CHAPTER I

The Problem and Background of the Study

Introduction

A mechanical fan is a machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such

as air. The fan consists of a rotating arrangement of vanes or blades which act on the air. The

rotating assembly of blades and hub is known as an impeller, a rotor, or a runner. Usually, it is

contained within some form of housing or case. This may direct the airflow or increase safety by

preventing objects from contacting the fan blades. Most fans are powered by electric motors, but

other sources of power may be used, including hydraulic motors and internal combustion

engines.

A solar panel (also solar module, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic panel) is a

packaged, connected assembly of photovoltaic cells. The solar panel can be used as a component

of a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity in commercial and residential

applications. Each panel is rated by its DC output power under standard test conditions, and

typically ranges from 100 to 450 watts.

Due to global warming and climate change, the group decided to make a “Solar Fan.” In

this project, the group will transform an old electric fan into a new one where there is no need of

electricity in order to produce air but instead, they will attach a solar panel in it and there is no

need of a power outlet or a battery for it to work.

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Significance of the Study

The researchers’ purpose is to produce a new gadget that is not only used inside the house

but can also be brought outdoor. The group’s main concern is to help lessen the pollution and

convert useless things into a new and more convenient product that will help our community.

The materials that they will be using are all cheap and will surely not affect the environment. The

group has come up with this kind of project due to the increasing problems on earth. The

researchers will surely make a good product because it has a good purpose and contribution to

the environment.

Statement of the Problem

The group came up with the following problems to be addressed in this Investigatory Project:

1. How many hours can we use the solar fan before it needs to be charged again?

2. Is it eco-friendly?

3. How is the appearance of the product?

4. How is the over-all appeal of the Solar Fan?

Hypotheses

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Based on some studies, the researchers have formulated these Hypotheses:

1. We can use the solar fan approximately 4-8 hours before it needs to be recharged.

2. It will be effective because there are a lot of inventions that have solar panels attached in

it and our product will be made with effort and care.

3. The Solar Fan will be convenient because of its purpose and we know that it will be

preferred by many because nowadays, electricity has high wages and people find ways to

be pragmatic. Also, the Solar Fan is handy and you can bring it everywhere especially to

places with no electricity.

Scope and Delimitation

This study focused on producing an eco friendly material that will be benefitted by all

kinds of people. The Solar Fan will be used as a replacement to air conditioners when the people

are using their cars. This is a good way because they can save gas and also energy. The product

will be evaluated by twenty respondents of OLMS. The study will be conducted at Filinvest 2.

The product was made more possible through the guidance of the researchers’ relatives who are

expert in this field.

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

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 Input
Old Electricfan
Process Output
Solar Panel
Installation
Screwdriver
Soldering Iron
Solar Fan
DVD Cases

Fig 1: Theoretical Framework

The materials used in making the product are Old Electric fan, Solar Panel, Screwdriver,

Soldering Iron and Old DVD Case. In doing this project, the researchers are to install the solar

panel into the electric fan using the said materials.

Process
Input Evaluaion in terms of: Output
* Time Lasted
Production and * Eco Friendliness Conlusion and
Development of Solar Fan * Appearance Recommendation
* Over All Appeal

Fig. 2: Conceptual Framework Diagram

The product will be evaluated by the chosen respondents in terms of time when to

recharge again, eco- friendliness, appearance and over all appeal.

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Definition of Terms

1. Solar Panel - A group of connected solar cells.

2. Impeller - One that impels, as a rotating device used to force a fluid in a desired direction

under pressure.

3. Pragmatic – practical

4. Photovoltaic System - The word “photovoltaic” combines two terms – “photo” means

light and “voltaic” means voltage. A photovoltaic system in this discussion uses

photovoltaic cells to directly convert sunlight into electricity.

5. Direct current (DC) - is the unidirectional flow of [electric charge].

6. Hydraulic Motors - A device that converts the energy from liquid flow into mechanical

motion. 

7. Screwdriver - a tool used for turning screws, having an end that fits into the slot in the

head of the screw.

8. Rotor – A rotating part of a mechanical device.

9. Vanes – A movable device attached to an elevated object (as a spire) for showing the

direction of the wind.

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 CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter presents the different studies and literature gathered that are related to the

researchers’ product.

