DEVELOPENT OF LOCALLY FABRICATED PORTABLE ELECTRO VULCANAZER

INTRODUCTION

This research is about the upgrading of the vulcanizing equipment for automobile, motorcycle, bicycle
and any tire tubes. The gadget is electronically operated and environment-friendly. The upgraded
vulcanizing equipment has additional features such as buzzer, timer and temperature gauge which can
greatly increase its efficiency and accuracy. This experimental research was conceived to help reduce
global warming, and to encourage investors in this small scale business industry.

This invention relates to an improved electrically heated vulcanizer for use in the repair of rents, tears
or openings in rubber or rubber-containing objects, for instance, motor vehicle tires, tubes and the
like.It is a primary object of the invention to provide an improved electric vulcanizer of compact and
sturdy construction, simple, rapid and economical to operate and adapted for the ready reception of tire
tubes and other objects possessing varying shapes, thicknesses and other physical characteristics.

It is another important object of the present invention to provide an electric vulcanizer with a movable
shoe which is adapted to be brought into clamping engagement with the rubber article to be vulcanized,
and wherein the shoe is provided with an electric heating element, by means of which heat is
transmitted through the under 2o surface of the shoe to heat a rubber article to a desired vulcanizing
temperature, and wherein thermostatic means are provided for automati'ally discontinuing the flow of
current through the heating element after a predetermined vil2s canizing temperature in any given
operation has been attained, so that the danger of overheating, or maintaining the heating operation for
too long a period of time will be avoided and Injury to a rubber article undergoing vulcanization will be
so prevented Irrespectively jo the degree of attention given to the vulcanizing operation by an
attendant.

I am aware that heretofore it has been proposed to provide electric tire vulcanizers with therlmostatic
switch means for maintaining desired vulcanizing temperatures for an indefinite period of time but such
prior devices have required an act of the operator, such as the operation .o a manually controlled
switch, to discontinue the flow of current through the resistance coils of the heating element to arrest
any given vulcanizing operation. It frequently occurs, particularly in conducting the business of most
garages, that the attention of an operator may be removed from the vulcanizer while the latter is
heating. If such a vulcanizing operation continues for too long a period of time, the goods acted upon
are apt to be damaged and suffer irreparable injury, and this may take place irrespective of the-fact that
the heating element of the vulcanizer contains an automatic temperature regulating switch. By the
present invention, however,
 I provide in connection with such a vulcanizer a combined manually operable and self-openUs ing
switch by which the functioning of the heating unit of the vulcanizer may be interrupted by positive
manual action and/or by automatic action. It is another object of the invention to provide an electric
vulcanizer having a heating element so designed as to confine the electrically generated heat to the
vulcanizing surfaces of the heating element and prevent waste or dissipation of the developed heat and,
further, to provide means for assuring uniform temperature at all points on its vulcanizing surface, thus
permitting economy In current consumption as well as to obtain proper heating of the rubber article
undergoing vulcanization.

OBJECTIVES

The portable electronic vulcanizer was tested to find out its efficiency and convenience, which is
beneficial to the community, the environment and industry. Specifically, this study was conducted to:

1) identify the design of a portable electronic vulcanizer;

2) determine its material components;

3) determine the appropriateness of the heating element used in this electronic vulcanizer

4) determine the desirable temperature to exactly bond the Class A and B vulcanizing gum to the rubber
tire in one and two minutes, respectively.

5) find out the efficiency and cost of the portable electronic vulcanizer

Methodology

This research was aimed at finding out the efficiency of the portable electronic vulcanizer. The old
vulcanizing equipment was upgraded to save time, investment, manpower and to eliminate the problem
of gas emission in vulcanization.
Theoretical Framework

