CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains of the research design, the data and data source, the
technique of collecting data, and the last the technique of analysis data.

3.1 Research Design

Research design should be a reflexive process operating through every

stage of a project (Hammersley & Atkinson, 1995, p. 24). It means, this step is a
plan to commit a study that will be used as a guide in collecting data.

This research uses qualitative method. Maxwell (2008:214) states that

qualitative method is a research procedure, that produces descriptive data in the
form of written or oral words from people and their behavior that are observed.
There are different types of research designs that use qualitative research
techniques to arrange the research approach. As a result, the different techniques
have a significance effect on the research strategies. The data collected is in the
form of words or picture rather than numbers.

The data are analyzed by using context in the movie. According to

Maxwell (2008:221) understanding the particular context within which the
participants act and the influence this context has on their actions. Qualitative
research typically is a relatively small number of individuals or situations and
preserve the individuality of each of these in the analyses, rather than collecting
data from large samples and aggregating the data across individuals or situations.
Thus, it means to understand how events, actions, and meanings are shaped by the
unique circumstances in which these occur.

This research, is using descriptive qualitative research method because of

two reasons. The data in this study are the form of words and can describe the
linguistic phenomena in the movie. So, the data can be explained in detail based
on directive speech act theory.
3.2 The Data and Data source

This research is analyze a movie entitled The Finest Hours as a data

source. The data of this research are directive speech acts in the form of phrase,
clause and sentence. The dialogues are contain directive speech acts that are
spoken by the characters in The Finest Hours Movie.

The data of this study are taken from the transcript in the conversation
between the main character and other characters (example: Bernie Webber and
Gus) in The Finest Hours. It means that the conversations are only between the
interlocutor related with their positions. The examples of the data are:

1. a. (Bernie) : Yeah, I'm Bernie.

b. (Gus) : Hey, you two,

let's go grab a drink.

c. (Bernie) : Yeah.

2. a. (Bernie) : All right, hang on.

b. (Gus) : Easy, now. Easy, fellas.

c. (Bernie) : I got it.

The source of the data in this research is The Finest Hours, because the
data were taken from movie it self.

The Finest Hours tells about Bernard “Bernie” Webber a crewman at

the Coast Guard station in Chatham, Massachusetts, on Cape Cod, has fallen in
love with a local girl, Miriam Pentinen. They plan to marry, but in accordance
with Coast Guard regulations, Bernie must seek a permission from the station's
commander, Daniel Cluff. On the day he asks the permission, the oil
tanker SS Pendleton is getting caught in a nor easter. With the majority of the
station's crew already underway with the rescue of the similarly damaged SS Fort
Mercer, Bernie is dispatched to pilot motor lifeboat CG 36500 to rescue the crew
of Pendleton. Andrew Fitzgerald, Ervin Maske, and Richard P. Livesey are
volunteer to join Bernie on the rescue mission.
 The Finest Hours movie is a 2016 American historical drama-thriller film
directed by Craig Gillespie and produced by Walt Disney Pictures. The
screenplay, written by Eric Johnson, Scott Silver, and Paul Tamasy, This movie is
a true story of the U.S. Coast Guard's Most Daring Sea Rescue by Michael J.
Tougias and Casey Sherman.

3.3 The Technique of Collecting Data

The data in this research are taken from The Finest Hours movie that is
directed by Craig Gillespie. The technique of collecting data will be described as
follows:

1. Downloading movie and the script from the internet.

2. Watching and repeating the movie entitled The Finest Hours for several times
in order to understand the whole story by using a laptop.
3. Comparing the script from internet with the dialogues in the movie of The
Finest hours to check the dialogues.
4. Identifying the dialogue presenting the functions of directive speech acts and
the forms of directive speech acts between the main characters and others in
the same and different situation.
5. The number of characters who have conversations with the main character is
12. The number of dialogues between the characters with the main characters
is 25. Therefore, all the dialogues are taken as the data.

3.4 The Technique of Analyzing Data

After raising the data, this research give some steps to

analyze the obtained data as follows:

1. Reading the dialogues used as data.

2. Analyzing the functions of directive speech act based on Searle theory.
3. Analyzing the forms of the directive speech acts based on Recanati and
Levinson theory.
4. Writing conclusion from the data analysis and giving suggestion.