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Materi Mesin CNC (P9 Daring)
Materi Mesin CNC (P9 Daring)
Automatically
Programmed Tool
(APT)
adalah bahasa pemrograman
komputer tingkat tinggi yang
paling umum digunakan dalam
menghasilkan instruksi untuk
peralatan mesin yang dikontrol
secara numerik.
POINT In APT a point can be defined in 10 different ways; several of these are:
By coordinates Y
P1
POINT/ X-coordinate, Y-coordinate, Z-coordinate Z
Example: P1 = POINT/ 15.0, 10.5, 25.0
By a center of a circle X
By the intersection of two lines L1
P3
POINT/ INT OF, symbol for a line, symbol for a line
Example: P3 = POINT/ INT OF, L1, L2 L2
1/8/2021
In APT a line can be expressed in 13 different ways; several of In APT a circle can be expressed in 10 different ways;
LINES these are: CIRCLES several of these are:
P2 P1 C1
Through two points By three points through which the circle passing P2
L1 P3
LINE/ symbol for a point, symbol for a point P1 CIRCLE/ symbol for a point, symbol for a point ,
Example: L1 = LINE/ P1, P2 symbol for a point
Example: C1 = CIRCLE/ P1, P2, P3
By a point and tangent circle
By the center and a point on the circumference P2
LINE/ symbol for a point, LEFT , TANTO, symbol for a circle
RIGHT CIRCLE/ CENTER, symbol for a circle center point,
y -140 C2
Example: L2 = LINE/ P3, LEFT, TANTO, C1 L2 symbol for a point on the circumference
L3 = LINE/ P3, RIGHT, TANTO, C1 P1
40 C1 Example: C2 = CIRCLE/ CENTER, P1, P2
P3
Through a point and an angle with L3
another line By the center and the radius
x
LINE/ symbol for a point, ATANGL, angular value, symbol for a line, symbol for a line CIRCLE/ CENTER, symbol for a circle center point, R15
C3
RADIUS, radius of circle
Example: L2 = LINE/ P3,ATANGL,40,L3 P1
L2 = LINE/ P3,ATANGL,-140,L3 Example: C3 = CIRCLE/ CENTER, P1, RADIUS, 15
6
Solution:
By a parallel plane and the perpendicular PL2
P3 C1 P1 = POINT/ 0.5, 0
distance between the two planes P2 = POINT/ 6.0, 3.0
4
P3 = POINT/ 6.0, 4.0
XLARGE L2 L1 = LINE/ P1, P2
XSMALL P2
2 C1 = CIRCLE/ CENTER, P3, P2
PLANE/ PARLEL, symbol for a plane, YLARGE , offset distance between the two planes L2 = LINE/ P1, LEFT, TANTO, C1
YSMALL L1
ZLARGE
ZSMALL 0
2 4 6 x
P1
Example: PL2 = PLANE/ PARLEL, PL1, ZSMALL, 10.3
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Contouring : (3 kontrol permukaan )
PERNYATAAN GERAK (MOTION STATEMENTS)
ujung tool berpindah ke permukaan komponen
• Pernyataan pergerakan, operasi :
Tool slide sepanjang permukaan bergerak.
point-to-point , dan Gerakan berlanjut sampai tool menemukan permukaan
contouring. Sebelum tool dapat berpindah sepanjang permukaan
pengontrolan, tool harus dibawa (gerakan awal)
•Point-to-point : (3 pernyataan gerakan)
Format gerakan awal :
FROM/simbol titik yang didefinisikan : menunjukkan posisi awal
cutter
GO/cutter specifier, drive surface, cutter specifier, part
surface, cutter specifier, check surface
GOTO/ simbol titik yang didefinisikan : posisi pusat tool pada titik
yang ditetapkan.
Cutter specifier : TO, ON, PAST
Contoh : GO/TO, CIRC1, ON, PL1, TO, LIN1
GODLTA/X, Y, Z : posisi cutter dalam pertambahan yang ditetapkan dari
lokasi sekarang.
Cutter Specifier
Three Surface Control
TO ON PAST
CHECK SURFACE
DRIVE
SURFACE
TAN TO
PART SURFACE
1/8/2021
Pernyataan gerakan awal : hanya muncul sekali dan membawa
Drive surface pernyataan GO/ : pemotongan permukaan sepanjang cutter dari posisi awal ke bahan kerja
pernyataan gerakan berikutnya.
Pemotongan aktual dikontrol oleh intermediate motion statement
Pernyataan gerakan awal : hanya mucul sekali dan membawa cutter
Format intermediate motion statement ada 4, salah satunya:
dari posisi awal ke bahan kerja
Kata gerakan/drive surface, cutter specifier, check surface
Pemotongan aktual dikontrol oleh intermediate motion
statement Contoh : GOLFT/DRS, TO, CKS
Format intermediate motion statement ada 4, salah satunya : Dalam pernyataan gerakan intermediate, cutter specifier ada 4
tipe berbeda : TO, ON, PAST, TANTO
Kata gerakan/drive surface, cutter specifier, check surface
Contoh : GOLFT/DRS, TO, CKS
Terdapat 6 kata gerakan berbeda, yaitu :
GOLFT, GORGT, GOFWD, GOBACK, GOUP, GODOWN
Directions of
Contouring Motion
Words GOUP
GOFWD
GOLFT GORGT
GOLFT GORGT
GOBACK
GODOWN
1/8/2021
FINI : mengidentifikasikan tidak ada successor dan oleh
karenanya menghentikan program.
LATIHAN / TUGAS KECIL ‐2:
Buat 1 program (geometric & motion statements – APT)
sederhana untuk lintasan geometri dari suatu benda
(benda : bebas & tidak boleh sama satu sama lain)
1/8/2021