STUDY OF KNITTING PROCESS OF AT KALASH PRIVATE LIMITED,

FAISALABAD

An internship report submitted by

Ahmed Hassan (18-NTU-TT-1536)

Haseeb Tahir (18-NTU-TT-1543)
Ali- ur Rahman (18-NTU-TT-1585)
Ammar Jahangir (18-NTU-TT-1586)

University Supervisor: Dr. Zohaib sb

Mills Supervisor: Faisal sb

BSc Textile Engineering Technology

Department of Materials and Testing
Faculty of Engineering & Technology

National Textile University Faisalabad

September 2020
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Dedication…………………………………………………………………………………..……….. ii
Acknowledgment ………………………………………………………………………………….… iii
Certificate…………………………………………………………………………………..…….….. iv
Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………..…… v
List of Abbreviations………………………………………………………………………………….. vi
List of Tables ………………………………………………………………………………………… vii
List of Figures………………………………………………………………………………………… viii
Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………….…………… ix
Chapter 1 Organization Profile ……………………………………………………………. 1
1.1 History …………………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.2 Organizational structure ………………………………………………………………… 2
1.3 Product range …………………………………………………………………………… 3
1.4 Major customers ………………………………………………………………………… 4
1.5 Major suppliers …………………………………………………………………………. 4
1.6 Monthly production …………………………………………………………………….. 4
1.7 Annual turnover ……………………………………………………………………….... 5
1.8 Accreditations of quality/social/environmental standards ………………………………... 5
1.9 Major departments and sections ……………………………………………………..… 6
Chapter 2 Knitting……………………………………………………...…........................ 8
2.1 Objectives………………………………………………………................................... 8
2.2 Machine layout and specifications……………………………………..……................ 8
2.3 Parts and working……………………………………………………………………… 1
0
2.4 Faults with pictures……………………………………………………………………... 1
1
2.5 Calculations………………………………..………………………………………...... 1
2
2.6 Records………………………………..………………………………………............. 1
3
2.7 Maintenance of machines……………………………………………………………… 1
4
 2.8 Manpower……………………………………………………………………………... 1
4

Chapter 3 Fabric and Knitting Parameters………………............................................... 1

5
3.1 GSM, Yarn Count…………………………………………………………………….… 1
5
3.2 Machine diameter………………………………………………………..…….............. 1
5
1
3.3 Number of feeder…………………………………………………………………….. 6
3.4 Machine Gauge……………………………………………………………………………. 17
3.5 Relationship between knitting parameters…..………………………………………...... 18
Chapter 4 Inspection and Folding………………….….…………………………………. 19
7.1 Objectives………………………………………………………..................................... 19
7.2 Machine layout and specifications……………………………………..……................. 19
7.3 Parts and working………………………………………………………………………. 20
7.4 Faults with pictures….…………………………………………………………………... 21
7.5 Grading system and calculations…………..………………………………………........ 23
7.6 Records………………………………..……………………………………….............. 24
7.7 Maintenance of machines……………………………………………………………… 25
7.8 Manpower……………………………………………………………………………..... 25
Chapter 5 Testing and quality control………….………………………………….………. 26
8.1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………. 26
8.2 Objectives ……………………………………………………………………………… 26
8.3 Testing equipment………………………………………………………..……….…… 26
8.4 Testing methods……….…………………………..……………………..……….……… 27
8.5 Quality control methods………………………………………………….……….……… 27
Chapter 6 Air conditioning system………………….….…………………………………. 28
9.1 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………….…….. 28
9.2 Objectives ………………………………………………………….…………….……… 28
9.3 Air conditioning system………………………….……….……….……….…………… 28
9.4 Humidity and temperature levels………………..………………………...…………… 29
 9.5 Maintenance of air conditioning system ………………………………….…………..... 29
9.6 Manpower……………………………………………………………………………..... 29
Chapter 7 Compressed air supply…………………………………………………..……. 30
10.1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………. 30
10.2 Objectives ………………………………………………………………………............... 30
10.3 Machine layout and specifications………………………………………………............... 30
10.4 Compressed air supply………………………………………………………….….......... 31
10.5 Maintenance of compressors …………………………………………….………........... 32
10.6 Manpower…………………………………………………………………………......... 32

