Contents

 Introduction
 Pre Construction Works
 Activities In Pile Foundation
 Specification
 Milestones
 Test on Pile
 Specialized Subcontractors

May 21
Pile Foundation 1
 Introduction
• Pile foundation

 Type of deep foundation

 Loads taken to low level (hard starta) by means of vertical

members

 by boring a hole within ground, with or without the aid of

temporary casing ( to keep the hole stabilized ) and subsequently
filling it with plain or reinforced concrete.

 transmit the load of the structure to the soil by resistance

developed either at the tip by end-bearing or along the surface
of the shaft by friction or by both.

May 21 Pile Foundation 2

 Pre Construction works
 Drawings Study
 Permission from traffic department for diversion
 Geotechnical Investigation
 Utility Findings/Utility Shifting
 Barricading
 Trial Pits (Diagonal Cross trenching)
 Dewatering if necessary
 Sheet Piling if necessary
 Survey Works
 Road Breaking if nessesary

May 21 Pile Foundation 3

 Drawings Study & Permission from traffic
department for diversion
 Drawings study
 Area of Work
 Traffic Density
 Existing
Building &
Structures in
alignment

May 21 Pile Foundation 4

 Traffic Diversion

May 21 Pile Foundation 5

 Geotechnical Investigation
 The nature of the subsoil both around and beneath the proposed pile
 Ground water levels, sulphate and chloride content
 In case rock is encountered, adequate description of the rock
 The purpose of conducting SPT is to obtain the standard penetration
resistance, commonly called the N value

May 21 Pile Foundation 6

May 21 Pile Foundation 7
 Diagonal cross trenching

Chartered Utilities
Unchartered Utilities
Function of Utilities( Water ,Sewer,Gas)
Level of Utilities
According to pile cap area

Trail Pits

May 21 Pile Foundation 8

 Barricading
 Minimum width of construction after considering pile cap
width and rotation of piling rig machine
 Less disturbance to traffic
 For 2 m Height and 1 m length structural steel weight
approx. 114 kg per rmt
 Use for minimum two numbers of project

May 21 Pile Foundation 9

 Sheet piling /Shoring

May 21 Pile Foundation 10

 Construction Works

May 21 Pile Foundation 11

May 21 Pile Foundation 12
 Activities in Piling
• Boring by Piling Rig
 Survey Work
 Insert temporary or permanent liner -150 times
• (when it does not stand by itself) is required to be
• Stabilized with the aid of a temporary
casing/polymer slurry
 Permanent liner ( 8 mm thk) may be used to avoid
the aggressive action of ground water or marine
situations
 Boring by rotary bucket or diamond bits Auger as
case may be
 Vibro Hammer
 Disposal of muck –Avaibility of land by client or
Contractor
• Tipper
• Wheel loader

May 21 Pile Foundation 13

 Polymer slurry
At time of boring polymer slurry to be added
in boring to stabilize soil.
Polymer slurry tank provision before start the
boring
Quantity = 0.6 lit per cum

May 21 Pile Foundation 14

 2) Reinforcement Cage Lowering by
crawler crane
Steel ratio is around 120-200 kg
per cum w.r.t.dia of main bar

For 15 m length =15*1.13=16.95

cum

Total steel wt=16.95*0.15=2.5

ton

May 21 Pile Foundation 15

 Steel details
with GI pipe for
cross hole sonic
logging test

May 21 Pile Foundation 16

• 3) Concreting

 lf the specific gravity of the drilling mud at the base of the bore exceeds 1.20 g/cc the placing
of concrete shall not proceed.

Concrete in same pile group will be done after 24 hrs .

Above 5% reduction in consumption of poured concrete quantities in pile may be rejected .

May 21 Pile Foundation 17
May 21 Pile Foundation 18
 Post Construction Works
 Removal of temporary casing
 Pile Chipping (contaminated concrete ) Quantities for
overflow concrete in Main Boq)
 Site Clearance

May 21 Pile Foundation 19

 Test on Pile
1)Initial vertical load tests
2)Initial lateral load tests
3)Routine vertical load tests
4)Routine lateral load tests
5) Initial Pull out test
6)Non destructive integrity testing
7)Sonic Logging test (intergrity) (ultransonic
piulse)

May 21 Pile Foundation 20

 Specification (IS: 2911 -2010 Part I Section 2
Bored Cast in-situ Concrete Piles)

• Spacing of Piles
• piles founded on a very hard stratum and deriving their capacity mainly from end
bearing - 2.5 times the diameter of the shaft
• In case of piles resting on rock, the spacing of 2 times the diameter may be
adopted.
• Piles deriving their bearing capacity mainly from friction shall not be less than
three times the diameter of the shaft.

