AE21!06!01 - Steel Grating Load Class-D400

P.
O Box 43515
Abu Dhabi
United Arab Emirates
office@ankereng.com Structural Designer
STEEL GRATING
LOAD CLASS-D400
Structural Calculation
Prepared by: Spira Bogunovic M.Sc Structural Engineer
Project: Dubai International Airport
Client Document No. Date Revision

AE21-06-01 25.05.2021 00
www.ankereng.com
Project Dubai International Airport
Job Title Steel Grating Load Class-D400
Document No. AE21-06-01
INTRODUCTION__________________________________________________________________ 2
LIMITATIONS ____________________________________________________________________ 3
PURPOSE & SCOPE ______________________________________________________________ 3
SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND DESIGN GUIDE IN USE ________________________________ 3
LIST OF REFERENCE ______________________________________________________________ 3
DESIGN TOOLS __________________________________________________________________ 4
DESIGN APPROACH ______________________________________________________________ 4
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS & MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS __________________________ 5
LOAD ANALYSIS _________________________________________________________________ 5
DEAD LOAD ____________________________________________________________________ 5
IMPOSED LIVE LOAD ______________________________________________________________ 6
LOAD COMBINATIONS ____________________________________________________________ 7
SUMMARY RESULTS ANALYSIS ___________________________________________________ 8
1. STAAD ANALYSIS ____________________________________________________________ 9
2. SERVICEABILITY CRITERIA AND DEFLECTION CHECK __________________________________ 22
3. STEEL DESIGN – LOAD BEARING BARS 100X10MM ___________________________________ 24
4. STEEL DESIGN – LOAD BEARING BARS & CROSS BARS 50X10MM ________________________ 27
5. STEEL DESIGN – CROSS BARS 40X10MM __________________________________________ 30
6. VERIFICATION OF FRAME BEARING AREA FOR COVER CLASS-D400 ________________________ 33
CONNECTION DESIGN ___________________________________________________________ 35
PRESSURE-LOCKED CONNECTION ___________________________________________________ 36
W ELDED CONNECTION – END BEARING BAR TO CROSS BARS _______________________________ 36
W ELDED CONNECTION – LOAD BEARING BARS TO BAND BAR (END CROSS BARS) ________________ 37
EVALUATION AND CONCLUSION __________________________________________________ 38
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS _______________________________________________________ 39
Disclaimer:
The submitted document / design model is intended to be used for coordination purposes between other trades involved in the Project. AEc
accepts no liability for errors or omissions in the information contained within the submitted document / design model. All available information is
presented in a good faith and it is not intended to cause further problems with design and / or coordination with other trades.
This report (including any enclosures and attachments) has been prepared for the exclusive use and benefit of the addressee(s) and solely for the
purpose for which it is provided. Unless we provide express prior written consent, no part of this report should be reproduced, distributed or
communicated to any third party. We do not accept any liability if this report is used for an alternative purpose from which it is intended, nor to any
third party in respect of this report.
ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com
1
INTRODUCTION
The following document is the structural calculation for Steel Grating Load
Class-D400 done on behalf of Client. This report summarizes the design parameters,
design criteria, considered methodologies and calculations results.
The Figure 1 below shows typical grating appearance, and Table 1 grating
specification considered in design calculation.
Figure 1_Steel Grating (for sketch purpose only)
Table 1 - Grating Specifications

Load Bearing Bars 100 x 10 mm Flat Bars (560mm)
50 x 10 mm Flat Bars (2 x 70mm)
Cross Bars 40 x 10 mm Flat Bars (1000mm)
50 x 10 mm Flat Bars (1000mm)
Grating Size 700 x 1000mm
Pitch 50 x 100mm
Grade of Steel S275 JR
Load Class D400 (40 Tonnes)
Load Bearing Bars Cross Bars
Cross bars shall provide the spacing and bracing for the bearing bars and are
essential for the stabilization of the grating and the effective distribution of the load
across the grating. The satisfactory performance of the grating is dependent on the
2
integrity of the pressure-locked joints and the use of cross bars of a size adequate to
perform their function.
Limitations
This design calculation is prepared based on reference drawing received from
the Client. Only the verification of grating structural members (bearing bar and cross
bar) is subject of this structural report.
PURPOSE & SCOPE

