Escuela Politécnica Nacional: Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica

ESCUELA POLITÉCNICA NACIONAL
E Scientia Hominis Salus
FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA
TERMODINÁMICA APLICADA
DEBER 1
Ejercicios Ciclo Otto resueltos con EES
Alisson Herrera
File:Problema 9-33.EES 13/12/2020 23:52:20 Page 1
er. 9.944: #4402: EASY ENGINEERING, https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjC8ulmve2QNRJXhDpk-L2A+ CN xJID_JLN yNINGGBDE CJH@NYX _NJF
9-33. An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. At the beginning of the compression process, air is at 95 kPa and 27°C,
and 750 kJ/kg of heat is transferred to air during the constant-volume heat-addition process. Taking into account the variation
of specific heats with temperature, determine (a) the pressure and temperature at the end of the heat- addition process, (b)
the net work output, (c) the thermal efficiency, and (d) the mean effective pressure for the cycle.
DATOS DEL PROBLEMA
T 2 = 634,15 [K] suposición
T 4 = 762,9 [K] suposición
rc = 8
v1
= rc
v2
v4
= rc
v3
P 1 = 95 [kPa]
T 1 = 27 [K] + 273 [K]
q in = 750 [kJ/kg]
R = 0,287 [kJ/kg-K]
Proceso 1-2: Compresión Isentrópica
u 1 = u Air ; T = T 1
P1 · v1 = R · T1
Calor específico variable
T1 + T2
T 12m =
2
cv 12m = Cv Air ; T = T 12m
T 2n 1
cv 12m · ln + R · ln = 0
T1 rc
u 2 = u Air ; T = T 2n
P2 · v2 P1 · v1
=
T2 T1
PROCESO 2-3: ADICION CALOR V CTE
q in = u3 – u2
T 3 = T Air ; u = u 3
P2 · v2 P3 · v3
=
T2 T3
T máx = T3
P máx = P3
PROCESO 3-4: EXPANSION ISENTROPICA
Calor específico variable
T3 + T4
T 34m =
2
cv 34m = Cv Air ; T = T 34m
T 4n
cv 34m · ln + R · ln rc = 0
T3
u 4 = u Air ; T = T 4n
P4 · v4 P3 · v3
=
T4 T3
PROCESO 4-1: RECHAZO CALOR V CTE
q out = u4 – u1
v4 = v1
w neto = q in – q out trabajo neto por unidad de masa
q out
h th = 1 – eficiencia térmica
q in
w neto
PME = presion media efectiva
v1 – v2
SOLUTION
Unit Settings: SI K kPa kJ mass deg
cv12m = 0,7362 [kJ/kg-K] cv34m = 0,88 [kJ/kg-K] hth = 0,5153
PME = 487,3 [kPa] P1 = 95 [kPa] P2 = 1607 [kPa]
P3 = 3902 [kPa] P4 = 241,6 [kPa] Pmáx = 3902 [kPa]
qin = 750 [kJ/kg] qout = 363,5 [kJ/kg] R = 0,287 [kJ/kg-K]
rc = 8 T1 = 300 [K] T12m = 467,1 [K]
T2 = 634,2 [K] T2n = 674,8 [K] T3 = 1540 [K]
T34m = 1152 [K] T4 = 762,9 [K] T4n = 781,7 [K]
Tmáx = 1540 [K] u1 = 214,3 [kJ/kg] u2 = 492,9 [kJ/kg]
u3 = 1243 [kJ/kg] u4 = 577,8 [kJ/kg] v1 = 0,9063 [m3/kg]
v2 = 0,1133 [m3/kg] v3 = 0,1133 [m3/kg] v4 = 0,9063 [m3/kg]
wneto = 386,5 [kJ/kg]
No unit problems were detected.

9-34. Reconsider Problem 9-33. Using EES (or other) software; study the effect of varying the compression ratio from 5 to
10. Plot the net work output and thermal efficiency as a function of the compression ratio. Plot the T-s and P-v diagrams for
the cycle when the compression ratio is 8
DATOS DEL PROBLEMA
P 1 = 95 [kPa]
T 1 = 300 [K]
q 23 = 750 [kJ/kg]
R = 0,287 [kJ/kg-K]
PROCESO 1-2
s 1 = s Air ; T = T 1 ; P = P 1
s2 = s1
T 2 = T Air ; s = s 2 ; P = P 2
v2 v1
P2 · = P1 ·
T2 T1
P1 · v1 = R · T1
v1
v2 =
r comp
u 2 = u Air ; T = T 2
u 1 = u Air ; T = T 1
q 12 – w 12 = u2 – u1
q 12 = 0
PROCESO 2-3
v3 = v2
s 3 = s Air ; T = T 3 ; P = P 3
P3 · v3 = R · T3
u 3 = u Air ; T = T 3
q 23 – w 23 = u3 – u2
w 23 = 0
PROCESO 3-4: EXPANSION ISENTROPICA
s4 = s3
T 4 = T Air ; s = s 4 ; P = P 4
P4 · v4 = R · T4
u 4 = u Air ; T = T 4
q 34 – w 34 = u4 – u3
q 34 = 0
PROCESO 4-1: RECHAZO CALOR v CTE
v4 = v1
q 41 – w 41 = u4 – u1
w 41 = 0
q in;total = q 23
q out;total = – q 41
w neto = w 12 + w 23 + w 34 + w 41 trabajo neto por unidad de masa
q out;total
h th = 1 – eficiencia térmica
q in;total
w neto
PME = presion media efectiva
v1 – v2
Parametric Table: Table 1

