
C. TELNET server
8. If the sender wants to disable an option, it sends a _______

command.
A. WILL
B. DO
C. WONT
9. If the sender wants to enable an option, it sends a _______

command
A. WILL
B. DO
C. WONT
10. If the sender wants an option disabled by the receiver, it sends a

_______ command
A. WILL
B. DO
C. DONT

Q-1 Correct Answer :DO
Q-3 Correct Answer :character
Q-5 Correct Answer :pseudoterminal driver
Q-6 Correct Answer :TELNET client
Q-7 Correct Answer :TELNET server
Q-8 Correct Answer :WONT

Q-9 Correct Answer :WILL
Q-10 Correct Answer :DONT

Set
1. FTP uses the services of ________

A. UDP
B. IP
C. TCP
2. In FTP, the well-known

known port ____ is used for the control
connection and the well-known
well port ________ for the data
connection
A. 21; 22
B. 21; 20
C. 20; 21
3. In FTP, _______ is the service type used by the IP protocol

because this is an interactive connection between a user (human)
and a server
A. maximize throughput
B. minimize delay
C. minimize error
bove
4. For the control connection, FTP uses the __________ character

set
A. regular ASCII
B. EBCDIC
C. NVT ASCII
5. During an FTP session the control connection is opened _______

A. exactly once
B. exactly twice
C. as many times as necessary
6. During an FTP session the data connection is opened _______

A. exactly once
B. exactly twice
C. as many times as necessary
7. In FTP, a file can be organized into records, pages, or a stream of

bytes. These are types of an attribute called _______
A. file types
B. data structures
C. transmission modes
8. In FTP, there are three types of _______: stream, block, and

compressed
A. file types
B. data structures
C. transmission modes
9. In FTP, ASCII, EBCDIC, and image define an attribute called

_______
A. file type
B. data structure
C. transmission mode
10. In FTP, when we _______, it is copied from the server to the

client.
A. retrieve a file
B. retrieve a list
C. a and c

Q-2 Correct Answer :21; 20
Q-3 Correct Answer :minimize delay
Q-4 Correct Answer :NVT ASCII
Q-5 Correct Answer :exactly once
Q-6 Correct Answer :as many times as necessary
Q-7 Correct Answer :data structures
Q-8 Correct Answer :transmission modes
Q-9 Correct Answer :file type

Q-10 Correct Answer :a and c

Set
1. In FTP, when we _______, it is copied from the client to the

server.
A. retrieve a file
B. store a file
C. retrieve a list
2. ________ is part of a local hard drive, a special file with

permission restrictions
A. A message
B. A response
C. An agent
3. When the sender and the receiver of an email are on the same
system, we need only ___________
A. one UA
B. two UAs
C. one UA and one MTA
4. When the sender and the receiver of an email are on different

systems, we need only _____________
A. one MTA
B. two UAs
C. two UAs and one pair of MTAs
5. When the sender is connected to the mail server via a LAN or a

WAN, we need ______________
A. two MTA
B. two UAs and two pairs of MTAs
C. two UAs and a pair of MTAs
6. When both sender and receiver are connected to a mail server via
a LAN or a WAN, we need ___________________
A. two UAs, two pairs of MTAs, and a pair of MAAs
B. two UAs, and two pairs of MTAs
C. two UAs, two pairs of MTAs, and two pairs of MAAs
7. ________ provides service to the user to make the process of

sending and receiving a message easier
A. An MTA
B. An MAA
C. A UA
8. Which of the following services is not provided by a UA?

A. composing messages
B. reading messages
C. replying messages
D. all are
9. There are two types of user agents: _________ and ___________

A. command-driven;
driven; data-driven
data
B. command-driven;
driven; GUI-based
GUI
C. command-based
based and data-based
data
10. The ________ usually contains the sender address, the receiver
address, and other information
A. message
B. envelope
C. both a and b

Q-1 Correct Answer :store a file
Q-2 Correct Answer :None of the above
Q-3 Correct Answer :two UAs
Q-4 Correct Answer :two UAs and one pair of MTAs
Q-5 Correct Answer :two UAs and two pairs of MTAs
Q-6 Correct Answer :two UAs, two pairs of MTAs,
and a pair of MAAs
Q-7 Correct Answer :A UA
Q-8 Correct Answer :all are
Q-9 Correct Answer :command-driven;
:command driven; GUI
GUI-based
Q-10 Correct Answer :envelope

Set
1. The message contains the ________ and the __________

A. header; envelop
B. header; body
C. envelop; body
2. In the Internet, the email address consists of two parts: a _______

and a _______
A. local part; domain name
B. global part; domain name
C. label; domain name
3. _________ is a supplementary protocol that allows non

non-ASCII
data to be sent through email.
A. JPEG
B. MPEG
C. MIME
4. The actual mail transfer is done through ____________