The purpose of this document is to outline the design of Steel Grating Load
Class-D400, to ensure that all the necessary works are carried out safely in a
systematic manner, using good engineering judgment in line with project technical
specifications and other relevant codes and standard.
The scope of this document is structural analysis and design of Steel Grating
Load Class-D400 in order to verify its strength and serviceability for loading
conditions encountered during its proposed usage.
SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND DESIGN GUIDE IN USE

The codes, standards and specification as indicated in Table below have been used
as reference and guidance.
Project Specification
Document Title Reference
/ /
Standards followed in the calculation
Document Title Reference
Design of Steel Structures
Part 1.1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings EN 1993-1-1:2005
Gully tops and manhole tops for vehicular and
pedestrian areas – Design Requirements, Type
Testing, Marking, Quality Control EN 124: 1994
Fabricated Access Covers Trade Association –
Specification for Fabricated Access Covers FACTA
Structural Use of Steelwork in Building Part 1: Code of
Practice for Design Rolled and Welded Sections BS 5950-1: 2000
List of Reference
The following is the list of documents that have been reviewed and used as a
reference.
Reference Documents
3
Document Title Document Number Revision

Task#9 Terminal -3 Arrival Level Car
Park Curb Trench Details and Setting ACC/DP-INF-100(WO#045)/TA-
Out Plan 9/SD/TR/019 00
Design Tools
The following software is used in the design:
 STAAD Pro V8i structural analysis software
 Spreadsheets for steel design
DESIGN APPROACH
The design check is performed using EN 1993-1-1:2005 for loading as per

FACTA confirming to testing requirements of EN 124: 1994.
All considered design loads and design cases were defined as per the
relevant design codes and standards. In a limit state design (ULS) approach,
characteristic load values are factored to account for a degree of safety and
uncertainties of the actual behavior of the structure and load predictions. Compliance
to serviceability limit state (SLS) is checked with values of service loads (load factors
4
= 1.0) as structure needs to have adequate stiffness to limit any deflections during its
projected life span.
The general Finite Element Analysis Program STAAD Pro, has been used for
structural analysis, to find the governing forces based on performed load
combinations. Then the bearing and cross bars were checked manually considering
influences obtained from software.
Detailed analysis results can be found on the following pages.
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS & MATERIAL

SPECIFICATIONS
This section lists the design strengths and parameters used for the design of the
aforementioned structure.
Steel Materials
Grade of Steel Yield Strength fyb Tensile Strength fub
S275 275N/mm2 430N/mm2 BS EN 10025
Structural Components
Material Grade Designed Strength
Load Bearing Bars fyb = 275N/mm2
100x10mm; 50x10mm S275 fub = 430 N/mm2
Cross Bars fyb = 275N/mm2
40x10mm; 50x10mm S275 fub = 430 N/mm2
Detail Components
Connection Applicable to
Pressure-locked cross bars and load as shown in
connection bearing bars connection design
Welded connection
4mm thk leg size – cross bars welded to as shown in
double fillet weld end load bearing bar connection design
Welded connection load bearing bars
4mm thk leg size – welded to band bar as shown in
single fillet weld (end cross bars) connection design
LOAD ANALYSIS
Dead Load
The dead load characteristic to be used in the design are summarized below:
Self-weight of grating members generated by = STAAD
5
Imposed Live Load

Wheel load for service (as per FACTA for D400 cover plates) = 108kN
Load factor for dynamic effect (as per RTA) 1.33
1.33 x 108kN = 143.64kN
Load factor for strength (as per RTA) 1.50
Three different wheel load positions on the steel grating are considered:
1) Wheel load in the middle of steel grating:
SLS_1 → 1.0 x 143.64 = 143.64kN
143.64kN / 25nodes = 5.75kN
ULS_1 → 1.5 x 143.64 = 215.46kN
215.46kN / 25nodes = 8.62kN
2) Wheel load in the end of steel grating

SLS_2 → 1.0 x 143.64 = 143.64kN
143.64kN / 25nodes = 5.75kN
ULS_2 → 1.5 x 143.64 = 215.46kN
215.46kN / 25nodes = 8.62kN
3) Wheel load above support

