FIELD WORK REPORT ON

NOISE POLLUTION OF ULTADANGA(KOLKATA)

ACHARYA JAGADISHCHANDRA BOSE COLLEGE
NAME OF THE STUDENT : ARTI GHASI
COURSE : B.COM (HONS)
YEAR : 3RD YEAR
SEMESTER : VITH SEMESTER
COLLEGE ROLL NO : 213
C.U.REGISTRATION NO : 011-1211-0146-17
C.U.ROLL NO : 171011-11-0009

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 INDEX
SLNO TOPICS PAGE NO

1 NOISE POLUTION INTRODUCTION 5-7

2 NOISE POLLUTION OF AN
AREA(ULTADANGA)
i. Introduction of Area 8
ii. Source of noise pollution 9-10
iii. Effects of noise pollution on 11-13
different people
iv. Statutory control of noise pollution 14-16

3 RESULT AND DISSCUSSION

i. Analysis 17
ii. Observation 17
iii. Recommendation 18-19
iv. Conclusion 20-21
4 BIBLIOGRAPHY 22

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to thank our principal, Dr. Purna Chandra Maity,
for giving me the golden opportunity to pursue graduation in this college.
I would also like to thank the prestigious Calcutta University for giving us
such a knowledge deriving project topic. Secondly, I am grateful to our
Environmental Studies teacher, Prof. Supratim Dey, for guiding us in
every possible way throughout our project. Last but not the least,I am
blessed to have such a wonderful family and friends who have supported
me.

ARTI GHASHI

B.COM (HONS) VITH SEMESTER

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 Supervisor's Certificate

This is to certify that ARTI GHASI a student of B.com.(Honours) in Accounting &

Finance of AJC Bose College under the University of Calcutta has worked under my
supervision and guidance for his Project Work and prepared a Project Report with
the title "NOISEPOLLUTION ON AREA )" Which she is submitting, is his genuine
and original work to the best of my knowledge.

Place: Kolkata Signature:

Date:

NAME: SUPRATIK MITRA

NAME OF THE COLLEGE: A.J.C BOSE COLLEGE

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 NOISE POLLUTION
NOISE POLLUTION (OR ENVIROMENTAL NOISE) is displeasing
human-, animal- or machine-created sound that disrupts the activity or
balance of human or animal life. The word Noise comes from the Latin
word nausea meaning seasickness .The source of most outdoor noise
worldwide is transportation systems, including motor vehicle noise,
aircraft noise and rail noise. Poor urban planning may give rise to noise
pollution, since side-by-side industrial and residential buildings can result
in noise pollution in the residential area When unwanted sound created
by human beings hits our ears and disturbs the environment, noise
pollution is created. Chiefly noise pollution comes from barking dogs,
loud music, vehicles, aircraft and rail transport, air-conditioners,
factories, amplified music and construction work.
"Other sources of indoor and outdoor noise pollution are car alarms,
emergency services Sirens, office equipment, factory machinery,
construction work, grounds keeping equipment, barking dogs,
appliances, power tools, lighting hum, audio entertainment systems,
loudspeakers, and noisy people.

Introduction: Modern technology has created many environmental

of which noise is an immediate and identifiable example. Noise is
defined as "Unwanted Sound" which means that, human being the
recipient of sound, are the ultimate judges of what noisy sound is and
what is not. Decibel is the standard unit for measurement of sound.

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Usually 80 db is the level at which sound becomes physically painful.
And can be termed as noise. Sound is the form of energy which gives
the sensation of hearing and is produced by longitudinal mechanical
waves in matter including solid, liquid and gases and transmitted by
oscillations of atoms and molecules of matter. Sound is produced when
an object vibrates, alternatively compressing and expanding the air. The
compression and expansion travels like wave from the source. They are
called waves or simply vibrations.