A. UAs
B. MTAs
C. MAAs
5. The formal protocol that defines the MTA client and server in the
Internet is called ___________
A. SMTP
B. SNMP
C. TELNET
6. The process of transferring a mail message occurs in ________

phases
A. two
B. four
C. five
7. SMTP is a __________protocol
A. pull
B. push
C. both a and b
8. The third stage in an email transfer needs a ________ protocol

A. pull
B. push
C. both a and b
9. The third stage in an email transfer uses a(n) ________ protocol

A. UA
B. MTA
C. MAA
10. Currently two message access protocols are available: _______

and _________
A. POP3; IMAP2
B. POP4; IMAP1
C. POP3; IMAP4

Q-1 Correct Answer :header; body
Q-2 Correct Answer :local part; domain name
Q-3 Correct Answer :MIME
Q-4 Correct Answer :MTAs
Q-5 Correct Answer :SMTP
Q-7 Correct Answer :push
Q-8 Correct Answer :pull
Q-9 Correct Answer :MAA
Q-10 Correct Answer :POP3; IMAP4
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – WWW and HTTP
1. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Multiple Choice

Answer
2. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Multiple Choice
Answer
3. Common Gateway Interface (CGI) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
1. ________ is a repository of information linked together from

points all over the world.
A. The WWW
B. HTTP
C. HTML
2. The WWW today is a _______ client-server service, in which a

client using a browser can access a service using a server.
A. limited
B. vast
C. distributed
3. The _________ is a standard for specifying any kind of

information on the Internet
A. URL
B. ULR
C. RLU
4. In a URL, the _______ is the client-server program used to

retrieve the document.
A. protocol
B. path
C. host
5. In a URL, the ______ is the computer on which the information is

located.
A. path
B. protocol
C. host
6. In a URL, an optional ________ can be inserted between the host

and
the path, and it is separated from the host by a colon.
A. path
B. protocol
C. host
7. In a URL, the _______ is the full name of the file where the
information is located.
A. path
B. protocol
C. host
8. A cookie is made by the ________ and eaten by the _________

A. client; client
B. client; server
C. server; server
9. The documents in the WWW can be grouped into ______ broad

categories
A. two
B. three
C. four
10. A _______ document is a fixed-content document that is created

and stored in a server. The client can get a copy of the document
only.
A. static
B. dynamic
C. active

Q-1 Correct Answer :The WWW
Q-2 Correct Answer :distributed

Q-3 Correct Answer :URL
Q-4 Correct Answer :protocol
Q-5 Correct Answer :host
Q-8 Correct Answer :server; server
Q-10 Correct Answer :static
WWW and HTTP multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set
Set-2
1. _____________ is a language for creating Web pages.

A. HTTP
B. HTML
C. FTTP
2. A _______ document is created by a Web server whenever a

browser requests the document
A. static
B. dynamic
C. active
3. ___________ is a technology that creates and handles dynamic

documents
A. GIC
B. CGI
C. GCI
4. Dynamic documents are sometimes referred to as _________

dynamic documents
A. client-site
B. server-site
C. both a and b
5. For many applications, we need a program or a script to be run

at the client site. These are called _______________ documents
A. static
B. dynamic
C. active
6. One way to create an active document is to use __________

A. CGI
B. Java stand-alone
alone programs
C. Java applets
7. Active documents are sometimes referred to as _________

dynamic documents
A. client-site
B. server-site
C. both a and b
8. HTTP uses the services of _________ on well-known port 80

A. UDP
B. IP
C. TCP
9. In HTTP, the first line in a request message is called a _______

line; the first line in the response message is called the ________ line
A. request; response
B. response; requestuest
C. response; status
10. In a ___________ connection, one TCP connection is made for

each request/response
A. persistent
B. nonpersistent
C. both a and b

Q-1 Correct Answer :HTML
Q-3 Correct Answer :CGI
Q-4 Correct Answer :server-site
:server
Q-5 Correct Answer :active
Q-6 Correct Answer :Java applets
Q-7 Correct Answer :client-site
:client

Q-10 Correct Answer :nonpersistent
WWW and HTTP multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set
Set-3
1. In a ___________connection, the server leaves the connection

open for more requests after sending a response.
A. persistent
B. nonpersistent
C. both a and b
2. HTTP version 1.1 specifies a _________connection by default.