SLS_3 → 1.0 x 143.64 = 143.64kN
143.64kN / 25nodes = 5.75kN
ULS_3 → 1.5 x 143.64 = 215.46kN
215.46kN / 25nodes = 8.62kN
The STAAD assignment for imposed live load (wheel load) is shown in Section
‘’STAAD Analysis’’.
6
LOAD COMBINATIONS
According to the Standard recommendations, the effect of one or more loads is

considered in designed and summarized in the table below.
In an ultimate limit state design approach, characteristic load values are scaled up,
to account for factor of safety: FULS = Ɣf ∙ Ɣd ∙ FK
FULS load and resistance factor design load
Ɣf factor of safety
Ɣd factor of dynamic effect
FK characteristic load
Design load values are combined together with the most stringent of the provisions
prevailing.
Basic Load Cases

L/C Load Case Name
Dead Load (DL)
Imposed Live Load (LL)
Ultimate Limit State Combinations
02 ULS_1 (1.4DL + 1.5 x 1.33LL) wheel in the middle position
04 ULS_2 (1.4DL + 1.5 x 1.33LL) wheel in the end position
06 ULS_3 (1.4DL + 1.5 x 1.33LL) wheel above support
Serviceability Limit State Combinations
01 SLS_1 (1.0DL + 1.33LL) wheel in the middle position
03 SLS_2 (1.0DL + 1.33LL) wheel in the end position
05 SLS_3 (1.0DL + 1.33LL) wheel above support
7
SUMMARY RESULTS ANALYSIS
8
1. STAAD Analysis
9
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 1
Part
Software licensed to HP
Job Title Steel Grating Class-D400 Ref
By Date24-May-21 Chd
Client MillMechanical File Date/Time 25-May-2021 11:48

Steel Grating Class-D400.std
Job Information
Engineer Checked Approved
Name:
Date: 24-May-21
Structure Type SPACE FRAME
Number of Nodes 357 Highest Node 357

Number of Elements 516 Highest Beam 636
Number of Basic Load Cases 6

Number of Combination Load Cases 0
Included in this printout are data for:

All The Whole Structure
Included in this printout are results for load cases:

Type L/C Name
Primary 1 SLS_1
Primary 2 ULS_1
Primary 3 SLS_2
Primary 4 ULS_2
Primary 5 SLS_3
Primary 6 ULS_3
3D Rendered View_Steel Grating Class-D400
STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33
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Job No Sheet No Rev
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Part

11
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 3
Part

0.700m
1.000m
0.050m 0.100m
0.070m
0.560m
Y
X
Z Load 6
0.070m
Dimensions
Materials
Mat Name E  Density 
(kN/mm2) (kg/m3) (/°C)
1 STEEL 205.000 0.300 7.83E+3 12E -6
2 STAINLESSSTEEL 197.930 0.300 7.83E+3 18E -6
3 ALUMINUM 68.948 0.330 2.71E+3 23E -6
4 CONCRETE 21.718 0.170 2.4E+3 10E -6
Section Properties
Prop Section Area Iyy Izz J Material
(cm2) (cm4) (cm4) (cm4)
1 PS40X10 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 STEEL
2 PS50X10 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 STEEL
3 PS100X10 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 STEEL
12
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 4
Part

Y
X
Z Load 6
Load Bearing Bars 100x10mm (highlighted in red)
Y
X
Z Load 6
13
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 5
Part

Y
X
Z Load 6
Cross Bars 40x10mm (highlighted in red)
Y
X
Z Load 6
14
Job No Sheet No Rev
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Part

Y
X
Z Load 6
Whole Structure
Releases
There is no data of this type.
Primary Load Cases

Number Name Type
1 SLS_1 None
2 ULS_1 None
3 SLS_2 None
4 ULS_2 None
5 SLS_3 None
6 ULS_3 None
15
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 7
Part

