Learning Area Mathematics

Learning Delivery Modality Modular Distance Modality (Learners-Led Modality)

School Anabu II Elementary Grade Level 5
LESSON Teacher Aileen F. Bienes Learning Area Mathematics
EXEMPL
Teaching Date December 7-11, 2020 Quarter Second
AR
Teaching Time 8:00-8:50 No. of Days 5 Days

Day 1-2 Day 3-5

I. OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
a. Identify and write equivalent ratio;
b. express ratio using either the colon (:) or fraction;
c. find the missing term in a pair of equivalent ratios;
d. define and describe a proportion; and
e. recognize when two quantities are in direct proportion; and
f. show appreciation of ratio and proportion in real life.
A. Content Standards The learner demonstrates understanding of the four fundamental operations involving ratio and
proportion.
B. Performance Standards The learner is able to apply the four fundamental operations involving ratio and proportion in
mathematical problems and in real-lie situations.
C. Most Essential Learning Identifies and writes equivalent ratios; and
Defines and describes a proportion and
Competencies (MELC) Expresses ratios using either the colon (:) or
Recognizes when two quantities are in direct
(if available write the indicated MELC) fraction.
proportion
Finds a missing term in a pair of equivalent
ratios;

D. Enabling Competencies Visualizes and identifies fractions
(if available write the attached enabling competencies) Identifies Common Factor
Multiplies and divides numbers
II. CONTENT Number and Number Sense
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
a. Teacher’s Guide Pages MELC_BOW p.145
b. Learner’s Material Pages pp. 66-67
c. Textbook Pages Mathematics for a Better Life. 2010. Grade 5
pp. 200-201
Understanding Mathematics Gr.5 pp.227,
231
d. Additional Materials from LRMDS_MISOSA Gr. 5 Expressing Ratio p.
Learning Resources 4 MISOSA Gr.5 Module 36 p. 6
MISOSA Gr. 5 Module 33 Visualization of
Ratio p. 4
B. List of Learning Resources for
Development and Math for Life Grade 5 p237-242
Engagement Activities
IV. PROCEDURES
A. Introduction Study the following terms:
Ratio is a comparison of two
quantities. The two quantities are written
separated by a colon (:). It may also be
written as a fraction. The numbers in a ratio
are called “terms’.
Equal ratios have the same lowest terms.
To find a ratio equal to a given ratio,
multiply or divide the terms of that ratio by
the same nonzero number.
In equal ratios, the product of the means
is equal to the product of the extremes.
To find the missing term in a pair of
equivalent ratio, we multiply the two given
Identifies and writes equivalent ratios;
and
Multiplies and divides numbers
MELC_BOW p.145
pp. 71-77
21st Century Mathletes Grade 5 pp 161-163
and 174-178
Understanding Mathematics Gr.5 pp 240-252
LRMDS_MISOSA Gr.5 Module 33 p. 4
Math 6 DLP 43 p. 15
Math for All Grade 5 p. 252
Math for Life Grade 5 p. 244-247
Review the terms:
Ratio is a comparison of two quantities. It
is a comparison of two quantities of the same
kind by division. The numbers in a ratio are
called “terms’. The terms in a proportion are
called the means and the extremes, like in
equivalent ratios.
Equal ratios are equivalent ratios.
Look into these news ideas:
Proportion is a statement of equality of
two ratios. In a:b = c:d , b and c are the means
while a and d are the extremes.
The law of proportion states that the
product of the means is equal to the product of
 terms and then divide their product to the the extremes.
term with a missing pair. Proportion is said to be direct if one term
increases/ decreases when the other term
increases/decreases in the same rate.
B. Development Explore and Discover Explore and Discover
What is the ratio of boys to girls in your Equivalent ratios are proportion.
classroom? Proportion is a statement of equality of two
Study the pictures that show 6 balls and 8 toy ratios.
tops. The following ratios can written to In a daily basis, it is important to know
show the number of balls and the number of about proportion. For instance, a growing
tops: child needs 2 servings of carbohydrate-rich
6 : 8 (six is to eight) food and 3 servings of protein-rich food every
The two quantities are written day. The ratio of the carbohydrate and protein
separated by a colon (:). is 2:3.
The ratio 6:8 can be written as a If 2 children are served, you will need
fraction 6. 4:6.
8
Showing that when grouped, there 2 is proportion to 4 .
are 3 balls for every 4 toy tops. The 3 6
ratio can is 3:4 or 3. In 2:3 = 4:6 , 3 and 4 are the means while
4 2 and 6 are the extremes.
To find the relation of 6:8 to 3:4, reduce the
ratios to lowest terms by dividing of each What is a direct proportion?
ratio by their GCF. Proportion is said to be direct if one
6= 6÷2 =3 term increases/ decreases when the other term
8 8÷2 4 increases/decreases in the same rate.
3 is already in lowest term.
4 How can we recognize direct proportion?
Both ratio have the same lowest term Look at the table below and see the
so they are equal ratios. proportion
In equal ratios, the product of the means
is equal to the product of the extremes. Number of Food serving
In 6:8 and 3:4, 8 and 3 are the means children
and 6 and 4 are the extremes. Carbs Protein
1 2 3
Multiply the means. 8 x 3 = 24 2 4 6
Then, multiply the extremes. 6 x 4 = 24 3 6 9
6:8 and 3:4 are equal ratios. 4 8 12
5 10 15
The chart below shows equal ratios.
The serving of carbohydrates increases
2 4 6 8 10 while the serving of protein increases. The
3 6 9 12 15 ratios are:
Notice that the number above are increasing 2:3, 4:6, 6:9, 8:12 and 10:15.
by twos. The number below increases by These are ratios in direct proportion.
threes. Cooking also needs proportion.
If we apply direct proportion in making
Take 2 and 8. Multiply the means kutsinta, say 3 cups of flour to 1 cup of brown
3 12 sugar and other ingredients, the ratio of the
and the extremes. flour to the sugar is 3:1.
As we increase the cups of flour, we
increase the cups of brown sugar. See the table
2 = 8. Means, 8 x 3 = 24 of proportion below.
3 12 Extremes, 2 x 12 = 24 Cups of Flour : Cups of Sugar
3 : 1
Here is another set of equal ratios. 6 : 2
A B C D E 9 : 3
6:15 12:30 18:45 24:60 30:75 The law of proportion states that the
product of the means is equal to the product of
12:30 has the lowest term as 6:15. the extremes. The same way to check if two
Also 18:45 has the lowest term 6: 15 and so ratios are equal.
on and so fort.
Multiply any pair and get the same products For example: 3 :1 = 6 : 2
for the means and the extremes.
 For example: Extremes, 3 x 2 = 6

