Discussion

The results in Graph 1.1, 2.1 and 3.1 shows a continuous increase every 1 minute. Once these
results have been prepared, we can see that the shape of the curves is similar to the number of
curves, as shown in the next section. We were able to observe the straightforward behaviour of
the curve between 1 and 20 minutes. We can also monitor the ascent and descent of the slope at
the start and end levels, at all stages. The experiment was repeated 3 times with different
constant load which was 200 N, 300 N and 400 N.

Following the loading strain εο, the creep rate (slope of strain vs time curve), is high but
decreases as the material deforms during the primary creep stage. At sufficiently large strains,
the material creeps at a constant rate. This is called the secondary or steady-state creep stage.
Ordinarily this is the most important stage of creep since the time to failure tf is determined
primarily by the secondary creep rate. In the case of tension creep, the secondary creep stage is
eventually interrupted by the onset of tertiary creep, which is characterized by internal fracturing
of the material, creep acceleration, and finally failure.
For test 1, the modulus of elasticity is 1387.5E. For test 2, the modulus of elasticity is 558.42E
and for test 3, the modulus of elasticity is 2175.09E. For the theory calculation which is 669.6E
(E=Modulus of elasticity), there might be a slightly different from the result obtained from the
experiment. The higher the load being applied to the specimen the faster the time taken for the
specimen to reach fracture period. However, this result is for a higher stress and very much
shorter creep time than would normally be used for material testing
An error occurred during the test, the measurement of the actual measurements and parameters
of the sample is not clear, therefore it may cause an error to occur. Another factor that may lead
to erroneous experiments from the theoretical results is that the model is not carefully cut from
the required format. This results in less unnecessary cutting of the sample, which causes the
sample to reach the breaking point faster than normal. In addition, ambient temperature also
affects the experimental results. Because at high temperatures the whole beautification process
can be done in just a few seconds. The final possible error is that the instrument or instruments
used show an error before the design or placement of the model on a universal test machine is
incorrect or slightly out of place.