-5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750
kN
kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750 kN -5.750 kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750 kN
kN -5.750-5.750 kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750 kN kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750
kN
kN
-5.750 kN
Y
X
Z
Load 1
SLS_1 - Wheel Load in the middle of steel grating
-8.620 kN
-8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620 kN
kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620 kN
kN -8.620-8.620 kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620 kN kN -8.620 kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620
kN
kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620
kN
kN
-8.620 kN
Y
X
Z
Load 2
ULS_1 - Wheel load in the middle of steel grating
16
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 8
Part

-5.750 kN
-5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750
kN
kN
-5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750 kN
kN -5.750 kN kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750 kN -5.750 kN -5.750 kN
-5.750
-5.750 kN -5.750 kN kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750
kN
kN
-5.750 kN
Y
X
Z
Load 3
SLS_2 - Wheel load in the end of steel grating
-8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620
kN
kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620 kN -8.620 kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620 kN
kN -8.620-8.620 kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620 kN kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620
kN
kN
-8.620 kN
Y
X
Z
Load 4
ULS_2 - Wheel load in the end of steel grating
17
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 9
Part

-5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750
kN
kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN-5.750 kN -5.750 kN -5.750 kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750 kN -5.750 kN
kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750
kN
kN
kN
-5.750 kN -5.750-5.750
kN
kN
-5.750 kN
Y
X
Z
Load 5
SLS_3 - Wheel load above support
-8.620 kN
-8.620 kN
-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620
kN
kN
-8.620 kN
-8.620 kN-8.620-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620
kN
kN
kN
-8.620 kN-8.620-8.620 kN -8.620-8.620 kN
kN -8.620 kN kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN-8.620 kN -8.620 kN
-8.620 kN-8.620-8.620
kN
kN
-8.620 kN
Y
X
Z
Load 6
ULS_3 - Wheel load above support
18
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 1
Part

15
30
45
60
75
90
105
3 120
18 135
33 150
48 165
63 180
78 195
93 210
108 225
123 240
138 255
153 270
168 285
183 300
198 315
213
228
243
258
Y
X 273
Z 288 Load 6
Support Numbers
Reactions
Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment
Node L/C FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
3 2:ULS_1 -0.000 -0.409 0.000 0.000 -0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.088 -0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.065 -0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
15 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.410 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.088 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.064 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
18 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.509 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.065 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.054 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
30 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.509 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.065 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.055 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
33 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.542 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.043 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.043 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
45 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.542 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.043 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.044 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
48 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.449 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.024 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
60 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.449 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.027 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
63 2:ULS_1 0.000 0.039 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.052 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.009 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
19
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 2
Part

Reactions Cont...
75 2:ULS_1 0.000 0.039 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.052 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
78 2:ULS_1 0.000 1.444 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.142 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.055 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
90 2:ULS_1 0.000 1.444 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.142 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.051 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
93 2:ULS_1 0.000 4.439 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.263 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.108 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
105 2:ULS_1 0.000 4.439 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.263 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.120 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
108 2:ULS_1 0.000 9.097 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.400 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.154 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
120 2:ULS_1 0.000 9.097 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.400 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.204 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
123 2:ULS_1 0.000 13.688 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.505 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.170 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
135 2:ULS_1 0.000 13.688 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.505 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.264 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
138 2:ULS_1 0.000 17.836 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.457 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.136 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
150 2:ULS_1 0.000 17.836 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 -0.458 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.198 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
153 2:ULS_1 0.000 19.408 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.011 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 -0.027 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
165 2:ULS_1 0.000 19.408 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.165 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
168 2:ULS_1 0.000 17.836 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 1.415 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.336 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
180 2:ULS_1 0.000 17.836 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 1.414 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 0.983 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
183 2:ULS_1 0.000 13.688 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 4.430 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 1.804 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
20
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 3
Part