A. persistent
B. nonpersistent
C. both a and b
3. In HTTP, a _______ server is a computer that keeps copies of

responses to recent requests
A. regular
B. proxy
C. both a and b
4. An HTTP request message always contains _______

A. a header and a body

B. a request line and a header
C. a status line, a header, and a body
5. Which of the following is present in both an HTTP request line

and a status line?
A. HTTP version number
B. URL
C. status code
6. The HTTP request line contains a _______ method to request a

document from the server
A. GET
B. POST
C. COPY
7. A user needs to send the server some information. The request

line method is _______
A. OPTION
B. PATCH
C. POST
8. The HTTP request line contains a _______ method to get

information about a document without retrieving the document
itself.
A. HEAD
B. POST
C. COPY
9. A response message always contains _______

A. a header and a body
B. a request line and a header
C. a status line and a header
10. An applet is _______ document application program.

A. a static
B. an active
C. a passive
D. a dynamic

Q-1 Correct Answer :persistent
Q-2 Correct Answer :persistent
Q-3 Correct Answer :proxy
Q-4 Correct Answer :a request line and a header
Q-5 Correct Answer :HTTP version number
Q-6 Correct Answer :GET
Q-7 Correct Answer :POST
Q-8 Correct Answer :HEAD
Q-9 Correct Answer :a status line and a header
Q-10 Correct Answer :an active
by the
This Data Communication and Networking – Network

Management: SNMP multiple choice Questions and Answers
(MCQ) PDF covers the below lists of topics.
topic
1. Real-time
time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) Multiple
Answer
2. Time Transport Protocol (RTP) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
3. Real-time
time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) Multiple
Answer
4. Voice over IP Multiple Choice Question and Answer
Answer.
5. Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Multiple Choice Question
and Answer.
1. SNMP defines the ___________________ to be sent from a

manager to an agent and vice versa.
A. format of the packets
B. encoding of the packets
C. number of packets
2. A manager is a host that runs the SNMP _______ process.

A. client
B. server
C. both a and b
3. An agent is a host or computer that runs the SNMP _______

process
A. client
B. server
C. both a and b
4. SNMP uses two other protocols:________ and _________

A. MIB; SMTP
B. SMI; MIB
C. FTP; SMI
5. ________ defines the general rules for naming objects, defining

object types, and showing how to encode objects and values.
A. MIB
B. BER
C. SMI
6. We can compare the task of network management to the task of

writing a program. Both tasks need rules. In network management
this is handled by ___________.
A. SMNP
B. MIB
C. SMI

writing a program. Both tasks need variable declarations. In
network management this is handled by _________.
A. SMNP
B. MIB
C. SMI

writing a program. Both tasks have actions performed by
statements. In network management this is handled by _______.
A. SMNP
B. MIB
C. SMI
9. SMI emphasizes three attributes to handle an object: _____,

________, and _________.
A. name; data type; size
B. name; size; encoding method
C. name; data type; encoding method
10. To name objects globally, SMI uses an object identifier, which

is a hierarchical identifier based on a _______ structure
A. linear
B. tree
C. graph

Q-1 Correct Answer :format of the packets
Q-2 Correct Answer :client
Q-3 Correct Answer :server
Q-4 Correct Answer :SMI; MIB
Q-5 Correct Answer :SMI
Q-6 Correct Answer :SMI
Q-7 Correct Answer :MIB
Q-8 Correct Answer :SMNP
Q-9 Correct Answer :name; data type; encoding
method
Q-10 Correct Answer :tree
Network Management multiple choice

choic questions and answers MCQ Set
Set-
2
1. All objects managed by SNMP are given an object identifier. The

object identifier always starts with _______
A. 1.3.6.1.2.1
B. 1.3.6.1.2.2
C. 1.3.6.1.2.3
2. To define the data type, SMI uses fundamental _______

definitions and adds some new definitions.
A. AMS.1
B. ASN.1
C. ASN.2
3. SMI has two broad categories of data type: _______ and _______
A. simple; complex
B. simple; structured
C. structured; unstructured
4. The _______ data types are atomic data types

A. structure
B. simple
C. both a and b
5. SMI defines two structured data types: ________ and _________

A. sequence; atomic
B. sequence; sequence of
C. a sequence of; array
6. SMI uses another standard, ___________, to encode data to be

transmitted over the network
A. MIB
B. ANS.1
C. BER
7. The _________ ordering enables a manager to access a set of

variables one after another by defining the first variable.
A. lexicographic
B. linear
C. non-linear
8. The GetRequest PDU is sent from the _______ to the __________

to retrieve the value of a variable or a set of variables
A. client; server
B. server; client
C. server; network
9. The Response PDU is sent from the ______ to the ______ in

response to GetRequest or GetNextRequest
A. server; client
B. client; server
C. network; host
10. The Trap PDU is sent from the ______ to the _______ to report
an event
A. server; client
B. client; server
C. network; host