May 21 Pile Foundation 21

 Concrete
 The maximum size of coarse aggregate shall not exceed 20mm.
 For pile of smaller diameter and depth of up to 10 m, the minimum
cement content should be 350 kg/m3 of concrete
 For piles of large diameter and/or deeper piles, the minimum
cement content should be 400 kg/m3 of concrete.
 The time interval between the completion of boring and placing of
concrete shall not exceed 6 hour .
 lf the specific gravity of the drilling mud at the base of the bore
exceeds 1.20 g/cc the placing of concrete shall not proceed.
 The top of concrete in a pile shall be brought above the cut-off level
since the top concrete is loose and is weak because of
contamination with water/drilling mud.

May 21 Pile Foundation 22

 Slump of concrete
 shall range between 100 to 180 mm
 100 mm-180 mm - Poured into water-free unlined bore Having widely spaced
reinforcement ,cut-off level of pile is within the casing and diameter of pile is less
than or equal to 600 mm, higher order of slump within this range may be used
 150 mm-180 mm - Where concrete is to be placed under water or drilling mud, by
tremie or by placer

May 21 Pile Foundation 23

 Casings and Tremie Pipes
 tremie pipes shall be in mild steel.
 The tremie pipe shall not be less than 200mm diameter for 20mm aggregate.

May 21 Pile Foundation 24

 Reinforcement
 The minimum diameter of the links or spirals shall be 6 mm and the spacing of the
links or spirals shall be not less than 150 mm.
 shall project 60 times bar diameters above the cut off level or as specified in the
drawing.
 Only circular concrete cover blocks threaded on to the helix shall be used

May 21 Pile Foundation 25

 Pile Cap
 The clear overhang of the pile cap beyond the outermost pile in the group shall
normally be 103 to 150 mm depending upon the pile size.
 The cap is generally cast over a 75 mm or 100 mm thick leveling course of
concrete.
 The clear cover for main reinforcement in the cap slab shall not be less than 60
mm.
 The pile should project 50 mm into the cap concrete.

May 21 Pile Foundation 26

 SCOPE
• CHENNAI METRO RAIL LIMITED ( C5-ECV-03)
• Project Duration : 36 Months
 M35 Grade 1200 mm dia Cast in Situ bored Pile
 Depth : 9 m to 16 m
 Total Nos of piles in this Project = 2400 Nos

May 21 Pile Foundation 27

Milestones

Sr. No Milestone Months from Commencement

1 Completion of first working pile 5

2 Completion of 50% working piles 11

3 Completion of 100% working piles 18

Example :So number of months = 18-4+1-2=13 Months

2 Month for mansoon
2400 piles in 13 months
No of Rig =2400/13/(output of rig in one month)
=2400/13/26
=7 Nos (13*0.2*7=18.2 Cr)

May 21 Pile Foundation 28

Price Schedule for Various Projects

 CMRL : For piles, the rate quoted shall be for per meter of pile.

 Highway Work : Payment on completion of minimum 2 (two) foundation

upto pile cap in case of pile foundation.

May 21 Pile Foundation 29

Factors affecting Costing
 Approach road construction/Utility Diversion/Traffic diversion
 Barricading
 Road breaking
 Mobilisation of piling rig
 Shifting of piling rig
 Boring & Cost of Empty boring
 Disposal of earth
 Liner cost
 Polymer slurry
 Socketing
 Steel reinforcement
 Placing of steel reinforcement
 4 nos 50 mm GI pipe ( in case of sonic logging test)
 Concrete
 Grout to GI pipe
 Removal of temporary casing
 Pile Chipping
 Tests
 Site Clearance

May 21 Pile Foundation 30

 Specialized Subcontractors

Sr.NO Name of Subcontractor Contact Person Mobile no Mail id

1 Infracon resources Mr. Narayan Rao 8328869201 contact@infracon.org.in

2 VRD Group Mr. V.R. Shankar 9962040200 vrdrigs@gmail.com

3 ASB Infra Mr. Bharat Waghmar 9444917510 bharat@asbinfras.com

0965 040 0241, 0971 195 6425,

4 Spargeo Mr. S K Goel info@spargrp.com
09650400277

Mr. Rajesh Kumar / bcccpl@gmail.com/

9811464379/ 09654959764,
5 B C Contractor & Cranes Pvt Ltd. Gautam Dutta / Vikas gdbrp@rediffmail.com,
9873171340
Kumar 2311vikas@gmail.com