Dedication
I dedicate my hard work and struggles of the educational life to my dear
parents; without them I'm meaningless. Also, I devote the work of this
internship to respectable and honorable teachers who taught and
supported me in developing my personality. Special thanks to my
fellows who helped me and motivated me throughout the journey.
Acknowledgements
The internship opportunity I had with Kalash Pvt. Ltd was a great
chance for learning and professional development. Therefore, I consider
myself as a very lucky individual as I was provided with an opportunity
to be a part of it. I am also grateful for having a chance to meet so many
wonderful people and professionals who led me though this internship
period. Bearing in mind I am using this opportunity to express my
deepest gratitude and special thanks to the Manager R&D Faisal sb who
in spite of being extraordinarily busy with his duties, took time out to
hear, guide and keep me on the correct path.
List of Abbreviations
D = Diameter of Machine
 G = Gauge of Machine
S.L = Stitch Length
List of Tables Page

Table 1 Fabrication R & D Team ...........................................................................

16
Table 2 knitting Machines on basis of Fabric ........................................................
16
Table 3 knitting Machines on basis of Manufacturers ...........................................
17
Table 4 knitting Machines on basis of Día and Gauge ........................................ 17
Table 5 RPM of Knitting Machines ...................................................................... 17
Table 6 Maintenance Schedule of Machines ........................................................ 19

List of Figures Page

Figure 1 Kalash Logo .......................................................................10

Figure 2 Kalash Private Limited ...................................................... 11
Figure 3 Kalash Textile Unit ........................................................... 11
Figure 4 KLASH-2 .......................................................................... 11

Summary

The purpose of the internship is to gain practical knowledge regarding the field
and to know about the working environment of a firm. It is an opportunity to
convert the theoretical knowledge obtained in the university into practical
knowledge. During the internship at Kalash Private Limited many new things
were learnt and we were able to gain practical knowledge.
 Chapter 1
Organizational profile

Kalash Private Ltd.

Figure 1 Kalash Logo

History of Kalash

Klash Pvt Founded in 1990 in U.K, it now owns vertically integrated divisions
Klash Clothing Co. Ltd in U.K, while in Pakistan Klash (Pvt.) Ltd., and other units
of Klash Pvt., having vast knowledge and expertise in design and manufacturing
of High-Quality Value-Added Knitted Garments. Under the Umbrella of Klash
Group, Pakistan Operations were started in 2003 and now have become one of the
largest knitwear manufacturing units in the country.

Klash Units

• Klash Clothing. Ltd in U.K (1990)

Klash Clothing Co. Ltd in U. K founded in 1990 in U.K, Klash Group has steadily
grown over the years. That was the first step of Klash Pvt and after Klash
Clothing, company gradually stepped up since 1990 to today.
• Klash Private Limited (2002-3)
The journey of Klash started in 2002 with Klash Pvt Ltd and their first unit was
fully functional on 2003 in Pakistan.

Figure 2 Klash Private Limited

• Klash Textile Unit (2003-4)

This unit was started in 2003 named as Klash Textile as a successor of Klash.
 Figure 3 Klash Textile Unit

• KLASH-2 (2005)
This unit was started in 2005 named as KLASH-2 as a successor of Klash.

Figure 4 KLASH-2

• Klash Dyeing House (2007)

This unit was started in 2007 named as Klash Dyeing House as a successor of
Klash.
• KLASH-3 (2005)
This unit was started in 2005 named as KLASH-3 as a successor of Klash.
• KLASH-4 (2012)
This unit was started in 2012 named as KLASH-4 as a successor of Klash.
• KLASH-5 (2013)
This unit was started in 2013 named as KLASH-5 as a successor of Klash.
• KLASH-8 (2017)
This unit was started in 2017 named as KLASH-8 as a successor of Klash.
• KLASH-9 (2018)
This unit was started in 2018 named as KLASH-9 as a successor of Klash.

Management team

Management team of the Knitting Department (Fabrication R&D)

Sr. No. Name Designation Qualification Service

1. Sir Faisal Manager BA 18 years*
2. Sir Asif Manager BA 18 years*
3. Sir Umair Senior Officer BSc. Textile 3 years*
Engineering
4. Naseer Senior Officer FSc 12 years*
5. Imran Senior Officer FSc 12 years*
6. Tariq Senior Officer F.Sc 12 years*
7. Usman Coordinator Matric 8 years*
8. Kashif Coordinator Matric 8 years*
9. Tanveer Dogar Coordinator Matric 8 years*
10. Abrar Coordinator Matric 8 years*
11. Lateef Coordinator Matric 8 years*
12. Zeeshan Computer ICS 5 years*
Operator
13. Azhar Fabric F.Sc 5 years*
Technologist

Major costumers
Marks and Spencer Fat Face

Next Quicksilver &

Roxy

C&A Sting
 George Morrison

Major suppliers

 Nashat textile Mill

 Sapphire textile Mill

Chapter 2
Knitting

Objectives
To produce fabric from yarn.