McClelland classifies people in relation to their dominant need for achievement, power of affiliation, as
viewed by successful entrepreneurs.McClelland explains that “people who are high in need achievement
are highly motivated to strive for the satisfaction that is derived from accomplishing a trade or
occupation which are most the times challenging task, like in the design and fabrication of electric
vulcanizer, were patience, endurance and dexterity must be present on the individual” thus people are
the graduates of technical education [2].Former President Fidel V. Ramos [3], he stressed that the living
condition of the people in every sector of society can be improved by initiating family investment or
group. He wanted the Philippines to be a New Industrialized Country (NIC) in Asia and the Pacific by
2000 and beyond. Thus, Executive Order No. 318, s. 1991,was passed to reinforce functional program in
the implementation toward industrial reform and development.With this plans and standards, a
national employment plan as basis for technical education and skills development plan was
recommended and provided for improvement, for the following problem, namely:
enrollments,workload distribution, poor quality of teaching skills of teachers, lack of fitness between
programs and graduates, limited time for the on-the-job training.Our country today must recognize the
present educational technologies status that these may be used whenever possible to enhance and
equalize the opportunities in this field of technical education, like in the engineering field, considering
that license professional engineers, undermine the people who graduated technical education only,
even though that these people are sometime more skillful than them. The problem of mismatch does
not only embrace from technology graduates but they are included for some do not carry practical skills
 INPUT
HEATING ELEMENTS
TEMPERATURE METER
TIMER METER
RELAY
LED MONITOR
STEEL PLATE
POWER SWITCH

PROCESS
WELDING
BORING
CONNECTION OF WIRES
SOLDERING OF TERMINALS
RIVERTING
BOLYING
PANEL BOARD
TESTING OF PRODUCTS
DATA GATHERING

OUTPUT

PORTABLE

ELECTRONIC

VULCANAZING

EQUIPMENT

FIGURE 1 : FLOWCHART OF THE STUDY

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

According to (Ramis, 2015), The old vulcanizing equipment was upgraded to save time, investment,
manpower and to eliminate the problem of gas emission in vulcanization. The study also determined the
accurate temperature setting and duration of vulcanizing process using electronic vulcanizer which
eliminated the problem of gas emission produced by the conventional (gas fired) vulcanizer of about
2.772 kg of carbon dioxide for 1 liter of diesel fuel and/or 2.331 kg of carbon dioxide for 1 liter of petrol
into the atmosphere. In constructing this vulcanizer, a letter G body configuration made of GI pipe with
31.5 cm long lag bolt with some electronic parts were installed, like the analog temperature gauge,
digital timer, relay, LED, buzzer, switch, and heating element. Specifically, the product is divided into
three components: base or body, control panel board and the heating unit. The effectiveness level of the
equipment was tested utilizing five different temperatures at a constant and variable time. For Class A
gum, the best temperature which bonded the gum exactly to the rubber tire was 60˚C in 1 minute while
Class B gum was bonded at 60˚C in 2 minutes. The rate of energy consumed by the electronic vulcanizer
for Class A gum was Php 0.0757 with an efficiency of 85.22% and for Class B gum was Php 0.15 with an
efficiency of 85.22% and for conventional vulcanizer for Class A gum was Php 1.08 with an efficiency of
43.38% and for Class B gum was Php 1.52, with an effi-ciency of 78.08%. The study revealed that more
tires could be vulcanized in a short period of time, therefore providing greater income over time. It is
also environment-friendly since it does not emit carbon dioxide as compared to the conventional
vulcanizing.

And same as throught the study of the Philippines today must recognize the present educational
technologies status that these may be used whenever possible to enhance and equalize the
opportunities in this field of technical education, like in the engineering field, considering that license
professional engineers undermine the people who graduated technical education only, even though that
these people are sometime more skillful than them. The problem of mismatch does not only embrace
from technology graduates but they are included for some do not carry practical skills.

Former President Fidel V. Ramos [6], stressed that the living condition of the people in every sector of
society can be improved by initiating family investment or group. He wanted the Philippines to be a New
Industrialized Country (NIC) in Asia and the Pacific by 2000 and beyond. Thus, Executive Order No. 318,
s.

1991, was passed to reinforce functional program in the implementation toward industrial reform and
development. Vulcanization Methods [7] A variety of methods exist for vulcanization. The economically
most important method (vulcanization of tires) uses high pressure and temperature. A typical
vulcanization temperature for a passenger tire is 10 minutes at 170 °C. Vulcanization is the chemical
process by which the physical properties of natural or synthetic rubber are