6 Strong Plant SN Gupta 7358672405

Scope Matrix in detail

Rate as per piling rig provided

May 21 Pile Foundation 31

 Tentative Quantity
Quantity
Description
Land Inter-Tidal Marine

1.8m dia pile length in meters - 5178.81 20978.53

2m dia pile length in meters 2332.89 1704.23 11236.66

Pile Cap Concrete in cum 7361 26501 116017

Pier Concrete in cum 4672 8505 47251

Pier Cap Concrete in cum 2493 15870 43103

May 21 Superstructure 32
May 21 Superstructure 33
May 21 Superstructure 34
May 21 Superstructure 35
May 21 Superstructure 36
May 21 Superstructure 37
 Pile Construction
Land Piling Inter tidal Piling Marine Piling

May 21 Superstructure 38
May 21 Superstructure 39
May 21 Superstructure 40
May 21 Superstructure 41
May 21 Superstructure 42
May 21 Superstructure 43
 TCS-1 Main Viaduct

May 21 Superstructure 44
 TCS-2-Connector

May 21 Superstructure 45
 TCS-3 Connector

May 21 Superstructure 46
 Toll Plaza- Type 1

May 21 Superstructure 47
 Cable Stay Bridge

No. of Cable Stay Bridge Chainage Span in meters

1 8571.6 to 8871.6 300

May 21 Superstructure 52
 Cable Stay Bridge
Pylon Foundation Details
Plan Section

May 21 Superstructure 53
 Pylon Section from Pile cap to Finished road level

May 21 Superstructure 54
Pylon Section from Finished road level Complete View

May 21 Superstructure 55
 Balance Cantilever Bridge
Main Viaduct Line Diagram

During Construction Completion View

No. of Cantilever Bridge Chainage Span in m Total No. of Bridge Builder required
1 2317.6 to 2567.6 250
2 5052.6 to 5302.6 250 8
3 6440.6 to 6690.6 250

May 21 Superstructure 56
Tentative Construction Schedule
Sr. No. Description Start Finish Total
1 Pile -Land 10 18 9
2 Pile -ITL 9 42 34
3 Pile -Marine 8 43 36

4 Pilecap -Land 12 24 13
5 Pilecap -ITL 17 49 33
6 Pilecap -Marine 9 44 36

7 pier and pier cap -Land 15 27 13

8 pier and pier cap -ITL 20 50 31
9 pier and pier cap -Marine 10 45 36

10 PSC 11 51 41
11 Pylon 17 44 28
12 Bal cantilever 17 53 37

May 21 Superstructure 57
Conditions of Contract
Clause Description

That date which is later of the date on which the Contractor has delivered the Performance Security and the date on
Appointed Date
which the Authority has provided the working front not less than 90% (Ninety per cent) of the total length of Project

Maintenance Period 2 years

Bid Security 55.16 Cr.

Performance Security
5% of CP within 10 days of signing of agreement, valid until 60 days after expiry of DLP.
(PS)

Mobilisation Advance 10% of CP in 2 equal instalments @12% PA, against BG of 110% of advance.

Equipment Advance 5% of CP @12 % PA, for newly purchased equipment against BG of 110% of advance.

Recovery of Advances From 20% of Contract price paid to 80% of Contract price @ 15% from each IPC

Payment After all deductions, 90% within 20 days and complete payment mentioned in IPC within 30 days

5% of CP @ 6% from each IPC & released within 15 days of the date of issue of the Completion Certificate.
Retention (Upon furnishing the BG, the Authority shall refund the retention money in tranches not less than the 1% of the
contract price)

0.05% of the Contract Price for delay of each day reckoned from the date specified in Schedule –J and until such
Delay Damages
Project Milestone is achieved or the Works are completed;

May 21 Superstructure 58
 Schedule - H
Weightage in
Sr. No. percentage to the Description Items Payment Procedure
Contract Price
Unit of measurement is linear length. Payment of each stage shall be
Road Work (Rigid Earthwork, Sub-
1 0.05% made on pro rata basis on completion of a stage in full length or 5km
Pavement) Base, DLC, PQC
whichever is less
2 Major Bridge > 60m
Payment shall be made on pro rata basis on completion of each
41.49% Main Vaiduct Foundation
foundation with respect to total number of foundation
Payment shall be made on pro rata basis on completion of each
5.22% Bandra Connector Sub-Sturcture
Pier/Abutment with respect to total number of Pier/Abutment