Extremes, 12 x 60 = 720
3: 1 = 6 : 2
12 : 30 = 24 : 60
Means, 1 x 6 = 6
Means, 30 x 24 = 720
It is also wise to recognize direct
Write equivalent ratios for this ratio. 11 proportion in buying items.
13
To find a ratio equal to a given ratio, Think about this:
multiply the terms of that ratio by the same Josevf bought 2 loaves of bread for P110.
nonzero number. The bread was soft and tasteful so he decided
Given Equivalent Ratios to buy again to share to his friends. He bought
Ratio three loaves for P165. Did he pay the right
11 x 2 = 22 amount?
13 x 2 26 Write it this way:
2 : P110
11 x 3 = 33 3 : P165
13 x3 39 When P110 is divided by 2, one loaf
cost P55. P55 multiplied by 3 is P165.
11 x 4 = 44 Therefore, these ratios are direct proportion.
13 x4 52 He paid the right amount.

Write equivalent ratios for this ratio. 48

96
To find a ratio equal to a given ratio, divide
the terms of that ratio by their common
factors.

Given Common Equivalent Ratios

Ratio Factor
48 ÷2 = 24
96 ÷2 48

48 ÷ 3 = 16
96 ÷3 32

48 ÷ 4 = 12
96 ÷4 52

48 ÷ 48 = 1
96 ÷ 48 2

To find the missing term in a pair of

equivalent ratio, we multiply the two given
terms and then divide their product to the
term with a missing pair.
Complete each pair of equal ratios by solving
the missing term.
1. 5 = ¨
9 18
Since the extremes are both present, we
multiply, 5 x 18 = 90
Then we divide, 90 ÷ 10 = 9.
9 is the missing term.

2. 3 : 12 = 15 : ¨
Here, the means are 12 and 15.
12 x 15= 180
180 divided by 2 is 60.
60 is the missing term.
 3. 7 = 49
8 ¨
We can also solve the missing term by
dividing 49 by 7, then multiplying the
quotient by 8.