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WHY NOISE POLLUTION IS A SILENT KILLER?
We can’t kill what we can’t see, but what we can’t see could surely kill
us. Noise is one such assassin that kills, slowly and silently without
raising an alarm. How ironical! It is, after all, we who create the noise
that silently degenerates the mind and the body. It’s quite terrifying as
well, since we are endangering our lives and that of the animals on this
planet by turning a deaf ear, quite literally, to all the noise around us. If
we look around, we will realise that we are surrounded by noise,
generating from all the corners of our urban lives .Noise pollution is
referred as a ‘silent killer, affecting both physical and mental health’.
Thus noise pollution is recognized as a major environmental stressor.

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NOISE POLLUTION OF AN AREA:-
ULTADANGA (KOLKATA)
The study area of chosen is UltaDanga. It’s co – ordinates are
22.59225ON88.389528OE. It is situated in north east fringe of the city of
Kolkata. I choose this area because It is one of the most populated,
crowded and trafficked region of the city.

Different sources such as industrial, transport, household, agricultural,

urban etc. which causes noise pollution in this area are discussed
below:-

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SOURCES OF NOISE POLLUTION:

(i) Industrial Sources:-

Progress in technology (industrialization) has resulted in creating noise pollution.

The household is an industry in itself and is a source of many indoor noises such as
the banging of doors, noise of playing children, crying Textile mills, printing presses,
engineering establishments and metal works etc. contribute heavily towards noise
pollution. In industrial cities like Kolkata, Ludhiana, Kanpur etc., often the industrial
zones are not separated from the residential zones of the city especially in the case
of small scale industries.

These operate from workshops located on the ground floors of the residential areas
and cause annoyance, discomfort and irritation to the residents exposed to the noise
that is inevitably produced. The situation is much better in modern planned cities like
Chandigarh where the industrial area is kept away from the residential areas and
both are separated from each other by a sufficiently wide green belt.

(ii) Transport Vehicles:-

Automobile revolution in urban centres has proved to be a big source of noise
pollution. Increasing traffic has given rise to traffic jams in congested areas where
the repeated hooting of horns by impatient drivers pierce the ears of all road users.

Noise from airplanes constitutes an increasing serious problem in big cities like
Kolkata, Delhi & Mumbai. Airport situated in the vicinity of population centres and the
air planes pass over residential areas. Heavy trucks, buses trains, jet-planes, motor-
cycles, scooters, mopeds, jeeps—the list of vehicles is endless but the outcome is
same — noise pollution.

(iii) Household:-
of infants, moving of furniture, loud conversation of the inhabitants etc. Besides
these are the entertainment equipment in the house, namely the radio, record-
players and television sets. Domestic gadgets like the mixer-grinders, pressure
cookers, desert coolers, air- conditioners, exhaust fans, vacuum cleaners, sewing
and washing machines are all indoor sources of noise pollution.

(iv)Public Address System:-

In India people need only the slightest of an excuse for using loud speakers. The
reason may be a religious function, birth, death, marriage, elections, demonstration,
or just commercial advertising. Public system, therefore, contributes in its own way
towards noise pollution.

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(v)Defence Equipment:-
A lot of noise pollution is added to the atmosphere by artillery, tanks, launching of
rockets, explosions, exercising of military airplanes and shooting practices. Screams
of jet engines and sonic booms have a deafening impact on the ears and in extreme
cases have been known to shatter the window panes and old dilapidated buildings.

(vii) Miscellaneous Sources:-
The automobile repair shops, construction-works, blasting, bulldozing, stone
crushing etc. are other sources of noise pollution.

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EFECTS OF NOISE ON DIFFERENT PEOPLE:
Noise is generally harmful and a serious health hazard. It has far-
reaching consequences and has many physical, physiological as well as
psychological effects on human beings.

(i) Physical Effects:

The physical manifestation of noise pollution is the effect on hearing
ability. Repeated exposure to noise may result in temporary or
permanent shifting of the hearing threshold of a person depending upon
the level and duration of exposure. The immediate and acute effect of
noise pollution is impairment of hearing (i.e. total deafness.)

(ii) Physiological Effects:

The physiological manifestations of noise pollution are several as

mentioned below:
(a) Headache by dilating blood vessels of the brain.

(b) Increase in the rate of heart-beat.

(C) Narrowing of arteries.

(d) Fluctuations in the arterial blood pressure by increasing the level of

cholesterol in the blood.

