Department of Electrical Engineering

Faculty of Engineering & Applied Sciences

Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Program: B.Sc. Electrical Engineering Semester: VI

Subject EE-473 Power Electronics Date: …………….

Experiment 7: Single Phase full wave Controlled Rectifier (Hardware PT970721 trainer +
Multisim Simulation)

OBJECTIVES:

(i) To describe the working principles of a full-wave rectifier using a thyristor.

Name: Muhammad Ehsan Ullah Sap id: 3050

Performance Lab Report

Description Total Marks Description Total Marks
Marks Obtained Marks Obtained
Methodology 5 Organization/Structure 5

Implementation 5 Data Presentation 5

and completion
Total Marks obtained

Remarks (if any): ………………………………….

Name & Signature of faculty: …………………………………

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Objectives:
 To describe the working principles of a full-wave rectifier using a thyristor.
 To explain the concept of full wave control rectifier circuit using a thyristor.

Introduction:
Full wave control Rectifier:
Rectification converts an oscillating sinusoidal AC voltage source into a constant current DC
voltage supply by means of diodes, thyristors, transistors, or converters. This rectifying process
can take on many forms with half-wave, full-wave, uncontrolled and fully-controlled rectifiers
transforming a single-phase or three-phase supply into a constant DC level. In this tutorial we
will look at single-phase rectification and all its forms.
Rectifiers are one of the basic building blocks of AC power conversion with half-wave or full-
wave rectification generally performed by semiconductor diodes. Diodes allow alternating
currents to flow through them in the forward direction while blocking current flow in the reverse
direction creating a fixed DC voltage level making them ideal for rectification.
However, direct current which has been rectified by diodes is not as pure as that obtained from
say, a battery source, but has voltage changes in the form of ripples superimposed on it as a
result of the alternating supply.
But for single phase rectification to take place, we need an AC sinusoidal waveform of a fixed
voltage and frequency as shown.

In the half-controlled rectifier configuration, the average DC load voltage is controlled using two
thyristors and two diodes. As we learnt in our tutorial about Thyristors, a thyristor will only
conduct (“ON” state) when its Anode, (A) is more positive than its Cathode, (K) and a firing
pulse is applied to its Gate, (G) terminal. Otherwise it remains inactive.
We also learnt that once “ON”, a thyristor is only turned “OFF” again when its gate signal is
removed and the anode current has fallen below the thyristors holding current, IH as the AC
supply voltage reverse biases it. So by delaying the firing pulse applied to the thyristors gate
terminal for a controlled period of time, or angle (α), after the AC supply voltage has passed the
zero-voltage crossing of the anode-to-cathode voltage, we can control when the thyristor starts to
conduct current and hence control the average output voltage.

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Circuit diagram:

Procedure:
 Prepare all panels needed in this experiment and setup circuit as shown in diagram below.
 Use channel 1 of the oscilloscope to observe the load voltage UL.
 Switch on power supply and observe the load voltage UL for certain trigring angel 450 and
900 as indicated below. Sketch the graphs of output voltage.
 With the help of variable resistor we can control firing angel i.e. we can change the width of
ON duration. Input output waveforms comparison is shown at some position of variable
resistor.

Table:
Sr. No. 𝜶𝜶 Vdc1 FF
1 Minimum 1.5V 5.62
2 45’ 1.65V 5.1
3 90’ 2.56V 3.3
4 Maximum 0.054V 156.00

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Lab Task:
Minimum Waveform

Firing angle at 45’

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Firing angle at 90’

Maximum Waveform

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Results and Discussions:
During the positive half cycle of the input waveform, current flows along the path of: SCR1 and
D2, and back to the supply. During the negative half cycle of VIN, conduction is
through SCR2 and D1 and back to the supply.
It is clear then that one thyristor from the top group (SCR1 or SCR2) and its corresponding diode
from the bottom group (D2 or D1) must conduct together for for any load current to flow.

Conclusion:
In this lab the working principles of a full-wave rectifier using a thyristor was first described.
Then explain the concept of full wave control rectifier circuit using a thyristor.

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