重庆科技学院

毕业设计（论文）
题 目 Optimization design of crown block structure in
hoisting system of petroleum drilling rig

院 （系） School of Mechanical and Power Engineering

专业班级 Mechanical Design,Manufacturing
and Automation 2017-02
学生姓名 SAYED MD ABU 学号 2017490132
指导教师 职称 lecturer
评阅教师 职称 lecturer

2021 年 6 月 8 日
Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology

Statement of originality of students' graduation design (thesis)

I declare with my reputation: the graduation design (thesis) submitted is the design
(research) work and results obtained under the guidance of the supervisor. The
design (thesis) quotes his (her) literature, data, and drawings , The materials have
been clearly marked, the conclusions and results in the thesis are completed
independently by me, and do not include the achievements of others and the use of
their materials for obtaining degrees or certificates from Chongqing University of
Science and Technology or other educational institutions. Any contribution made
by the comrades who work with me to this design (research)
All have made clear explanations in the paper and expressed their gratitude.

Author (signature) of graduation project (thesis):

2021 Year 6 month day
Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Crown block is a fixed set of pulleys at the top of the derrick of a drill
rig over which the drilling line is threaded. The pulleys are assisted by
travelling blocks that together are capable of hoisting heavy loads with
the use of 3/4 inch to 1 1/2 inch diameter drilling line. Crown blocks
help lift heavy loads even in rough weather conditions offshore when
the drill vessel experiences heaving. Crown blocks are part of drill rigs
that are used for oil and gas drilling operations
The crown block has two parts. The lower portion moves up and down
in sync with the travelling block and is the main portion. The other
portion is the two outer sheaves that are attached to the top of the piston
rod which moves at exactly half the stroke of the crown block assembly
through the chain reeving. This provides necessary rope compensation
on dead and fast lines because insufficient rope compensation can lead
to increased wear and degradation resulting from load variation.
This paper is to understand technical requirements and technological
possibilities for crown block in petroleum drilling rig. These findings
should result in an innovative and improved crown block design design.
Therefore, the purpose of this project is to design a more convenient
and economical crown block that can better guide the design and
manufacture of drilling rig. This design uses lifting engineering
technology to collect the three-dimensional data of the entire drilling rig
and the parts of the lifting system.A3D modeling software from Autode
sk, to model and design the components of pulleye and the main comp
onents.This paper fully consider the influence of various external loads
and factors during the design, use the mechanical and mechanical desig
n principles to make reasonable design calculations and main part select
ion calculations for the main parts of the Crown Block.
Keywords:Crown Block;Pulley;3-D modeling; Static analysis

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Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology ABSTRACT

摘 要

天车是位于钻机井架顶部的一组固定滑轮，钻线穿过该滑轮。滑
轮由游车辅助，这些游车可以使用直径为 3/4 英寸到 1 1/2 英寸的
钻孔线提升重物。即使在海上恶劣天气条件下，当钻井船经历起
伏时，天车也有助于提升重物。天车是用于石油和天然气钻井作
业的钻机的一部分
天车有两部分。下部与游车同步上下移动，为主体部分。另一部
分是连接到活塞杆顶部的两个外滑轮，活塞杆通过链条绕线轮以
天车总成行程的一半移动。这为死绳和快速绳索提供了必要的绳
索补偿，因为绳索补偿不足会导致负载变化增加磨损和退化。
本文旨在了解石油钻机天车的技术要求和技术可能性。这些发现
应该会导致创新和改进的天车设计设计。因此，本项目的目的是
设计一种更方便、更经济的天车，能更好地指导钻机的设计和制
造。本设计采用起重工程技术，采集整台钻机及起重系统各部件
的三维数据。Autodesk 的 A3D 建模软件，对滑轮各部件及主要部
件进行建模设计。设计过程中受各种外载荷和因素的影响，运用
机械和机械设计原理，对天车主要部件进行合理的设计计算和主
要部件选择计算。
关键词：冠块；滑轮；3-D 建模；静态分析

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Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology

Table of Contents
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………I
摘 要 ……………………………………………………………………………
… II
1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………
1

