Stacks and Chimneys

Theoretical draft The theoretical draft is that which is produced by the difference
in static head of equal columns of atmosphere air and flue gas when at rest. The
theoretical draft of a smoke stack or a chimney can be readily calculated from the
formula

Stack draft (in. H2O) = 0.256 HP(1/T – 1/T1)

Where H = stack height above breeching , ft.

P = baromatic pressure , in. Hg
T = ambient temperature , OR
T1 = average stack temperature , OR

Actual draft To obtain the actual draft for a chimney or stack, the losses that occur
with flow must be deducted from the theoretical draft this losses are both frictional
and of exit velocity in nature. They may be evaluated by the following equation,

Stack flow loss (in. H2O) = 0.0942 (T1/D4)(W/100,000)2(1+fH/D)

Where T1 = average stack temperature , OR

D = stack diameter, ft
W = gas flow, lb/hr
f = friction factor from figure
H = stack height above breeching, ft

To apply figure the Reynolds number may be calculated by equation

NRe = 27,000 W / T1D

0.025

0.020
5 ft. dia.

10 ft. dia.
0.015
25 ft. dia.

0.010
105 106 107

Reynold number