C. Engagement Check your understanding. Try these:

Actvity1. Activity 1
Complete the table by expressing the ratios Write a heart ( ) if the given ratios are in
using colon or fraction. direct proportion. Draw a triangle( ) if it not
In a Grade V Mathematics class, there direct prportion.
are 24 boys and 20 girls. ______ 1. 3:9 = 9:27
______ 2. 7:1 = 5:3
Terms Colon Fraction ______ 3. 15:5 = 5:15
Boys to girls ______ 4. 8:2 = 4:1
Girls to boys ______ 5. 6:20 = 12:40
Boys to the whole
class
Activity 2
Girls to the whole
class
Study this price list of school supplies in a
Whole class to store:
boys Ballpen = P5
2 Notebooks = P35
Activity 2 3 folders = P20
2 pad papers = P15
Test if the pairs of ratios are equal. Put a 10pcs art papers = P5
check (ü) if they are equal and a cross (×) if Tell whether the direct proportion is correct.
they are not. 1. Ballpen 1: P5
1. 4 , 16 3: P15
5 20 2. Notebooks 2 : P35
2. 3 , 6 6: P135
4 8 3. Folders 3: P20
3. 9 , 1 7: P 60
10 5 4. Pad papers 2: P15
4. 16:20, 4:5 4: P35
5. 4:5, 2:5 5. Art papers 10: P5
30: P15
Activity 3 Activity 3
Fill in each box with the correct number that Write True if the ratios shows direct
will make equivalent ratios. proportion or False if it does not.
1) ¨: 7 = 24 : 56
2) 8 : 3 = ¨: 15 1. 4 and 28
3) 12 :¨ = 15 : 5 6 42
4) 4 : 16 = ¨: 8
5) 27 : = 9 : 15 2. 18 : 45 and 4 :12
3. 24 and 3
Assessment 56 7
Encircle which ratio is equal to the given
ratio. 4. 3: 21 and 7: 42
1. 3 : 7 = 5: 14, 15: 25 , 15: 35
5. 25:27 and 75: 81
2. 8: 20 = 2:5 , 4:5 , 16:30
Assessment
3. 36:80 = 6:12 , 18:40 . 9: 24 Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. A proportion shows _____ ratios.
4. 6 = 8, 1, 12 A. Efficient
7 9 2 21 B. Equivalent
5. 5 = 5, 1, 1 C. Enormous
100 10 2 20 D. Unequal

Additional Activities 2. Direct proportion is shown in two ratios

Complete each series of equal ratios. where one term
1-2. 16 = ¨ = ¨ A. is multiplied and the other is divided in the
24 12 3 same rate.
 3-4. 8 = ¨ =¨
13 26 39
5. 7 =¨
12 60
D. Assimilation Read the problem and write your ratio in
colon.
1. The pandemic made many families in
difficult situations. Many generous people
helped the needy. If you have 200 eggs and
you will distribute it to 50 recipients, what
will be the ratio of eggs to each recipient?
2. Give a ratio in fraction for 12
boxes and 48 canned goods.
3. Tell if the ratio 50:200 and 12:48
are equal.
V. REFLECTION The learner using their, notebook,
journal, or portfolio will write their
personal insights using these prompts:
I understand that ____________
I realize that _________________
As per RM No. 296, s.2020, page 8 format B
(Learning Delivery Modality: Online Distance Learning or Modular Distance Learning)
You may delete or insert columns.
B. Is multiplied to the extremes.
C. increases/ decreases as the other term
increases/decreases in the same rate.
D. divided to the other term.
3. Which of the following proportion is direct?
A. 3 kilos of mango is P210
5 kilos of mango is P350
B. 2 packs of monggo is P40
3 packs of monggo is P80
C. 1 kilo of fish is P120
D. 4 kilos of potato is P 120
1 kilo of potato is PP40
4. Which of the following proportion is direct?
A. 4:7 = 8: 28
B. 15: 20 = 35: 70
C. 22: 100 = 50: 11
D. 24: 60 = 2:5
5. How much will you pay for 20 calamansi if
5 calamansi cost p12?
A. P 60
B. P50
C. P48
D. P 42
Additional Activities
Read and analyze the problem.
1. You have 12 kilos of rice at home and your
family consumes 2 kilos in a day, how many
days will your rice supply last?
2. How about if you consume 1.5 kilos in a
day, how many days will it last?
3. What if you consume 2.5 kilos in a day, will
you rice supply be enough for 5 days?
Direct proportion is also important in
purchases such as fruits, vegetables, meat and
items in the market. It is important to buy
things that are needed and save some money.
Use direct proportion to solve the cost of the
following items.
1. 3 kilograms of fish cost P210
7 kilograms cost _____
2. 12 oranges cost P144
20 oranges cost _____
3. 19 bus rides cost P 323
23 bus rides cost _____
4. 7 cans of meatloaf cost P 385
15 cans of meatloaf cost ____
5. 2 towels cost P 260
5 towel cost ______
The learner using their, notebook,
journal, or portfolio will write their
personal insights using these prompts:
I understand that ____________
I realize that _________________