Payment shall be made on pro rata basis on completion of below

stages
14.24% Otters Connector Super-Structure a. On pre casting segment for each span: 50%
b. On erection of segments for each span: 40%
c. Bearing: 10%

Payment shall be made on completion of wearing coat including

13.64% Juhu Koliwada Connector Wearing Coat
expansion joint in all respect

Payment shall be made on completion of all miscellaneous work like

15.73% Versova Connector Miscellaneous
hand rail, crash barriers, road markings etc. in all respect

Payment shall be made on completion of both approaches including

Approaches
stone pitching, protection works etc completion in all respect.

May 21 Superstructure 59
 Schedule - H
Weightage in
percentage to
Sr. No. Description Items Payment Procedure
the Contract
Price

Payment shall be made on Pro rata basis on the quantity

of work executed monthly with respect to total quantity
Supply of stay cable & accessories- 12.5%
Super-
3 3.35% Cable Stayed Bridge Precasting / Fabrication of superstructure element- 35%
Structure
Erection of seg- 30%
Erection of stay cable- 17.5%
Test on completion- 5%

Payment shall be made on Pro rata basis on the quantity

of work executed monthly with respect to total quantity
Balance Cantilever Super-
4 3.94% Casting /Erection of pier head- 30%
Bridge Structure
Casting /Erection of span segment- 60%
Casting of closure segment- 10%

5 2.34% Other Works Payment shall be made on completion of item

May 21 Superstructure 60
 Schedule - J
Sr. Milestones Days Contract Condition
No.
1 Milestone 1 365th day 10% of contract price @ 20% of time period

2 Milestone 2 730th day 20% of contract price @ 40% of time period

3 Milestone 3 1095th day 50% of contract price @ 60% of time period

4 Milestone 4 1460 day 70% of contract price @ 80% of time period

5 Milestone 5 1825th day 100% of contract price @ 100% of time period

May 21 Superstructure 61
 Sr. Description
Major Materials
Unit Approximate Quantity
No
.
1 Cement MT 317000
2 Fly ash MT 106000
3 Reinforcement – TMT MT 181512
Fe550
4 Aggregates for MT 1242000
Concrete
5 Crushed Sand MT 698770
6 HTS MT 20481
7 Mild steel Liner MT 19461
8 Stay Cable MT 455

May 21 Superstructure 62
Sr. No.
Major Equipment
Description No.s
1 Batching Plant - 60cum/hr 1
2 Batching Plant - 30cum/hr 6
3 Transit Mixer 6 cum 14
4 Transit Mixer skid mounted 6 cum 15
5 Crawler Crane 20T 13
6 Crawler Crane 150T 13
7 Truck Mounted Concrete Pump 6
8 Pile Top Rig 11
9 Tugs 8
10 Self propelled barges 15
11 Gantry Crane 120T 9
12 Gantry Crane 10T 5

May 21 Superstructure 63
Risk Assessment
Likelihood Impact
Specific Project Mitigation High3 High3 Rs. Cr. Amount In
Sr.no. Risk Description
Risk measure Medium2 Medium2 Value lakh
Low1 Low1
6 month
Time over run / Slippage in execution/
1 extended 3 3 31299 2347
Construction schedule
period
10
2 Employment of local people References employeesfor 3 3 360 360
36 months
5% of cost
3 Stone quarry Shortage and bans burden every 3 3 1393 1393
year
Traffic
Transportation of equipment and arrangement
4 Traffic fees 3 3 60 60
construction materials to site Rs 1 Lskh per
month
Items which are required but not 0.25% of
5 3 3 964 964
covered in absence of scope clarity direct cost
Rs 130 per rm /day
6 Handing over delays is neglegible 3 3 128549 643
provision
7 Client obligations 3 3 500 500
Rate difference
8 Utilties fouling with the alignment with owing 0.25% 3 3 385647 386
/executingagency
Difference in inputs
9 Hydraulical studies -deviation 3 3 154259 386
provided by client

Difference in inputs
10 eotechnical studies -deviation 3 3 154259 386
provided by client

11 Subsequent legislation 3 3 500 500

12 Statutory variations 3 3 500 500

Delays in
13 Resources mobilization on time identification and Extra cost 3 3 385647 386
deployment
TOTAL 1243936 8810

May 21 Superstructure 64
 Site Visit
Photos

May 21 Superstructure 65
 Site Visit
Photos

May 21 Superstructure 66