(e) Decrease in heart output.

(f) Pain in the heart.

(g) Digestive spasms through anxiety and dilation of the pupil of the eye,
thereby causing eye-strain.

H) Impairment of night vision.

(i) Decrease in the rate of colour perception.

(j) Lowering of concentration and affect on memory,

(k) Muscular strain and nervous breakdown.

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Effect observed in different decibel:
NOISE(db) EEFECT OBSERVED

0 Threshold 0f audibility

110 Stimulation of reception on skin

120 Pain threshold

130 - 135 Nausea ,Vomiting etc.

140 Pain in ear , prolonged exposure

causing insanity

150 Change in pulse rate

160 Minor permanent damage if

prolonged

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Statutory control of noise pollution:

In West Bengal noise pollution is monitored by West Bengal

pollution control board.

Following legislation is followed by board:

1. Environment act
2. Public complaint
3. Norms emerging from court cases

Some of which is discussed below:

1) Constitution of India Appropriate to Life:-Article 21 of the

Constitution ensures life and individual freedom to all people. It is very
much settled by rehashed declarations of the Supreme Court that
privilege to life revered in Article 21 isn't of unimportant survival or
presence It ensures a privilege of people to existence with human
nobility Any one who wishes to live in peace, solace and calm inside his
home has a privilege to keep the commotion as poison contacting him.
Ideal to Information: Everyone has the privilege to data think about the
standards and condition which Govt, allow to business which influence
nature.
2) Criminal Procedure Code and Noise control :-Provisions
under the Sec. 133 of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 the Magistrate
has the ability to make contingent request requiring the individual
causing irritation including that of commotion evacuate such aggravation.

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3) Factories Act Reduction of Noise and Oil of Machinery:
The Factories Act does not contain a particular arrangement for
commotion control. Be that as it may, under
the http://cpcb.nic.in/pollutioncontrollaw.pdfthird Schedule Sections89
and 90 of the Act, noise incited hearing misfortune, is specified as
notifiable illness. Likewise, under the Model Rules, limits for noise
introduction for work zone territory have been recommended.

4) Motor Vehicle Act: Arrangement Relation to utilisation of horn

and change of Engine: -In Motor vehicle Act rules in regards to utilise
horns and any alteration in motor are made.

Suggestion by different age group to control noise:

Suggestion AGE
UPTO 2O 20-40 40-60 ABOVE TOTAL
60
Education 7(21) 18(37) 14(33) 11(46) 50(33)
Government 8(23) 11(22) 12(28) 2(08) 33(22)
Efforts
Involving 8(23) 6(12) 8(19) 4(17) 26(17)
NGO’S
Empowering 3(09) 10(20) 7(16) 3(12) 23(15)
civil authorities
Total 34 49 43 24 150
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100)

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Figures in parentheses are percentage to the total of the respective
columns.
5) I.P.C Public Nuisance 268-295: chapter IV of Indian Penal
Code deals with offences relating to public health ,safety ,decency
,morals under section 268 ,269 ,270 ,280 , 287 ,288 ,290 ,291 ,
294.Noise pollution can be penalized with the help of above section .
Private remedies suits in the area may relate to public nuisance.

6) Law of Torts Noise Pollution is considered as civil

wrong: under law of Torts, a civil suit can be filed claiming damages for
the nuisance. For filing a suit under law of Torts a plaintiff is required to
comply with some of the requirement of tort nuisance which are as
follows :-
1. There should be reasonable interference.
2. Interference should be with the use & enjoyment of land
3. In an action for nuisance actual damage is required to be proved.
As a general rule either the presence or absence of malice dose
not matter but in some cases deviation from the rule has been
made.

Permissible sound levels of Kolkata city areas:

ZONES DAY NIGHT

INDUSTRIAL 75dB 65dB

COMMERCIAL 65dB 55dB

RESIDENTIAL 55dB 45dB

SENSITIVE ZONE 50dB 40dB

( up to 100 m. around
hospitals ,educational
institute )

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 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
ANALYSIS:-
1. Noise pollution levels are higher than permissible level during the
peak hours from 8:00 am to 10:00 am and 7:00 pm to 10:00 pm in
this area.
2. The noise pollution exceeds the permissible level in the area by
1.5 times.
3. The area report more volume of vehicles than it’s capacity.
4. The area is turning in highest contributor of noise pollution in
Kolkata.