Reactions Cont...
195 2:ULS_1 0.000 13.688 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 4.429 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 2.198 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
198 2:ULS_1 0.000 9.097 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 9.135 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 6.772 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
210 2:ULS_1 0.000 9.098 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 9.134 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 3.473 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
213 2:ULS_1 0.000 4.441 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 13.811 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 29.695 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
225 2:ULS_1 0.000 4.440 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 13.814 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 4.561 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
228 2:ULS_1 0.000 1.451 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 18.098 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 34.610 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
240 2:ULS_1 0.000 1.445 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 18.116 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 5.508 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
243 2:ULS_1 0.000 0.058 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 19.867 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 35.815 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
255 2:ULS_1 0.000 0.040 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 19.918 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 5.989 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
258 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.409 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 18.474 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 34.866 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
270 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.451 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 18.590 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 5.691 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
273 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.307 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 13.795 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 30.285 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
285 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.544 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 14.460 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 4.757 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
288 2:ULS_1 0.000 -1.221 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 11.258 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 6.443 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
300 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.511 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 9.264 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 3.447 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
315 2:ULS_1 0.000 -0.407 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
4:ULS_2 0.000 1.142 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
6:ULS_3 0.000 1.081 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
21
2. Serviceability Criteria and Deflection Check
22
Serviceability criteria has to be met to ensure the proper elements behavior during
the designed life span. Serviceability limit state (SLS) compliance is ensured by
limiting the deflections under the service loads (i.e. load factors of safety Ɣ f = 1.0) to
a set value.
Deflection limitat due to fatigue for the covers class D is:

Llimit = (Laplicable / 200) x 0.50 Laplicable = (Lmax – Lclear) /2 + Lclear
Llimit = (640.0 / 200) x 0.50 Laplicable = (700.0 – 580.0) + 580.0 mm
Llimit = 1.60 mm Laplicable = 640.0 mm
Calculated deflection from STAAD is:
Lcalculated = 0.63 mm ≤ Llimit = 1.60 mm Hence OK
The calculated deflection is less then deflection limit, thus the design requirements
are met.
23
3. Steel Design – Load Bearing Bars 100x10mm
24
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 1
Part

Y
X
Z Load 6
Beam Maximum Forces by Section Property

Axial Shear Torsion Bending
Section Max Fx Max Fy Max Fz Max Mx Max My Max Mz
PS100X10 Max +ve 1.299 26.172 0.093 0.052 0.007 0.150
Max -ve -0.613 -19.290 -0.095 -0.051 -0.009 -4.419
25
Results obtained from Staad:

Mmaxult = 4.419 kNm Smaxult = 26.17 kN
Allowable Bending Stress per BS EN 1993-1-1:

σallowablebend. = Fy / Ƴm0 Ƴm0 – cross section partial factor (1.00)
σallowable bend. = 275 / 1.00
σallowable bend. = 275.0 Nmm2
Allowable Shear Stress per BS EN 1993-1-1:

σallowableshear = 0.60 x Fy / Ƴm2 Ƴm2 – partial factor for brittle fracture (1.25)
σallowable shear = 0.60 x 275.0 / 1.25
σallowableshear = 132.0 Nmm2
Geometric characteristic of load bearing bars:

Wbars = (B x H2) / 6 B – is width of bar cross section
2
Wbars = (10.0 x 100.0 ) / 6 H – is height of bar cross section
Wbars = 16 666.67 mm 3
Abars = B x H
Abars = 10.0 x 100.0
Abars = 1 000.00 mm2
Maximum calculated bending stress:

σmax = Mmaxult / W bars
σmax = 4.419 x 106 / 16 666.67
σmax = 265.14 Nmm2 ≤ σallowablebend. = 275.0 Nmm2 Hence OK
Maximum calculated shear stress:

σmax = Smaxult / Abars
σmax = 26.17 x 103 / 1 000.00
σmax = 26.17 Nmm2 ≤ σallowableshear = 132.0 Nmm2 Hence OK
26
4. Steel Design – Load Bearing Bars & Cross Bars 50x10mm
27
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 1
Part

Y
X
Z Load 6
Y
X
Z Load 6

PS50X10 Max +ve 3.015 34.793 1.029 0.052 0.026 0.224
Max -ve -2.829 -18.306 -1.026 -0.051 -0.026 -0.505
28



Geometric characteristic of load bearing bars / cross bars:

2
Wbars = 4 166.67 mm 3
Abars = B x H
Abars = 10.0 x 50.0
Abars = 500.00 mm2

σmax = 0.505 x 106 / 4 166.67

σmax = 34.79 x 103 / 500.00
29
5. Steel Design – Cross Bars 40x10mm
30
Job No Sheet No Rev
AE21-06-01 1
Part