1.1 Analysis of the current situation of domestic and foreign………………….

1.2 The main content of the subject research………………………………….

1.3 Subsections of this chapter…………………………………………………

2 Overall scheme design of Crown block ………………………………………..
2.1 Analysis of the overall design of the Crown block
2.2 Overall design scheme of Crown block
2.2.1
2.3
2.4
2.5
3 Theoretical calculation of mechanical structure………………………………………………..
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
4 Specific structural design of crown block device……………………………………………
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology

5 Draw the oil rig crown block assembly structure…………………………………………

5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6 3D Modeling and analysis of key components…………………………………………….
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
7 Conclusion and Outlook……………………………………..
7.1
7.2
References………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Thanks……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology Introduction

1.Introduction
Crown block is a pulley situated at the top of an oil rig or derrick. It sits on the crown
platform, which is a steel platform located along the upper portion of the rig. The crown block
works in conjunction with a similar component, the traveling block, which is positioned just
below the crown platform. Together, these two systems are known as the block and tackle. While
the block and tackle system appears relatively simple to outsiders, it actually represents a critical
component of the oil drilling process.
A crown block is a pulley that has a wire-rope drilling line running between it. While the crown
block is fixed, the traveling block moves up and down between the crown block and the rig floor.
A crown block is a pulley that has a wire-rope drilling line running between it. While the crown
block is fixed, the traveling block moves up and down between the crown block and the rig floor.
In modern society, the emergence of high-tech machinery and equipment has greatly promoted
the development and progress of society and production. As an important branch of petroleum
drilling rig,crown block have received great attention in modern times. At the same time crown
block are also an industrial device widely used in various fields and fields. The important
derivatives in, can reflect the industrial level of the country or enterprise to a certain extent, and
the scope of modern application is becoming wider and wider.

1.1 Analysis of the current situation of domestic and foreign

Crown block are highly popular in both home and abroad because these offer lift up and
down motion loads many times heavier than the cable could support as a single strand.
With the development of drilling technology at home and abroad, the drilling technology of
crown block has become more and more mature and has formed a special discipline and
independent technology. At present, there are two large-scale manufacturers in Japan and one in

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Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology Introduction

Germany. Foreign technology is more advanced, mostly using large equipment, with perfect
detection and monitoring system, high degree of automation. Domestic drilling technology is
mostly started by imitating foreign technology, and at the same time, it is improved according to
the domestic situation. In the global Oilfield Crown Block market, This report focuses
particularly in North America, South America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, and Middle East and
Africa. This report classifies the market on the basis of application, type, regions, and
manufactures.

Drilling of new wells in Asia Pacific region with matured reservoir is expected to increase the
demand for Crown Block by the companies and operators of oil and gas industry. Additionally,
increased utilization of methane and urea gas by farmers has demanded for drilling conventional
gas wells that is expected to drive the market over the forecast period.
Increased drilling activities for shale gas in North America region with the development in shale
gas field has propelled the growth of market in expected forecast period of 2018-2027.
Demand for energy by the various industry such as factories, infrastructure, and manufacturing
industries is expected to demand for drilling new wells and indirectly demands for the growth of
Crown Block market in forecast period of 2018-2027.
One of the challenging factor that is hampering the growth of global crown block market over
the forecast period of 2018-2027 is declining drilling and exploration activities due to the offset
fall of petroleum industry in last 5 years since 2014.
While floating drilling platform explore oil and gas in the deep sea, heave compensators must be
equipped to ensure the safety and efficiency of drilling or other operations. Rocker mechanism is
the key mechanisms of crown-mounted compensator (CMC) to ensure the tension of wire rope.
The movement of crown block caused the fluently changes of the contact angle between wire
rope and three pulleys, which results in the severe wear of wire rope, threatening the safety of
rocker mechanism and even the normal operation of CMC. With high technical reliability, CMC
is early and widely used as compensation system on drilling platforms or ships. Burns first
proposed the use of rocker mechanism on the CMC to reduce the number of turns between wire
rope and the winch; Rocker mechanism on passive heave compensator are designed by Yanting
Zhang but the optimization was not involved. S Takagawa applied the rocker mechanism to
ROV heave compensator, founding that the winding method of the rope would affect the wrap
angle
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Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology Introduction

between wire and pulleys, which causes the contact stress changes but not taken into
consideration. Through the combination of experiment and finite element analysis, the failure
form of drilling wire rope is studied by S Moradi who founded that the changes of alternating
stress caused by wire rope overload is the main reason for its wear failure..