Q-1 Correct Answer :1.3.6.1.2.1
Q-2 Correct Answer :ASN.1
Q-3 Correct Answer :simple; structured
Q-4 Correct Answer :simple
Q-5 Correct Answer :sequence; sequence of
Q-6 Correct Answer :BER
Q-7 Correct Answer :lexicographic
Q-8 Correct Answer :client; server
Q-9 Correct Answer :server; client
Q-10 Correct Answer :server; client
Network Management multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set

Set-
3
1. SNMP uses the services of UDP on two well-known ports,

_______ and _______
A. 161; 162
B. 160; 161
C. 160; 162
2. _______ runs the SNMP client program; _______ runs the SNMP
server program.
A. A manager; a manager
B. An agent; an agent
C. A manager; an agent
D. An agent; a manager
3. INTEGER, OCTET STRING, and ObjectIdentifier are _______

definitions used by SMI.
A. MIB
B. SNMP
C. ASN.1
4. Which of the following could be a legitimate MIB object

identifier?
A. 1.3.6.1.2.1.1
B. 1.3.6.1.2.2.1
C. 2.3.6.1.2.1.2
5. Which is a manager duty?

A. Retrieve the value of an object defined in an agent
B. Store the value of an object defined in an agent
C. a and b
6. For a 1-byte length field, what is the maximum value for the data
length?
A. 127
B. 128
C. 255
7. An object id defines a _______. Add a zero suffix to define the

_______
A. variable; table
B. table; variable
C. variable; variable contents
8. An SNMP agent can send _______ messages

A. GetRequest
B. SetRequest
C. Trap
9. An SNMP agent can send _______ messages

A. Response
B. GetRequest
C. SetRequest
10. The _______ field in the SNMP PDU is an offset that points to
the variable in error
A. community
B. enterprise
C. error index

Q-1 Correct Answer :161; 162
Q-2 Correct Answer :A manager; an agent
Q-3 Correct Answer :ASN.1

Q-4 Correct Answer :1.3.6.1.2.1.1
Q-5 Correct Answer :a and b
Q-7 Correct Answer :variable; variable contents
Q-8 Correct Answer :Trap
Q-9 Correct Answer :Response
Q-10 Correct Answer :error index
by the
This Data Communication and Networking – Multimedia multiple

of topics.
1. Cryptography Multiple Choice Question and Answer

Answer.
2. Encryption Multiple Choice Question and Answer.
Answer.
3. Decryption Multiple Choice Question
Questi and Answer..
4. Symmetric-key
key cryptography Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
5. Public-key cryptography Multiple Choice Question and
Answer.
1. We can divide audio and video services into _______ broad

categories.
A. three
B. two
C. four
2. ________ audio/video refers to on-demand requests for

compressed audio/video files.
A. Streaming live
B. Streaming stored
C. Interactive
3. __________ audio/video refers to the broadcasting of radio and

TV programs through the Internet.
A. Interactive
B. Streaming live
C. Streaming stored
4. _________ audio/video refers to the use of the Internet for

interactive audio/video applications.
A. Interactive
B. Streaming live
C. Streaming stored
D. none of the abovee
5. According to the Nyquist theorem, we need to sample an analog

signal ________times the highest frequency.
A. three
B. two
C. four
6. In ________ encoding, the differences between the samples are

encoded instead of encoding all the sampled values.
A. predictive
B. perceptual
C. both a and b
7. ________ encoding is based on the science of psychoacoustics,

which is the study of how people perceive sound
A. Predictive
B. Perceptual
C. both a and b
8. ____________ is used to compress images.

A. MPEG
B. JPEG
C. either a or b
9. __________ is used to compress video.

A. MPEG
B. JPEG
C. either a or b
10. The first phase of JPEG is ___________

A. DCT transformation
B. quantization
C. data compression

Q-2 Correct Answer :Streaming stored
Q-3 Correct Answer :Streaming live
Q-4 Correct Answer :Interactive

Q-6 Correct Answer :predictive
Q-7 Correct Answer :Perceptual
Q-8 Correct Answer :JPEG
Q-9 Correct Answer :MPEG
Q-10 Correct Answer :DCT transformation
Multimedia multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set

Set-2
1. The second phase of JPEG is ___________

B. quantization
C. data compression
2. The third phase of JPEG is ___________

B. quantization
C. data compression
3. Jitter is introduced in real-time data by the _______________

A. error caused during transmission
B. delay between packets
C. both a and b
4. To prevent _________, we can timestamp the packets and

separate the arrival time from the playback time.
A. error
B. jitter
C. either a or b
5. A ________buffer is required for real-time traffic.

