PROPOSED DESIGN OF 265-MW SOLAR DIESEL HYBRID SYSTEM POWER

PLANT LOCATED IN BULACAN, MABINI, BATANGAS

A Capstone Design Proposal

Presented to the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Department
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Batangas State University
Gov. Pablo Borbon Main Campus II
Alangilan, Batangas City

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree in
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering

by:

FALCUNITIN, JOEY H.
MAALIHAN, DARREN IAN B.
NAGUTOM, MC KING STEPHEN F.

March 2020
Design Background

Power from diesel gensets have provided hundreds of gigawatts to industrial

companies and states all over the world. Yet the rising costs of fuel and the additional
transport and storage charge may put their main electricity source in jeopardy. Also, the
power grid in many regions of the world can be unreliable or unavailable. This is why
Industrial companies and states are turning to alternative energy sources.

In recent years, Photovoltaic (PV) system and batteries storage cost have
steeply dropped making it an affordable energy source for companies in remote areas.
Using only a PV system and solely relying on the solar irradiation is not a safe bet for an
industrial consumer as PV production can be inconsistent. This is why Industrials are
resorting to PV Diesel hybrid system.

Solar hybrid systems are power systems that combine solar power from a
photovoltaic system with another energy source. One of the most common hybrid
systems being PV diesel hybrid system, coupling PV and diesel generators, also known
as diesel gensets. The diesel generators are used to steadily fill in the gap between the
load and the power generated by the PV system. Battery storages can be used to
enhance the overall system performance to ensure that the amount of energy meets the
demand. An energy management system can also be included to optimize the system
as the diesel gensets capacity is limited and the solar energy production is inconsistent.

In solar diesel hybrid system power plant, the PV system complements the diesel
gensets. It can supply additional energy when loads are high or relieve the genset to
minimize its fuel consumption. In the future, excess energy could optionally be stored in
batteries, making it possible for the hybrid system to use more solar power even at
night. Intelligent management of various system components ensures optimal fuel
economy and minimizes CO2 emissions.

The proposed solar diesel hybrid system power plant will be located at the
province of Batangas, specifically at Bulacan, Mabini, Batangas in consideration with
the easy accessibility in terms of resources delivery. Fuels can be delivered through
ports. Also, its distance to residential areas is taken into account as it is expected to
emit hot exhaust gases that can be hazardous to humans living nearby. Its wide land
area is also suitable for the installment of the photovoltaic system.

Figure 1.0 Bulacan, Mabini, Batangas

Source: Google Maps

Design Option No. 1

 This design is the combination of photovoltaic system and diesel generator. The
energy sources from photovoltaic arrays and diesel generator has to be optimum
supplying the daily load energy. There is also a heat recovery unit to capture thermal
energy from the exhaust of the diesel engine then recovered into useful thermal energy.

Operating Conditions

100 kPa Ambient Pressure

25 OC suction air temperature

30% relative humidity

Gas LHV >28 MJ/Nm3

Gas methane number >80

Gas pressure > 5.1 bar(g) at plant inlet

Mass and Energy Balance

 Q̇ conv + Q̇ rad
Exhaust : (m ¿ ¿ a ¿ +˙ ṁf ) he ¿ ¿

Brake Power : W˙ B

Coolant ∈: Q̇ Coolant ∈¿ ¿ Coolant Out : Q̇ Coolant out

∑ Q¿ =∑ Q out
ṁa ha + ṁf h f + Q̇Coolant ∈¿=(m¿ ¿ a¿ +ṁ )h +Ẇ ˙
+ Q̇ + Q̇conv + Q̇rad ¿ ¿¿
f e B Coolant out

HEAT RECOVERY
BOILER SYSTEM

(ma +mf )C p ( t 1−t 2) =ms (h s−hf )

JACKET CIRCULATING PUMP

COOLING TOWER

FROM DIESEL ENGINE

EXCHANGER
HEAT

FLOW WATER
TO OIL COOLER PUMP

Qwj =Qw

m wj C pwj ∆ T wj =m w C pw ∆ T w

Design Option No. 2

 This design is the combination of photovoltaic system and diesel generator. The
energy sources from photovoltaic arrays and diesel generator has to be optimum
supplying the daily load energy.

Operating Conditions

100 kPa Ambient Pressure

25 OC suction air temperature

30% relative humidity

Gas LHV >28 MJ/Nm3

Gas methane number >80

Gas pressure > 5.1 bar(g) at plant inlet

Mass and Energy Balance

 Q̇ conv + Q̇ rad
Exhaust : (m ¿ ¿ a ¿ +˙ ṁf ) he ¿ ¿

Brake Power : W˙ B

Coolant ∈: Q̇ Coolant ∈¿ ¿ Coolant Out : Q̇ Coolant out

∑ Q¿ =∑ Q out
ṁa ha + ṁf h f + Q̇Coolant ∈¿=(m¿ ¿ a¿ +ṁ )h +Ẇ ˙
+ Q̇ + Q̇conv + Q̇rad ¿ ¿¿
f e B Coolant out

JACKET CIRCULATING PUMP

COOLING TOWER
FROM DIESEL ENGINE
EXCHANGER
HEAT

FLOW WATER
TO OIL COOLER PUMP

Q wj =Q w

mwj C pwj ∆ T wj =mw C pw ∆ T w

Batangas II Electric Cooperative

First Laguna Electric Cooperative
Angeles Electric Cooperative