Introduction of knitting

Knitting is a method by which thread or yarn may be turned into cloth or other fine
crafts. Knitted fabric consists of consecutive loops, called stitches. As each row
progresses, a new loop is pulled through an existing loop. The active stitches are
held on a needle until another loop can be passed through them. This process
eventually results in a final product, often a garment. In textile knitting, there are
two types of stitch used by the manufacturer to produce a knitted product; Warp
Knitted and Weft Knitted stitches. Each of them has different properties in terms of
advantages & disadvantages, and also the ways of production process.

Classification of Knitting

Introduction of Knitting Department starts with yarn.

The raw material for knitting is the yarn. Different types of yarn of wide range of
different count are used. The sources of yarn are also found. Both carded and
combed yarn is used for knitting.
The yarn was selected from the yarn store. The yarn which was suitable according
to the machine gauge was selected like here we selected 30/1 was selected for 30
dia. Then the yarn was brought to the knitting section. In this section the yarn cone
was set on the creel. For smooth knitting the yarn was passed through different
tensioners and yarn stopping sensors. The machine selected to make the fabric was
circular single knit machine.
Classification of Knitting Machines Present in the Industry

On the basis of Fabric

A table of knitting Machines present in the industry

Single Knit = 35

Double Knit = 64

knitting Machines on basis of Fabric

Single Double Knit

Knit
Single PQ Heavy Fleece Lycr Ri Interlock Fla Double Lycr
Jersey and Jersey a b t Face a
PQ and
Strip Heavy
e Jersey
Engineer
Stripe
14 7 6 8 4 6 11 40 7 6
On the basis of Manufacturers

Single Knit Double Knit

Single Jersey Rib and Flat Machines
Interlock
Manufacturer Manufacturer Manufacturer
ORIZIO Pailung ZEIKI
PILOTELI Terrot
VIGWONI

On the basis of Día and Gauge of Machines

Circular Flat

Single Knit t Double Knit

Single Heavy PQ Rib Interlock Double Face

Jersey Jersey Stripe
D G D G D G D G D G D G Bed Gaug
Length e
30 14 30 14 30 24 3 18 34 28 34 16 60’’
4
30 28 3 15 34 24 34 18 48”
0
30 20 3 18 30 18 32”
2
30 24 34”
RPM of different Knitting Machines

Single Knit Double Knit

Single Jersey Rib Interlock Flat

17-20 15-17 15-17
25

Creel:
Types of Creel

• Side creel
• Top Creel

Creel Capacity:
Circular knitting Flat Knitting
90-540 2-8

Working of different parts of creel:

Thread breakage indication on Creel:

Yarn Sensors are present on the creel. These yarn sensors contain small indication
lights which light up when the yarn breaks.
Function of Tensioners on Creel:
To provide constant and optimum tension to the yarn for smooth knitting and avoid
yarn tension related faults.

Passage of yarn through single knit

1.Creel: It holds the yarn package.

2.Guide pipe: It ensures the path way of the yarn from creel zone to machine
(Knot Catcher). It also saves yarn from any unwanted twist with another.
3.Knot Catcher: It catches removes knot from yarn before knitting.
4.Yarn Tensioner: It supplies yarn to the machine at constant tension.
5.Yarn Guide: It guides yarn through the machine.
6.Sensor: The function of sensor is to detect the brakeage of yarn and stop the
machine immediately with the help of stop motion before positive feeder.
7.Positive Feeder: Positive feeder holds yarn & control the supply of the yarn to
the machine.
8.Sensor: The function of sensor is to detect the brakeage of yarn and stop the
machine immediately with the help of stop motion after positive feeder.
9.Yarn Guide: It guides yarn through the machine.
10.Light Detector: Its function is to give signal where yarn becomes broken.
11.Feeder: It supplies the yarn to the needle.
12.Needle: It forms loop.
13.Take down Roller: It takes fabric at a specific tension from the machine.
14.Cloth Roller: It winds the cloth.