A. playback
B. reordering
C. sorting
6. A __________on each packet is required for real-time traffic

A. timestamp
B. sequence number
C. both a and b
7. Real-time traffic needs the support of ____________

A. broadcasting
B. multicasting
C. both a and b
8. __________ means changing the encoding of a payload to a lower

quality to match the bandwidth of the receiving network.
A. Translation
B. Mixing
C. both a and b
9. __________ means combining several streams of traffic

ffic into one
stream
A. Translation
B. Mixing
C. both a and b
10. _________ is not suitable for interactive multimedia traffic

because it retransmits packets in case of errors.
A. UDP
B. TCP
C. both a and b

Q-1 Correct Answer :quantization
Q-2 Correct Answer :data compression
Q-3 Correct Answer :delay between packets
Q-4 Correct Answer :jitter
Q-5 Correct Answer :playback
Q-7 Correct Answer :multicasting
Q-8 Correct Answer :Translation
Q-9 Correct Answer :Mixing
Multimedia multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set

Set-3
1. ________ is the protocol designed to handle real-time traffic on

the Internet
A. TCP
B. UDP
C. RTP
2. RTP uses a temporary even-numbered _______ port

A. UDP
B. TCP
C. both a and b
3. ___________ is a protocol for controlling the flow and quality of

data.
A. RTP
B. RTCP
C. UDP
4. RTCP uses an odd-numbered

numbered _______ port number that follows
the port number selected for RTP
A. UDP
B. TCP
C. both a and b
5. ___________ is an application protocol that establishes, manages,

and terminates a multimedia session
A. RIP
B. SIP
C. DIP
6. _______ is a standard to allow telephones on the public telephone

network to talk to computers connected to the Internet
A. SIP
B. H.323
C. Q.991
7. A real-time video performance lasts 10 min. If there is jitter in

the system, the viewer spends _______ minutes watching the
performance
A. less than 10
B. more than 10
C. exactly 10
8. A _______ shows the time a packet was produced relative to the

first or previous packet.
A. timestamp
B. playback buffer
C. sequence number
9. _______ are used to number the packets of a real-time

time
transmission
A. Timestamps
B. Playback buffers
C. Sequence numbers
10. In a real-time video conference, data from the server is _______

to the client sites.
A. unicast
B. multicast
C. broadcast

Q-1 Correct Answer :RTP
Q-3 Correct Answer :RTCP
Q-5 Correct Answer :SIP
Q-6 Correct Answer :H.323
Q-7 Correct Answer :more than 10
Q-8 Correct Answer :timestamp
Q-9 Correct Answer :Sequence numbers
by the
This Data Communication and Networking – Cryptography

1. Cryptography Multiple Choice Question and Answer

Answer.
1. ________ is the science and art of transforming messages

to make them secure and immune to attacks.
A. Cryptography
B. Cryptoanalysis
2. The ________is the original message before transformation

A. ciphertext
B. plaintext
C. secret-text
3. The ________ is the message after transformation

A. ciphertext
B. plaintext
C. secret-text
4. A(n) _______ algorithm transforms plaintext to ciphertext

A. encryption
B. decryption
5. A(n) ______ algorithm transforms ciphertext to plaintext

A. encryption
B. decryption
6. A combination of an encryption algorithm and a decryption

algorithm is called a ________.
A. cipher
B. secret
C. key
7. The _______ is a number or a set of numbers on which the cipher

operates
A. cipher
B. secret
C. key
8. In a(n) ________ cipher, the same key is used by both the sender
and receiver.
A. symmetric-key
B. asymmetric-key
9. In a(n) ________, the key is called the secret key.

A. symmetric-key
B. asymmetric-key
10. In a(n) ________ cipher, a pair of keys is used.

A. symmetric-key
B. asymmetric-key

Q-1 Correct Answer :Cryptography
Q-2 Correct Answer :plaintext
Q-3 Correct Answer :ciphertext
Q-4 Correct Answer :encryption
Q-5 Correct Answer :decryption
Q-6 Correct Answer :cipher
Q-7 Correct Answer :key
Q-8 Correct Answer :symmetric-key
:symmetric
:symmetric
Q-10 Correct Answer :asymmetric-key
:asymmetric
Cryptography multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set

Set-2
1. In an asymmetric-key key cipher, the sender uses the__________ key.

A. private
B. public
2. In an asymmetric-key key cipher, the receiver uses the ______ key

A. private
B. public
3. A ________ cipher replaces one character with another

character.
A. substitution
B. transposition
4. _________ ciphers can be categorized into two broad categories:

monoalphabetic and polyalphabetic.
A. Substitution
B. Transposition
5. The _______ cipher is the simplest monoalphabetic cipher. It uses

modular arithmetic with a modulus of 26.
A. transposition
B. additive
C. shift
6. The Caesar cipher is a _______cipher that has a key of 3.