1.2 The main content of the subject research

In order to promote the solution of the various problems faced by the research of crown
Block in Petroleum grilling rig , the functions, performance and innovation of crown block need
to be improved. It is necessary to carry out more in-depth research on the application of crown
block, improve the crown block hosting system and improve the industrial level. Aiming at the
current research status of the crown block in petroleum drilling rig , this article takes a crown
block wit theories to design and calculate and builds the design with the help of a computer
through three-dimensional modeling software. The three-dimensional solid model of crown
block uses the principles of mechanics to optimize the design parameters and continuously
improve, and finally meet the product use requirements and performance reliability and product
economic requirements, and explore the design schemes of crown block.
The main components of the crown block described in this article include the pulleys or
sheaves,wire rope,Shafts,Pins and mainly complete the following tasks:
Investigate the basic material of the hoisting system and crown block structure, analysis the
working principle and characteristics. Consult the current situation of research in domestic and
abroad, realize the current situation of field application. At the same time, it also should to be
known the basic structure about the crown block, and on the basic, it should to complete the
design procedure of the crown block structure. Complete the related theoretical design, structural
parts design and calculation of crown block device. 3D modeling and analysis of key
components.

1.3 Subsections of this chapter

This chapter introduces in detail the definition of crown block and the development status of
crown block at home and abroad, and then analyzes the development direction of crown block in
my country, introduces several latest technologies of modern crown block, expounds the
important role of manipulators in social production, and clarifies the importance of this topic.
Overall research goals and main content.

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Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology Scheme design

2. Overall scheme design of Crown block

According to the design requirements and the above-mentioned crown block development
status, the research purpose and significance are organized, and the current status at home and
abroad as well as this course are investigated
The understanding of the task, this chapter meets the design of the key parts of the crown block
device and the corresponding parameter function requirements as prerequisite, the design of key
parts of the crown block device and the overall design of parameter optimization are introduced
in detail.
It is set as a general-purpose equipment, and the applicable scene is to complete the crown block
of an ordinary part of the petroleum drilling rig.
According to production needs, give the design the basic technical requirements are:
1. Promote the crown block to reach a Drill capacity: well depth 5000m, and the advancing speed
and confirm its advancing.
2.Lift system,Diameter of wire rope for drilling objects: Oil and Gas
Maximum hook load: 3150 kN ,Maximum drill string weight, Maximum input power of
drawworks.
3.The controllable range of the crown block device is as large as possible, the structure is simple,
and the crown block device follows the principle of mechanical design.
Parts should be easy to process, and standard parts should be used as much as possible in the
design, which is convenient for assembly and maintenance, and has good economic efficiency.
The design flow chart of the crown block device designed in this subject is shown in Figure 2.1:

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Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology Scheme design

2.1 Analysis of the overall design of the Crown block

According to the basic technical requirements, the crown block is use in petroleum drilling
rig This paper related to oil well apparatus and particularly to the cables and cable sheaves which
are carried at the crown block of the derrick. The sheaves at the crown block usually operate to
support a traveling block with a number of sheaves, and may also include special sheaves to be
used with the sand line, and for operating standard tools. With the usual arrangement of sheaves,
the diameter of the sheaves is considerably limited, from which it follows that the cable, in
passing onto the sheaves, is obent to a relatively small radius; this is de structive to the cables
and is objectable.
Crown block apparatus having a simple construction enabling the diameter of the sheaves to be
made relatively large. A further object of the invention is to provide a simple and compact crown
block construction which will facilitate the use of the cable in the manner suggested, and which
will also enable the sandline sheave and crown sheave to be properly aligned with respect to the
center line of the well. Further objects of the invention will appear hereinafter. The invention
consists in the novel features and combination of parts to be described hereinafter, all of which
contribute to produce an efficient crown block apparatus.

2.2 Overall design scheme of Crown block

2.2.1 Crown block design features
Each crown block sheave is machined from an integral steel alloy cast for enhanced strength.
Induction hardened sheave grooves provide superior wear resistance Individual lubrication
passage to each bearing for easy maintenance Sheaves and bearings are interchangeable with
those traveling blocks. Rugged steel alloy crown platform equipped with stable safety handrails
Crown bumper to protect both the crown block and traveling block.

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Undergraduate Thesis of Chongqing University of science and Technology Scheme design