Working Principle

In single jersey stitch length is 13.5

Man power
One person on 2 machines

Double knit machines

Double jersey machines are single jersey machines with a ‘dial’. This houses an
extra set of needles positioned horizontally, adjacent to the vertical cylinder
needles The extra set of needles allows the production of fabrics that are twice as
thick as single jersey fabrics. The design possibilities are greatly enhanced,
compared with single jersey machines. In general, the dial knits the inner face of
the fabric and the cylinder knits the outer face.

Passage of yarn for double jersey (rib, interlock):

Fully fashioned machines

These machines are widely used to produce plain knitwear such as sweaters and
cardigans. They knit shaped panels for the front, back and sleeve of a garment, and
the panels are then sewn together to form the garment. Instead of knitting a whole
rectangular sheet of fabric, instructions from a knit pattern from a computer guide
the needles to add or drop stitches to create customized two-dimensional shapes
appropriate to the desired structure of the finished garment.
In these machines the needles are set into a straight bar in a long row, and the
entire bar is reciprocated by rotary cams to perform the knitting action. The yarn is
laid across the width of the needles and the sinkers push the yarn against the stem
of the needles, ready for loop formation. Edge stitches can be transferred to narrow
the panel, thus creating the required shape.
Fully-fashioned knitting reduces the amount of material required to make a
garment by eliminating selvedge (i.e., the remnants left after cutting from a
rectangular fabric sheet). For example, a sweater requires at least four pieces of
fabric – two sleeves, the front piece and the back piece. Prior to fully-fashioned
machine techniques, a full sheet of material would have to be produced, each of the
four pieces would be cut out and the remaining fabric discarded. With full-
fashioning the machine produces only four pieces and there is no waste.
Traditionally, fully fashioned machines had only one set of needles so they could
only produce plain knit fabric. Therefore, it was necessary to produce welts or
cuffs on special ribbing knitting machines. The ribs were stored on ‘running-on
bars’, to be transferred to the needles of the fully-fashioned machine by hand or
automatically. These limitations are not present with modern machines.

The necessary techniques for changing the width of the fabric are achieved by
various methods including:
- Changing the knit structure, eg, from rib to interlock;
- Varying internal elements (stitch length, knit, tuck or float)
 Passage of yarn for flat knit:

Yarn Tensioner Spring Wire

Cone Stand Open Guide Bar Knot Catcher Ope U guide
Assembly Tensioner

V-Shape Needle Yarn Feeder Side Tensioner

Feeder Yarn Carrier Open Guide
Bed Guide Assembly

V-bed knitting machines

V-bed knitting machines (also known as flatbeds or flat knitting machines) are the
most versatile of all knitting machines (Figure 12.10). They are relatively compact
and are controlled by sophisticated, computer-based design stations. In these
machines the gauge is the defined as the number of needles per inch.
Two opposing needle beds, from 1.0 m to 2.2 m long, are positioned to form an
inverted V. Needles slide down the beds in slots known as ‘tricks. The carriage of
the cam box traverses back and forth across the needle beds, selecting needles for
knitting. The carriage raises and lowers the needles on both beds simultaneously
as it passes over them, depending on the pattern required.

Calculations
Design setup in flat knitting
How to find Numbers of needles?
No of needles =Dia ×Gauge ×22/7

No of cones =No of feeders in machine

FUNCTION OF BASIC KNITTING ELEMENTS
NEEDLE
Needle is the primary knitting element.
It is a thin metal bar.
Needle is used to produce a loop.
SINKER
Sinker is the second primary knitting element. It is a thin metal plate.
Functions of sinker are
 Holding down
 Knocking over
 Loop formation

KNITTING CAM
Cam is the device which converts rotary machine drive into a suitable
reciprocation action for the needle.
Knitting cams (raising) are three types.
1. KNIT CAM

It is used to produce a knit loop.

2. TUCK CAM.

It is used to produce a tuck loop.

3. MISS CAM.

It is used to produce a miss loop.