A. transposition
B. additive
C. shift
7. The ________ cipher reorders the plaintext characters to create a

ciphertext.
A. substitution
B. transposition
8. A(n) ______ is a keyless substitution cipher with N inputs and M

outputs that uses a formula to define the relationship between the
input stream and the output stream
A. S-box
B. P-box
C. T-box
9. A(n) _______is a keyless transposition cipher with N inputs and

M outputs that uses a table to define the relationship between the
input stream and the output stream
A. S-box
B. P-box
C. T-box
10. A modern cipher is usually a complex _____cipher made of a

combination of different simple ciphers.
A. round
B. circle
C. square

Q-1 Correct Answer :public
Q-2 Correct Answer :private
Q-3 Correct Answer :substitution
Q-4 Correct Answer :Substitution
Q-5 Correct Answer :shift
Q-6 Correct Answer :shift
Q-7 Correct Answer :transposition
Q-8 Correct Answer :S-box
:S
Q-9 Correct Answer :P-box
:P
Q-10 Correct Answer :round
Cryptography multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set

Set-3
1. DES is a(n) ________ method adopted by the U.S. government.

A. symmetric-key
B. asymmetric-key
2. DES has an initial and final permutation block and _________

rounds
A. 14
B. 15
C. 16
3. The DES function has _______ components

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
4. DES uses a key generator to generate sixteen _______ round keys

A. 32-bit
B. 48-bit
C. 54-bit
D. 42-bit
5. ________ DES was designed to increase the size of the DES key
A. Double
B. Triple
C. Quadruple
6. _______ is a round cipher based on the Rijndael algorithm that

uses a 128-bit block of data
A. AEE
B. AED
C. AER
D. AES
7. AES has _____ different configurations

A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
8. ECB and CBC are ________ ciphers

A. block
B. stream
C. field
9. One commonly used public-key cryptography method is the

______ algorithm
A. RSS
B. RAS
C. RSA
D. RAA
10. The ________ method provides a one-time session key for two
parties
A. Diffie-Hellman
B. RSA
C. DES
D. AES

:symmetric
Q-4 Correct Answer :48-bit
:48
Q-5 Correct Answer :Triple
Q-6 Correct Answer :AES
Q-8 Correct Answer :block
Q-9 Correct Answer :RSA
Q-10 Correct Answer :Diffie-Hellman
:Diffie
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Network Security
multiple choice questions
uestions and answers (MCQ) PDF covers the
1. Network Security Multiple Choice Question and Answer

Answer.
1. Message ________ means that the sender and the receiver expect
privacy
A. confidentiality
B. integrity
C. authentication
2. Message_____ means that the data must arrive at the receiver

exactly as sent
A. confidentiality
B. integrity
C. authentication
3. Message _______ means that the receiver is ensured that the

message is coming from the intended sender, not an imposter
A. confidentiality
B. integrity
C. authentication
4. ________ means that a sender must not be able to deny sending a

message that he sent.
A. Confidentiality
B. Integrity
C. Authentication
D. Nonrepudiation
5. _______ means to prove the identity of the entity that tries to

access the system's resources.
A. Message authentication
B. Entity authentication
C. Message confidentiality
6. A(n) _________ can be used to preserve the integrity of a

document or a message.
message
A. message digest
B. message summary
C. encrypted message
7. A(n) ________function creates a message digest out of a message.

A. encryption
B. decryption
C. hash
8. A hash function must meet ________ criteria.

A. two
B. three
C. four
9. A _______ message digest is used as an MDC.

A. keyless
B. keyed
10. To authenticate the data origin, one needs a(n) _______.

A. MDC
B. MAC

Q-1 Correct Answer :confidentiality
Q-2 Correct Answer :integrity
Q-3 Correct Answer :authentication
Q-4 Correct Answer :Nonrepudiation
Q-5 Correct Answer :Entity authentication
Q-6 Correct Answer :message digest
Q-7 Correct Answer :hash
Q-9 Correct Answer :keyless

Q-10 Correct Answer :MAC
Network Security multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set

Set-2
1. A ________ signature is included in the document; a _______

signature is a separate entity.
A. conventional; digital
B. digital; digital
2. Digital signature provides ________

A. authentication
B. nonrepudiation
C. both (a) and (b)
3. Digital signature cannot provide ________ for the message

A. integrity
B. confidentiality
C. nonrepudiation
D. authentication
4. If _________ is needed, a cryptosystem must be applied over the

scheme
A. integrity
B. confidentiality
C. nonrepudiation
D. authentication
5. A digital signature needs a(n)_________ system