rcomp hth PME wneto
[kPa] [kJ/kg]
Run 1 5 0,7317 1312 951,2

Run 2 6 0,7397 1252 945,2
Run 3 7 0,75 1207 937,5
Run 4 8 0,7655 1167 925,8
Air
3000
kg
m3/
0,11
0,9
2500
2000
Pa
Pa
Pa
,3 k
k
7k
87
19
Pa
1500
4
23
7,1
k
95
T [°C]
1000
500
-500
4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0
s [kJ/kg-K]
Air
2x103
103
6,2
8
6,
6k
37
J /k
9
g-
K
P [kPa]
60,94°C
102
942,1°C
2,821°C
101 300°C
5x10-2 10-1 100 101 5x101

v [m3/kg]
0,77
0,76
0,75
hth
0,74
0,73
5 6 7 8
rcomp
1320
1270
PME [kPa]
1220
1170
5 6 7 8
rcomp
955
950
945
wneto [kJ/kg]
940
935
930
925
5 6 7 8
rcomp
File:Problema 9-37E.EES 14/12/2020 2:28:13 Page 1
9-37E. A spark-ignition engine has a compression ratio of 8, an isentropic compression efficiency of 85 percent, and an isentropic
expansion efficiency of 95 percent. At the beginning of the compression, the air in the cylinder is at 13 psia and 60°F. The
maximum gas temperature is found to be 2300°F by measurement. Determine the heat supplied per unit mass, the thermal
efficiency, and the mean effective pressure of
this engine when modeled with the Otto cycle. Use constant specific heats at room temperature.
DATOS DEL PROBLEMA
r comp = 8
h comp = 0,85
h exp = 0,95
P 1 = 13 [psia]
T 1 = 520 [R]
T 3 = 2760 [R]
R = 0,3704 [psia-ft3/lbm-R]
c p = 0,24 [Btu/lbm-R]
c v = 0,171 [Btu/lbm-R]
k = 1,4
PROCESO 1-2
k – 1
T 2s = T 1 · r comp
T 2s – T 1
h comp =
T2 – T1
P1 · v1 = R · T1
v1
v2 =
r comp
PROCESO 2-3
q in = cv · T3 – T2
PROCESO 3-4
k – 1
1
T 4s = T3 ·
r comp
T3 – T4
h exp =
T 3 – T 4s
w neto = cv · T3 – T4 – cv · T2 – T1 trabajo neto por unidad de masa
w neto
h th = eficiencia térmica
q in
File:Problema 9-37E.EES 14/12/2020 2:28:14 Page 2
w neto
PME = · 5,404 [psia-ft3/Btu] presion media efectiva
v1 – v2
SOLUTION
Unit Settings: Eng R psia mass deg
cp = 0,24 [Btu/lbm-R] cv = 0,171 [Btu/lbm-R]
hcomp = 0,85 hexp = 0,95
hth = 0,475 k = 1,4
PME = 48,97 [kPa] P1 = 13 [psia]
qin = 247,3 [kJ/kg] R = 0,3704 [psia-ft3/lbm-R]
rcomp = 8 T1 = 520 [R]
T2 = 1314 [K] T2s = 1195 [R]
T3 = 2760 [R] T4 = 1279 [K]
T4s = 1201 [R] v1 = 14,82 [m3/kg]
v2 = 1,852 [m3/kg] wneto = 117,5 [kJ/kg]
6 potential unit problems were detected.

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ESCUELA POLITÉCNICA NACIONAL

E Scientia Hominis Salus

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA

Ejercicios Ciclo Otto resueltos con EES

DATOS DEL PROBLEMA

T 2 = 634,15 [K] suposición

T 4 = 762,9 [K] suposición

T 1 = 27 [K] + 273 [K]

Proceso 1-2: Compresión Isentrópica

Calor específico variable

cv 12m = Cv Air ; T = T 12m

PROCESO 2-3: ADICION CALOR V CTE

PROCESO 3-4: EXPANSION ISENTROPICA

Calor específico variable

cv 34m = Cv Air ; T = T 34m

PROCESO 4-1: RECHAZO CALOR V CTE

w neto = q in – q out trabajo neto por unidad de masa

No unit problems were detected.

DATOS DEL PROBLEMA

PROCESO 3-4: EXPANSION ISENTROPICA

PROCESO 4-1: RECHAZO CALOR v CTE

w neto = w 12 + w 23 + w 34 + w 41 trabajo neto por unidad de masa

Parametric Table: Table 1

Run 1 5 0,7317 1312 951,2

5x10-2 10-1 100 101 5x101

DATOS DEL PROBLEMA

w neto = cv · T3 – T4 – cv · T2 – T1 trabajo neto por unidad de masa

6 potential unit problems were detected.

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