MAJOR PRELIM PROJECT

NAME: _Alessandra Ysabelle C. Conzon___________________________________________________________

A DOCUMENT ANALYSIS OF PROCLAMATION OF THE PHILIPPINE

INDEPENDENCE
Attached is a 21-page copy of the Proclamation of the Philippine Independence, with a link to the University of
Michigan’s Collection on secondary sources for its clear Spanish copy and English Translation.

EXTERNAL CRITICISM:

Describe completely and concisely the document whether it is typed or handwritten, the stamp and other marks, the
signature and all others physical that you can find from the document.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

The document that I have read and examined was the Spanish version of the Declaration of the Philippine

Independence, in which I have seen that the document was completely handwritten. The strokes were obvious reasons

for me to conclude that it in fact was a handwritten document. The marks of the previous page can be seen unto the

next page, probably because the paper that was used was thin. There were traces of several faded words on the

document.

The signatures had different kinds of strokes and did not look the same. Probably because it was signed by different

people who had different techniques in writing. It is an original because each of the signatories have individually signed

the document, in which I credit Mr. Mark Hall-Patton’s expertise and knowledge. This was a highlight of his comments

on the Mexican Promissory Note.

There were several stamps present on the document, Stamps that proved that it was retrieved by the National Library.

It is not clear, but I think the date was February 11, 1984. The document is obviously old because the paper was not

smooth, lines were visible due to the way it was folded and there were dark spots present.

Who are the signatories of the document? Mention two of

the signatories and write up to five words of their
background in Philippine History. What are their roles in
the Philippine Revolution or of the 1 st Republic? Don Jose del Rosario- a person with a lawyer’s diploma.

Considered as someone fit for vice-president during the

first election.

Colonel L.M. Johnson- a foreigner who’s from USA.

He had no role even if he’s a retired colonel.

 Who is the intended reader of the said document? The people that were involved, Spaniards and Filipinos.

When was this document made? June 12, 1898

INTERNAL CRITICISM: Be responsive to the question and answer concisely. Answers should not be in more than 10
words.

Reasons and justifications why the people and country demanded independence.
What does the document is
talking about? (in not more
than 10 words)

What are the main sentiments

of the signatories of the Everybody felt the need to be free from unjust slavery.
proclamation that they
expressed in the document?

Mention just one event found

in the document showing that
the signatories to this The struggle for independence is clearly shown in this proclamation.
proclamation historicized their
formal struggle.
Mention in not more than five
words if you find some
historical error stated in the Already free and independent then.
document. Are there any?
Why do you think the
proclamation did not mention
the Katipunan? Write at most Because that was started by Bonifacio and rivalry took place.
in 10 words.

Write one sentence

summarizing the content of No doubt about its authenticity, it has determined the author.
this document.

What was happening at the A war against the Spaniards and a war amongst themselves.
time in history this document
was created?

What did you find out from

this document that you might
not learn anywhere else? That we expected that the Americans had our back.
 I found 2 movies that helped me understand this document.
What other primary or
secondary source you found Namely, El Presidente (2012) and Bonifacio: Ang Unang Pangulo (2014).
online and which you used to
help you understand this
document?