OBSERVATIONS:-
While collecting the readings, some observations are made. They are
as follow:

1. The trees which act as a buffer zone for noise pollution were less
in number.
2. Transportation and traffic contribute highest in noise pollution in
the area.
3. Structures along the tracks were road facing thus inviting more
noise indoor.

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RECOMMENDATION:- Ban industrial and noisy trade or
works in residential areas. Award of compensation to affected individual
or people. Flying of air crafts, below a definite altitude, near the cities
should not be allowed except under emergency conditions. Fireworks
especially those of exploding nature should be discouraged.
Environment courts should be established for control of noise pollution.
Local authorities must not encourage noise pollution relating to social
events and should take necessary steps to maintain the noise output in
limit.

After the study following can be recommended:

1. The numbers of trees all along the roads and in the campuses of
the building must be increased.
2. The material used for construction may include some sound proof
ingredients.
3. A Decibel Meter can be installed at major junction. This will help
timely monitoring of noise level and will help to reduce the same.
4. Construction of soundproof rooms for noisy machines in industrial
and manufacturing installation must be encouraged. This is also
important for residential building – noisy machines should be
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 installed far from sleeping and living rooms, like in basement or
garage.
5. Use of horns with jarring sound , motorbikes, and damaged
exhaust pipes, noisy trucks to be banned.
6. Noise producing industries, airports, bus and transport terminals
and railway stations to sighted far from where living places.
7. Community law enforcers should check the misuse of
loudspeakers, worshipers, outdoor parties and discos, as well as
public announcements systems.
8. Community laws must silences zones near schools /colleges,
hospitals etc.
9. Vegetation (trees) along roads and in residential areas is a good
way to reduce noise pollution as the absorb sound.

CONCLUSION:-
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As a society, our history is filled with failures to recognize the agents that
cause disease; once the causes have been recognized, we have
responded reluctantly, slowly, and often inadequately.

Noise represent an important public health problem that can lead to

hearing loss, sleep disruption, cardiovascular disease, social handicaps,
reduced productivity, impaired teaching and learning ,absenteeism,
increased drug use and accidents. It can impair the ability to enjoy ones’
property and leisure time and increases the frequency of antisocial
behaviour. Noise adversely affects general health and well being in the
same way as does chronic stress .It adversely affect future generations
by degrading residential , social, and learning environments with
corresponding economic issues. Local control of noise has not been
successful in most places.

This research paper explores the sources, effects reactions and

suggestions for controlling the excessive noise. Automobiles and public
address system (loudspeakers) turn out to be major sources of noise
pollution. It appears that loudspeakers are frequently used for religious
functions (and temple prayers). Disturbance by loudspeakers and
automobiles is felt by age groups of 20-40 years somewhat lesser than
other groups. Across various age groups, there is almost an equal
proportions of respondent reporting neighbourhood, music and religions
functions as sources of noise. There are no variations among male and
female population. Proportion of female population vis-à-vis proportion of
male population is same for each of sources of noise .The survey
indicates that noise affects individuals in several ways. It results in
improper communication, sleeplessness and reduced efficiency. Though
the psycho-somatic effects (annoyance and depression) are also
common yet the extreme effects. e.g. Deafness and mental breakdowns
are not ruled out. In a majority of cases, the affected party tenders a
request to stop noise. A substantial proportion of respondents among
various age-groups complain to administration. Interestingly, about one-
third of young people (below 20 yrs) prefer to quarrel with the erring
party. Public education appears to be the best methods as suggested by
the respondents. However, government and NGOS can play a significant
role in the process.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Wikipedia –Noise pollution
2. https://www.scribd.com/doc/222582750/pollution
3. www.wbpcb.gov.in
4. http://en.m.wikipedia.org
5. http://www.kmcgov.in

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 More

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