Review of Related Literature

A punkah (Hindi pronunciation: pankha) is a type of fan used in the early 500 B.C.. In its

original sense the punkah was a portable fan made from the leaf of the palmyra. In the colonial

age, the word came to be used in a special sense by Anglo-Indians in British India for a large

swinging fan, fixed to the ceiling, and pulled by a coolie, called the punkawallah, during the hot

weather. The researchers could relate this to their study because their product is a fan; this study

shows the origin of the first types of fan used before. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punkah

August 2, 2012 8:56pm)

The first American fans were made from around the late 1890s to the early 1920s, when

domestic electric fans were first sold in America. They hard brass blades, many of them also had

electric fan that helps our environment to be free from pollution and it is portable. Like what we

have stated, our product is eco- friendly and portable, too. (Encyclopedia 9:00pm)

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 Dr. Schulyer Wheeler invented the electric fan in 1886. He figured out how to apply the
fledgling science of electricity to make a fan turn. Drawing on the work of Thomas Edison and
Nicola Tesla, Wheeler invented a desktop fan consisting of two blades-unshielded by any sort of
protective cage-powered by an electric motor. The fan was marketed by the Crocker & Curtis
Electric Motor Co. This study gives us the inventor of the first electric fan ever created.
(http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_invented_the_first_electric_fan August 2, 2012 9:04pm)

Review of Related Studies

The “Solar Fan,” a research paper, explains how and why the researchers have come up

with a unique and an eco friendly device that can be used in our daily lives, whenever and

wherever they want to. The researchers’ main goal is to improve old appliances and transform it

into new ones that will help our community during hot climates and weather. Aside from that,

the study includes the procedures on how it is being done and also the materials that they are to

use in making the product possible. With the facts presented from the books, internet and studies

they have cited, those will help us learn more and explore things.

The electric fan is a machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air.

It uses electricity to operate and to help the device to function.

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 Solar air conditioning refers to any air conditioning (cooling) system that uses solar

power. This can be done through passive solar, solar thermal energy conversion

and photovoltaic conversion (sunlight to electricity). The U.S. Energy Independence and

Security Act of 2007, created 2008 through 2012 funding for a new solar air conditioning

research and development program, which should develop and demonstrate multiple new

technology innovations and mass production economies of scale. Solar air conditioning will play

an increasing role in zero-energy and energy-plus buildings design.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_air_conditioning August 14, 2012 7:59 pm)

The 2nd century Chinese inventor Ding Huan (fl. 180) of the Han Dynasty invented a

rotary fan for air conditioning, with seven wheels 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and manually powered.

In 747, Emperor Xuanzong (r. 712–762) of the Tang Dynasty (618–907) had the Cool Hall

(Liang Tian) built in the imperial palace, which the Tang Yulin describes as having water-

powered fan wheels for air conditioning as well as rising jet streams of water from fountains.

During the subsequent Song Dynasty (960–1279), written sources mentioned the air conditioning

rotary fan as even more widely used. (http://in.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?

qid=20090612221709AA0AfIV August 14, 2012 7:45 pm)

The researchers used these informations to help them in doing their product successfully.

CHAPTER III

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 Methodology

This chapter contains all the materials used in making the product.

A. Materials/ Equipment

Here are the materials needed in doing the product.

1. Electric fan

A machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air.

Fig. 3: Electric Fan

This will be the main material in the project.

2. Solar Panel

It is a group of connected solar cells.

Fig. 4: Solar Panel

This will be the main source of electricity.

3. Screwdriver

This is used for driving screws and bolts.

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 Fig. 5: Screwdriver

It is a tool for driving screws or bolts with special

slots

4. Soldering Iron

It is a hand tool used in soldering.

Fig. 6: Soldering Iron

This is used to heat and melt the lead so that it can flow into the joint between two work
pieces.

5. DVD Case

It is the cover of DVDs or CDs.

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 Fig. 7: DVD Case

This will be converted into a box where the Solar Fan will be put.

B. Treatment/ General Procedures

The following are the steps followed in making the product:

1. Prepare all the materials needed.

2. Detach the blades of the electric fan using the Soldering Iron and the solar panel from

its case.

3. Using the DVD Case, make a box that will serve as the housing of the Solar Fan.

4. Make sure to charge the Solar Panel so you can use the product.

C. Data Gathering Procedures

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 The Solar Fan was tested by the researchers through the survey they conducted. The

respondents were asked to rate the product from 1-5 according to the effectiveness and over all

appeal of the product using the Survey Form.

In rating the product, simply encircle the number, 1 will be the lowest and 5 being the
highest.

1 or POOR, is the lowest ranking, this means that the product has a poor quality and is

not effective.

2 or BELOW AVERAGE, is the second to the lowest ranking, this means that there are

still things needed to be improved.