Maintenance of Machines
Maintenance Schedule of Machines

Single Knit Double Knit

Service 1.5-2 months Service 1.5-2 months
Set Change 40-50Kg fabric Set Change 40-50Kg fabric

Lubrication Information of Machines

Machines Lubrication Name of Type of Manufacturer

Points The Point Lubricant of Lubricant

Single Jersey 16 Needle Butt White Oil Germany

CAMS
Sinker
Cylinder

Rib Machine 8 Dial White Oil Germany

Cylinder
Needle
Interlock M/c 8 Dial White Oil Germany
Cylinder
Needle
Flat Machine 3 Needle White Oil Germany
Jack Carnosine
Carriage Oil
 Chapter 3
Fabric and knitted parameters

GSM (gram per square meter)

The GSM of fabric is one kind of specification of fabric which is very important
for a textile engineer for understanding and production of fabric. ‘GSM’ means
‘Gram per square meter’ that is the weight of fabric in gram per one square meter.
By this we can compare the fabrics in unit area which is heavier and which is
lighter. 

Controlling the GSM

GSM is directly depended to the stitch density of the fabric. Lower stitch density
results lower GSM for the same count of yarn. If the stitch length of the fabric
increases then correspondingly stitch density of the will be decreased; because the
amount of free space in fabric will increase and number of weal and course will
decrease. Stitch Length depends on the supply of the yarn to the feeder. So
normally the supply of the yarn controls the GSM. Rather than that, tension of the
take-up roller slightly responsible for the stitch length.
So, controlling point of the machine to control GSM of the fabric is given below;
1. Controlling the VDQ pulley: If the diameter of the VDQ pulley increased
then GSM of the fabric will be decreased. Normally GSM of the fabric is
controlled by VDQ pulley.
2. Controlling the needle bed: By lowering or rising of the needle bed GSM
of the fabric can be controlled.
3. Tension of the take up roller: Lower the tension of the take-up roller then
higher the GSM of the fabric.
 4. Tension point of the cam box: By controlling the tension of the cam box
GSM of the fabric can be controlled.
Yarn count
Count is numerical expression, which express the coarseness or fineness
(diameter) of the yarn. It also expresses weather the yarn is thick or thin.

Chapter 4
Inspection
Inspection is an important step to meet the customer’s requirement. Basically, three
types of faults observe during inspection
1. Machine related faults

2. Man, related faults.

3. Material related fault

First of all, the yarn is inspected after dyeing. The strength and thick thin
places are checked in the yarn testing lab. The fabric is inspected after knitting for
faults. The frame width of the inspection machine is 60”. 4 inspection machines
were present on each knitting floor. The inspection frame contains UV light in
order to check C free yarn.

machine layout
Objectives
The main objective of this department is fabrics folding or rolling of fabrics. This
is the department where the quality of row material and finished product is
checked. This department consists of testing, inspection and folding.

FAULTS, CAUSES & THEIR REMEDIES IN KNITTING

Hole Marks
Causes
 Holes are the results of yarn breakage or yarn cracks.
 During loop formation the yarn breaks in the rejoin of the needle hook.
 If the yarn count is not correct on regarding structure, gauge, course and
density.
 Badly knot or splicing.
 Yarn feeder badly set.

Remedies:
 Yarn strength must be sufficient to withstand the stretch as well as uniform.
 Use proper count of yarn.
 Correctly set of yarn feeder.
 Knot should be given properly.

Needle Mark
Causes:
 When a needle breaks down then needle mark comes along the fabrics.
 If a needle or needle hook is slightly bends then needle mark comes on the
fabrics.
Remedies:
 Needle should be straight as well as from broken latch.

Drop Stitches
Causes:
 Defective needle.
 If yarn is not properly fed during loop formation i.e. not properly laid on to
the needle hook.
 Take-down mechanism too loose.
 Insufficient yarn tension.
 Badly set yarn feeder.


Remedies:
 Needle should be straight & well.
 Proper feeding of yarn during loop formation.
 Correct take up of the fabric & correct fabric tension.
 Yarn tension should be properly.
Lycra short
Causes:

 Lycra Breakage

Remedies:
 Keep Lycra in check

Oil Line
Cause:
 Faulty lubrication system
 Supplying more oil than required

Remedies:
 Supply oil according to the needs of the machine

Shade Variation
Causes:
 Different yarn counts mixing

Remedies
 Proper clarification of yarn cones

Needle lines:
Causes:
 Damaged Hook
  Damaged head Problem in needle Trick.