A. symmetric-key
B. asymmetric-key
6. A witness used in entity authentication is ____________

A. something known
B. something possessed
C. something inherent
D. all of the above
7. In _______, a claimant proves her identity to the verifier by using

one of the three kinds of witnesses
A. message authentication
B. entity authentication
C. message confidentiality
D. message integrity
8. Password-based authentication can be divided into two broad

categories: _______ and _______
A. fixed; variable
B. time-stamped;
stamped; fixed
C. fixed; one-time
9. In ________ authentication, the claimant proves that she knows a

secret without actually sending it
A. password-based
B. challenge-response
response
10. Challenge-response
response authentication can be done using ________
A. symmetric-key
key ciphers
B. asymmetric-keykey ciphers
C. keyed-hash
hash functions
D. all of the above

Q-1 Correct Answer :conventional; digital
Q-5 Correct Answer :asymmetric-key
:asymmetric
Q-7 Correct Answer :entity authentication
Q-8 Correct Answer :fixed; one-time
Q-9 Correct Answer :challenge-response
:challenge
Network Security multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set

Set-3
1. A(n) _____ is a trusted third party that assigns a symmetric key

to two parties.
A. KDC
B. CA
C. KDD
2. A(n)______ creates a secret key only between a member and the

center.
A. CA
B. KDC
C. KDD
3. The secret key between members needs to be created as a ______

key when two members contact KDC.
A. public
B. session
C. complimentary
4. __________ is a popular session key creator protocol that

requires an authentication server and a ticket-granting server.
A. KDC
B. Kerberos
C. CA
5. A(n) ________is a federal or state organization that binds a

public key to an entity and issues a certificate.
A. KDC
B. Kerberos
C. CA
6. A(n) ______ is a hierarchical system that answers queries about

key certification.
A. KDC
B. PKI
C. CA
7. The _______ criterion states that it must be extremely difficult or

impossible to create the message if the message digest is given.
A. one-wayness
B. weak-collision-resistance
resistance
C. strong-collision-resistance
resistance
8. The ________ criterion ensures that a message cannot easily be

forged.
A. one-wayness
resistance
resistance
9. The _______criterion ensures that we cannot find two messages

that hash to the same digest
A. one-wayness
resistance
resistance

Q-1 Correct Answer :KDC
Q-2 Correct Answer :KDC
Q-4 Correct Answer :Kerberos
Q-5 Correct Answer :CA
Q-6 Correct Answer :CA
Q-7 Correct Answer :one-wayness
:one
Q-8 Correct Answer :weak-collision-resistance
resistance
Q-09 Correct Answer :strong-collision-resistance
:strong resistance
by the
This
his Data Communication and Networking – Security in the
Internet: IPSec, SSL/TLS, PGP, VPN, and Firewalls multiple
of topics.
1. Security in the Internet Multiple Choice Question and

Answer.
2. IPSec,
c, SSL/TLS, PGP, VPN, and Firewalls Multiple Choice
Answer
1. _________ is a collection of protocols designed by the IETF

(Internet Engineering Task Force) to provide security for a packet
at the network level.
A. IPSec
B. SSL
C. PGP
2. _________ operates in the transport mode or the tunnel mode.

A. IPSec
B. SSL
C. PGP
3. In the ______ mode, IPSec protects information delivered from

the transport layer to the network layer.
A. transport
B. tunnel
4. IPSec in the ______ mode does not protect the IP header

header.
A. transport
B. tunnel
5. The _______ mode is normally used when we need host

host-to-host
(end-to-end) protection of data
A. transport
B. tunnel
6. In the _______ mode, IPSec protects the whole IP packet,

including the original IP header.
A. transport
B. tunnel
7. IPSec defines two protocols: _______ and ________

A. AH; SSL
B. PGP; ESP
C. AH; ESP
8. ______ provides authentication at the IP level.

A. AH
B. ESP
C. PGP
D. SSL
9. ______ provides either authentication or encryption, or both, for

packets at the IP level.
A. AH
B. ESP
C. PGP
D. SSL
10. IPSec uses a set of SAs called the ________

A. SAD
B. SAB
C. SADB

Q-1 Correct Answer :IPSec
Q-6 Correct Answer :tunnel
Q-7 Correct Answer :AH; ESP
Q-8 Correct Answer :AH

Q-9 Correct Answer :ESP
Q-10 Correct Answer :SADB
Security in the Internet multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set
Set-
2
1.______ is the protocol designed to create security associations,

both inbound and outbound.
A. SA
B. CA
C. KDC
D. IKE
2. IKE creates SAs for _____