3 is AVERAGE meaning that the respondents are satisfied with the product.

4 or ABOVE AVERAGE is very good which means that the researchers have done it

well but it has still some corrections.

5 or EXCELLENT, is the highest of all, this only proves that the respondents made a

good job in making the product.

CHAPTER IV

Presentation, Analysis & Interpretation

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 In this chapter, the group will be presenting the records, tables and graphs of the respondents who rated
their product.

Table 1: Time Lasted

RATING NUMBER OF PERCENTAGE

RESPONDENTS

5 7 35%

4 12 60%

3 1 5%

2 0 0%

1 0 0%

According to the table above, 7 students rated it as Excellent, 12 students rated it as Above
Average while a student graded it as Average; this only means that the product can be used for a longer
period of time.

Graph 1: Time Lasted

5
4
3
2
1

The graph above shows that 35% of the respondents rated 5 or Excellent. 60% of the respondents

rated 4 or outstanding. 5% rated 3 or average.

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 TABLE 2: Eco Friendliness

RATING NUMBER OF PERCENTAGE

RESPONDENTS

5 16 80%

4 4 20%

3 0 0%

2 0 0%

1 0 0%

Based on the table above, 16 of the students gave the rating of 5 meaning Excellent on the other

hand, only 4 of the students gave a rating of 4 meaning Above Average. With these ratings, the members

found out that they really made an eco friendly product.

Graph 2: Eco Friendliness

5
4
3
2
1

As shown in the figure above, 80% of the respondents rated 5. While 20% of the respondents

rated 4. This proves that the researchers had produced a good product.

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 Table 3: Appearance

RATING NUMBER OF PERCENTAGE

RESPONDENTS

5 11 55%

4 8 40%

3 1 5%

2 0 0%

1 0 0%

With the table below, 11 students graded the product’s appearance as Excellent, 8 students said it

is Above Average while a student rated its appearance as Average. With these ratings, the respondents

were pleased with the Solar Fan’s appearance.

Graph 3: Appearance

5
4
3
2
1

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 In the figure above shows that 55% or 11 respondents rated the product as Excellent. 40% or 8

respondents rated it as Above Average while 5% or 1 respondent said that it as Average.

Table 4: Overall Appeal

RATING NUMBER OF PERCENTAGE

RESPONDENTS

5 16 80%

4 4 20%

3 0 0%

2 0 0%

1 0 0%

As shown in the table above, 16 out of the 20 respondents agreed to give the Solar Fan 5 which is

Excellent while only 4 of them rated it as Above Average. With these, the researchers are really much

pleased to say that they come up with a good product based on the respondent’s answers to the survey.

Graph 4: Overall Appeal

5
4
3
2
1

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 In the figure above shows that 80% of respondents rated 5 for the overall appeal of the product

which indicates that the product created is Excellent. 20% rated 4 meaning that it is average.

Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

This chapter shows the final analysis of the researchers about their study.

Summary

Based on the analysis of the data, the following were the findings of the study: Thirty-

Five percent (35%) or seven out of 20 respondents said that the product can last longer compared

to product same with the researchers’, while the rest of the respondents rated it as above average

or an average. For the eco friendliness of the product eighty percent (80%) or 16 out of 20

respondents said that the product has an excellent quality for lessening the damage in our

environment and the other respondents rated the product as above average. For the appearance of

the product, fifty-five percent (55%) or 11 out of 20 respondents said that the product has an

excellent appearance that will help the buyers patronize their product if it will be sold in markets

in the future and the other respondents rated the product as above average. For the overall appeal,

eighty percent (80%) or 16 out of 20 respondents rated the product as excellent and some said

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that it can be approved to be sold in the market and the rest rated it as above average while others

said it is average.

Conclusion

From the findings of the study, the researchers were able to conclude that the Solar Fan

has a good chance of being used by many people for it is convenient and easy to use. This

innovation in the said terms passed the qualifications of the respondents. The time it lasted based

on the time it has been charged, the eco friendliness on how it can contribute to lessen the

damage of our environment, the appearance of it based on its structure and design and the

excellent quality it has. The researchers’ creation is a capable product that can be recommended

for the people to use.

Recommendation

In line with the foregoing conclusions, the following recommendations are now in place;

first, the respondents recommended improving the solar panel so people can use it for longer

hours especially when there is no electricity. Further improvement for its presentation is a must

also, in order for it to look more pleasing. Lastly according to the respondents the blow of the

wind must be improved for it to produce more air.

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