Remedies:
 Monitoring of needle
 Cleaning the trick at required time

Chapter 5

Testing &quality control

Introduction:
 Quality control focuses on the identification of defects in product.
 To goal of quality control is to identify any defects after a product is
developed, but before its released to production.
This department is responsible for executing testing to identify product
defects

Objective and quality control:

 To improve quality and productivity.
 To reduce cost of product /services.
 To identify and solve problems.
 To tap intelligence of workers.
 To develop and motivate employees.
 To improve communication within organization.
 To increase employee loyalty and commitment.
 To satisfy human needs.
Fabric Inspection by Quality department at different stages:
1.What are different quality inspection stages?
Klash follows in line quality check process based on three stages i.e. checks
machine Parameters, fabric fault inspection on running machine and tables
inspection of fabric.
2.What is checked at first inspection?
The very first inspection is to check the machine parameters like
cleanliness, yarn path, needle detectors, MPF.
3.What inspection criteria are adopted?
The criteria of 4-point grading system is adopted in Klash.
4. Maximum Width of inspection frames?
The width of inspection frame for fabric in knitting production is 6 feet.
5.Production per inspection frame?
Production per frame in kalash was 1500 kg per shift (12 hrs).
6.Number of rolling machines?
The total rolling machines were nine.
7.Maximum length of roll possible?
Depend upon fabric construction. For single 300 yards and for rib 150 yds.
8.What major defects are inspected?
The major defects like press-off and needle line were being inspected along
with other defects polyester out, oil line, knit holes, lycra short, missing
yarn and bad needle lines/sinker lines.

Detail of System use in QC for grading and inspection

The most commonly used is the Four-point system. Within this system,
fabric rolls are graded for defects. Each defect receives a certain number of
points, and after inspection, of course you hope for the lowest number of
points possible. The point system is as follows:
As you can see, the more severe the defect, the more points that will be taken off.
It is up to the client to set the maximum number of defects per 100 yards, which is
a maximum of 30 points per 100. The inspector will add up the defects points and
then use the following formula to determine the rate of points per 100 yards.

1. Length wise classification of fabric? A, B, C, CP

Length wise classification is done for woven fabric. So, for doing
classification length wise of knitted fabric the weight of the fabric is
converted into length and then grading occurs. Roll weight×43055.20 / roll
width×GSM×2
2. Manpower/Strength of QC in knitting production?

Almost 24 workers.

3. Mend able faults.

Oil lines, thin holes and swell holes are mendable faults.
4. A-grade percentage
98.5 percentage is considered as A-grade fabric.
5. Any UV light frame in folding? Reason
Yes, UV light frame was present because it checks the whiteness of fabric
not just whiteness the shade variations can also be determined in case of
dyed fabric
 Chapter 6
Air conditioning system
Introduction:
It is simply the mechanical process of acquiring and maintains the required
humidification level and temperature to ensure the optimum production with
quality assurance.

Objectives:

 To provide Relative humidity (75%-78%)

 To control the specific temperature of department
 To provide fresh air for workers
Humidity and temperature levels:
The atmospheric conditions with respect to temperature and humidity play very
important part in the manufacturing process of textile yarns and fabrics. The
properties like dimensions, weight, tensile strength, elastic recovery, electrical
resistance, rigidity etc. of all textile fiber whether natural or synthetic are
influenced by Moisture Regain.

Moisture Regain:
Moisture regain is the ratio of the moisture to the bone-dry weight of the
material expressed as a percentage. Many properties of textile materials vary
considerably with moisture regain.

dry −wet
RH %=98.6− ×300
dry
 Chapter 7
Compressed air supply
No of compressor. Model. Mac.:
Total 14 compressors are present.
But in knitting section 4 compressors are present.
 INGERSOLL Rand 150HP
 ATLAS COPCO 160kw
 ALUP 200kw
 BROOM WEAD 199kw
 ECO AIR 132kw

No of motors on compressor:
There are two motors present in each compressor.
 Fan Motor
 Main Motor

Total capacity of compressor system:

It depends upon the manufacturer or company. Each company has its own
capacity. Like 132kw, 199kw etc.
 Maintenance schedule of compressors, details:
Two types of maintenance are done.
1. Daily Maintenance
2. Serial wise maintenance
 In daily maintenance, oil level checked filter clean, oil gauge check.
 But in serial wise maintenance, over compressor is open and clean
after 2 months. Oil gear change, oil splitter change, Air filters change.

Chapter 8
Conclusion
The study of knitting process in knitting industry is very useful to
understand different machine parameters as well as it provides an opportunity to
learn about the industrial, working environment from all aspects. This work
provides an opportunity to observe the things in practical and relate it with
theory from this internship we got a lot of knowledge about material,