A. SSL
B. PGP
C. IPSec
D. VP
3. IKE is a complex protocol based on ______ other protocols

A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
4. IKE uses _______

A. Oakley
B. SKEME
C. ISAKMP
D. all of the above
5. A _______network is used inside an organization.

A. private
B. public
C. semi-private
D. semi-public
6. An ________ is a private network that uses the Internet model

A. intranet
B. internet
C. extranet
7. An _________ is a network that allows authorized access from

outside users
A. intranet
B. internet
C. extranet
8. The Internet authorities have reserved addresses for _______

A. intranets
B. internets
C. extranets
9. A ______ provides privacy for LANs that must communicate

through the global Internet.
Internet
A. VPP
B. VNP
C. VNN
D. VPN
10. A _______ layer security protocol provides end-to-end

end security
services for applications.
A. data link
B. network
C. transport

Q-1 Correct Answer :IKE
Q-5 Correct Answer :private
Q-6 Correct Answer :intranet
Q-7 Correct Answer :extranet
Q-9 Correct Answer :VPN
Security in the Internet multiple choice questions and answers MCQ Set
Set-
3
1. ______ is actually an IETF version of _____

A. TLS; TSS
B. SSL; TLS
C. TLS; SSL
D. SSL; SLT
2. ______ provide security at the transport layer.

A. SSL
B. TLS
D. both (a) and (b)
3. _____ is designed to provide security and compression services to

data generated from the application layer.
A. SSL
B. TLS
D. both (a) and (b)
4. Typically, ______ can receive application data from any

application layer protocol, but the protocol is normally HTTP
A. SSL
B. TLS
D. both (a) and (b)
5. SSL provides _________

A. message integrity
B. confidentiality
C. compression
D. all of the above
6. The combination of key exchange, hash, and encryption

algorithms defines a ________ for each SSL session
A. list of protocols
B. cipher suite
C. list of keys
7. In _______, the cryptographic algorithms and secrets are sent

with the message.
A. IPSec
B. SSL
C. TLS
D. PGP
8. One security protocol for the e-mail system is _________

A. IPSec
B. SSL
C. PGP
9. ______ was invented by Phil Zimmerman

A. IPSec
B. SSL
C. PGP
10. ____ provides privacy, integrity, and authentication in e-mail

A. IPSec
B. SSL
C. PGP

Q-1 Correct Answer :TLS; SSL
Q-6 Correct Answer :cipher suite
Q-7 Correct Answer :PGP

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Data Communication and Networking Basic MCQ Set –

In this section of Data Communication and Networking – Data

1. Data communications system MCQs.

Data Communication and Networking Basics MCQ Set – 1

1. The _______ is the physical path over which a message travels.

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2. The information to be communicated in a data communications

3. Frequency of failure and network recovery time after a failure

4. An unauthorized user is a network _______ issue.

Downloaded from www.examradar.com

5. Which topology requires a central controller or hub?

6. Which topology requires a multipoint connection?

7. Communication between a computer and a keyboard involves

8. A television broadcast is an example of _______ transmission.

9. _______ connection provides a dedicated link between two

10. In a _______ connection, more than two devices can share a

Answer key for MCQ SET- 1

Data Communication and Networking Basics MCQ Set – 2

1. In _______ transmission, the channel capacity is shared by both

2. In the original ARPANET, _______ were directly connected

3. This was the first network.

4. Which organization has authority over interstate and

5. _______ are special-interest groups that quickly test, evaluate,

6. Which agency developed standards for physical connection

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8. ______ refers to the structure or format of the data, meaning the

9. ________ defines how a particular pattern to be interpreted, and

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10 . _______ refers to two characteristics: when data should be sent

Answer key for MCQ SET- 2

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Data Communication and Networking Basics MCQ Set – 3

1. Data flow between two devices can occur in a _______ way.

2. In a ______ connection, two and only two devices are connected

3. In a ________ connection, three or more devices share a link.

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4. ______ refers to the physical or logical arrangement of a

5. Devices may be arranged in a _____ topology

6. A _______ is a data communication system within a building,

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7. A ______ is a data communication system spanning states,

8. ________ is a collection of many separate networks

9. There are ______________ Internet service providers.

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10. A ________ is a set of rules that governs data communication.

Answer key for MCQ SET- 3

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Data Communication and Networking – Network Model MCQ

Data Communication and Networking – Network Model MCQ

1. Networking protocols Multiple Choice Question and Answe

Network Model Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

1. The Internet model consists of _______ layers.

3. The _______ layer is the layer closest to the transmission

4. Mail services are available to network users through the _______

8. When data are transmitted from device A to device B, the header

9. The _______ layer changes bits into electromagnetic signals.

10. Which of the following is an application layer service?

4. TCP/IP is a __ hierarchical protocol suite developed the