EDTA METHOD:

Various steps involved:

1. Preparation of standard hard water
2. standardization of EDTA
3.titration of sample hardwater
4. titration of boiled hardwater
Calculation:
Let v1 ml of EDTA solution = 50ml standard hard water [SHW]
Let v2 ml of EDTA solution= 50ml of sample hard water
Let v3 ml of EDTA solution= 50ml of boiled hard water
Step- 1 : Determination of strength of EDTA
1ml of SHW= 1mg of CaCO3
50ml of SHW = 50mg of CaCO3_____(i)
Also, 50ml of SHW = v1 ml of EDTA solution_______(ii)
From (i)&(ii)
v1 ml of EDTA solution=50 mg of CaCO3
1ml of EDTA solution=50/v1 mg of CaCO3
Step2: Determination of total hardness
50ml sample hard water= v2 ml of EDTA solution______(iii)
1ml of EDTA solution=50/v1 mg of CaCO3 equivalent
v2 ml of EDTA solution=(50×v2)/v1 mg of CaCO3 equivalent______(iv)
from(iii)&(iv)
50ml sample hard water==(50×v2)/v1 mg of CaCO3 equivalent
1000ml of sample hard water = (50×v2×100)/v1×50
Total hardness= (v2×1000)/v1 mg/l
Step3: Determination of permanent hardness:
50ml of boiled hard water= v3 ml of EDTA solution____(v)
But 1ml of EDTA solution=50/v1 mg of CaCO3 equivalent
V3 ml of EDTA solution=(50×v3)/v1 mg of CaCO3 equivalent_____(vi)
From(v)&(vi)
50ml of boiled hard water=(50×v3)/v1 mg of CaCO3 equivalent
1000ml of boiled hard water =(50×v3×1000)/v1×50 mg of CaCO3 equivalent
= (1000×v3)/v1
Step4: Determination of temporary hardness
Temporary hardness= total hardness – permanent hardness
= (v2×1000)/v1-(v2×1000)/v1
= 1000(v2-v3)/v1