Y
X
Z Load 6

PS40X10 Max +ve 0.197 9.607 0.185 0.020 0.006 0.283
Max -ve -0.535 -9.582 -0.183 -0.020 -0.006 -0.519
31



Geometric characteristic of cross bars:

2
Wbars = 2 666.67 mm 3
Abars = B x H
Abars = 10.0 x 40.0
Abars = 400.00 mm2

σmax = 0.519 x 106 / 2 666.67

σmax = 9.61 x 103 / 400.00
32
6. Verification of frame bearing area for cover class-D400
33
Ft = 400kN … maximum load bearing capacity

Pballowable = 7.50 N/mm2
Abearingframe = 4 x Grating length x B + 42 x Loaded bars over support x B

Abearingframe = 4 x 1 000 x 10.0 + 42 x 50.0 x 10.0
Abearingframe = 61 000 mm2
Pbcalc. = Ft / Abearingframe
Pbcalc. = 400.0 x 103 / 61 000.0
Pbcalc. = 6.56 N/mm2 ≤ Pballowable = 7.50 N/mm2 Hence OK
34
CONNECTION DESIGN
35
Pressure-Locked Connection
Applicable to joints of middle cross bars and load bearing bars
Welded Connection – End Bearing Bar to Cross Bars

Applicable to joints of end load bearing bars and cross bars
36
Welded Connection – Load Bearing Bars to Band Bar (end cross bars)
Applicable to joints of load bearing bars and band bars (end cross bars)
37
EVALUATION AND CONCLUSION
According to the design and positive results of verification carried out it is

concluded that load bearing bars 100 x 10mm at lengths of 560mm; 50 x 10mm at
lengths of 2x70mm and cross bars 40 x 10mm; 50 x 10mm both at lengths of
1000mm are capable to withstand required designed actions. Therefore, grating size
700 x 1000mm of steel S275, with pitch 50x100 is found satisfactory as per code
provisions for class-D400.
38
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
39

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Prepared by: Spira Bogunovic M.Sc Structural Engineer

Project: Dubai International Airport

Client Document No. Date Revision

ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com

Figure 1_Steel Grating (for sketch purpose only)

Table 1 - Grating Specifications

Load Bearing Bars Cross Bars

ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com

PURPOSE & SCOPE

SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND DESIGN GUIDE IN USE

ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com

Document Title Document Number Revision

The design check is performed using EN 1993-1-1:2005 for loading as per

ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com

STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS & MATERIAL

ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com

Imposed Live Load

2) Wheel load in the end of steel grating

3) Wheel load above support

ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com

According to the Standard recommendations, the effect of one or more loads is

Basic Load Cases

ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com

SUMMARY RESULTS ANALYSIS

ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com

ANKER Engineering Consultancy L.L.C www.ankereng.com

Client MillMechanical File Date/Time 25-May-2021 11:48

Structure Type SPACE FRAME

Number of Nodes 357 Highest Node 357

Number of Basic Load Cases 6

Included in this printout are data for:

Included in this printout are results for load cases:

3D Rendered View_Steel Grating Class-D400

STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33

Client MillMechanical File Date/Time 25-May-2021 11:48

3D Rendered View_Steel Grating Class-D400

3D Rendered View_Steel Grating Class-D400

3D Rendered View_Steel Grating Class-D400

STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33

Client MillMechanical File Date/Time 25-May-2021 11:48

STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33

Client MillMechanical File Date/Time 25-May-2021 11:48

Load Bearing Bars 100x10mm (highlighted in red)

Load Bearing Bars 50x10mm (highlighted in red)

STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33

Client MillMechanical File Date/Time 25-May-2021 11:48

Cross Bars 40x10mm (highlighted in red)

Cross Bars 50x10mm (highlighted in red)

STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33

Client MillMechanical File Date/Time 25-May-2021 11:48

Primary Load Cases

STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33

Client MillMechanical File Date/Time 25-May-2021 11:48

ULS_1 - Wheel load in the middle of steel grating

STAAD.Pro V8i (SELECTseries 6) 20.07.11.33

Client MillMechanical File Date/Time 25-May-2021 11:48